Block import and verification refactoring (#4844)

A few refactorings to block import and block verification that should
not be controversial.

Block verification before block import is stateless by design as
described in https://substrate.stackexchange.com/a/1322/25 and the fact
that it wasn't yet I consider to be a bug. Some code that requires it
had to use `Mutex`, but I do not expect it to have a measurable
performance impact.

Similarly with block import checking whether block preconditions should
not be an exclusive operation, there is nothing fundamentally wrong with
checking a few competing blocks whose parent blocks exist at the same
time (and even import them concurrently later, though IIRC this is not
yet implemented either).

They were originally a part of
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/4842 and upstreaming
will help us to reduce the size of the patch we need to apply on top of
upstream code at Subspace every time we upgrade. There are no new
features introduced here, just refactoring to get rid of unnecessary
requirements.