* client/*: Treat protocol name as str and not [u8]

Notification protocol names are in practice always valid utf8 strings.
Instead of treating them as such in the type system, thus far they were
casted to a [u8] at creation time.

With this commit protocol names are instead treated as valid utf8
strings throughout the codebase and passed as `Cow<'static, str>`
instead of `Cow<'static, [u8]>`. Among other things this eliminates the
need for string casting when logging.

* client/network: Don't allocate when protocol name is borrowed

* session: runtime api for generating session membership proofs

* grandpa: add runtime api for creating equivocation report txs

* grandpa: submit signed equivocation report transactions

* grandpa: use proper equivocation report type

* grandpa: report equivocations

* grandpa: validate equivocation proof

* grandpa: update to finality-grandpa 0.9.1

* grandpa: fix encoding of session membership proof

* grandpa: initialize set id session mapping for genesis session

* grandpa: fix bug in set_id session validation

* fix compilation

* cleanup from merge conflicts

* cleanup crate tomls

* grandpa: refactor equivocation handling to separate trait

* node-template: fix compilation

* fix test compilation

* bump finality-grandpa to v0.10.2

* rpc: fix runtime version test

* CHERRY-PICK #4200: Add documentation to SubmitSignedTransaction and actually make it work

Squashed commit of the following:

commit dc8d71c3
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Tue Dec 3 16:29:33 2019 +0100

    Split the method to avoid confusing type error message.

commit 0c4c0378
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Tue Dec 3 16:19:55 2019 +0100

    Make accounts optional, fix logic.

commit d715f645
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Tue Dec 3 10:06:20 2019 +0100

    Remove warning.

commit 3f38218a
Merge: f85b8903 368318c9
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Tue Dec 3 07:08:05 2019 +0100

    Merge branch 'master' into td-signed-transactions

commit f85b8903
Merge: f8c95403 d8d5da2c
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Dec 2 13:57:25 2019 +0100

    Merge branch 'master' into td-signed-transactions

commit f8c95403
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Nov 25 17:34:52 2019 +0100

    Forgotten import.

commit a645b90d
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Nov 25 17:32:10 2019 +0100

    Fix naming and bounds.

commit bc28c605
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Nov 25 17:01:05 2019 +0100

    Add documentation to signed transactions and actually make them work.

* grandpa: skip block initialization on report submission method

* primitives: allow transaction pool access by default for offchain calls

* grandpa: unused parameters

* grandpa: remove unused method

* grandpa: enable equivocation reporting

* grandpa: add workaround for parameter encoding

* grandpa: fix localized_payload calls in tests

* fix submit_report_equivocation_extrinsic in runtimes

* node: fix submit transaction test compilation

* node: bump spec_version

* rpc: fix api version test

* grandpa: allow custom equivocation offence type

* grandpa: add test for authorities::next_change_height

* grandpa: cleanup report_equivocation function

* node: move reporting app crypto to node-primitives

* grandpa: move equivocation traits to own module

* grandpa: rename app-crypto crate import

* grandpa: export equivocation types

* node: bump spec_version

* grandpa: rename EquivocationReport to EquivocationProof

* grandpa: add missing docs to primitives

* grandpa: add missing docs to equivocation

* node: fix compilation

* grandpa: add missing docs to pallet

* node: bump spec_version

* fix whitespace

* grandpa: return error on offence reporting

* grandpa: expose session and validator count in proofs through traits

* grandpa: use strong key in module KeyOwnerProofSystem

* grandpa: move key ownership proof to grandpa runtime api

* grandpa: remove unnecessary cloning when checking equivocation proof

* grandpa: make report_equivocation a method in Environment

* support: implement KeyOwnerProofSystem for ()

* grandpa: move KeyOwnerProofSystem to module trait

* test-utils: fix runtime compilation

* grandpa: fix test compilation

* grandpa: fix test compilation after merge

* grandpa: simplify transaction submission types

* grandpa: validate equivocation report in signed extension

* client: fix test

* node: use ValidateEquivocationReport signed extension

* grandpa: expose key ownership proof under opaque type

* grandpa: better docs on key ownership proofs

* grandpa: add note about signed extension

* grandpa: add ValidateEquivocationReport::new

* grandpa: remove skip_initialize_block from runtime api

* grandpa: use new offchain transaction submission API

* grandpa: take set_id in generate_key_ownership_proof

* grandpa: update to finality-grandpa v0.12.2

* grandpa: cleanup usages of AuthoritySet::current

* grandpa: fix test

* grandpa: add mocking utilities for equivocation reporting

* grandpa: add test for equivocation reporting

* grandpa: move SetIdSession initialization

* grandpa: add more tests

* node: enable historical session manager

* node: bump spec_version

* node: use strong key types in KeyOwnerProofSystem definitions

* grandpa: export GrandpaEquivocationOffence type

* grandpa: update to v0.12.0

* grandpa: fix tests

* grandpa: better validation of authority set invariants

* grandpa: avoid duplicating invalid authority list check

* grandpa: add missing doc

* grandpa: better validation of expect proofs

* grandpa: fix test compilation

* grandpa: fix tests

* grandpa: add test for AuthoritySet invariants

* grandpa: bump finality-grandpa to v0.12.0

This PR refactors the metrics measuring and Prometheus exposing entity in sc-service into its own submodule and extends the parameters it exposes by:

- system load average (over one, five and 15min)
- the TCP connection state of the process (lsof), refs #5304
- number of tokio threads
- number of known forks
- counter for items in each unbounded queue (with internal unbounded channels)
- number of file descriptors opened by this process (*nix only at this point)
- number of system threads (*nix only at this point)

refs #4679

Co-authored-by: Max Inden <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Ashley <[email protected]>

* Split the Roles bitfield in three

* Forgot to include some changes

* Fix cli test

* More test fixes

* Oh God, merging master broke other tests

* Didn't run the doctests

* Address review

* I'm trying to fix the build blindly because it's taking a good hour to compile on my machine

* Address some review

* Also update the peerset's API to make sense

* Fix peerset tests

* Fix browser node

* client: distinguish between local and network authority

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

env_logger::init() can lead to panics on concurrent test execution.

See: https://gitlab.parity.io/parity/substrate/-/jobs/422283

* client/finality-grandpa: Add Prometheus metrics to GossipValidator

Instrument finality grandpa `GossipValidator` exposing count of messages
validated by message type and message action.

```
\# HELP substrate_finality_grandpa_communication_gossip_validator_messages Number of messages validated by the finality grandpa gossip validator.
\# TYPE substrate_finality_grandpa_communication_gossip_validator_messages counter
substrate_finality_grandpa_communication_gossip_validator_messages{action="discard",message="neighbor"} 39
substrate_finality_grandpa_communication_gossip_validator_messages{action="keep",message="vote"} 28
```

* client/finality-grandpa: Add None as Prometheus registry in tests

* client/finality-granpda/src/communication: Refactor metric registration

* Use CLI to configure max instances cache

* Fix tests

* Move default value into CLI

* Use SmallVec

* Apply review comments

* Get rid of `SmallVec`

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* grandpa: only gossip commits to peers on the same set

* grandpa: track commits uniquely by round and set

* grandpa: fix communication test

* grandpa: add tests for commit gossip handling

* grandpa: add missing docs

* Open one substream for each notifications protocol

* Fix WASM build

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Toralf Wittner <[email protected]>

* Address concerns

* Use unsigned-varint to read the varint

* Use unsigned-varint

* Forgot Cargo.lock

Co-authored-by: Toralf Wittner <[email protected]>

`GossipEngine` spawns two tasks, one for a periodic tick, one to forward
messages from the network to subscribers. These tasks hold an `Arc` to a
`GossipEngineInner`.

To reduce the amount of shared ownership (locking) this patch integrates
the two tasks into a `Future` implementation on the `GossipEngine`
struct. This `Future` implementation can now be called from a single
owner, e.g. the `finality-grandpa` `NetworkBridge`.

As a side effect this removes the requirement on the `network-gossip`
crate to spawn tasks and thereby removes the requirement on the
`finality-grandpa` crate to spawn any tasks.

This is part of a greater effort to reduce the number of owners of
components within `finality-grandpa`, `network` and `network-gossip` as
well as to reduce the amount of unbounded channels. For details see
d4fbb897, f0c18520 and 5afc7777.

* client/finality-grandpa: Add regression test observer polling network

Ensure `Future` implementation of `ObserverWork` is polling its
`NetworkBridge`. Regression test for bug introduced in d4fbb897 and
fixed in 7d58ceeb

.

When polled, `NetworkBridge` forwards reputation change requests from
the `GossipValidator` to the underlying `dyn Network`. This test
triggers a reputation change by calling `GossipValidator::validate` with
an invalid gossip message. After polling the `ObserverWork` which should
poll the `NetworkBridge`, the reputation change should be forwarded to
the test network.

* Nits

Co-authored-by: Max Inden <[email protected]>

* Switch GrandPa to new futures

* Work on making tests work

* until_imported tests working again

* Work on switching tests to stable futures

* Modifications

* Re-add test as #[ignore]

* Don't ignore

* Add manual unpins

* Remove Header import

* Return concrete Sink type

* Switch to crates.io finality-grandpa version

* Remove use statement that slipped in

* Fix some nitpicks

* Remove unpin from i

* Fixed typo

* Move futures01 to dev-deps

* Fix nitpicks

* Update client/finality-grandpa/src/communication/mod.rs

Co-Authored-By: André Silva <[email protected]>

* nitpicking

Co-authored-by: Pierre Krieger <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* client/finality-grandpa: Reintegrate gossip validator report stream

The `finality-grandpa` `GossipValidator` is called by the `GossipEngine`
in a synchronous fashion on each gossip message. Its main task is to
decide whether to gossip the given message on, or whether to drop it.

In addition it also updates the reputation of a node's peers based on
the incoming gossip messages. To do so it needs to be able to report the
reputation change which it does through an unbounded channel (in order
to stay synchronous).

Previously the receiving side of this channel would be handled by a new
task, polling the channel and forwarding the changes to a clone of the
`GossipEngine` that it would own.

Instead the receiver of the above mentioned channel is now being polled
by the `NetworkBridge` within its `Future::poll` implementation.
Reputation changes are reported through the already existing
`GossipEngine` instance within `NetworkBridge`.

For details on the overall goal, see d4fbb897.

* client/finality-grandpa: Remove exit future from test NetworkBridges

* Implement local_peer_id for gossip

* refactor local_peer_id

* fix

* reset gossip

* Update tests.rs

* fix ci

* fix review

* fix Cargo.lock

* fix Cargo.lock

The finality-grandpa module needs two sets of functionalities from the
network:

1. Everything gossip related, e.g. event_stream, write_notification, ...

2. The ability to set a fork sync request for a specific block hash.

Instead of embedding (2) inside of (1) this patch extracts (2) from (1)
having finality-grandpa depend on a `Network` that fulfills the
`network_gossip::Network` trait and that can set block sync requests.

On the one hand this improves the overall structure splitting things
that don't logically belong together. On the other hand it does
reintroduce a lot of trait bounds within finality-grandpa.

* Rename: Phase 1.

* Unify codec.

* Fixing: Phase 2

* Fixing: Phase 3.

* Fixing: Phase 4.

* Fixing: Phase 5.

* Fixing: Phase 6.

* Fixing: Phase 7.

* Fixing: Phase 8. Tests

* Fixing: Phase 9. Tests!!!

* Fixing: Phase 10. Moar tests!

* Finally done!

* More fixes.

* Rename primitives:: to sp_core::

* Apply renames in finality-grandpa.

* Fix benches.

* Fix benches 2.

* Revert node-template.

* Fix frame-system in our modules.

* Extract gossiping system from network

* Finish porting GRANDPA tests

* Try put correct engine ID

* Fix messages encoding

* Fix communication tests

* Use a threads pool to spawn stuff

* Fix compilation everywhere

* Fix bad merge conflict

* Remove dependency on async-std

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Robert Habermeier <[email protected]>

* More suggestions

* Remove network startup GP future

* Update to futures_timer

* adjust wait_when_behind test

* Pass correct Roles after handshake

* Revert "adjust wait_when_behind test"

This reverts commit 9e310244.

* Crate root documentation

* Remove MessageRecipient

* Address concerns

* Fix more concerns

* Forgot Cargo.lock

* take test-client off sp-consensus

* use test primitives rather than test client in authority discovery tests

* move runtime-interface tests

* don't forget to remove the dev-dependency

* remove more unneeded dev deps

* add changes_trie_config to test prrimitives

* Separate network crates from its integration tests

* Fix up consensus crates for networking test changes

* remove unnecessary dependencies

* remove unused addition

* remove unnecessary dev-dependencies

* fixing finality grandpa tests

* removing unnecessary executor dependencies

* updated exit-future (github repo)

* Switch to broadcast crate

* Migrate client/cli

* Switch exit-future to modernize branch

* Small changes

* Switch to cargo version and fix fg tests

* Revert "Small changes"

This reverts commit a4881068.

* Adding script for rename, could be applicable for nodes on top of it, too

* add stderr and gitlab ci features

* apply script

* fix now minor details in expected stderr

* Update the Cargo.lock

* fix name: sc-transaction -> sc-tracing

* fix rename in script, too

* Adding first rough ouline of the repository structure

* Remove old CI stuff

* add title

* formatting fixes

* move node-exits job's script to scripts dir

* Move docs into subdir

* move to bin

* move maintainence scripts, configs and helpers into its own dir

* add .local to ignore

* move core->client

* start up 'test' area

* move test client

* move test runtime

* make test move compile

* Add dependencies rule enforcement.

* Fix indexing.

* Update docs to reflect latest changes

* Moving /srml->/paint

* update docs

* move client/sr-* -> primitives/

* clean old readme

* remove old broken code in rhd

* update lock

* Step 1.

* starting to untangle client

* Fix after merge.

* start splitting out client interfaces

* move children and blockchain interfaces

* Move trie and state-machine to primitives.

* Fix WASM builds.

* fixing broken imports

* more interface moves

* move backend and light to interfaces

* move CallExecutor

* move cli off client

* moving around more interfaces

* re-add consensus crates into the mix

* fix subkey path

* relieve client from executor

* starting to pull out client from grandpa

* move is_decendent_of out of client

* grandpa still depends on client directly

* lemme tests pass

* rename srml->paint

* Make it compile.

* rename interfaces->client-api

* Move keyring to primitives.

* fixup libp2p dep

* fix broken use

* allow dependency enforcement to fail

* move fork-tree

* Moving wasm-builder

* make env

* move build-script-utils

* fixup broken crate depdencies and names

* fix imports for authority discovery

* fix typo

* update cargo.lock

* fixing imports

* Fix paths and add missing crates

* re-add missing crates

* grandpa: remove the periodic block announcer

* grandpa: remove periodic block announcer test

This reverts commit c3b1a983.

* grandpa: Write Grandpa authorities to well known key.

Instead of requiring execution proofs for Grandpa authorities, this
enables much simpler storage proofs.

* grandpa: Introduce named AuthorityList type.

* grandpa: Storage migration for srml-grandpa module.

* Remove no-longer-used GrandpaApi runtime API.

* grandpa: Write AuthorityList to storage with encoding version.

We expect the AuthorityList type may change (eg. key changes). To make
upgrades smoother, include a version in the stored value.

* Bump node runtime spec version.

* Update srml/grandpa/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: André Silva <[email protected]>

* grandpa: fix handling of catch-up requests

* grandpa: fix tests

* grandpa: add test for catch-up handling when observer disabled

* grandpa: extend doc comment

* grandpa: rename existing catch up test

* core/finality-grandpa: Pass Grandpa msg sender up to UntilImported

* core/finality-grandpa: Track senders to maybe later request blocks

* core/finality-grandpa: Make BlockStatus pub only within crate

* core/finality-grandpa: Abstract NetworkBridge with BlockSyncRequester

* core/finality-grandpa: Pass BlockSyncRequester to UntilImported

* core/finality-grandpa: Track block number of pending within UntilImported

* core/finality-grandpa: Request block sync on long wait

* core/finality-grandpa: Adjust unit tests to previous changes

* core/finality-grandpa: Fix line length

* core/finality-grandpa: Add comment explaining in & out vote combination

* core/finality-grandpa: Log after, not before, timeout expired

The UntilImported component should log whenever waiting for a specific
block to be imported surpassed a defined constant timeout. Without this
patch the code would log whenever the current time was below the
timeout.

* core/finality-grandpa: Collect senders as HashSet for deduplication

* Revert "core/finality-grandpa: Track senders to maybe later request blocks"

This reverts commit 61ac9dd7.

* Revert "core/finality-grandpa: Pass Grandpa msg sender up to UntilImported"

This reverts commit afdc9646.

* core/network/sync: Ask for block from all peers if none provided

When requesting an explicit fork sync, try to sync from all known peers,
when no specific peers were provided.

* core/network/sync: Request specific fork sync from peers ahead or on par

When making an explicit fork sync request without specifying any peers,
make sure to only request it from the locally known peers that are
either ahead or on a par compared to the block number we are looking
for.

* grandpa: fix tests

* grandpa: fix warnings

* grandpa: add test for block sync request on until_imported

* grandpa: rename Environment field inner to client

* grandpa: fix minor nits

* grandpa: minor nits in until_imported

* grandpa: copy docs for set_sync_fork_request

* grandpa: remove stale TODO on UntilImported

* grandpa: don't expire next round messages

* grandpa: fix test

* grandpa: first round in set is 1

* grandpa: fix test

* grandpa: update doc

* Add `BlockAnnounceValidator` trait.

* Add associated data to block announcement.

* Make tests compile.

* Move validator into `sync.rs`.

* Smaller changes.

* Update core/network/src/protocol.rs

Co-Authored-By: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* Update core/network/src/protocol.rs

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Update core/network/src/test/sync.rs

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Formatting.

* Remove assoc. data from `BlockImportNotification`.

* Use `Option<Vec<u8>>` for associated data.

* Update core/network/src/protocol/sync.rs

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Fix type error.

* grandpa: reannounce latest voted blocks periodically

* grandpa: add test for background block announcement

* grandpa: configurable delay for background block announcer

* grandpa: nits

* grandpa: only send catch-up requests to authorities

* grandpa: fix gossip tests

* grandpa: test sending catch-up requests only to authorities

* grandpa: fix catch-up test

* grandpa: apply suggestions from code review

André Silva authored Aug 23, 2019 and asynchronous rob committed Aug 23, 2019

* grandpa: don't send catch up requests when running GRANDPA observer

* grandpa: fix tests

* grandpa: add tests for catch up requests

* grandpa: track multiple live rounds in voter set state

* grandpa: don't assume rounds are completed in-order

* grandpa: fix tests

* grandpa: don't assume round is being tracked on Environment::completed

* grandpa: fix missing import in test

* Add Call type to extensible transactions.

Cleanup some naming

* Merge Resource and BlockExhausted into just Exhausted

* Fix

* Another fix

* Call

* Some fixes

* Fix srml tests.

* Fix all tests.

* Refactor crypto so each application of it has its own type.

* Introduce new AuthorityProvider API into Aura

This will eventually allow for dynamic determination of authority
keys and avoid having to set them directly on CLI.

* Introduce authority determinator for Babe.

Experiment with modular consensus API.

* Work in progress to introduce KeyTypeId and avoid polluting API
with validator IDs

* Finish up drafting imonline

* Rework offchain workers API.

* Rework API implementation.

* Make it compile for wasm, simplify app_crypto.

* Fix compilation of im-online.

* Fix compilation of im-online.

* Fix more compilation errors.

* Make it compile.

* Fixing tests.

* Rewrite `keystore`

* Fix session tests

* Bring back `TryFrom`'s'

* Fix `srml-grandpa`

* Fix `srml-aura`

* Fix consensus babe

* More fixes

* Make service generate keys from dev_seed

* Build fixes

* Remove offchain tests

* More fixes and cleanups

* Fixes finality grandpa

* Fix `consensus-aura`

* Fix cli

* Fix `node-cli`

* Fix chain_spec builder

* Fix doc tests

* Add authority getter for grandpa.

* Test fix

* Fixes

* Make keystore accessible from the runtime

* Move app crypto to its own crate

* Update `Cargo.lock`

* Make the crypto stuff usable from the runtime

* Adds some runtime crypto tests

* Use last finalized block for grandpa authority

* Fix warning

* Adds `SessionKeys` runtime api

* Remove `FinalityPair` and `ConsensusPair`

* Minor governance tweaks to get it inline with docs.

* Make the governance be up to date with the docs.

* Build fixes.

* Generate the inital session keys

* Failing keystore is a hard error

* Make babe work again

* Fix grandpa

* Fix tests

* Disable `keystore` in consensus critical stuff

* Build fix.

* ImOnline supports multiple authorities at once.

* Update core/application-crypto/src/ed25519.rs

* Merge branch 'master' into gav-in-progress

* Remove unneeded code for now.

* Some `session` testing

* Support querying the public keys

* Cleanup offchain

* Remove warnings

* More cleanup

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

* More cleanups

* JSONRPC API for setting keys.

Also, rename traits::KeyStore* -> traits::BareCryptoStore*

* Bad merge

* Fix integration tests

* Fix test build

* Test fix

* Fixes

* Warnings

* Another warning

* Bump version.

* WIP: update codec

* WIP

* compiling

* WIP

* rename parity-scale-codec to codec

* WIP

* fix

* remove old comments

* use published crates

* fix expected error msg

* bump version

* fmt and fix

* remove old comment

* fix wrong decoding impl

* implement encode like for structures

* undo removal of old pending changes

* trailingzeroinput

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-Authored-By: DemiMarie-parity <[email protected]>

* update codec

* fmt

* version is 1.0.0

* show more error

* fmt