Step in https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/171

This PR adds `derive_impl` on all `frame_system` config impls for mock
runtimes. The overridden configs are maintained as of now to ensure
minimal changes.

---------

Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>

Currently the polkadot node will backoff from block authoring if
finality starts lagging. This PR disables this mechanism on production
networks (polkadot and kusama) and adds a flags to optionally force
enabling it.

We're going to bridge Polkadot Bridge Hub with [Polkadot Bulletin
chain](https://github.com/zdave-parity/polkadot-bulletin-chain) soon
(and Rococo Bridge Hub with 1:1 copy of Polkadot Bulletin chain even
sooner), so we need a variant for that chain in `NetworkId`. As
suggested, I'm adding a new variant for it to the `NetworkId` (we may
have used `ByGenesis(_)`, but decision was made to have a dedicated
variant for that).

Addresses #409.

This request has been raised by multiple community members - the ability
for the nomination pool root role to configure permissionless commission
claiming:

> Would it be possible to have a claim_commission_other extrinsic for
claiming commission of nomination pools permissionless?

This PR does not quite introduce this additional call, but amends
`do_claim_commission` to check a new `claim_permission` field in the
`Commission` struct, configured by an enum:

```
enum CommissionClaimPermission {
   Permissionless,
   Account(AccountId),
}
```
This can be optionally set in a bonded pool's
`commission.claim_permission` field:

```
struct BondedPool {
   commission: {
      <snip>
      claim_permission: Option<CommissionClaimPermission<T::AccountId>>,
   },
   <snip>
}
```

This is a new field and requires a migration to add it to existing
pools. This will be `None` on pool creation, falling back to the `root`
role having sole access to claim commission if it is not set; this is
the behaviour as it is today. Once set, the field _can_ be set to `None`
again.

#### Changes
- [x] Add `commision.claim_permission` field.
- [x] Add `can_claim_commission` and amend `do_claim_commission`.
- [x] Add `set_commission_claim_permission` call.
- [x] Test to cover new configs and call.
- [x] Add and amend benchmarks.
- [x] Generate new weights + slot into call
`set_commission_claim_permission`.
- [x] Add migration to introduce `commission.claim_permission`, bump
storage version.
- [x] Update Westend weights.
- [x] Migration working.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

Our executor currently only supports the WASM MVP feature set, however
nowadays when compiling WASM the Rust compiler has more features enabled
by default.

We do set the `-C target-cpu=mvp` flag to make sure that *our* code gets
compiled in a way that is compatible with our executor, however this
doesn't affect Rust's standard library crates (`std`, `core` and
`alloc`) which are by default precompiled and still can make use of
these extra features.

So in this PR we force the compiler to also compile the standard library
crates for us to make sure that they also only use the MVP features.

I've added the `WASM_BUILD_STD` environment variable which can be used
to disable this behavior if set to `0`.

Unfortunately this *will* slow down the compile times when building
runtimes, but there isn't much that we can do about that.

Fixes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1755

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

**Overview:**
Adding an extra malus variant focusing on disputing finalized blocks. It
will:
- wrap around approval-voting
- listen to `OverseerSignal::BlockFinalized` and when encountered start
a dispute for the `dispute_offset`th ancestor
- simply pass through all other messages and signals

Add zombienet tests testing various edgecases:
- disputing freshly finalized blocks
- disputing stale finalized blocks
- disputing eagerly pruned finalized blocks (might be separate PR)

**TODO:**
- [x] Register new malus variant
- [x] Simple pass through wrapper (approval-voting)
- [x] Simple network definition
- [x] Listen to block finalizations
- [x] Fetch ancestor hash
- [x] Fetch session index
- [x] Fetch candidate
- [x] Construct and send dispute message
- [x] zndsl test 1 checking that disputes on fresh finalizations resolve
valid Closes #1365
- [x] zndsl test 2 checking that disputes for too old finalized blocks
are not possible Closes #1364
- [ ] zndsl test 3 checking that disputes for candidates with eagerly
pruned relay parent state are handled correctly #1359 (deferred to a
separate PR)
- [x] Unit tests for new malus variant (testing cli etc)
- [x] Clean/streamline error handling
- [ ] ~~Ensure it tests properly on session boundaries~~

---------

Co-authored-by: Javier Viola <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Marcin S. <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Tsvetomir Dimitrov <[email protected]>

## Overview

This PR aligns the `spec_version` formatting to the [recent
changes](https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/runtimes/pull/26/files#diff-efa4caeb17487ecb13d8f5eb7863c3241d84afa2e73fbf25909a2ca89df0f362R142)
made for the Polkadot/Kusama runtimes.

It also backports the latest version `v1.4.0` bumps as `1_004_000`.

## Details

During the switch from `v0.9` to `v1.x`, the format of the
`spec_version` was modified from: `(M)m_ppp` for a runtime considered on
version `M.m.pp`. For instance `0.9.42` had a `spec_version` of `9420`.

With the transition to `v1.x`, the format was changed to a bigger number
(still `u32`) formatted as `MM_mm_ppp` where `1.2.3` would be stored as
`01_02_003`.

This PR aligns the format with that has been introduced in the
fellowship repo: `MMM_mmm_ppp`.

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Use non-zero weight limit in benchmarking `pallet_xcm::execute()` so the
given XCM actually executes.

closes #2194 

cc @mrcnski



---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

On extrinsics/call, ensure local XCM execution is complete/successful.
Otherwise, fail the extrinsic so that state changes don't get committed
to the db.

Added regression tests that fail without the fix.

fixes #2237

---------

Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>

Broken after #2446.

This moves the macro related re-exports to `__private` to make it more
obvious for downstream users that they are using an internal api.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

The out-dated version (bad tag) of [polkadot
image](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/ede4a362

/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/cumulus.yml#L31)
([docker
info](https://hub.docker.com/layers/paritypr/polkadot-debug/master/images/sha256:adb1658052cf671b50c90d5cece5c7a131efa1a95978249bd5cb85a5ad654f7a?context=explore))
was used. This PR fixes this.

See also:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2411#issuecomment-1822632724

Also adds an abstraction that allows asynchronous backends to be passed to `ChainApiSubsystem`
---------

Co-authored-by: Sebastian Kunert <[email protected]>

Deprecates `RewardDestination::Controller` variant.

- [x] `RewardDestination::Controller` annotated with `#[deprecated]`.
- [x] `Controller` variant is now handled the same way as `Stash` in
`payout_stakers`.
- [x] `set_payee` errors if `RewardDestination::Controller` is provided.
- [x] Added `update_payee` call to lazily migrate
`RewardDestination::Controller` `Payee` storage entries to
`RewardDestination::Account(controller)` .
- [x] `payout_stakers_dead_controller` has been removed from benches &
weights - was not used.
- [x] Tests no longer use `RewardDestination::Controller`.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Gonçalo Pestana <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: georgepisaltu <[email protected]>

Adding on top of the new builder pattern for creating XCM programs, I'm
adding some more APIs:

```rust
let paying_fees: Xcm<()> = Xcm::builder() // Only allow paying for fees
  .withdraw_asset() // First instruction has to load the holding register
  .buy_execution() // Second instruction has to be `buy_execution`
  .build();

let paying_fees_invalid: Xcm<()> = Xcm::builder()
  .withdraw_asset()
  .build(); // Invalid, need to pay for fees

let not_paying_fees: Xcm<()> = Xcm::builder_unpaid()
  .unpaid_execution() // Needed
  .withdraw_asset()
  .deposit_asset()
  .build();

let all_goes: Xcm<()> = Xcm::builder_unsafe() // You can do anything
  .withdraw_asset()
  .deposit_asset()
  .build();
```

The invalid bits are because the methods don't even exist on the types
that you'd want to call them on.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

Follow up from https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2370 to
add `output` positional argument to undying-collator.

cc @JoshOrndorff

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Hey guys, as discussed I've changed the name to a more general one
`PvfExecKind`, is this good or too general?
Creating this as a draft, I still have to fix the tests.

Closes #1585

Kusama address: FkB6QEo8VnV3oifugNj5NeVG3Mvq1zFbrUu4P5YwRoe5mQN

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Marcin S <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Marcin S <[email protected]>

The versioned migrations are already there in pallet nomination-pools:

https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/f6ee4781/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/src/migration.rs#L27-L48

Just updating the kitchensink runtime to point to them.

This is also nice because it points the dev to an example of how to use
`VersionedMigration`.

Missed in https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1672

cc @joepetrowski

Westend now successfully updated to `spec: 103000`, we **have to
remove** the session keys migration before the next release as it
doesn't gracefully handle reapplying it.

Refunding surplus happens anyway on xcm_executor::post_process(),
automatically refunding surplus to original_origin at the end of
execution. Since SovereignPaidRemoteExporter doesn't ClearOrigin, it can
simply rely on the automatic mechanism.

Furthermore, RefundSurplus instruction refunds _surplus_. Surplus exists
only as a result of Transact, SetErrorHandler or SetAppendix
instructions, none of which being part of the
SovereignPaidRemoteExporter XCM program. So surplus is always zero here
anyway.

The goal of this PR is to migrate Identity deposits from the Relay Chain
to a system parachain.

The problem I want to solve is that `IdentityOf` and `SubsOf` both store
an amount that's held in reserve as a storage deposit. When migrating to
a parachain, we can take a snapshot of the actual `IdentityInfo` and
sub-account mappings, but should migrate (off chain) the `deposit`s to
zero, since the chain (and by extension, accounts) won't have any funds
at genesis.

The good news is that we expect parachain deposits to be significantly
lower (possibly 100x) on the parachain. That is, a deposit of 21 DOT on
the Relay Chain would need 0.21 DOT on a parachain. This PR proposes to
migrate the deposits in the following way:

1. Introduces a new pallet with two extrinsics: 
- `reap_identity`: Has a configurable `ReapOrigin`, which would be set
to `EnsureSigned` on the Relay Chain (i.e. callable by anyone) and
`EnsureRoot` on the parachain (we don't want identities reaped from
there).
- `poke_deposit`: Checks what deposit the pallet holds (at genesis,
zero) and attempts to update the amount based on the calculated deposit
for storage data.
2. `reap_identity` clears all storage data for a `target` account and
unreserves their deposit.
3. A `ReapIdentityHandler` teleports the necessary DOT to the parachain
and calls `poke_deposit`. Since the parachain deposit is much lower, and
was just unreserved, we know we have enough.

One awkwardness I ran into was that the XCMv3 instruction set does not
provide a way for the system to teleport assets without a fee being
deducted on reception. Users shouldn't have to pay a fee for the system
to migrate their info to a more efficient location. So I wrote my own
program and did the `InitiateTeleport` accounting on my own to send a
program with `UnpaidExecution`. Have discussed an
`InitiateUnpaidTeleport` instruction with @franciscoaguirre

 . Obviously
any chain executing this would have to pass a `Barrier` for free
execution.

TODO:

- [x] Confirm People Chain ParaId
- [x] Confirm People Chain deposit rates (determined in
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2281)
- [x] Add pallet to Westend

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Disallow reserve transfers that use teleportable fees if `(origin,
fees)` matches `XcmTeleportFilter`.

Add regression tests for filtering based on `XcmTeleportFilter` for both
`(limited_)reserve_transfer_assets()` and `(limited_)teleport_assets`
extrinsics.

This PR introduces:
- XCM  host functions `xcm_send`, `xcm_execute`
- An Xcm trait into the config. that proxy these functions to to
`pallet_xcm`, or disable their usage by using `()`.
- A mock_network and xcm_test files to test the newly added xcm-related
functions.

---------

Co-authored-by: Keith Yeung <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Sasha Gryaznov <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Francisco Aguirre <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Theißen <[email protected]>

Adds a `NodeFeatures` bitfield value to the runtime `HostConfiguration`,
with the purpose of coordinating the enabling of node-side features,
such as: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/628 and
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/598.
These are features that require all validators enable them at the same
time, assuming all/most nodes have upgraded their node versions.

This PR doesn't add any feature yet. These are coming in future PRs.

Also adds a runtime API for querying the state of the client features
and an extrinsic for setting/unsetting a feature by its index in the bitfield.

Note: originally part of:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1644, but posted as
standalone to be reused by other PRs until the initial PR is merged

Fixes #1437

Co-authored-by: Sophia Gold <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Marcin S <[email protected]>

## Problem/Motivation
The benchmark for the `ExpectPallet` XCM instruction uses a hard-coded
version `4.0.0` for the `frame_system` pallet. Unfortunately, this
doesn't work for the `polkadot-fellows/runtimes` repository, where we
use dependencies from `crates.io`, e.g.,
[frame-system::23.0.0.0](https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/runtimes/blob/dd7f86f0d50064481ed0b7c0218494a5cfad997e/relay/kusama/Cargo.toml#L83).

Closes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2284 

## Solution
This PR fixes the benchmarks that require pallet information and enables
the runtime to provide the correct/custom pallet information. The
default implementation provides `frame_system::Pallet` with index `0`,
where the version is not hard-coded but read from the runtime.


## Local testing

Added log for `T::valid_pallet` to the benchmarks like:
```
let valid_pallet = T::valid_pallet();
log::info!(
	target: "frame::benchmark::pallet",
	"valid_pallet: {}::{}::{}::{}::{}",
	valid_pallet.index,
	valid_pallet.module_name,
	valid_pallet.crate_version.major,
	valid_pallet.crate_version.minor,
	valid_pallet.crate_version.patch,
);
```

Run benchmarks for `westend`:
```
cargo run --bin=polkadot --features=runtime-benchmarks -- benchmark pallet --steps=2 --repeat=1 --extrinsic=* --heap-pages=4096 --json-file=./bench.json --chain=westend-dev --template=./polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs --pallet=pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic --output=./polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/xcm
```

---

For actual `frame_system` version:
```
[package]
name = "frame-system"
version = "4.0.0-dev"
```

Log dump:
```
2023-11-13 12:56:45 Starting benchmark: pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic::query_pallet    
2023-11-13 12:56:45 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::4::0::0    
2023-11-13 12:56:45 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::4::0::0    
2023-11-13 12:56:45 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::4::0::0    
2023-11-13 12:56:45 Starting benchmark: pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic::expect_pallet    
2023-11-13 12:56:45 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::4::0::0    
2023-11-13 12:56:45 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::4::0::0    
2023-11-13 12:56:45 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::4::0::0 
```


For changed `frame_system` version:
```
[package]
name = "frame-system"
version = "5.1.3-dev"
```

Log dump:
```
2023-11-13 12:51:51 Starting benchmark: pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic::query_pallet    
2023-11-13 12:51:51 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::5::1::3    
2023-11-13 12:51:51 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::5::1::3    
2023-11-13 12:51:51 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::5::1::3    
2023-11-13 12:51:51 Starting benchmark: pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic::expect_pallet    
2023-11-13 12:51:51 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::5::1::3    
2023-11-13 12:51:51 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::5::1::3    
2023-11-13 12:51:51 valid_pallet: 0::frame_system::5::1::3
```

## References

Closes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2284

Collators were previously reencoding the available data and checking the
erasure root.
Replace that with just checking the PoV hash, which consumes much less
CPU and takes less time.

We also don't need to check the `PersistedValidationData` hash, as
collators don't use it.

Reason:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/575#issuecomment-1806572230

After systematic chunks recovery is merged, collators will no longer do
any reed-solomon encoding/decoding, which has proven to be a great CPU
consumer.

Signed-off-by: alindima <[email protected]>

## Motivation

`pallet-xcm` is the main user-facing interface for XCM functionality,
including assets manipulation functions like `teleportAssets()` and
`reserve_transfer_assets()` calls.

While `teleportAsset()` works both ways, `reserve_transfer_assets()`
works only for sending reserve-based assets to a remote destination and
beneficiary when the reserve is the _local chain_.

## Solution

This PR enhances `pallet_xcm::(limited_)reserve_withdraw_assets` to
support transfers when reserves are other chains.
This will allow complete, **bi-directional** reserve-based asset
transfers user stories using `pallet-xcm`.

Enables following scenarios:
- transferring assets with local reserve (was previously supported iff
asset used as fee also had local reserve - now it works in all cases),
- transferring assets with reserve on destination,
- transferring assets with reserve on remote/third-party chain (iff
assets and fees have same remote reserve),
- transferring assets with reserve different than the reserve of the
asset to be used as fees - meaning can be used to transfer random asset
with local/dest reserve while using DOT for fees on all involved chains,
even if DOT local/dest reserve doesn't match asset reserve,
- transferring assets with any type of local/dest reserve while using
fees which can be teleported between involved chains.

All of the above is done by pallet inner logic without the user having
to specify which scenario/reserves/teleports/etc. The correct scenario
and corresponding XCM programs are identified, and respectively, built
automatically based on runtime configuration of trusted teleporters and
trusted reserves.

#### Current limitations:
- while `fees` and "non-fee" `assets` CAN have different reserves (or
fees CAN be teleported), the remaining "non-fee" `assets` CANNOT, among
themselves, have different reserve locations (this is also implicitly
enforced by `MAX_ASSETS_FOR_TRANSFER=2`, but this can be safely
increased in the future).
- `fees` and "non-fee" `assets` CANNOT have **different remote**
reserves (this could also be supported in the future, but adds even more
complexity while possibly not being worth it - we'll see what the future
holds).

Fixes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1584
Fixes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2055

---------

Co-authored-by: Francisco Aguirre <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Branislav Kontur <[email protected]>

Remove the `GRANDPA_AUTHORITIES_KEY` key and its usage. Apparently this
was used in the early days to communicate the grandpa authorities to the
node. However, we have now a runtime api that does this for us. So, this
pull request is moving from the custom managed storage item to a FRAME
managed storage item.

This pr also includes a migration for doing the switch on a running
chain.

---------

Co-authored-by: Davide Galassi <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

We are introducing a new set of `XcmController` traits (final name yet
to be determined).
These traits are implemented by `pallet-xcm` and allows other pallets,
such as `pallet_contracts`, to rely on these traits instead of tight
coupling them to `pallet-xcm`.

Using only the existing Xcm traits would mean duplicating the logic from
`pallet-xcm` in these other pallets, which we aim to avoid. Our
objective is to ensure that when these APIs are called from
`pallet-contracts`, they produce the exact same outcomes as if called
directly from `pallet-xcm`.

The other benefits is that we can also expose return values to
`pallet-contracts` instead of just calling `pallet-xcm` dispatchable and
getting a `DispatchResult` back.

See traits integration in this PR
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1248, where the traits
are used as follow to define and implement `pallet-contracts` Config.
```rs
// Contracts config:
pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
  // ...

  /// A type that exposes XCM APIs, allowing contracts to interact with other parachains, and
  /// execute XCM programs.
  type Xcm: xcm_executor::traits::Controller<
	  OriginFor<Self>,
	  <Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeCall,
	  BlockNumberFor<Self>,
  >;
}

// implementation
impl pallet_contracts::Config for Runtime {
        // ...

	type Xcm = pallet_xcm::Pallet<Self>;
}
```

---------

Co-authored-by: Alexander Theißen <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>