* initial implementation of lifecycles and upgrades

* clean up a bit

* fix doc comment

* more rigid lifecycle checks

* include paras which are transitioning, and lifecycle query

* format guide

* update api

* update guide

* explicit outgoing state, fix genesis

* handle outgoing with transitioning paras

* do not include transitioning paras in identifier

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/runtime/paras.md

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/runtime/paras.md

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/runtime/paras.md

* Apply suggestions from code review

* Use matches macro

* Correct terms

* Apply suggestions from code review

* actions queue

* Revert "actions queue"

This reverts commit b2e9011e

.

* collapse onboarding state

* starting actions queue

* consolidate actions queue

* schedule para initialize result

* more actions queue for upgrade/downgrade

* clean up with fully implemented actions queue

* fix tests

* fix scheduler tests

* fix hrmp tests

* fix test

* doc fixes

* fix hrmp test w/ valid para

* Update paras.md

* fix paras registrar

* Update propose_parachain.rs

* fix merge

* Introduce "shared" module

* fix rococo build

* fix up and use shared

* guide updates

* add shared config to common tests

* add shared to test-runtime

* remove println

* fix note

Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <gavin@parity.io>

* guide changes for a fast-path requesting from backing validators

* add backing group to availability recovery message

* add new phase to interaction

* typos

* add full data messages

* handle new network messages

* dispatch full data requests

* cleanup

* check chunk index

* test for invalid recovery

* tests

* Typos.

* fix some grumbles

* be more explicit about error handling and control flow

* fast-path param

* use with_chunks_only in Service

Co-authored-by: Robert Klotzner <robert.klotzner@gmx.at>

* guide: max one candidate with upgrade per block

* max one candidate with upgrade per block

* ignore on runtime level too

* REVERT: comment out graphviz

* rewrite most of protocol-disputes

* write about conclusion and  chain selection

* tie back in overview

* basic disputes module

* guide: InclusionInherent -> ParaInherent

* language

* add ParaInherentData type

* plug parainherentdata into provisioner

* provide_multi_dispute

* tweak

* inclusion pipeline logic for disputes

* be clearer about signature checking

* reject backing of disputed blocks

* some type rejigging

* known-disputes runtime API

* wire up inclusion

* Revert "REVERT: comment out graphviz"

This reverts commit 66203e36.

* timeouts

* include in initialization order

* address grumbles

* integrate approval voting into overseer

* expose public API and make keystore arc

* integrate overseer in service

* guide: `ApprovedAncestor` returns block number

* return block number along with hash from ApprovedAncestor

* introduce a voting rule for reporting on approval checking

* integrate the delay voting rule

* Rococo configuration

* fix compilation and add slack

* fix web-wasm build

* tweak parameterization

* migrate voting rules to asycn

* remove hack comment

* initial hack in

* finish up

* use notification to pass outgoing paras

* move outgoing paras from notifications

* missing comma

* update guides

* clean up

* Notify collators about seconded collation

This pr adds functionality to inform a collator that its collation was
seconded by a parachain validator. Before this signed statement was only
gossiped over the validation substream. Now, we explicitly send the
seconded statement to the collator after it was validated successfully.

Besides that it changes the `CollatorFn` to return an optional result
sender that is informed when the build collation was seconded by a
parachain validator.

* Add test

* Make sure we only send `Seconded` statements

* Make sure we only receive valid statements

* Review feedback

* skeleton

* skeleton aux-schema module

* start approval types

* start aux schema with aux store

* doc

* finish basic types

* start approval types

* doc

* finish basic types

* write out schema types

* add debug and codec impls to approval types

* add debug and codec impls to approval types

also add some key computation

* add debug and codec impls to approval types

* getters for block and candidate entries

* grumbles

* remove unused AssignmentId

* load_decode utility

* implement DB clearing

* function for adding new block entry to aux store

* start `canonicalize` implementation

* more skeleton

* finish implementing canonicalize

* tag TODO

* implement a test AuxStore

* add allow(unused)

* basic loading and deleting test

* block_entry test function

* add a test for `add_block_entry`

* ensure range is exclusive at end

* test clear()

* test that add_block sets children

* add a test for canonicalize

* extract Pre-digest from header

* utilities for extracting RelayVRFStory from the header-chain

* add approval voting message types

* approval distribution message type

* subsystem skeleton

* state struct

* add futures-timer

* prepare service for babe slot duration

* more skeleton

* better integrate AuxStore

* RelayVRF -> RelayVRFStory

* canonicalize

* implement some tick functionality

* guide: tweaks

* check_approval

* more tweaks and helpers

* guide: add core index to candidate event

* primitives: add core index to candidate event

* runtime: add core index to candidate events

* head handling (session window)

* implement `determine_new_blocks`

* add TODO

* change error type on functions

* compute RelayVRFModulo assignments

* compute RelayVRFDelay assignments

* fix delay tranche calc

* assignment checking

* pluralize

* some dummy code for fetching assignments

* guide: add babe epoch runtime API

* implement a current_epoch() runtime API

* compute assignments

* candidate events get backing group

* import blocks and assignments into DB

* push block approval meta

* add message types, no overseer integration yet

* notify approval distribution of new blocks

* refactor import into separate functions

* impl tranches_to_approve

* guide: improve function signatures

* guide: remove Tick from ApprovalEntry

* trigger and broadcast assignment

* most of approval launching

* remove byteorder crate

* load blocks back to finality, except on startup

* check unchecked assignments

* add claimed core to approval voting message

* fix checks

* assign only to backing group

* remove import_checked_assignment from guide

* newline

* import assignments

* abstract out a bit

* check and import approvals

* check full approvals from assignment import too

* comment

* create a Transaction utility

* must_use

* use transaction in `check_full_approvals`

* wire up wakeups

* add Ord to CandidateHash

* wakeup refactoring

* return candidate info from add_block_entry

* schedule wakeups

* background task: do candidate validation

* forward candidate validation requests

* issue approval votes when requested

* clean up a couple TODOs

* fix up session caching

* clean up last unimplemented!() items

* fix remaining warnings

* remove TODO

* implement handle_approved_ancestor

* update Cargo.lock

* fix runtime API tests

* guide: cleanup assignment checking

* use claimed candidate index instead of core

* extract time to a trait

* tests module

* write a mock clock for testing

* allow swapping out the clock

* make abstract over assignment criteria

* add some skeleton tests and simplify params

* fix backing group check

* do backing group check inside check_assignment_cert

* write some empty test functions to implement

* add a test for non-backing

* test that produced checks pass

* some empty test ideas

* runtime/inclusion: remove outdated TODO

* fix compilation

* av-store: fix tests

* dummy cert

* criteria tests

* move `TestStore` to main tests file

* fix unused warning

* test harness beginnings

* resolve slots renaming fallout

* more compilation fixes

* wip: extract pure data into a separate module

* wip: extract pure data into a separate module

* move types completely to v1

* add persisted_entries

* add conversion trait impls

* clean up some warnings

* extract import logic to own module

* schedule wakeups

* experiment with Actions

* uncomment approval-checking

* separate module for approval checking utilities

* port more code to use actions

* get approval pipeline using actions

* all logic is uncommented

* main loop processes actions

* all loop logic uncommented

* separate function for handling actions

* remove last unimplemented item

* clean up warnings

* State gives read-only access to underlying DB

* tests for approval checking

* tests for approval criteria

* skeleton test module for import

* list of import tests to do

* some test glue code

* test reject bad assignment

* test slot too far in future

* test reject assignment with unknown candidate

* remove loads_blocks tests

* determine_new_blocks back to finalized & harness

* more coverage for determining new blocks

* make `imported_block_info` have less reliance on State

* candidate_info tests

* tests for session caching

* remove println

* extricate DB and main TestStores

* rewrite approval checking logic to counteract early delays

* move state out of function

* update approval-checking tests

* tweak wakeups & scheduling logic

* rename check_full_approvals

* test that assignment import updates candidate

* some approval import tests

* some tests for check_and_apply_approval

* add 'full' qualifier to avoid confusion

* extract should-trigger logic to separate function

* some tests for all triggering

* tests for when we trigger assignments

* test wakeups

* add block utilities for testing

* some more tests for approval updates

* approved_ancestor tests

* new action type for launch approval

* process-wakeup tests

* clean up some warnings

* fix in_future test

* approval checking tests

* tighten up too-far-in-future

* special-case genesis when caching sessions

* fix bitfield len

Co-authored-by: Andronik Ordian <write@reusable.software>

* validator_discovery: pass PeerSet to the request

* validator_discovery: track PeerSet of connected peers

* validator_discovery: fix tests

* validator_discovery: fix long line

* some fixes

* some validator_discovery logs

* log validator discovery request

* Also connect to validators on `DistributePoV`.

* validator_discovery: store the whole state per peer_set

* bump spec versions in kusama, polkadot and westend

* Correcting doc.

* validator_discovery: bump channel capacity

* pov-distribution: some cleanup

* this should fix the test, but it does not

* I just got some brain damage while fixing this

Why are you even reading this???

* wrap long line

* address some review nits

Co-authored-by: Robert Klotzner <robert.klotzner@gmx.at>

* guide: more robust approval counting procedure

* elaborate

* redefine non-empty

* improve writing

* remove redundant

* send our view to new peers immediately

* guide: update

* Fix tests by expecting the view updates

* Add test that we send our view on connection

Co-authored-by: Sergei Shulepov <sergei@parity.io>

* initial implementation of lifecycles and upgrades

* clean up a bit

* fix doc comment

* more rigid lifecycle checks

* include paras which are transitioning, and lifecycle query

* format guide

* update api

* update guide

* explicit outgoing state, fix genesis

* handle outgoing with transitioning paras

* do not include transitioning paras in identifier

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/runtime/paras.md

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/runtime/paras.md

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/runtime/paras.md

* Apply suggestions from code review

* Use matches macro

* Correct terms

* Apply suggestions from code review

* actions queue

* Revert "actions queue"

This reverts commit b2e9011e

.

* collapse onboarding state

Co-authored-by: Gavin Wood <gavin@parity.io>

* PVD: `block_number`->`relay_parent_number`

* ValidationParams: `relay_chain_height`->`relay_parent_number`

* Expose DMQ MQC hash as a well-known-key

This way the relay storage merkle proofs will be able to obtain the DMQ
MQC hash and we will be able to remove the it from the
PersistedValidationData struct.

* PersistedValidationData: Remove HRMP MQC heads

* PersistedValidationData: Remove `dmq_mqc_head`

* Expose the HRMP ingress channel index as a well-known-key

This way a parachain (PVF and collator) can find all the parachains that
have an outbound channel to the given one. That allows in turn to find
all the inbound channels for the given para.

Having access to that allows the parachain to get the same information
as the hrmp_mqc_heads now provide.

* Rename `relay_storage_root` to `relay_parent_storage_root`

* grab guide updates from approval-voting branch

* focus on control flow and behavior, not functions

* add approval voting preamble info

* tabs -> spaces

* Companion for #7997

https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/pull/7997



* rename slot_number to slot

* rename SlotNumber type in overseer docs

* "Update Substrate"

Co-authored-by: André Silva <andrerfosilva@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: parity-processbot <>

* use proper descriptive generic type names

* cleanup

* Table stores a list of detected misbehavior per authority

* add Table::drain_misbehaviors_for

* WIP: unify misbehavior types; report multiple misbehaviors per validator

Code checks, but tests don't yet pass.

* update drain_misbehaviors: return authority id as well as specific misbehavior

* enable unchecked construction of Signed structs in tests

* remove test-features feature & unnecessary generic

* fix backing tests

This took a while to figure out, because where we'd previously been
passing around `SignedFullStatement`s, we now needed to construct
those on the fly within the test, to take advantage of the signature-
checking in the constructor. That, in turn, necessitated changing the
iterable type of `drain_misbehaviors` to return the validator index,
and passing that validator index along within the misbehavior report.

Once that was sorted, however, it became relatively straightforward:
just needed to add appropriate methods to deconstruct the misbehavior
reports, and then we could construct the signed statements directly.

* fix bad merge

* start graphing message flow between subsystems

This commit includes messages originating from the first three subsystems
(alphabetically).

* use standard arrowhead names

* add messages from bitfield distribution && use circo layout

* finish adding all subsystem message traffic to graph

* reduce line spam

* start work on graphing v1 types

* finish graphing candidate-related structs

* show hash relations, format

* show provenance of ValidityAttestation

* add the rest of the v1 polkadot primitives

* add type diagram from polkadot::parachain::primitives

* start work digramming the path to backing

* diagram message flow from collation generation -> candidate selection

* document flow through CandidateBacking, CandidateValidation

* graph data flow through StatementDistribution

* trace data flow through PoVDistribution to Backing

* finish documenting node side subsystem data flow

* initial impl approval distribution

* initial tests and fixes

* batching seems difficult: different peers have different needs

* bridge: fix test after merge

* some guide updates

* only send assignments to peers who know about the block

* fix a test, add approvals test

* simplify

* do not send assignment to peers for finalized blocks

* guide: protocol input and output

* one more test

* more comments, logs, initial metrics

* fix a typo

* one more thing: early return when reimporting a thing locally

* Put parachain head hash into `CandidateDescriptor`

* Update guide

* Add some checks

* Compress the PoV block before sending it over the network

This pr changes the way we send PoV blocks over the network. We now
compress the PoV block before it is send over the network. This should
reduce the size significant for PoVs which contain the runtime WASM for
example.

* Preallocate 1KB

* Try something..

* Switch to zstd and some renamings

* Make compression/decompression fail in browsers

* Use some sane maximum value

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/types/network.md

Co-authored-by: Andronik Ordian <write@reusable.software>

* Fix and add test

* add

Co-authored-by: Andronik Ordian <write@reusable.software>
Co-authored-by: Robert Habermeier <rphmeier@gmail.com>

* glossary: define DMQ

We are using DMQ quite often including in rustdoc, however, it may be
hard to know what is that. Adding it to the glossary.

* Clarify that DMP and HRMP are also module names

* Define PDK

* Define preimage

* collation-generation: use persisted validation data

* node: remote FullValidationData API

* runtime: remove FullValidationData API

* backing tests: use persisted validation data

* FullCandidateReceipt: use persisted validation data

This is not a big change since this type is not used anywhere

* Remove ValidationData and TransientValidationData

Also update the guide

* skeleton

* skeleton aux-schema module

* start approval types

* start aux schema with aux store

* doc

* finish basic types

* start approval types

* doc

* finish basic types

* write out schema types

* add debug and codec impls to approval types

* add debug and codec impls to approval types

also add some key computation

* add debug and codec impls to approval types

* getters for block and candidate entries

* grumbles

* remove unused AssignmentId

* load_decode utility

* implement DB clearing

* function for adding new block entry to aux store

* start `canonicalize` implementation

* more skeleton

* finish implementing canonicalize

* tag TODO

* implement a test AuxStore

* add allow(unused)

* basic loading and deleting test

* block_entry test function

* add a test for `add_block_entry`

* ensure range is exclusive at end

* test clear()

* test that add_block sets children

* add a test for canonicalize

* Update node/core/approval-voting/src/aux_schema/mod.rs

Co-authored-by: Peter Goodspeed-Niklaus <coriolinus@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update node/core/approval-voting/src/aux_schema/tests.rs

Co-authored-by: Peter Goodspeed-Niklaus <coriolinus@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update node/core/approval-voting/src/aux_schema/mod.rs

Co-authored-by: Peter Goodspeed-Niklaus <coriolinus@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-authored-by: Peter Goodspeed-Niklaus <coriolinus@users.noreply.github.com>

* More doc fixes.

* Minor refactorings in the process of #2177

By having everything peer set related depend directly on the enum the
code becomes more clear and it is also straight forward to add more
peersets/protocols as the compiler will complain if you forget to
implement parts of it.

* Add peer set infos on startup properly

For feature real_overseer.

+ Fixes from review. Thanks @coriolinus and @ordian

!

* More structure in network-bridge

Some changes, which would have helped me in groking the code faster.

Entry points/public types more to the top. Factored out implementation
in their own files, to clear up the top-level view.

* Get rid of local ProtocolName type definition.

Does not add much at this level.

* Fix tests + import cleanup.

* Make spaces tabs.

* Clarify what correct parameters to send_message are

* Be more less vague in docs of send_message.

* Apply suggestions from code review

Extend copyright on new files to 2021 as well.

Co-authored-by: Andronik Ordian <write@reusable.software>

Co-authored-by: Andronik Ordian <write@reusable.software>

* scheduler: handle re-scheduling around finalization correctly

* also make sure parathreads get cleaned

* run scheduling in finalization

* Remove stray println!

* Update the schedule call site in inclusion inherent

* Clarify subtlety around SessionStartBlock

* Remove double semi-colon

* reschedule prior to `availability_cores` and in on-initialize

* improve docs

* fix line

* more doc reformat

* remove unneeded call

* avoid unnecessary scheduling on initialize

* split `clear` and `schedule

* Update runtime/parachains/src/scheduler.rs

Co-authored-by: Sergei Shulepov <sergei@parity.io>

Co-authored-by: Sergei Shulepov <sergei@parity.io>

* alternate availability store schema

* improvements

* tweaks

* new DB schema and skeleton

* expand skeleton and tweaks

* handle backing and inclusion

* let finality be handled later

* handle finalized blocks

* implement query methods

* implement chunk storing

* StoreAvailableData

* fix an off-by-one

* implement pruning

* reinstate subsystem trait impl

* reinstate metrics

* fix warnings

* remove chunks_cache

* oops

* actually store the available data

* mockable pruning interval

* fix tests

* spacing

* fix code grumbles

* guide improvements

* make time mockable

* implement a mocked clock for testing

* return DB errors

* Update node/core/av-store/Cargo.toml

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/node/utility/availability-store.md

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update roadmap/implementers-guide/src/node/utility/availability-store.md

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>

* review grumbles & clarity

* fix review grumbles

* Add docs

Co-authored-by: Andronik Ordian <write@reusable.software>

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Andronik Ordian <write@reusable.software>

Batch messages to network bridge and introduce a timeout to `SubsystemContext::send_message` (#2197)

* guide: batch network messages

* bridge: batch

* av-dist: batch outgoing messages

* time-out message sends in subsystem context

* Update node/subsystem/src/messages.rs

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>

* Revert "time-out message sends in subsystem context"

This reverts commit d49be625

.

* Update node/network/availability-distribution/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>

* Store all chunks and in a single transaction

* Adds chunks LRU to store

* Add pruning records metrics

* Use honest cache instead of LRU

* Remove unnecessary optional cache

* Fix review nits that are fixable

* Cont.: Implement the state root obtaining during inclusion

During inclusion now we obtain the storage root by passing it through
the inclusion_inherent.

* Fix tests

* Bump rococo spec version

* Reorder the parent header into the end

of the inclusion inherent.

When the parent header is in the beginning, it shifts the other two
fields, so that a previous version won't be able to decode that. If
we put the parent header in the end, the other two fields will stay
at their positions, thus make it possible to decode with the previous
version.

That allows us to perform upgrade of rococo runtime without needing of
simultanuous upgrade of nodes and runtime, or restart of the network.

* Squash a stray tab

* guide: ensure max-per-core leads to creation of extra, semi-useless cores

* alter behavior of max_validators_per_core

* guide fixes

* Don't initialize block when calling runtime APIs

* Adapt check_validation_outputs

We split the code path for the inclusion and for the commitments checking.

* Slap #[skip_initialize_block] on safe runtime APIs

That is, those that should not be affected by this attribute

* Make `Scheduled` not ephemeral

So that it is persisted in the storage and ready to be inspected
by the runtime APIs. This is in contrast to what was before, where we
would remove the storage entry and then rely on the scheduling performed
by `on_initialize` again.

* Add a big fat comment

* Typos

Co-authored-by: Robert Habermeier <rphmeier@gmail.com>

* Move session change to the end of the current block

Previously, it was the beginning of the next block. This allows us to
put #[skip_initialize_block]

* Update tests

* Fix a test in paras registrar

Also refactor it a bit so the next time there are more chances this kind
of issue is diagnosed quicker.

* Add for_runtime_api to inclusion's check_validation_outputs

Co-authored-by: Robert Habermeier <rphmeier@gmail.com>

* add candidate hash statement circulation span

* add relay-parent to hash-span

* Some typos and misspellings in docs I found, during my studies. (#2144)

* Fix stale link to overseer docs

* Some typos and mispellings in docs/comments

I found during studying how Polkadot works.

* Rococo V1 (#2141)

* Update to latest master and use 30 minutes sessions

* add bootnodes to chainspec

* Update Substrate

* Update chain-spec

* Update Cargo.lock

* GENESIS

* Change session length to one hour

* Bump spec_version to not fuck anything up ;)

Co-authored-by: Erin Grasmick <erin@parity.io>

* avoid creating duplicate unbacked spans when we see extra statements (#2145)

* improve jaeger spans for statement distribution

* tweak and add failing test for repropagation

* make a change that gets the test passing

* guide: clarify

* remove semicolon

Co-authored-by: Robert Klotzner <eskimor@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Erin Grasmick <erin@parity.io>

* Fix stale link to overseer docs

* Some typos and mispellings in docs/comments

I found during studying how Polkadot works.

* guide: add candidate information to OccupiedCore

* add descriptor and hash to occupied core type

* guide: add candidate hash to inclusion

* runtime: return candidate info in core state

* bitfield signing: stop querying runtime as much

* minimize going to runtime in availability distribution

* fix availability distribution tests

* guide: remove para ID from Occupied core

* get all crates compiling

* Fix bug and further optimizations in availability distribution

- There was a bug that resulted in only getting one candidate per block
as the candidates were put into the hashmap with the relay block hash as
key. The solution for this is to use the candidate hash and the relay
block hash as key.
- We stored received/sent messages with the candidate hash and chunk
index as key. The candidate hash wasn't required in this case, as the
messages are already stored per candidate.

* Update node/core/bitfield-signing/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Robert Habermeier <rphmeier@gmail.com>

* Remove the reverse map

* major refactor of receipts & query_live

* finish refactoring

remove ancestory mapping,

improve relay-parent cleanup & receipts-cache cleanup,
add descriptor to `PerCandidate`

* rename and rewrite query_pending_availability

* add a bunch of consistency tests

* Add some last changes

* xy

* fz

* Make it compile again

* Fix one test

* Fix logging

* Remove some buggy code

* Make tests work again

* Move stuff around

* Remove dbg

* Remove state from test_harness

* More refactor and new test

* New test and fixes

* Move metric

* Remove "duplicated code"

* Fix tests

* New test

* Change break to continue

* Update node/core/av-store/src/lib.rs

* Update node/core/av-store/src/lib.rs

* Update node/core/bitfield-signing/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Fedor Sakharov <fedor.sakharov@gmail.com>

* update guide to match live_candidates changes

* add comment

* fix bitfield signing

Co-authored-by: Robert Habermeier <rphmeier@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Bernhard Schuster <bernhard@ahoi.io>
Co-authored-by: Fedor Sakharov <fedor.sakharov@gmail.com>

* refactor View to include finalized_number

* guide: update the NetworkBridge on BlockFinalized

* av-store: fix the tests

* actually fix tests

* grumbles

* ignore macro doctest

* use Hash::repeat_bytes more consistently

* broadcast empty leaves updates as well

* fix issuing view updates on empty leaves updates

* guide: add missing ApprovalDistributionMessage variant

* guide: deduplicate sensence

* plumbing for rewarding backers

* give validators reward points for participating

* fix tests

* add bitfield rewarding

* add mocks for backing rewards

* add testing for backing & availability rewards

* implement RewardValidators on top of staking

* add to test-runtime and rococo

* add to test-runtime & rococo

* point to source on rewards values

* fix common tests

* do not reward availability anymore