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/// pub(super) type MyStorage<T> =
/// StorageMap<Hasher = Blake2_128Concat, Key = u32, Value = u32>;
/// // Declare the genesis config (optional).
/// // The macro accepts either a struct or an enum; it checks that generics are consistent.
/// // Type must implement the `Default` trait.
/// #[pallet::genesis_config]
/// #[derive(Default)]
/// pub struct GenesisConfig {
/// _myfield: u32,
/// }
///
/// // Declare genesis builder. (This is need only if GenesisConfig is declared)
/// #[pallet::genesis_build]
/// impl<T: Config> GenesisBuild<T> for GenesisConfig {
/// fn build(&self) {}
/// }
///
/// // Declare a pallet origin (this is optional).
/// //
/// // The macro accept type alias or struct or enum, it checks generics are consistent.
/// #[pallet::origin]
/// pub struct Origin<T>(PhantomData<T>);
///
/// // Declare validate_unsigned implementation (this is optional).
/// #[pallet::validate_unsigned]
/// impl<T: Config> ValidateUnsigned for Pallet<T> {
/// type Call = Call<T>;
/// fn validate_unsigned(
/// source: TransactionSource,
/// call: &Self::Call
/// ) -> TransactionValidity {
/// Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(InvalidTransaction::Call))
/// }
/// }
///
/// // Declare inherent provider for pallet (this is optional).
/// #[pallet::inherent]
/// impl<T: Config> ProvideInherent for Pallet<T> {
/// type Call = Call<T>;
/// type Error = InherentError;
///
/// const INHERENT_IDENTIFIER: InherentIdentifier = INHERENT_IDENTIFIER;
///
/// fn create_inherent(_data: &InherentData) -> Option<Self::Call> {
/// unimplemented!();
/// }
///
/// fn is_inherent(_call: &Self::Call) -> bool {
/// unimplemented!();
/// }
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/// }
///
/// // Regular rust code needed for implementing ProvideInherent trait
///
/// #[derive(codec::Encode, sp_runtime::RuntimeDebug)]
/// #[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(codec::Decode))]
/// pub enum InherentError {
/// }
///
/// impl sp_inherents::IsFatalError for InherentError {
/// fn is_fatal_error(&self) -> bool {
/// unimplemented!();
/// }
/// }
///
/// pub const INHERENT_IDENTIFIER: sp_inherents::InherentIdentifier = *b"testpall";
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Example for pallet with instance.
///
/// ```
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/// #[frame_support::pallet]
/// pub mod pallet {
/// use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
/// use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
///
/// type BalanceOf<T, I = ()> = <T as Config<I>>::Balance;
///
/// #[pallet::config]
/// pub trait Config<I: 'static = ()>: frame_system::Config {
/// #[pallet::constant]
/// type MyGetParam: Get<u32>;
/// type Balance: Parameter + From<u8>;
/// type Event: From<Event<Self, I>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::Event>;
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::extra_constants]
/// impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> Pallet<T, I> {
/// /// Some description
/// fn exra_constant_name() -> u128 { 4u128 }
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::pallet]
/// #[pallet::generate_store(pub(super) trait Store)]
/// pub struct Pallet<T, I = ()>(PhantomData<(T, I)>);
///
/// #[pallet::hooks]
/// impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> Hooks<BlockNumberFor<T>> for Pallet<T, I> {
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::call]
/// impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> Pallet<T, I> {
/// /// Doc comment put in metadata
/// #[pallet::weight(0)]
/// pub fn toto(origin: OriginFor<T>, #[pallet::compact] _foo: u32) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
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/// let _ = origin;
/// unimplemented!();
/// }
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::error]
/// pub enum Error<T, I = ()> {
/// /// doc comment put into metadata
/// InsufficientProposersBalance,
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::event]
/// #[pallet::metadata(BalanceOf<T> = "Balance", u32 = "Other")]
/// #[pallet::generate_deposit(pub(super) fn deposit_event)]
/// pub enum Event<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> {
/// /// doc comment put in metadata
/// Proposed(<T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId),
/// /// doc
/// Spending(BalanceOf<T, I>),
/// Something(u32),
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::type_value]
/// pub(super) fn MyDefault<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>() -> T::Balance { 3.into() }
///
/// #[pallet::storage]
/// pub(super) type MyStorageValue<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> =
/// StorageValue<Value = T::Balance, QueryKind = ValueQuery, OnEmpty = MyDefault<T, I>>;
///
/// #[pallet::storage]
/// #[pallet::getter(fn my_storage)]
/// pub(super) type MyStorage<T, I = ()> =
/// StorageMap<Hasher = Blake2_128Concat, Key = u32, Value = u32>;
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///
/// #[pallet::genesis_config]
/// #[derive(Default)]
/// pub struct GenesisConfig {
/// _myfield: u32,
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::genesis_build]
/// impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> GenesisBuild<T, I> for GenesisConfig {
/// fn build(&self) {}
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::origin]
/// pub struct Origin<T, I = ()>(PhantomData<(T, I)>);
///
/// #[pallet::validate_unsigned]
/// impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> ValidateUnsigned for Pallet<T, I> {
/// type Call = Call<T, I>;
/// fn validate_unsigned(
/// source: TransactionSource,
/// call: &Self::Call
/// ) -> TransactionValidity {
/// Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(InvalidTransaction::Call))
/// }
/// }
///
/// #[pallet::inherent]
/// impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> ProvideInherent for Pallet<T, I> {
/// type Call = Call<T, I>;
/// type Error = InherentError;
///
/// const INHERENT_IDENTIFIER: InherentIdentifier = INHERENT_IDENTIFIER;
///
/// fn create_inherent(_data: &InherentData) -> Option<Self::Call> {
/// unimplemented!();
/// }
///
/// fn is_inherent(_call: &Self::Call) -> bool {
/// unimplemented!();
/// }
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/// }
///
/// // Regular rust code needed for implementing ProvideInherent trait
///
/// #[derive(codec::Encode, sp_runtime::RuntimeDebug)]
/// #[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(codec::Decode))]
/// pub enum InherentError {
/// }
///
/// impl sp_inherents::IsFatalError for InherentError {
/// fn is_fatal_error(&self) -> bool {
/// unimplemented!();
/// }
/// }
///
/// pub const INHERENT_IDENTIFIER: sp_inherents::InherentIdentifier = *b"testpall";
/// }
/// ```
///
/// ## Upgrade guidelines:
///
/// 1. Export the metadata of the pallet for later checks
/// - run your node with the pallet active
/// - query the metadata using the `state_getMetadata` RPC and curl, or use
/// `subsee -p <PALLET_NAME> > meta.json`
/// 2. generate the template upgrade for the pallet provided by decl_storage
/// with environment variable `PRINT_PALLET_UPGRADE`:
/// `PRINT_PALLET_UPGRADE=1 cargo check -p my_pallet` This template can be
/// used as information it contains all information for storages, genesis
/// config and genesis build.
/// 3. reorganize pallet to have trait `Config`, `decl_*` macros, `ValidateUnsigned`,
/// `ProvideInherent`, `Origin` all together in one file. Suggested order:
/// * Config,
/// * decl_module,
/// * decl_event,
/// * decl_error,
/// * decl_storage,
/// * origin,
/// * validate_unsigned,
/// * provide_inherent,
/// so far it should compile and all be correct.
/// 4. start writing the new pallet module
/// ```ignore
/// pub use pallet::*;
///
/// #[frame_support::pallet]
/// pub mod pallet {
/// use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
/// use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
/// use super::*;
///
/// #[pallet::pallet]
/// #[pallet::generate_store($visibility_of_trait_store trait Store)]
/// // NOTE: if the visibility of trait store is private but you want to make it available
/// // in super, then use `pub(super)` or `pub(crate)` to make it available in crate.
![thiolliere thiolliere's avatar](/assets/no_avatar-849f9c04a3a0d0cea2424ae97b27447dc64a7dbfae83c036c45b403392f0e8ba.png)
thiolliere
committed
/// pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
/// // pub struct Pallet<T, I = ()>(PhantomData<T>); // for instantiable pallet
/// }
/// ```
/// 5. **migrate Config**: move trait into the module with
/// * all const in decl_module to `#[pallet::constant]`
/// * add bound `IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::Event>` to `type Event`
/// 7. **migrate decl_module**: write:
/// ```ignore
/// #[pallet::hooks]
/// impl<T: Config> Hooks for Pallet<T> {
/// }
/// ```
/// and write inside on_initialize/on_finalize/on_runtime_upgrade/offchain_worker/integrity_test
///
/// then write:
/// ```ignore
/// #[pallet::call]
/// }
/// ```
/// and write inside all the calls in decl_module with a few changes in the signature:
/// - origin must now be written completely, e.g. `origin: OriginFor<T>`
/// - result type must be `DispatchResultWithPostInfo`, you need to write it and also you might
/// need to put `Ok(().into())` at the end or the function.
/// - `#[compact]` must now be written `#[pallet::compact]`
/// - `#[weight = ..]` must now be written `#[pallet::weight(..)]`
///
/// rewrite as a simple enum under with the attribute `#[pallet::event]`,
/// use `#[pallet::generate_deposit($vis fn deposit_event)]` to generate deposit_event,
/// use `#[pallet::metadata(...)]` to configure the metadata for types in order not to break them.
/// 8. **migrate error**: rewrite it with attribute `#[pallet::error]`.
/// 9. **migrate storage**:
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/// decl_storage provide an upgrade template (see 3.). All storages, genesis config, genesis
/// build and default implementation of genesis config can be taken from it directly.
///
/// Otherwise here is the manual process:
///
/// first migrate the genesis logic. write:
/// ```ignore
/// #[pallet::genesis_config]
/// struct GenesisConfig {
/// // fields of add_extra_genesis
/// }
/// impl Default for GenesisConfig {
/// // type default or default provided for fields
/// }
/// #[pallet::genesis_build]
/// impl<T: Config> GenesisBuild<T> for GenesisConfig {
/// // impl<T: Config, I: 'static> GenesisBuild<T, I> for GenesisConfig { for instantiable pallet
/// fn build() {
/// // The add_extra_genesis build logic
/// }
/// }
/// ```
/// for each storages, if it contains config(..) then add a fields, and make its default to the
/// value in `= ..;` or the type default if none, if it contains no build then also add the
/// logic to build the value.
/// for each storages if it contains build(..) then add the logic to genesis_build.
///
/// NOTE: in decl_storage: is executed first the individual config and build and at the end the
/// add_extra_genesis build
///
/// Once this is done you can migrate storage individually, a few notes:
/// - for private storage use `pub(crate) type ` or `pub(super) type` or nothing,
/// - for storage with `get(fn ..)` use `#[pallet::getter(fn ...)]`
/// - for storage with value being `Option<$something>` make generic `Value` being `$something`
/// and generic `QueryKind` being `OptionQuery` (note: this is default). Otherwise make
/// `Value` the complete value type and `QueryKind` being `ValueQuery`.
/// - for storage with default value: `= $expr;` provide some specific OnEmpty generic. To do so
/// use of `#[pallet::type_value]` to generate the wanted struct to put.
/// example: `MyStorage: u32 = 3u32` would be written:
/// ```ignore
/// #[pallet::type_value] fn MyStorageOnEmpty() -> u32 { 3u32 }
/// #[pallet::storage]
/// pub(super) type MyStorage<T> = StorageValue<_, u32, ValueQuery, MyStorageOnEmpty>;
/// NOTE: `decl_storage` also generates functions `assimilate_storage` and `build_storage`
/// directly on GenesisConfig, those are sometimes used in tests. In order not to break they
/// can be implemented manually, one can implement those functions by calling `GenesisBuild`
/// implementation.
///
/// 10. **migrate origin**: move the origin to the pallet module under `#[pallet::origin]`
/// 11. **migrate validate_unsigned**: move the `ValidateUnsigned` implementation to the pallet
/// module under `#[pallet::validate_unsigned]`
/// 12. **migrate provide_inherent**: move the `ProvideInherent` implementation to the pallet
/// module under `#[pallet::inherent]`
/// 13. rename the usage of `Module` to `Pallet` inside the crate.
/// 14. migration is done, now double check migration with the checking migration guidelines.
///
/// ## Checking upgrade guidelines:
///
/// * compare metadata. Use [subsee](https://github.com/ascjones/subsee) to fetch the metadata
/// and do a diff of the resulting json before and after migration. This checks for:
/// * call, names, signature, docs
/// * event names, docs
/// * error names, docs
/// * storage names, hasher, prefixes, default value
/// * error , error, constant,
/// * manually check that:
/// * `Origin` is moved inside the macro under `#[pallet::origin]` if it exists
/// * `ValidateUnsigned` is moved inside the macro under `#[pallet::validate_unsigned)]` if it exists
/// * `ProvideInherent` is moved inside macro under `#[pallet::inherent)]` if it exists
/// * `on_initialize`/`on_finalize`/`on_runtime_upgrade`/`offchain_worker` are moved to `Hooks`
/// implementation
/// * storages with `config(..)` are converted to `GenesisConfig` field, and their default is
/// `= $expr;` if the storage have default value
/// * storages with `build($expr)` or `config(..)` are built in `GenesisBuild::build`
/// * `add_extra_genesis` fields are converted to `GenesisConfig` field with their correct
/// default if specified
/// * `add_extra_genesis` build is written into `GenesisBuild::build`
/// * storage items defined with [`pallet`] use the name of the pallet provided by
/// [`traits::PalletInfo::name`] as `pallet_prefix` (in `decl_storage`, storage items used the
/// `pallet_prefix` given as input of `decl_storage` with the syntax `as Example`).
/// Thus a runtime using the pallet must be careful with this change.
/// To handle this change:
/// * either ensure that the name of the pallet given to `construct_runtime!` is the same
/// as the name the pallet was giving to `decl_storage`,
/// * or do a storage migration from the old prefix used to the new prefix used.
///
/// NOTE: The prefixes used by storage items are in the metadata. Thus, ensuring the metadata hasn't
/// changed does ensure that the `pallet_prefix`s used by the storage items haven't changed.
///
/// # Notes when macro fails to show proper error message spans:
///
/// Rustc loses span for some macro input. Some tips to fix it:
/// * do not use inner attribute:
/// ```ignore
/// #[pallet]
/// pub mod pallet {
/// //! This inner attribute will make span fail
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
/// * use the newest nightly possible.
///
pub use frame_support_procedural::pallet;