Use trie-cache for `validate_block` (#2813)

* Simple cache

* Fix node insertion

* Switch to hashbrown hashmap

* Remove unused phantomdata

* Return error when fetch_node fails

* Remove cargo patches

* Move trie cache to extra module

* Add ReadOnceBackend

* Add readonlybackend

* Improve naming and get_or_insert

* Stylistic improvements

* Improve naming, add docs

* Revert unwanted changes

* Remove unused dependencies

* Improve docs

* Use RefCell

* lockfile

* Remove ReadOnceBackend

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>

* Code review

* Do not use value cache when calculating storage roots

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Davide Galassi <[email protected]>

* Remove hash-db dep

* Update pallets/parachain-system/src/validate_block/trie_cache.rs

Co-authored-by: Anton <[email protected]>

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Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Davide Galassi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Anton <[email protected]>