See 
https://github.com/paritytech/ink/pull/1912
https://github.com/paritytech/ink-docs/pull/338

Revert "pallet-xcm: Deprecate `execute` and `send` in favor of
`execute_blob` and `send_blob` (#3749)"

This reverts commit feee773d

.

---------

Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Javier Bullrich <[email protected]>

- Moved `substrate/frame/contracts/src/tests/builder.rs` into a pub
test_utils module, so we can use that in the
`pallet-contracts-mock-network` tests
- Refactor xcm tests to use XCM builders, and simplify the use case for
xcm-send

Add verify statement to ensure that benchmarks call do not revert

Also updated
[benchmarks](https://weights.tasty.limo/compare?unit=time&ignore_errors=true&threshold=10&method=asymptotic&repo=polkadot-sdk&old=master&new=pg/verify-benchmarks&path_pattern=substrate%2Fframe%2Fcontracts%2Fsrc%2Fweights.rs)

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

- Update internal logic so that the storage_base_deposit does not
include ED
- add v16 migration to update ContractInfo struct with this change

Before:
<img width="820" alt="Screenshot 2024-03-21 at 11 23 29"
src="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/assets/521091/a0a8df0d-e743-42c5-9e16-cf2ec1aa949c">

After:
![Screenshot 2024-03-21 at 11 23
42](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/assets/521091/593235b0-b866-4915-b653-2071d793228b)

---------

Co-authored-by: Cyrill Leutwiler <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

Reuse wasmi Module when validating.
Prepare the code for 0.32 and the addition of Module::new_unchecked

[Weights
compare](https://weights.tasty.limo/compare?unit=weight&ignore_errors=true&threshold=10&method=asymptotic&repo=polkadot-sdk&old=master&new=pg%2Fbench_tweaks&path_pattern=substrate%2Fframe%2F**%2Fsrc%2Fweights.rs%2Cpolkadot%2Fruntime%2F*%2Fsrc%2Fweights%2F**%2F*.rs%2Cpolkadot%2Fbridges%2Fmodules%2F*%2Fsrc%2Fweights.rs%2Ccumulus%2F**%2Fweights%2F*.rs%2Ccumulus%2F**%2Fweights%2Fxcm%2F*.rs%2Ccumulus%2F**%2Fsrc%2Fweights.rs)

Note: Raw weights change does not mean much here, as this PR reduce the
scope of what is benchmarked, they are therefore decreased by a good
margin. One should instead print the Schedule using

cargo test --features runtime-benchmarks bench_print_schedule --
--nocapture
or following the instructions from the
[README](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/tree/pg/bench_tweaks/substrate/frame/contracts#schedule)
for looking at the Schedule of a specific runtime

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

Current benchmarking macro returns a closure with the captured
benchmarked code.
This can cause issues when the benchmarked code has complex lifetime
requirements.

This PR updates the existing macro by injecting the recording parameter
and invoking the start / stop method around the benchmarked block
instead of returning a closure

One other added benefit is that you can write this kind of code now as
well:

```rust
let v;
#[block]
{ v = func.call(); }
dbg!(v); // or assert something on v
```


[Weights compare
link](https://weights.tasty.limo/compare?unit=weight&ignore_errors=true&threshold=10&method=asymptotic&repo=polkadot-sdk&old=pg/fix-weights&new=pg/bench_update&path_pattern=substrate/frame/**/src/weights.rs,polkadot/runtime/*/src/weights/**/*.rs,polkadot/bridges/modules/*/src/weights.rs,cumulus/**/weights/*.rs,cumulus/**/weights/xcm/*.rs,cumulus/**/src/weights.rs)

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Theißen <[email protected]>

Fix some broken legacy definitions of pallet_contracts_uapi storage host
functions

Update the Contracts API to use `WeightMeter`, as it simplifies the code
and makes it easier to reason about, rather than taking a mutable weight
or returning a tuple with the weight consumed

---------

Co-authored-by: Alexander Theißen <[email protected]>

This MR contains two major changes and some maintenance cleanup.  

## 1. Free Standing Pallet Benchmark Runner

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3045, depends
on your runtime exposing the `GenesisBuilderApi` (like
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1492).

Introduces a new binary crate: `frame-omni-bencher`.  
It allows to directly benchmark a WASM blob - without needing a node or
chain spec.

This makes it much easier to generate pallet weights and should allow us
to remove bloaty code from the node.
It should work for all FRAME runtimes that dont use 3rd party host calls
or non `BlakeTwo256` block hashing (basically all polkadot parachains
should work).

It is 100% backwards compatible with the old CLI args, when the `v1`
compatibility command is used. This is done to allow for forwards
compatible addition of new commands.

### Example (full example in the Rust docs)

Installing the CLI:
```sh
cargo install --locked --path subs...

Cleanup tests (-2.7k lines !) using some builder patterns to build
pallet_contracts api calls

`execute` and `send` try to decode the xcm in the parameters before
reaching the filter line.
The new extrinsics decode only after the filter line.
These should be used instead of the old ones.

## TODO
- [x] Tests
- [x] Generate weights
- [x] Deprecation issue ->
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3771
- [x] PRDoc
- [x] Handle error in pallet-contracts

This would make writing XCMs in PJS Apps more difficult, but here's the
fix for that: https://github.com/polkadot-js/apps/pull/10350.
Already deployed! https://polkadot.js.org/apps/#/utilities/xcm

Supersedes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1798/

---------

Co-authored-by: PG Herveou <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <[email protected]>

**Update:** Pushed additional changes based on the review comments.

**This pull request fixes various spelling mistakes in this
repository.**

Most of the changes are contained in the first **3** commits:

- `Fix spelling mistakes in comments and docs`

- `Fix spelling mistakes in test names`

- `Fix spelling mistakes in error messages, panic messages, logs and
tracing`

Other source code spelling mistakes are separated into individual
commits for easier reviewing:

- `Fix the spelling of 'authority'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'REASONABLE_HEADERS_IN_JUSTIFICATION_ANCESTRY'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'prev_enqueud_messages'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'endpoint'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'children'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'PenpalSiblingSovereignAccount'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'PenpalSudoAccount'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'insufficient'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'PalletXcmExtrinsicsBenchmark'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'subtracted'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'CandidatePendingAvailability'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'exclusive'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'until'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'discriminator'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'nonexistent'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'subsystem'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'indices'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'committed'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'topology'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'response'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'beneficiary'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'formatted'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'UNKNOWN_PROOF_REQUEST'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'succeeded'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'reopened'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'proposer'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'InstantiationNonce'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'depositor'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'expiration'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'phantom'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'AggregatedKeyValue'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'randomness'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'defendant'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'AquaticMammal'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'transactions'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'PassingTracingSubscriber'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'TxSignaturePayload'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'versioning'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'descendant'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'overridden'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'network'`

Let me know if this structure is adequate.

**Note:** The usage of the words `Merkle`, `Merkelize`, `Merklization`,
`Merkelization`, `Merkleization`, is somewhat inconsistent but I left it
as it is.

~~**Note:** In some places the term `Receival` is used to refer to
message reception, IMO `Reception` is the correct word here, but I left
it as it is.~~

~~**Note:** In some places the term `Overlayed` is used instead of the
more acceptable version `Overlaid` but I also left it as it is.~~

~~**Note:** In some places the term `Applyable` is used instead of the
correct version `Applicable` but I also left it as it is.~~

**Note:** Some usage of British vs American english e.g. `judgement` vs
`judgment`, `initialise` vs `initialize`, `optimise` vs `optimize` etc.
are both present in different places, but I suppose that's
understandable given the number of contributors.

~~**Note:** There is a spelling mistake in `.github/CODEOWNERS` but it
triggers errors in CI when I make changes to it, so I left it as it
is.~~

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

Introduces `CryptoBytes` type defined as:

```rust
pub struct CryptoBytes<const N: usize, Tag = ()>(pub [u8; N], PhantomData<fn() -> Tag>);
```

The type implements a bunch of methods and traits which are typically
expected from a byte array newtype
(NOTE: some of the methods and trait implementations IMO are a bit
redundant, but I decided to maintain them all to not change too much
stuff in this PR)

It also introduces two (generic) typical consumers of `CryptoBytes`:
`PublicBytes` and `SignatureBytes`.

```rust
pub struct PublicTag;
pub PublicBytes<const N: usize, CryptoTag> = CryptoBytes<N, (PublicTag, CryptoTag)>;

pub struct SignatureTag;
pub SignatureBytes<const N: usize, CryptoTag> = CryptoBytes<N, (SignatureTag, CryptoTag)>;
```

Both of them use a tag to differentiate the two types at a higher level.
Downstream specializations will further specialize using a dedicated
crypto tag. For example in ECDSA:


```rust
pub struct EcdsaTag;

pub type Public = PublicBytes<PUBLIC_KEY_SERIALIZED_SIZE, EcdsaTag>;
pub type Signature = PublicBytes<PUBLIC_KEY_SERIALIZED_SIZE, EcdsaTag>;
```

Overall we have a cleaner and most importantly **consistent** code for
all the types involved

All these details are opaque to the end user which can use `Public` and
`Signature` for the cryptos as before

Step in https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/171

This PR removes `as [disambiguation_path]` syntax from `derive_impl`
usage across the polkadot-sdk as introduced in
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/3505

Revert "FRAME: Create `TransactionExtension` as a replacement for `SignedExtension` (#2280)" (#3665)

This PR reverts #2280 which introduced `TransactionExtension` to replace
`SignedExtension`.

As a result of the discussion
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/3623#issuecomment-1986789700),
the changes will be reverted for now with plans to reintroduce the
concept in the future.

---------

Signed-off-by: georgepisaltu <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Alexander Theißen <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

ApiVersion should have been bumped with
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/3606
this does that and add a test so we don't forget to do that everytime

Oversight from PR https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/3384.
These 2 functions should have been tagged as stable

In order to prepare for PolkaVM support I removed the wat support from
our test fixture crate.

- Removed redundant tests (invalid module checks are already inside the
prepare module where they belong
- Converted the gas_sync tests to Rust
- Moved the start function test to the `wasm` module

Co-authored-by: Cyrill Leutwiler <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Theißen <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Alexander Theißen <[email protected]>

Closes: #3196

---------

Co-authored-by: Alexander Theißen <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: PG Herveou <[email protected]>

Closes #2160

First part of [Extrinsic
Horizon](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2415)

Introduces a new trait `TransactionExtension` to replace
`SignedExtension`. Introduce the idea of transactions which obey the
runtime's extensions and have according Extension data (né Extra data)
yet do not have hard-coded signatures.

Deprecate the terminology of "Unsigned" when used for
transactions/extrinsics owing to there now being "proper" unsigned
transactions which obey the extension framework and "old-style" unsigned
which do not. Instead we have __*General*__ for the former and
__*Bare*__ for the latter. (Ultimately, the latter will be phased out as
a type of transaction, and Bare will only be used for Inherents.)

Types of extrinsic are now therefore:
- Bare (no hardcoded signature, no Extra data; used to be known as
"Unsigned")
- Bare transactions (deprecated): Gossiped, validated with
`ValidateUnsigned` (deprecated) and the `_bare_compat` bits of
`TransactionExtension` (deprecated).
  - Inherents: Not gossiped, validated with `ProvideInherent`.
- Extended (Extra data): Gossiped, validated via `TransactionExtension`.
  - Signed transactions (with a hardcoded signature).
  - General transactions (without a hardcoded signature).

`TransactionExtension` differs from `SignedExtension` because:
- A signature on the underlying transaction may validly not be present.
- It may alter the origin during validation.
- `pre_dispatch` is renamed to `prepare` and need not contain the checks
present in `validate`.
- `validate` and `prepare` is passed an `Origin` rather than a
`AccountId`.
- `validate` may pass arbitrary information into `prepare` via a new
user-specifiable type `Val`.
- `AdditionalSigned`/`additional_signed` is renamed to
`Implicit`/`implicit`. It is encoded *for the entire transaction* and
passed in to each extension as a new argument to `validate`. This
facilitates the ability of extensions to acts as underlying crypto.

There is a new `DispatchTransaction` trait which contains only default
function impls and is impl'ed for any `TransactionExtension` impler. It
provides several utility functions which reduce some of the tedium from
using `TransactionExtension` (indeed, none of its regular functions
should now need to be called directly).

Three transaction version discriminator ("versions") are now
permissible:
- 0b000000100: Bare (used to be called "Unsigned"): contains Signature
or Extra (extension data). After bare transactions are no longer
supported, this will strictly identify an Inherents only.
- 0b100000100: Old-school "Signed" Transaction: contains Signature and
Extra (extension data).
- 0b010000100: New-school "General" Transaction: contains Extra
(extension data), but no Signature.

For the New-school General Transaction, it becomes trivial for authors
to publish extensions to the mechanism for authorizing an Origin, e.g.
through new kinds of key-signing schemes, ZK proofs, pallet state,
mutations over pre-authenticated origins or any combination of the
above.

## Code Migration

### NOW: Getting it to build

Wrap your `SignedExtension`s in `AsTransactionExtension`. This should be
accompanied by renaming your aggregate type in line with the new
terminology. E.g. Before:

```rust
/// The SignedExtension to the basic transaction logic.
pub type SignedExtra = (
	/* snip */
	MySpecialSignedExtension,
);
/// Unchecked extrinsic type as expected by this runtime.
pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
	generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<Address, RuntimeCall, Signature, SignedExtra>;
```

After:

```rust
/// The extension to the basic transaction logic.
pub type TxExtension = (
	/* snip */
	AsTransactionExtension<MySpecialSignedExtension>,
);
/// Unchecked extrinsic type as expected by this runtime.
pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
	generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<Address, RuntimeCall, Signature, TxExtension>;
```

You'll also need to alter any transaction building logic to add a
`.into()` to make the conversion happen. E.g. Before:

```rust
fn construct_extrinsic(
		/* snip */
) -> UncheckedExtrinsic {
	let extra: SignedExtra = (
		/* snip */
		MySpecialSignedExtension::new(/* snip */),
	);
	let payload = SignedPayload::new(call.clone(), extra.clone()).unwrap();
	let signature = payload.using_encoded(|e| sender.sign(e));
	UncheckedExtrinsic::new_signed(
		/* snip */
		Signature::Sr25519(signature),
		extra,
	)
}
```

After:

```rust
fn construct_extrinsic(
		/* snip */
) -> UncheckedExtrinsic {
	let tx_ext: TxExtension = (
		/* snip */
		MySpecialSignedExtension::new(/* snip */).into(),
	);
	let payload = SignedPayload::new(call.clone(), tx_ext.clone()).unwrap();
	let signature = payload.using_encoded(|e| sender.sign(e));
	UncheckedExtrinsic::new_signed(
		/* snip */
		Signature::Sr25519(signature),
		tx_ext,
	)
}
```

### SOON: Migrating to `TransactionExtension`

Most `SignedExtension`s can be trivially converted to become a
`TransactionExtension`. There are a few things to know.

- Instead of a single trait like `SignedExtension`, you should now
implement two traits individually: `TransactionExtensionBase` and
`TransactionExtension`.
- Weights are now a thing and must be provided via the new function `fn
weight`.

#### `TransactionExtensionBase`

This trait takes care of anything which is not dependent on types
specific to your runtime, most notably `Call`.

- `AdditionalSigned`/`additional_signed` is renamed to
`Implicit`/`implicit`.
- Weight must be returned by implementing the `weight` function. If your
extension is associated with a pallet, you'll probably want to do this
via the pallet's existing benchmarking infrastructure.

#### `TransactionExtension`

Generally:
- `pre_dispatch` is now `prepare` and you *should not reexecute the
`validate` functionality in there*!
- You don't get an account ID any more; you get an origin instead. If
you need to presume an account ID, then you can use the trait function
`AsSystemOriginSigner::as_system_origin_signer`.
- You get an additional ticket, similar to `Pre`, called `Val`. This
defines data which is passed from `validate` into `prepare`. This is
important since you should not be duplicating logic from `validate` to
`prepare`, you need a way of passing your working from the former into
the latter. This is it.
- This trait takes two type parameters: `Call` and `Context`. `Call` is
the runtime call type which used to be an associated type; you can just
move it to become a type parameter for your trait impl. `Context` is not
currently used and you can safely implement over it as an unbounded
type.
- There's no `AccountId` associated type any more. Just remove it.

Regarding `validate`:
- You get three new parameters in `validate`; all can be ignored when
migrating from `SignedExtension`.
- `validate` returns a tuple on success; the second item in the tuple is
the new ticket type `Self::Val` which gets passed in to `prepare`. If
you use any information extracted during `validate` (off-chain and
on-chain, non-mutating) in `prepare` (on-chain, mutating) then you can
pass it through with this. For the tuple's last item, just return the
`origin` argument.

Regarding `prepare`:
- This is renamed from `pre_dispatch`, but there is one change:
- FUNCTIONALITY TO VALIDATE THE TRANSACTION NEED NOT BE DUPLICATED FROM
`validate`!!
- (This is different to `SignedExtension` which was required to run the
same checks in `pre_dispatch` as in `validate`.)

Regarding `post_dispatch`:
- Since there are no unsigned transactions handled by
`TransactionExtension`, `Pre` is always defined, so the first parameter
is `Self::Pre` rather than `Option<Self::Pre>`.

If you make use of `SignedExtension::validate_unsigned` or
`SignedExtension::pre_dispatch_unsigned`, then:
- Just use the regular versions of these functions instead.
- Have your logic execute in the case that the `origin` is `None`.
- Ensure your transaction creation logic creates a General Transaction
rather than a Bare Transaction; this means having to include all
`TransactionExtension`s' data.
- `ValidateUnsigned` can still be used (for now) if you need to be able
to construct transactions which contain none of the extension data,
however these will be phased out in stage 2 of the Transactions Horizon,
so you should consider moving to an extension-centric design.

## TODO

- [x] Introduce `CheckSignature` impl of `TransactionExtension` to
ensure it's possible to have crypto be done wholly in a
`TransactionExtension`.
- [x] Deprecate `SignedExtension` and move all uses in codebase to
`TransactionExtension`.
  - [x] `ChargeTransactionPayment`
  - [x] `DummyExtension`
  - [x] `ChargeAssetTxPayment` (asset-tx-payment)
  - [x] `ChargeAssetTxPayment` (asset-conversion-tx-payment)
  - [x] `CheckWeight`
  - [x] `CheckTxVersion`
  - [x] `CheckSpecVersion`
  - [x] `CheckNonce`
  - [x] `CheckNonZeroSender`
  - [x] `CheckMortality`
  - [x] `CheckGenesis`
  - [x] `CheckOnlySudoAccount`
  - [x] `WatchDummy`
  - [x] `PrevalidateAttests`
  - [x] `GenericSignedExtension`
  - [x] `SignedExtension` (chain-polkadot-bulletin)
  - [x] `RefundSignedExtensionAdapter`
- [x] Implement `fn weight` across the board.
- [ ] Go through all pre-existing extensions which assume an account
signer and explicitly handle the possibility of another kind of origin.
- [x] `CheckNonce` should probably succeed in the case of a non-account
origin.
- [x] `CheckNonZeroSender` should succeed in the case of a non-account
origin.
- [x] `ChargeTransactionPayment` and family should fail in the case of a
non-account origin.
  - [ ] 
- [x] Fix any broken tests.

---------

Signed-off-by: georgepisaltu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Nikhil Gupta <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: georgepisaltu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Chevdor <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Maciej <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Javier Viola <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Marcin S. <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Tsvetomir Dimitrov <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Javier Bullrich <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Koute <[email protected]>
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Co-authored-by: Vladimir Istyufeev <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Ross Bulat <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Gonçalo Pestana <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Svyatoslav Nikolsky <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: s0me0ne-unkn0wn <[email protected]>
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Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Will | Paradox | ParaNodes.io <[email protected]>
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Co-authored-by: joepetrowski <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Gabriel Facco de Arruda <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Squirrel <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Andrei Sandu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: georgepisaltu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

# Description

*Removes `sp_weights::OldWeight` and its usage*

Fixes #144

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <[email protected]>

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk-docs/issues/55

- Changes 'current storage version' terminology to less ambiguous
'in-code storage version' (suggestion by @ggwpez

)
- Adds a new example pallet `pallet-example-single-block-migrations`
- Adds a new reference doc to replace
https://docs.substrate.io/maintain/runtime-upgrades/ (temporarily living
in the pallet while we wait for developer hub PR to merge)
- Adds documentation for the `storage_alias` macro
- Improves `trait Hooks` docs 
- Improves `trait GetStorageVersion` docs
- Update the suggested patterns for using `VersionedMigration`, so that
version unchecked migrations are never exported
- Prevents accidental usage of version unchecked migrations in runtimes

https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/pull/14421#discussion_r1255467895
- Unversioned migration code is kept inside `mod version_unchecked`,
versioned code is kept in `pub mod versioned`
- It is necessary to use modules to limit visibility because the inner
migration must be `pub`. See
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/30905 and

https://internals.rust-lang.org/t/lang-team-minutes-private-in-public-rules/4504/40
for more.

### todo

- [x] move to reference docs to proper place within sdk-docs (now that
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2102 is merged)
- [x] prdoc

---------

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Juan <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: gupnik <[email protected]>

Add a `ApiVersion` constant to the pallet-contracts Config to
communicate with developers the current state of the host functions
exposed by the pallet

This PR is fixing a bug in the sync mechanism between wasmi and
pallet-contracts. This bug leads to essentially double charging all the
gas that was used during the execution of the host function. When the
`call` host function is used for recursion this will lead to a quadratic
amount of gas consumption with regard to the nesting depth.We also took
the chance to refactor the code in question and improve the rust docs.

The bug was caused by not updating `GasMeter::executor_consumed`
(previously `engine_consumed`) when leaving the host function. This lead
to the value being stale (too low) when entering another host function.

---------

Co-authored-by: PG Herveou <[email protected]>

Remove `#[unstable]` on `call_v2`, `instantiate_v2`,
`lock_delegate_dependency` and `unlock_delegate_dependency`.
See ink! integrations: 
- call_v2: https://github.com/paritytech/ink/pull/2077
- instantiate_v2: <TODO>
- lock/unlock dependency: https://github.com/paritytech/ink/pull/2076

## Xcm changes:
- Fix `pallet_xcm::execute`, move the logic into The `ExecuteController`
so it can be shared with anything that implement that trait.
- Make `ExecuteController::execute` retursn `DispatchErrorWithPostInfo`
instead of `DispatchError`, so that we don't charge the full
`max_weight` provided if the execution is incomplete (useful for
force_batch or contracts calls)
- Fix docstring for `pallet_xcm::execute`, to reflect the changes from
#2405
- Update the signature for `ExecuteController::execute`, we don't need
to return the `Outcome` anymore since we only care about
`Outcome::Complete`

## Contracts changes:

- Update host fn `xcm_exexute`, we don't need to write the `Outcome` to
the sandbox memory anymore. This was also not charged as well before so
it if fixes this too.
- One of the issue was that the dry_run of a contract that call
`xcm_execute` would exhaust the `gas_limit`.

This is because `XcmExecuteController::execute` takes a `max_weight`
argument, and since we don't want the user to specify it manually we
were passing everything left by pre-charghing
`ctx.ext.gas_meter().gas_left()`

- To fix it I added a `fn influence_lowest_limit` on the `Token` trait
and make it return false for `RuntimeCost::XcmExecute`.
- Got rid of the `RuntimeToken` indirection, we can just use
`RuntimeCost` directly.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

# Description

This PR removes redundant type definition from test definition config
implementations like
```
#[derive_impl(frame_system::config_preludes::TestDefaultConfig as frame_system::DefaultConfig)]
impl frame_system::Config for Test {
    type A = A;
    ...
}
```

This changes avoid redundancies in the code as the macro `derive_impl`
defines the relevant types. To implement the changes, it was a simple
fact of running tests and making sure that the tests would still run
while the definition would be removed.

Closes #3237

As a note, here is a brief account of things done from the Issue's
description statement
```
alliance migrate alliance, fast-unstake and bags list to use derive-impl #1636
asset-conversion                                                                                            DONE
asset-rate                                                                                                  DONE
assets                                                                                                      DONE
atomic-swap                                                                                                 DONE
aura                                                                                                        DONE
authority-discovery                                                                                         DONE                                                                     
authorship  migrate babe and authorship to use derive-impl #1790
babe  migrate babe and authorship to use derive-impl #1790
bags-list migrate alliance, fast-unstake and bags list to use derive-impl #1636
balances                                                                                                    DONE
beefy                                                                                                       NOTHING TO DO --- also noted this error without failing tests Feb 13 13:49:08.941 ERROR runtime::timestamp: `pallet_timestamp::UnixTime::now` is called at genesis, invalid value returned: 0
beefy-mmr                                                                                                   NOTHING TO DO
bounties                                                                                                    DONE
child-bounties                                                                                              DONE
collective                                                                                                  DONE
contracts                                                                                                   DONE
conviction-voting                                                                                           DONE
core-fellowship                                                                                             NOTHING TO DO
democracy                                                                                                   DONE
election-provider-multi-phase                                                                               NOTHING TO DO
elections-phragmen                                                                                          DONE
executive                                                                                                   NOTHING TO DO
fast-unstake migrate alliance, fast-unstake and bags list to use derive-impl #1636
glutton                                                                                                     DONE
grandpa                                                                                                     DONE
identity                                                                                                    DONE
im-online                                                                                                   NOTHING TO DO
indices Refactor indices pallet #1789
insecure-randomness-collective-flip                                                                         DONE
lottery                                                                                                     DONE
membership                                                                                                  DONE
merkle-mountain-range                                                                                       NOTHING TO DO
message-queue                                                                                               DONE
multisig add frame_system::DefaultConfig to individual pallet DefaultConfigs substrate#14453
nft-fractionalization                                                                                       DONE
nfts                                                                                                        DONE
nicks Refactor pallet-state-trie-migration to fungible::* traits #1801                                      NOT IN REPO
nis                                                                                                         DONE
node-authorization                                                                                          DONE
nomination-pools                                                                                            NOTHING TO DO -- ONLY impl for Runtime
offences                                                                                                    DELETED EVERYTHING -- IS THAT CORRECT??
preimage                                                                                                    DONE
proxy add frame_system::DefaultConfig to individual pallet DefaultConfigs substrate#14453
ranked-collective                                                                                           NOTHING TO DO
recovery                                                                                                    DONE
referenda                                                                                                   DONE
remark                                                                                                      DONE
root-offences                                                                                               DONE
root-testing                                                                                                NOTHING TO DO
salary                                                                                                      NOTHING TO DO
scheduler                                                                                                   DONE
scored-pool                                                                                                 DONE
session                                                                                                     DONE -- substrate/frame/session/benchmarking/src/mock.rs untouched
society                                                                                                     NOTHING TO DO
staking                                                                                                     DONE
staking-bags-benchmarks                                                                                     NOT IN REPO
state-trie-migration                                                                                        NOTHING TO DO
statement                                                                                                   DONE
sudo                                                                                                        DONE
system                                                                                                      DONE
timestamp                                                                                                   DONE
tips                                                                                                        DONE
transaction-payment                                                                                         NOTHING TO DO
transaction-storage                                                                                         NOTHING TO DO
treasury                                                                                                    DONE
try-runtime                                                                                                 NOTHING TO DO -- no specific mention of 'for Test'
uniques                                                                                                     DONE
utility                                                                                                     DONE
vesting                                                                                                     DONE
whitelist                                                                                                   DONE
```

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: gupnik <[email protected]>

When switching from the instrumented gas metering to the wasmi gas
metering we also removed all imposed limits regarding Wasm module
internals. All those things do not interact with the host and have to be
handled by wasmi. For example, Wasmi charges additional gas for
parameters to each function because as they incur some overhead.

Back then we took the opportunity to remove the dependency on the
deprecated `parity-wasm` which was used to enforce those limits.

This PR merely removes them from the `Schedule` they aren't enforced for
a while.

Those were used for some adhoc comparison of solang vs ink! with regards
to ERC20 transfers. Not been used for a while.

Benchmarking is done here now:
[smart-bench](https://github.com/paritytech/smart-bench): Weight based
benchmark to test how much transaction actually fit into a block with
the current Weights
[schlau](https://github.com/ascjones/schlau): Time based benchmarks to
compare performance

When doing a cross contract call you can supply an optional Weight limit
for that call. If one doesn't specify the limit (setting it to 0) the
sub call will have all the remaining gas available. If one does specify
the limit we subtract that amount eagerly from the Weight meter and fail
fast if not enough `Weight` is available.

This is quite annoying because setting a fixed limit will set the
`gas_required` in the gas estimation according to the specified limit.
Even if in that dry-run the actual call didn't consume that whole
amount. It effectively discards the more precise measurement it should
have from the dry-run.

This PR changes the behaviour so that the supplied limit is an actual
limit: We do the cross contract call even if the limit is higher than
the remaining `Weight`. We then fail and roll back in the cub call in
case there is not enough weight.

This makes the weight estimation in the dry-run no longer dependent on
the weight limit supplied when doing a cross contract call.

---------

Co-authored-by: PG Herveou <[email protected]>

First in a series of PRs that reduces our use of sp-std with a view to
deprecating it.

This is just looking at /substrate and moving some of the references
from `sp-std` to `core`.
These particular changes should be uncontroversial.

Where macros are used `::core` should be used to remove any ambiguity.

part of https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2101

Can this API be marked stable? Implemented in [solang
here](https://github.com/hyperledger/solang/pull/1620)

---------

Signed-off-by: Cyrill Leutwiler <[email protected]>

[frame] `#[pallet::composite_enum]` improved variant count handling + removed `pallet_balances`'s `MaxHolds` config (#2657)

I started this investigation/issue based on @liamaharon

 question
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1801#discussion_r1410452499).

## Problem

The `pallet_balances` integrity test should correctly detect that the
runtime has correct distinct `HoldReasons` variant count. I assume the
same situation exists for RuntimeFreezeReason.

It is not a critical problem, if we set `MaxHolds` with a sufficiently
large value, everything should be ok. However, in this case, the
integrity_test check becomes less useful.

**Situation for "any" runtime:**
- `HoldReason` enums from different pallets:
```rust
        /// from pallet_nis
        #[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason {
		NftReceipt,
	}

        /// from pallet_preimage
        #[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason {
		Preimage,
	}

        // from pallet_state-trie-migration
        #[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason {
		SlashForContinueMigrate,
		SlashForMigrateCustomTop,
		SlashForMigrateCustomChild,
	}
```

- generated `RuntimeHoldReason` enum looks like:
```rust
pub enum RuntimeHoldReason {

    #[codec(index = 32u8)]
    Preimage(pallet_preimage::HoldReason),

    #[codec(index = 38u8)]
    Nis(pallet_nis::HoldReason),

    #[codec(index = 42u8)]
    StateTrieMigration(pallet_state_trie_migration::HoldReason),
}
```

- composite enum `RuntimeHoldReason` variant count is detected as `3`
- we set `type MaxHolds = ConstU32<3>`
- `pallet_balances::integrity_test` is ok with `3`(at least 3)

However, the real problem can occur in a live runtime where some
functionality might stop working. This is due to a total of 5 distinct
hold reasons (for pallets with multi-instance support, it is even more),
and not all of them can be used because of an incorrect `MaxHolds`,
which is deemed acceptable according to the `integrity_test`:
  ```
  // pseudo-code - if we try to call all of these:

T::Currency::hold(&pallet_nis::HoldReason::NftReceipt.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;
T::Currency::hold(&pallet_preimage::HoldReason::Preimage.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;

T::Currency::hold(&pallet_state_trie_migration::HoldReason::SlashForContinueMigrate.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;

  // With `type MaxHolds = ConstU32<3>` these two will fail

T::Currency::hold(&pallet_state_trie_migration::HoldReason::SlashForMigrateCustomTop.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;

T::Currency::hold(&pallet_state_trie_migration::HoldReason::SlashForMigrateCustomChild.into(),
&nft_owner, deposit)?;
  ```  


## Solutions

A macro `#[pallet::*]` expansion is extended of `VariantCount`
implementation for the `#[pallet::composite_enum]` enum type. This
expansion generates the `VariantCount` implementation for pallets'
`HoldReason`, `FreezeReason`, `LockId`, and `SlashReason`. Enum variants
must be plain enum values without fields to ensure a deterministic
count.

The composite runtime enum, `RuntimeHoldReason` and
`RuntimeFreezeReason`, now sets `VariantCount::VARIANT_COUNT` as the sum
of pallets' enum `VariantCount::VARIANT_COUNT`:
```rust
#[frame_support::pallet(dev_mode)]
mod module_single_instance {

	#[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason {
		ModuleSingleInstanceReason1,
		ModuleSingleInstanceReason2,
	}
...
}

#[frame_support::pallet(dev_mode)]
mod module_multi_instance {

	#[pallet::composite_enum]
	pub enum HoldReason<I: 'static = ()> {
		ModuleMultiInstanceReason1,
		ModuleMultiInstanceReason2,
		ModuleMultiInstanceReason3,
	}
...
}


impl self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::traits::VariantCount
    for RuntimeHoldReason
{
    const VARIANT_COUNT: u32 = 0
        + module_single_instance::HoldReason::VARIANT_COUNT
        + module_multi_instance::HoldReason::<module_multi_instance::Instance1>::VARIANT_COUNT
        + module_multi_instance::HoldReason::<module_multi_instance::Instance2>::VARIANT_COUNT
        + module_multi_instance::HoldReason::<module_multi_instance::Instance3>::VARIANT_COUNT;
}
```

In addition, `MaxHolds` is removed (as suggested
[here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2657#discussion_r1443324573))
from `pallet_balances`, and its `Holds` are now bounded to
`RuntimeHoldReason::VARIANT_COUNT`. Therefore, there is no need to let
the runtime specify `MaxHolds`.


## For reviewers

Relevant changes can be found here:
- `substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/lib.rs` 
-  `substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/composite.rs`
-  `substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/composite.rs`
-
`substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/composite_helper.rs`
-
`substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/hold_reason.rs`
-
`substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/freeze_reason.rs`
- `substrate/frame/support/src/traits/misc.rs`

And the rest of the files is just about removed `MaxHolds` from
`pallet_balances`

## Next steps

Do the same for `MaxFreezes`
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2997.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Dónal Murray <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: gupnik <[email protected]>