Getting Started Script (#4879)

closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/4879

Provide a fast and easy way for people to get started developing with
Polkadot SDK.

Sets up a development environment (including Rust) and clones and builds
the minimal template.

Polkadot address: 16xyKzix34WZ4um8C3xzMdjKhrAQe9DjCf4KxuHsmTjdcEd

---------

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <5588131+kianenigma@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <oliver.tale-yazdi@parity.io>

README.md

@@ -21,6 +21,12 @@ forks](https://img.shields.io/github/forks/paritytech/polkadot-sdk)
 
 </div>
 
+## ⚡ Quickstart
+If you want to get an example node running quickly you can execute the following getting started script:
+```
+curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/scripts/getting-started.sh 
+```
+
 ## 📚 Documentation
 
 * [🦀 rust-docs](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/polkadot_sdk_docs/index.html)

scripts/getting-started.sh

+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+
+set -e
+
+prompt() {
+    while true; do
+        echo "$1 [y/N]"
+        read yn
+        case $yn in
+            [Yy]* ) return 0;;  # Yes, return 0 (true)
+            [Nn]* ) return 1;;  # No, return 1 (false)
+            "" ) return 1;;     # Default to no if user just presses Enter
+            * ) echo "Please answer yes or no.";;
+        esac
+    done
+}
+
+prompt_default_yes() {
+    while true; do
+        echo "$1 [Y/n]"
+        read yn
+        case $yn in
+            [Yy]* ) return 0;;  # Yes, return 0 (true)
+            [Nn]* ) return 1;;  # No, return 1 (false)
+            "" ) return 0;;     # Default to yes if user just presses Enter
+            * ) echo "Please answer yes or no.";;
+        esac
+    done
+}
+
+cat <<EOF
+
+ Welcome to the
+
+     , __       _   _                          ____  ____  _  __
+    /|/  \     | | | |           |            / ___||  _ \| |/ /
+     |___/ __  | | | |   __,   __|   __ _|_   \___ \| | | | ' / 
+     |    /  \_|/  |/_) /  |  /  |  /  \_|     ___) | |_| | . \ 
+     |    \__/ |__/| \_/\_/|_/\_/|_/\__/ |_/  |____/|____/|_|\_\ 
+                                                                    quickstart!
+
+⚡ We will be setting up an example template and its environment for you to experiment with.
+EOF
+
+# Determine OS
+os_name=$(uname -s)
+if [ "$os_name" = "Darwin" ]; then
+    echo "🍎 Detected macOS. Installing dependencies via Homebrew."
+
+    # Check if brew is installed
+    if command -v brew >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        echo "\n✅︎🍺 Homebrew already installed."
+    else
+        if prompt_default_yes "\n🍺 Homebrew is not installed. Install it?"; then
+            echo "🍺 Installing Homebrew."
+            /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
+        else
+            echo "❌ Cannot continue without homebrew. Aborting."
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    brew update
+    if command -v git >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        echo "\n✅︎🍺 git already installed."
+    else
+        if prompt_default_yes "\n🍺 git seems to be missing but we will need it; install git?"; then
+            brew install git
+        else
+            echo "❌ Cannot continue without git. Aborting."
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    if prompt "\n🍺 Install cmake, openssl and protobuf?"; then
+        brew install cmake openssl protobuf
+    else
+        echo "🍺 Assuming cmake, openssl and protobuf are present."
+    fi
+elif [ "$os_name" = "Linux" ]; then
+    # find the distro name in the release files
+    distro=$( cat /etc/*-release | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | grep -Poi '(debian|ubuntu|arch|fedora|opensuse)' | uniq | head -n 1 )
+
+    if [ "$distro" = "ubuntu" ]; then
+        echo "\n🐧 Detected Ubuntu. Using apt to install dependencies."
+        sudo apt install --assume-yes git clang curl libssl-dev protobuf-compiler
+    elif [ "$distro" = "debian" ]; then
+        echo "\n🐧 Detected Debian. Using apt to install dependencies."
+        sudo apt install --assume-yes git clang curl libssl-dev llvm libudev-dev make protobuf-compiler
+    elif [ "$distro" = "arch" ]; then
+        echo "\n🐧 Detected Arch Linux. Using pacman to install dependencies."
+        pacman -Syu --needed --noconfirm curl git clang make protobuf
+    elif [ "$distro" = "fedora" ]; then
+        echo "\n🐧 Detected Fedora. Using dnf to install dependencies."
+        sudo dnf update
+        sudo dnf install clang curl git openssl-devel make protobuf-compiler
+    elif [ "$distro" = "opensuse" ]; then
+        echo "\n🐧 Detected openSUSE. Using zypper to install dependencies."
+        sudo zypper install clang curl git openssl-devel llvm-devel libudev-devel make protobuf
+    else
+        if prompt "\n🐧 Unknown Linux distribution. Unable to install dependencies. Continue anyway?"; then
+            echo "\n🐧 Proceeding with unknown linux distribution..."
+        else
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    fi
+else
+    echo "❌ Unknown operating system. Aborting."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Check if rust is installed
+if command -v rustc >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    echo "\n✅︎🦀 Rust already installed."
+else
+    if prompt_default_yes "\n🦀 Rust is not installed. Install it?"; then
+        echo "🦀 Installing via rustup."
+        curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
+    else
+        echo "Aborting."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
+
+# Ensure that we have wasm support
+if prompt_default_yes "\n🦀 Setup the Rust environment (e.g. WASM support)?"; then
+    echo "🦀 Setting up Rust environment."
+    rustup default stable
+    rustup update
+    rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown
+    rustup component add rust-src
+fi
+
+if [ -d "minimal-template" ]; then
+    echo "\n✅︎ minimal-template directory already exists. -> Entering."
+else
+    echo "\n↓ Let's grab the minimal template from github."
+    git clone https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk-minimal-template.git minimal-template
+fi
+cd minimal-template
+
+echo "\n⚙️ Let's compile the node."
+cargo build --release
+
+if prompt_default_yes "\n🚀 Everything ready to go, let's run the node?"; then
+    cargo run --release -- --dev
+fi