* Make `Digest` support `StorageAppend`

This adds support for `StorageAppend` to `Digest`. Digest is just a
wrapper around a `Vec` and we abuse the fact that SCALE does not puts
any special marker into the encoding for structs. So, we can just append
to the encoded Digest. A test is added that ensures, if the `Digest`
format ever changes, we remove this optimization.

* Update weight

* Update frame/support/src/storage/mod.rs

Co-authored-by: Alexander Popiak <[email protected]>

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Alexander Popiak <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Alexander Popiak <[email protected]>

* session: runtime api for generating session membership proofs

* grandpa: add runtime api for creating equivocation report txs

* grandpa: submit signed equivocation report transactions

* grandpa: use proper equivocation report type

* grandpa: report equivocations

* grandpa: validate equivocation proof

* grandpa: update to finality-grandpa 0.9.1

* grandpa: fix encoding of session membership proof

* grandpa: initialize set id session mapping for genesis session

* grandpa: fix bug in set_id session validation

* fix compilation

* cleanup from merge conflicts

* cleanup crate tomls

* grandpa: refactor equivocation handling to separate trait

* node-template: fix compilation

* fix test compilation

* bump finality-grandpa to v0.10.2

* rpc: fix runtime version test

* CHERRY-PICK #4200: Add documentation to SubmitSignedTransaction and actually make it work

Squashed commit of the following:

commit 4f2cb0b1c588a06f2f3b478bb4b28b5cb29d54b9
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Tue Dec 3 16:29:33 2019 +0100

    Split the method to avoid confusing type error message.

commit c5bf24eeaaf902add89ed1b046b22c4a4aaeb2cd
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Tue Dec 3 16:19:55 2019 +0100

    Make accounts optional, fix logic.

commit 97db1ef556e023cf6847e5ffdb036c0e3ea6fb0a
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Tue Dec 3 10:06:20 2019 +0100

    Remove warning.

commit 535f5c116d1a2e826eaf90c3f7e6798e443d61d8
Merge: 516257217 0f1a5f65
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Tue Dec 3 07:08:05 2019 +0100

    Merge branch 'master' into td-signed-transactions

commit 516257217bac89fcebd083712f4ea68b7b23b55a
Merge: ac98248c6 2e68c80c
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Dec 2 13:57:25 2019 +0100

    Merge branch 'master' into td-signed-transactions

commit ac98248c6c56cff381130645a82a13d29933cf83
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Nov 25 17:34:52 2019 +0100

    Forgotten import.

commit 67a3c19031506c28e31c6bc4a90fff62d467dd58
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Nov 25 17:32:10 2019 +0100

    Fix naming and bounds.

commit 93e768ea9df97a4629fca1f9bc4b108fdb33f876
Author: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Nov 25 17:01:05 2019 +0100

    Add documentation to signed transactions and actually make them work.

* grandpa: skip block initialization on report submission method

* primitives: allow transaction pool access by default for offchain calls

* grandpa: unused parameters

* grandpa: remove unused method

* grandpa: enable equivocation reporting

* grandpa: add workaround for parameter encoding

* grandpa: fix localized_payload calls in tests

* fix submit_report_equivocation_extrinsic in runtimes

* node: fix submit transaction test compilation

* node: bump spec_version

* rpc: fix api version test

* grandpa: allow custom equivocation offence type

* grandpa: add test for authorities::next_change_height

* grandpa: cleanup report_equivocation function

* node: move reporting app crypto to node-primitives

* grandpa: move equivocation traits to own module

* grandpa: rename app-crypto crate import

* grandpa: export equivocation types

* node: bump spec_version

* grandpa: rename EquivocationReport to EquivocationProof

* grandpa: add missing docs to primitives

* grandpa: add missing docs to equivocation

* node: fix compilation

* grandpa: add missing docs to pallet

* node: bump spec_version

* fix whitespace

* grandpa: return error on offence reporting

* grandpa: expose session and validator count in proofs through traits

* grandpa: use strong key in module KeyOwnerProofSystem

* grandpa: move key ownership proof to grandpa runtime api

* grandpa: remove unnecessary cloning when checking equivocation proof

* grandpa: make report_equivocation a method in Environment

* support: implement KeyOwnerProofSystem for ()

* grandpa: move KeyOwnerProofSystem to module trait

* test-utils: fix runtime compilation

* grandpa: fix test compilation

* grandpa: fix test compilation after merge

* grandpa: simplify transaction submission types

* grandpa: validate equivocation report in signed extension

* client: fix test

* node: use ValidateEquivocationReport signed extension

* grandpa: expose key ownership proof under opaque type

* grandpa: better docs on key ownership proofs

* grandpa: add note about signed extension

* grandpa: add ValidateEquivocationReport::new

* grandpa: remove skip_initialize_block from runtime api

* grandpa: use new offchain transaction submission API

* grandpa: take set_id in generate_key_ownership_proof

* grandpa: update to finality-grandpa v0.12.2

* grandpa: cleanup usages of AuthoritySet::current

* grandpa: fix test

* grandpa: add mocking utilities for equivocation reporting

* grandpa: add test for equivocation reporting

* grandpa: move SetIdSession initialization

* grandpa: add more tests

* node: enable historical session manager

* node: bump spec_version

* node: use strong key types in KeyOwnerProofSystem definitions

* grandpa: export GrandpaEquivocationOffence type

* really rough mock runtime

* start to work on offences

* Make sure to start the session.

* Update to latest master.

* Add verify.

* Fix on_initialize benchmark.

* Add grandpa offence.

* Add Babe offence benchmarking.

* Enable babe test.

* Address review grumbles.

* Address review grumbles.

* Address review grumbles part 1/2

* use currency trait

* features

* Check events explicitly.

* Auto-impl tuple converter.

* Removed dead code.

* add test feature flag

* dont use std

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Start improving `storage_append`

* Fix some stuff

* Fix compilation

* Update docs and add new test

* More tests

* Test kill + append

* Move weight values to `frame_support`

* more accurate comment

* update balances

* vesting

* update util

* Add weight to time constants

* use weight constants in weights

* update tests

* vrf: remove Raw* types

* babe: remove Raw* types

* pallet-babe: switch representation of RawVRFOutput to Randomness

* pallet-babe: calculate inout within the pallet

* Remove make_transcript duplication

* Bump spec version

* Fix frame tests

* and_then -> map

* Always enable u64_backend

* Fix nostd compile

* fix import: should not use std

* Remove unused definition of RawVRFOutput

* Remove unused import of RuntimeDebug

Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* remove old migration code

* Remove old staking

* Remove indices migration

* Remove upgrade test in transaction-payment

* oops

* Revert "Remove old staking"

This reverts commit 95262b1ac43c9b5bcf49d2ae80800feabcbbbaa0.

* remove migration test in staking

* fix warnings

* i7 weights

* fix full block test

* fix merge

* fix priority

* minor fixes for elections-phragmen

* Update frame/elections-phragmen/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Update frame/elections-phragmen/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <[email protected]>

* Frame System Benchmarking

* Add to substrate node, avoid divide by zero errors in analysis

* reduce features

* some fixes

* copy pasta

* calculate weight for timestamp::set

* reduce db count in kill_identity weight calculation

* return weight of on_finalize in on_initialize

* add comment

* import Weight

* address review comments to update db weight count

* fix full block import test

* update weights and benchmark info to latest benchmark data

* update identity pallet weights and benchmark info

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* Add support for modules to require inherent to be present

* Bump node impl version

* Allow is_inherent_required itself to return error

This handles the case if runtime fails to check the inherent data (if the
inherent data is invalid, etc).

* typo: &module -> $module

* fix: iter

* Update vesting weights

* Update weight numbers

* treasury weight formula

* use max tippers count

* doc

* Fix upper bound

* rounding a bit

* remove unused + doc

* as u64 -> as Weight

* 2 significative digits rounded up

* rename ContainsCountUpperBound -> ContainsLengthBound

* add doc

* sender account -> origin account

* fix

* remove unnecessary re-export

* enable unleash

* Revert "enable unleash"

This reverts commit 30f11d7befea904d5e9c8c117a1b79eb3e184150.

* Revert "remove unnecessary re-export"

This reverts commit 74229f99587d1e17985b5e7f656f70d32b0e9ebe.

* fix missing std def

* Revert "Revert "enable unleash""

This reverts commit 323fb913c38c8f1ac7424dd22e5f918ff6a0b596.

* Revert "Revert "Revert "enable unleash"""

This reverts commit 3f199674ae024edc32a2ab7ce3a15013d2b285a1.

* Fix flaky staking test

* Better doc

* Update frame/staking/src/tests.rs

Co-Authored-By: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

* implementation using Keys::decode_len

* add heartbeat new param

* address issues

* improve doc

* fix test

* fix overflow

* Master.into()

* Remove debug stuff

* Better license

* Migrate away from SimpleDispatchInfo

* Fix test

* Revert "Migrate away from SimpleDispatchInfo"

This reverts commit dbdd27fa19948f16bd17defdc01d3dd32986df11.

* Move to offchain randomness

* Fix tests

* Fix tests more

* use append api to deposit events

* use optimized append

* one more optimization

* fix bug

* fix issues

* address review

This adds support for registering custom runtime upgrade logic that can
be implemented in the runtime directly instead of putting it into a module.

* expose constants

* bump version

* Introduce `BlockExectionWeight` and `ExtrinsicBaseWeight`

* Add new traits everywhere

* Missed one update

* fix tests

* Update `check_weight` logic

* introduce `max_extrinsic_weight` function

* fix + add tests

* format nits

* remove println

* make test a bit more clear

* Remove minimum weight

* newlines left over from find/replace

* Fix test, improve clarity

* Fix executor tests

* Extrinsic base weight same as old `MINIMUM_WEIGHT`

* fix example test

* Expose constants

* Add test for full block with operational and normal

* Initiate test environment with `BlockExecutionWeight` weight

* format nit

* Update frame/system/src/lib.rs

Co-Authored-By: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* Replace `TransactionBaseFee` with `ExtrinsicBaseWeight` (#5761)

* Replace `TransactionBaseFee` with `ExtrinsicBaseFee`

* Fix stuff

* Fix and make tests better

* Forgot to update this test

* Fix priority number in test

* Remove minimum weight from merge

* Fix weight in contracts

* remove `TransactionBaseFee` from contract tests

* Let `register_extra_weight_unchecked` go past `MaximumBlockWeight`

* address feedback

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <[email protected]>

* weight formula for session except on_initialize

* fix typo and set on_initialize to MaxWeight

* Add note

* add old_registrar_count as param to estimate weight

* cast count to Weight

Co-Authored-By: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

* add weight calculation for set_identity

* remove superfluous weight comment

* add detailed weight estimation for set_subs

* adjust benchmarking code to the new API

* add second parameter to set_subs benchmark

* rename o to p

* calculate weight based on benchmarks

* use try_mutate for registrars

* fix weight number typo

* update weights for set_subs + add weights for clear_identity and request_judgement

* improve naming and docs

* add weight calculation for cancel_request

* fix benchmark

* fix tests

* fix arithmetic overflow in balances triggered by tests

* add weight calcluations for more dispatchables

* add weight calculation for provide_judgement

* mark param as unused

* add MaxRegistrars associated type used for weight estimation

* check that MaxRegistrars is not exceeded

* add remaining weight calculations

* use weight refunds to use more constants in weight estimation

* adjust usage of clear_identity

* refund request_judgement weights and remove param

* refund weights for cancel_request and remove param

* add remaining refunds and remove params

* refund weight for set_subs and remove param

* make comment more specific

* add range note to benchmarking docs

* fix inconsistencies before review

* fix actual weight calculation for add_registrar

* remove duplicate balance ops weights + refund on all dispatchables

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>

Co-Authored-By: thiolliere <[email protected]>

* transition treasury to configurable moduleids

* make election module id configurable

* convert runtime and pallet to accept module id config elections-phragmen

* add ModuleId to evm pallet

* change society pallet to configurable module id

* delete commented out module_id

* delete commented out code and merge in upstream  master

* try and convert 4 whitespace to tab

* fix remaining space to tab conversions

* trivial cleaning

* delete comment from elections-phragrems tests

* trivial

* Update frame/elections-phragmen/src/lib.rs

* add docs for elections and elections phragmen

* make has_lock test get moduleid dynamically

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-Authored-By: Amar Singh <[email protected]>

* make sure get is imported to evm

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Amar Singh <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Benjamin Kampmann <[email protected]>

Co-Authored-By: Tomasz Drwięga <[email protected]>
Co-Authored-By: Sergei Pepyakin <[email protected]>

Co-Authored-By: thiolliere <[email protected]>