polkadot companion: paritytech/polkadot#2535

* Apply.

* get rid of glob import

* use meaningful generic type name

* pjr_check operates on `Supports` struct used elsewhere

* improve algorithmic complexity of `prepare_pjr_input`

* fix rustdoc warnings

* improve module docs

* typo

* simplify debug assertion

* add test finding the phase-change threshold value for a constructed scenario

* add more threshold scenarios to disambiguate plausible interpretations

* add link to npos paper reference

* docs: staked_assignment -> supports

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* add utility method for generating npos inputs

* add a fuzzer which asserts that all unbalanced seq_phragmen are PJR

Note that this currently fails. I hope that this can be rectified
by calculating the threshold instead of choosing some arbitrary number.

* assert in all cases, not just debug

* leverage a native solution to choose candidates

* use existing helper methods

* add pjr-check and incorporate into the fuzzer

We should probably have one of the W3F people look at this to ensure
we're not misconstruing any definitions, but this seems like a
fairly straightforward implementation.

* fix compilation errors

* Enable manually setting iteration parameters in single run.

This gives us the ability to reproducably extract cases where
honggfuzz has discovered a panic. For example:

$ cargo run --release --bin phragmen_pjr -- --candidates 569 --voters 100
Tue 23 Feb 2021 11:23:39 AM CET
   Compiling bitflags v1.2.1
   Compiling unicode-width v0.1.8
   Compiling unicode-segmentation v1.7.1
   Compiling ansi_term v0.11.0
   Compiling strsim v0.8.0
   Compiling vec_map v0.8.2
   Compiling proc-macro-error-attr v1.0.4
   Compiling proc-macro-error v1.0.4
   Compiling textwrap v0.11.0
   Compiling atty v0.2.14
   Compiling heck v0.3.2
   Compiling clap v2.33.3
   Compiling structopt-derive v0.4.14
   Compiling structopt v0.3.21
   Compiling sp-npos-elections-fuzzer v2.0.0-alpha.5 (/home/coriolinus/Documents/Projects/paritytech/substrate/primitives/npos-elections/fuzzer)
    Finished release [optimized] target(s) in 6.15s
     Running `/home/coriolinus/Documents/Projects/paritytech/substrate/target/release/phragmen_pjr -c 569 -v 100`
thread 'main' panicked at 'unbalanced sequential phragmen must satisfy PJR', primitives/npos-elections/fuzzer/src/phragmen_pjr.rs:133:5
note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace

This is still not adequate proof that seq_phragmen is broken; it could
very well be that our PJR checker is doing the wrong thing, or we've
somehow missed a parameter of interest. Still, it's concerning.

* update comment verbiage for accuracy

* it is valid in PJR for an elected candidate to have 0 support

* Fix phragmen_pjr fuzzer

It turns out that the fundamental problem causing previous implementations
of the fuzzer to fail wasn't in `seq_phragmen` _or_ in `pjr_check`: it was
in the rounding errors introduced in the various conversions between the
internal data representation and the external one.

Fixing the fuzzer is then simply an issue of using the internal representation
and staying in that representation. However, that leaves the issue that
`seq_phragmen` occasionally produces an output which is technically not
PJR due to rounding errors. In the future we will need to add some kind of
"close-enough" threshold. However, that is explicitly out of scope of
this PR.

* restart ci; it appears to be stalled

* use necessary import for no-std

* use a more realistic distribution of voters and candidates

This isn't ideal; more realistic numbers would be about twice these.
However, either case generation or voting has nonlinear execution
time, and doubling these values brings iteration time from ~20s to
~180s. Fuzzing 6x as fast should make up for fuzzing cases half the size.

* identify specifically which PJR check may fail

* move candidate collection comment into correct place

* standard_threshold: use a calculation method which cannot overflow

* Apply suggestions from code review (update comments)

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* clarify the effectiveness bounds for t-pjr check

* how to spell "committee"

* reorganize: high -> low abstraction

* ensure standard threshold calc cannot panic

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: kianenigma <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* more clear randomness API for BABE

* babe: move randomness utilities to its own file

* node: use babe::RandomnessFromOneEpochAgo in random_seed implementation

* frame-support: annotate randomness trait with block number

* pallet-randomness-collective-flip: fix for new randomness trait

* pallet-society: fix randomness usage

* pallet-lottery: fix randomness usage

* pallet-contracts: fix randomness usage

* pallet-babe: fix randomness usage

we need to track when the current and previous epoch started so that we
know the block number by each existing on-chain was known

* node: fix random_seed

* node-template: fix random_seed

* frame-support: extend docs

* babe: add test for epoch starting block number tracking

* babe: fix epoch randomness docs

* frame: add todos for dealing with randomness api changes

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Add MMR custom RPC.

* Change RuntimeApi to avoid hardcoding leaf type.

* Properly implement the new RuntimeAPI and wire up RPC.

* Extract Offchain DB as separate execution extension.

* Enable offchain DB access for offchain calls.

* Fix offchain_election tests.

* Skip block initialisation for proof generation.

* Fix integration test setup.

* Fix offchain tests. Not sure how I missed them earlier 🤷.

* Fix long line.

* One more test missing.

* Update mock for multi-phase.

* Address review grumbbles.

* Address review grumbles.

* Fix line width of a comment

* CI: return docs jobs allowing them to fail

* CI: refrain from Dwarnings for now

* CI: pass RUSTFLAGS directly; no need removing what wasn't there

* Make changes

* Add serialize/deserialize, copy babe epoch config defaults from node runtime

* Fix line widths and turn default features off for serde

* Remove ser/deser from Epoch, fix node-cli

* Apply suggestions

* Add comment to BABE_GENESIS_EPOCH_CONFIG in bin

* Apply suggestions

* Add a sketchy migration function

* Add a migration test

* Check for PendingEpochConfigChange as well

* Make epoch_config in node-cli

* Move updating EpochConfig out of the if

* Fix executor tests

* Calculate weight for add_epoch_configurations

* Fix babe test

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Add more asserts to tests, remove unused changes to primitives/slots

* Allow setting the migration pallet prefix

* Rename to BabePalletPrefix

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Introduce new concept of "slot portion for proposing"

Currently when building a block we actually give the proposer all of the
time in the slot, while this is wrong. The slot is actually split in at
least two phases proposing and propagation or in the polkadot case into
three phases validating pov's, proposing and propagation. As we don't
want to bring that much polkadot concepts into Substrate, we only
support splitting the slot into proposing and propagation. The portion
can now be passed as parameter to AuRa and BABE to configure this value.
However, this slot portion for propagation doesn't mean that the
proposer can not go over this limit. When we miss slots we still apply
the lenience factor to increase the proposing time, so that we have
enough time to build a heavy block.

Besides all what was said above, this is especially required for
parachains. Parachains have a much more constraint proposing window.
Currently the slot duration is at minimum 12 seconds, but we only have
around 500ms for proposing. So, this slot portion for proposing is
really required to make it working without hacks.

* Offgit feedback

* Cast cast cast

* Decrease the peer reputation on invalid block requests

This pr changes the block request handler to decrease the reputation of
peers when they send the same request multiple times or they send us an
invalid block request.

* Review feedback

* Change log target

* Remove unused code

* IgnoredIssuance

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Initial work

* Tests for frame system

* Self-sufficient account ref-counting

* Fixes

* Benchmarks building.

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Jaco Greeff <[email protected]>

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Test approvals

* Fixes

* Report assets pallet tests

* Tests for approvals & force_cancel_approval

* Use structs rather than tuples for approval data

* Add force_asset_status, force_set_metadata

* Add clear_metadata.

* approval benchmarks

* force_asset_status benchmarks

* final benchmarks

* cargo run --release --features=runtime-benchmarks --manifest-path=bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml -- benchmark --chain=dev --steps=50 --repeat=20 --pallet=pallet_assets --extrinsic=* --execution=wasm --wasm-execution=compiled --heap-pages=4096 --output=./frame/assets/src/weights.rs --template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Docs for new approval dispatches.

* Docs for pallet.

* Remove accidental code.

* cargo run --release --features=runtime-benchmarks --manifest-path=bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml -- benchmark --chain=dev --steps=50 --repeat=20 --pallet=pallet_assets --extrinsic=* --execution=wasm --wasm-execution=compiled --heap-pages=4096 --output=./frame/assets/src/weights.rs --template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs

* cargo run --release --features=runtime-benchmarks --manifest-path=bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml -- benchmark --chain=dev --steps=50 --repeat=20 --pallet=pallet_assets --extrinsic=* --execution=wasm --wasm-execution=compiled --heap-pages=4096 --output=./frame/assets/src/weights.rs --template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs

* Fixes

* Update frame/assets/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Grumbles.

* Transfer zero works, use DispatchResult

* fix test

* Remove force_destroy

* Remove TODO

* cargo run --release --features=runtime-benchmarks --manifest-path=bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml -- benchmark --chain=dev --steps=50 --repeat=20 --pallet=pallet_assets --extrinsic=* --execution=wasm --wasm-execution=compiled --heap-pages=4096 --output=./frame/assets/src/weights.rs --template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs

* transfer_keep_alive

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Fixes

* cargo run --release --features=runtime-benchmarks --manifest-path=bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml -- benchmark --chain=dev --steps=50 --repeat=20 --pallet=pallet_assets --extrinsic=* --execution=wasm --wasm-execution=compiled --heap-pages=4096 --output=./frame/assets/src/weights.rs --template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs

Co-authored-by: Jaco Greeff <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Parity Benchmarking Bot <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* optimize code

* fix clippy replace = with += or %=

* fix redundant closure found warning

* redundant field names in struct initialization

* fix clippy warning and optimize code

* fix clippy warning

* fix clippy warning

* fix test error

* A clean new attempt

* Checkpoint to move remote.

* A lot of dependency wiring to make it feature gated.

* bad macro, bad macro.

* refactor(remote ext): use jsonrpsee

* refactor(remote ext): use jsonrpsee

* Undo the DB mess.

* fix(remote ext): use max limit `u32::MAX`

* resolve TODOs

* jsonrpsee switch to `hyper` as backend

* Update utils/frame/try-runtime/remote-externalities/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* update jsonrpsee

* remove boiler-plate

* suppress warnings to CI happy

* Unbreak his build

* Use option

* fix nit; make it work again

* fix err message.

* Update utils/frame/remote-externalities/Cargo.toml

* Fix uri stuff

* remove needless clone

Co-authored-by: kianenigma <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: kianenigma <[email protected]>

Currently we wrap every `GenesisConfig` field in an `Option`, while
we require `Default` being implemented for all pallet genesisconfigs.
Passing `None` also results in the genesis not being initialized, which
is a bug as seen from the perspective of a pallet developer?

This pr changes the fields of the `GenesisConfig` to non `Option` types.

* AuRa improvements

Hot and fresh AuRa improvements. This pr does the following:

- Move code belonging to the import queue etc to import_queue.rs
- Introduce `ImportQueueParams` and `StartAuraParams` structs to make
it more easier to understand what parameters we pass to AuRa.
- Introduce `CheckForEquivocation` to tell AuRa if it should check for
equivocation on block import. This is required for parachains, because
they are allowed to equivocate when they build two blocks for the same
slot, but for different relay chain parents.

* Update client/consensus/aura/src/import_queue.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Fix compilation

* AAA

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* implement

* make default pre/post_upgrade

* simplify Cargo.toml

* revert removal of outdated/private links

* link in pallet-mmr

We were using the wrong syntax and that will be dropped with Rust 2021.
The compiler already starts to hint the wrong syntax with warnings. So,
we fix this here.

* babe: introduce a request-answering mechanic

* gromble

* send method

* Self-sufficient account ref-counting

* Fixes

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Jaco Greeff <[email protected]>

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Fixes

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>

* fix build

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Jaco Greeff <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

That was actually a bad idea by me, because it should essentially be the
same as block.header.

Ty @Kianenigma

* Add logs to proc macro pallet.

* update logs.

* allow dispatch result

* remove custom error message

* format

* add forgotten UI test

* fix test

* fix tests

This pr changes the `ExecuteBlock` trait to return the final header that
results from executing the given block.

* Move AuRa digest from client to primitives

This makes the digest stuff usable from inside the runtime ;)

* Update primitives/runtime/src/generic/digest.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Review feedback

* Make BABE use the new functionality

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* migration helper

* fix move_storage

* format

* doc

* improve doc

* Update frame/support/src/storage/migration.rs

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Add benchmark to node-template pallet-template

* export sp_std to avoid missing dep when using macro

* fix more `sp_std` deps

* remove unused

* Update bin/node-template/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Update bin/node-template/pallets/template/Cargo.toml

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Integrate `output-analysis`

* fix test

* use default

* cargo run --release --features=runtime-benchmarks --manifest-path=bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml -- benchmark --chain=dev --steps=50 --repeat=20 --pallet=frame_system --extrinsic=* --execution=wasm --wasm-execution=compiled --heap-pages=4096 --output=./frame/system/src/weights.rs --template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs

* Update frame/system/src/weights.rs

* cargo run --release --features runtime-benchmarks --manifest-path bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml -- benchmark --chain=dev --steps=50 --repeat=20 --pallet=frame_system --extrinsic=* --execution=wasm --wasm-execution=compiled --heap-pages=4096 --output=./frame/system/src/weights.rs --template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs --output-analysis=max

* Update frame/system/src/weights.rs

* dont discard value_dist and model

* feedback

Co-authored-by: Parity Benchmarking Bot <[email protected]>

* contracts: Use unstable sort for topics

* Add warning about non-determinism

* Init `RuntimeLogger` automatically for each runtime api call

This pr change the runtime api in such a way to always and automatically
enable the `RuntimeLogger`. This enables the user to use `log` or
`tracing` from inside the runtime to create log messages. As logging
introduces some extra code and especially increases the size of the wasm
blob. It is advised to disable all logging completely with
`sp-api/disable-logging` when doing the wasm builds for the on-chain
wasm runtime.

Besides these changes, the pr also brings most of the logging found in
frame to the same format "runtime::*".

* Update frame/im-online/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Update test-utils/runtime/Cargo.toml

* Fix test

* Don't use tracing in the runtime, as we don't support it :D

* Fixes

Co-authored-by: Guillaume Thiolliere <[email protected]>

* grandpa: maintain invariants when evaluating aggregated voting rules

* grandpa: update comment on VotingRules::restrict_vote

* grandpa: simplify comment

Co-authored-by: Parity Benchmarking Bot <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>