Update and test the `getting-started` script (#5446)

Here are some changes to the `getting-started.sh` scripts we have
advertised on top of the readme.

### Changes to the script

1. Change `echo` to a more portable `printf`.

On my machine, the script printed a literal `\n` string if run with
`bash`.
If I changed it to `echo -e`, then it printed a literal `-e` if run with
`sh`.

Changed it to `printf` which is more portable.

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2. Template selection

The script proceeded to clone and build the `minimal` template, which is
not always what we want.
Added a selection prompt where the user can select one of the 3
templates, and choose if it should be built&run or not.
The user can also select no template at all - that way, we have a
starter of a dependencies-installation script.

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3. Added some missing dependencies for some of the systems.

### A workflow testing the script

I propose a workflow, that will test the script using the
[expect](https://core.tcl-lang.org/expect/index) tool.
For each OS men...