* Implement ext_ hashes for contracts (issue #5258)

* load cryto hash .wat from raw string literal instead of file

* update .wat contents for testing crypto hashes

* remove unnecessary 'static

* fix bug in input (call_indirect required 1+ at least it seems)

* no longer use scratch buffer for crypto hash functions

* improve doc comments of ext_ hash functions

* remove unnecessary comment in .wat test file

* add return value (const 0) to contract test to hopefully enable result buffer

* fix bug in contract assertion

* implement proper output_len in contract

* implement proper test for crypto hashes

* bump spec_version 238 -> 239

* fix COMPLEXITY description

* remove final invalid instances of scratch buffer from docs

With this patch forward this will be the only way for
a contract to destroy itself. This patch therefore changes
the semantics of all other contract initiated balance
transfers to fail if they would bring the caller below the
existential deposit.

* contracts: Add ext_transfer call

This call allows contracts to send balance to any account
contract or not. Previously, the only way to do that was
though ext_call.

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Nikolay Volf <[email protected]>

* The define_env! macro does not allow for trailing comma

* Update frame/contracts/src/exec.rs

Co-Authored-By: Nikolay Volf <[email protected]>

* Bump spec version

* Do not use nested gas meter

* Use explicit 0 or 1 as return value

* Remove superflous intermediate binding

Co-authored-by: Nikolay Volf <[email protected]>

* split out ext_clear_storage from ext_set_storage contracts API

* update tests to adjust for the ext_set_storage changes

* adjust COMPLEXITY for the ext_set_storage API changes

* remove value_len == 0 constraint for ext_set_storage

* bump spec_version

* remove guarantee from COMPLEXITY of ext_clear_storage

Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* meaningfull -> meaningful

* initialise -> initialize

* tokans -> tokens

* incentivise -> incentivize

* lenght -> length

* incentivisation -> incentivization

* doesnt't -> doesn't

* overwriten -> overwritten

* lifecycle -> life cycle

* lifecycle -> life cycle

* usefull -> useful

* noone -> no one

* spaming -> spamming

* defered -> deferred

* hieght -> height

* sumation -> summation

* ingore -> ignore

* registed -> registered

* Auxialary -> Auxiliary

* loggin -> logging

* independance -> independence

* trailling -> trailing

* responsability -> responsibility

* trunkated -> truncated

* Weither -> Whether

* informations -> information

* Runtume -> Runtime

* choosen -> chosen

* delcataion -> declaration

* Unchekced -> Unchecked

* defintion -> definition

* scrach -> scratch

* imput -> input

* transfered -> transferred

* endownment -> endowment

* Determinator -> Determiner

* relevent -> relevant

* emited -> emitted

* acocunt -> account

* proprotional -> proportional

* instantiaion -> instantiation

* commited -> committed

* tombstonedead -> tombstone

* uwnrap -> unwrap

* acount -> account

* specialised -> specialized

* existant -> existent

* requried -> required

* Anull -> Annul

* AUTHORITES -> AUTHORITIES

* underyling -> underlying

* recognisable -> recognizable

* Capitalise -> Capitalize

* reportfor -> report for

* hearbeat -> heartbeat

* onlineness -> being online

* creater -> creator

* Bytearray -> Byte array

* Despoit -> Deposit

* substratced -> subtracted

* Curent -> Current

* imbalanes -> imbalances

* countfown -> countdown

* inexisting -> inexistent

* additionaly -> additionally

* substracted -> subtracted

* auxilary -> auxiliary

* parital -> partial

* in't -> isn't

* compatability -> compatibility

* infomation -> information

* etected -> detected

* extrinsiscs -> extrinsics

* reprensentation -> representation

* coonfiguration -> configuration

* primtives -> primitives

* miscelanious -> miscellaneous

* VERISON -> VERSION

* endcoded -> encoded

* Genrates -> Generates

* miliseconds -> milliseconds

* occured -> occurred

* trully -> truely

* truely -> truly

* conjuction -> conjunction

* encouters -> encounters

* customised -> customized

* deterministicly -> deterministically

* finalisation -> finalization

* pluggable -> plugable

* wakeup -> wake-up

* interemdiate -> intermediate

* intepreting -> interpreting

* finalzied -> finalized

* throgh -> through

* extinsic -> extrinsic

* convient -> convenient

* allocater -> allocator

* propagateable -> propagatable

* succesfuly -> successfully

* finalising -> finalizing

* publically -> publicly

* phrasee -> phrase

* substration -> substractions

* substractions -> subtractions

* neccessarily -> necessarily

* Inlucde -> Include

* unefficient -> inefficient

* thay -> they

* funtion -> function

* datastructures -> data structures

* infromation -> information

* propagatable -> propagable

* ecountered -> encountered

* recognise -> recognize

* intergration -> integration

* lastet -> latest

* datatypes -> data types

* datatype -> data type

* Strongarming -> Strong Arming

* avaible -> available

* Commiting -> Committing

* Retreiving -> Retrieving

* shoud -> should

* canonicaliziation -> canonicalization

* comitted -> committed

* clonable -> cloneable

* Uknown -> Unknown

* reponse -> response

* arbitary -> arbitrary

* Capapbilities -> Capabilities

* responsbile -> responsible

* initialisation -> initialization

* cames -> came

* intemediate -> intermediate

* reqeust -> request

* intance -> instance

* explcitly -> explicitly

* neighor -> neighbor

* reolving -> resolving

* untill -> until

* Validte -> Validate

* deserailize -> deserialize

* literaly -> literally

* preceeding -> preceding

* abpve -> above

* chcecked -> checked

* numbet -> number

* Unknow -> Unknown

* halfs -> halves

* gossup -> gossip

* givent -> given

* immediatelly -> immediately

* slicable -> sliceable

* conensus -> consensus

* Mimicks -> Mimics

* acccept -> accept

* serialise -> serialize

* exstrinsics -> extrinsics

* panicks -> panics

* maintaince -> maintenance

* repeatidely -> repeatedly

* anecstor -> ancestor

* becasue -> because

* processer -> processor

* Prunning -> Pruning

* insterested -> interested

* unuseful -> not useful

* yeided -> yielded

* descendfing -> descending

* corresponts -> corresponds

* survivew -> survive

* keps -> keeps

* ligh -> light

* prerequisities -> prerequisites

* positiion -> position

* depedency -> dependency

* extrinisic -> extrinsic

* atomicaly -> atomically

* staticly -> statically

* resul -> result

* timestamb -> timestamp

* Utilites -> Utilities

* ammount -> amount

* pocess -> process

* exteral -> external

* Update client/finality-grandpa/src/tests.rs

* Update primitives/io/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update primitives/blockchain/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update frame/support/src/weights.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update bin/node/cli/tests/common.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/api/src/execution_extensions.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/cli/src/params.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/executor/common/src/sandbox.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/api/src/execution_extensions.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/finality-grandpa/src/communication/mod.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/state-db/src/pruning.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update frame/contracts/src/tests.rs

Co-Authored-By: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* Update client/api/src/execution_extensions.rs

* bump impl

* timestamb -> timestamp

Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <[email protected]>

* contracts: Allow to distinguish out of gas from other traps

When a contract encounters a runtime error a wasm trap is
triggered and the execution is halted. Currently, no matter
what was the cause for the trap it is always reported as:
DispatchError::Other("contract trapped during execution").

However, the trap that is triggered if a contract exhausts
its gas budget is particulary interesting. Therefore we add
a seperate error message for this cause:
DispatchError::Other("ran out of gas during contract execution").

A test is added hat executes a contract that never terminates.
Therefore it always exhausts is gas budget.

* fixup! contracts: Allow to distinguish out of gas from other traps

Remove overlong lines.

* fixup! contracts: Allow to distinguish out of gas from other traps

Rename Contract to Contracts

* Add `get_global` for `Sandbox`

This pr adds `get_global` to retrieve a `global` variable from an
instantiated sandbox wasm blob.

* Bump `spec_version`

* Update primitives/wasm-interface/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Sergei Pepyakin <[email protected]>

* `get_global` -> `get_global_val`

Co-authored-by: Sergei Pepyakin <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

Hero Bird authored Jan 23, 2020 and Sergey Pepyakin committed Jan 23, 2020

* [contracts] add ext_tombstone_deposit

* [contracts] update tombstone_deposit docs

Hero Bird authored Jan 21, 2020 and Sergey Pepyakin committed Jan 21, 2020

* contracts: during execution -> contract trapped during execution

This message confused many people so we are improving it to make clear what happened.

* contracts: rename Event::Contract -> Event::ContractExecution

* contracts: fix tests after ContractExecution renaming

* contracts: Add Evicted and Restored events

* fix doc comment

* wrap to not go over (soft) 100 column line limit

* add event deposit for eventual eviction upon pay_rent

* contracts: adjust tests for the new events

* emit Evicted event immediately and add tombstone flag bool

* Make `decl_error!` errors usable

This pr implements support for returning errors of different pallets in
a pallet. These errors need to be declared with `decl_error!`.

The pr changes the following:

- Each dispatchable function now returns a `DispatchResult` which is an
alias for `Result<(), DispatchError>`.
- `DispatchError` is an enum that has 4 variants:
  - `Other`: For storing string error messages
  - `CannotLookup`: Variant that is returned when something returns a
  `sp_runtime::LookupError`
  - `BadOrigin`: Variant that is returned for any kind of bad origin
  - `Module`: The error of a specific module. Contains the `index`,
  `error` and the `message`. The index is the index of the module in
  `construct_runtime!`. `error` is the index of the error in the error
  enum declared by `decl_error!`. `message` is the message to the error
  variant (this will not be encoded).
- `construct_runtime!` now creates a new struct `ModuleToIndex`. This
struct implements the trait `ModuleToIndex`.
- `frame_system::Trait` has a new associated type: `ModuleToIndex` that
expects the `ModuleToIndex` generated by `construct_runtime!`.
- All error strings returned in any module are being converted now to `DispatchError`.
- `BadOrigin` is the default error returned by any type that implements `EnsureOrigin`.

* Fix frame system benchmarks

* Rename: Phase 1.

* Unify codec.

* Fixing: Phase 2

* Fixing: Phase 3.

* Fixing: Phase 4.

* Fixing: Phase 5.

* Fixing: Phase 6.

* Fixing: Phase 7.

* Fixing: Phase 8. Tests

* Fixing: Phase 9. Tests!!!

* Fixing: Phase 10. Moar tests!

* Finally done!

* More fixes.

* Rename primitives:: to sp_core::

* Apply renames in finality-grandpa.

* Fix benches.

* Fix benches 2.

* Revert node-template.

* Fix frame-system in our modules.

* primitives/sr-std -> primitives/std

* fix

* fix conflict

* rstd -> sp-std

* git mv

* fix review

* fix merge

* Adding script for rename, could be applicable for nodes on top of it, too

* add stderr and gitlab ci features

* apply script

* fix now minor details in expected stderr

* Update the Cargo.lock

* fix name: sc-transaction -> sc-tracing

* fix rename in script, too

* palette -> frame

* PALETTE, Palette -> FRAME

* Move folder pallete -> frame

* Update docs/Structure.adoc

Co-Authored-By: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

* Update docs/README.adoc

Co-Authored-By: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

* Update README.adoc