TrieCache: Fine tune the size of the local and node cache (#14191)

First, we increase the size to 10MiB for the local cache. Second, we give the node cache a bigger
max size than the value cache, see the changed comment on why.

In general this should ensure that we are able to cache the `:code` and not directly throw it out of
the cache because it is too big (which currently happens when the size of the runtime > 2MiB). In
the future this should be improved to ensure that certain values are not removed from the cache at
all, like `:code`.