Merge branch 'liam-staking-rewards-pallet' of github.com:paritytech/polkadot-sdk into liam-staking-rewards-pallet

Closes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3909

fixes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3775

Additionally moves the claim queue fetch utilities into
`subsystem-util`.

TODO:
- [x] fix tests
- [x] add elastic scaling tests

---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <andrei-mihail@parity.io>

Fixes
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3884#issuecomment-2026058687

After moving regression tests to benchmarks
(https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/3741) we don't need to
filter tests anymore.

---------

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>
Signed-off-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <oliver.tale-yazdi@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Andrei Sandu <54316454+sandreim@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Alin Dima <alin@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Andrei Sandu <andrei-mihail@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <oliver.tale-yazdi@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Javier Viola <363911+pepoviola@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Serban Iorga <serban@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <adrian@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>
Co-authored-by: Alexandru Vasile <60601340+lexnv@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Niklas Adolfsson <niklasadolfsson1@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Dastan <88332432+da...

Adds implementation for `SortedMembers::add` for _pallet-membership_
benchmarks.

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

Added `TryFrom<&'a RuntimeString> for &'a str`

This PR includes the following 2 improvements:

## Ethereum Client

Author: @yrong 
### Original Upstream PRs
- https://github.com/Snowfork/polkadot-sdk/pull/123
- https://github.com/Snowfork/polkadot-sdk/pull/125

### Description
The Ethereum client syncs beacon headers as they are finalized, and
imports every execution header. When a message is received, it is
verified against the import execution header. This is unnecessary, since
the execution header can be sent with the message as proof. The recent
Deneb Ethereum upgrade made it easier to locate the relevant beacon
header from an execution header, and so this improvement was made
possible. This resolves a concern @svyatonik had in our initial Rococo
PR:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2522#discussion_r1431270691

## Inbound Queue

Author: @yrong 
### Original Upstream PR
- https://github.com/Snowfork/polkadot-sdk/pull/118

### Description
When the AH sovereign account (who pays relayer rewards) is depleted,
the inbound message will not fail. The relayer just will not receive
rewards.

Both these changes were done by @yrong, many thanks. ❤️



---------

Co-authored-by: claravanstaden <Cats 4 life!>
Co-authored-by: Ron <yrong1997@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vincent Geddes <vincent@snowfork.com>
Co-authored-by: Svyatoslav Nikolsky <svyatonik@gmail.com>

migrations: prevent accidentally using unversioned migrations instead of `VersionedMigration` (#3835)

closes #1324 

#### Problem
Currently, it is possible to accidentally use inner unversioned
migration instead of `VersionedMigration` since both implement
`OnRuntimeUpgrade`.

#### Solution

With this change, we make it clear that value of `Inner` is not intended
to be used directly. It is achieved by bounding `Inner` to new trait
`UncheckedOnRuntimeUpgrade`, which has the same interface (except
`unchecked_` prefix) as `OnRuntimeUpgrade`.

#### `try-runtime` functions

Since developers can implement `try-runtime` for `Inner` value in
`VersionedMigration` and have custom logic for it, I added the same
`try-runtime` functions to `UncheckedOnRuntimeUpgrade`. I looked for a
ways to not duplicate functions, but couldn't find anything that doesn't
significantly change the codebase. So I would appreciate If you have any
suggestions to improve this

cc @liamaharon @xlc 

polkadot address: 16FqwPZ8GRC5U5D4Fu7W33nA55ZXzXGWHwmbnE1eT6pxuqcT

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>

Working towards migrating the `parity-bridges-common` repo inside
`polkadot-sdk`. This PR upgrades some dependencies in order to align
them with the versions used in `parity-bridges-common`

Related to
https://github.com/paritytech/parity-bridges-common/issues/2538

chainHead: Allow methods to be called from within a single connection context and limit connections (#3481)

This PR ensures that the chainHead RPC class can be called only from
within the same connection context.

The chainHead methods are now registered as raw methods. 
- https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpsee/pull/1297
The concept of raw methods is introduced in jsonrpsee, which is an async
method that exposes the connection ID:
The raw method doesn't have the concept of a blocking method. Previously
blocking methods are now spawning a blocking task to handle their
blocking (ie DB) access. We spawn the same number of tasks as before,
however we do that explicitly.

Another approach would be implementing a RPC middleware that captures
and decodes the method parameters:
- https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/3343
However, that approach is prone to errors since the methods are
hardcoded by name. Performace is affected by the double deserialization
that needs to happen to extract the subscription ID we'd like to limit.
Once from the middleware, and once from the methods itself.

This PR paves the way to implement the chainHead connection limiter:
- https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1505
Registering tokens (subscription ID / operation ID) on the
`RpcConnections` could be extended to return an error when the maximum
number of operations is reached.

While at it, have added an integration-test to ensure that chainHead
methods can be called from within the same connection context.

Before this is merged, a new JsonRPC release should be made to expose
the `raw-methods`:
- [x] Use jsonrpsee from crates io (blocked by:
https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpsee/pull/1297)

Closes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3207


cc @paritytech/subxt-team

---------

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Niklas Adolfsson <niklasadolfsson1@gmail.com>

This outputs:
```
2024-04-02 14:36:02.135 ERROR tokio-runtime-worker beefy: 🥩 for session starting at block 21990151
no BEEFY authority key found in store, you must generate valid session keys
(https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-polkadot#generating-the-session-keys)
```
error log entry, once every session, for nodes running with
`Role::Authority` that have no public BEEFY key in their keystore

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>

Pulling the latest changes from `parity-bridges-common`

This version includes:

- Internal metrics of zombienet (used to benchmark with v2).

When using `schedule_code_upgrade` to change the code of a parachain in
the relay chain runtime, we had already fixed to not set the `GoAhead`
signal. This was done to not brick any parachain after the upgrade,
because they were seeing the signal without having any upgrade prepared.
The remaining problem is that the parachain code is only upgraded after
a parachain header was enacted, aka the parachain made some progress.
However, this is quite complicated if the parachain is bricked (which is
the most common scenario why to manually schedule a code upgrade). Thus,
this pull request replaces `SetGoAhead` with `UpgradeStrategy` to signal
to the logic kind of strategy want to use. The strategies are either
`SetGoAheadSignal` or `ApplyAtExpectedBlock`. `SetGoAheadSignal` sets
the go ahead signal as before and awaits a parachain block.
`ApplyAtExpectedBlock` schedules the upgrade and applies it directly at
the `expected_block` without waiting for the parachain to make any kind
of progress.

Fix "double-weights" for extrinsics, use only the ones benchmarked in
the runtime.

Deprecate extrinsics that don't specify WeightLimit, remove their usage
across the repo.

---------

Signed-off-by: Adrian Catangiu <adrian@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

derive-syn-parse v0.2.0 came out recently which (finally) adds support
for syn 2x.

Upgrading to this will remove many of the places where syn 1x was still
compiling alongside syn 2x in the polkadot-sdk workspace.

This also upgrades `docify` to 0.2.8 which is the version that upgrades
derive-syn-pasre to 0.2.0.

Additionally, this consolidates the `docify` versions in the repo to all
use the latest, and in one case upgrades to the 0.2x syntax where 0.1.x
was still being used.

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>

Rejoice! Rejoice! The story is nearly over.

This PR removes stale migrations, auxiliary structures, and package
dependencies, thus making Rococo and Westend totally free from any
`im-online`-related stuff.

`im-online` still stays a part of the Substrate node and its runtime:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/0d9324847391e902bb42f84f0e76096b1f764efe/substrate/bin/node/runtime/src/lib.rs#L2276-L2277
I'm not sure if it makes sense to remove it from there considering that
we're not removing `im-online` from FRAME. Please share your opinion.

fix https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/3921



---------

Signed-off-by: Andrei Sandu <andrei-mihail@parity.io>

Fix links

Related CI failure:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/actions/runs/8455425042/job/23162858534?pr=3859

Runtime release 1.2 includes bumping of the ParachainHost APIs up to
v10, so let's move all the released APIs out of vstaging folder, this PR
does not include any logic changes only renaming of the modules and some
moving around.

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Gheorghe <alexandru.gheorghe@parity.io>