This adds `try_state()` and `integrity_test()` to the four runtimes of
the XCM-simulator fuzzer.

With this, we are able to stress-test [message-queue's
try_state](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/7df1ae3b/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/lib.rs#L1245-L1347).

This also adds the `Transact` block-listing from #2424 to avoid
false-positives.

Thank you @ggwpez for the help with the runtime configurations.

Leases can be force set, but since `Leases` is a `StorageValue`, if a
lease misses its sale rotation in which it should expire, it can never
be cleared.

This can happen if a lease is added with an `until` timeslice that lies
in a region whose sale has already started or has passed, even if the
timeslice itself hasn't passed.

This solves that issue in a minimal way, with all expired leases being
cleaned up in each sale rotation, not just the ones that are expiring in
the coming region.

TODO:
- [x] Write test

In order to make the action `Required` it should run always.

cc @ggwpez

1. Benchmark results are collected in a single struct.
2. The output of the results is prettified.
3. The result struct used to save the output as a yaml and store it in
artifacts in a CI job.

```
$ cargo run -p polkadot-subsystem-bench --release -- test-sequence --path polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/availability_read.yaml | tee output.txt
$ cat output.txt

polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/availability_read.yaml #1

Network usage, KiB                     total   per block
Received from peers               510796.000  170265.333
Sent to peers                        221.000      73.667

CPU usage, s                           total   per block
availability-recovery                 38.671      12.890
Test environment                       0.255       0.085


polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/availability_read.yaml #2

Network usage, KiB                     total   per block
Received from peers               413633.000  137877.667
Sent to peers                        353.000     117.667

CPU usage, s                           total   per block
availability-recovery                 52.630      17.543
Test environment                       0.271       0.090


polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/availability_read.yaml #3

Network usage, KiB                     total   per block
Received from peers               424379.000  141459.667
Sent to peers                        703.000     234.333

CPU usage, s                           total   per block
availability-recovery                 51.128      17.043
Test environment                       0.502       0.167

```

```
$ cargo run -p polkadot-subsystem-bench --release -- --ci test-sequence --path polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/availability_read.yaml | tee output.txt
$ cat output.txt
- benchmark_name: 'polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/availability_read.yaml #1'
  network:
  - resource: Received from peers
    total: 509011.0
    per_block: 169670.33333333334
  - resource: Sent to peers
    total: 220.0
    per_block: 73.33333333333333
  cpu:
  - resource: availability-recovery
    total: 31.845848445
    per_block: 10.615282815
  - resource: Test environment
    total: 0.23582828799999941
    per_block: 0.07860942933333313

- benchmark_name: 'polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/availability_read.yaml #2'
  network:
  - resource: Received from peers
    total: 411738.0
    per_block: 137246.0
  - resource: Sent to peers
    total: 351.0
    per_block: 117.0
  cpu:
  - resource: availability-recovery
    total: 18.93596025099999
    per_block: 6.31198675033333
  - resource: Test environment
    total: 0.2541994199999979
    per_block: 0.0847331399999993

- benchmark_name: 'polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/availability_read.yaml #3'
  network:
  - resource: Received from peers
    total: 424548.0
    per_block: 141516.0
  - resource: Sent to peers
    total: 703.0
    per_block: 234.33333333333334
  cpu:
  - resource: availability-recovery
    total: 16.54178526900001
    per_block: 5.513928423000003
  - resource: Test environment
    total: 0.43960946299999537
    per_block: 0.14653648766666513
```

---------

Co-authored-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

Relates to: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3214

## TODO

- [ ] backport to the `1.7.0` release

This PR improves compatibility with RISC-V and PolkaVM, allowing more
runtimes to successfully compile.

In particular, it makes the following changes:

- The `sp-mmr-primitives` and `sp-consensus-beefy` crates
unconditionally required an `std`-only dependency; now they only require
those dependencies when the `std` feature is actually enabled. (Our
RISC-V target is, unlike WASM, a true `no_std` target where you can't
accidentally use stuff from `std` anymore.)
- One of our dependencies (the `bitvec` trace) uses a crate called
`radium` which doesn't compile under RISC-V due to incomplete
autodetection logic in their `build.rs` file. The good news is that this
is already fixed in the newest upstream version of `radium`, and the
newest version of `bitvec` uses it. The bad news is that the newest
version of `bitvec` is not currently released on crates.io, so we can't
use it. I've [created an
issue](https://github.com/ferrilab/ferrilab/issues/5) asking for a new
release, but in the meantime I forked the currently used `radium` 0.7,
[fixed the faulty
logic](https://github.com/paritytech/radium-0.7-fork/commit/ed66c8a294b138c67f93499644051d97d4c7fbda)
and used cargo's patching capabilities to use it for the RISC-V runtime
builds. This might be a little hacky, but it is the least intrusive way
to fix the problem, doesn't affect WASM builds at all, and we can
trivially remove it once a new `bitvec` is released.
- The new runtimes are added to the CI to make sure their compilation
doesn't break.

backport of
https://github.com/paritytech/parity-bridges-common/pull/2821 (see
detailed description there)

First in a series of PRs that reduces our use of sp-std with a view to
deprecating it.

This is just looking at /substrate and moving some of the references
from `sp-std` to `core`.
These particular changes should be uncontroversial.

Where macros are used `::core` should be used to remove any ambiguity.

part of https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2101

Superseeds https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1245  

This PR is a migration of the
https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/pull/14577.

The PR added associated types (`AddOrigin` & `RemoveOrigin`) to
`Config`. It allows you to decouple types and areas of responsibility,
since at the moment the same types are responsible for adding and
promoting(removing and demoting). This will improve the flexibility of
the pallet configuration.

```
/// The origin required to add a member.
type AddOrigin: EnsureOrigin<Self::RuntimeOrigin, Success = ()>;

/// The origin required to remove a member. The success value indicates the
/// maximum rank *from which* the removal may be.
type RemoveOrigin: EnsureOrigin<Self::RuntimeOrigin, Success = Rank>;
```
To achieve the backward compatibility, the users of the pallet can use
the old type via the new morph:

```
type AddOrigin = MapSuccess<Self::PromoteOrigin, Ignore>;
type RemoveOrigin = Self::DemoteOrigin;
```

---------

Signed-off-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: PraetorP <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Pavel Orlov <[email protected]>

Fixes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3129

Bumps [indicatif](https://github.com/console-rs/indicatif) from 0.17.6
to 0.17.7.
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li><a
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Fix a potential overflow with a saturating add.</li>
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## Summary
Built on top of the tooling and ideas introduced in
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2528, this PR introduces
a synthetic benchmark for measuring and assessing the performance
characteristics of the approval-voting and approval-distribution
subsystems.

Currently this allows, us to simulate the behaviours of these systems
based on the following dimensions:
```
TestConfiguration:
# Test 1
- objective: !ApprovalsTest
    last_considered_tranche: 89
    min_coalesce: 1
    max_coalesce: 6
    enable_assignments_v2: true
    send_till_tranche: 60
    stop_when_approved: false
    coalesce_tranche_diff: 12
    workdir_prefix: "/tmp"
    num_no_shows_per_candidate: 0
    approval_distribution_expected_tof: 6.0
    approval_distribution_cpu_ms: 3.0
    approval_voting_cpu_ms: 4.30
  n_validators: 500
  n_cores: 100
  n_included_candidates: 100
  min_pov_size: 1120
  max_pov_size: 5120
  peer_bandwidth: 524288000000
  bandwidth: 524288000000
  latency:
    min_latency:
      secs: 0
      nanos: 1000000
    max_latency:
      secs: 0
      nanos: 100000000
  error: 0
  num_blocks: 10
```

## The approach
1. We build a real overseer with the real implementations for
approval-voting and approval-distribution subsystems.
2. For a given network size, for each validator we pre-computed all
potential assignments and approvals it would send, because this a
computation heavy operation this will be cached on a file on disk and be
re-used if the generation parameters don't change.
3. The messages will be sent accordingly to the configured parameters
and those are split into 3 main benchmarking scenarios.

## Benchmarking scenarios

### Best case scenario *approvals_throughput_best_case.yaml*
It send to the approval-distribution only the minimum required tranche
to gathered the needed_approvals, so that a candidate is approved.

### Behaviour in the presence of no-shows *approvals_no_shows.yaml*
It sends the tranche needed to approve a candidate when we have a
maximum of *num_no_shows_per_candidate* tranches with no-shows for each
candidate.

### Maximum throughput *approvals_throughput.yaml*
It sends all the tranches for each block and measures the used CPU and
necessary network bandwidth. by the approval-voting and
approval-distribution subsystem.

## How to run it
```
cargo run -p polkadot-subsystem-bench --release -- test-sequence --path polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput.yaml
```

## Evaluating performance
### Use the real subsystems metrics
If you follow the steps in
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/tree/master/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench#install-grafana
for installing locally prometheus and grafana, all real metrics for the
`approval-distribution`, `approval-voting` and overseer are available.
E.g:
<img width="2149" alt="Screenshot 2023-12-05 at 11 07 46"
src="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/assets/49718502/cb8ae2dd-178b-4922-bfa4-dc37e572ed38">

<img width="2551" alt="Screenshot 2023-12-05 at 11 09 42"
src="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/assets/49718502/8b4542ba-88b9-46f9-9b70-cc345366081b">

<img width="2154" alt="Screenshot 2023-12-05 at 11 10 15"
src="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/assets/49718502/b8874d8d-632e-443a-9840-14ad8e90c54f">

<img width="2535" alt="Screenshot 2023-12-05 at 11 10 52"
src="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/assets/49718502/779a439f-fd18-4985-bb80-85d5afad78e2">

### Profile with pyroscope
1. Setup pyroscope following the steps in
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/tree/master/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench#install-pyroscope,
then run any of the benchmark scenario with `--profile` as the
arguments.
2. Open the pyroscope dashboard in grafana, e.g:
<img width="2544" alt="Screenshot 2024-01-09 at 17 09 58"
src="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/assets/49718502/58f50c99-a910-4d20-951a-8b16639303d9">



### Useful  logs
1. Network bandwidth requirements:
```
Payload bytes received from peers: 503993 KiB total, 50399 KiB/block
Payload bytes sent to peers: 629971 KiB total, 62997 KiB/block
```

2. Cpu usage by the approval-distribution/approval-voting subsystems.
```
approval-distribution CPU usage 84.061s
approval-distribution CPU usage per block 8.406s
approval-voting CPU usage 96.532s
approval-voting CPU usage per block 9.653s
```

3. Time passed until a given block is approved
```
 Chain selection approved  after 3500 ms hash=0x0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
Chain selection approved  after 4500 ms hash=0x0202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202
```

### Using benchmark to quantify improvements from
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1178 +
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1191

Using a versi-node we compare the scenarios where all new optimisations
are disabled with a scenarios where tranche0 assignments are sent in a
single message and a conservative simulation where the coalescing of
approvals gives us just 50% reduction in the number of messages we send.

Overall, what we see is a speedup of around 30-40% in the time it takes
to process the necessary messages and a 30-40% reduction in the
necessary bandwidth.

#### Best case scenario comparison(minimum required tranches sent).
Unoptimised
```
    Number of blocks: 10
    Payload bytes received from peers: 53289 KiB total, 5328 KiB/block
    Payload bytes sent to peers: 52489 KiB total, 5248 KiB/block
    approval-distribution CPU usage 6.732s
    approval-distribution CPU usage per block 0.673s
    approval-voting CPU usage 9.523s
    approval-voting CPU usage per block 0.952s
```

vs Optimisation enabled
```
   Number of blocks: 10
   Payload bytes received from peers: 32141 KiB total, 3214 KiB/block
   Payload bytes sent to peers: 37314 KiB total, 3731 KiB/block
   approval-distribution CPU usage 4.658s
   approval-distribution CPU usage per block 0.466s
   approval-voting CPU usage 6.236s
   approval-voting CPU usage per block 0.624s
```

#### Worst case all tranches sent, very unlikely happens when sharding
breaks.

Unoptimised
```
   Number of blocks: 10
   Payload bytes received from peers: 746393 KiB total, 74639 KiB/block
   Payload bytes sent to peers: 729151 KiB total, 72915 KiB/block
   approval-distribution CPU usage 118.681s
   approval-distribution CPU usage per block 11.868s
   approval-voting CPU usage 124.118s
   approval-voting CPU usage per block 12.412s
```

vs optimised
```
    Number of blocks: 10
    Payload bytes received from peers: 503993 KiB total, 50399 KiB/block
    Payload bytes sent to peers: 629971 KiB total, 62997 KiB/block
    approval-distribution CPU usage 84.061s
    approval-distribution CPU usage per block 8.406s
    approval-voting CPU usage 96.532s
    approval-voting CPU usage per block 9.653s
```


## TODOs
[x] Polish implementation.
[x] Use what we have so far to evaluate
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1191 before merging.
[x] List of features and additional dimensions we want to use for
benchmarking.
[x] Run benchmark on hardware similar with versi and kusama nodes.
[ ] Add benchmark to be run in CI for catching regression in
performance.
[ ] Rebase on latest changes for network emulation.

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>

Bumps [paritytech/review-bot](https://github.com/paritytech/review-bot)
from 2.3.0 to 2.4.0.
<details>
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Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

This allows to build a custom version of `spawn_tasks` with less
copy-paste required.

Resolves https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2110

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Can this API be marked stable? Implemented in [solang
here](https://github.com/hyperledger/solang/pull/1620)

---------

Signed-off-by: Cyrill Leutwiler <[email protected]>

This PR adds initial support for building RISC-V runtimes targeting
PolkaVM.

- Setting the `SUBSTRATE_RUNTIME_TARGET=riscv` environment variable will
now build a RISC-V runtime instead of a WASM runtime.
- This only adds support for *building* runtimes; running them will need
a PolkaVM-based executor, which I will add in a future PR.
- Only building the minimal runtime is supported (building the Polkadot
runtime doesn't work *yet* due to one of the dependencies).
- The builder now sets a `substrate_runtime` cfg flag when building the
runtimes, with the idea being that instead of doing `#[cfg(not(feature =
"std"))]` or `#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]` to detect that we're
building a runtime you'll do `#[cfg(substrate_runtime)]`. (Switching the
whole codebase to use this will be done in a future PR; I deliberately
didn't do this here to keep this PR minimal and reviewable.)
- Further renaming of things (e.g. types, environment variables and proc
macro attributes having "wasm" in their name) to be target-agnostic will
also be done in a future refactoring PR (while keeping backwards
compatibility where it makes sense; I don't intend to break anyone's
workflow or create unnecessary churn).
- This PR also fixes two bugs in the `wasm-builder` crate:
* The `RUSTC` environment variable is now removed when invoking the
compiler. This prevents the toolchain version from being overridden when
called from a `build.rs` script.
* When parsing the `rustup toolchain list` output the `(default)` is now
properly stripped and not treated as part of the version.
- I've also added a minimal CI job that makes sure this doesn't break in
the future. (cc @paritytech/ci)

cc @athei



------

Also, just a fun little tidbit: quickly comparing the size of the built
runtimes it seems that the PolkaVM runtime is slightly smaller than the
WASM one. (`production` build, with the `names` section substracted from
the WASM's size to keep things fair, since for the PolkaVM runtime we're
currently stripping out everything)

- `.wasm`: 625505 bytes
- `.wasm` (after wasm-opt -O3): 563205 bytes
- `.wasm` (after wasm-opt -Os): 562987 bytes
- `.wasm` (after wasm-opt -Oz): 536852 bytes
- `.polkavm`: ~~580338 bytes~~ 550476 bytes (after enabling extra target
features; I'll add those in another PR once we have an executor working)

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Bumps [wasmi](https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi) from 0.31.0 to
0.31.2.
<details>
<summary>Release notes</summary>
<p><em>Sourced from <a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/releases">wasmi's
releases</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote>
<h2>v0.31.1 - 2023-12-01</h2>
<h3>Fixes</h3>
<ul>
<li>Fixed a bug, in the <code>wasmi</code> engine executor, that causes
an out of bounds buffer write when calling or resuming a Wasm function
with a high number of parameters from the host side.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</details>
<details>
<summary>Changelog</summary>
<p><em>Sourced from <a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md">wasmi's
changelog</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote>
<h1>Changelog</h1>
<p>All notable changes to this project will be documented in this
file.</p>
<p>The format is loosely based on <a
href="https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/">Keep a Changelog</a>,
and this project adheres to <a
href="https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html">Semantic Versioning</a>.
Additionally we have an <code>Internal</code> section for changes that
are of interest to developers.</p>
<p>Dates in this file are formattes as <code>YYYY-MM-DD</code>.</p>
<h2>[<code>0.32.0-beta.5</code>] - 2024-01-15</h2>
<p><strong>Note:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>This is the beta of the upcoming <code>v0.32.0</code> release.
This version is not production ready yet and might contain serious bugs.
Please use this only for experimentation or at your own risk.</li>
<li>Performance tests indicated that the new register-machine bytecode
based
Wasmi engine performance is very sensitive to hardware or OS specifics
which may lead to very different performance characteristics.
<ul>
<li>We are working on fixing this until the stable release.</li>
<li>Measurements concluded that execution performance can be equal or
sometimes
even surpass Wasm3 execution performance.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Added</h3>
<ul>
<li>Added a new execution engine based on register-machine bytecode. (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/pull/729">paritytech/wasmi#729</a>)
<ul>
<li>The register-machine Wasmi <code>Engine</code> executes roughly
80-100% faster and
compiles roughly 30% slower according to benchmarks conducted so
far.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Added <code>Module::new_unchecked</code> API. (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/pull/829">paritytech/wasmi#829</a>)
<ul>
<li>This allows to compile a Wasm module without Wasm validation which
can be useful
when users know that their inputs are valid Wasm binaries.</li>
<li>This improves Wasm compilation performance for faster startup times
by roughly 10-20%.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Added Wasm compilation modes. (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/pull/844">paritytech/wasmi#844</a>)
<ul>
<li>When using <code>Module::new</code> Wasmi eagerly compiles Wasm
bytecode into Wasmi bytecode
which is optimized for efficient execution. However, this compilation
can become very
costly especially for large Wasm binaries.</li>
<li>The solution to this problem is to introduce new compilation modes,
namely:
<ul>
<li><code>CompilationMode::Eager</code>: Eager compilation, what Wasmi
did so far. (default)</li>
<li><code>CompilationMode::LazyTranslation</code>: Eager Wasm validation
and lazy Wasm translation.</li>
<li><code>CompilationMode::Lazy</code>: Lazy Wasm validation and
translation.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Benchmarks concluded that
<ul>
<li><code>CompilationMode::LazyTanslation</code>: Usually improves
startup performance by a factor of 2 to 3.</li>
<li><code>CompilationMode::Lazy</code>: Usually improves startup
performance by a factor of up to 27.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Note that <code>CompilationMode::Lazy</code> can lead to partially
validated Wasm modules
which can introduce non-determinism when using different Wasm
implementations.
Therefore users should know what they are doing when using
<code>CompilationMode::Lazy</code> if this is a concern.</li>
<li>Enable lazy Wasm compilation with:
<pre lang="rust"><code>let mut config = wasmi::Config::default();
</code></pre>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- raw HTML omitted -->
</blockquote>
<p>... (truncated)</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/0218dfc74b4c4a83261d46d90ac83fb513fd6b3f"><code>0218dfc</code></a>
Fix <code>InstanceCache</code> bug (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/904">#904</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/3fd0cc2b2d7b7a55142e6a6cffffbe4212ed00ae"><code>3fd0cc2</code></a>
Bump <code>wasmi_arena</code> version (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/903">#903</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/86c874029eba5067f4ecd01bc3c4f6dacab5a16e"><code>86c8740</code></a>
Fix <code>Sync</code> impl bug in <code>wasmi_arena</code> crate (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/902">#902</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/27def282b06613e770d0ab96de88b9909973a12b"><code>27def28</code></a>
Bump actions/cache from 3 to 4 (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/900">#900</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/59f9acc4776c09a35c6d563609de6818e9b65084"><code>59f9acc</code></a>
Fix typos (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/899">#899</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/4c06acd816ccde6f45f9cc16aac4e18d36066054"><code>4c06acd</code></a>
Update and improve Wasmi's readme (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/898">#898</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/2354a20ecc5e4209af2ba7458a8c383789ad8b4f"><code>2354a20</code></a>
Prepare release for Wasmi <code>v0.32.0 beta.5</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/893">#893</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/a4dc251bf066c362a2fc6acf00da924659894c6d"><code>a4dc251</code></a>
Fix heap buffer overflow due to Wasmi codegen bug (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/892">#892</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/e60da4979009370cb1149b29dbb612886854efa9"><code>e60da49</code></a>
Add CI test job using LLVM's Address Sanitizer (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/891">#891</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/commit/28c770ac9623d78ce10c67d9bec013e0d3a43bcb"><code>28c770a</code></a>
Prepare release for Wasmi <code>v0.32.0-beta.4</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/paritytech/wasmi/issues/889">#889</a>)</li>
<li>Additional commits viewable in <a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/wasmi/compare/v0.31.0...v0.31.2">compare
view</a></li>
</ul>
</details>
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This change is mainly for people running the local variants. They can
directly start with async backing.

---------

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>

The PR contains small fixes for:
* A test `HostConfig v11` storage migration - v11 was compared with
itself instead of with `v10`.
* Outdated comment for `ClaimQueue`
* Typos

Removes the `bridges/snowbridge/parachain` directory and moves
everything up to under `snowbridge` directly. We are cleaning up our
local dev env after merging our crates into the polkadot-sdk.

---------

Co-authored-by: claravanstaden <Cats 4 life!>

Built on top of https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2826/
which was a trial run.

Guide:
https://github.com/w3f/polkadot-wiki/blob/master/docs/maintain/maintain-guides-async-backing.md

---------

Signed-off-by: georgepisaltu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Branislav Kontur <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Dónal Murray <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Dmitry Sinyavin <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: s0me0ne-unkn0wn <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Svyatoslav Nikolsky <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: georgepisaltu <[email protected]>

## TODO
- [x] change constants when CI fails (should fail :) )

## Result

On the AssetHubRococo: 1701175800126 -> 1700929825257 = 0.15 %
decreased.
```
# Before ( [xcm] Fix `SovereignPaidRemoteExporter` and `DepositAsset` handling (#3157))
Feb 02 12:59:05.520 ERROR bridges::estimate: `bridging::XcmBridgeHubRouterBaseFee` actual value: 1701175800126 for runtime: statemine-1006000 (statemine-0.tx14.au1)    

# After
Feb 02 13:02:40.647 ERROR bridges::estimate: `bridging::XcmBridgeHubRouterBaseFee` actual value: 1700929825257 for runtime: statemine-1006000 (statemine-0.tx14.au1)    

```

On the AssetHubWestend: 2116038876326 -> 1641718372993 = 22.4 %
decreased.
```
# Before ( [xcm] Fix `SovereignPaidRemoteExporter` and `DepositAsset` handling (#3157))
Feb 02 12:56:00.880 ERROR bridges::estimate: `bridging::XcmBridgeHubRouterBaseFee` actual value: 2116038876326 for runtime: westmint-1006000 (westmint-0.tx14.au1)    


# After
Feb 02 13:04:42.515 ERROR bridges::estimate: `bridging::XcmBridgeHubRouterBaseFee` actual value: 1641718372993 for runtime: westmint-1006000 (westmint-0.tx14.au1)    
```

Fixes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3165

---------

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>

Changes:
- Add three missing crates to the workspace

<s>claravanstaden are these two snowbridge crates supposed to go into
the workspace?</s> ✅
@alvicsam

 can you please make the `Check workspace` required?

Signed-off-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>

Related to https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3003 and
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2842

---------

Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>

# Description

While methods' names on [`VoteTally`][1] trait might be self-explanatory
at first sight, the distinction between `support` and `approval` can be
a bit ambiguous for some readers. This PR aims to clarify the
distinction and inform about the expected values for every not yet
documented method on this trait.

# Checklist

- [x] My PR includes a detailed description as outlined in the
"Description" section above
- [ ] My PR follows the [labeling requirements](CONTRIBUTING.md#Process)
of this project (at minimum one label for `T`
  required)
- [x] I have made corresponding changes to the documentation (if
applicable)
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works (if applicable)

[1]:
https://docs.rs/frame-support/latest/frame_support/traits/trait.VoteTally.html

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Fixup for https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2587 to make
the `core-fellowship` crate work with swapped members.

Adds a `MemberSwappedHandler` to the `ranked-collective` pallet that are
implemented by `core-fellowship+salary`.
There is are exhaustive tests
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/72aa7ac1/substrate/frame/core-fellowship/src/tests/integration.rs#L338)
and
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/ab3cdb05

/substrate/frame/salary/src/tests/integration.rs#L224)
to check that adding member `1` is equivalent to adding member `0` and
then swapping.

---------

Signed-off-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>

This PR addresses two issues:
- It modifies `DepositAsset`'s asset filter from `All` to
`AllCounted(1)` to prevent potentially charging excessive weight/fees.
This adjustment avoids situations where fees could be calculated based
on the count of assets, as illustrated
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/master/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/weights/xcm/mod.rs#L38-L46).
- It encapsulates `DepositAsset` with `SetAppendix` to ensure that
`fees` are not trapped in any case. For instance, this prevents issues
when `ExportXcm::validate` encounters an error during the processing of
`ExportMessage`.

Bumps [bounded-collections](https://github.com/paritytech/parity-common)
from 0.1.9 to 0.2.0.
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li>See full diff in <a
href="https://github.com/paritytech/parity-common/commits/impl-rlp-v0.2.0">compare
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</ul>
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Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <[email protected]>

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>

This fix aims to solve an issue in Kusama that resulted in failed
reserve asset transfers.

During multi-hop XCMs, like reserve asset transfers where the reserve is
not the sender nor the destination, but a third remote chain, the origin
is not available to pay for delivery fees out of their account directly,
so delivery fees should be paid out of transferred assets.

This commit also adds an xcm-emulator regression test that validates
this scenario is now working.

Signed-off-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Francisco Aguirre <[email protected]>

Usual chore after bumping Rust toolchain version.

Found it when trying to run: 
```
bot bench-all pallet --pallet=pallet_balances
```
https://gitlab.parity.io/parity/mirrors/polkadot-sdk/-/jobs/5081585

## TODO
- [x] check/fix command bot for `people-westend-dev` /
`people-rococo-dev`
https://github.com/paritytech/command-bot-scripts/pull/67

[frame] `#[pallet::composite_enum]` improved variant count handling + removed `pallet_balances`'s `MaxHolds` config (#2657)

I started this investigation/issue based on @liamaharon

 question
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1801#discussion_r1410452499).

## Problem

The `pallet_balances` integrity test should correctly detect that the
runtime has correct distinct `HoldReasons` variant count. I assume the
same situation exists for RuntimeFreezeReason.

It is not a critical problem, if we set `MaxHolds` with a sufficiently
large value, everything should be ok. However, in this case, the
integrity_test check becomes less useful.

**Situation for "any" runtime:**
- `HoldReason` enums from different pallets:
```rust
        /// from pallet_nis
        #[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason {
		NftReceipt,
	}

        /// from pallet_preimage
        #[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason {
		Preimage,
	}

        // from pallet_state-trie-migration
        #[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason {
		SlashForContinueMigrate,
		SlashForMigrateCustomTop,
		SlashForMigrateCustomChild,
	}
```

- generated `RuntimeHoldReason` enum looks like:
```rust
pub enum RuntimeHoldReason {

    #[codec(index = 32u8)]
    Preimage(pallet_preimage::HoldReason),

    #[codec(index = 38u8)]
    Nis(pallet_nis::HoldReason),

    #[codec(index = 42u8)]
    StateTrieMigration(pallet_state_trie_migration::HoldReason),
}
```

- composite enum `RuntimeHoldReason` variant count is detected as `3`
- we set `type MaxHolds = ConstU32<3>`
- `pallet_balances::integrity_test` is ok with `3`(at least 3)

However, the real problem can occur in a live runtime where some
functionality might stop working. This is due to a total of 5 distinct
hold reasons (for pallets with multi-instance support, it is even more),
and not all of them can be used because of an incorrect `MaxHolds`,
which is deemed acceptable according to the `integrity_test`:
  ```
  // pseudo-code - if we try to call all of these:

T::Currency::hold(&pallet_nis::HoldReason::NftReceipt.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;
T::Currency::hold(&pallet_preimage::HoldReason::Preimage.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;

T::Currency::hold(&pallet_state_trie_migration::HoldReason::SlashForContinueMigrate.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;

  // With `type MaxHolds = ConstU32<3>` these two will fail

T::Currency::hold(&pallet_state_trie_migration::HoldReason::SlashForMigrateCustomTop.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;

T::Currency::hold(&pallet_state_trie_migration::HoldReason::SlashForMigrateCustomChild.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;
  ```  


## Solutions

A macro `#[pallet::*]` expansion is extended of `VariantCount`
implementation for the `#[pallet::composite_enum]` enum type. This
expansion generates the `VariantCount` implementation for pallets'
`HoldReason`, `FreezeReason`, `LockId`, and `SlashReason`. Enum variants
must be plain enum values without fields to ensure a deterministic
count.

The composite runtime enum, `RuntimeHoldReason` and
`RuntimeFreezeReason`, now sets `VariantCount::VARIANT_COUNT` as the sum
of pallets' enum `VariantCount::VARIANT_COUNT`:
```rust
#[frame_support::pallet(dev_mode)]
mod module_single_instance {

	#[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason {
		ModuleSingleInstanceReason1,
		ModuleSingleInstanceReason2,
	}
...
}

#[frame_support::pallet(dev_mode)]
mod module_multi_instance {

	#[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason<I: 'static = ()> {
		ModuleMultiInstanceReason1,
		ModuleMultiInstanceReason2,
		ModuleMultiInstanceReason3,
	}
...
}


impl self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::traits::VariantCount
    for RuntimeHoldReason
{
    const VARIANT_COUNT: u32 = 0
        + module_single_instance::HoldReason::VARIANT_COUNT
        + module_multi_instance::HoldReason::<module_multi_instance::Instance1>::VARIANT_COUNT
        + module_multi_instance::HoldReason::<module_multi_instance::Instance2>::VARIANT_COUNT
        + module_multi_instance::HoldReason::<module_multi_instance::Instance3>::VARIANT_COUNT;
}
```

In addition, `MaxHolds` is removed (as suggested
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2657#discussion_r1443324573))
from `pallet_balances`, and its `Holds` are now bounded to
`RuntimeHoldReason::VARIANT_COUNT`. Therefore, there is no need to let
the runtime specify `MaxHolds`.


## For reviewers

Relevant changes can be found here:
- `substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/lib.rs` 
-  `substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/composite.rs`
-  `substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/composite.rs`
-
`substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/composite_helper.rs`
-
`substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/hold_reason.rs`
-
`substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/freeze_reason.rs`
- `substrate/frame/support/src/traits/misc.rs`

And the rest of the files is just about removed `MaxHolds` from
`pallet_balances`

## Next steps

Do the same for `MaxFreezes`
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2997.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Dónal Murray <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: gupnik <[email protected]>

Some more work regarding XCMv4. Two limits from v3 were not transferred
over, those are:
- The instructions limit
- The number of assets limit
Both of these are now in v4.

For some reason `AssetInstance` increased in size, don't know why CI
didn't catch that before.

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

The `parachains-common` contains a lots of constants and type
definitions which are used for `polkadot-sdk`'s testnet runtimes and
also for `polkadot-fellows`'s production [SP
runtimes](https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/runtimes/tree/main/system-parachains/constants).
This PR cleans `parachains-common` module to contain only common and
generic functionality.

Testnet-specific constants have been moved to the separate module
dedicated just for testnets:
`polkadot-sdk/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/constants/`


Part of: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3054

---------

Co-authored-by: georgepisaltu <[email protected]>

cc https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/issues/926

---------

Signed-off-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Dónal Murray <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Vladimir Istyufeev <[email protected]>

Add `Balances::force_adjust_total_issuance` as preparation for fixing
https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/runtimes/issues/147.
Important changes in `substrate/frame/balances/src/lib.rs`.

TODO:
- [x] Update weights

---------

Signed-off-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

fixes #675

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>