* Clean phragmen API and equalise()

* Stabilize new api

* Fix phragmen fuzzers

* More fixes

* Make fuzzers reproducible

* improvements

* Make equalize update assignments as well.

* total function for staked_assignment.

* Fix fuzzer build

* remvoe TODO

* Fix a bunch more.

* clean stray debug stuff

* Update primitives/phragmen/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: thiolliere <[email protected]>

* fix range function

* fix number generator

Co-authored-by: thiolliere <[email protected]>

Co-Authored-By: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* implement iter for doublemap

* fmt

* fix tests

* fix staking mock

* address comment

* update doc and constraint for reversible hasher

Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* submit solution for current era

* add test

* address comment

* fix tests

* add pre/post condition check to elections

* Tests for staking

* Better intersection fn

* Fix build

* Configurable Unsigned Priority.

* Use the new builder.

* Fix tests.

* Fix benches.

* Remove unused import.

* Rename for_pallet

* Simple Payouts

* explicit test for out of order claiming

* Add `payout_all` benchmark

* Fix merge

* add docs

* change event to controller

* Fix timestamp test warnings

* Revert "change event to controller"

This reverts commit 5d4a97832d47fe1273602d5410774d5421940c4e.

* Update Reward event doc

* Add "non-production" test

* add unlock chunk to test

* fix merge

* End payout early if no reward points

* payout_validator -> payout_stakers

* bring back payout nominator/validator, but limit their use to before migration era

* Add test for before migration

* New payout works for the era that we migrate

* Fix logic, check that migration era works

* Migrate Era tests (copypasta)

* Move comment

* Add mock back to external functions

* Fixes based on review from gui

* Update Cargo.lock

* Update Cargo.lock

* small docs update

Co-authored-by: joepetrowski <[email protected]>

* Don't populate runtime events in genesis

* typo

* Change to block zero

* Fix vesting tests

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Add test

* Fix test

* Fix contract tests

* Fix phragmen tests

* Fix Generic Assets Tests

* Fix offences tests

* Fix im-online

* fix recovery

* Fix utility tests

* Shorter

* Use ext

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Initial skeleton for offchain phragmen

* Basic compact encoding decoding for results

* add compact files

* Bring back Self::ensure_storage_upgraded();

* Make staking use compact stuff.

* First seemingly working version of reduce, full of todos

* Everything phragmen related works again.

* Signing made easier, still issues.

* Signing from offchain compile fine 😎

* make compact work with staked asssignment

* Evaluation basics are in place.

* Move reduce into crate. Document stuff

* move reduce into no_std

* Add files

* Remove other std deps. Runtime compiles

* Seemingly it is al stable; cycle implemented but not integrated.

* Add fuzzing code.

* Cleanup reduce a bit more.

* a metric ton of tests for staking; wip 🔨

* Implement a lot more of the tests.

* wip getting the unsigned stuff to work

* A bit gleanup for unsigned debug

* Clean and finalize compact code.

* Document reduce.

* Still problems with signing

* We officaly duct taped the transaction submission stuff. 🤓

* Deadlock with keys again

* Runtime builds

* Unsigned test works 🙌

* Some cleanups

* Make all the tests compile and stuff

* Minor cleanup

* fix more merge stuff

* Most tests work again.

* a very nasty bug in reduce

* Fix all integrations

* Fix more todos

* Revamp everything and everything

* Remove bogus test

* Some review grumbles.

* Some fixes

* Fix doc test

* loop for submission

* Fix cli, keyring etc.

* some cleanup

* Fix staking tests again

* fix per-things; bring patches from benchmarking

* better score prediction

* Add fuzzer, more patches.

* Some fixes

* More docs

* Remove unused generics

* Remove max-nominator footgun

* Better fuzzer

* Disable it ❌



* Bump.

* Another round of self-review

* Refactor a lot

* More major fixes in perThing

* Add new fuzz file

* Update lock

* fix fuzzing code.

* Fix nominator retain test

* Add slashing check

* Update frame/staking/src/tests.rs

Co-Authored-By: Joshy Orndorff <[email protected]>

* Some formatting nits

* Review comments.

* Fix cargo file

* Almost all tests work again

* Update frame/staking/src/tests.rs

Co-Authored-By: thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Fix review comments

* More review stuff

* Some nits

* Fix new staking / session / babe relation

* Update primitives/phragmen/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Update primitives/phragmen/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Update primitives/phragmen/compact/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Some doc updates to slashing

* Fix derive

* Remove imports

* Remove unimplemented tests

* nits

* Remove dbg

* Better fuzzing params

* Remove unused pref map

* Deferred Slashing/Offence for offchain Phragmen  (#5151)

* Some boilerplate

* Add test

* One more test

* Review comments

* Fix build

* review comments

* fix more

* fix build

* Some cleanups and self-reviews

* More minor self reviews

* Final nits

* Some merge fixes.

* opt comment

* Fix build

* Fix build again.

* Update frame/staking/fuzz/fuzz_targets/submit_solution.rs

Co-Authored-By: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* Update frame/staking/src/slashing.rs

Co-Authored-By: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* Update frame/staking/src/offchain_election.rs

Co-Authored-By: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* Fix review comments

* fix test

* === 🔑

 Revamp without staking key.

* final round of changes.

* Fix cargo-deny

* Update frame/staking/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Joshy Orndorff <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: thiolliere <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* add new trait, still migration to make

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* implement migration

* better naming

* fix test

* no longer require DeprecatedTime

* add test

* fix version

* upgrade only from kusama

* add test

* fix test

* Update frame/timestamp/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

on_initialize return weight consumed and default cost to default DispatchInfo instead of zero (#5382)

* frame update

* doc

* move offchain worker trait also

* fix weigh merge

* indentation

* reorder for better git diff

* comment

* fix benchmark

* remove test

* Remove migration code.

* Fix cargo

* Bump spec version

* starting bench

* More

* more

* Payout Validator

* Give each validator exactly n nominators

* Update with test

* Try to add accounts to chain spec

* Undo changes to chainspec

* Payout nominator

* Rebond and Reap Stash

* Set history depth

* fix smelly code

* cancel deferred slash

* new_era bench

* do_slash benchmark

* Add features

* undo extrinsic move

* lower

* Update new era

* Update benchmarking.rs

* whitespace

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* fixes

* nit

* Refactor tests, initial code

* Move session benchmarks to avoid cyclic deps

* Update lib.rs

* Fix warnings

* Move impl

* Update to do random nominator allocation

* add feature to benchmark pallet

* Remove extra stuff

* Update based on feedback

* Less intrusive

* Remove `transfer_idle_users`

* remove again

* unused dep

* test feature flag

* Update to latest substrate

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* System.BlockHash

* Fix hash

* Introduce K/V iteration in all _concat maps

Also move across:
- System.Account (blake2_128_concat)
- Balances.Locks (twox_64_concat)
- ElectionsPhragmen.VotesOf (twox_64_concat)
- ElectionsPhragmen.StakeOf (twox_64_concat)
- Identity.IdentityOf (twox_64_concat)
- Identity.SubsOf (twox_64_concat)
- Society.Payouts (twox_64_concat)
- Session.NextKeys (twox_64_concat)
- Identity.SuperOf (blake2_128_concat)
- Session.KeyOwner (blake2_128_concat)
- Society.SuspendedCandidates (twox_64_concat)
- Society.SuspendedMembers (twox_64_concat)
- Society.Vouching (twox_64_concat)
- Society.Strikes (twox_64_concat)
- System.EventTopics
- Balances.Account

* Build fixes

* Ensure migration happens in correct order

* Staking.*

* Vesting.* Offences.*

* Democracy.*

* Babe.* Collective.*

* Grandpa.*

* Assets.* Benchmark.* Contracts.* Elections.* Asset.* Nicks.*

Also introduce real account list

* ImOnline.*

* Treasury.*

* Recovery.*

* Final bits.

* Docs

* Fix one test

* Fix test

* All passing except the UI tests

* Remove linked_map part 1

* Remove linked_map

* Some iterator utils for double maps.

* Remove old migrations

* Introduce tombstone for LinkedMap type

* Migration for genesis hash

* Fix build

* Fix hash

* Rename Map is_linked -> unused, keeping backwards compat (#5256)

* Update frame/balances/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Update frame/elections/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Remove old migration code.

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Update bin/node/runtime/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Fix hash

* fix session migration

* Fix watning

Co-authored-by: Jaco Greeff <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Robert Habermeier <[email protected]>

* TODOs

* Remove superfluous:

* partial implementation

* full implementation

* fix preferences

* update comments

* upgrade test WIP

* fix more tests

* fix cutoff

* fix saturation

* comment

* upgrade mock

* upgrade test

* WIP migration

* WIP migration

* remove slot stake stuff

* fix merge

* migration of ledger

* remove equalize from test

* add test

* fix

* update doc

* fix compilation

* improve test readibility

* improve doc

* fix most todo

* fix migration and test

* remove println

* WIP

* add test and spec

* weight

* update doc

* safer end_era

* fix exposure of conversion

* Revert "safer end_era"

This reverts commit 72ff737d27be67d87308514b13e2574bc5f09fce.

* fix useless put

* exposure clipped

* doc

* fix payout with clipped

* fix node runtime

* add doc

* pluggable and generalized staking module

* remove print

* update doc

* refactor

* improve documentation and implementation

* fix test

* Fix test

* fix test

* fix test

* fix remove lowest stake from exposure, not biggest.

* nomination index arguments in nominator_payout

* add test

* try to fix offence

* apply slashed and bond eras until active era

* doc

* update spec version

* add test upgrade from previous test environment

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* nominators upgrade has been cleaned

* dynamic history depth implementation

* make current_era - history_depth included

* Change equality check to start era to less than or equal

* Use era specific validator prefs

* Add print statement and comment about start era if <

* fix next_reward overflow

* make more check for bad era claim for zero cost

* small refactor

* code refactor + fix use of deprecated storage

* fix wasm build

* add comment

* Fix tests

* remove outdated comment

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* gather active era information into one storage

Co-authored-by: thiolliere <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Squash and rebase from gav-lazy-reaping

* Bump version

* Bump runtime again

* Docs.

* Remove old functions

* Update frame/balances/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Update frame/contracts/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Warnings

* Bump runtime version

* Update frame/democracy/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

* Clean up OnReapAccount

* Use frame_support debug

* Bump spec

* Renames and fix

* Fix

* Fix rename

* Fix

* Increase time for test

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

* Basic account composition.

* Add try_mutate_exists

* De-duplicate

* Refactor away the UpdateBalanceOutcome

* Expunge final UpdateBalanceOutcome refs

* Refactor transfer

* Refactor reservable currency stuff.

* Test with the alternative setup.

* Fixes

* Test with both setups.

* Fixes

* Fix

* Fix macros

* Make indices opt-in

* Remove CreationFee, and make indices opt-in.

* Fix construct_runtime

* Fix last few bits

* Fix tests

* Update trait impls

* Don't hardcode the system event

* Make tests build and fix some stuff.

* Pointlessly bump runtime version

* Fix benchmark

* Another fix

* Whitespace

* Make indices module economically safe

* Migrations for indices.

* Fix

* Whilespace

* Trim defunct migrations

* Remove unused storage item

* More contains_key fixes

* Docs.

* Bump runtime

* Remove unneeded code

* Fix test

* Fix test

* Update frame/balances/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Fix ED logic

* Repatriate reserved logic

* Typo

* Fix typo

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Last few fixes

* Another fix

* Build fix

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Jaco Greeff <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Add non-zero ed check on Balances genesis

* Update ED from 0 to 1

* bump impl

* bump spec

* Found remove more ed = 0

* Fix some contract tests

* Use ctx.overlay.set_balance for contracts

* Fix staking test

* Remove obsolete logic

* Allow death of payout account in society

* Update frame/balances/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Dont create genesis balances if balance is zero in transaction payment pallet

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* Initially scoping out of the problem

* Remove need for exiry in balance locks.

* Remove expiry from locks.

* Remove supefluous balance test

* Amalgamate pieces of balance module

* Split out vesting

* Fix tests

* Fixes for vesting.

* Docs.

* Weight docs.

* Refactor things in terms of set_balances.

* Switch out ED to be free + reserved.

* Remove on_free_balance_zero and some docs.

* Build fixes

* Update frame/vesting/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Xiliang Chen <[email protected]>

* Update frame/vesting/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Xiliang Chen <[email protected]>

* Migration

* Remove superfluous code.

* Test fixes

* Fix some tests

* Fix repatriate reserve

* Fixes

* Add test for migration

* Final cleanups

* Fix

* Indentation.

* Undo unneeded referencing

* Bump runtime version

* Fixes

Co-authored-by: Xiliang Chen <[email protected]>

* Initial work

* Fix most things

* fix test

* fix old comment

* migration

* fix

* remove useless stuff

* fix

* less spaghetti implementation

* fix initial session

* fix

* Initial run and gun at `OnReapAccount`

* Fix some imports

* More fixes

* Whitespace

* More wack-a-mole

* Gotta catch em all

* Update lib.rs

* Small doc update

* Whitespace

* Make `decl_error!` errors usable

This pr implements support for returning errors of different pallets in
a pallet. These errors need to be declared with `decl_error!`.

The pr changes the following:

- Each dispatchable function now returns a `DispatchResult` which is an
alias for `Result<(), DispatchError>`.
- `DispatchError` is an enum that has 4 variants:
  - `Other`: For storing string error messages
  - `CannotLookup`: Variant that is returned when something returns a
  `sp_runtime::LookupError`
  - `BadOrigin`: Variant that is returned for any kind of bad origin
  - `Module`: The error of a specific module. Contains the `index`,
  `error` and the `message`. The index is the index of the module in
  `construct_runtime!`. `error` is the index of the error in the error
  enum declared by `decl_error!`. `message` is the message to the error
  variant (this will not be encoded).
- `construct_runtime!` now creates a new struct `ModuleToIndex`. This
struct implements the trait `ModuleToIndex`.
- `frame_system::Trait` has a new associated type: `ModuleToIndex` that
expects the `ModuleToIndex` generated by `construct_runtime!`.
- All error strings returned in any module are being converted now to `DispatchError`.
- `BadOrigin` is the default error returned by any type that implements `EnsureOrigin`.

* Fix frame system benchmarks

* Rename: Phase 1.

* Unify codec.

* Fixing: Phase 2

* Fixing: Phase 3.

* Fixing: Phase 4.

* Fixing: Phase 5.

* Fixing: Phase 6.

* Fixing: Phase 7.

* Fixing: Phase 8. Tests

* Fixing: Phase 9. Tests!!!

* Fixing: Phase 10. Moar tests!

* Finally done!

* More fixes.

* Rename primitives:: to sp_core::

* Apply renames in finality-grandpa.

* Fix benches.

* Fix benches 2.

* Revert node-template.

* Fix frame-system in our modules.

* primitives/sr-io -> primitives/io

* fix

* rename

* runtime-io -> sp-io

* git mv

* fix ci

* remove package name

* fix

* fix

* try minimizing diff

* try minimizing diff again

* try minimizing diff again

* Adding script for rename, could be applicable for nodes on top of it, too

* add stderr and gitlab ci features

* apply script

* fix now minor details in expected stderr

* Update the Cargo.lock

* fix name: sc-transaction -> sc-tracing

* fix rename in script, too

* Use Weight instead of u32 everywhere

* Revert Weight declaration

* Fix benches

* define slashing spans

* tests and pruning for slashing-spans record

* validators get slashed before nominators

* apply slash to nominators as well

* chill and end slashing spans

* actually perform slashes

* integration (tests failing)

* prune metadata

* fix compilation

* some tests for slashing and metadata garbage collection

* correctly pass session index to slash handler

* test span-max property for nominators and validators

* test that slashes are summed correctly

* reward value computation

* implement rewarding

* add comment about rewards

* do not adjust slash fraction in offences module

* fix offences tests

* remove unused new_offenders field

* update runtime version

* fix up some docs

* fix some CI failures

* remove no-std incompatible vec! invocation

* try to fix span-max rounding error

* Update srml/staking/src/slashing.rs

Fix type: winow -> window

Co-Authored-By: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>

* slashes from prior spans don't kick validator again

* more information for nominators, suppression

* ensure ledger is consistent with itself post-slash

* implement slash out of unlocking funds also

* slashing: create records to be applied after-the-fact

* queue slashes for a few eras later

* method for canceling deferred slashes

* attempt to fix test in CI

* storage migration for `Nominators`

* update node-runtime to use SlashDeferDuration

* adjust migration entry-points somewhat

* fix migration compilation

* add manual Vec import to migration

* enable migrations feature in node-runtime

* bump runtime version

* update to latest master crate renames

* update to use ensure-origin

* Apply suggestions from code review

use `ensure!`

Co-Authored-By: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* fix multi-slash removal

* initialize storage version to current in genesis

* add test for version initialization

* palette -> frame

* PALETTE, Palette -> FRAME

* Move folder pallete -> frame

* Update docs/Structure.adoc

Co-Authored-By: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

* Update docs/README.adoc

Co-Authored-By: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

* Update README.adoc

* /paint to /palette

* rename paint to palette

* rename the modules in palette to be pallets

* update Structure.adoc

* bump impl

* fix CI directory

* Update docs/Structure.adoc

Co-Authored-By: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

* Adding first rough ouline of the repository structure

* Remove old CI stuff

* add title

* formatting fixes

* move node-exits job's script to scripts dir

* Move docs into subdir

* move to bin

* move maintainence scripts, configs and helpers into its own dir

* add .local to ignore

* move core->client

* start up 'test' area

* move test client

* move test runtime

* make test move compile

* Add dependencies rule enforcement.

* Fix indexing.

* Update docs to reflect latest changes

* Moving /srml->/paint

* update docs

* move client/sr-* -> primitives/

* clean old readme

* remove old broken code in rhd

* update lock

* Step 1.

* starting to untangle client

* Fix after merge.

* start splitting out client interfaces

* move children and blockchain interfaces

* Move trie and state-machine to primitives.

* Fix WASM builds.

* fixing broken imports

* more interface moves

* move backend and light to interfaces

* move CallExecutor

* move cli off client

* moving around more interfaces

* re-add consensus crates into the mix

* fix subkey path

* relieve client from executor

* starting to pull out client from grandpa

* move is_decendent_of out of client

* grandpa still depends on client directly

* lemme tests pass

* rename srml->paint

* Make it compile.

* rename interfaces->client-api

* Move keyring to primitives.

* fixup libp2p dep

* fix broken use

* allow dependency enforcement to fail

* move fork-tree

* Moving wasm-builder

* make env

* move build-script-utils

* fixup broken crate depdencies and names

* fix imports for authority discovery

* fix typo

* update cargo.lock

* fixing imports

* Fix paths and add missing crates

* re-add missing crates

* Refactor out MaxPossibleReward, fix staking arithmetic

* Fix rounding error in test

* Treasury rewards should pay the remainder of the 10%..

* Event for deposits coming into treasury

* Fix tests

* Remove OnDilution

* Remove footgun around session keys/handlers

- `OpaqueKeys` now has an associated type `KeyTypeIdProviders`. This can
be used in the runtime as input for `SessionHandler` from the session
trait.
- `impl_opaque_keys` now works with modules and extracts the `KeyTypeId`
from the module directly.
- Added some checks to the `session` storage initialization that checks
that the `SessionHandler` and `Keys` use the same number of keys and
that the order is equal.

* Update core/sr-primitives/src/traits.rs

* Initial draft that compiles

* Extract payment stuff from balances

* Extract multiplier update stuff from system

* Some fixes.

* Update len-fee as well

* some review comments.

* Remove todo

* bump

This function executes the given closure in a context where the test
externalities are set. This makes the srml tests easier to write, as the
test externalities need to be created anyway.

* Move `Externalities` into `substrate-externalities`

- `Externalities` now support generic extensions
- Split of `primtives-storage` for storage primitive types

* Move the externalities scoping into `substrate-externalities`

* Fix compilation

* Review feedback

* Adds macro for declaring extensions

* Fix benchmarks

* Introduce `ExtensionStore` trait

* Last review comments

* Implement it for `ExtensionStore`

* Macro-ify perthings.

* Refactor fixed64

* Half-workign phragmen refactor.

* Finalize phragmen refactor.

* Fix creation of perquintill

* Fix build errors

* Line-width

* Fix more build errors.

* Line-width

* Fix offence test

* Resolve all TODOs.

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>
Co-Authored-By: thiolliere <[email protected]>

* Fix most of the review comments.

* Updates to multiply by rational

* Fxi build

* Fix abs issue with Fixed64

* Fix tests and improvements.

* Fix build

* Remove more tests from staking.

* Review comments.

* Add fuzzing stuff.

* Better fuzzing

* Better doc.

* Bump.

* Master.into()

* A bit more hardening.

* Final nits.

* Update lock

* Fix indent.

* Revert lock file.

* Bump.