**Update:** Pushed additional changes based on the review comments.

**This pull request fixes various spelling mistakes in this
repository.**

Most of the changes are contained in the first **3** commits:

- `Fix spelling mistakes in comments and docs`

- `Fix spelling mistakes in test names`

- `Fix spelling mistakes in error messages, panic messages, logs and
tracing`

Other source code spelling mistakes are separated into individual
commits for easier reviewing:

- `Fix the spelling of 'authority'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'REASONABLE_HEADERS_IN_JUSTIFICATION_ANCESTRY'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'prev_enqueud_messages'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'endpoint'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'children'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'PenpalSiblingSovereignAccount'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'PenpalSudoAccount'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'insufficient'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'PalletXcmExtrinsicsBenchmark'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'subtracted'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'CandidatePendingAvailability'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'exclusive'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'until'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'discriminator'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'nonexistent'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'subsystem'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'indices'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'committed'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'topology'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'response'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'beneficiary'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'formatted'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'UNKNOWN_PROOF_REQUEST'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'succeeded'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'reopened'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'proposer'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'InstantiationNonce'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'depositor'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'expiration'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'phantom'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'AggregatedKeyValue'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'randomness'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'defendant'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'AquaticMammal'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'transactions'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'PassingTracingSubscriber'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'TxSignaturePayload'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'versioning'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'descendant'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'overridden'`

- `Fix the spelling of 'network'`

Let me know if this structure is adequate.

**Note:** The usage of the words `Merkle`, `Merkelize`, `Merklization`,
`Merkelization`, `Merkleization`, is somewhat inconsistent but I left it
as it is.

~~**Note:** In some places the term `Receival` is used to refer to
message reception, IMO `Reception` is the correct word here, but I left
it as it is.~~

~~**Note:** In some places the term `Overlayed` is used instead of the
more acceptable version `Overlaid` but I also left it as it is.~~

~~**Note:** In some places the term `Applyable` is used instead of the
correct version `Applicable` but I also left it as it is.~~

**Note:** Some usage of British vs American english e.g. `judgement` vs
`judgment`, `initialise` vs `initialize`, `optimise` vs `optimize` etc.
are both present in different places, but I suppose that's
understandable given the number of contributors.

~~**Note:** There is a spelling mistake in `.github/CODEOWNERS` but it
triggers errors in CI when I make changes to it, so I left it as it
is.~~

This PR adds initial support for building RISC-V runtimes targeting
PolkaVM.

- Setting the `SUBSTRATE_RUNTIME_TARGET=riscv` environment variable will
now build a RISC-V runtime instead of a WASM runtime.
- This only adds support for *building* runtimes; running them will need
a PolkaVM-based executor, which I will add in a future PR.
- Only building the minimal runtime is supported (building the Polkadot
runtime doesn't work *yet* due to one of the dependencies).
- The builder now sets a `substrate_runtime` cfg flag when building the
runtimes, with the idea being that instead of doing `#[cfg(not(feature =
"std"))]` or `#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]` to detect that we're
building a runtime you'll do `#[cfg(substrate_runtime)]`. (Switching the
whole codebase to use this will be done in a future PR; I deliberately
didn't do this here to keep this PR minimal and reviewable.)
- Further renaming of things (e.g. types, environment variables and proc
macro attributes having "wasm" in their name) to be target-agnostic will
also be done in a future refactoring PR (while keeping backwards
compatibility where it makes sense; I don't intend to break anyone's
workflow or create unnecessary churn).
- This PR also fixes two bugs in the `wasm-builder` crate:
* The `RUSTC` environment variable is now removed when invoking the
compiler. This prevents the toolchain version from being overridden when
called from a `build.rs` script.
* When parsing the `rustup toolchain list` output the `(default)` is now
properly stripped and not treated as part of the version.
- I've also added a minimal CI job that makes sure this doesn't break in
the future. (cc @paritytech/ci)

cc @athei



------

Also, just a fun little tidbit: quickly comparing the size of the built
runtimes it seems that the PolkaVM runtime is slightly smaller than the
WASM one. (`production` build, with the `names` section substracted from
the WASM's size to keep things fair, since for the PolkaVM runtime we're
currently stripping out everything)

- `.wasm`: 625505 bytes
- `.wasm` (after wasm-opt -O3): 563205 bytes
- `.wasm` (after wasm-opt -Os): 562987 bytes
- `.wasm` (after wasm-opt -Oz): 536852 bytes
- `.polkavm`: ~~580338 bytes~~ 550476 bytes (after enabling extra target
features; I'll add those in another PR once we have an executor working)

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

Followup of https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2217

This PR deletes the README of the `wasm-builder` crate and moves its
docs back into the rustdoc, [as requested
here](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2217#discussion_r1406401175).
(:

Our executor currently only supports the WASM MVP feature set, however
nowadays when compiling WASM the Rust compiler has more features enabled
by default.

We do set the `-C target-cpu=mvp` flag to make sure that *our* code gets
compiled in a way that is compatible with our executor, however this
doesn't affect Rust's standard library crates (`std`, `core` and
`alloc`) which are by default precompiled and still can make use of
these extra features.

So in this PR we force the compiler to also compile the standard library
crates for us to make sure that they also only use the MVP features.

I've added the `WASM_BUILD_STD` environment variable which can be used
to disable this behavior if set to `0`.

Unfortunately this *will* slow down the compile times when building
runtimes, but there isn't much that we can do about that.

Fixes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1755



---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Added ECIES encryption

* tweaks

* fmt

* Make clippy happy

* Use local keystore

* qed

* Support stable rust for compiling the runtime

This pull request brings support for compiling the runtime with stable Rust. This requires at least
rust 1.68.0 to work on stable. The code is written in a way that it is backwards compatible and
should automatically work when someone compiles with 1.68.0+ stable.

* We always support nightlies!

* 🤦



* Sort by version

* Review feedback

* Review feedback

* Fix version parsing

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Koute <[email protected]>

---------

Co-authored-by: Koute <[email protected]>

* Change copyright year to 2023 from 2022

* Fix incorrect update of copyright year

* Remove years from copy right header

* Fix remaining files

* Fix typo in a header and remove update-copyright.sh

* Rename node=runtime to kithensink-runtime

* Undo md formatting

* Support offline env variable in wasm builder

* Clean up

* Improve checks

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Update crate docs

* Add docs to `lib.rs` and introduce helper method `offline_build`

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Add production profile to wasm builder

* Fix profile detection

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Replace panic! by println! + exit

* Default to `release` for wasm on debug builds

* Replaced unwrap by expect

* Update all weights

Rerun on the bm2 server.

Signed-off-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>

* cargo run --quiet --profile=production  --features=runtime-benchmarks --manifest-path=bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml -- benchmark --chain=dev --steps=50 --repeat=20 --pallet=pallet_contracts --extrinsic=* --execution=wasm --wasm-execution=compiled --heap-pages=4096 --output=./frame/contracts/src/weights.rs --template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Parity Bot <[email protected]>

When building a wasm binary from a different repo inside a local workspace, we did not used the
correct `Cargo.toml` to find the correct patches and features. The solution to this is to just walk
up from the target directory until we find the workspace we are currently compiling. If this
heuristic isn't working, we print a warning and let the user set an env variable
`WASM_BUILD_WORKSPACE_HINT` to tell the `wasm-builder` where the actual workspace is.

* reformat everything again

* manual formatting

* last manual fix

* Fix build

* Run cargo fmt on the whole code base

* Second run

* Add CI check

* Fix compilation

* More unnecessary braces

* Handle weights

* Use --all

* Use correct attributes...

* Fix UI tests

* AHHHHHHHHH

* 🤦

* Docs

* Fix compilation

* 🤷

* Please stop

* 🤦

 x 2

* More

* make rustfmt.toml consistent with polkadot

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Happy new year

Updates the copyright years and fixes wrong license headers.

* Fix the template

* Split HEADER into HEADER-APACHE & HEADER-GPL

* Build every wasm crate in its own project with wasm-builder

Building all wasm crates in one workspace was a nice idea, however it
just introduced problems:

1. We needed to prune old members, but this didn't worked for old git
deps.
2. We locked the whole wasm workspace while building one crate. This
could lead to infinitely locking the workspace on a crash.

Now we just build every crate in its own project, this means we will
build the dependencies multiple times. While building the dependencies
multiple times, we still decrease the build time by around 30 seconds
for Polkadot and Substrate because of the new parallelism ;)

* Remove the requirement on wasm-builder-runner

This removes the requirement on wasm-builder-runner by using the new
`build_dep` feature of cargo. We use nightly anyway and that enables us
to use this feature. This solves the problem of not mixing
build/proc-macro deps with normal deps. By doing this we get rid off
this complicated project structure and can depend directly on
`wasm-builder`. This also removes all the code from wasm-builder-runner
and mentions that it is deprecated.

* Copy the `Cargo.lock` to the correct folder

* Remove wasm-builder-runner

* Update docs

* Fix deterministic check

Modified-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Try to make the ui test happy

* Switch to `SKIP_WASM_BUILD`

* Rename `SKIP_WASM_BINARY` to the correct name...

* Update utils/wasm-builder/src/builder.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Update utils/wasm-builder/src/builder.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Make `wasm-builder` print the rustc version

This makes `wasm-builder` print the rustc version that is being used to
compile the project. This is rather useful, because people can check
faster if the used rustc version is maybe known for being broken with
Substrate.

* Apply suggestions from code review

* Add some comments

* Fixes bug in wasm-builder with cargo publish

There was a bug in wasm-builder which resulted in generating a
`Cargo.lock` in the project directory because of running `cargo
metadata`. This resulted in commands like `cargo publish` to fail (if
there was no `Cargo.lock` before building), because it checks that the
project directory isn't modified.

* Update utils/wasm-builder/src/wasm_project.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

This improves the error message of wasm-builder when the wasm toolchain
isn't installed. Currently we print that the wasm toolchain is not
installed, but the actual problem is that there is a bug in the
packaging in rust. This will now be much easier to debug, by printing
the full error message of the compiler.

Because apparently I can not speak properly ;)

* Ignore gc for debug build.

* alternate implementation

* Update utils/wasm-builder/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* fix

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Better handling of stable-only build

* Fix node template build

* Fix wasm builder node-template version mismatch

* Fix load_spec error

* Add , in parameter

* Add descrptive panic messages in tests

* Add descriptive tests in node/executor benches

* Fix missing compact_code_unwrap

* Add missing wasm_binary_unwrap function for executor integration test

* Only define import_sp_io in no_std

* Small Cargo.toml styling fix

* Bump wasm-builder to 2.0.0

* Fix all `with_wasm_builder_from_crates` version in Substrate

* Use `with_wasm_builder_from_crates` for node-template

Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* Improve overall performance

* Clean up code

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Remove needless ::

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Remove needless ::

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* Enable the `runtime-wasm` for wasm builds

This enables the `runtime-wasm` feature for wasm builds. The feature is
not mandatory and will only be activated if it exists in the
`Cargo.toml`.

* Fix compilation

* Update docs

* Uprgade version

* Apply suggestions from code review

* Make `wasm-builder` check before copy/write files if the content is the
same

* Update utils/wasm-builder/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Fix escaping of the wasm file path

* Add separate methods for escaped paths

Instead of just testing `cargo` and `rustup run nightly`, we now test
the `CARGO` env variable and also scan non default nightlies. The user
is also now able to select the toolchain with `WASM_BUILD_TOOLCHAIN`.

* meaningfull -> meaningful

* initialise -> initialize

* tokans -> tokens

* incentivise -> incentivize

* lenght -> length

* incentivisation -> incentivization

* doesnt't -> doesn't

* overwriten -> overwritten

* lifecycle -> life cycle

* lifecycle -> life cycle

* usefull -> useful

* noone -> no one

* spaming -> spamming

* defered -> deferred

* hieght -> height

* sumation -> summation

* ingore -> ignore

* registed -> registered

* Auxialary -> Auxiliary

* loggin -> logging

* independance -> independence

* trailling -> trailing

* responsability -> responsibility

* trunkated -> truncated

* Weither -> Whether

* informations -> information

* Runtume -> Runtime

* choosen -> chosen

* delcataion -> declaration

* Unchekced -> Unchecked

* defintion -> definition

* scrach -> scratch

* imput -> input

* transfered -> transferred

* endownment -> endowment

* Determinator -> Determiner

* relevent -> relevant

* emited -> emitted

* acocunt -> account

* proprotional -> proportional

* instantiaion -> instantiation

* commited -> committed

* tombstonedead -> tombstone

* uwnrap -> unwrap

* acount -> account

* specialised -> specialized

* existant -> existent

* requried -> required

* Anull -> Annul

* AUTHORITES -> AUTHORITIES

* underyling -> underlying

* recognisable -> recognizable

* Capitalise -> Capitalize

* reportfor -> report for

* hearbeat -> heartbeat

* onlineness -> being online

* creater -> creator

* Bytearray -> Byte array

* Despoit -> Deposit

* substratced -> subtracted

* Curent -> Current

* imbalanes -> imbalances

* countfown -> countdown

* inexisting -> inexistent

* additionaly -> additionally

* substracted -> subtracted

* auxilary -> auxiliary

* parital -> partial

* in't -> isn't

* compatability -> compatibility

* infomation -> information

* etected -> detected

* extrinsiscs -> extrinsics

* reprensentation -> representation

* coonfiguration -> configuration

* primtives -> primitives

* miscelanious -> miscellaneous

* VERISON -> VERSION

* endcoded -> encoded

* Genrates -> Generates

* miliseconds -> milliseconds

* occured -> occurred

* trully -> truely

* truely -> truly

* conjuction -> conjunction

* encouters -> encounters

* customised -> customized

* deterministicly -> deterministically

* finalisation -> finalization

* pluggable -> plugable

* wakeup -> wake-up

* interemdiate -> intermediate

* intepreting -> interpreting

* finalzied -> finalized

* throgh -> through

* extinsic -> extrinsic

* convient -> convenient

* allocater -> allocator

* propagateable -> propagatable

* succesfuly -> successfully

* finalising -> finalizing

* publically -> publicly

* phrasee -> phrase

* substration -> substractions

* substractions -> subtractions

* neccessarily -> necessarily

* Inlucde -> Include

* unefficient -> inefficient

* thay -> they

* funtion -> function

* datastructures -> data structures

* infromation -> information

* propagatable -> propagable

* ecountered -> encountered

* recognise -> recognize

* intergration -> integration

* lastet -> latest

* datatypes -> data types

* datatype -> data type

* Strongarming -> Strong Arming

* avaible -> available

* Commiting -> Committing

* Retreiving -> Retrieving

* shoud -> should

* canonicaliziation -> canonicalization

* comitted -> committed

* clonable -> cloneable

* Uknown -> Unknown

* reponse -> response

* arbitary -> arbitrary

* Capapbilities -> Capabilities

* responsbile -> responsible

* initialisation -> initialization

* cames -> came

* intemediate -> intermediate

* reqeust -> request

* intance -> instance

* explcitly -> explicitly

* neighor -> neighbor

* reolving -> resolving

* untill -> until

* Validte -> Validate

* deserailize -> deserialize

* literaly -> literally

* preceeding -> preceding

* abpve -> above

* chcecked -> checked

* numbet -> number

* Unknow -> Unknown

* halfs -> halves

* gossup -> gossip

* givent -> given

* immediatelly -> immediately

* slicable -> sliceable

* conensus -> consensus

* Mimicks -> Mimics

* acccept -> accept

* serialise -> serialize

* exstrinsics -> extrinsics

* panicks -> panics

* maintaince -> maintenance

* repeatidely -> repeatedly

* anecstor -> ancestor

* becasue -> because

* processer -> processor

* Prunning -> Pruning

* insterested -> interested

* unuseful -> not useful

* yeided -> yielded

* descendfing -> descending

* corresponts -> corresponds

* survivew -> survive

* keps -> keeps

* ligh -> light

* prerequisities -> prerequisites

* positiion -> position

* depedency -> dependency

* extrinisic -> extrinsic

* atomicaly -> atomically

* staticly -> statically

* resul -> result

* timestamb -> timestamp

* Utilites -> Utilities

* ammount -> amount

* pocess -> process

* exteral -> external

* Update client/finality-grandpa/src/tests.rs

* Update primitives/io/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update primitives/blockchain/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update frame/support/src/weights.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update bin/node/cli/tests/common.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/api/src/execution_extensions.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/cli/src/params.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/executor/common/src/sandbox.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/api/src/execution_extensions.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/finality-grandpa/src/communication/mod.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/state-db/src/pruning.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update frame/contracts/src/tests.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/api/src/execution_extensions.rs

* bump impl

* timestamb -> timestamp

Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Adding first rough ouline of the repository structure

* Remove old CI stuff

* add title

* formatting fixes

* move node-exits job's script to scripts dir

* Move docs into subdir

* move to bin

* move maintainence scripts, configs and helpers into its own dir

* add .local to ignore

* move core->client

* start up 'test' area

* move test client

* move test runtime

* make test move compile

* Add dependencies rule enforcement.

* Fix indexing.

* Update docs to reflect latest changes

* Moving /srml->/paint

* update docs

* move client/sr-* -> primitives/

* clean old readme

* remove old broken code in rhd

* update lock

* Step 1.

* starting to untangle client

* Fix after merge.

* start splitting out client interfaces

* move children and blockchain interfaces

* Move trie and state-machine to primitives.

* Fix WASM builds.

* fixing broken imports

* more interface moves

* move backend and light to interfaces

* move CallExecutor

* move cli off client

* moving around more interfaces

* re-add consensus crates into the mix

* fix subkey path

* relieve client from executor

* starting to pull out client from grandpa

* move is_decendent_of out of client

* grandpa still depends on client directly

* lemme tests pass

* rename srml->paint

* Make it compile.

* rename interfaces->client-api

* Move keyring to primitives.

* fixup libp2p dep

* fix broken use

* allow dependency enforcement to fail

* move fork-tree

* Moving wasm-builder

* make env

* move build-script-utils

* fixup broken crate depdencies and names

* fix imports for authority discovery

* fix typo

* update cargo.lock

* fixing imports

* Fix paths and add missing crates

* re-add missing crates

* Implement color output for wasm builder

* Fix `Cargo.lock`

Improves user experience.

* Remove the no_std feature from the WASM builder

* Address review

* More fixing

* Address review again

* Fix missing Cargo.lock

* Adds `WASM_TARGET_DIRECTORY` env variable to `wasm-builder`

* Create the `wasm-builder-runner`'s in a common workspace

* Make `wasm-builder` trigger less rebuilds

* Version up

* Adds script for building only the WASM files

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: André Silva <[email protected]>
Co-Authored-By: DemiMarie-parity <[email protected]>

* wasm-builder: use default cargo command if nightly is default toolchain

* wasm-builder: use get_nightly_cargo in prereq check

* wasm-builder: fix check_nightly_installed

* wasm-builder: add cargo command builder struct

* wasm-builder: remove unnecessary stuff

* wasm-builder: just use Strings

* Make `RUSTFLAGS` configurable in `wasm-builder`

* Version ups

* Update `Cargo.lock`

* End build when `wasm-builder` does not find a prerequisite

Using `compile_error!` was a stupid idea by me, as rust would not
re-execute the build.rs.

* Increment the `wasm-builder` version

* Update core/utils/wasm-builder/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: André Silva <[email protected]>

* Don't clutter the output that much

* Support building from `crates` or from `path`

* Upgrade the versions

* Update `Cargo.lock`