We are exploring [allowing this for
Kusama](https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/runtimes/pull/261) as well,
disallowing on test chains seems unnecessarily limiting.

closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3894

Allows Nomination Pool configuration to be set by a custom origin
instead of root.

In runtimes, we would set this to be `StakingAdmin`, same as for
pallet-staking.

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <[email protected]>

[litep2p](https://github.com/altonen/litep2p) is a libp2p-compatible P2P
networking library. It supports all of the features of `rust-libp2p`
that are currently being utilized by Polkadot SDK.

Compared to `rust-libp2p`, `litep2p` has a quite different architecture
which is why the new `litep2p` network backend is only able to use a
little of the existing code in `sc-network`. The design has been mainly
influenced by how we'd wish to structure our networking-related code in
Polkadot SDK: independent higher-levels protocols directly communicating
with the network over links that support bidirectional backpressure. A
good example would be `NotificationHandle`/`RequestResponseHandle`
abstractions which allow, e.g., `SyncingEngine` to directly communicate
with peers to announce/request blocks.

I've tried running `polkadot --network-backend litep2p` with a few
different peer configurations and there is a noticeable reduction in
networking CPU usage. For high load (`...

This MR contains two major changes and some maintenance cleanup.  

## 1. Free Standing Pallet Benchmark Runner

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3045, depends
on your runtime exposing the `GenesisBuilderApi` (like
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1492).

Introduces a new binary crate: `frame-omni-bencher`.  
It allows to directly benchmark a WASM blob - without needing a node or
chain spec.

This makes it much easier to generate pallet weights and should allow us
to remove bloaty code from the node.
It should work for all FRAME runtimes that dont use 3rd party host calls
or non `BlakeTwo256` block hashing (basically all polkadot parachains
should work).

It is 100% backwards compatible with the old CLI args, when the `v1`
compatibility command is used. This is done to allow for forwards
compatible addition of new commands.

### Example (full example in the Rust docs)

Installing the CLI:
```sh
cargo install --locked --path subs...

Improves `adder-collator` to also compute the parachain velocity. The
velocity is defined as number of parachain blocks progressing per relay
chain block.

In this test we're asserting that the elastic parachain always
progresses by 3 blocks per RCB, while the non-elastic parachain
progresses normally - 1 block per RCB.

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: ordian <[email protected]>

With Coretime enabled we can no longer assume there is a static 1:1
mapping between core index and para id. This mapping should be obtained
from the scheduler/claimqueue on block by block basis.

This PR modifies `para_id()` (from `CoreState`) to return the scheduled
`ParaId` for occupied cores and removes its usages in the code.

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3948

---------

Co-authored-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

Signed-off-by: hongkuang <[email protected]>

Signed-off-by: divdeploy <[email protected]>

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

On top of https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/3879

I've also moved the previous test where we ensure multiple cores per
para doesn't break non elastic parachains.

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Javier Viola <[email protected]>

The runtime now can provide a number of predefined presets of
`RuntimeGenesisConfig` struct. This presets are intended to be used in
different deployments, e.g.: `local`, `staging`, etc, and should be
included into the corresponding chain-specs.

Having `GenesisConfig` presets in runtime allows to fully decouple node
from runtime types (the problem is described in #1984).

**Summary of changes:**
- The `GenesisBuilder` API was adjusted to enable this functionality
(and provide better naming - #150):
   ```rust
    fn preset_names() -> Vec<PresetId>;
fn get_preset(id: Option<PresetId>) -> Option<serde_json::Value>;
//`None` means default
    fn build_state(value: serde_json::Value);
    pub struct PresetId(Vec<u8>);
   ```

- **Breaking change**: Old `create_default_config` method was removed,
`build_config` was renamed to `build_state`. As a consequence a node
won't be able to interact with genesis config for older runtimes. The
cleanup was made for sake of API simplicity. Also IMO maintaining
compatibility with old API is not so crucial.
- Reference implementation was provided for `substrate-test-runtime` and
`rococo` runtimes. For rococo new
[`genesis_configs_presets`](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/3b41d66b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs#L530)
module was added and is used in `GenesisBuilder`
[_presets-related_](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/3b41d66b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/lib.rs#L2462-L2485)
methods.

- The `chain-spec-builder` util was also improved and allows to
([_doc_](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/3b41d66b/substrate/bin/utils/chain-spec-builder/src/lib.rs#L19)):
   - list presets provided by given runtime (`list-presets`),
- display preset or default config provided by the runtime
(`display-preset`),
   - build chain-spec using named preset (`create ... named-preset`),


- The `ChainSpecBuilder` is extended with
[`with_genesis_config_preset_name`](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/3b41d66b/substrate/client/chain-spec/src/chain_spec.rs#L447)
method which allows to build chain-spec using named preset provided by
the runtime. Sample usage on the node side
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/2caffaae

/polkadot/node/service/src/chain_spec.rs#L404).

Implementation of #1984.
fixes: #150
part of: #25

---------

Co-authored-by: Sebastian Kunert <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>

Part of https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/226 
Related https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1833

- Deprecate `CurrencyAdapter` and introduce `FungibleAdapter`
- Deprecate `ToStakingPot` and replace usage with `ResolveTo`
- Required creating a new `StakingPotAccountId` struct that implements
`TypedGet` for the staking pot account ID
- Update parachain common utils `DealWithFees`, `ToAuthor` and
`AssetsToBlockAuthor` implementations to use `fungible`
- Update runtime XCM Weight Traders to use `ResolveTo` instead of
`ToStakingPot`
- Update runtime Transaction Payment pallets to use `FungibleAdapter`
instead of `CurrencyAdapter`
- [x] Blocked by https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1296,
needs the `Unbalanced::decrease_balance` fix

The XCM builder pattern lets you build xcms like so:

```rust
let xcm = Xcm::builder()
    .withdraw_asset((Parent, 100u128).into())
    .buy_execution((Parent, 1u128).into())
    .deposit_asset(All.into(), AccountId32 { id: [0u8; 32], network: None }.into())
    .build();
```

All the `.into()` become quite annoying to have to write.
I accepted `impl Into<T>` instead of `T` in the generated methods from
the macro.
Now the previous example can be simplified as follows:

```rust
let xcm = Xcm::builder()
    .withdraw_asset((Parent, 100u128))
    .buy_execution((Parent, 1u128))
    .deposit_asset(All, [0u8; 32])
    .build();
```

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>

Remove `fetch_next_scheduled_on_core` in favor of new wrapper and
methods for accessing it.

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

Added tests for XCM barriers: `AllowSubscriptions`, `WithUniqueTopic` and `TrailingSetTopicAsId` (#3955)

Closes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1756

fixes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3775

Additionally moves the claim queue fetch utilities into
`subsystem-util`.

TODO:
- [x] fix tests
- [x] add elastic scaling tests

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

migrations: prevent accidentally using unversioned migrations instead of `VersionedMigration` (#3835)

closes #1324 

#### Problem
Currently, it is possible to accidentally use inner unversioned
migration instead of `VersionedMigration` since both implement
`OnRuntimeUpgrade`.

#### Solution

With this change, we make it clear that value of `Inner` is not intended
to be used directly. It is achieved by bounding `Inner` to new trait
`UncheckedOnRuntimeUpgrade`, which has the same interface (except
`unchecked_` prefix) as `OnRuntimeUpgrade`.

#### `try-runtime` functions

Since developers can implement `try-runtime` for `Inner` value in
`VersionedMigration` and have custom logic for it, I added the same
`try-runtime` functions to `UncheckedOnRuntimeUpgrade`. I looked for a
ways to not duplicate functions, but couldn't find anything that doesn't
significantly change the codebase. So I would appreciate If you have any
suggestions to improve this

cc @liamaharon

 @xlc 

polkadot address: 16FqwPZ8GRC5U5D4Fu7W33nA55ZXzXGWHwmbnE1eT6pxuqcT

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <[email protected]>

Working towards migrating the `parity-bridges-common` repo inside
`polkadot-sdk`. This PR upgrades some dependencies in order to align
them with the versions used in `parity-bridges-common`

Related to
https://github.com/paritytech/parity-bridges-common/issues/2538

This outputs:
```
2024-04-02 14:36:02.135 ERROR tokio-runtime-worker beefy: 🥩 for session starting at block 21990151
no BEEFY authority key found in store, you must generate valid session keys
(https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-polkadot#generating-the-session-keys)
```
error log entry, once every session, for nodes running with
`Role::Authority` that have no public BEEFY key in their keystore

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

When using `schedule_code_upgrade` to change the code of a parachain in
the relay chain runtime, we had already fixed to not set the `GoAhead`
signal. This was done to not brick any parachain after the upgrade,
because they were seeing the signal without having any upgrade prepared.
The remaining problem is that the parachain code is only upgraded after
a parachain header was enacted, aka the parachain made some progress.
However, this is quite complicated if the parachain is bricked (which is
the most common scenario why to manually schedule a code upgrade). Thus,
this pull request replaces `SetGoAhead` with `UpgradeStrategy` to signal
to the logic kind of strategy want to use. The strategies are either
`SetGoAheadSignal` or `ApplyAtExpectedBlock`. `SetGoAheadSignal` sets
the go ahead signal as before and awaits a parachain block.
`ApplyAtExpectedBlock` schedules the upgrade and applies it directly at
the `expected_block` without waiting for the parachain to make any kind
of progress.

Fix "double-weights" for extrinsics, use only the ones benchmarked in
the runtime.

Deprecate extrinsics that don't specify WeightLimit, remove their usage
across the repo.

---------

Signed-off-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

Rejoice! Rejoice! The story is nearly over.

This PR removes stale migrations, auxiliary structures, and package
dependencies, thus making Rococo and Westend totally free from any
`im-online`-related stuff.

`im-online` still stays a part of the Substrate node and its runtime:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/0d932484/substrate/bin/node/runtime/src/lib.rs#L2276-L2277
I'm not sure if it makes sense to remove it from there considering that
we're not removing `im-online` from FRAME. Please share your opinion.

Runtime release 1.2 includes bumping of the ParachainHost APIs up to
v10, so let's move all the released APIs out of vstaging folder, this PR
does not include any logic changes only renaming of the modules and some
moving around.

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>

Test started failing after
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/commit/66051adb


which enabled approval coalescing, that was expected to happen because
the test required an polkadot_parachain_approval_checking_finality_lag
of 0, which can't happen with max_approval_coalesce_count greater than 1
because we always delay the approval for no_show_duration_ticks/2 in
case we can coalesce it with other approvals.


So relax a bit the restrictions, since we don't actually care that the
lags are 0, but the fact the finalities are progressing and are not
stuck.

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>

fixes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3886

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

The metric records the current protocol_version of the validator that
just connected with the peer_map.len(), which contains all peers that
connected, that has the effect the metric will be wrong since it won't
tell us how many peers we have connected per version because it will
always record the total number of peers

Fix this by counting by version inside peer_map, additionally because
that might be a bit heavier than len(), publish it only on-active
leaves.

---------

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>

Closes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3906

Removes transient code introduced to clean up offchain database after
`im-online` pallet removal.

Should be merged after #2290 has been enacted.

Somehow https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/3795 was merged
but tests are failing now on master. I suspect that CI is not even
running these tests anymore which is a big issue.

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

# Description

Since the binary split additional syscalls are getting blocked in
relation to the workers.

With the hardened systemd file it shows the following warning:

```
Cannot fully enable landlock, a Linux kernel security feature. Running validation of malicious PVF code has a higher risk of compromising this machine. Consider upgrading the kernel version for maximum security. status=Ok(NotEnforced) abi=1
```

For it to work we need to allow additionally:
- mount
- umount2
- pivot_root

and set `RestrictNamespaces=false`

Added new line `SystemCallFilter=pivot_root` because otherwise it would
get blocked by ~\@\privileged

Co-authored-by: s0me0ne-unkn0wn <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

This PR adds a new extrinsic `Call::restore_ledger ` gated by
`StakingAdmin` origin that restores a corrupted staking ledger. This
extrinsic will be used to recover ledgers that were affected by the
issue discussed in
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3245.

The extrinsic will re-write the storage items associated with a stash
account provided as input parameter. The data used to reset the ledger
can be either i) fetched on-chain or ii) partially/totally set by the
input parameters of the call.

In order to use on-chain data to restore the staking locks, we need a
way to read the current lock in the balances pallet. This PR adds a
`InspectLockableCurrency` trait and implements it in the pallet
balances. An alternative would be to tightly couple staking with the
pallet balances but that's inelegant (an example of how it would look
like in [this
branch](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/tree/gpestana/ledger-badstate-clean_tightly)).

More details on the type of corruptions and corresponding fixes
https://hackmd.io/DLb5jEYWSmmvqXC9ae4yRg?view#/

We verified that the `Call::restore_ledger` does fix all current
corrupted ledgers in Polkadot and Kusama. You can verify it here
https://hackmd.io/v-XNrEoGRpe7APR-EZGhOA.

**Changes introduced**
- Adds `Call::restore_ledger ` extrinsic to recover a corrupted ledger;
- Adds trait `frame_support::traits::currency::InspectLockableCurrency`
to allow external pallets to read current locks given an account and
lock ID;
- Implements the `InspectLockableCurrency` in the pallet-balances.
- Adds staking locks try-runtime checks
(https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3751)

**Todo**
- [x] benchmark `Call::restore_ledger`
- [x] throughout testing of all ledger recovering cases
- [x] consider adding the staking locks try-runtime checks to this PR
(https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3751)
- [x] simulate restoring all ledgers
(https://hackmd.io/Dsa2tvhISNSs7zcqriTaxQ?view) in Polkadot and Kusama
using chopsticks -- https://hackmd.io/v-XNrEoGRpe7APR-EZGhOA

Related to https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3245
Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3751

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

This will make it possible to use remaining weight on idle for
processing enqueued messages.
More context here https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3709

---------

Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>

This works only for collators that implement the `collator_fn` allowing
`collation-generation` subsystem to pull collations triggered on new
heads.

Also enables
`request_v2::CollationFetchingResponse::CollationWithParentHeadData` for
test adder/undying collators.

TODO:
- [x] fix tests
- [x] new tests
- [x] PR doc

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

`execute` and `send` try to decode the xcm in the parameters before
reaching the filter line.
The new extrinsics decode only after the filter line.
These should be used instead of the old ones.

## TODO
- [x] Tests
- [x] Generate weights
- [x] Deprecation issue ->
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3771
- [x] PRDoc
- [x] Handle error in pallet-contracts

This would make writing XCMs in PJS Apps more difficult, but here's the
fix for that: https://github.com/polkadot-js/apps/pull/10350.
Already deployed! https://polkadot.js.org/apps/#/utilities/xcm

Supersedes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1798/

---------

Co-authored-by: PG Herveou <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>

This is a long due chore ...

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: ordian <[email protected]>

Fixes #3826.

The docs on the `candidates` field of `BlockEntry` were incorrectly
stating that they are sorted by core index. The (incorrect) optimization
was introduced in #3747 based on this assumption. The actual ordering is
based on `CandidateIncluded` events ordering in the runtime. We revert
this optimization here.

- [x] verify the underlying issue
- [x] add a regression test

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

The PR provides API for obtaining:
- the weight required to execute an XCM message,
- a list of acceptable `AssetId`s for message execution payment,
- the cost of the weight in the specified acceptable `AssetId`.

It is meant to address an issue where one has to guess how much fee to
pay for execution. Also, at the moment, a client has to guess which
assets are acceptable for fee execution payment.
See the related issue
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/690.
With this API, a client is supposed to query the list of the supported
asset IDs (in the XCM version format the client understands), weigh the
XCM program the client wants to execute and convert the weight into one
of the acceptable assets. Note that the client is supposed to know what
program will be executed on what chains. However, having a small
companion JS library for the pallet-xcm and xtokens should be enough to
determine what XCM programs will be executed and where (since these
pallets compose a known small set of programs).
```Rust
pub trait XcmPaymentApi<Call>
	where
		Call: Codec,
	{
		/// Returns a list of acceptable payment assets.
		///
		/// # Arguments
		///
		/// * `xcm_version`: Version.
		fn query_acceptable_payment_assets(xcm_version: Version) -> Result<Vec<VersionedAssetId>, Error>;
		/// Returns a weight needed to execute a XCM.
		///
		/// # Arguments
		///
		/// * `message`: `VersionedXcm`.
		fn query_xcm_weight(message: VersionedXcm<Call>) -> Result<Weight, Error>;
		/// Converts a weight into a fee for the specified `AssetId`.
		///
		/// # Arguments
		///
		/// * `weight`: convertible `Weight`.
		/// * `asset`: `VersionedAssetId`.
		fn query_weight_to_asset_fee(weight: Weight, asset: VersionedAssetId) -> Result<u128, Error>;
		/// Get delivery fees for sending a specific `message` to a `destination`.
		/// These always come in a specific asset, defined by the chain.
		///
		/// # Arguments
		/// * `message`: The message that'll be sent, necessary because most delivery fees are based on the
		///   size of the message.
		/// * `destination`: The destination to send the message to. Different destinations may use
		///   different senders that charge different fees.
		fn query_delivery_fees(destination: VersionedLocation, message: VersionedXcm<()>) -> Result<VersionedAssets, Error>;
	}
```
An
[example](https://gist.github.com/PraetorP/4bc323ff85401abe253897ba990ec29d)
of a client side code.

---------

Co-authored-by: Francisco Aguirre <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Daniel Shiposha <[email protected]>

This PR notifies broker pallet for any parachain slot swaps performed on
the relay chain. This is achieved by registering an `OnSwap` for the the
`coretime` pallet. The hook sends XCM message to the broker chain and
invokes a new extrinsic `swap_leases` which updates `Leases` storage
item (which keeps the legacy parachain leases).

I made two assumptions in this PR:
1.
[`Leases`](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/4987d798/substrate/frame/broker/src/lib.rs#L120)
in `broker` pallet and
[`Leases`](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/4987d798

/polkadot/runtime/common/src/slots/mod.rs#L118)
in `slots` pallet are in sync.
2. `swap_leases` extrinsic from `broker` pallet can be triggered only by
root or by the XCM message from the relay chain. If not - the extrinsic
will generate an error and do nothing.

As a side effect from the changes `OnSwap` trait is moved from
runtime/common/traits.rs to runtime/parachains. Otherwise it is not
accessible from `broker` pallet.

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3552

TODOs:

- [x] Weights
- [x] Tests

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: eskimor <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Here we add the ability to save subsystem benchmark results in JSON
format to display them as graphs

To draw graphs, CI team will use
[github-action-benchmark](https://github.com/benchmark-action/github-action-benchmark).
Since we are using custom benchmarks, we need to prepare [a specific
data
type](https://github.com/benchmark-action/github-action-benchmark?tab=readme-ov-file#examples):
```
[
    {
        "name": "CPU Load",
        "unit": "Percent",
        "value": 50
    }
]
```

Then we'll get graphs like this: 

![example](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rhysd/ss/master/github-action-benchmark/main.png)

[A live page with
graphs](https://benchmark-action.github.io/github-action-benchmark/dev/bench/)

---------

Co-authored-by: ordian <[email protected]>