diff --git a/.github/actions/set-up-gh/action.yml b/.github/actions/set-up-gh/action.yml
index fc16ce0b26334283b83266e381c1811738be87c9..4dc3af4a19f231270abf1d260f8f29ab1c44df82 100644
--- a/.github/actions/set-up-gh/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/set-up-gh/action.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-name: 'install gh'
-description: 'Install the gh cli in a debian based distro and switches to the PR branch.'
+name: "install gh"
+description: "Install the gh cli in a debian based distro and switches to the PR branch."
 inputs:
   pr-number:
     description: "Number of the PR"
@@ -9,28 +9,20 @@ inputs:
     required: true
 outputs:
   branch:
-    description: 'Branch name for the PR'
+    description: "Branch name for the PR"
     value: ${{ steps.branch.outputs.branch }}
 runs:
   using: "composite"
   steps:
-      - name: Instal gh cli
-        shell: bash
-        # Here it would get the script from previous step
-        run: |
-          (type -p wget >/dev/null || (apt update && apt-get install wget -y))
-          mkdir -p -m 755 /etc/apt/keyrings
-          wget -qO- https://cli.github.com/packages/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg | tee /etc/apt/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg > /dev/null 
-          chmod go+r /etc/apt/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg
-          echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg] https://cli.github.com/packages stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/github-cli.list > /dev/null
-          apt update
-          apt install gh -y
-          git config --global --add safe.directory '*'
-      - run: gh pr checkout ${{ inputs.pr-number }}
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ inputs.GH_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Export branch name
-        shell: bash
-        run: echo "branch=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-        id: branch
+    - name: Set up git
+      shell: bash
+      # Here it would get the script from previous step
+      run: git config --global --add safe.directory '*'
+    - run: gh pr checkout ${{ inputs.pr-number }}
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ inputs.GH_TOKEN }}
+    - name: Export branch name
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "branch=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+      id: branch
diff --git a/.github/env b/.github/env
index 2e4d5b48100dfb3e976270efd155843e907687a8..bb61e1f4cd99f7a3f585bb04d8961ee6fb0ffb2f 100644
--- a/.github/env
+++ b/.github/env
@@ -1 +1 @@
-IMAGE="docker.io/paritytech/ci-unified:bullseye-1.77.0-2024-04-10-v202407161507"
+IMAGE="docker.io/paritytech/ci-unified:bullseye-1.81.0-2024-09-11-v202409111034"
diff --git a/.github/scripts/cmd/cmd.py b/.github/scripts/cmd/cmd.py
index f7dd88df4bda42551b339c3492a29028511c3550..6a624bf4237b5ff4f07404d45e8ce2a48ef70d69 100755
--- a/.github/scripts/cmd/cmd.py
+++ b/.github/scripts/cmd/cmd.py
@@ -15,12 +15,21 @@ runtimesMatrix = json.load(f)
 runtimeNames = list(map(lambda x: x['name'], runtimesMatrix))
 
 common_args = {
-    '--continue-on-fail': {"action": "store_true", "help": "Won't exit(1) on failed command and continue with next steps. "},
     '--quiet': {"action": "store_true", "help": "Won't print start/end/failed messages in PR"},
     '--clean': {"action": "store_true", "help": "Clean up the previous bot's & author's comments in PR"},
     '--image': {"help": "Override docker image '--image docker.io/paritytech/ci-unified:latest'"},
 }
 
+def print_and_log(message, output_file='/tmp/cmd/command_output.log'):
+    print(message)
+    with open(output_file, 'a') as f:
+        f.write(message + '\n')
+
+def setup_logging():
+    if not os.path.exists('/tmp/cmd'):
+        os.makedirs('/tmp/cmd')
+    open('/tmp/cmd/command_output.log', 'w')
+
 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog="/cmd ", description='A command runner for polkadot-sdk repo', add_help=False)
 parser.add_argument('--help', action=_HelpAction, help='help for help if you need some help')  # help for help
 for arg, config in common_args.items():
@@ -28,6 +37,8 @@ for arg, config in common_args.items():
 
 subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(help='a command to run', dest='command')
 
+setup_logging()
+
 """
 BENCH 
 """
@@ -39,8 +50,8 @@ bench_example = '''**Examples**:
  Runs benchmarks for pallet_balances and pallet_multisig for all runtimes which have these pallets. **--quiet** makes it to output nothing to PR but reactions
  %(prog)s --pallet pallet_balances pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic --quiet
  
- Runs bench for all pallets for westend runtime and continues even if some benchmarks fail
- %(prog)s --runtime westend --continue-on-fail
+ Runs bench for all pallets for westend runtime and fails fast on first failed benchmark
+ %(prog)s --runtime westend --fail-fast
  
  Does not output anything and cleans up the previous bot's & author command triggering comments in PR 
  %(prog)s --runtime westend rococo --pallet pallet_balances pallet_multisig --quiet --clean
@@ -53,6 +64,7 @@ for arg, config in common_args.items():
 
 parser_bench.add_argument('--runtime', help='Runtime(s) space separated', choices=runtimeNames, nargs='*', default=runtimeNames)
 parser_bench.add_argument('--pallet', help='Pallet(s) space separated', nargs='*', default=[])
+parser_bench.add_argument('--fail-fast', help='Fail fast on first failed benchmark', action='store_true')
 
 """
 FMT 
@@ -77,7 +89,7 @@ generate_prdoc = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
 spec.loader.exec_module(generate_prdoc)
 
 parser_prdoc = subparsers.add_parser('prdoc', help='Generates PR documentation')
-generate_prdoc.setup_parser(parser_prdoc)
+generate_prdoc.setup_parser(parser_prdoc, pr_required=False)
 
 def main():
     global args, unknown, runtimesMatrix
@@ -100,11 +112,11 @@ def main():
 
         # loop over remaining runtimes to collect available pallets
         for runtime in runtimesMatrix.values():
-            os.system(f"forklift cargo build -p {runtime['package']} --profile {profile} --features runtime-benchmarks")
+            os.system(f"forklift cargo build -p {runtime['package']} --profile {profile} --features={runtime['bench_features']}")
             print(f'-- listing pallets for benchmark for {runtime["name"]}')
             wasm_file = f"target/{profile}/wbuild/{runtime['package']}/{runtime['package'].replace('-', '_')}.wasm"
             output = os.popen(
-                f"frame-omni-bencher v1 benchmark pallet --no-csv-header --no-storage-info --no-min-squares --no-median-slopes --all --list --runtime={wasm_file}").read()
+                f"frame-omni-bencher v1 benchmark pallet --no-csv-header --no-storage-info --no-min-squares --no-median-slopes --all --list --runtime={wasm_file} {runtime['bench_flags']}").read()
             raw_pallets = output.strip().split('\n')
 
             all_pallets = set()
@@ -156,7 +168,9 @@ def main():
                     manifest_path = os.popen(search_manifest_path).read()
                     if not manifest_path:
                         print(f'-- pallet {pallet} not found in dev runtime')
-                        exit(1)
+                        if args.fail_fast:
+                            print_and_log(f'Error: {pallet} not found in dev runtime')
+                            sys.exit(1)
                     package_dir = os.path.dirname(manifest_path)
                     print(f'-- package_dir: {package_dir}')
                     print(f'-- manifest_path: {manifest_path}')
@@ -182,11 +196,13 @@ def main():
                     f"--repeat=20 " \
                     f"--heap-pages=4096 " \
                     f"{f'--template={template} ' if template else ''}" \
-                    f"--no-storage-info --no-min-squares --no-median-slopes"
+                    f"--no-storage-info --no-min-squares --no-median-slopes " \
+                    f"{config['bench_flags']}"
                 print(f'-- Running: {cmd} \n')
                 status = os.system(cmd)
-                if status != 0 and not args.continue_on_fail:
-                    print(f'Failed to benchmark {pallet} in {runtime}')
+
+                if status != 0 and args.fail_fast:
+                    print_and_log(f'❌ Failed to benchmark {pallet} in {runtime}')
                     sys.exit(1)
 
                 # Otherwise collect failed benchmarks and print them at the end
@@ -197,14 +213,14 @@ def main():
                     successful_benchmarks[f'{runtime}'] = successful_benchmarks.get(f'{runtime}', []) + [pallet]
 
         if failed_benchmarks:
-            print('❌ Failed benchmarks of runtimes/pallets:')
+            print_and_log('❌ Failed benchmarks of runtimes/pallets:')
             for runtime, pallets in failed_benchmarks.items():
-                print(f'-- {runtime}: {pallets}')
+                print_and_log(f'-- {runtime}: {pallets}')
 
         if successful_benchmarks:
-            print('✅ Successful benchmarks of runtimes/pallets:')
+            print_and_log('✅ Successful benchmarks of runtimes/pallets:')
             for runtime, pallets in successful_benchmarks.items():
-                print(f'-- {runtime}: {pallets}')
+                print_and_log(f'-- {runtime}: {pallets}')
 
     elif args.command == 'fmt':
         command = f"cargo +nightly fmt"
@@ -212,8 +228,8 @@ def main():
         nightly_status = os.system(f'{command}')
         taplo_status = os.system('taplo format --config .config/taplo.toml')
 
-        if (nightly_status != 0 or taplo_status != 0) and not args.continue_on_fail:
-            print('❌ Failed to format code')
+        if (nightly_status != 0 or taplo_status != 0):
+            print_and_log('❌ Failed to format code')
             sys.exit(1)
 
     elif args.command == 'update-ui':
@@ -221,15 +237,15 @@ def main():
         print(f'Updating ui with `{command}`')
         status = os.system(f'{command}')
 
-        if status != 0 and not args.continue_on_fail:
-            print('❌ Failed to format code')
+        if status != 0:
+            print_and_log('❌ Failed to update ui')
             sys.exit(1)
 
     elif args.command == 'prdoc':
         # Call the main function from ./github/scripts/generate-prdoc.py module
         exit_code = generate_prdoc.main(args)
-        if exit_code != 0 and not args.continue_on_fail:
-            print('❌ Failed to generate prdoc')
+        if exit_code != 0:
+            print_and_log('❌ Failed to generate prdoc')
             sys.exit(exit_code)
 
     print('🚀 Done')
diff --git a/.github/scripts/cmd/test_cmd.py b/.github/scripts/cmd/test_cmd.py
index a2f29b075daed94a0c7380e031bb84e9a6889558..faad3f261b9ae4840451060c5f70d00732cdd814 100644
--- a/.github/scripts/cmd/test_cmd.py
+++ b/.github/scripts/cmd/test_cmd.py
@@ -7,13 +7,45 @@ import argparse
 
 # Mock data for runtimes-matrix.json
 mock_runtimes_matrix = [
-    {"name": "dev", "package": "kitchensink-runtime", "path": "substrate/frame", "header": "substrate/HEADER-APACHE2", "template": "substrate/.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs"},
-    {"name": "westend", "package": "westend-runtime", "path": "polkadot/runtime/westend", "header": "polkadot/file_header.txt", "template": "polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs"},
-    {"name": "rococo", "package": "rococo-runtime", "path": "polkadot/runtime/rococo", "header": "polkadot/file_header.txt", "template": "polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs"},
-    {"name": "asset-hub-westend", "package": "asset-hub-westend-runtime", "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend", "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt", "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs"},
+    {
+        "name": "dev",
+        "package": "kitchensink-runtime",
+        "path": "substrate/frame",
+        "header": "substrate/HEADER-APACHE2",
+        "template": "substrate/.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs",
+        "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks,riscv",
+        "bench_flags": "--flag1 --flag2"
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "westend",
+        "package": "westend-runtime",
+        "path": "polkadot/runtime/westend",
+        "header": "polkadot/file_header.txt",
+        "template": "polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs",
+        "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+        "bench_flags": "--flag3 --flag4"
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "rococo",
+        "package": "rococo-runtime",
+        "path": "polkadot/runtime/rococo",
+        "header": "polkadot/file_header.txt",
+        "template": "polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs",
+        "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+        "bench_flags": ""
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "asset-hub-westend",
+        "package": "asset-hub-westend-runtime",
+        "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend",
+        "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
+        "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+        "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+        "bench_flags": "--flag7 --flag8"
+    }
 ]
 
-def get_mock_bench_output(runtime, pallets, output_path, header, template = None):
+def get_mock_bench_output(runtime, pallets, output_path, header, bench_flags, template = None):
     return f"frame-omni-bencher v1 benchmark pallet --extrinsic=* " \
            f"--runtime=target/release/wbuild/{runtime}-runtime/{runtime.replace('-', '_')}_runtime.wasm " \
            f"--pallet={pallets} --header={header} " \
@@ -21,7 +53,8 @@ def get_mock_bench_output(runtime, pallets, output_path, header, template = None
            f"--wasm-execution=compiled " \
            f"--steps=50 --repeat=20 --heap-pages=4096 " \
            f"{f'--template={template} ' if template else ''}" \
-           f"--no-storage-info --no-min-squares --no-median-slopes"
+           f"--no-storage-info --no-min-squares --no-median-slopes " \
+           f"{bench_flags}"
 
 class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
@@ -63,7 +96,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             command='bench',
             runtime=list(map(lambda x: x['name'], mock_runtimes_matrix)),
             pallet=['pallet_balances'],
-            continue_on_fail=False,
+            fail_fast=True,
             quiet=False,
             clean=False,
             image=None
@@ -84,15 +117,34 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
             expected_calls = [
                 # Build calls
-                call("forklift cargo build -p kitchensink-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
-                call("forklift cargo build -p westend-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
-                call("forklift cargo build -p rococo-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
-                call("forklift cargo build -p asset-hub-westend-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p kitchensink-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks,riscv"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p westend-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p rococo-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p asset-hub-westend-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
                 
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('kitchensink', 'pallet_balances', './substrate/frame/balances/src/weights.rs', os.path.abspath('substrate/HEADER-APACHE2'), "substrate/.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs")),
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('westend', 'pallet_balances', './polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights', os.path.abspath('polkadot/file_header.txt'))),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='kitchensink',
+                    pallets='pallet_balances',
+                    output_path='./substrate/frame/balances/src/weights.rs',
+                    header=os.path.abspath('substrate/HEADER-APACHE2'),
+                    bench_flags='--flag1 --flag2',
+                    template="substrate/.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs"
+                )),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_balances',
+                    output_path='./polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights',
+                    header=os.path.abspath('polkadot/file_header.txt'),
+                    bench_flags='--flag3 --flag4'
+                )),
                 # skips rococo benchmark
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('asset-hub-westend', 'pallet_balances', './cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/weights', os.path.abspath('cumulus/file_header.txt'))),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='asset-hub-westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_balances',
+                    output_path='./cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/weights',
+                    header=os.path.abspath('cumulus/file_header.txt'),
+                    bench_flags='--flag7 --flag8'
+                )),
             ]
             self.mock_system.assert_has_calls(expected_calls, any_order=True)
 
@@ -101,7 +153,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             command='bench',
             runtime=['westend'],
             pallet=['pallet_balances', 'pallet_staking'],
-            continue_on_fail=False,
+            fail_fast=True,
             quiet=False,
             clean=False,
             image=None
@@ -118,11 +170,23 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
             expected_calls = [
                 # Build calls
-                call("forklift cargo build -p westend-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p westend-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
                 
                 # Westend runtime calls
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('westend', 'pallet_balances', './polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights', header_path)),
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('westend', 'pallet_staking', './polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights', header_path)),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_balances',
+                    output_path='./polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag3 --flag4'
+                )),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_staking',
+                    output_path='./polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag3 --flag4'
+                )),
             ]
             self.mock_system.assert_has_calls(expected_calls, any_order=True)
 
@@ -132,7 +196,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             command='bench',
             runtime=['westend'],
             pallet=['pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic'],
-            continue_on_fail=False,
+            fail_fast=True,
             quiet=False,
             clean=False,
             image=None
@@ -149,15 +213,16 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
             expected_calls = [
                 # Build calls
-                call("forklift cargo build -p westend-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p westend-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
                 
                 # Westend runtime calls
                 call(get_mock_bench_output(
-                    'westend', 
-                    'pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic', 
-                    './polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/xcm', 
-                    header_path, 
-                    "polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs"
+                    runtime='westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic',
+                    output_path='./polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/xcm',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag3 --flag4',
+                    template="polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs"
                 )),
             ]
             self.mock_system.assert_has_calls(expected_calls, any_order=True)
@@ -167,7 +232,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             command='bench',
             runtime=['westend', 'rococo'],
             pallet=['pallet_balances', 'pallet_staking'],
-            continue_on_fail=False,
+            fail_fast=True,
             quiet=False,
             clean=False,
             image=None
@@ -185,14 +250,38 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
             expected_calls = [
                 # Build calls
-                call("forklift cargo build -p westend-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
-                call("forklift cargo build -p rococo-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p westend-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p rococo-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
                 # Westend runtime calls
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('westend', 'pallet_staking', './polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights', header_path)),
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('westend', 'pallet_balances', './polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights', header_path)),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_staking',
+                    output_path='./polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag3 --flag4'
+                )),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_balances',
+                    output_path='./polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag3 --flag4'
+                )),
                 # Rococo runtime calls
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('rococo', 'pallet_staking', './polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/weights', header_path)),
-                call(get_mock_bench_output('rococo', 'pallet_balances', './polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/weights', header_path)),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='rococo',
+                    pallets='pallet_staking',
+                    output_path='./polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/weights',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags=''
+                )),
+                call(get_mock_bench_output(
+                    runtime='rococo',
+                    pallets='pallet_balances',
+                    output_path='./polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/weights',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags=''
+                )),
             ]
             self.mock_system.assert_has_calls(expected_calls, any_order=True)
 
@@ -201,7 +290,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             command='bench',
             runtime=['dev'],
             pallet=['pallet_balances'],
-            continue_on_fail=False,
+            fail_fast=True,
             quiet=False,
             clean=False,
             image=None
@@ -220,14 +309,15 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
             expected_calls = [
                 # Build calls
-                call("forklift cargo build -p kitchensink-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p kitchensink-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks,riscv"),
                 # Westend runtime calls
                 call(get_mock_bench_output(
-                    'kitchensink', 
-                    'pallet_balances', 
-                    manifest_dir + "/src/weights.rs", 
-                    header_path, 
-                    "substrate/.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs"
+                    runtime='kitchensink',
+                    pallets='pallet_balances',
+                    output_path=manifest_dir + "/src/weights.rs",
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag1 --flag2',
+                    template="substrate/.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs"
                 )),
             ]
             self.mock_system.assert_has_calls(expected_calls, any_order=True)
@@ -237,7 +327,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             command='bench',
             runtime=['asset-hub-westend'],
             pallet=['pallet_assets'],
-            continue_on_fail=False,
+            fail_fast=True,
             quiet=False,
             clean=False,
             image=None
@@ -254,13 +344,14 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
             expected_calls = [
                 # Build calls
-                call("forklift cargo build -p asset-hub-westend-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p asset-hub-westend-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
                 # Asset-hub-westend runtime calls
                 call(get_mock_bench_output(
-                    'asset-hub-westend', 
-                    'pallet_assets', 
-                    './cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/weights', 
-                    header_path
+                    runtime='asset-hub-westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_assets',
+                    output_path='./cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/weights',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag7 --flag8'
                 )),
             ]
 
@@ -271,7 +362,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             command='bench',
             runtime=['asset-hub-westend'],
             pallet=['pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic', 'pallet_assets'],
-            continue_on_fail=False,
+            fail_fast=True,
             quiet=False,
             clean=False,
             image=None
@@ -288,26 +379,28 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
             expected_calls = [
                 # Build calls
-                call("forklift cargo build -p asset-hub-westend-runtime --profile release --features runtime-benchmarks"),
+                call("forklift cargo build -p asset-hub-westend-runtime --profile release --features=runtime-benchmarks"),
                 # Asset-hub-westend runtime calls
                 call(get_mock_bench_output(
-                    'asset-hub-westend', 
-                    'pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic', 
-                    './cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/weights/xcm', 
-                    header_path, 
-                    "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs"
+                    runtime='asset-hub-westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic',
+                    output_path='./cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/weights/xcm',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag7 --flag8',
+                    template="cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs"
                 )),
                 call(get_mock_bench_output(
-                    'asset-hub-westend', 
-                    'pallet_assets', 
-                    './cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/weights', 
-                    header_path
+                    runtime='asset-hub-westend',
+                    pallets='pallet_assets',
+                    output_path='./cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/weights',
+                    header=header_path,
+                    bench_flags='--flag7 --flag8'
                 )),
             ]
 
             self.mock_system.assert_has_calls(expected_calls, any_order=True)
 
-    @patch('argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_known_args', return_value=(argparse.Namespace(command='fmt', continue_on_fail=False), []))
+    @patch('argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_known_args', return_value=(argparse.Namespace(command='fmt'), []))
     @patch('os.system', return_value=0)
     def test_fmt_command(self, mock_system, mock_parse_args):
         with patch('sys.exit') as mock_exit:
@@ -317,7 +410,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             mock_system.assert_any_call('cargo +nightly fmt')
             mock_system.assert_any_call('taplo format --config .config/taplo.toml')
 
-    @patch('argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_known_args', return_value=(argparse.Namespace(command='update-ui', continue_on_fail=False), []))
+    @patch('argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_known_args', return_value=(argparse.Namespace(command='update-ui'), []))
     @patch('os.system', return_value=0)
     def test_update_ui_command(self, mock_system, mock_parse_args):
         with patch('sys.exit') as mock_exit:
@@ -326,7 +419,7 @@ class TestCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             mock_exit.assert_not_called()
             mock_system.assert_called_with('sh ./scripts/update-ui-tests.sh')
 
-    @patch('argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_known_args', return_value=(argparse.Namespace(command='prdoc', continue_on_fail=False), []))
+    @patch('argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_known_args', return_value=(argparse.Namespace(command='prdoc'), []))
     @patch('os.system', return_value=0)
     def test_prdoc_command(self, mock_system, mock_parse_args):
         with patch('sys.exit') as mock_exit:
diff --git a/.github/scripts/common/lib.sh b/.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
index 5361db398ae7bcaebd6717d726d50d50d5c5e301..d2a4baf12fa739bb21f9978255919ef6ec552ad5 100755
--- a/.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
+++ b/.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
@@ -242,6 +242,7 @@ fetch_release_artifacts() {
 # - GITHUB_TOKEN
 # - REPO in the form paritytech/polkadot
 fetch_release_artifacts_from_s3() {
+  BINARY=$1
   echo "Version    : $VERSION"
   echo "Repo       : $REPO"
   echo "Binary     : $BINARY"
@@ -461,7 +462,7 @@ function get_polkadot_node_version_from_code() {
 
 validate_stable_tag() {
     tag="$1"
-    pattern='^stable[0-9]+(-[0-9]+)?$'
+    pattern="^stable[0-9]{4}(-[0-9]+)?(-rc[0-9]+)?$"
 
     if [[ $tag =~ $pattern ]]; then
         echo $tag
diff --git a/.github/scripts/generate-prdoc.py b/.github/scripts/generate-prdoc.py
index d3b6b523ecfd32d32470381c0d7a548b2d289041..edcdb82cd22ea4e0aeb25114defd2cdbcc2b15b7 100644
--- a/.github/scripts/generate-prdoc.py
+++ b/.github/scripts/generate-prdoc.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ It downloads and parses the patch from the GitHub API to opulate the prdoc with
 This will delete any prdoc that already exists for the PR if `--force` is passed.
 
 Usage:
-	python generate-prdoc.py --pr 1234 --audience "TODO" --bump "TODO"
+	python generate-prdoc.py --pr 1234 --audience node_dev --bump patch
 """
 
 import argparse
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ def create_prdoc(pr, audience, title, description, patch, bump, force):
 		# Go up until we find a Cargo.toml
 		p = os.path.join(workspace.path, p)
 		while not os.path.exists(os.path.join(p, "Cargo.toml")):
-			print(f"Could not find Cargo.toml in {p}")
 			if p == '/':
 				exit(1)
 			p = os.path.dirname(p)
@@ -76,7 +75,6 @@ def create_prdoc(pr, audience, title, description, patch, bump, force):
 			manifest = toml.load(f)
 		
 		if not "package" in manifest:
-			print(f"File was not in any crate: {p}")
 			continue
 		
 		crate_name = manifest["package"]["name"]
@@ -85,8 +83,6 @@ def create_prdoc(pr, audience, title, description, patch, bump, force):
 		else:
 			print(f"Skipping unpublished crate: {crate_name}")
 
-	print(f"Modified crates: {modified_crates.keys()}")
-
 	for crate_name in modified_crates.keys():
 		entry = { "name": crate_name }
 
@@ -114,27 +110,33 @@ def setup_yaml():
 	yaml.add_representer(str, yaml_multiline_string_presenter)
 
 # parse_args is also used by cmd/cmd.py
-def setup_parser(parser=None):
+# if pr_required is False, then --pr is optional, as it can be derived from the PR comment body
+def setup_parser(parser=None, pr_required=True):
+	allowed_audiences = ["runtime_dev", "runtime_user", "node_dev", "node_operator"]
 	if parser is None:
 		parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
-	parser.add_argument("--pr", type=int, required=True, help="The PR number to generate the PrDoc for."	)
-	parser.add_argument("--audience", type=str, default="TODO", help="The audience of whom the changes may concern.")
-	parser.add_argument("--bump", type=str, default="TODO", help="A default bump level for all crates.")
-	parser.add_argument("--force", type=str, help="Whether to overwrite any existing PrDoc.")
-	
+	parser.add_argument("--pr", type=int, required=pr_required, help="The PR number to generate the PrDoc for.")
+	parser.add_argument("--audience", type=str, nargs='*', choices=allowed_audiences, default=["todo"], help="The audience of whom the changes may concern. Example: --audience runtime_dev node_dev")
+	parser.add_argument("--bump", type=str, default="major", choices=["patch", "minor", "major", "silent", "ignore", "no_change"], help="A default bump level for all crates. Example: --bump patch")
+	parser.add_argument("--force", action="store_true", help="Whether to overwrite any existing PrDoc.")
 	return parser
 
+def snake_to_title(s):
+    return ' '.join(word.capitalize() for word in s.split('_'))
+
 def main(args):
-	force = True if (args.force or "false").lower() == "true" else False
-	print(f"Args: {args}, force: {force}")
+	print(f"Args: {args}, force: {args.force}")
 	setup_yaml()
 	try:
-		from_pr_number(args.pr, args.audience, args.bump, force)
+		# Convert snake_case audience arguments to title case
+		mapped_audiences = [snake_to_title(a) for a in args.audience]
+		from_pr_number(args.pr, mapped_audiences, args.bump, args.force)
 		return 0
 	except Exception as e:
 		print(f"Error generating prdoc: {e}")
 		return 1
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-	args = setup_parser().parse_args()
-	main(args)
\ No newline at end of file
+	parser = setup_parser()
+	args = parser.parse_args()
+	main(args)
diff --git a/.github/scripts/release/build-deb.sh b/.github/scripts/release/build-deb.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6cb833f98a4e48e70f297cc2be82994917f78123
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/scripts/release/build-deb.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -e
+
+PRODUCT=$1
+VERSION=$2
+PROFILE=${PROFILE:-production}
+
+cargo install --version 2.7.0 cargo-deb --locked -q
+echo "Using cargo-deb v$(cargo-deb --version)"
+echo "Building a Debian package for '$PRODUCT' in '$PROFILE' profile"
+
+# we need to start  the custom version with a didgit as requires it cargo-deb
+cargo deb --profile $PROFILE --no-strip --no-build -p $PRODUCT --deb-version 1-$VERSION
+
+deb=target/debian/$PRODUCT_*_amd64.deb
+
+cp $deb target/production/
diff --git a/.github/scripts/release/build-linux-release.sh b/.github/scripts/release/build-linux-release.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a6bd658d292a6b9dedf32077185521c1cff0c066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/scripts/release/build-linux-release.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# This is used to build our binaries:
+# - polkadot
+# - polkadot-parachain
+# set -e
+
+BIN=$1
+PACKAGE=${2:-$BIN}
+
+PROFILE=${PROFILE:-production}
+ARTIFACTS=/artifacts/$BIN
+VERSION=$(git tag -l --contains HEAD | grep -E "^v.*")
+
+echo "Artifacts will be copied into $ARTIFACTS"
+mkdir -p "$ARTIFACTS"
+
+git log --pretty=oneline -n 1
+time cargo build --profile $PROFILE --locked --verbose --bin $BIN --package $PACKAGE
+
+echo "Artifact target: $ARTIFACTS"
+
+cp ./target/$PROFILE/$BIN "$ARTIFACTS"
+pushd "$ARTIFACTS" > /dev/nul
+sha256sum "$BIN" | tee "$BIN.sha256"
+
+EXTRATAG="$($ARTIFACTS/$BIN --version |
+    sed -n -r 's/^'$BIN' ([0-9.]+.*-[0-9a-f]{7,13})-.*$/\1/p')"
+
+EXTRATAG="${VERSION}-${EXTRATAG}-$(cut -c 1-8 $ARTIFACTS/$BIN.sha256)"
+
+echo "$BIN version = ${VERSION} (EXTRATAG = ${EXTRATAG})"
+echo -n ${VERSION} > "$ARTIFACTS/VERSION"
+echo -n ${EXTRATAG} > "$ARTIFACTS/EXTRATAG"
diff --git a/.github/scripts/release/release_lib.sh b/.github/scripts/release/release_lib.sh
index 81a3c14edec84f3c069fefbb16b003768f894af3..f5032073b6173057e78994c539e527aeffc80892 100644
--- a/.github/scripts/release/release_lib.sh
+++ b/.github/scripts/release/release_lib.sh
@@ -116,3 +116,24 @@ set_polkadot_parachain_binary_version() {
     commit_with_message "$MESSAGE"
     git_show_log "$MESSAGE"
 }
+
+
+upload_s3_release() {
+  alias aws='podman run --rm -it docker.io/paritytech/awscli -e AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID -e AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY -e AWS_BUCKET aws'
+
+  product=$1
+  version=$2
+
+  echo "Working on product: $product "
+  echo "Working on version: $version "
+
+  echo "Current content, should be empty on new uploads:"
+  aws s3 ls "s3://releases.parity.io/polkadot/${version}/" --recursive --human-readable --summarize || true
+  echo "Content to be uploaded:"
+  artifacts="artifacts/$product/"
+  ls "$artifacts"
+  aws s3 sync --acl public-read "$artifacts" "s3://releases.parity.io/polkadot/${version}/"
+  echo "Uploaded files:"
+  aws s3 ls "s3://releases.parity.io/polkadot/${version}/" --recursive --human-readable --summarize
+  echo "✅ The release should be at https://releases.parity.io/polkadot/${version}"
+}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-publish-images.yml b/.github/workflows/build-publish-images.yml
index 3a9f60761863587805d46c1a914fc8478d7f7525..874b5d37469cde33f2b92f8cec0a4d61c57b7ffb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-publish-images.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-publish-images.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ env:
   COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}
 
 jobs:
-
   #
   #
   #
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
     if: contains(github.event.label.name, 'GHA-migration') || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'GHA-migration')
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
 
-### Build ########################
+  ### Build ########################
 
   #
   #
@@ -240,7 +239,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           # tldr: we need to checkout the branch HEAD explicitly because of our dynamic versioning approach while building the substrate binary
           # see https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/issues/682#issuecomment-1340953589
-          ref:  ${{ github.head_ref || github.ref_name }}
+          ref: ${{ github.head_ref || github.ref_name }}
       - name: build
         run: |
           mkdir -p ./artifacts/substrate/
@@ -299,14 +298,14 @@ jobs:
           path: artifacts.tar
           retention-days: 1
 
-### Publish ########################
+  ### Publish ########################
 
   #
   #
   #
   build-push-image-test-parachain:
     needs: [preflight, build-test-parachain]
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -330,7 +329,7 @@ jobs:
   #
   build-push-image-polkadot-debug:
     needs: [preflight, build-linux-stable]
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -349,13 +348,12 @@ jobs:
           image-name: "europe-docker.pkg.dev/parity-ci-2024/temp-images/polkadot-debug"
           dockerfile: "docker/dockerfiles/polkadot/polkadot_injected_debug.Dockerfile"
 
-
   #
   #
   #
   build-push-image-colander:
     needs: [preflight, build-test-collators]
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -374,13 +372,12 @@ jobs:
           image-name: "europe-docker.pkg.dev/parity-ci-2024/temp-images/colander"
           dockerfile: "docker/dockerfiles/collator_injected.Dockerfile"
 
-
   #
   #
   #
   build-push-image-malus:
     needs: [preflight, build-malus]
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -399,13 +396,12 @@ jobs:
           image-name: "europe-docker.pkg.dev/parity-ci-2024/temp-images/malus"
           dockerfile: "docker/dockerfiles/malus_injected.Dockerfile"
 
-
   #
   #
   #
   build-push-image-substrate-pr:
     needs: [preflight, build-linux-substrate]
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -424,15 +420,20 @@ jobs:
           image-name: "europe-docker.pkg.dev/parity-ci-2024/temp-images/substrate"
           dockerfile: "docker/dockerfiles/substrate_injected.Dockerfile"
 
-
   #
   #
   #
   # unlike other images, bridges+zombienet image is based on Zombienet image that pulls required binaries
   # from other fresh images (polkadot and cumulus)
   build-push-image-bridges-zombienet-tests:
-    needs: [preflight, build-linux-stable, build-linux-stable-cumulus, prepare-bridges-zombienet-artifacts]
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk
+    needs:
+      [
+        preflight,
+        build-linux-stable,
+        build-linux-stable-cumulus,
+        prepare-bridges-zombienet-artifacts,
+      ]
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -443,24 +444,24 @@ jobs:
           name: build-linux-stable-${{ needs.preflight.outputs.SOURCE_REF_NAME }}
       - name: tar
         run: |
-         tar -xvf artifacts.tar
-         rm artifacts.tar
+          tar -xvf artifacts.tar
+          rm artifacts.tar
 
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4.1.8
         with:
           name: build-linux-stable-cumulus-${{ needs.preflight.outputs.SOURCE_REF_NAME }}
       - name: tar
         run: |
-         tar -xvf artifacts.tar
-         rm artifacts.tar
+          tar -xvf artifacts.tar
+          rm artifacts.tar
 
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4.1.8
         with:
           name: prepare-bridges-zombienet-artifacts-${{ needs.preflight.outputs.SOURCE_REF_NAME }}
       - name: tar
         run: |
-         tar -xvf artifacts.tar
-         rm artifacts.tar
+          tar -xvf artifacts.tar
+          rm artifacts.tar
 
       - name: build and push image
         uses: ./.github/actions/build-push-image
@@ -468,13 +469,12 @@ jobs:
           image-name: "europe-docker.pkg.dev/parity-ci-2024/temp-images/bridges-zombienet-tests"
           dockerfile: "docker/dockerfiles/bridges_zombienet_tests_injected.Dockerfile"
 
-
   #
   #
   #
   build-push-image-polkadot-parachain-debug:
     needs: [preflight, build-linux-stable-cumulus]
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -491,4 +491,4 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/build-push-image
         with:
           image-name: "europe-docker.pkg.dev/parity-ci-2024/temp-images/polkadot-parachain-debug"
-          dockerfile: "docker/dockerfiles/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-debug_unsigned_injected.Dockerfile"
\ No newline at end of file
+          dockerfile: "docker/dockerfiles/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-debug_unsigned_injected.Dockerfile"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-cargo-check-runtimes.yml b/.github/workflows/check-cargo-check-runtimes.yml
index 16263788b8b64847ca0ec6a2de362ebc130d7ab4..376c34d1f25fd965f69f3c2874b38c39e6a76573 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check-cargo-check-runtimes.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-cargo-check-runtimes.yml
@@ -7,11 +7,12 @@ concurrency:
 on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+    paths:
+      - "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/*"
 
 # Jobs in this workflow depend on each other, only for limiting peak amount of spawned workers
 
 jobs:
-
   preflight:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
 
@@ -85,25 +86,11 @@ jobs:
         with:
           root: cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts
 
-  check-runtime-starters:
-    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
-    container:
-      image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
-    needs: [check-runtime-assets, preflight]
-    timeout-minutes: 20
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Run cargo check
-        uses: ./.github/actions/cargo-check-runtimes
-        with:
-          root: cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters
-
   check-runtime-testing:
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
-    needs: [check-runtime-starters, preflight]
+    needs: [preflight]
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -123,7 +110,6 @@ jobs:
       - check-runtime-coretime
       - check-runtime-bridge-hubs
       - check-runtime-contracts
-      - check-runtime-starters
       - check-runtime-testing
     if: always() && !cancelled()
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-features.yml b/.github/workflows/check-features.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index d8e2f72c0ffd83852bb6bd015b7256934c23519c..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/.github/workflows/check-features.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-name: Check Features
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
-
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-jobs:
-  check-features:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Fetch latest code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Check
-        uses: hack-ink/cargo-featalign-action@bea88a864d6ca7d0c53c26f1391ce1d431dc7f34 # v0.1.1
-        with:
-          crate: templates/parachain/runtime/
-          features: std,runtime-benchmarks,try-runtime
-          ignore: sc-executor
-          default-std: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-frame-omni-bencher.yml b/.github/workflows/check-frame-omni-bencher.yml
index 9b01311aa69c7e7348ebe996fa7d0d785fd9187b..924a8b7f712fee78b5b114afa69013e40fe6faef 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check-frame-omni-bencher.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-frame-omni-bencher.yml
@@ -16,14 +16,11 @@ env:
   ARTIFACTS_NAME: frame-omni-bencher-artifacts
 
 jobs:
-
   preflight:
-    # TODO: remove once migration is complete or this workflow is fully stable
-    if: contains(github.event.label.name, 'GHA-migration')
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
 
   quick-benchmarks-omni:
-    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_BENCHMARK }}
     needs: [preflight]
     if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     env:
@@ -31,6 +28,7 @@ jobs:
       RUST_BACKTRACE: "full"
       WASM_BUILD_NO_COLOR: 1
       WASM_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions"
+      RUST_LOG: "frame_omni_bencher=info,polkadot_sdk_frame=info"
     timeout-minutes: 30
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
@@ -42,33 +40,41 @@ jobs:
           forklift cargo build --locked --quiet --release -p asset-hub-westend-runtime --features runtime-benchmarks
           forklift cargo run --locked --release -p frame-omni-bencher --quiet -- v1 benchmark pallet --runtime target/release/wbuild/asset-hub-westend-runtime/asset_hub_westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm --all --steps 2 --repeat 1 --quiet
 
+  runtime-matrix:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [preflight]
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    outputs:
+      runtime: ${{ steps.runtime.outputs.runtime }}
+    container:
+      image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
+    name: Extract runtimes from matrix
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - id: runtime
+        run: |
+          RUNTIMES=$(jq '[.[] | select(.package != null)]' .github/workflows/runtimes-matrix.json)
+
+          RUNTIMES=$(echo $RUNTIMES | jq -c .)
+          echo "runtime=$RUNTIMES"
+          echo "runtime=$RUNTIMES" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
   run-frame-omni-bencher:
-    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
-    needs: [preflight] # , build-frame-omni-bencher ]
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_BENCHMARK }}
+    needs: [preflight, runtime-matrix]
     if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     timeout-minutes: 30
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false # keep running other workflows even if one fails, to see the logs of all possible failures
       matrix:
-        runtime:
-          [
-            westend-runtime,
-            rococo-runtime,
-            asset-hub-rococo-runtime,
-            asset-hub-westend-runtime,
-            bridge-hub-rococo-runtime,
-            bridge-hub-westend-runtime,
-            collectives-westend-runtime,
-            coretime-rococo-runtime,
-            coretime-westend-runtime,
-            people-rococo-runtime,
-            people-westend-runtime,
-            glutton-westend-runtime,
-          ]
+        runtime: ${{ fromJSON(needs.runtime-matrix.outputs.runtime) }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     env:
-      PACKAGE_NAME: ${{ matrix.runtime }}
+      PACKAGE_NAME: ${{ matrix.runtime.package }}
+      FLAGS: ${{ matrix.runtime.bench_flags }}
+      RUST_LOG: "frame_omni_bencher=info,polkadot_sdk_frame=info"
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -77,14 +83,17 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           RUNTIME_BLOB_NAME=$(echo $PACKAGE_NAME | sed 's/-/_/g').compact.compressed.wasm
           RUNTIME_BLOB_PATH=./target/release/wbuild/$PACKAGE_NAME/$RUNTIME_BLOB_NAME
-          forklift cargo build --release --locked -p $PACKAGE_NAME -p frame-omni-bencher --features runtime-benchmarks
+          forklift cargo build --release --locked -p $PACKAGE_NAME -p frame-omni-bencher --features=${{ matrix.runtime.bench_features }} --quiet
           echo "Running short benchmarking for PACKAGE_NAME=$PACKAGE_NAME and RUNTIME_BLOB_PATH=$RUNTIME_BLOB_PATH"
           ls -lrt $RUNTIME_BLOB_PATH
-          ./target/release/frame-omni-bencher v1 benchmark pallet --runtime $RUNTIME_BLOB_PATH --all --steps 2 --repeat 1
+
+          cmd="./target/release/frame-omni-bencher v1 benchmark pallet --runtime $RUNTIME_BLOB_PATH --all --steps 2 --repeat 1 $FLAGS"
+          echo "Running command: $cmd"
+          eval "$cmd"
   confirm-frame-omni-benchers-passed:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     name: All benchmarks passed
-    needs: run-frame-omni-bencher
+    needs: [quick-benchmarks-omni, run-frame-omni-bencher]
     if: always() && !cancelled()
     steps:
       - run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-getting-started.yml b/.github/workflows/check-getting-started.yml
index b43db33c63bf12b5ad239d9c2dcfafb3ccc7a050..0661fa144348de687c0ddf1266be593664adc5e4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check-getting-started.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-getting-started.yml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ name: Check the getting-started.sh script
 #
 # There are two jobs inside.
 # One for systems that can run in a docker container, and one for macOS.
-# 
+#
 # Each job consists of:
 # 1. Some necessary prerequisites for the workflow itself.
 # 2. A first pass of the script, which will install dependencies and clone a template.
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ name: Check the getting-started.sh script
 on:
   pull_request:
     paths:
-      - '.github/workflows/check-getting-started.yml'
-      - 'scripts/getting-started.sh'
+      - ".github/workflows/check-getting-started.yml"
+      - "scripts/getting-started.sh"
   schedule:
-    - cron: '0 5 * * *'
+    - cron: "0 5 * * *"
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
             container: opensuse/tumbleweed
             template: solochain
             shell: sh
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk-beefy
+    runs-on: parity-large
     container: ${{ matrix.container }}:latest
     steps:
       # A minimal amount of prerequisites required before we can run the actual getting-started script,
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ jobs:
           expect "start with one of the templates" {
             send "y\r"
           }
-          
+
           expect -re "(.)\\) ${{ matrix.template }} template" {
             send "$expect_out(1,string)\r"
           }
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ jobs:
           expect "start with one of the templates" {
             send "y\r"
           }
-          
+
           expect -re "(.)\\) ${{ matrix.template }} template" {
             send "$expect_out(1,string)\r"
             expect "directory already exists" {}
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ jobs:
           expect "start with one of the templates" {
             send "y\r"
           }
-          
+
           expect -re "(.)\\) ${{ matrix.template }} template" {
             send "$expect_out(1,string)\r"
           }
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ jobs:
           expect "start with one of the templates" {
             send "y\r"
           }
-          
+
           expect -re "(.)\\) ${{ matrix.template }} template" {
             send "$expect_out(1,string)\r"
             expect "directory already exists" {}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-labels.yml b/.github/workflows/check-labels.yml
index 6ec35840608c81a3b1ffb70dbf8684cfce3a489b..d5c91e7f55e278bddd328fbc77b6c45ffc658388 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check-labels.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-labels.yml
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ on:
 jobs:
   check-labels:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
     steps:
       - name: Check labels
         env:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-links.yml b/.github/workflows/check-links.yml
index 0ebd33d417af740780f4e91b9d5388a6b5ca6f0e..baf8cd5b155587b5797c6a7da65f29aa8b14b8f2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check-links.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-links.yml
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   link-checker:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
     steps:
       - name: Restore lychee cache
         uses: actions/cache@0c45773b623bea8c8e75f6c82b208c3cf94ea4f9 # v3.3.2 (7. Sep 2023)
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-prdoc.yml b/.github/workflows/check-prdoc.yml
index fc2824770225e6f9e78a68e51edfb6bcceae6e25..8af1dd8cef708ec2f374ef9dca7fdeec150254ad 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check-prdoc.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-prdoc.yml
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ env:
 jobs:
   check-prdoc:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
     if: github.event.pull_request.number != ''
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repo
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-runtime-migration.yml b/.github/workflows/check-runtime-migration.yml
index 8185cf171aefb22423e59bc7a3ec9dda72bae368..758de0e7b43395ae7ba086c6628c4e633f50c8dd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check-runtime-migration.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-runtime-migration.yml
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-
   preflight:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
 
   # More info can be found here: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot/pull/5865
   check-runtime-migration:
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     # We need to set this to rather long to allow the snapshot to be created, but the average time
     # should be much lower.
     timeout-minutes: 60
@@ -36,68 +36,47 @@ jobs:
         network:
           [
             westend,
-            rococo,
             asset-hub-westend,
-            asset-hub-rococo,
             bridge-hub-westend,
-            bridge-hub-rococo,
-            contracts-rococo,
             collectives-westend,
-            coretime-rococo,
+            coretime-westend,
           ]
         include:
           - network: westend
             package: westend-runtime
             wasm: westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm
             uri: "wss://try-runtime-westend.polkadot.io:443"
-            subcommand_extra_args: "--no-weight-warnings"
-            command_extra_args: ""
-          - network: rococo
-            package: rococo-runtime
-            wasm: rococo_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm
-            uri: "wss://try-runtime-rococo.polkadot.io:443"
-            subcommand_extra_args: "--no-weight-warnings"
+            subcommand_extra_args: "--no-weight-warnings --blocktime 6000"
             command_extra_args: ""
           - network: asset-hub-westend
             package: asset-hub-westend-runtime
             wasm: asset_hub_westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm
             uri: "wss://westend-asset-hub-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
-            subcommand_extra_args: ""
-            command_extra_args: ""
-          - network: "asset-hub-rococo"
-            package: "asset-hub-rococo-runtime"
-            wasm: "asset_hub_rococo_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm"
-            uri: "wss://rococo-asset-hub-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
-            subcommand_extra_args: ""
+            subcommand_extra_args: " --blocktime 6000"
             command_extra_args: ""
-          - network: "bridge-hub-westend"
-            package: "bridge-hub-westend-runtime"
-            wasm: "bridge_hub_westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm"
+          - network: bridge-hub-westend
+            package: bridge-hub-westend-runtime
+            wasm: bridge_hub_westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm
             uri: "wss://westend-bridge-hub-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
-          - network: "bridge-hub-rococo"
-            package: "bridge-hub-rococo-runtime"
-            wasm: "bridge_hub_rococo_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm"
-            uri: "wss://rococo-bridge-hub-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
-          - network: "contracts-rococo"
-            package: "contracts-rococo-runtime"
-            wasm: "contracts_rococo_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm"
-            uri: "wss://rococo-contracts-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
-          - network: "collectives-westend"
-            package: "collectives-westend-runtime"
-            wasm: "collectives_westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm"
+            subcommand_extra_args: " --blocktime 6000"
+          - network: collectives-westend
+            package: collectives-westend-runtime
+            wasm: collectives_westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm
             uri: "wss://westend-collectives-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
             command_extra_args: "--disable-spec-name-check"
-          - network: "coretime-rococo"
-            package: "coretime-rococo-runtime"
-            wasm: "coretime_rococo_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm"
-            uri: "wss://rococo-coretime-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
+            subcommand_extra_args: " --blocktime 6000"
+          - network: coretime-westend
+            package: coretime-westend-runtime
+            wasm: coretime_westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm
+            uri: "wss://westend-coretime-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
+            subcommand_extra_args: " --blocktime 6000"
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Download CLI
         run: |
-          curl -sL https://github.com/paritytech/try-runtime-cli/releases/download/v0.7.0/try-runtime-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl -o try-runtime
+          curl -sL https://github.com/paritytech/try-runtime-cli/releases/download/v0.8.0/try-runtime-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl -o try-runtime
           chmod +x ./try-runtime
           echo "Using try-runtime-cli version:"
           ./try-runtime --version
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check-semver.yml b/.github/workflows/check-semver.yml
index b5866e0ce414241c9d89f1c71ec0cc6128274d67..24050d9e0981bbb57bb8c067932bfa62e6e4098b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check-semver.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-semver.yml
@@ -13,10 +13,14 @@ env:
   TOOLCHAIN: nightly-2024-06-01
 
 jobs:
+  preflight:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
   check-semver:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 90
+    needs: [preflight]
     container:
-      image: docker.io/paritytech/ci-unified:bullseye-1.77.0-2024-04-10-v20240408
+      image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@6d193bf28034eafb982f37bd894289fe649468fc # v4.1.7
         with:
@@ -36,10 +40,6 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           echo "This is a backport into stable."
 
-          wget -q https://github.com/cli/cli/releases/download/v2.51.0/gh_2.51.0_linux_amd64.tar.gz -O gh.tar.gz && \
-          tar -xzf gh.tar.gz && mv gh_2.51.0_linux_amd64/bin/gh /usr/local/bin/gh && rm gh.tar.gz
-          chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gh
-
             cat > msg.txt <<EOF
             This pull request is amending an existing release. Please proceed with extreme caution,
             as to not impact downstream teams that rely on the stability of it. Some things to consider:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/checks.yml b/.github/workflows/checks.yml
index f765d79254c856195271978942ea2eb550f3e7f6..0793c31dbb87c01f95abd93f624453b03b9128dd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/checks.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/checks.yml
@@ -15,14 +15,13 @@ concurrency:
 permissions: {}
 
 jobs:
-
   preflight:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
 
   cargo-clippy:
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     needs: [preflight]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     timeout-minutes: 40
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
@@ -33,12 +32,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@6d193bf28034eafb982f37bd894289fe649468fc # v4.1.7
       - name: script
         run: |
-          forklift cargo clippy --all-targets --locked --workspace
-          forklift cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features --locked --workspace
+          forklift cargo clippy --all-targets --locked --workspace --quiet
+          forklift cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features --locked --workspace --quiet
   check-try-runtime:
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     needs: [preflight]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     timeout-minutes: 40
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
@@ -46,18 +45,18 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@6d193bf28034eafb982f37bd894289fe649468fc # v4.1.7
       - name: script
         run: |
-          forklift cargo check --locked --all --features try-runtime
+          forklift cargo check --locked --all --features try-runtime --quiet
           # this is taken from cumulus
           # Check that parachain-template will compile with `try-runtime` feature flag.
           forklift cargo check --locked -p parachain-template-node --features try-runtime
           # add after https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/pull/14502 is merged
           # experimental code may rely on try-runtime and vice-versa
-          forklift cargo check --locked --all --features try-runtime,experimental
+          forklift cargo check --locked --all --features try-runtime,experimental --quiet
   # check-core-crypto-features works fast without forklift
   check-core-crypto-features:
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     needs: [preflight]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     timeout-minutes: 30
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/cmd-tests.yml b/.github/workflows/cmd-tests.yml
index 37f1747d0b9eac72cf8e6c10534a8c31402cd905..af73c6a5b2d32a19e7b64de4935f71988fbf8a1f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cmd-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cmd-tests.yml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-  test:
+  test-cmd-bot:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
diff --git a/.github/workflows/cmd.yml b/.github/workflows/cmd.yml
index 5498beb50ccb16740cd3c8eae09dd85fc0ff6206..525ab0c0fc2300c2b74f3ef16756853446275650 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cmd.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cmd.yml
@@ -152,15 +152,15 @@ jobs:
         id: get-pr-comment
         with:
           text: ${{ github.event.comment.body }}
-          regex: '^(\/cmd )([-\/\s\w.=:]+)$' # see explanation in docs/contributor/commands-readme.md#examples
+          regex: "^(\\/cmd )([-\\/\\s\\w.=:]+)$" # see explanation in docs/contributor/commands-readme.md#examples
 
       - name: Save output of help
         id: help
         env:
           CMD: ${{ steps.get-pr-comment.outputs.group2 }} # to avoid "" around the command
         run: |
-          echo 'help<<EOF' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           python3 -m pip install -r .github/scripts/generate-prdoc.requirements.txt
+          echo 'help<<EOF' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           python3 .github/scripts/cmd/cmd.py $CMD >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo 'EOF' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
@@ -231,9 +231,9 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
           if [[ $BODY == "/cmd bench"* ]]; then
-              echo "RUNNER=arc-runners-polkadot-sdk-benchmark" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              echo "RUNNER=parity-weights" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           elif [[ $BODY == "/cmd update-ui"* ]]; then
-              echo "RUNNER=arc-runners-polkadot-sdk-beefy" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              echo "RUNNER=parity-large" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           else
               echo "RUNNER=ubuntu-latest" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           fi
@@ -283,6 +283,7 @@ jobs:
     env:
       JOB_NAME: "cmd"
     runs-on: ${{ needs.set-image.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    timeout-minutes: 4320 # 72 hours -> 3 days; as it could take a long time to run all the runtimes/pallets
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.set-image.outputs.IMAGE }}
     steps:
@@ -291,7 +292,18 @@ jobs:
         id: get-pr-comment
         with:
           text: ${{ github.event.comment.body }}
-          regex: '^(\/cmd )([-\/\s\w.=:]+)$' # see explanation in docs/contributor/commands-readme.md#examples
+          regex: "^(\\/cmd )([-\\/\\s\\w.=:]+)$" # see explanation in docs/contributor/commands-readme.md#examples
+
+      # In order to run prdoc without specifying the PR number, we need to add the PR number as an argument automatically
+      - name: Prepare PR Number argument
+        id: pr-arg
+        run: |
+          CMD="${{ steps.get-pr-comment.outputs.group2 }}"
+          if echo "$CMD" | grep -q "prdoc" && ! echo "$CMD" | grep -qE "\-\-pr[[:space:]=][0-9]+"; then
+            echo "arg=--pr ${{ github.event.issue.number }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          else
+            echo "arg=" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          fi
 
       - name: Build workflow link
         if: ${{ !contains(github.event.comment.body, '--quiet') }}
@@ -314,7 +326,8 @@ jobs:
           echo "run_url=$runLink" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
       - name: Comment PR (Start)
-        if: ${{ !contains(github.event.comment.body, '--quiet') }}
+        # No need to comment on prdoc start or if --quiet
+        if: ${{ !contains(github.event.comment.body, '--quiet') && !contains(github.event.comment.body, 'prdoc') }}
         uses: actions/github-script@v7
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -336,23 +349,43 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install dependencies for bench
         if: startsWith(steps.get-pr-comment.outputs.group2, 'bench')
-        run: cargo install subweight frame-omni-bencher --locked
+        run: |
+          cargo install subweight --locked
+          cargo install --path substrate/utils/frame/omni-bencher --locked
 
       - name: Run cmd
         id: cmd
         env:
           CMD: ${{ steps.get-pr-comment.outputs.group2 }} # to avoid "" around the command
+          PR_ARG: ${{ steps.pr-arg.outputs.arg }}
         run: |
-          echo "Running command: '$CMD' on '${{ needs.set-image.outputs.RUNNER }}' runner, container: '${{ needs.set-image.outputs.IMAGE }}'"
+          echo "Running command: '$CMD $PR_ARG' on '${{ needs.set-image.outputs.RUNNER }}' runner, container: '${{ needs.set-image.outputs.IMAGE }}'"
           echo "RUST_NIGHTLY_VERSION: $RUST_NIGHTLY_VERSION"
           # Fixes "detected dubious ownership" error in the ci
           git config --global --add safe.directory '*'
           git remote -v
           python3 -m pip install -r .github/scripts/generate-prdoc.requirements.txt
-          python3 .github/scripts/cmd/cmd.py $CMD
+          python3 .github/scripts/cmd/cmd.py $CMD $PR_ARG
           git status
           git diff
 
+          if [ -f /tmp/cmd/command_output.log ]; then
+            CMD_OUTPUT=$(cat /tmp/cmd/command_output.log)
+            # export to summary to display in the PR
+            echo "$CMD_OUTPUT" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            # should be multiline, otherwise it captures the first line only
+            echo 'cmd_output<<EOF' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "$CMD_OUTPUT" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo 'EOF' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          fi
+
+      - name: Upload command output
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: command-output
+          path: /tmp/cmd/command_output.log
+
       - name: Commit changes
         run: |
           if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain)" ]; then
@@ -393,39 +426,55 @@ jobs:
           } >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
       - name: Comment PR (End)
-        if: ${{ !failure() && !contains(github.event.comment.body, '--quiet') }}
+        # No need to comment on prdoc success or --quiet
+        if: ${{ !failure() && !contains(github.event.comment.body, '--quiet') && !contains(github.event.comment.body, 'prdoc') }}
         uses: actions/github-script@v7
         env:
           SUBWEIGHT: "${{ steps.subweight.outputs.result }}"
+          CMD_OUTPUT: "${{ steps.cmd.outputs.cmd_output }}"
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           script: |
             let runUrl = ${{ steps.build-link.outputs.run_url }}
             let subweight = process.env.SUBWEIGHT;
+            let cmdOutput = process.env.CMD_OUTPUT;
+            console.log(cmdOutput);
 
-            let subweightCollapsed = subweight 
+            let subweightCollapsed = subweight.trim() !== '' 
               ? `<details>\n\n<summary>Subweight results:</summary>\n\n${subweight}\n\n</details>` 
               : '';
 
+            let cmdOutputCollapsed = cmdOutput.trim() !== ''
+              ? `<details>\n\n<summary>Command output:</summary>\n\n${cmdOutput}\n\n</details>` 
+              : '';
+
             github.rest.issues.createComment({
               issue_number: context.issue.number,
               owner: context.repo.owner,
               repo: context.repo.repo,
-              body: `Command "${{ steps.get-pr-comment.outputs.group2 }}" has finished ✅ [See logs here](${runUrl})${subweightCollapsed}`
+              body: `Command "${{ steps.get-pr-comment.outputs.group2 }}" has finished ✅ [See logs here](${runUrl})${subweightCollapsed}${cmdOutputCollapsed}`
             })
 
       - name: Comment PR (Failure)
         if: ${{ failure() && !contains(github.event.comment.body, '--quiet') }}
         uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        env:
+          CMD_OUTPUT: "${{ steps.cmd.outputs.cmd_output }}"
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           script: |
             let jobUrl = ${{ steps.build-link.outputs.job_url }}
+            let cmdOutput = process.env.CMD_OUTPUT;
+
+            let cmdOutputCollapsed = cmdOutput.trim() !== ''
+              ? `<details>\n\n<summary>Command output:</summary>\n\n${cmdOutput}\n\n</details>` 
+              : '';
+
             github.rest.issues.createComment({
               issue_number: context.issue.number,
               owner: context.repo.owner,
               repo: context.repo.repo,
-              body: `Command "${{ steps.get-pr-comment.outputs.group2 }}" has failed ❌! [See logs here](${jobUrl})`
+              body: `Command "${{ steps.get-pr-comment.outputs.group2 }}" has failed ❌! [See logs here](${jobUrl})${cmdOutputCollapsed}`
             })
 
       - name: Add 😕 reaction on failure
diff --git a/.github/workflows/command-backport.yml b/.github/workflows/command-backport.yml
index 5b32f954d0cd2a45c7f6f3aba2eda8c2280605d4..8f23bcd75f0176e73932d506b387ad00e7e78ca8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/command-backport.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/command-backport.yml
@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ on:
   # This trigger can be problematic, see: https://securitylab.github.com/resources/github-actions-preventing-pwn-requests/
   # In our case it is fine since we only run it on merged Pull Requests and do not execute any of the repo code itself.
   pull_request_target:
-    types: [ closed, labeled ]
+    types: [closed, labeled]
 
 permissions:
   contents: write # so it can comment
   pull-requests: write # so it can create pull requests
   issues: write
+  actions: write # It may have to backport changes to the CI as well.
 
 jobs:
   backport:
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           script: |
             const pullNumbers = '${{ steps.backport.outputs.created_pull_numbers }}'.split(' ');
-            
+
             for (const pullNumber of pullNumbers) {
               await github.rest.issues.addLabels({
                 issue_number: parseInt(pullNumber),
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ jobs:
           script: |
             const pullNumbers = '${{ steps.backport.outputs.created_pull_numbers }}'.split(' ');
             const reviewer = '${{ github.event.pull_request.user.login }}';
-            
+
             for (const pullNumber of pullNumbers) {
               await github.pulls.createReviewRequest({
                 owner: context.repo.owner,
diff --git a/.github/workflows/command-prdoc.yml b/.github/workflows/command-prdoc.yml
index aa9de9474a7b434deaab92821ab3b9bdad4b82e6..7022e8e0e0067cb2dee68ef4c009d59b22ab9360 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/command-prdoc.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/command-prdoc.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ on:
         required: true
         options:
           - "TODO"
-          - "no change"
+          - "no_change"
           - "patch"
           - "minor"
           - "major"
@@ -25,18 +25,15 @@ on:
         required: true
         options:
           - "TODO"
-          - "Runtime Dev"
-          - "Runtime User"
-          - "Node Dev"
-          - "Node User"
+          - "runtime_dev"
+          - "runtime_user"
+          - "node_dev"
+          - "node_operator"
       overwrite:
-        type: choice
+        type: boolean
         description: Overwrite existing PrDoc
-        default: "true"
+        default: true
         required: true
-        options:
-          - "true"
-          - "false"
 
 concurrency:
   group: command-prdoc
@@ -81,4 +78,4 @@ jobs:
         with:
           commit_message: Add PrDoc (auto generated)
           branch: ${{ steps.gh.outputs.branch }}
-          file_pattern: 'prdoc/*.prdoc'
+          file_pattern: "prdoc/*.prdoc"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs.yml b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
index 514bac3973bf76dbab6a8c246054400d3fb1c4e9..a257c8229598e051724f3c2c7b6f3f2c8cd31174 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
@@ -9,25 +9,16 @@ on:
   merge_group:
 
 concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/master' }}
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
   preflight:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
 
-  test-rustdoc:
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk-beefy
-    needs: [preflight]
-    container:
-      image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - run: forklift cargo doc --workspace --all-features --no-deps
-        env:
-          SKIP_WASM_BUILD: 1
   test-doc:
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk-beefy
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    timeout-minutes: 60
     needs: [preflight]
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
@@ -38,8 +29,10 @@ jobs:
           RUSTFLAGS: "-Cdebug-assertions=y -Dwarnings"
 
   build-rustdoc:
-    runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk-beefy
-    needs: [preflight, test-rustdoc]
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    timeout-minutes: 40
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    needs: [preflight]
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     steps:
@@ -85,6 +78,23 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 1
           if-no-files-found: error
 
+  confirm-required-jobs-passed:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    name: All docs jobs passed
+    # If any new job gets added, be sure to add it to this array
+    needs: [test-doc, build-rustdoc, build-implementers-guide]
+    if: always() && !cancelled()
+    steps:
+      - run: |
+          tee resultfile <<< '${{ toJSON(needs) }}'
+          FAILURES=$(cat resultfile | grep '"result": "failure"' | wc -l)
+          if [ $FAILURES -gt 0 ]; then
+            echo "### At least one required job failed ❌" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          else
+            echo '### Good job! All the required jobs passed 🚀' >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
   publish-rustdoc:
     if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -118,13 +128,30 @@ jobs:
       - run: mkdir -p book
       - name: Move book files
         run: mv /tmp/book/html/* book/
-      - name: Push to GH-Pages branch
-        uses: github-actions-x/commit@v2.9
-        with:
-          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
-          push-branch: "gh-pages"
-          commit-message: "___Updated docs for ${{ github.head_ref || github.ref_name }}___"
-          force-add: "true"
-          files: ${{ github.head_ref || github.ref_name }}/ book/
-          name: devops-parity
-          email: devops-team@parity.io
+      - name: Push changes to gh-pages
+        env:
+          TOKEN: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          APP_NAME: "paritytech-upd-ghpages-polkadotsdk"
+          REF_NAME: ${{ github.head_ref || github.ref_name }}
+          Green: "\e[32m"
+          NC: "\e[0m"
+        run: |
+          echo "${Green}Git add${NC}"
+          git add book/
+          git add ${REF_NAME}/
+
+          echo "${Green}git status | wc -l${NC}"
+          git status | wc -l
+
+          echo "${Green}Add new remote with gh app token${NC}"
+          git remote set-url origin $(git config remote.origin.url | sed "s/github.com/${APP_NAME}:${TOKEN}@github.com/g")
+
+          echo "${Green}Remove http section that causes issues with gh app auth token${NC}"
+          sed -i.bak '/\[http/d' ./.git/config
+          sed -i.bak '/extraheader/d' ./.git/config
+
+          echo "${Green}Git push${NC}"
+          git config user.email "ci@parity.io"
+          git config user.name "${APP_NAME}"
+          git commit --amend -m "___Updated docs" || echo "___Nothing to commit___"
+          git push origin gh-pages --force
diff --git a/.github/workflows/fork-sync-action.yml b/.github/workflows/fork-sync-action.yml
index 69e9e93bf54b023330232c0fe5df0430832a6e2b..065226764be680e47549b18026fbfb64556d5611 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/fork-sync-action.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/fork-sync-action.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # This Workflow is not supposed to run in the paritytech/polkadot-sdk repo.
-# This Workflow is supposed to run only in the forks of the repo, 
+# This Workflow is supposed to run only in the forks of the repo,
 # paritytech-release/polkadot-sdk specifically,
 # to automatically maintain the critical fork synced with the upstream.
 # This Workflow should be always disabled in the paritytech/polkadot-sdk repo.
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ on:
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
-     job_sync_branches:
-      uses: paritytech-release/sync-workflows/.github/workflows/sync-with-upstream.yml@latest
-      with:
-        fork_writer_app_id: ${{ vars.UPSTREAM_CONTENT_SYNC_APP_ID}}
-        fork_owner: ${{ vars.RELEASE_ORG}}
-      secrets:
-        fork_writer_app_key: ${{ secrets.UPSTREAM_CONTENT_SYNC_APP_KEY }}
+  job_sync_branches:
+    uses: paritytech-release/sync-workflows/.github/workflows/sync-with-upstream.yml@latest
+    with:
+      fork_writer_app_id: ${{ vars.UPSTREAM_CONTENT_SYNC_APP_ID}}
+      fork_owner: ${{ vars.RELEASE_ORG}}
+    secrets:
+      fork_writer_app_key: ${{ secrets.UPSTREAM_CONTENT_SYNC_APP_KEY }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-50_publish-docker.yml b/.github/workflows/release-50_publish-docker.yml
index 72e01a4833e254f0c329465a190206268397382e..dacfcc5995b742f4233ac7150cd5f581dd4fc88c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-50_publish-docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-50_publish-docker.yml
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout sources
-        uses: actions/checkout@6d193bf28034eafb982f37bd894289fe649468fc # v4.1.7
+        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
 
       - name: Validate inputs
         id: validate_inputs
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout sources
-        uses: actions/checkout@6d193bf28034eafb982f37bd894289fe649468fc # v4.1.7
+        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
 
       #TODO: this step will be needed when automated triggering will work
         #this step runs only if the workflow is triggered automatically when new release is published
@@ -134,7 +134,14 @@ jobs:
           . ./.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
 
           VERSION="${{ needs.validate-inputs.outputs.VERSION }}"
-          fetch_release_artifacts_from_s3
+          if [[ ${{ inputs.binary }} == 'polkadot' ]]; then
+            bins=(polkadot polkadot-prepare-worker polkadot-execute-worker)
+            for bin in "${bins[@]}"; do
+              fetch_release_artifacts_from_s3 $bin
+            done
+          else
+            fetch_release_artifacts_from_s3 $BINARY
+          fi
 
       - name: Fetch chain-spec-builder rc artifacts or release artifacts based on release id
         #this step runs only if the workflow is triggered manually and only for chain-spec-builder
@@ -159,7 +166,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout sources
-        uses: actions/checkout@6d193bf28034eafb982f37bd894289fe649468fc # v4.1.7
+        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
 
       - name: Download artifacts
         uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16 # v4.1.8
@@ -187,15 +194,14 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           . ./.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
 
-          release="release-${{ needs.validate-inputs.outputs.RELEASE_ID }}" && \
+          release="${{ needs.validate-inputs.outputs.stable_tag }}" && \
           echo "release=${release}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
           commit=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) && \
           echo "commit=${commit}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
-          tag=$(git name-rev --tags --name-only $(git rev-parse HEAD)) && \
-          [ "${tag}" != "undefined" ] && echo "tag=${tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT || \
-          echo "No tag, doing without"
+          tag="${{ needs.validate-inputs.outputs.version }}" && \
+          echo "tag=${tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
       - name: Fetch release tags
         working-directory: release-artifacts
@@ -215,8 +221,20 @@ jobs:
           echo "release=${release}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "stable=${{ needs.validate-inputs.outputs.stable_tag }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
-      - name: Build Injected Container image for polkadot rc or chain-spec-builder
-        if: ${{ env.BINARY == 'polkadot' || env.BINARY == 'chain-spec-builder' }}
+      - name: Build Injected Container image for polkadot rc
+        if: ${{ env.BINARY == 'polkadot' }}
+        env:
+          ARTIFACTS_FOLDER: release-artifacts
+          IMAGE_NAME: ${{ env.BINARY }}
+          OWNER: ${{ env.DOCKER_OWNER }}
+          TAGS: ${{ join(steps.fetch_rc_refs.outputs.*, ',') || join(steps.fetch_release_refs.outputs.*, ',') }}
+        run: |
+          ls -al
+          echo "Building container for $BINARY"
+          ./docker/scripts/polkadot/build-injected.sh $ARTIFACTS_FOLDER
+
+      - name: Build Injected Container image chain-spec-builder
+        if: ${{ env.BINARY == 'chain-spec-builder' }}
         env:
           ARTIFACTS_FOLDER: release-artifacts
           IMAGE_NAME: ${{ env.BINARY }}
@@ -243,7 +261,15 @@ jobs:
           echo "Building container for $BINARY"
           ./docker/scripts/build-injected.sh
 
-      - name: Login to Dockerhub
+      - name: Login to Dockerhub to publish polkadot
+        if: ${{ env.BINARY == 'polkadot' }}
+        uses: docker/login-action@9780b0c442fbb1117ed29e0efdff1e18412f7567 # v3.3.0
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.POLKADOT_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.POLKADOT_DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Login to Dockerhub to puiblish polkadot-parachain/chain-spec-builder
+        if: ${{ env.BINARY == 'polkadot-parachain' || env.BINARY == 'chain-spec-builder' }}
         uses: docker/login-action@9780b0c442fbb1117ed29e0efdff1e18412f7567 # v3.3.0
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.CUMULUS_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
@@ -295,7 +321,7 @@ jobs:
     environment: release
     steps:
       - name: Checkout sources
-        uses: actions/checkout@6d193bf28034eafb982f37bd894289fe649468fc # v4.1.7
+        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@988b5a0280414f521da01fcc63a27aeeb4b104db # v3.6.1
@@ -322,7 +348,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Build and push
         id:   docker_build
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@5cd11c3a4ced054e52742c5fd54dca954e0edd85 #  v6.7.0
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@32945a339266b759abcbdc89316275140b0fc960 #  v6.8.0
         with:
           push: true
           file: docker/dockerfiles/polkadot/polkadot_injected_debian.Dockerfile
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-build-rc.yml b/.github/workflows/release-build-rc.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5c25e3c749b8b60c72634588fbf0e0d91e99b262
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-build-rc.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+name: Release - Build node release candidate
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      binary:
+        description: Binary to be build for the release
+        default: all
+        type: choice
+        options:
+          - polkadot
+          - polkadot-parachain
+          - all
+
+      release_tag:
+        description: Tag matching the actual release candidate with the format stableYYMM-rcX or stableYYMM
+        type: string
+
+jobs:
+  check-synchronization:
+    uses: paritytech-release/sync-workflows/.github/workflows/check-syncronization.yml@main
+
+  validate-inputs:
+    needs: [check-synchronization]
+    if: ${{ needs.check-synchronization.outputs.checks_passed }} == 'true'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+        release_tag: ${{ steps.validate_inputs.outputs.release_tag }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout sources
+        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
+
+      - name: Validate inputs
+        id: validate_inputs
+        run: |
+          . ./.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
+
+          RELEASE_TAG=$(validate_stable_tag ${{ inputs.release_tag }})
+          echo "release_tag=${RELEASE_TAG}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+  build-polkadot-binary:
+    needs: [validate-inputs]
+    if: ${{ inputs.binary == 'polkadot' || inputs.binary == 'all' }}
+    uses: "./.github/workflows/release-reusable-rc-buid.yml"
+    with:
+      binary: '["polkadot", "polkadot-prepare-worker", "polkadot-execute-worker"]'
+      package: polkadot
+      release_tag: ${{ needs.validate-inputs.outputs.release_tag }}
+    secrets:
+      PGP_KMS_KEY:  ${{ secrets.PGP_KMS_KEY }}
+      PGP_KMS_HASH:  ${{ secrets.PGP_KMS_HASH }}
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:  ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION:  ${{ secrets.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION }}
+      AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+
+  build-polkadot-parachain-binary:
+    needs: [validate-inputs]
+    if: ${{ inputs.binary == 'polkadot-parachain' || inputs.binary == 'all' }}
+    uses: "./.github/workflows/release-reusable-rc-buid.yml"
+    with:
+      binary: '["polkadot-parachain"]'
+      package: "polkadot-parachain-bin"
+      release_tag: ${{ needs.validate-inputs.outputs.release_tag }}
+    secrets:
+      PGP_KMS_KEY:  ${{ secrets.PGP_KMS_KEY }}
+      PGP_KMS_HASH:  ${{ secrets.PGP_KMS_HASH }}
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:  ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION:  ${{ secrets.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION }}
+      AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-reusable-rc-buid.yml b/.github/workflows/release-reusable-rc-buid.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2aee9dc995b18eac0b2025b7e45da8b814910bd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-reusable-rc-buid.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+name: RC Build
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      binary:
+        description: Binary to be build for the release
+        required: true
+        default: polkadot
+        type: string
+
+      package:
+        description: Package to be built, for now is either polkadot or polkadot-parachain-bin
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+      release_tag:
+        description: Tag matching the actual release candidate with the format stableYYMM-rcX or stableYYMM
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+    secrets:
+      PGP_KMS_KEY:
+        required: true
+      PGP_KMS_HASH:
+        required: true
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
+        required: true
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
+        required: true
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION:
+        required: true
+      AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
+        required: true
+      AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
+        required: true
+
+permissions:
+  id-token: write
+  contents: read
+  attestations: write
+
+jobs:
+
+  set-image:
+    # GitHub Actions allows using 'env' in a container context.
+    # However, env variables don't work for forks: https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/44322
+    # This workaround sets the container image for each job using 'set-image' job output.
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      IMAGE: ${{ steps.set_image.outputs.IMAGE }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
+
+      - id: set_image
+        run: cat .github/env >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+  build-rc:
+    needs: [set-image]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment: release
+    container:
+      image: ${{ needs.set-image.outputs.IMAGE }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        binaries: ${{ fromJSON(inputs.binary) }}
+    env:
+      PGP_KMS_KEY: ${{ secrets.PGP_KMS_KEY }}
+      PGP_KMS_HASH: ${{ secrets.PGP_KMS_HASH }}
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Install pgpkkms
+        run: |
+          # Install pgpkms that is used to sign built artifacts
+          python3 -m pip install "pgpkms @ git+https://github.com/paritytech-release/pgpkms.git@5a8f82fbb607ea102d8c178e761659de54c7af69"
+          which pgpkms
+
+      - name: Checkout sources
+        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ inputs.release_tag }}
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Import gpg keys
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          . ./.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
+
+          import_gpg_keys
+
+      - name: Build binary
+        run: |
+          git config --global --add safe.directory "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}" #avoid "detected dubious ownership" error
+          ./.github/scripts/release/build-linux-release.sh ${{ matrix.binaries }} ${{ inputs.package }}
+
+      - name: Generate artifact attestation
+        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@1c608d11d69870c2092266b3f9a6f3abbf17002c # v1.4.3
+        with:
+          subject-path: /artifacts/${{ matrix.binaries }}/${{ matrix.binaries }}
+
+      - name: Sign artifacts
+        working-directory: /artifacts/${{ matrix.binaries }}
+        run: |
+          python3 -m pgpkms sign --input ${{matrix.binaries }} -o ${{ matrix.binaries }}.asc
+
+      - name: Check sha256 ${{ matrix.binaries }}
+        working-directory: /artifacts/${{ matrix.binaries }}
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          .  "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}"/.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
+
+          echo "Checking binary  ${{ matrix.binaries }}"
+          check_sha256  ${{ matrix.binaries }}
+
+      - name: Check GPG ${{ matrix.binaries }}
+        working-directory: /artifacts/${{ matrix.binaries }}
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          . "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}"/.github/scripts/common/lib.sh
+
+          check_gpg  ${{ matrix.binaries }}
+
+      - name: Upload ${{ matrix.binaries }} artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@5d5d22a31266ced268874388b861e4b58bb5c2f3 # v4.3.1
+        with:
+          name: ${{ matrix.binaries }}
+          path: /artifacts/${{ matrix.binaries }}
+
+  build-polkadot-deb-package:
+    if: ${{ inputs.package == 'polkadot' }}
+    needs: [build-rc]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout sources
+      uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
+      with:
+        ref: ${{ inputs.release_tag }}
+        fetch-depth: 0
+
+    - name: Download artifacts
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16 # v4.1.8
+      with:
+        path: target/production
+        merge-multiple: true
+
+    - name: Build polkadot deb package
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        . "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}"/.github/scripts/release/build-deb.sh ${{ inputs.package }} ${{ inputs.release_tag }}
+
+    - name: Generate artifact attestation
+      uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@1c608d11d69870c2092266b3f9a6f3abbf17002c # v1.4.3
+      with:
+        subject-path: target/production/*.deb
+
+    - name: Upload ${{inputs.package }} artifacts
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@5d5d22a31266ced268874388b861e4b58bb5c2f3 # v4.3.1
+      with:
+        name: ${{ inputs.package }}
+        path: target/production
+        overwrite: true
+
+  upload-polkadot-artifacts-to-s3:
+    if: ${{ inputs.package == 'polkadot' }}
+    needs: [build-polkadot-deb-package]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/release-reusable-s3-upload.yml
+    with:
+      package: ${{ inputs.package }}
+      release_tag: ${{ inputs.release_tag }}
+    secrets:
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION }}
+      AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+
+
+  upload-polkadot-parachain-artifacts-to-s3:
+    if: ${{ inputs.package == 'polkadot-parachain-bin' }}
+    needs: [build-rc]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/release-reusable-s3-upload.yml
+    with:
+      package: ${{ inputs.binary }}
+      release_tag: ${{ inputs.release_tag }}
+    secrets:
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION }}
+      AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-reusable-s3-upload.yml b/.github/workflows/release-reusable-s3-upload.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6776b78da8e668ae55984c516da646cd52b895b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-reusable-s3-upload.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+name: Upload to s3
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      package:
+        description: Package to be built, for now is either polkadot or polkadot-parachain-bin
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+      release_tag:
+        description: Tag matching the actual release candidate with the format stableYYMM-rcX or stableYYMM-rcX
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+    secrets:
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION:
+        required: true
+      AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
+        required: true
+      AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
+        required: true
+
+jobs:
+  upload-artifacts-to-s3:
+      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+      environment: release
+      env:
+        AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+        AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_RELEASE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+        AWS_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION }}
+
+      steps:
+        - name: Checkout
+          uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
+
+        - name: Download artifacts
+          uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16 # v4.1.8
+          with:
+            name: ${{ inputs.package }}
+            path: artifacts/${{ inputs.package }}
+
+        - name: Configure AWS Credentials
+          uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@e3dd6a429d7300a6a4c196c26e071d42e0343502 # v4.0.2
+          with:
+            aws-access-key-id: ${{ env.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+            aws-secret-access-key: ${{ env.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+            aws-region: ${{ env.AWS_REGION }}
+
+        - name: Upload ${{ inputs.package }} artifacts to s3
+          run: |
+            . ./.github/scripts/release/release_lib.sh
+            upload_s3_release ${{ inputs.package }} ${{ inputs.release_tag }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml b/.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
index 71823a97ff2eb70206fd132541793dbc20dff799..e1799adddcaf6435601894876c25034625827577 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
@@ -26,23 +26,55 @@ on:
       IMAGE:
         value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
         description: "CI image"
+
+      # Runners
+      # https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/wiki/GitHub#paritytech-self-hosted-runners
       RUNNER:
         value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
         description: |
-          Runner name.
+          Main runner for resource-intensive tasks
+          By default we use spot machines that can be terminated at any time.
+          Merge queues use persistent runners to avoid kicking off from queue when the runner is terminated.
+      RUNNER_OLDLINUX:
+        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_OLDLINUX }}
+        description: |
+          parity-oldlinux
           By default we use spot machines that can be terminated at any time.
           Merge queues use persistent runners to avoid kicking off from queue when the runner is terminated.
-      OLDLINUXRUNNER:
-        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.OLDLINUXRUNNER }}
+      RUNNER_DEFAULT:
+        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
+        description: "Relatively lightweight runner. When `ubuntu-latest` is not enough"
+      RUNNER_WEIGHTS:
+        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_WEIGHTS }}
+      RUNNER_BENCHMARK:
+        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_BENCHMARK }}
+      RUNNER_MACOS:
+        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_MACOS }}
+
+      # Vars
+      SOURCE_REF_SLUG:
+        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.SOURCE_REF_SLUG }}
+        description: "Name of the current branch for `push` or source branch for `pull_request` with `/` replaced by `_`. Does not exists in merge_group"
+      REF_SLUG:
+        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.REF_SLUG }}
+        description: |
+          Name of the current revision (depending on the event) with `/` replaced by `_`, e.g:
+          push - master
+          pull_request - 49_merge
+          merge_group - gh-readonly-queue_master_pr-49-38d43798a986430231c828b2c762997f818ac012
 
-      SOURCE_REF_NAME:
-        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.SOURCE_REF_NAME }}
-        description: "Name of the current branch for `push` or source branch for `pull_request`"
       COMMIT_SHA:
         value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.COMMIT_SHA }}
-        description: "Sha of the current commit for `push` or head of the source branch for `pull_request`"
+        description: "Sha of the current revision"
+      COMMIT_SHA_SHORT:
+        value: ${{ jobs.preflight.outputs.COMMIT_SHA_SHORT }}
+        description: "Sha of the current revision, 8-symbols long"
 
 jobs:
+
+  #
+  #
+  #
   preflight:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     outputs:
@@ -50,12 +82,21 @@ jobs:
       changes_currentWorkflow: ${{ steps.set_changes.outputs.currentWorkflow_any_changed }}
 
       IMAGE: ${{ steps.set_image.outputs.IMAGE }}
+
+      # Runners
+      # https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/wiki/GitHub#paritytech-self-hosted-runners
       RUNNER: ${{ steps.set_runner.outputs.RUNNER }}
-      OLDLINUXRUNNER: ${{ steps.set_runner.outputs.OLDLINUXRUNNER }}
+      RUNNER_OLDLINUX: ${{ steps.set_runner.outputs.RUNNER_OLDLINUX }}
+      RUNNER_DEFAULT: ${{ steps.set_runner.outputs.RUNNER_DEFAULT }}
+      RUNNER_WEIGHTS: ${{ steps.set_runner.outputs.RUNNER_WEIGHTS }}
+      RUNNER_BENCHMARK: ${{ steps.set_runner.outputs.RUNNER_BENCHMARK }}
+      RUNNER_MACOS: ${{ steps.set_runner.outputs.RUNNER_MACOS }}
 
-      SOURCE_REF_NAME: ${{ steps.set_vars.outputs.SOURCE_REF_NAME }}
-      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ steps.set_vars.outputs.COMMIT_SHA }}
+      SOURCE_REF_SLUG: ${{ steps.set_vars.outputs.SOURCE_REF_SLUG }}
+      REF_SLUG: ${{ steps.set_vars.outputs.REF_SLUG }}
 
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ steps.set_vars.outputs.COMMIT_SHA }}
+      COMMIT_SHA_SHORT: ${{ steps.set_vars.outputs.COMMIT_SHA_SHORT }}
 
     steps:
 
@@ -64,7 +105,8 @@ jobs:
       #
       # Set changes
       #
-      - id: current_file
+      - name: Current file
+        id: current_file
         shell: bash
         run: |
           echo "currentWorkflowFile=$(echo ${{ github.workflow_ref }} | sed -nE "s/.*(\.github\/workflows\/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]*\.y[a]?ml)@refs.*/\1/p")" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
@@ -98,27 +140,40 @@ jobs:
       # By default we use spot machines that can be terminated at any time.
       # Merge queues use persistent runners to avoid kicking off from queue when the runner is terminated.
       #
-      - id: set_runner
+      - name: Set runner
+        id: set_runner
         shell: bash
         run: |
+          echo "RUNNER_DEFAULT=parity-default" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "RUNNER_WEIGHTS=parity-weights" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "RUNNER_BENCHMARK=parity-benchmark" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "RUNNER_MACOS=parity-macos" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          #
           # Run merge queues on persistent runners
           if [[ $GITHUB_REF_NAME == *"gh-readonly-queue"* ]]; then
-            echo "RUNNER=arc-runners-polkadot-sdk-beefy-persistent" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-            echo "OLDLINUXRUNNER=oldlinux-persistent" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "RUNNER=parity-large-persistent" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "RUNNER_OLDLINUX=parity-oldlinux-persistent" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           else
-            echo "RUNNER=arc-runners-polkadot-sdk-beefy" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-            echo "OLDLINUXRUNNER=oldlinux" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "RUNNER=parity-large" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "RUNNER_OLDLINUX=parity-oldlinux" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           fi
 
       #
       # Set vars
       #
-      - id: set_vars
+      - name: Set vars
+        id: set_vars
         shell: bash
         run: |
-          export BRANCH_NAME=${{ github.head_ref || github.ref_name }}
-          echo "SOURCE_REF_NAME=${BRANCH_NAME//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "COMMIT_SHA=${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          export SOURCE_REF_NAME=${{ github.head_ref || github.ref_name }}
+          echo "SOURCE_REF_SLUG=${SOURCE_REF_NAME//\//_}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          #
+          export COMMIT_SHA=${{ github.sha }}
+          echo "COMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "COMMIT_SHA_SHORT=${COMMIT_SHA:0:8}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          #
+          export REF_NAME=${{ github.ref_name }}
+          echo "REF_SLUG=${REF_NAME//\//_}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
 
       - name: log
@@ -126,6 +181,41 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           echo "workflow file: ${{ steps.current_file.outputs.currentWorkflowFile }}"
           echo "Modified: ${{ steps.set_changes.outputs.modified_keys }}"
+
+  #
+  #
+  #
+  ci-versions:
+    needs: [preflight]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Info rust
+        run: |
+          rustup show
+          cargo --version
+          cargo +nightly --version
+          cargo clippy --version
+          echo "yarn version: $(yarn --version)"
+          echo $( substrate-contracts-node --version | awk 'NF' )
+          estuary --version
+          cargo-contract --version
+
+      - name: Info forklift
+        run: forklift version
+
+      - name: Info vars
+        run: |
+          echo "COMMIT_SHA: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.COMMIT_SHA }}"
+          echo "COMMIT_SHA_SHORT: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.COMMIT_SHA_SHORT }}"
+          echo "SOURCE_REF_SLUG: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.SOURCE_REF_SLUG }}"
+          echo "REF_SLUG: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.REF_SLUG }}"
+          echo "RUNNER: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}"
+          echo "IMAGE: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}"
+          #
           echo "github.ref: ${{ github.ref }}"
           echo "github.ref_name: ${{ github.ref_name }}"
-          echo "github.sha: ${{ github.sha }}"
+          echo "github.sha: ${{ github.sha }}"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/workflows/runtimes-matrix.json b/.github/workflows/runtimes-matrix.json
index 102437876dafb207346ba9cce1de6935ed15c409..e4e3a2dbe6d18d10916939e68dbff1997fec4fab 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/runtimes-matrix.json
+++ b/.github/workflows/runtimes-matrix.json
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
     "path": "substrate/frame",
     "header": "substrate/HEADER-APACHE2",
     "template": "substrate/.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks,riscv",
+    "bench_flags": "--genesis-builder-policy=none --exclude-pallets=pallet_xcm,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::fungible,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic,pallet_nomination_pools,pallet_remark,pallet_transaction_storage",
     "uri": null,
     "is_relay": false
   },
@@ -14,6 +16,8 @@
     "path": "polkadot/runtime/westend",
     "header": "polkadot/file_header.txt",
     "template": "polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs",
+    "bench_flags": "",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
     "uri": "wss://try-runtime-westend.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": true
   },
@@ -24,6 +28,8 @@
     "header": "polkadot/file_header.txt",
     "template": "polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/template.hbs",
     "uri": "wss://try-runtime-rococo.polkadot.io:443",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "",
     "is_relay": true
   },
   {
@@ -32,6 +38,8 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "",
     "uri": "wss://westend-asset-hub-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   },
@@ -41,24 +49,30 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "",
     "uri": "wss://rococo-asset-hub-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   },
   {
     "name": "bridge-hub-rococo",
     "package": "bridge-hub-rococo-runtime",
-    "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo",
+    "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "",
     "uri": "wss://rococo-bridge-hub-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   },
   {
     "name": "bridge-hub-westend",
     "package": "bridge-hub-rococo-runtime",
-    "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridges/bridge-hub-westend",
+    "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "",
     "uri": "wss://westend-bridge-hub-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   },
@@ -68,6 +82,8 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "",
     "uri": "wss://westend-collectives-rpc.polkadot.io:443"
   },
   {
@@ -76,6 +92,8 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "--genesis-builder-policy=none --exclude-pallets=pallet_xcm",
     "uri": "wss://rococo-contracts-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   },
@@ -85,6 +103,8 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "--genesis-builder-policy=none --exclude-pallets=pallet_xcm,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::fungible,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic",
     "uri": "wss://rococo-coretime-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   },
@@ -94,6 +114,8 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "--genesis-builder-policy=none --exclude-pallets=pallet_xcm,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::fungible,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic",
     "uri": "wss://westend-coretime-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   },
@@ -103,6 +125,8 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/gluttons/glutton-westend",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "--genesis-builder-policy=none",
     "uri": null,
     "is_relay": false
   },
@@ -112,6 +136,8 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "--genesis-builder-policy=none --exclude-pallets=pallet_xcm,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::fungible,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic",
     "uri": "wss://rococo-people-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   },
@@ -121,6 +147,8 @@
     "path": "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend",
     "header": "cumulus/file_header.txt",
     "template": "cumulus/templates/xcm-bench-template.hbs",
+    "bench_features": "runtime-benchmarks",
+    "bench_flags": "--genesis-builder-policy=none --exclude-pallets=pallet_xcm,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::fungible,pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic",
     "uri": "wss://westend-people-rpc.polkadot.io:443",
     "is_relay": false
   }
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests-linux-stable.yml b/.github/workflows/tests-linux-stable.yml
index 6cf71422511cc3d5b698725c576707a732bc9645..dd292d55e20186754684d89cd41adfb81c17f352 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tests-linux-stable.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tests-linux-stable.yml
@@ -13,13 +13,12 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-
   preflight:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
 
   test-linux-stable-int:
     needs: [preflight]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     container:
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
   # https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/issues/864
   test-linux-stable-runtime-benchmarks:
     needs: [preflight]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     container:
@@ -54,11 +53,11 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: script
-        run: forklift cargo nextest run --workspace --features runtime-benchmarks benchmark --locked --cargo-profile testnet
+        run: forklift cargo nextest run --workspace --features runtime-benchmarks benchmark --locked --cargo-profile testnet --cargo-quiet
 
   test-linux-stable:
     needs: [preflight]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.runners }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     strategy:
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ jobs:
         runners:
           [
             "${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}",
-            "${{ needs.preflight.outputs.OLDLINUXRUNNER }}",
+            "${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_OLDLINUX }}",
           ]
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
@@ -91,12 +90,48 @@ jobs:
             --locked \
             --release \
             --no-fail-fast \
+            --cargo-quiet \
             --features try-runtime,experimental,riscv,ci-only-tests \
             --partition count:${{ matrix.partition }}
       # run runtime-api tests with `enable-staging-api` feature on the 1st node
       - name: runtime-api tests
         if: ${{ matrix.partition == '1/3' }}
-        run: forklift cargo nextest run -p sp-api-test --features enable-staging-api
+        run: forklift cargo nextest run -p sp-api-test --features enable-staging-api --cargo-quiet
+
+  # some tests do not run with `try-runtime` feature enabled
+  # https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/4251#discussion_r1624282143
+  #
+  # all_security_features_work and nonexistent_cache_dir are currently skipped
+  # becuase runners don't have the necessary permissions to run them
+  test-linux-stable-no-try-runtime:
+    needs: [preflight]
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    container:
+      image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        partition: [1/2, 2/2]
+    env:
+      RUST_TOOLCHAIN: stable
+      # Enable debug assertions since we are running optimized builds for testing
+      # but still want to have debug assertions.
+      RUSTFLAGS: "-Cdebug-assertions=y -Dwarnings"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: script
+        run: |
+          forklift cargo nextest run --workspace \
+                   --locked \
+                   --release \
+                   --no-fail-fast \
+                   --cargo-quiet \
+                   --features experimental,riscv,ci-only-tests \
+                   --filter-expr " !test(/all_security_features_work/) - test(/nonexistent_cache_dir/)" \
+                   --partition count:${{ matrix.partition }} \
 
   confirm-required-jobs-passed:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -107,6 +142,7 @@ jobs:
         test-linux-stable-int,
         test-linux-stable-runtime-benchmarks,
         test-linux-stable,
+        test-linux-stable-no-try-runtime,
       ]
     if: always() && !cancelled()
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests-misc.yml b/.github/workflows/tests-misc.yml
index 843e09ef7a4989a188bbc4b3cfc0eb9b153a75c7..b51f2c249d848d6a460deb6c878b6018eb560476 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tests-misc.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tests-misc.yml
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ jobs:
   test-full-crypto-feature:
     needs: [preflight]
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ jobs:
     # into one job
     needs: [preflight, test-full-crypto-feature]
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     env:
@@ -67,6 +69,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 60
     needs: [preflight]
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     env:
@@ -74,8 +77,7 @@ jobs:
       # but still want to have debug assertions.
       RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
       RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
-      WASM_BUILD_NO_COLOR: 1
-      WASM_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
+      SKIP_WASM_BUILD: 1
       # Ensure we run the UI tests.
       RUN_UI_TESTS: 1
     steps:
@@ -83,18 +85,20 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: script
         run: |
-          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p frame-support-test --features=frame-feature-testing,no-metadata-docs,try-runtime,experimental
-          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p frame-support-test --features=frame-feature-testing,frame-feature-testing-2,no-metadata-docs,try-runtime,experimental
-          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p xcm-procedural
-          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p frame-election-provider-solution-type
-          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p sp-api-test
+          cargo version
+          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p frame-support-test --features=frame-feature-testing,no-metadata-docs,try-runtime,experimental ui
+          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p frame-support-test --features=frame-feature-testing,frame-feature-testing-2,no-metadata-docs,try-runtime,experimental ui
+          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p xcm-procedural ui
+          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p frame-election-provider-solution-type ui
+          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet -p sp-api-test ui
           # There is multiple version of sp-runtime-interface in the repo. So we point to the manifest.
-          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet --manifest-path substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/Cargo.toml
+          forklift cargo test --locked -q --profile testnet --manifest-path substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/Cargo.toml ui
 
   test-deterministic-wasm:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     needs: [preflight, test-frame-examples-compile-to-wasm]
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     env:
@@ -153,7 +157,6 @@ jobs:
   node-bench-regression-guard:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     if: always() && !cancelled()
-    # runs-on: arc-runners-polkadot-sdk
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: [preflight, cargo-check-benches]
     steps:
@@ -175,6 +178,11 @@ jobs:
       - name: script
         id: compare
         run: |
+          if [ "${{ github.ref_name }}" = "master" ]; then
+            echo -e "Exiting on master branch"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
           docker run --rm \
           -v $PWD/artifacts/master:/artifacts/master \
           -v $PWD/artifacts/current:/artifacts/current \
@@ -194,6 +202,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [preflight]
     timeout-minutes: 30
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     steps:
@@ -226,6 +235,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     needs: [preflight, test-node-metrics]
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     steps:
@@ -241,6 +251,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     needs: [preflight, check-tracing]
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     steps:
@@ -251,50 +262,52 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           forklift cargo build --locked -p westend-runtime --features metadata-hash
 
-  cargo-hfuzz:
-    timeout-minutes: 20
-    needs: [preflight, check-metadata-hash]
-    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
-    container:
-      image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
-    env:
-      # max 10s per iteration, 60s per file
-      HFUZZ_RUN_ARGS: |
-        --exit_upon_crash
-        --exit_code_upon_crash 1
-        --timeout 10
-        --run_time 60
-
-      # use git version of honggfuzz-rs until v0.5.56 is out, we need a few recent changes:
-      # https://github.com/rust-fuzz/honggfuzz-rs/pull/75 to avoid breakage on debian
-      # https://github.com/rust-fuzz/honggfuzz-rs/pull/81 fix to the above pr
-      # https://github.com/rust-fuzz/honggfuzz-rs/pull/82 fix for handling absolute CARGO_TARGET_DIR
-      HFUZZ_BUILD_ARGS: |
-        --config=patch.crates-io.honggfuzz.git="https://github.com/altaua/honggfuzz-rs"
-        --config=patch.crates-io.honggfuzz.rev="205f7c8c059a0d98fe1cb912cdac84f324cb6981"
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Run honggfuzz
-        run: |
-          cd substrate/primitives/arithmetic/fuzzer
-          forklift cargo hfuzz build
-          for target in $(cargo read-manifest | jq -r '.targets | .[] | .name');
-          do
-            forklift cargo hfuzz run "$target" || { printf "fuzzing failure for %s\n" "$target"; exit 1; };
-          done
-
-      - name: Upload artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.3.6
-        with:
-          path: substrate/primitives/arithmetic/fuzzer/hfuzz_workspace/
-          name: hfuzz-${{ github.sha }}
+  # disabled until https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/5812 is resolved
+  # cargo-hfuzz:
+  #   timeout-minutes: 20
+  #   needs: [preflight, check-metadata-hash]
+  #   runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+  #   container:
+  #     image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
+  #   env:
+  #     # max 10s per iteration, 60s per file
+  #     HFUZZ_RUN_ARGS: |
+  #       --exit_upon_crash
+  #       --exit_code_upon_crash 1
+  #       --timeout 10
+  #       --run_time 60
+
+  #     # use git version of honggfuzz-rs until v0.5.56 is out, we need a few recent changes:
+  #     # https://github.com/rust-fuzz/honggfuzz-rs/pull/75 to avoid breakage on debian
+  #     # https://github.com/rust-fuzz/honggfuzz-rs/pull/81 fix to the above pr
+  #     # https://github.com/rust-fuzz/honggfuzz-rs/pull/82 fix for handling absolute CARGO_TARGET_DIR
+  #     HFUZZ_BUILD_ARGS: |
+  #       --config=patch.crates-io.honggfuzz.git="https://github.com/altaua/honggfuzz-rs"
+  #       --config=patch.crates-io.honggfuzz.rev="205f7c8c059a0d98fe1cb912cdac84f324cb6981"
+  #   steps:
+  #     - name: Checkout
+  #       uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+  #     - name: Run honggfuzz
+  #       run: |
+  #         cd substrate/primitives/arithmetic/fuzzer
+  #         forklift cargo hfuzz build
+  #         for target in $(cargo read-manifest | jq -r '.targets | .[] | .name');
+  #         do
+  #           forklift cargo hfuzz run "$target" || { printf "fuzzing failure for %s\n" "$target"; exit 1; };
+  #         done
+
+  #     - name: Upload artifacts
+  #       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.3.6
+  #       with:
+  #         path: substrate/primitives/arithmetic/fuzzer/hfuzz_workspace/
+  #         name: hfuzz-${{ github.sha }}
 
   cargo-check-each-crate:
-    timeout-minutes: 140
+    timeout-minutes: 70
     needs: [preflight]
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     container:
       image: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.IMAGE }}
     env:
@@ -321,7 +334,8 @@ jobs:
   cargo-check-all-crate-macos:
     timeout-minutes: 30
     needs: [preflight]
-    runs-on: parity-macos
+    runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER_MACOS }}
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     env:
       SKIP_WASM_BUILD: 1
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests.yml b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
index 1132c2ca4dd5fc99ff14b8333633788a3ff36da5..6d6e393b0410be530a0d8830ce264b28e140bd99 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
@@ -5,21 +5,20 @@ on:
     branches:
       - master
   pull_request:
-    types: [ opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review ]
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
   merge_group:
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-
   preflight:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-preflight.yml
 
   # This job runs all benchmarks defined in the `/bin/node/runtime` once to check that there are no errors.
   quick-benchmarks:
-    needs: [ preflight ]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    needs: [preflight]
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     container:
@@ -33,12 +32,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: script
-        run: forklift cargo run --locked --release -p staging-node-cli --bin substrate-node --features runtime-benchmarks -- benchmark pallet --chain dev --pallet "*" --extrinsic "*" --steps 2 --repeat 1 --quiet
+        run: forklift cargo run --locked --release -p staging-node-cli --bin substrate-node --features runtime-benchmarks --quiet -- benchmark pallet --chain dev --pallet "*" --extrinsic "*" --steps 2 --repeat 1 --quiet
 
   # cf https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1652
   test-syscalls:
-    needs: [ preflight ]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    needs: [preflight]
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     container:
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: script
         id: test
         run: |
-          forklift cargo build --locked --profile production --target x86_64-unknown-linux-musl --bin polkadot-execute-worker --bin polkadot-prepare-worker
+          forklift cargo build --locked --profile production --target x86_64-unknown-linux-musl --bin polkadot-execute-worker --bin polkadot-prepare-worker --quiet
           cd polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls
           ./list-syscalls.rb ../../../target/x86_64-unknown-linux-musl/production/polkadot-execute-worker --only-used-syscalls | diff -u execute-worker-syscalls -
           ./list-syscalls.rb ../../../target/x86_64-unknown-linux-musl/production/polkadot-prepare-worker --only-used-syscalls | diff -u prepare-worker-syscalls -
@@ -61,10 +60,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           echo "The x86_64 syscalls used by the worker binaries have changed. Please review if this is expected and update polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/*-worker-syscalls as needed." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
 
-
   cargo-check-all-benches:
-    needs: [ preflight ]
-    # if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
+    needs: [preflight]
+    if: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.changes_rust }}
     runs-on: ${{ needs.preflight.outputs.RUNNER }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     container:
@@ -75,4 +73,4 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: script
-        run: forklift cargo check --all --benches
+        run: forklift cargo check --all --benches --quiet
diff --git a/.gitlab-ci.yml b/.gitlab-ci.yml
index 5c6b3928b46e76e2092463f4f7f741e2addee6bd..f508404f1efa137eaecb70a05c093d1e0d53d750 100644
--- a/.gitlab-ci.yml
+++ b/.gitlab-ci.yml
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ workflow:
     - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH
 
 variables:
-  CI_IMAGE: !reference [.ci-unified, variables, CI_IMAGE]
+  # CI_IMAGE: !reference [ .ci-unified, variables, CI_IMAGE ]
+  CI_IMAGE: "docker.io/paritytech/ci-unified:bullseye-1.81.0-2024-09-11-v202409111034"
   # BUILDAH_IMAGE is defined in group variables
   BUILDAH_COMMAND: "buildah --storage-driver overlay2"
   RELENG_SCRIPTS_BRANCH: "master"
@@ -224,8 +225,6 @@ include:
   - .gitlab/pipeline/test.yml
   # build jobs
   - .gitlab/pipeline/build.yml
-  # short-benchmarks jobs
-  - .gitlab/pipeline/short-benchmarks.yml
   # publish jobs
   - .gitlab/pipeline/publish.yml
   # zombienet jobs
@@ -283,8 +282,3 @@ cancel-pipeline-build-linux-substrate:
   extends: .cancel-pipeline-template
   needs:
     - job: build-linux-substrate
-
-cancel-pipeline-build-short-benchmark:
-  extends: .cancel-pipeline-template
-  needs:
-    - job: build-short-benchmark
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/build.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/build.yml
index 931aef8023305dde9bbfc946f7972d2846cac321..1bd04ae670f4602801e13b01cd2a7ae514113d99 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/build.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/build.yml
@@ -100,49 +100,6 @@ build-templates-node:
     - mv ./target/release/minimal-template-node ./artifacts/.
     - mv ./target/release/solochain-template-node ./artifacts/.
 
-build-rustdoc:
-  stage: build
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .common-refs
-    - .run-immediately
-  variables:
-    SKIP_WASM_BUILD: 1
-    RUSTDOCFLAGS: "-Dwarnings --default-theme=ayu --html-in-header ./docs/sdk/assets/header.html --extend-css ./docs/sdk/assets/theme.css --html-after-content ./docs/sdk/assets/after-content.html"
-  artifacts:
-    name: "${CI_JOB_NAME}_${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}-doc"
-    when: on_success
-    expire_in: 1 days
-    paths:
-      - ./crate-docs/
-  script:
-    - time cargo doc --all-features --workspace --no-deps
-    - rm -f ./target/doc/.lock
-    - mv ./target/doc ./crate-docs
-    # Inject Simple Analytics (https://www.simpleanalytics.com/) privacy preserving tracker into
-    # all .html files
-    - >
-      inject_simple_analytics() {
-        local path="$1";
-        local script_content="<script async defer src=\"https://apisa.parity.io/latest.js\"></script><noscript><img src=\"https://apisa.parity.io/latest.js\" alt=\"\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" /></noscript>";
-
-        # Function that inject script into the head of an html file using sed.
-        process_file() {
-            local file="$1";
-            echo "Adding Simple Analytics script to $file";
-            sed -i "s|</head>|$script_content</head>|" "$file";
-        };
-        export -f process_file;
-        # xargs runs process_file in separate shells without access to outer variables.
-        # make script_content available inside process_file, export it as an env var here.
-        export script_content;
-
-        # Modify .html files in parallel using xargs, otherwise it can take a long time.
-        find "$path" -name '*.html' | xargs -I {} -P "$(nproc)" bash -c 'process_file "$@"' _ {};
-      };
-      inject_simple_analytics "./crate-docs";
-    - echo "<meta http-equiv=refresh content=0;url=polkadot_sdk_docs/index.html>" > ./crate-docs/index.html
-
 build-implementers-guide:
   stage: build
   extends:
@@ -160,19 +117,6 @@ build-implementers-guide:
     - mkdir -p artifacts
     - mv polkadot/roadmap/implementers-guide/book artifacts/
 
-build-short-benchmark:
-  stage: build
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .common-refs
-    - .run-immediately
-    - .collect-artifacts
-  script:
-    - cargo build --profile release --locked --features=runtime-benchmarks,on-chain-release-build --bin polkadot --workspace
-    - mkdir -p artifacts
-    - target/release/polkadot --version
-    - cp ./target/release/polkadot ./artifacts/
-
 build-polkadot-zombienet-tests:
   stage: build
   extends:
@@ -191,7 +135,6 @@ build-polkadot-zombienet-tests:
     - mkdir -p artifacts
     - cp polkadot-zombienet-tests.tar.zst ./artifacts
 
-
 # build jobs from cumulus
 
 build-linux-stable-cumulus:
@@ -234,101 +177,6 @@ build-test-parachain:
     - mkdir -p ./artifacts/zombienet
     - mv ./target/release/wbuild/cumulus-test-runtime/wasm_binary_spec_version_incremented.rs.compact.compressed.wasm ./artifacts/zombienet/.
 
-# build runtime only if files in $RUNTIME_PATH/$RUNTIME_NAME were changed
-.build-runtime-template: &build-runtime-template
-  stage: build
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .test-refs-no-trigger-prs-only
-    - .run-immediately
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_PATH: "parachains/runtimes/assets"
-  script:
-    - cd ${RUNTIME_PATH}
-    - for directory in $(echo */); do
-      echo "_____Running cargo check for ${directory} ______";
-      cd ${directory};
-      pwd;
-      SKIP_WASM_BUILD=1 cargo check --locked;
-      cd ..;
-      done
-
-# DAG: build-runtime-assets -> build-runtime-collectives -> build-runtime-bridge-hubs
-# DAG: build-runtime-assets -> build-runtime-collectives -> build-runtime-contracts
-# DAG: build-runtime-assets -> build-runtime-coretime
-# DAG: build-runtime-assets -> build-runtime-starters -> build-runtime-testing
-build-runtime-assets:
-  <<: *build-runtime-template
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_PATH: "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets"
-
-build-runtime-collectives:
-  <<: *build-runtime-template
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_PATH: "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives"
-  # this is an artificial job dependency, for pipeline optimization using GitLab's DAGs
-  needs:
-    - job: build-runtime-assets
-      artifacts: false
-
-build-runtime-coretime:
-  <<: *build-runtime-template
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_PATH: "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime"
-  # this is an artificial job dependency, for pipeline optimization using GitLab's DAGs
-  needs:
-    - job: build-runtime-assets
-      artifacts: false
-
-build-runtime-bridge-hubs:
-  <<: *build-runtime-template
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_PATH: "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs"
-  # this is an artificial job dependency, for pipeline optimization using GitLab's DAGs
-  needs:
-    - job: build-runtime-collectives
-      artifacts: false
-
-build-runtime-contracts:
-  <<: *build-runtime-template
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_PATH: "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts"
-  # this is an artificial job dependency, for pipeline optimization using GitLab's DAGs
-  needs:
-    - job: build-runtime-collectives
-      artifacts: false
-
-build-runtime-starters:
-  <<: *build-runtime-template
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_PATH: "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters"
-  # this is an artificial job dependency, for pipeline optimization using GitLab's DAGs
-  needs:
-    - job: build-runtime-assets
-      artifacts: false
-
-build-runtime-testing:
-  <<: *build-runtime-template
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_PATH: "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing"
-  # this is an artificial job dependency, for pipeline optimization using GitLab's DAGs
-  needs:
-    - job: build-runtime-starters
-      artifacts: false
-
-build-short-benchmark-cumulus:
-  stage: build
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .common-refs
-    - .run-immediately
-    - .collect-artifacts
-  script:
-    - cargo build --profile release --locked --features=runtime-benchmarks,on-chain-release-build -p polkadot-parachain-bin --bin polkadot-parachain --workspace
-    - mkdir -p artifacts
-    - target/release/polkadot-parachain --version
-    - cp ./target/release/polkadot-parachain ./artifacts/
-
 # substrate
 
 build-linux-substrate:
@@ -349,7 +197,7 @@ build-linux-substrate:
     # tldr: we need to checkout the branch HEAD explicitly because of our dynamic versioning approach while building the substrate binary
     # see https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/issues/682#issuecomment-1340953589
     - git checkout -B "$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME" "$CI_COMMIT_SHA"
-    - !reference [ .forklift-cache, before_script ]
+    - !reference [.forklift-cache, before_script]
   script:
     - time WASM_BUILD_NO_COLOR=1 cargo build --locked --release -p staging-node-cli
     - mv $CARGO_TARGET_DIR/release/substrate-node ./artifacts/substrate/substrate
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/publish.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/publish.yml
index 5ad9ae9bfb36d4e4efb6c9cc41453f06afe7f93d..92deaea2f6121c28e0a4c3bed0d5aeff04171209 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/publish.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/publish.yml
@@ -1,67 +1,6 @@
 # This file is part of .gitlab-ci.yml
 # Here are all jobs that are executed during "publish" stage
 
-publish-rustdoc:
-  stage: publish
-  extends:
-    - .kubernetes-env
-    - .publish-gh-pages-refs
-  variables:
-    CI_IMAGE: node:18
-    GIT_DEPTH: 100
-    RUSTDOCS_DEPLOY_REFS: "master"
-  needs:
-    - job: build-rustdoc
-      artifacts: true
-    - job: build-implementers-guide
-      artifacts: true
-  script:
-    # If $CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME doesn't match one of $RUSTDOCS_DEPLOY_REFS space-separated values, we
-    # exit immediately.
-    # Putting spaces at the front and back to ensure we are not matching just any substring, but the
-    # whole space-separated value.
-    # setup ssh
-    - eval $(ssh-agent)
-    - ssh-add - <<< ${GITHUB_SSH_PRIV_KEY}
-    - mkdir ~/.ssh && touch ~/.ssh/known_hosts
-    - ssh-keyscan -t rsa github.com >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
-    # Set git config
-    - git config user.email "devops-team@parity.io"
-    - git config user.name "${GITHUB_USER}"
-    - git config remote.origin.url "git@github.com:/paritytech/${CI_PROJECT_NAME}.git"
-    - git config remote.origin.fetch "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
-    - git fetch origin gh-pages
-    # Save README and docs
-    - cp -r ./crate-docs/ /tmp/doc/
-    - cp -r ./artifacts/book/ /tmp/
-    - cp README.md /tmp/doc/
-    # we don't need to commit changes because we copy docs to /tmp
-    - git checkout gh-pages --force
-    # Enable if docs needed for other refs
-    # Install `index-tpl-crud` and generate index.html based on RUSTDOCS_DEPLOY_REFS
-    # - which index-tpl-crud &> /dev/null || yarn global add @substrate/index-tpl-crud
-    # - index-tpl-crud upsert ./index.html ${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}
-    # Ensure the destination dir doesn't exist.
-    - rm -rf ${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}
-    - rm -rf book/
-    - mv -f /tmp/doc ${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}
-    # dir for implementors guide
-    - mkdir -p book
-    - mv /tmp/book/html/* book/
-    # Upload files
-    - git add --all
-    # `git commit` has an exit code of > 0 if there is nothing to commit.
-    # This causes GitLab to exit immediately and marks this job failed.
-    # We don't want to mark the entire job failed if there's nothing to
-    # publish though, hence the `|| true`.
-    - git commit -m "___Updated docs for ${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}___" ||
-      echo "___Nothing to commit___"
-    - git push origin gh-pages --force
-    # artificial sleep to publish gh-pages
-    - sleep 300
-  after_script:
-    - rm -rf .git/ ./*
-
 # note: images are used not only in zombienet but also in rococo, wococo and versi
 .build-push-image:
   image: $BUILDAH_IMAGE
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/short-benchmarks.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/short-benchmarks.yml
index ad09f3f7cb0a45f36767793a450b9b6975287856..ed97d539c095cf1413af30cc23dea272095b97dd 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/short-benchmarks.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/short-benchmarks.yml
@@ -1,121 +1 @@
-# This file is part of .gitlab-ci.yml
-# Here are all jobs that are executed during "short-benchmarks" stage
-
-# Run all pallet benchmarks only once to check if there are any errors
-
-# run short-benchmarks for relay chain runtimes from polkadot
-
-short-benchmark-westend: &short-bench
-  stage: short-benchmarks
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .common-refs
-  needs:
-    - job: build-short-benchmark
-      artifacts: true
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME: westend
-    # Enable debug assertions since we are running optimized builds for testing
-    # but still want to have debug assertions.
-    RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
-    RUST_BACKTRACE: "full"
-    WASM_BUILD_NO_COLOR: 1
-    WASM_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
-  tags:
-    - benchmark
-  script:
-    - ./artifacts/polkadot benchmark pallet --chain $RUNTIME-dev --pallet "*" --extrinsic "*" --steps 2 --repeat 1
-
-short-benchmark-rococo: &short-bench
-  stage: short-benchmarks
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .common-refs
-  needs:
-    - job: build-short-benchmark
-      artifacts: true
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME: rococo
-    # Enable debug assertions since we are running optimized builds for testing
-    # but still want to have debug assertions.
-    RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
-    RUST_BACKTRACE: "full"
-    WASM_BUILD_NO_COLOR: 1
-    WASM_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
-  tags:
-    - benchmark
-  script:
-    - ./artifacts/polkadot benchmark pallet --chain $RUNTIME-dev --pallet "*" --extrinsic "*" --steps 2 --repeat 1
-
-# run short-benchmarks for system parachain runtimes from cumulus
-
-.short-benchmark-cumulus: &short-bench-cumulus
-  stage: short-benchmarks
-  extends:
-    - .common-refs
-    - .docker-env
-  needs:
-    - job: build-short-benchmark-cumulus
-      artifacts: true
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: benchmarked-runtime-chain
-    # Enable debug assertions since we are running optimized builds for testing
-    # but still want to have debug assertions.
-    RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
-    RUST_BACKTRACE: "full"
-    WASM_BUILD_NO_COLOR: 1
-    WASM_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
-  tags:
-    - benchmark
-  script:
-    - ./artifacts/polkadot-parachain benchmark pallet --chain $RUNTIME_CHAIN --pallet "*" --extrinsic "*" --steps 2 --repeat 1
-
-short-benchmark-asset-hub-rococo:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: asset-hub-rococo-dev
-
-short-benchmark-asset-hub-westend:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: asset-hub-westend-dev
-
-short-benchmark-bridge-hub-rococo:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: bridge-hub-rococo-dev
-
-short-benchmark-bridge-hub-westend:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: bridge-hub-westend-dev
-
-short-benchmark-collectives-westend:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: collectives-westend-dev
-
-short-benchmark-coretime-rococo:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: coretime-rococo-dev
-
-short-benchmark-coretime-westend:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: coretime-westend-dev
-
-short-benchmark-people-rococo:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: people-rococo-dev
-
-short-benchmark-people-westend:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: people-westend-dev
-
-short-benchmark-glutton-westend:
-  <<: *short-bench-cumulus
-  variables:
-    RUNTIME_CHAIN: glutton-westend-dev-1300
+---
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/test.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/test.yml
index 00a0aa2c9771c09c29d98840473154ea8427bf7c..8e32a3614679a7e8d94bbaf48a57e38fd4a7acb1 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/test.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/test.yml
@@ -109,47 +109,3 @@ test-linux-stable-codecov:
       else
         codecovcli -v do-upload -f target/coverage/result/report-${CI_NODE_INDEX}.lcov --disable-search -t ${CODECOV_TOKEN} -r paritytech/polkadot-sdk --commit-sha ${CI_COMMIT_SHA} --fail-on-error --git-service github;
       fi
-
-test-doc:
-  stage: test
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .common-refs
-  # DAG
-  needs:
-    - job: test-rustdoc
-      artifacts: false
-  variables:
-    # Enable debug assertions since we are running optimized builds for testing
-    # but still want to have debug assertions.
-    RUSTFLAGS: "-Cdebug-assertions=y -Dwarnings"
-  script:
-    - time cargo test --doc --workspace
-
-test-rustdoc:
-  stage: test
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .common-refs
-    - .run-immediately
-  variables:
-    SKIP_WASM_BUILD: 1
-  script:
-    - time cargo doc --workspace --all-features --no-deps
-
-quick-benchmarks-omni:
-  stage: test
-  extends:
-    - .docker-env
-    - .common-refs
-    - .run-immediately
-  variables:
-    # Enable debug assertions since we are running optimized builds for testing
-    # but still want to have debug assertions.
-    RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions"
-    RUST_BACKTRACE: "full"
-    WASM_BUILD_NO_COLOR: 1
-    WASM_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C debug-assertions"
-  script:
-    - time cargo build --locked --quiet --release -p asset-hub-westend-runtime --features runtime-benchmarks
-    - time cargo run --locked --release -p frame-omni-bencher --quiet -- v1 benchmark pallet --runtime target/release/wbuild/asset-hub-westend-runtime/asset_hub_westend_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm --all --steps 2 --repeat 1 --quiet
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet.yml
index c17366dbe4c2832fb29687e21e54d53d6e4273e2..1589fccc972efac9a2c19da88dd34bd2a708c480 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet.yml
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 .zombienet-refs:
   extends: .build-refs
   variables:
-    ZOMBIENET_IMAGE: "docker.io/paritytech/zombienet:v1.3.105"
+    ZOMBIENET_IMAGE: "docker.io/paritytech/zombienet:v1.3.115"
     PUSHGATEWAY_URL: "http://zombienet-prometheus-pushgateway.managed-monitoring:9091/metrics/job/zombie-metrics"
     DEBUG: "zombie,zombie::network-node,zombie::kube::client::logs"
     ZOMBIE_PROVIDER: "k8s"
     RUST_LOG: "info,zombienet_orchestrator=debug"
     RUN_IN_CI: "1"
+    KUBERNETES_CPU_REQUEST: "512m"
+    KUBERNETES_MEMORY_REQUEST: "1Gi"
   timeout: 60m
 
 include:
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/cumulus.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/cumulus.yml
index 6e2b53fae6198501297960de84ecdb1606d3e128..fc88e1ff1450a9880495cd85f12113d2e64949b9 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/cumulus.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/cumulus.yml
@@ -46,7 +46,9 @@
     paths:
       - ./zombienet-logs
   allow_failure: true
-  retry: 2
+  retry:
+    max: 1
+    when: runner_system_failure
   tags:
     - zombienet-polkadot-integration-test
 
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/parachain-template.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/parachain-template.yml
index 6ed63182ec5313a106a0d583de412b9485d95dff..896ba7913be7a1352ac3d89df56a3521e6d9c913 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/parachain-template.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/parachain-template.yml
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@
   after_script:
     - mkdir -p ./zombienet-logs
     - cp /tmp/zombie*/*/*.log ./zombienet-logs/
-  retry: 2
+  retry:
+    max: 1
+    when: runner_system_failure
   timeout: 20m
   tags:
     - linux-docker
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/polkadot.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/polkadot.yml
index 93fc4bbb578a1fac1d97c1ed46c9f17821e2b4ae..d17380839942a1243dbc9b8d90768b07b05c5415 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/polkadot.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/polkadot.yml
@@ -72,7 +72,9 @@
   after_script:
     - mkdir -p ./zombienet-logs
     - cp /tmp/zombie*/logs/* ./zombienet-logs/
-  retry: 2
+  retry:
+    max: 1
+    when: runner_system_failure
   tags:
     - zombienet-polkadot-integration-test
 
@@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ zombienet-polkadot-functional-0004-parachains-disputes-garbage-candidate:
       --local-dir="${LOCAL_DIR}/functional"
       --test="0004-parachains-garbage-candidate.zndsl"
 
-zombienet-polkadot-functional-0005-parachains-disputes-past-session:
+.zombienet-polkadot-functional-0005-parachains-disputes-past-session:
   extends:
     - .zombienet-polkadot-common
   script:
@@ -170,7 +172,7 @@ zombienet-polkadot-elastic-scaling-0001-basic-3cores-6s-blocks:
   variables:
     FORCED_INFRA_INSTANCE: "spot-iops"
   before_script:
-    - !reference [.zombienet-polkadot-common, before_script]
+    - !reference [ .zombienet-polkadot-common, before_script ]
     - cp --remove-destination ${LOCAL_DIR}/assign-core.js ${LOCAL_DIR}/elastic_scaling
   script:
     - /home/nonroot/zombie-net/scripts/ci/run-test-local-env-manager.sh
@@ -181,14 +183,14 @@ zombienet-polkadot-elastic-scaling-0002-elastic-scaling-doesnt-break-parachains:
   extends:
     - .zombienet-polkadot-common
   before_script:
-    - !reference [.zombienet-polkadot-common, before_script]
+    - !reference [ .zombienet-polkadot-common, before_script ]
     - cp --remove-destination ${LOCAL_DIR}/assign-core.js ${LOCAL_DIR}/elastic_scaling
   script:
     - /home/nonroot/zombie-net/scripts/ci/run-test-local-env-manager.sh
       --local-dir="${LOCAL_DIR}/elastic_scaling"
       --test="0002-elastic-scaling-doesnt-break-parachains.zndsl"
 
-zombienet-polkadot-functional-0012-spam-statement-distribution-requests:
+.zombienet-polkadot-functional-0012-spam-statement-distribution-requests:
   extends:
     - .zombienet-polkadot-common
   script:
@@ -216,13 +218,21 @@ zombienet-polkadot-functional-0015-coretime-shared-core:
   extends:
     - .zombienet-polkadot-common
   before_script:
-    - !reference [.zombienet-polkadot-common, before_script]
+    - !reference [ .zombienet-polkadot-common, before_script ]
     - cp --remove-destination ${LOCAL_DIR}/assign-core.js ${LOCAL_DIR}/functional
   script:
     - /home/nonroot/zombie-net/scripts/ci/run-test-local-env-manager.sh
       --local-dir="${LOCAL_DIR}/functional"
       --test="0015-coretime-shared-core.zndsl"
 
+zombienet-polkadot-functional-0016-approval-voting-parallel:
+  extends:
+    - .zombienet-polkadot-common
+  script:
+    - /home/nonroot/zombie-net/scripts/ci/run-test-local-env-manager.sh
+      --local-dir="${LOCAL_DIR}/functional"
+      --test="0016-approval-voting-parallel.zndsl"
+
 zombienet-polkadot-smoke-0001-parachains-smoke-test:
   extends:
     - .zombienet-polkadot-common
@@ -267,7 +277,7 @@ zombienet-polkadot-smoke-0002-parachains-parachains-upgrade-smoke:
       --local-dir="${LOCAL_DIR}/smoke"
       --test="0002-parachains-upgrade-smoke-test.zndsl"
 
-zombienet-polkadot-smoke-0003-deregister-register-validator:
+.zombienet-polkadot-smoke-0003-deregister-register-validator:
   extends:
     - .zombienet-polkadot-common
   script:
@@ -343,17 +353,17 @@ zombienet-polkadot-malus-0001-dispute-valid:
       --local-dir="${LOCAL_DIR}/integrationtests"
       --test="0001-dispute-valid-block.zndsl"
 
-zombienet-polkadot-coretime-revenue:
+.zombienet-polkadot-coretime-revenue:
   extends:
     - .zombienet-polkadot-common
   needs:
     - job: build-polkadot-zombienet-tests
       artifacts: true
   before_script:
-    - !reference [".zombienet-polkadot-common", "before_script"]
+    - !reference [ ".zombienet-polkadot-common", "before_script" ]
     - export POLKADOT_IMAGE="${ZOMBIENET_INTEGRATION_TEST_IMAGE}"
   script:
-  # we want to use `--no-capture` in zombienet tests.
+    # we want to use `--no-capture` in zombienet tests.
     - unset NEXTEST_FAILURE_OUTPUT
     - unset NEXTEST_SUCCESS_OUTPUT
     - cargo nextest run --archive-file ./artifacts/polkadot-zombienet-tests.tar.zst --no-capture -- smoke::coretime_revenue::coretime_revenue_test
diff --git a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/substrate.yml b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/substrate.yml
index 2013ffd571cf388ba154f3965c166765f40baaf6..030a0a3f50a9f5bb1587e71df6d3a57c4b9b8ee8 100644
--- a/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/substrate.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/pipeline/zombienet/substrate.yml
@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@
   after_script:
     - mkdir -p ./zombienet-logs
     - cp /tmp/zombie*/logs/* ./zombienet-logs/
-  retry: 2
+  retry:
+    max: 1
+    when: runner_system_failure
   tags:
     - zombienet-polkadot-integration-test
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ zombienet-substrate-0001-basic-warp-sync:
       --local-dir="${LOCAL_DIR}/0001-basic-warp-sync"
       --test="test-warp-sync.zndsl"
 
-zombienet-substrate-0002-validators-warp-sync:
+.zombienet-substrate-0002-validators-warp-sync:
   extends:
     - .zombienet-substrate-warp-sync-common
   before_script:
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index f790640c5f908570f2f10457c8a02c3ae56ab02f..74559ed32593da9801948edc0c185d77d8e0ac26 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "syn-solidity",
  "tiny-keccak",
 ]
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -753,7 +753,7 @@ checksum = "7378575ff571966e99a744addeff0bff98b8ada0dedf1956d59e634db95eaac1"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "synstructure 0.13.1",
 ]
 
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ checksum = "7b18050c2cd6fe86c3a76584ef5e0baf286d038cda203eb6223df2cc413565f7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -812,6 +812,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parachains-common",
  "rococo-emulated-chain",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "staging-xcm",
  "testnet-parachains-constants",
 ]
@@ -837,6 +838,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkadot-runtime-common",
  "rococo-runtime-constants",
  "rococo-system-emulated-network",
+ "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "staging-xcm",
  "staging-xcm-executor",
@@ -900,7 +902,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkadot-parachain-primitives",
  "polkadot-runtime-common",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "rococo-runtime-constants",
  "scale-info",
  "serde_json",
@@ -911,6 +913,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-genesis-builder",
  "sp-inherents",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "sp-offchain",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-session",
@@ -938,6 +941,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-support",
  "parachains-common",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "staging-xcm",
  "testnet-parachains-constants",
  "westend-emulated-chain",
@@ -967,7 +971,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkadot-runtime-common",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "sp-keyring",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "staging-xcm",
  "staging-xcm-executor",
@@ -1033,7 +1036,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkadot-parachain-primitives",
  "polkadot-runtime-common",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "scale-info",
  "serde_json",
  "snowbridge-router-primitives",
@@ -1043,6 +1046,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-genesis-builder",
  "sp-inherents",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "sp-offchain",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-session",
@@ -1179,7 +1183,7 @@ checksum = "ebcd09b382f40fcd159c2d695175b2ae620ffa5f3bd6f664131efff4e8b9e04a"
 dependencies = [
  "async-lock 3.4.0",
  "blocking",
- "futures-lite 2.0.0",
+ "futures-lite 2.3.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1227,7 +1231,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "concurrent-queue",
  "futures-io",
- "futures-lite 2.0.0",
+ "futures-lite 2.3.0",
  "parking",
  "polling 3.4.0",
  "rustix 0.38.21",
@@ -1276,7 +1280,7 @@ checksum = "b948000fad4873c1c9339d60f2623323a0cfd3816e5181033c6a5cb68b2accf7"
 dependencies = [
  "async-io 2.3.3",
  "blocking",
- "futures-lite 2.0.0",
+ "futures-lite 2.3.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1311,7 +1315,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "blocking",
  "cfg-if",
  "event-listener 5.2.0",
- "futures-lite 2.0.0",
+ "futures-lite 2.3.0",
  "rustix 0.38.21",
  "tracing",
 ]
@@ -1380,7 +1384,7 @@ checksum = "16e62a023e7c117e27523144c5d2459f4397fcc3cab0085af8e2224f643a0193"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1397,7 +1401,7 @@ checksum = "a27b8a3a6e1a44fa4c8baf1f653e4172e81486d4941f2237e20dc2d0cf4ddff1"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1612,7 +1616,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "regex",
  "rustc-hash 1.1.0",
  "shlex",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1765,9 +1769,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "blake3"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.5.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0231f06152bf547e9c2b5194f247cd97aacf6dcd8b15d8e5ec0663f64580da87"
+checksum = "d82033247fd8e890df8f740e407ad4d038debb9eb1f40533fffb32e7d17dc6f7"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayref",
  "arrayvec 0.7.4",
@@ -2048,7 +2052,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-system",
  "hex",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "parity-util-mem",
  "scale-info",
  "serde",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
@@ -2188,12 +2191,15 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "bridge-hub-rococo-emulated-chain"
 version = "0.0.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "bp-messages",
  "bridge-hub-common",
  "bridge-hub-rococo-runtime",
  "emulated-integration-tests-common",
  "frame-support",
  "parachains-common",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
+ "staging-xcm",
  "testnet-parachains-constants",
 ]
 
@@ -2227,6 +2233,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "staging-xcm",
  "staging-xcm-executor",
  "testnet-parachains-constants",
+ "xcm-runtime-apis",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2357,6 +2364,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "pallet-bridge-relayers",
  "pallet-timestamp",
  "pallet-utility",
+ "pallet-xcm",
  "pallet-xcm-bridge-hub",
  "parachains-common",
  "parachains-runtimes-test-utils",
@@ -2375,12 +2383,15 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "bridge-hub-westend-emulated-chain"
 version = "0.0.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "bp-messages",
  "bridge-hub-common",
  "bridge-hub-westend-runtime",
  "emulated-integration-tests-common",
  "frame-support",
  "parachains-common",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
+ "staging-xcm",
  "testnet-parachains-constants",
 ]
 
@@ -2417,6 +2428,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "staging-xcm",
  "staging-xcm-executor",
  "testnet-parachains-constants",
+ "xcm-runtime-apis",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2613,9 +2625,9 @@ checksum = "1fd0f2584146f6f2ef48085050886acf353beff7305ebd1ae69500e27c67f64b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytes"
-version = "1.7.1"
+version = "1.7.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8318a53db07bb3f8dca91a600466bdb3f2eaadeedfdbcf02e1accbad9271ba50"
+checksum = "428d9aa8fbc0670b7b8d6030a7fadd0f86151cae55e4dbbece15f3780a3dfaf3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bzip2-sys"
@@ -2703,12 +2715,13 @@ checksum = "a2698f953def977c68f935bb0dfa959375ad4638570e969e2f1e9f433cbf1af6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.0.94"
+version = "1.1.24"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "17f6e324229dc011159fcc089755d1e2e216a90d43a7dea6853ca740b84f35e7"
+checksum = "812acba72f0a070b003d3697490d2b55b837230ae7c6c6497f05cc2ddbb8d938"
 dependencies = [
  "jobserver",
  "libc",
+ "shlex",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3026,7 +3039,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "heck 0.5.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3168,6 +3181,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-genesis-builder",
  "sp-inherents",
  "sp-io 30.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "sp-offchain",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-session",
@@ -4348,7 +4362,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "hex-literal",
  "impl-trait-for-tuples",
- "lazy_static",
  "log",
  "pallet-message-queue",
  "parity-scale-codec",
@@ -4384,7 +4397,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4936,7 +4949,7 @@ checksum = "83fdaf97f4804dcebfa5862639bc9ce4121e82140bec2a987ac5140294865b5b"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4976,7 +4989,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "scratch",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4993,7 +5006,7 @@ checksum = "50c49547d73ba8dcfd4ad7325d64c6d5391ff4224d498fc39a6f3f49825a530d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5041,7 +5054,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "strsim 0.11.1",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5063,7 +5076,7 @@ checksum = "d336a2a514f6ccccaa3e09b02d41d35330c07ddf03a62165fcec10bb561c7806"
 dependencies = [
  "darling_core 0.20.10",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5180,7 +5193,7 @@ checksum = "d65d7ce8132b7c0e54497a4d9a55a1c2a0912a0d786cf894472ba818fba45762"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5191,7 +5204,7 @@ checksum = "62d671cc41a825ebabc75757b62d3d168c577f9149b2d49ece1dad1f72119d25"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5202,7 +5215,7 @@ checksum = "67e77553c4162a157adbf834ebae5b415acbecbeafc7a74b0e886657506a7611"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5310,7 +5323,7 @@ checksum = "487585f4d0c6655fe74905e2504d8ad6908e4db67f744eb140876906c2f3175d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5371,7 +5384,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "regex",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "termcolor",
  "toml 0.8.12",
  "walkdir",
@@ -5561,6 +5574,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-consensus-babe",
  "sp-consensus-beefy",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "staging-xcm",
  "xcm-emulator",
@@ -5602,7 +5616,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "heck 0.4.1",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5622,7 +5636,7 @@ checksum = "5e9a1f9f7d83e59740248a6e14ecf93929ade55027844dfcea78beafccc15745"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5633,7 +5647,7 @@ checksum = "6fd000fd6988e73bbe993ea3db9b1aa64906ab88766d654973924340c8cddb42"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5751,9 +5765,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethabi-decode"
-version = "1.0.0"
+version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "09d398648d65820a727d6a81e58b962f874473396a047e4c30bafe3240953417"
+checksum = "f9af52ec57c5147716872863c2567c886e7d62f539465b94352dbc0108fe5293"
 dependencies = [
  "ethereum-types",
  "tiny-keccak",
@@ -5761,33 +5775,33 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethbloom"
-version = "0.13.0"
+version = "0.14.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c22d4b5885b6aa2fe5e8b9329fb8d232bf739e434e6b87347c63bdd00c120f60"
+checksum = "8c321610643004cf908ec0f5f2aa0d8f1f8e14b540562a2887a1111ff1ecbf7b"
 dependencies = [
  "crunchy",
  "fixed-hash",
- "impl-codec",
+ "impl-codec 0.7.0",
  "impl-rlp",
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.5.0",
  "scale-info",
  "tiny-keccak",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethereum-types"
-version = "0.14.1"
+version = "0.15.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "02d215cbf040552efcbe99a38372fe80ab9d00268e20012b79fcd0f073edd8ee"
+checksum = "1ab15ed80916029f878e0267c3a9f92b67df55e79af370bf66199059ae2b4ee3"
 dependencies = [
  "ethbloom",
  "fixed-hash",
- "impl-codec",
+ "impl-codec 0.7.0",
  "impl-rlp",
- "impl-serde",
- "primitive-types",
+ "impl-serde 0.5.0",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "scale-info",
- "uint",
+ "uint 0.10.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5848,7 +5862,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "prettyplease",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5920,7 +5934,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6205,7 +6219,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "gethostname",
  "handlebars",
  "itertools 0.11.0",
- "lazy_static",
  "linked-hash-map",
  "log",
  "parity-scale-codec",
@@ -6264,7 +6277,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "scale-info",
  "sp-arithmetic 23.0.0",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "trybuild",
 ]
 
@@ -6478,7 +6491,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-metadata-ir 0.6.0",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "static_assertions",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6489,7 +6502,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6498,7 +6511,7 @@ version = "11.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6733,17 +6746,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "futures-lite"
-version = "2.0.0"
+version = "2.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9c1155db57329dca6d018b61e76b1488ce9a2e5e44028cac420a5898f4fcef63"
+checksum = "52527eb5074e35e9339c6b4e8d12600c7128b68fb25dcb9fa9dec18f7c25f3a5"
 dependencies = [
  "fastrand 2.1.0",
  "futures-core",
  "futures-io",
- "memchr",
  "parking",
  "pin-project-lite",
- "waker-fn",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6754,7 +6765,7 @@ checksum = "87750cf4b7a4c0625b1529e4c543c2182106e4dedc60a2a6455e00d212c489ac"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -7148,9 +7159,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hermit-abi"
-version = "0.3.2"
+version = "0.3.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "443144c8cdadd93ebf52ddb4056d257f5b52c04d3c804e657d19eb73fc33668b"
+checksum = "d231dfb89cfffdbc30e7fc41579ed6066ad03abda9e567ccafae602b97ec5024"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hex"
@@ -7608,6 +7619,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "impl-codec"
+version = "0.7.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b67aa010c1e3da95bf151bd8b4c059b2ed7e75387cdb969b4f8f2723a43f9941"
+dependencies = [
+ "parity-scale-codec",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "impl-num-traits"
 version = "0.1.2"
@@ -7616,16 +7636,27 @@ checksum = "951641f13f873bff03d4bf19ae8bec531935ac0ac2cc775f84d7edfdcfed3f17"
 dependencies = [
  "integer-sqrt",
  "num-traits",
- "uint",
+ "uint 0.9.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "impl-num-traits"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "803d15461ab0dcc56706adf266158acbc44ccf719bf7d0af30705f58b90a4b8c"
+dependencies = [
+ "integer-sqrt",
+ "num-traits",
+ "uint 0.10.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "impl-rlp"
-version = "0.3.0"
+version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f28220f89297a075ddc7245cd538076ee98b01f2a9c23a53a4f1105d5a322808"
+checksum = "54ed8ad1f3877f7e775b8cbf30ed1bd3209a95401817f19a0eb4402d13f8cf90"
 dependencies = [
- "rlp",
+ "rlp 0.6.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -7637,6 +7668,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "impl-serde"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4a143eada6a1ec4aefa5049037a26a6d597bfd64f8c026d07b77133e02b7dd0b"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "impl-trait-for-tuples"
 version = "0.2.2"
@@ -7731,12 +7771,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "integer-encoding"
-version = "3.0.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8bb03732005da905c88227371639bf1ad885cc712789c011c31c5fb3ab3ccf02"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "integer-sqrt"
 version = "0.1.5"
@@ -7752,7 +7786,7 @@ version = "1.0.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "eae7b9aee968036d54dce06cebaefd919e4472e753296daccd6d344e3e2df0c2"
 dependencies = [
- "hermit-abi 0.3.2",
+ "hermit-abi 0.3.9",
  "libc",
  "windows-sys 0.48.0",
 ]
@@ -7810,7 +7844,7 @@ version = "0.4.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cb0889898416213fab133e1d33a0e5858a48177452750691bde3666d0fdbaf8b"
 dependencies = [
- "hermit-abi 0.3.2",
+ "hermit-abi 0.3.9",
  "rustix 0.38.21",
  "windows-sys 0.48.0",
 ]
@@ -7923,9 +7957,9 @@ checksum = "8eaf4bc02d17cbdd7ff4c7438cafcdf7fb9a4613313ad11b4f8fefe7d3fa0130"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "jobserver"
-version = "0.1.26"
+version = "0.1.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "936cfd212a0155903bcbc060e316fb6cc7cbf2e1907329391ebadc1fe0ce77c2"
+checksum = "48d1dbcbbeb6a7fec7e059840aa538bd62aaccf972c7346c4d9d2059312853d0"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
@@ -8212,7 +8246,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8370,7 +8404,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "pallet-example-tasks",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkadot-sdk",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "scale-info",
  "serde_json",
  "static_assertions",
@@ -8783,7 +8817,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sha2 0.10.8",
  "smallvec",
  "thiserror",
- "uint",
+ "uint 0.9.5",
  "unsigned-varint 0.7.2",
  "void",
 ]
@@ -8944,7 +8978,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-warning 0.4.2",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9246,7 +9280,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio-tungstenite",
  "tokio-util",
  "tracing",
- "uint",
+ "uint 0.9.5",
  "unsigned-varint 0.8.0",
  "url",
  "x25519-dalek",
@@ -9281,15 +9315,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "value-bag",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "lru"
-version = "0.8.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b6e8aaa3f231bb4bd57b84b2d5dc3ae7f350265df8aa96492e0bc394a1571909"
-dependencies = [
- "hashbrown 0.12.3",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "lru"
 version = "0.11.0"
@@ -9361,7 +9386,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "macro_magic_core",
  "macro_magic_macros",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9375,7 +9400,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "macro_magic_core_macros",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9386,7 +9411,7 @@ checksum = "b02abfe41815b5bd98dbd4260173db2c116dda171dc0fe7838cb206333b83308"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9397,7 +9422,7 @@ checksum = "73ea28ee64b88876bf45277ed9a5817c1817df061a74f2b988971a12570e5869"
 dependencies = [
  "macro_magic_core",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9560,17 +9585,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "relay-utils",
  "sp-arithmetic 23.0.0",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "mick-jaeger"
-version = "0.1.8"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "69672161530e8aeca1d1400fbf3f1a1747ff60ea604265a4e906c2442df20532"
-dependencies = [
- "futures",
- "rand",
- "thrift",
+ "sp-core 28.0.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9607,6 +9622,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkadot-sdk",
  "scale-info",
+ "serde_json",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9620,13 +9636,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mio"
-version = "0.8.11"
+version = "1.0.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a4a650543ca06a924e8b371db273b2756685faae30f8487da1b56505a8f78b0c"
+checksum = "80e04d1dcff3aae0704555fe5fee3bcfaf3d1fdf8a7e521d5b9d2b42acb52cec"
 dependencies = [
+ "hermit-abi 0.3.9",
  "libc",
  "wasi",
- "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9742,7 +9759,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10113,7 +10130,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "kitchensink-runtime",
  "kvdb",
  "kvdb-rocksdb",
- "lazy_static",
  "log",
  "node-primitives",
  "node-testing",
@@ -10347,7 +10363,7 @@ checksum = "ed3955f1a9c7c0c15e092f9c887db08b1fc683305fdf6eb6684f22555355e202"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10409,7 +10425,7 @@ version = "1.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "4161fcb6d602d4d2081af7c3a45852d875a03dd337a6bfdd6e06407b61342a43"
 dependencies = [
- "hermit-abi 0.3.2",
+ "hermit-abi 0.3.9",
  "libc",
 ]
 
@@ -10502,9 +10518,9 @@ checksum = "624a8340c38c1b80fd549087862da4ba43e08858af025b236e509b6649fc13d5"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "openssl"
-version = "0.10.66"
+version = "0.10.64"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9529f4786b70a3e8c61e11179af17ab6188ad8d0ded78c5529441ed39d4bd9c1"
+checksum = "95a0481286a310808298130d22dd1fef0fa571e05a8f44ec801801e84b216b1f"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "cfg-if",
@@ -10523,7 +10539,7 @@ checksum = "a948666b637a0f465e8564c73e89d4dde00d72d4d473cc972f390fc3dcee7d9c"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10534,9 +10550,9 @@ checksum = "ff011a302c396a5197692431fc1948019154afc178baf7d8e37367442a4601cf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "openssl-sys"
-version = "0.9.103"
+version = "0.9.102"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7f9e8deee91df40a943c71b917e5874b951d32a802526c85721ce3b776c929d6"
+checksum = "c597637d56fbc83893a35eb0dd04b2b8e7a50c91e64e9493e398b5df4fb45fa2"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "libc",
@@ -10583,15 +10599,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ordered-float"
-version = "1.1.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3305af35278dd29f46fcdd139e0b1fbfae2153f0e5928b39b035542dd31e37b7"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ordered-float"
 version = "2.10.1"
@@ -10650,7 +10657,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "pallet-assets",
  "pallet-balances",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "scale-info",
  "sp-api 26.0.0",
  "sp-arithmetic 23.0.0",
@@ -10671,7 +10678,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "pallet-assets",
  "pallet-balances",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "scale-info",
  "sp-arithmetic 23.0.0",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
@@ -11303,7 +11310,7 @@ version = "18.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -11469,7 +11476,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-npos-elections",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-tracing 16.0.0",
- "strum 0.26.2",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -11834,6 +11841,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "pallet-migrations"
 version = "1.0.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
  "docify",
  "frame-benchmarking",
  "frame-executive",
@@ -12178,14 +12186,9 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "pallet-parachain-template"
 version = "0.0.0"
 dependencies = [
- "frame-benchmarking",
- "frame-support",
- "frame-system",
  "parity-scale-codec",
+ "polkadot-sdk-frame",
  "scale-info",
- "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "sp-io 30.0.0",
- "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -12331,9 +12334,10 @@ dependencies = [
  "pallet-utility",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "paste",
- "polkavm 0.11.0",
+ "polkavm 0.12.0",
+ "polkavm-common 0.12.0",
  "pretty_assertions",
- "rlp",
+ "rlp 0.6.1",
  "scale-info",
  "serde",
  "sp-api 26.0.0",
@@ -12356,7 +12360,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-system",
  "log",
  "parity-wasm",
- "polkavm-linker 0.11.0",
+ "polkavm-linker 0.12.0",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-io 30.0.0",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
@@ -12406,7 +12410,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -12416,7 +12420,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "paste",
- "polkavm-derive 0.11.0",
+ "polkavm-derive 0.12.0",
  "scale-info",
 ]
 
@@ -12651,7 +12655,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -12850,6 +12854,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-support",
  "frame-system",
  "impl-trait-for-tuples",
+ "log",
  "pallet-balances",
  "pallet-utility",
  "parity-scale-codec",
@@ -12954,7 +12959,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-benchmarking",
  "frame-support",
  "frame-system",
- "log",
  "pallet-assets",
  "pallet-balances",
  "parity-scale-codec",
@@ -12968,6 +12972,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "staging-xcm",
  "staging-xcm-builder",
  "staging-xcm-executor",
+ "tracing",
  "xcm-runtime-apis",
 ]
 
@@ -13045,57 +13050,16 @@ version = "0.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "clap 4.5.13",
  "color-print",
- "cumulus-client-cli",
- "cumulus-client-collator",
- "cumulus-client-consensus-aura",
- "cumulus-client-consensus-common",
- "cumulus-client-consensus-proposer",
- "cumulus-client-service",
- "cumulus-primitives-core",
- "cumulus-primitives-parachain-inherent",
- "cumulus-relay-chain-interface",
  "docify",
- "frame-benchmarking",
- "frame-benchmarking-cli",
  "futures",
  "jsonrpsee 0.24.3",
  "log",
- "pallet-transaction-payment-rpc",
  "parachain-template-runtime",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "polkadot-cli",
- "polkadot-primitives",
- "sc-basic-authorship",
- "sc-chain-spec",
- "sc-cli",
- "sc-client-api",
- "sc-consensus",
- "sc-executor 0.32.0",
- "sc-network",
- "sc-network-sync",
- "sc-offchain",
- "sc-rpc",
- "sc-service",
- "sc-sysinfo",
- "sc-telemetry",
+ "polkadot-sdk",
  "sc-tracing",
- "sc-transaction-pool",
- "sc-transaction-pool-api",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
- "sp-api 26.0.0",
- "sp-block-builder",
- "sp-blockchain",
- "sp-consensus-aura",
- "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "sp-genesis-builder",
- "sp-io 30.0.0",
- "sp-keystore 0.34.0",
- "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
- "sp-timestamp",
- "staging-xcm",
- "substrate-build-script-utils",
- "substrate-frame-rpc-system",
  "substrate-prometheus-endpoint",
 ]
 
@@ -13103,60 +13067,16 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "parachain-template-runtime"
 version = "0.0.0"
 dependencies = [
- "cumulus-pallet-aura-ext",
  "cumulus-pallet-parachain-system",
- "cumulus-pallet-session-benchmarking",
- "cumulus-pallet-xcm",
- "cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue",
- "cumulus-primitives-aura",
- "cumulus-primitives-core",
- "cumulus-primitives-storage-weight-reclaim",
- "cumulus-primitives-utility",
  "docify",
- "frame-benchmarking",
- "frame-executive",
- "frame-metadata-hash-extension",
- "frame-support",
- "frame-system",
- "frame-system-benchmarking",
- "frame-system-rpc-runtime-api",
- "frame-try-runtime",
  "hex-literal",
  "log",
- "pallet-aura",
- "pallet-authorship",
- "pallet-balances",
- "pallet-collator-selection",
- "pallet-message-queue",
  "pallet-parachain-template",
- "pallet-session",
- "pallet-sudo",
- "pallet-timestamp",
- "pallet-transaction-payment",
- "pallet-transaction-payment-rpc-runtime-api",
- "pallet-xcm",
- "parachains-common",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "polkadot-parachain-primitives",
- "polkadot-runtime-common",
+ "polkadot-sdk",
  "scale-info",
  "serde_json",
  "smallvec",
- "sp-api 26.0.0",
- "sp-block-builder",
- "sp-consensus-aura",
- "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "sp-genesis-builder",
- "sp-inherents",
- "sp-offchain",
- "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
- "sp-session",
- "sp-transaction-pool",
- "sp-version 29.0.0",
- "staging-parachain-info",
- "staging-xcm",
- "staging-xcm-builder",
- "staging-xcm-executor",
  "substrate-wasm-builder",
 ]
 
@@ -13300,35 +13220,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "parity-util-mem"
-version = "0.12.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0d32c34f4f5ca7f9196001c0aba5a1f9a5a12382c8944b8b0f90233282d1e8f8"
-dependencies = [
- "cfg-if",
- "ethereum-types",
- "hashbrown 0.12.3",
- "impl-trait-for-tuples",
- "lru 0.8.1",
- "parity-util-mem-derive",
- "parking_lot 0.12.3",
- "primitive-types",
- "smallvec",
- "winapi",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "parity-util-mem-derive"
-version = "0.1.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f557c32c6d268a07c921471619c0295f5efad3a0e76d4f97a05c091a51d110b2"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
- "syn 1.0.109",
- "synstructure 0.12.6",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "parity-wasm"
 version = "0.45.0"
@@ -13337,9 +13228,9 @@ checksum = "e1ad0aff30c1da14b1254fcb2af73e1fa9a28670e584a626f53a369d0e157304"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "parking"
-version = "2.1.0"
+version = "2.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "14f2252c834a40ed9bb5422029649578e63aa341ac401f74e719dd1afda8394e"
+checksum = "f38d5652c16fde515bb1ecef450ab0f6a219d619a7274976324d5e377f7dceba"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "parking_lot"
@@ -13457,6 +13348,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parachains-common",
  "penpal-runtime",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "staging-xcm",
 ]
 
@@ -13500,7 +13392,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkadot-parachain-primitives",
  "polkadot-primitives",
  "polkadot-runtime-common",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "scale-info",
  "smallvec",
  "sp-api 26.0.0",
@@ -13758,7 +13650,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "pest_meta",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -13799,7 +13691,7 @@ checksum = "4359fd9c9171ec6e8c62926d6faaf553a8dc3f64e1507e76da7911b4f6a04405"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -13832,9 +13724,9 @@ checksum = "26072860ba924cbfa98ea39c8c19b4dd6a4a25423dbdf219c1eca91aa0cf6964"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "platforms"
-version = "3.0.2"
+version = "3.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e3d7ddaed09e0eb771a79ab0fd64609ba0afb0a8366421957936ad14cbd13630"
+checksum = "0e4c7666f2019727f9e8e14bf14456e99c707d780922869f1ba473eee101fa49"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "plotters"
@@ -13895,7 +13787,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-timer",
  "itertools 0.11.0",
  "log",
- "polkadot-node-jaeger",
  "polkadot-node-metrics",
  "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
  "polkadot-node-primitives",
@@ -14098,7 +13989,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
  "indexmap 2.2.3",
- "lazy_static",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkadot-erasure-coding",
  "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
@@ -14142,7 +14032,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
- "lazy_static",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem",
@@ -14234,7 +14123,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "merlin",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
- "polkadot-node-jaeger",
  "polkadot-node-primitives",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers",
@@ -14263,20 +14151,21 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "polkadot-node-core-av-store"
+name = "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel"
 version = "7.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "assert_matches",
- "bitvec",
+ "async-trait",
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
- "kvdb",
+ "itertools 0.11.0",
  "kvdb-memorydb",
  "log",
- "parity-scale-codec",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
- "polkadot-erasure-coding",
- "polkadot-node-jaeger",
+ "polkadot-approval-distribution",
+ "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting",
+ "polkadot-node-metrics",
+ "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
  "polkadot-node-primitives",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers",
@@ -14284,27 +14173,68 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkadot-overseer",
  "polkadot-primitives",
  "polkadot-primitives-test-helpers",
+ "polkadot-subsystem-bench",
+ "rand",
+ "rand_chacha",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
+ "sc-keystore",
+ "schnorrkel 0.11.4",
+ "sp-application-crypto 30.0.0",
  "sp-consensus",
+ "sp-consensus-babe",
+ "sp-consensus-slots",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-keyring",
+ "sp-keystore 0.34.0",
+ "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-tracing 16.0.0",
  "thiserror",
  "tracing-gum",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "polkadot-node-core-backing"
+name = "polkadot-node-core-av-store"
 version = "7.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "assert_matches",
  "bitvec",
- "fatality",
  "futures",
+ "futures-timer",
+ "kvdb",
+ "kvdb-memorydb",
+ "log",
+ "parity-scale-codec",
+ "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "polkadot-erasure-coding",
  "polkadot-node-primitives",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem-util",
+ "polkadot-overseer",
+ "polkadot-primitives",
+ "polkadot-primitives-test-helpers",
+ "sp-consensus",
+ "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
+ "sp-tracing 16.0.0",
+ "thiserror",
+ "tracing-gum",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "polkadot-node-core-backing"
+version = "7.0.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "assert_matches",
+ "bitvec",
+ "fatality",
+ "futures",
+ "polkadot-erasure-coding",
+ "polkadot-node-primitives",
+ "polkadot-node-subsystem",
+ "polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers",
+ "polkadot-node-subsystem-util",
+ "polkadot-parachain-primitives",
  "polkadot-primitives",
  "polkadot-primitives-test-helpers",
  "polkadot-statement-table",
@@ -14525,6 +14455,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "slotmap",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-maybe-compressed-blob 11.0.0",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
  "tempfile",
  "test-parachain-adder",
  "test-parachain-halt",
@@ -14645,24 +14576,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "tracing-gum",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "polkadot-node-jaeger"
-version = "7.0.0"
-dependencies = [
- "lazy_static",
- "log",
- "mick-jaeger",
- "parity-scale-codec",
- "parking_lot 0.12.3",
- "polkadot-node-primitives",
- "polkadot-primitives",
- "sc-network",
- "sc-network-types",
- "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "thiserror",
- "tokio",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "polkadot-node-metrics"
 version = "7.0.0"
@@ -14703,7 +14616,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "hex",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "polkadot-node-jaeger",
  "polkadot-node-primitives",
  "polkadot-primitives",
  "rand",
@@ -14712,7 +14624,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sc-network",
  "sc-network-types",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
- "strum 0.26.2",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
  "thiserror",
  "tracing-gum",
 ]
@@ -14747,7 +14659,6 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "polkadot-node-subsystem"
 version = "7.0.0"
 dependencies = [
- "polkadot-node-jaeger",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem-types",
  "polkadot-overseer",
 ]
@@ -14783,7 +14694,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "fatality",
  "futures",
  "orchestra",
- "polkadot-node-jaeger",
  "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
  "polkadot-node-primitives",
  "polkadot-primitives",
@@ -14798,6 +14708,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-blockchain",
  "sp-consensus-babe",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
  "substrate-prometheus-endpoint",
  "thiserror",
 ]
@@ -14816,14 +14727,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "kvdb",
  "kvdb-memorydb",
  "kvdb-shared-tests",
- "lazy_static",
  "log",
  "parity-db",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "pin-project",
  "polkadot-erasure-coding",
- "polkadot-node-jaeger",
  "polkadot-node-metrics",
  "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
  "polkadot-node-primitives",
@@ -14846,70 +14755,16 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "polkadot-overseer"
-version = "7.0.0"
-dependencies = [
- "assert_matches",
- "async-trait",
- "femme",
- "futures",
- "futures-timer",
- "orchestra",
- "parking_lot 0.12.3",
- "polkadot-node-metrics",
- "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
- "polkadot-node-primitives",
- "polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers",
- "polkadot-node-subsystem-types",
- "polkadot-primitives",
- "polkadot-primitives-test-helpers",
- "prioritized-metered-channel",
- "sc-client-api",
- "sp-api 26.0.0",
- "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "tikv-jemalloc-ctl",
- "tracing-gum",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "polkadot-parachain-bin"
-version = "4.0.0"
+name = "polkadot-omni-node"
+version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "asset-hub-rococo-runtime",
- "asset-hub-westend-runtime",
- "bridge-hub-rococo-runtime",
- "bridge-hub-westend-runtime",
- "collectives-westend-runtime",
  "color-eyre",
- "contracts-rococo-runtime",
- "coretime-rococo-runtime",
- "coretime-westend-runtime",
- "cumulus-primitives-core",
- "glutton-westend-runtime",
- "hex-literal",
- "log",
- "parachains-common",
- "penpal-runtime",
- "people-rococo-runtime",
- "people-westend-runtime",
- "polkadot-parachain-lib",
- "rococo-parachain-runtime",
- "sc-chain-spec",
- "sc-cli",
- "sc-service",
- "seedling-runtime",
- "serde",
- "serde_json",
- "shell-runtime",
- "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "sp-genesis-builder",
- "staging-xcm",
+ "polkadot-omni-node-lib",
  "substrate-build-script-utils",
- "testnet-parachains-constants",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "polkadot-parachain-lib"
+name = "polkadot-omni-node-lib"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "assert_cmd",
@@ -14934,6 +14789,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-system-rpc-runtime-api",
  "frame-try-runtime",
  "futures",
+ "futures-timer",
  "jsonrpsee 0.24.3",
  "log",
  "nix 0.28.0",
@@ -14950,6 +14806,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sc-client-api",
  "sc-client-db",
  "sc-consensus",
+ "sc-consensus-manual-seal",
  "sc-executor 0.32.0",
  "sc-network",
  "sc-rpc",
@@ -14980,6 +14837,67 @@ dependencies = [
  "wait-timeout",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "polkadot-overseer"
+version = "7.0.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "assert_matches",
+ "async-trait",
+ "femme",
+ "futures",
+ "futures-timer",
+ "orchestra",
+ "parking_lot 0.12.3",
+ "polkadot-node-metrics",
+ "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
+ "polkadot-node-primitives",
+ "polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers",
+ "polkadot-node-subsystem-types",
+ "polkadot-primitives",
+ "polkadot-primitives-test-helpers",
+ "prioritized-metered-channel",
+ "sc-client-api",
+ "sp-api 26.0.0",
+ "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "tikv-jemalloc-ctl",
+ "tracing-gum",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "polkadot-parachain-bin"
+version = "4.0.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "asset-hub-rococo-runtime",
+ "asset-hub-westend-runtime",
+ "bridge-hub-rococo-runtime",
+ "bridge-hub-westend-runtime",
+ "collectives-westend-runtime",
+ "color-eyre",
+ "contracts-rococo-runtime",
+ "coretime-rococo-runtime",
+ "coretime-westend-runtime",
+ "cumulus-primitives-core",
+ "glutton-westend-runtime",
+ "hex-literal",
+ "log",
+ "parachains-common",
+ "penpal-runtime",
+ "people-rococo-runtime",
+ "people-westend-runtime",
+ "polkadot-omni-node-lib",
+ "rococo-parachain-runtime",
+ "sc-chain-spec",
+ "sc-cli",
+ "sc-service",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-genesis-builder",
+ "sp-keyring",
+ "staging-xcm",
+ "substrate-build-script-utils",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "polkadot-parachain-primitives"
 version = "6.0.0"
@@ -15391,6 +15309,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkadot-network-bridge",
  "polkadot-node-collation-generation",
  "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting",
+ "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel",
  "polkadot-node-core-av-store",
  "polkadot-node-core-backing",
  "polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing",
@@ -15407,15 +15326,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkadot-node-core-pvf-execute-worker",
  "polkadot-node-core-pvf-prepare-worker",
  "polkadot-node-core-runtime-api",
- "polkadot-node-jaeger",
  "polkadot-node-metrics",
  "polkadot-node-network-protocol",
  "polkadot-node-primitives",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem-types",
  "polkadot-node-subsystem-util",
+ "polkadot-omni-node-lib",
  "polkadot-overseer",
- "polkadot-parachain-lib",
  "polkadot-parachain-primitives",
  "polkadot-primitives",
  "polkadot-rpc",
@@ -15730,6 +15648,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkadot-network-bridge",
  "polkadot-node-collation-generation",
  "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting",
+ "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel",
  "polkadot-node-core-av-store",
  "polkadot-node-core-backing",
  "polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing",
@@ -15886,6 +15805,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkadot-availability-recovery",
  "polkadot-erasure-coding",
  "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting",
+ "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel",
  "polkadot-node-core-av-store",
  "polkadot-node-core-chain-api",
  "polkadot-node-metrics",
@@ -15925,7 +15845,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-timestamp",
  "sp-tracing 16.0.0",
- "strum 0.26.2",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
  "substrate-prometheus-endpoint",
  "tikv-jemallocator",
  "tokio",
@@ -16148,15 +16068,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkavm"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1195fbc12f11645143a4f3974bf909d25c7f7efddcc6f4e57688d9a518c90bae"
+checksum = "f27910c5061e4cea6be6c66684b49d0f42b6a05900c9b0da9e7f3dd2d587a8d4"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "log",
- "polkavm-assembler 0.11.0",
- "polkavm-common 0.11.0",
- "polkavm-linux-raw 0.11.0",
+ "polkavm-assembler 0.12.0",
+ "polkavm-common 0.12.0",
+ "polkavm-linux-raw 0.12.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16170,9 +16090,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkavm-assembler"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f0b0399659fe7a5370c3e3464188888d29069cfa46d99631d19834a379c15826"
+checksum = "82f0e374fa043f31459b30d629d7e866247ac4b6c7662ac72e4e5bf50d052b92"
 dependencies = [
  "log",
 ]
@@ -16194,12 +16114,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkavm-common"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "254b19b64ff9b57c06b32c0affed961cb9a32429b8d3e5cf2633cad7fbb3e270"
+checksum = "f4e42e082c3d89da2346555baf4d951fe07dcb9208e42a02c272e6d5d0326f9a"
 dependencies = [
+ "blake3",
  "log",
- "polkavm-assembler 0.11.0",
+ "polkavm-assembler 0.12.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16222,11 +16143,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkavm-derive"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f565f0106fbb3598d64b8528d5cb966b6a87a8dd93fbcfe09fb6388ff2865711"
+checksum = "540b798393e68a890202d5dc9f86a985b7ea83611e3406d90dc1043e7997b4d1"
 dependencies = [
- "polkavm-derive-impl-macro 0.11.0",
+ "polkavm-derive-impl-macro 0.12.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16238,7 +16159,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkavm-common 0.8.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16250,19 +16171,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkavm-common 0.9.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkavm-derive-impl"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "314445fb5688b4769354087d92be2ac94c487e63ffe74a6fb7bb312e57f20827"
+checksum = "d179eddaaef62ce5960faaa2ec9e8f131c81661c8b9365c4d55b275011688534"
 dependencies = [
- "polkavm-common 0.11.0",
+ "polkavm-common 0.12.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16272,7 +16193,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "15e85319a0d5129dc9f021c62607e0804f5fb777a05cdda44d750ac0732def66"
 dependencies = [
  "polkavm-derive-impl 0.8.0",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16282,17 +16203,17 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8ba81f7b5faac81e528eb6158a6f3c9e0bb1008e0ffa19653bc8dea925ecb429"
 dependencies = [
  "polkavm-derive-impl 0.9.0",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkavm-derive-impl-macro"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1bf952e05bc5ce7d81293bae18cb44c271c78615b201d75e983cdcc40d5c6ef1"
+checksum = "bd35472599d35d90e24afe9eb39ae6ee6cb1b924f0c03b277ef8b5f174a63853"
 dependencies = [
- "polkavm-derive-impl 0.11.0",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "polkavm-derive-impl 0.12.0",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16312,15 +16233,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkavm-linker"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "535a2095a186ccde2cd2fa721d6370c495586d47714817565b2f6621d31164b3"
+checksum = "6f917b16db9ab13819a738a321b48a2d0d20d9e32dedcff75054148676afbec4"
 dependencies = [
  "gimli 0.28.0",
  "hashbrown 0.14.5",
  "log",
  "object 0.36.1",
- "polkavm-common 0.11.0",
+ "polkavm-common 0.12.0",
  "regalloc2 0.9.3",
  "rustc-demangle",
 ]
@@ -16333,9 +16254,9 @@ checksum = "26e85d3456948e650dff0cfc85603915847faf893ed1e66b020bb82ef4557120"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkavm-linux-raw"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3011697430dfcfe800d1d7c540ef69e3bdd66e9037cc38f01fee1c2e0908011e"
+checksum = "d280301d5b5a321c732173c969058f4b5726f3a0046f6802f396df2599f3753d"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polling"
@@ -16509,7 +16430,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6c64d9ba0963cdcea2e1b2230fbae2bab30eb25a174be395c41e764bfb65dd62"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16519,12 +16440,26 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0b34d9fd68ae0b74a41b21c03c2f62847aa0ffea044eee893b4c140b37e244e2"
 dependencies = [
  "fixed-hash",
- "impl-codec",
- "impl-num-traits",
+ "impl-codec 0.6.0",
+ "impl-num-traits 0.1.2",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
+ "scale-info",
+ "uint 0.9.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "primitive-types"
+version = "0.13.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d15600a7d856470b7d278b3fe0e311fe28c2526348549f8ef2ff7db3299c87f5"
+dependencies = [
+ "fixed-hash",
+ "impl-codec 0.7.0",
+ "impl-num-traits 0.2.0",
  "impl-rlp",
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.5.0",
  "scale-info",
- "uint",
+ "uint 0.10.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16600,7 +16535,7 @@ checksum = "3d1eaa7fa0aa1929ffdf7eeb6eac234dde6268914a14ad44d23521ab6a9b258e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16611,7 +16546,7 @@ checksum = "9b698b0b09d40e9b7c1a47b132d66a8b54bcd20583d9b6d06e4535e383b4405c"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16692,7 +16627,7 @@ checksum = "440f724eba9f6996b75d63681b0a92b06947f1457076d503a4d2e2c8f56442b8"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16774,7 +16709,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "prost 0.12.6",
  "prost-types 0.12.4",
  "regex",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "tempfile",
 ]
 
@@ -16795,7 +16730,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "prost 0.13.2",
  "prost-types 0.13.2",
  "regex",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "tempfile",
 ]
 
@@ -16822,7 +16757,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "itertools 0.12.1",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -16835,7 +16770,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "itertools 0.12.1",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -17304,7 +17239,7 @@ checksum = "bcc303e793d3734489387d205e9b186fac9c6cfacedd98cbb2e8a5943595f3e6"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -17636,6 +17571,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustc-hex",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rlp"
+version = "0.6.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fa24e92bb2a83198bb76d661a71df9f7076b8c420b8696e4d3d97d50d94479e3"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "rustc-hex",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rocksdb"
 version = "0.21.0"
@@ -17660,6 +17605,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-consensus-babe",
  "sp-consensus-beefy",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -17903,7 +17849,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "regex",
  "relative-path",
  "rustc_version 0.4.0",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
 
@@ -17946,10 +17892,10 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-bigint",
  "num-traits",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "proptest",
  "rand",
- "rlp",
+ "rlp 0.5.2",
  "ruint-macro",
  "serde",
  "valuable",
@@ -18431,7 +18377,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -18461,6 +18407,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sc-service",
  "sc-telemetry",
  "sc-tracing",
+ "sc-transaction-pool",
  "sc-utils",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
@@ -19382,7 +19329,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-timer",
  "hyper 0.14.29",
  "hyper-rustls 0.24.2",
- "lazy_static",
  "log",
  "num_cpus",
  "once_cell",
@@ -19765,7 +19711,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "console",
  "criterion",
  "is-terminal",
- "lazy_static",
  "libc",
  "log",
  "parity-scale-codec",
@@ -19794,7 +19739,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -19807,6 +19752,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "criterion",
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
+ "indexmap 2.2.3",
+ "itertools 0.11.0",
  "linked-hash-map",
  "log",
  "parity-scale-codec",
@@ -19829,6 +19776,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "substrate-test-runtime-client",
  "substrate-test-runtime-transaction-pool",
  "thiserror",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-stream",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -19854,7 +19803,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "async-channel 1.9.0",
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
- "lazy_static",
  "log",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "prometheus",
@@ -19882,7 +19830,7 @@ checksum = "e98f3262c250d90e700bb802eb704e1f841e03331c2eb815e46516c4edbf5b27"
 dependencies = [
  "derive_more",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "scale-bits",
  "scale-decode-derive",
  "scale-type-resolver",
@@ -19909,7 +19857,7 @@ checksum = "4ba0b9c48dc0eb20c60b083c29447c0c4617cb7c4a4c9fef72aa5c5bc539e15e"
 dependencies = [
  "derive_more",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "scale-bits",
  "scale-encode-derive",
  "scale-type-resolver",
@@ -19974,7 +19922,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "scale-info",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "thiserror",
 ]
 
@@ -20182,40 +20130,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "seedling-runtime"
-version = "0.7.0"
-dependencies = [
- "cumulus-pallet-aura-ext",
- "cumulus-pallet-parachain-system",
- "cumulus-pallet-solo-to-para",
- "cumulus-primitives-core",
- "cumulus-primitives-timestamp",
- "frame-executive",
- "frame-support",
- "frame-system",
- "pallet-aura",
- "pallet-balances",
- "pallet-sudo",
- "pallet-timestamp",
- "parachains-common",
- "parity-scale-codec",
- "scale-info",
- "sp-api 26.0.0",
- "sp-block-builder",
- "sp-consensus-aura",
- "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "sp-genesis-builder",
- "sp-inherents",
- "sp-offchain",
- "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
- "sp-session",
- "sp-transaction-pool",
- "sp-version 29.0.0",
- "staging-parachain-info",
- "substrate-wasm-builder",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "semver"
 version = "0.6.0"
@@ -20303,7 +20217,7 @@ version = "0.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f3a1a3341211875ef120e117ea7fd5228530ae7e7036a779fdc9117be6b3282c"
 dependencies = [
- "ordered-float 2.10.1",
+ "ordered-float",
  "serde",
 ]
 
@@ -20324,7 +20238,7 @@ checksum = "243902eda00fad750862fc144cea25caca5e20d615af0a81bee94ca738f1df1f"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -20426,7 +20340,7 @@ checksum = "91d129178576168c589c9ec973feedf7d3126c01ac2bf08795109aa35b69fb8f"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -20508,42 +20422,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "lazy_static",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "shell-runtime"
-version = "0.7.0"
-dependencies = [
- "cumulus-pallet-aura-ext",
- "cumulus-pallet-parachain-system",
- "cumulus-pallet-xcm",
- "cumulus-primitives-core",
- "frame-executive",
- "frame-support",
- "frame-system",
- "frame-try-runtime",
- "pallet-aura",
- "pallet-message-queue",
- "pallet-timestamp",
- "parachains-common",
- "parity-scale-codec",
- "scale-info",
- "sp-api 26.0.0",
- "sp-block-builder",
- "sp-consensus-aura",
- "sp-core 28.0.0",
- "sp-genesis-builder",
- "sp-inherents",
- "sp-offchain",
- "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
- "sp-session",
- "sp-transaction-pool",
- "sp-version 29.0.0",
- "staging-parachain-info",
- "staging-xcm",
- "staging-xcm-builder",
- "staging-xcm-executor",
- "substrate-wasm-builder",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "shlex"
 version = "1.3.0"
@@ -20706,7 +20584,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "async-net 2.0.0",
  "async-process 2.3.0",
  "blocking",
- "futures-lite 2.0.0",
+ "futures-lite 2.3.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -20792,7 +20670,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "either",
  "event-listener 4.0.3",
  "fnv",
- "futures-lite 2.0.0",
+ "futures-lite 2.3.0",
  "futures-util",
  "hashbrown 0.14.5",
  "hex",
@@ -20878,7 +20756,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "event-listener 4.0.3",
  "fnv",
  "futures-channel",
- "futures-lite 2.0.0",
+ "futures-lite 2.3.0",
  "futures-util",
  "hashbrown 0.14.5",
  "hex",
@@ -20941,7 +20819,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "hex",
  "hex-literal",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "rlp",
+ "rlp 0.6.1",
  "scale-info",
  "serde",
  "snowbridge-ethereum",
@@ -20989,7 +20867,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-bytes",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "rand",
- "rlp",
+ "rlp 0.6.1",
  "scale-info",
  "serde",
  "serde-big-array",
@@ -21327,6 +21205,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-consensus-aura",
  "sp-consensus-grandpa",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
+ "sp-genesis-builder",
  "sp-inherents",
  "sp-io 30.0.0",
  "sp-keyring",
@@ -21358,6 +21237,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "pallet-transaction-payment-rpc-runtime-api",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "scale-info",
+ "serde_json",
  "sp-api 26.0.0",
  "sp-block-builder",
  "sp-consensus-aura",
@@ -21365,6 +21245,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-genesis-builder",
  "sp-inherents",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "sp-offchain",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-session",
@@ -21430,7 +21311,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -21445,7 +21326,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -21544,7 +21425,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "integer-sqrt",
  "num-traits",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "rand",
  "scale-info",
  "serde",
@@ -21702,7 +21583,6 @@ name = "sp-consensus-beefy"
 version = "13.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "array-bytes",
- "lazy_static",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "scale-info",
  "serde",
@@ -21715,7 +21595,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-mmr-primitives",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-weights 27.0.0",
- "strum 0.26.2",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
  "w3f-bls",
 ]
 
@@ -21785,10 +21665,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "hash-db",
  "hash256-std-hasher",
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "itertools 0.11.0",
  "k256",
- "lazy_static",
  "libsecp256k1",
  "log",
  "merlin",
@@ -21796,7 +21675,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "paste",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "rand",
  "regex",
  "scale-info",
@@ -21835,7 +21714,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "hash-db",
  "hash256-std-hasher",
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "itertools 0.10.5",
  "k256",
  "libsecp256k1",
@@ -21845,7 +21724,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "paste",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "rand",
  "scale-info",
  "schnorrkel 0.11.4",
@@ -21882,7 +21761,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "hash-db",
  "hash256-std-hasher",
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "itertools 0.10.5",
  "k256",
  "libsecp256k1",
@@ -21892,7 +21771,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "paste",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "rand",
  "scale-info",
  "schnorrkel 0.11.4",
@@ -21929,7 +21808,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "hash-db",
  "hash256-std-hasher",
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "itertools 0.11.0",
  "k256",
  "libsecp256k1",
@@ -21939,7 +21818,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "paste",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "rand",
  "scale-info",
  "schnorrkel 0.11.4",
@@ -21964,7 +21843,6 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "sp-core-fuzz"
 version = "0.0.0"
 dependencies = [
- "lazy_static",
  "libfuzzer-sys",
  "regex",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
@@ -22058,7 +21936,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "sp-crypto-hashing 0.1.0",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22069,7 +21947,7 @@ checksum = "b85d0f1f1e44bd8617eb2a48203ee854981229e3e79e6f468c7175d5fd37489b"
 dependencies = [
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "sp-crypto-hashing 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22087,7 +21965,7 @@ source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk#82912acb33a9030c0ef3bf5
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22096,7 +21974,7 @@ version = "14.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22107,7 +21985,7 @@ checksum = "48d09fa0a5f7299fb81ee25ae3853d26200f7a348148aed6de76be905c007dbe"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22289,7 +22167,7 @@ version = "31.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
- "strum 0.26.2",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22444,7 +22322,6 @@ name = "sp-panic-handler"
 version = "13.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "backtrace",
- "lazy_static",
  "regex",
 ]
 
@@ -22473,6 +22350,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "sp-runtime"
 version = "31.0.1"
 dependencies = [
+ "binary-merkle-tree",
  "docify",
  "either",
  "hash256-std-hasher",
@@ -22585,7 +22463,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "impl-trait-for-tuples",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "sp-externalities 0.19.0",
  "sp-runtime-interface-proc-macro 11.0.0",
  "sp-std 8.0.0",
@@ -22603,7 +22481,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "impl-trait-for-tuples",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkavm-derive 0.9.1",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "rustversion",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-externalities 0.25.0",
@@ -22629,7 +22507,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "impl-trait-for-tuples",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkavm-derive 0.8.0",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "sp-externalities 0.27.0",
  "sp-runtime-interface-proc-macro 18.0.0",
  "sp-std 14.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -22649,7 +22527,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "impl-trait-for-tuples",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "polkavm-derive 0.9.1",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "sp-externalities 0.28.0",
  "sp-runtime-interface-proc-macro 18.0.0",
  "sp-std 14.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -22668,7 +22546,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 1.3.1",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22680,7 +22558,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22694,7 +22572,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -22890,7 +22768,7 @@ name = "sp-storage"
 version = "13.0.0"
 source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk#82912acb33a9030c0ef3bf590a34fca09b72dc5f"
 dependencies = [
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "ref-cast",
  "serde",
@@ -22902,7 +22780,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "sp-storage"
 version = "19.0.0"
 dependencies = [
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "ref-cast",
  "serde",
@@ -22915,7 +22793,7 @@ version = "20.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8dba5791cb3978e95daf99dad919ecb3ec35565604e88cd38d805d9d4981e8bd"
 dependencies = [
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "ref-cast",
  "serde",
@@ -22929,7 +22807,7 @@ version = "21.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "99c82989b3a4979a7e1ad848aad9f5d0b4388f1f454cc131766526601ab9e8f8"
 dependencies = [
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "ref-cast",
  "serde",
@@ -23035,7 +22913,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "array-bytes",
  "criterion",
  "hash-db",
- "lazy_static",
  "memory-db",
  "nohash-hasher",
  "parity-scale-codec",
@@ -23131,7 +23008,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "sp-version"
 version = "29.0.0"
 dependencies = [
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parity-wasm",
  "scale-info",
@@ -23149,7 +23026,7 @@ version = "35.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6ff74bf12b4f7d29387eb1caeec5553209a505f90a2511d2831143b970f89659"
 dependencies = [
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parity-wasm",
  "scale-info",
@@ -23170,7 +23047,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "sp-version 29.0.0",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -23182,7 +23059,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -23399,6 +23276,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "soketto 0.8.0",
+ "sp-keyring",
  "staging-node-inspect",
  "substrate-cli-test-utils",
  "tempfile",
@@ -23483,7 +23361,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polkadot-primitives",
  "polkadot-runtime-parachains",
  "polkadot-test-runtime",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.13.1",
  "scale-info",
  "sp-arithmetic 23.0.0",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
@@ -23617,11 +23495,11 @@ checksum = "290d54ea6f91c969195bdbcd7442c8c2a2ba87da8bf60a7ee86a235d4bc1e125"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "strum"
-version = "0.26.2"
+version = "0.26.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5d8cec3501a5194c432b2b7976db6b7d10ec95c253208b45f83f7136aa985e29"
+checksum = "8fec0f0aef304996cf250b31b5a10dee7980c85da9d759361292b8bca5a18f06"
 dependencies = [
- "strum_macros 0.26.2",
+ "strum_macros 0.26.4",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -23647,20 +23525,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "rustversion",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "strum_macros"
-version = "0.26.2"
+version = "0.26.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c6cf59daf282c0a494ba14fd21610a0325f9f90ec9d1231dea26bcb1d696c946"
+checksum = "4c6bee85a5a24955dc440386795aa378cd9cf82acd5f764469152d2270e581be"
 dependencies = [
- "heck 0.4.1",
+ "heck 0.5.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "rustversion",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -23846,14 +23724,13 @@ dependencies = [
  "rbtag",
  "relay-substrate-client",
  "relay-utils",
- "rustc-hex",
  "scale-info",
  "sp-consensus-grandpa",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-runtime 31.0.1",
  "sp-trie 29.0.0",
  "structopt",
- "strum 0.26.2",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
  "thiserror",
 ]
 
@@ -24004,6 +23881,7 @@ name = "substrate-test-runtime-transaction-pool"
 version = "2.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
+ "log",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "sc-transaction-pool",
@@ -24040,12 +23918,13 @@ dependencies = [
  "parity-wasm",
  "polkavm-linker 0.9.2",
  "sc-executor 0.32.0",
+ "shlex",
  "sp-core 28.0.0",
  "sp-io 30.0.0",
  "sp-maybe-compressed-blob 11.0.0",
  "sp-tracing 16.0.0",
  "sp-version 29.0.0",
- "strum 0.26.2",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
  "tempfile",
  "toml 0.8.12",
  "walkdir",
@@ -24108,11 +23987,11 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-metadata 16.0.0",
  "futures",
  "hex",
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "instant",
  "jsonrpsee 0.22.5",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "reconnecting-jsonrpsee-ws-client",
  "scale-bits",
  "scale-decode",
@@ -24148,7 +24027,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "scale-info",
  "scale-typegen",
  "subxt-metadata",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "thiserror",
  "tokio",
 ]
@@ -24165,9 +24044,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-metadata 16.0.0",
  "hashbrown 0.14.5",
  "hex",
- "impl-serde",
+ "impl-serde 0.4.0",
  "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
+ "primitive-types 0.12.2",
  "scale-bits",
  "scale-decode",
  "scale-encode",
@@ -24211,7 +24090,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "scale-typegen",
  "subxt-codegen",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -24364,9 +24243,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.77"
+version = "2.0.79"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9f35bcdf61fd8e7be6caf75f429fdca8beb3ed76584befb503b1569faee373ed"
+checksum = "89132cd0bf050864e1d38dc3bbc07a0eb8e7530af26344d3d2bbbef83499f590"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
@@ -24382,7 +24261,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "paste",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -24411,7 +24290,7 @@ checksum = "c8af7666ab7b6390ab78131fb5b0fce11d6b7a6951602017c35fa82800708971"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -24541,7 +24420,7 @@ checksum = "5999e24eaa32083191ba4e425deb75cdf25efefabe5aaccb7446dd0d4122a3f5"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -24716,7 +24595,7 @@ checksum = "46c3384250002a6d5af4d114f2845d37b57521033f30d5c3f46c4d70e1197533"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -24744,19 +24623,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "num_cpus",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "thrift"
-version = "0.15.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b82ca8f46f95b3ce96081fe3dd89160fdea970c254bb72925255d1b62aae692e"
-dependencies = [
- "byteorder",
- "integer-encoding",
- "log",
- "ordered-float 1.1.1",
- "threadpool",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "tikv-jemalloc-ctl"
 version = "0.5.4"
@@ -24857,21 +24723,20 @@ checksum = "1f3ccbac311fea05f86f61904b462b55fb3df8837a366dfc601a0161d0532f20"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio"
-version = "1.37.0"
+version = "1.40.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1adbebffeca75fcfd058afa480fb6c0b81e165a0323f9c9d39c9697e37c46787"
+checksum = "e2b070231665d27ad9ec9b8df639893f46727666c6767db40317fbe920a5d998"
 dependencies = [
  "backtrace",
  "bytes",
  "libc",
  "mio",
- "num_cpus",
  "parking_lot 0.12.3",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "signal-hook-registry",
  "socket2 0.5.7",
  "tokio-macros",
- "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -24886,13 +24751,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-macros"
-version = "2.2.0"
+version = "2.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5b8a1e28f2deaa14e508979454cb3a223b10b938b45af148bc0986de36f1923b"
+checksum = "693d596312e88961bc67d7f1f97af8a70227d9f90c31bba5806eec004978d752"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -24962,9 +24827,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-test"
-version = "0.4.3"
+version = "0.4.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e89b3cbabd3ae862100094ae433e1def582cf86451b4e9bf83aa7ac1d8a7d719"
+checksum = "2468baabc3311435b55dd935f702f42cd1b8abb7e754fb7dfb16bd36aa88f9f7"
 dependencies = [
  "async-stream",
  "bytes",
@@ -25168,7 +25033,7 @@ checksum = "34704c8d6ebcbc939824180af020566b01a7c01f80641264eba0999f6c2b6be7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -25210,7 +25075,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.1.0",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -25532,6 +25397,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "static_assertions",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "uint"
+version = "0.10.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "909988d098b2f738727b161a106cfc7cab00c539c2687a8836f8e565976fb53e"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder",
+ "crunchy",
+ "hex",
+ "static_assertions",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "unarray"
 version = "0.1.4"
@@ -25850,7 +25727,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
@@ -25884,7 +25761,7 @@ checksum = "afc340c74d9005395cf9dd098506f7f44e38f2b4a21c6aaacf9a105ea5e1e836"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "wasm-bindgen-backend",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
@@ -26399,6 +26276,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "westend-runtime"
 version = "7.0.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "approx",
  "binary-merkle-tree",
  "bitvec",
  "frame-benchmarking",
@@ -26968,7 +26846,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "frame-support",
  "frame-system",
  "impl-trait-for-tuples",
- "lazy_static",
  "log",
  "pallet-balances",
  "pallet-message-queue",
@@ -27019,7 +26896,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
  "staging-xcm",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
  "trybuild",
 ]
 
@@ -27190,7 +27067,7 @@ checksum = "9ce1b18ccd8e73a9321186f97e46f9f04b778851177567b1975109d26a08d2a6"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -27210,7 +27087,7 @@ checksum = "ce36e65b0d2999d2aafac989fb249189a141aee1f53c612c1f37d72631959f69"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2 1.0.86",
  "quote 1.0.37",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.79",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -27218,7 +27095,6 @@ name = "zombienet-backchannel"
 version = "1.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-util",
- "lazy_static",
  "parity-scale-codec",
  "reqwest 0.11.20",
  "serde",
@@ -27232,17 +27108,19 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zombienet-configuration"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.2.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "23322e411b8d19b41b5c20ab8e88c10822189a4fcfd069c7fcd1542b8d3035aa"
+checksum = "ebbfc98adb25076777967f7aad078e74029e129b102eb0812c425432f8c2be7b"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "lazy_static",
  "multiaddr 0.18.1",
  "regex",
+ "reqwest 0.11.20",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "thiserror",
+ "tokio",
  "toml 0.7.8",
  "url",
  "zombienet-support",
@@ -27250,9 +27128,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zombienet-orchestrator"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.2.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "381f701565b3918a909132743b3674569ce3da25b5c3a6493883abaf1046577a"
+checksum = "5b17f4d1d05b3aedf02818eb0f4d5a76664da0e07bb2f7e7d02613e0ef0f316a"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "async-trait",
@@ -27283,9 +27161,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zombienet-prom-metrics-parser"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.2.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dab79fa58bcfecbcd41485c6f13052853ccde8b09f173b601f78747d7abc2b7f"
+checksum = "7203390ab88919240da3a3eb06b625b6e300e94f98e04ba5141e9138dc663b7d"
 dependencies = [
  "pest",
  "pest_derive",
@@ -27294,9 +27172,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zombienet-provider"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.2.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6af0264938da61b25da89f17ee0630393a4ba793582a4a8a1650eb15b47fc1ef"
+checksum = "ee02ee957ec39b698798fa6dc2a0d5ba4524198471c37d57755e9685b67fb50c"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "async-trait",
@@ -27325,9 +27203,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zombienet-sdk"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.2.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5bc5b7ebfba4ab62486c8cb5bcd7345c4376487487cfe3481476cb4d4accc75e"
+checksum = "f594e67922182277a3da0926f21b693eb5a0c38b32ca7fd6ef16167809fe5064"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "futures",
@@ -27342,9 +27220,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zombienet-support"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.2.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6f5b80d34a0eecca69dd84c2e13f84f1fae0cc378baf4f15f769027af068418b"
+checksum = "93d3144537df7c8939bbb355cc5245a6dc0078446a6cdaf9272268bd1043c788"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "async-trait",
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 8e3330e4e6140c8a16eda9b0e36c2698f5843165..40d3615fed1d82e76ca76df333a24a2bfc3167fa 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -130,13 +130,12 @@ members = [
 	"cumulus/parachains/runtimes/glutton/glutton-westend",
 	"cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo",
 	"cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend",
-	"cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling",
-	"cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell",
 	"cumulus/parachains/runtimes/test-utils",
 	"cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal",
 	"cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/rococo-parachain",
+	"cumulus/polkadot-omni-node",
+	"cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib",
 	"cumulus/polkadot-parachain",
-	"cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib",
 	"cumulus/primitives/aura",
 	"cumulus/primitives/core",
 	"cumulus/primitives/parachain-inherent",
@@ -158,6 +157,7 @@ members = [
 	"polkadot/erasure-coding/fuzzer",
 	"polkadot/node/collation-generation",
 	"polkadot/node/core/approval-voting",
+	"polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel",
 	"polkadot/node/core/av-store",
 	"polkadot/node/core/backing",
 	"polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing",
@@ -176,7 +176,6 @@ members = [
 	"polkadot/node/core/runtime-api",
 	"polkadot/node/gum",
 	"polkadot/node/gum/proc-macro",
-	"polkadot/node/jaeger",
 	"polkadot/node/malus",
 	"polkadot/node/metrics",
 	"polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution",
@@ -543,6 +542,7 @@ members = [
 ]
 
 default-members = [
+	"cumulus/polkadot-omni-node",
 	"cumulus/polkadot-parachain",
 	"polkadot",
 	"substrate/bin/node/cli",
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ default-members = [
 [workspace.lints.rust]
 suspicious_double_ref_op = { level = "allow", priority = 2 }
 # `substrate_runtime` is a common `cfg` condition name used in the repo.
-unexpected_cfgs = { level = "warn", check-cfg = ['cfg(substrate_runtime)'] }
+unexpected_cfgs = { level = "warn", check-cfg = ['cfg(build_opt_level, values("3"))', 'cfg(build_profile, values("debug", "release"))', 'cfg(enable_alloc_error_handler)', 'cfg(fuzzing)', 'cfg(substrate_runtime)'] }
 
 [workspace.lints.clippy]
 all = { level = "allow", priority = 0 }
@@ -587,6 +587,7 @@ alloy-primitives = { version = "0.4.2", default-features = false }
 alloy-sol-types = { version = "0.4.2", default-features = false }
 always-assert = { version = "0.1" }
 anyhow = { version = "1.0.81", default-features = false }
+approx = { version = "0.5.1" }
 aquamarine = { version = "0.5.0" }
 arbitrary = { version = "1.3.2" }
 ark-bls12-377 = { version = "0.4.0", default-features = false }
@@ -737,11 +738,12 @@ either = { version = "1.8.1", default-features = false }
 emulated-integration-tests-common = { path = "cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common", default-features = false }
 enumflags2 = { version = "0.7.7" }
 enumn = { version = "0.1.13" }
+env_logger = { version = "0.11.2" }
 environmental = { version = "1.1.4", default-features = false }
 equivocation-detector = { path = "bridges/relays/equivocation" }
 ethabi = { version = "1.0.0", default-features = false, package = "ethabi-decode" }
-ethbloom = { version = "0.13.0", default-features = false }
-ethereum-types = { version = "0.14.1", default-features = false }
+ethbloom = { version = "0.14.1", default-features = false }
+ethereum-types = { version = "0.15.1", default-features = false }
 exit-future = { version = "0.2.0" }
 expander = { version = "2.0.0" }
 fatality = { version = "0.1.1" }
@@ -824,7 +826,6 @@ kvdb-memorydb = { version = "0.13.0" }
 kvdb-rocksdb = { version = "0.19.0" }
 kvdb-shared-tests = { version = "0.11.0" }
 landlock = { version = "0.3.0" }
-lazy_static = { version = "1.5.0" }
 libc = { version = "0.2.155" }
 libfuzzer-sys = { version = "0.4" }
 libp2p = { version = "0.52.4" }
@@ -844,7 +845,6 @@ merkleized-metadata = { version = "0.1.0" }
 merlin = { version = "3.0", default-features = false }
 messages-relay = { path = "bridges/relays/messages" }
 metered = { version = "0.6.1", default-features = false, package = "prioritized-metered-channel" }
-mick-jaeger = { version = "0.1.8" }
 milagro-bls = { version = "1.5.4", default-features = false, package = "snowbridge-milagro-bls" }
 minimal-template-node = { path = "templates/minimal/node" }
 minimal-template-runtime = { path = "templates/minimal/runtime" }
@@ -1004,7 +1004,6 @@ parachains-relay = { path = "bridges/relays/parachains" }
 parachains-runtimes-test-utils = { path = "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/test-utils", default-features = false }
 parity-bytes = { version = "0.1.2", default-features = false }
 parity-db = { version = "0.4.12" }
-parity-util-mem = { version = "0.12.0" }
 parity-wasm = { version = "0.45.0" }
 parking_lot = { version = "0.12.1", default-features = false }
 partial_sort = { version = "0.2.0" }
@@ -1017,7 +1016,7 @@ people-rococo-runtime = { path = "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-roco
 people-westend-emulated-chain = { path = "cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/people/people-westend" }
 people-westend-runtime = { path = "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend" }
 pin-project = { version = "1.1.3" }
-platforms = { version = "3.0" }
+platforms = { version = "3.4" }
 polkadot-approval-distribution = { path = "polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution", default-features = false }
 polkadot-availability-bitfield-distribution = { path = "polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution", default-features = false }
 polkadot-availability-distribution = { path = "polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution", default-features = false }
@@ -1031,6 +1030,7 @@ polkadot-gossip-support = { path = "polkadot/node/network/gossip-support", defau
 polkadot-network-bridge = { path = "polkadot/node/network/bridge", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-collation-generation = { path = "polkadot/node/collation-generation", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-core-approval-voting = { path = "polkadot/node/core/approval-voting", default-features = false }
+polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel = { path = "polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-core-av-store = { path = "polkadot/node/core/av-store", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-core-backing = { path = "polkadot/node/core/backing", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing = { path = "polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing", default-features = false }
@@ -1047,7 +1047,6 @@ polkadot-node-core-pvf-common = { path = "polkadot/node/core/pvf/common", defaul
 polkadot-node-core-pvf-execute-worker = { path = "polkadot/node/core/pvf/execute-worker", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-core-pvf-prepare-worker = { path = "polkadot/node/core/pvf/prepare-worker", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-core-runtime-api = { path = "polkadot/node/core/runtime-api", default-features = false }
-polkadot-node-jaeger = { path = "polkadot/node/jaeger", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-metrics = { path = "polkadot/node/metrics", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-network-protocol = { path = "polkadot/node/network/protocol", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-primitives = { path = "polkadot/node/primitives", default-features = false }
@@ -1055,8 +1054,9 @@ polkadot-node-subsystem = { path = "polkadot/node/subsystem", default-features =
 polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers = { path = "polkadot/node/subsystem-test-helpers" }
 polkadot-node-subsystem-types = { path = "polkadot/node/subsystem-types", default-features = false }
 polkadot-node-subsystem-util = { path = "polkadot/node/subsystem-util", default-features = false }
+polkadot-omni-node = { path = "cumulus/polkadot-omni-node", default-features = false }
+polkadot-omni-node-lib = { path = "cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib", default-features = false }
 polkadot-overseer = { path = "polkadot/node/overseer", default-features = false }
-polkadot-parachain-lib = { path = "cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib", default-features = false }
 polkadot-parachain-primitives = { path = "polkadot/parachain", default-features = false }
 polkadot-primitives = { path = "polkadot/primitives", default-features = false }
 polkadot-primitives-test-helpers = { path = "polkadot/primitives/test-helpers" }
@@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ polkavm-derive = "0.9.1"
 polkavm-linker = "0.9.2"
 portpicker = { version = "0.1.1" }
 pretty_assertions = { version = "1.3.0" }
-primitive-types = { version = "0.12.1", default-features = false }
+primitive-types = { version = "0.13.1", default-features = false, features = ["num-traits"] }
 proc-macro-crate = { version = "3.0.0" }
 proc-macro-warning = { version = "1.0.0", default-features = false }
 proc-macro2 = { version = "1.0.86" }
@@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ relay-substrate-client = { path = "bridges/relays/client-substrate" }
 relay-utils = { path = "bridges/relays/utils" }
 remote-externalities = { path = "substrate/utils/frame/remote-externalities", default-features = false, package = "frame-remote-externalities" }
 reqwest = { version = "0.11", default-features = false }
-rlp = { version = "0.5.2", default-features = false }
+rlp = { version = "0.6.1", default-features = false }
 rococo-emulated-chain = { path = "cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo" }
 rococo-parachain-runtime = { path = "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/rococo-parachain" }
 rococo-runtime = { path = "polkadot/runtime/rococo" }
@@ -1185,7 +1185,6 @@ schnorrkel = { version = "0.11.4", default-features = false }
 seccompiler = { version = "0.4.0" }
 secp256k1 = { version = "0.28.0", default-features = false }
 secrecy = { version = "0.8.0", default-features = false }
-seedling-runtime = { path = "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling" }
 separator = { version = "0.4.1" }
 serde = { version = "1.0.210", default-features = false }
 serde-big-array = { version = "0.3.2" }
@@ -1196,7 +1195,7 @@ serial_test = { version = "2.0.0" }
 sha1 = { version = "0.10.6" }
 sha2 = { version = "0.10.7", default-features = false }
 sha3 = { version = "0.10.0", default-features = false }
-shell-runtime = { path = "cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell" }
+shlex = { version = "1.3.0" }
 slot-range-helper = { path = "polkadot/runtime/common/slot_range_helper", default-features = false }
 slotmap = { version = "1.0" }
 smallvec = { version = "1.11.0", default-features = false }
@@ -1284,7 +1283,7 @@ ssz_rs_derive = { version = "0.9.0", default-features = false }
 static_assertions = { version = "1.1.0", default-features = false }
 static_init = { version = "1.0.3" }
 structopt = { version = "0.3" }
-strum = { version = "0.26.2", default-features = false }
+strum = { version = "0.26.3", default-features = false }
 subkey = { path = "substrate/bin/utils/subkey", default-features = false }
 substrate-bip39 = { path = "substrate/utils/substrate-bip39", default-features = false }
 substrate-build-script-utils = { path = "substrate/utils/build-script-utils", default-features = false }
@@ -1299,7 +1298,9 @@ substrate-test-runtime-client = { path = "substrate/test-utils/runtime/client" }
 substrate-test-runtime-transaction-pool = { path = "substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool" }
 substrate-test-utils = { path = "substrate/test-utils" }
 substrate-wasm-builder = { path = "substrate/utils/wasm-builder", default-features = false }
-syn = { version = "2.0.77" }
+subxt = { version = "0.37", default-features = false }
+subxt-signer = { version = "0.37" }
+syn = { version = "2.0.79" }
 sysinfo = { version = "0.30" }
 tar = { version = "0.4" }
 tempfile = { version = "3.8.1" }
@@ -1317,10 +1318,10 @@ tikv-jemalloc-ctl = { version = "0.5.0" }
 tikv-jemallocator = { version = "0.5.0" }
 time = { version = "0.3" }
 tiny-keccak = { version = "2.0.2" }
-tokio = { version = "1.37.0", default-features = false }
+tokio = { version = "1.40.0", default-features = false }
 tokio-retry = { version = "0.3.0" }
 tokio-stream = { version = "0.1.14" }
-tokio-test = { version = "0.4.2" }
+tokio-test = { version = "0.4.4" }
 tokio-tungstenite = { version = "0.20.1" }
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7.8" }
 toml = { version = "0.8.12" }
@@ -1368,6 +1369,7 @@ xcm-procedural = { path = "polkadot/xcm/procedural", default-features = false }
 xcm-runtime-apis = { path = "polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis", default-features = false }
 xcm-simulator = { path = "polkadot/xcm/xcm-simulator", default-features = false }
 zeroize = { version = "1.7.0", default-features = false }
+zombienet-sdk = { version = "0.2.13" }
 zstd = { version = "0.12.4", default-features = false }
 
 [profile.release]
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index b8ddf8427c9fd146fa26dbce56dd8f66f082f25b..8016b6b37301a32a9ccf5dd7d80827625620d760 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 <div align="center">
 
 ![SDK Logo](./docs/images/Polkadot_Logo_Horizontal_Pink_White.png#gh-dark-mode-only)
diff --git a/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/extensions.rs b/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/extensions.rs
index dc7e14de28f311817b7bced78e62ff1b5b037b1d..dced502394717411654d270b335d57b94feda31a 100644
--- a/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/extensions.rs
+++ b/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/extensions.rs
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 	use crate::mock::*;
 	use bp_header_chain::StoredHeaderDataBuilder;
-	use bp_messages::{InboundLaneData, LaneId, MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData};
+	use bp_messages::{InboundLaneData, MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData};
 	use bp_parachains::{BestParaHeadHash, ParaInfo};
 	use bp_polkadot_core::parachains::{ParaHeadsProof, ParaId};
 	use bp_relayers::{RewardsAccountOwner, RewardsAccountParams};
@@ -390,17 +390,16 @@ mod tests {
 	};
 
 	parameter_types! {
-		pub MsgProofsRewardsAccount: RewardsAccountParams = RewardsAccountParams::new(
+		pub MsgProofsRewardsAccount: RewardsAccountParams<TestLaneIdType> = RewardsAccountParams::new(
 			test_lane_id(),
 			TEST_BRIDGED_CHAIN_ID,
 			RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
 		);
-		pub MsgDeliveryProofsRewardsAccount: RewardsAccountParams = RewardsAccountParams::new(
+		pub MsgDeliveryProofsRewardsAccount: RewardsAccountParams<TestLaneIdType> = RewardsAccountParams::new(
 			test_lane_id(),
 			TEST_BRIDGED_CHAIN_ID,
 			RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain,
 		);
-		pub TestLaneId: LaneId = test_lane_id();
 	}
 
 	pub struct MockCall {
@@ -476,10 +475,6 @@ mod tests {
 		}
 	}
 
-	fn test_lane_id() -> LaneId {
-		LaneId::new(1, 2)
-	}
-
 	fn initial_balance_of_relayer_account_at_this_chain() -> ThisChainBalance {
 		let test_stake: ThisChainBalance = TestStake::get();
 		ExistentialDeposit::get().saturating_add(test_stake * 100)
diff --git a/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/messages_api.rs b/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/messages_api.rs
index 7fbdeb366124778b36c77725be8ca8778020be1b..c8522d4d1f276aa945682de04edbe032a20e8a93 100644
--- a/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/messages_api.rs
+++ b/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/messages_api.rs
@@ -16,14 +16,12 @@
 
 //! Helpers for implementing various message-related runtime API methods.
 
-use bp_messages::{
-	InboundMessageDetails, LaneId, MessageNonce, MessagePayload, OutboundMessageDetails,
-};
+use bp_messages::{InboundMessageDetails, MessageNonce, MessagePayload, OutboundMessageDetails};
 use sp_std::vec::Vec;
 
 /// Implementation of the `To*OutboundLaneApi::message_details`.
 pub fn outbound_message_details<Runtime, MessagesPalletInstance>(
-	lane: LaneId,
+	lane: Runtime::LaneId,
 	begin: MessageNonce,
 	end: MessageNonce,
 ) -> Vec<OutboundMessageDetails>
@@ -48,7 +46,7 @@ where
 
 /// Implementation of the `To*InboundLaneApi::message_details`.
 pub fn inbound_message_details<Runtime, MessagesPalletInstance>(
-	lane: LaneId,
+	lane: Runtime::LaneId,
 	messages: Vec<(MessagePayload, OutboundMessageDetails)>,
 ) -> Vec<InboundMessageDetails>
 where
diff --git a/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/messages_benchmarking.rs b/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/messages_benchmarking.rs
index 1880e65547fe6d5e0af71e6ec7c6e0e214f20866..acbdbcda8deafcf64430b1cabe0ca9eaf6eddfb1 100644
--- a/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/messages_benchmarking.rs
+++ b/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/messages_benchmarking.rs
@@ -33,15 +33,15 @@ use pallet_bridge_messages::{
 		encode_all_messages, encode_lane_data, prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof,
 		prepare_messages_storage_proof,
 	},
-	BridgedChainOf, ThisChainOf,
+	BridgedChainOf, LaneIdOf, ThisChainOf,
 };
 use sp_runtime::traits::{Header, Zero};
 use sp_std::prelude::*;
 use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 
 /// Prepare inbound bridge message according to given message proof parameters.
-fn prepare_inbound_message(
-	params: &MessageProofParams,
+fn prepare_inbound_message<LaneId>(
+	params: &MessageProofParams<LaneId>,
 	successful_dispatch_message_generator: impl Fn(usize) -> MessagePayload,
 ) -> MessagePayload {
 	let expected_size = params.proof_params.db_size.unwrap_or(0) as usize;
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ fn prepare_inbound_message(
 /// uses GRANDPA finality. For parachains, please use the `prepare_message_proof_from_parachain`
 /// function.
 pub fn prepare_message_proof_from_grandpa_chain<R, FI, MI>(
-	params: MessageProofParams,
+	params: MessageProofParams<LaneIdOf<R, MI>>,
 	message_generator: impl Fn(usize) -> MessagePayload,
-) -> (FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>>, Weight)
+) -> (FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>, LaneIdOf<R, MI>>, Weight)
 where
 	R: pallet_bridge_grandpa::Config<FI, BridgedChain = BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>
 		+ pallet_bridge_messages::Config<
@@ -84,18 +84,21 @@ where
 	MI: 'static,
 {
 	// prepare storage proof
-	let (state_root, storage_proof) =
-		prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>, ThisChainOf<R, MI>>(
-			params.lane,
-			params.message_nonces.clone(),
-			params.outbound_lane_data.clone(),
-			params.proof_params,
-			|_| prepare_inbound_message(&params, &message_generator),
-			encode_all_messages,
-			encode_lane_data,
-			false,
-			false,
-		);
+	let (state_root, storage_proof) = prepare_messages_storage_proof::<
+		BridgedChainOf<R, MI>,
+		ThisChainOf<R, MI>,
+		LaneIdOf<R, MI>,
+	>(
+		params.lane,
+		params.message_nonces.clone(),
+		params.outbound_lane_data.clone(),
+		params.proof_params,
+		|_| prepare_inbound_message(&params, &message_generator),
+		encode_all_messages,
+		encode_lane_data,
+		false,
+		false,
+	);
 
 	// update runtime storage
 	let (_, bridged_header_hash) = insert_header_to_grandpa_pallet::<R, FI>(state_root);
@@ -121,9 +124,9 @@ where
 /// uses parachain finality. For GRANDPA chains, please use the
 /// `prepare_message_proof_from_grandpa_chain` function.
 pub fn prepare_message_proof_from_parachain<R, PI, MI>(
-	params: MessageProofParams,
+	params: MessageProofParams<LaneIdOf<R, MI>>,
 	message_generator: impl Fn(usize) -> MessagePayload,
-) -> (FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>>, Weight)
+) -> (FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>, LaneIdOf<R, MI>>, Weight)
 where
 	R: pallet_bridge_parachains::Config<PI> + pallet_bridge_messages::Config<MI>,
 	PI: 'static,
@@ -131,18 +134,21 @@ where
 	BridgedChainOf<R, MI>: Chain<Hash = ParaHash> + Parachain,
 {
 	// prepare storage proof
-	let (state_root, storage_proof) =
-		prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>, ThisChainOf<R, MI>>(
-			params.lane,
-			params.message_nonces.clone(),
-			params.outbound_lane_data.clone(),
-			params.proof_params,
-			|_| prepare_inbound_message(&params, &message_generator),
-			encode_all_messages,
-			encode_lane_data,
-			false,
-			false,
-		);
+	let (state_root, storage_proof) = prepare_messages_storage_proof::<
+		BridgedChainOf<R, MI>,
+		ThisChainOf<R, MI>,
+		LaneIdOf<R, MI>,
+	>(
+		params.lane,
+		params.message_nonces.clone(),
+		params.outbound_lane_data.clone(),
+		params.proof_params,
+		|_| prepare_inbound_message(&params, &message_generator),
+		encode_all_messages,
+		encode_lane_data,
+		false,
+		false,
+	);
 
 	// update runtime storage
 	let (_, bridged_header_hash) =
@@ -166,8 +172,8 @@ where
 /// uses GRANDPA finality. For parachains, please use the
 /// `prepare_message_delivery_proof_from_parachain` function.
 pub fn prepare_message_delivery_proof_from_grandpa_chain<R, FI, MI>(
-	params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountIdOf<ThisChainOf<R, MI>>>,
-) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>>
+	params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountIdOf<ThisChainOf<R, MI>>, LaneIdOf<R, MI>>,
+) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>, LaneIdOf<R, MI>>
 where
 	R: pallet_bridge_grandpa::Config<FI, BridgedChain = BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>
 		+ pallet_bridge_messages::Config<
@@ -182,6 +188,7 @@ where
 	let (state_root, storage_proof) = prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof::<
 		BridgedChainOf<R, MI>,
 		ThisChainOf<R, MI>,
+		LaneIdOf<R, MI>,
 	>(params.lane, params.inbound_lane_data, params.proof_params);
 
 	// update runtime storage
@@ -200,8 +207,8 @@ where
 /// uses parachain finality. For GRANDPA chains, please use the
 /// `prepare_message_delivery_proof_from_grandpa_chain` function.
 pub fn prepare_message_delivery_proof_from_parachain<R, PI, MI>(
-	params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountIdOf<ThisChainOf<R, MI>>>,
-) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>>
+	params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountIdOf<ThisChainOf<R, MI>>, LaneIdOf<R, MI>>,
+) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<R, MI>>, LaneIdOf<R, MI>>
 where
 	R: pallet_bridge_parachains::Config<PI> + pallet_bridge_messages::Config<MI>,
 	PI: 'static,
@@ -213,6 +220,7 @@ where
 	let (state_root, storage_proof) = prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof::<
 		BridgedChainOf<R, MI>,
 		ThisChainOf<R, MI>,
+		LaneIdOf<R, MI>,
 	>(params.lane, params.inbound_lane_data, params.proof_params);
 
 	// update runtime storage
diff --git a/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/mock.rs b/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/mock.rs
index fed0d15cc080b78381d3e2ad6bfe8a768139101d..1d4043fc4b61b257ca559b3454eeed63b882ca62 100644
--- a/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/mock.rs
+++ b/bridges/bin/runtime-common/src/mock.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 use bp_header_chain::ChainWithGrandpa;
 use bp_messages::{
 	target_chain::{DispatchMessage, MessageDispatch},
-	ChainWithMessages, LaneId, MessageNonce,
+	ChainWithMessages, HashedLaneId, LaneIdType, MessageNonce,
 };
 use bp_parachains::SingleParaStoredHeaderDataBuilder;
 use bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ pub type BridgedChainHeader =
 	sp_runtime::generic::Header<BridgedChainBlockNumber, BridgedChainHasher>;
 
 /// Rewards payment procedure.
-pub type TestPaymentProcedure = PayRewardFromAccount<Balances, ThisChainAccountId>;
+pub type TestPaymentProcedure = PayRewardFromAccount<Balances, ThisChainAccountId, TestLaneIdType>;
 /// Stake that we are using in tests.
 pub type TestStake = ConstU64<5_000>;
 /// Stake and slash mechanism to use in tests.
@@ -83,10 +83,11 @@ pub type TestStakeAndSlash = pallet_bridge_relayers::StakeAndSlashNamed<
 	ConstU32<8>,
 >;
 
-/// Message lane used in tests.
-#[allow(unused)]
-pub fn test_lane_id() -> LaneId {
-	LaneId::new(1, 2)
+/// Lane identifier type used for tests.
+pub type TestLaneIdType = HashedLaneId;
+/// Lane that we're using in tests.
+pub fn test_lane_id() -> TestLaneIdType {
+	TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap()
 }
 
 /// Bridged chain id used in tests.
@@ -189,10 +190,10 @@ impl pallet_bridge_messages::Config for TestRuntime {
 	type WeightInfo = pallet_bridge_messages::weights::BridgeWeight<TestRuntime>;
 
 	type OutboundPayload = Vec<u8>;
-
 	type InboundPayload = Vec<u8>;
-	type DeliveryPayments = ();
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
+	type DeliveryPayments = ();
 	type DeliveryConfirmationPayments = pallet_bridge_relayers::DeliveryConfirmationPaymentsAdapter<
 		TestRuntime,
 		(),
@@ -213,13 +214,14 @@ impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config for TestRuntime {
 	type PaymentProcedure = TestPaymentProcedure;
 	type StakeAndSlash = TestStakeAndSlash;
 	type WeightInfo = ();
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 }
 
 /// Dummy message dispatcher.
 pub struct DummyMessageDispatch;
 
 impl DummyMessageDispatch {
-	pub fn deactivate(lane: LaneId) {
+	pub fn deactivate(lane: TestLaneIdType) {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::put(&(b"inactive", lane).encode()[..], &false);
 	}
 }
@@ -227,18 +229,21 @@ impl DummyMessageDispatch {
 impl MessageDispatch for DummyMessageDispatch {
 	type DispatchPayload = Vec<u8>;
 	type DispatchLevelResult = ();
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
-	fn is_active(lane: LaneId) -> bool {
+	fn is_active(lane: Self::LaneId) -> bool {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::take::<bool>(&(b"inactive", lane).encode()[..]) !=
 			Some(false)
 	}
 
-	fn dispatch_weight(_message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>) -> Weight {
+	fn dispatch_weight(
+		_message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> Weight {
 		Weight::zero()
 	}
 
 	fn dispatch(
-		_: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>,
+		_: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
 	) -> MessageDispatchResult<Self::DispatchLevelResult> {
 		MessageDispatchResult { unspent_weight: Weight::zero(), dispatch_level_result: () }
 	}
diff --git a/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-kusama/src/lib.rs b/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-kusama/src/lib.rs
index c990e8a12f367cafbd35b0693b323a6ec5fb5e96..485fb3d31f2001a0303c8aa7165c50bab7acbbbf 100644
--- a/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-kusama/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-kusama/src/lib.rs
@@ -93,4 +93,4 @@ pub const WITH_BRIDGE_HUB_KUSAMA_MESSAGES_PALLET_NAME: &str = "BridgeKusamaMessa
 pub const WITH_BRIDGE_HUB_KUSAMA_RELAYERS_PALLET_NAME: &str = "BridgeRelayers";
 
 decl_bridge_finality_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_kusama);
-decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_kusama);
+decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_kusama, LegacyLaneId);
diff --git a/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-polkadot/src/lib.rs b/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-polkadot/src/lib.rs
index 7379b8863b1de5c1a1482db90077e958f0a33366..7a1793b4da4a46680fe5b54c3b4c311635a47786 100644
--- a/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-polkadot/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-polkadot/src/lib.rs
@@ -85,4 +85,4 @@ pub const WITH_BRIDGE_HUB_POLKADOT_MESSAGES_PALLET_NAME: &str = "BridgePolkadotM
 pub const WITH_BRIDGE_HUB_POLKADOT_RELAYERS_PALLET_NAME: &str = "BridgeRelayers";
 
 decl_bridge_finality_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_polkadot);
-decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_polkadot);
+decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_polkadot, LegacyLaneId);
diff --git a/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs b/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
index 7920eb93403376159c7520dcca31295116193d08..538bc44019f5226f56b2f07b8cca47451b93e678 100644
--- a/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ pub const WITH_BRIDGE_ROCOCO_TO_WESTEND_MESSAGES_PALLET_INDEX: u8 = 51;
 pub const WITH_BRIDGE_ROCOCO_TO_BULLETIN_MESSAGES_PALLET_INDEX: u8 = 61;
 
 decl_bridge_finality_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_rococo);
-decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_rococo);
+decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_rococo, LegacyLaneId);
 
 frame_support::parameter_types! {
 	/// The XCM fee that is paid for executing XCM program (with `ExportMessage` instruction) at the Rococo
diff --git a/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs b/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
index 644fa64c687b3162f1380cf3e666373226c0a16d..7a213fdb28c82df5212a86669b480fe371cf8837 100644
--- a/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/chains/chain-bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ pub const WITH_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_RELAYERS_PALLET_NAME: &str = "BridgeRelayers";
 pub const WITH_BRIDGE_WESTEND_TO_ROCOCO_MESSAGES_PALLET_INDEX: u8 = 44;
 
 decl_bridge_finality_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_westend);
-decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_westend);
+decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(bridge_hub_westend, LegacyLaneId);
 
 frame_support::parameter_types! {
 	/// The XCM fee that is paid for executing XCM program (with `ExportMessage` instruction) at the Westend
diff --git a/bridges/chains/chain-polkadot-bulletin/src/lib.rs b/bridges/chains/chain-polkadot-bulletin/src/lib.rs
index 88980a9575016bd5c5e1428329454e8131a2075d..d009369197213da84aca80b9263f82ae4407ca0f 100644
--- a/bridges/chains/chain-polkadot-bulletin/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/chains/chain-polkadot-bulletin/src/lib.rs
@@ -228,4 +228,4 @@ impl ChainWithMessages for PolkadotBulletin {
 }
 
 decl_bridge_finality_runtime_apis!(polkadot_bulletin, grandpa);
-decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(polkadot_bulletin);
+decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!(polkadot_bulletin, bp_messages::HashedLaneId);
diff --git a/bridges/modules/grandpa/src/lib.rs b/bridges/modules/grandpa/src/lib.rs
index dff4b98fd91904260545e581562668ab5be40b4a..22a15ec4062f723223ce80cd9b18bd2a11914327 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/grandpa/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/grandpa/src/lib.rs
@@ -728,15 +728,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			init_params;
 		let authority_set_length = authority_list.len();
 		let authority_set = StoredAuthoritySet::<T, I>::try_new(authority_list, set_id)
-			.map_err(|e| {
+			.inspect_err(|_| {
 				log::error!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
 					"Failed to initialize bridge. Number of authorities in the set {} is larger than the configured value {}",
 					authority_set_length,
 					T::BridgedChain::MAX_AUTHORITIES_COUNT,
 				);
-
-				e
 			})?;
 		let initial_hash = header.hash();
 
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/benchmarking.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/benchmarking.rs
index b3a4447fb0211737cc5410a11c87dca9e12d8d80..355fb08ab28ae4eb063ee8bc1a826b5cf8a2654b 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/benchmarking.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/benchmarking.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use crate::{
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof,
 	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages,
-	InboundLaneData, LaneId, LaneState, MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData, UnrewardedRelayer,
+	InboundLaneData, LaneState, MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData, UnrewardedRelayer,
 	UnrewardedRelayersState,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{AccountIdOf, HashOf, UnverifiedStorageProofParams};
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ pub struct Pallet<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()>(crate::Pallet<T, I>);
 
 /// Benchmark-specific message proof parameters.
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct MessageProofParams {
+pub struct MessageProofParams<LaneId> {
 	/// Id of the lane.
 	pub lane: LaneId,
 	/// Range of messages to include in the proof.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pub struct MessageProofParams {
 
 /// Benchmark-specific message delivery proof parameters.
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct MessageDeliveryProofParams<ThisChainAccountId> {
+pub struct MessageDeliveryProofParams<ThisChainAccountId, LaneId> {
 	/// Id of the lane.
 	pub lane: LaneId,
 	/// The proof needs to include this inbound lane data.
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ pub struct MessageDeliveryProofParams<ThisChainAccountId> {
 /// Trait that must be implemented by runtime.
 pub trait Config<I: 'static>: crate::Config<I> {
 	/// Lane id to use in benchmarks.
-	fn bench_lane_id() -> LaneId {
-		LaneId::new(1, 2)
+	fn bench_lane_id() -> Self::LaneId {
+		Self::LaneId::default()
 	}
 
 	/// Return id of relayer account at the bridged chain.
@@ -94,12 +94,12 @@ pub trait Config<I: 'static>: crate::Config<I> {
 
 	/// Prepare messages proof to receive by the module.
 	fn prepare_message_proof(
-		params: MessageProofParams,
-	) -> (FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<Self, I>>>, Weight);
+		params: MessageProofParams<Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> (FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<Self, I>>, Self::LaneId>, Weight);
 	/// Prepare messages delivery proof to receive by the module.
 	fn prepare_message_delivery_proof(
-		params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<Self::AccountId>,
-	) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<Self, I>>>;
+		params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<Self::AccountId, Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<Self, I>>, Self::LaneId>;
 
 	/// Returns true if message has been successfully dispatched or not.
 	fn is_message_successfully_dispatched(_nonce: MessageNonce) -> bool {
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/call_ext.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/call_ext.rs
index 8e021c8e5e242a6b89873b6178bdee6279d3b626..9e5f5f8d1129ed249b485f6c7662890deb1e8a4c 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/call_ext.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/call_ext.rs
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ use crate::{BridgedChainOf, Config, InboundLanes, OutboundLanes, Pallet, LOG_TAR
 
 use bp_messages::{
 	target_chain::MessageDispatch, BaseMessagesProofInfo, ChainWithMessages, InboundLaneData,
-	LaneId, MessageNonce, MessagesCallInfo, ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo,
-	ReceiveMessagesProofInfo, UnrewardedRelayerOccupation,
+	MessageNonce, MessagesCallInfo, ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo, ReceiveMessagesProofInfo,
+	UnrewardedRelayerOccupation,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{AccountIdOf, OwnedBridgeModule};
 use frame_support::{dispatch::CallableCallFor, traits::IsSubType};
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> CallHelper<T, I> {
 	///
 	/// - call is `receive_messages_delivery_proof` and all messages confirmations have been
 	///   received.
-	pub fn was_successful(info: &MessagesCallInfo) -> bool {
+	pub fn was_successful(info: &MessagesCallInfo<T::LaneId>) -> bool {
 		match info {
 			MessagesCallInfo::ReceiveMessagesProof(info) => {
 				let inbound_lane_data = match InboundLanes::<T, I>::get(info.base.lane_id) {
@@ -75,19 +75,21 @@ pub trait CallSubType<T: Config<I, RuntimeCall = Self>, I: 'static>:
 	IsSubType<CallableCallFor<Pallet<T, I>, T>>
 {
 	/// Create a new instance of `ReceiveMessagesProofInfo` from a `ReceiveMessagesProof` call.
-	fn receive_messages_proof_info(&self) -> Option<ReceiveMessagesProofInfo>;
+	fn receive_messages_proof_info(&self) -> Option<ReceiveMessagesProofInfo<T::LaneId>>;
 
 	/// Create a new instance of `ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo` from
 	/// a `ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof` call.
-	fn receive_messages_delivery_proof_info(&self) -> Option<ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo>;
+	fn receive_messages_delivery_proof_info(
+		&self,
+	) -> Option<ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo<T::LaneId>>;
 
 	/// Create a new instance of `MessagesCallInfo` from a `ReceiveMessagesProof`
 	/// or a `ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof` call.
-	fn call_info(&self) -> Option<MessagesCallInfo>;
+	fn call_info(&self) -> Option<MessagesCallInfo<T::LaneId>>;
 
 	/// Create a new instance of `MessagesCallInfo` from a `ReceiveMessagesProof`
 	/// or a `ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof` call, if the call is for the provided lane.
-	fn call_info_for(&self, lane_id: LaneId) -> Option<MessagesCallInfo>;
+	fn call_info_for(&self, lane_id: T::LaneId) -> Option<MessagesCallInfo<T::LaneId>>;
 
 	/// Ensures that a `ReceiveMessagesProof` or a `ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof` call:
 	///
@@ -114,7 +116,7 @@ impl<
 		I: 'static,
 	> CallSubType<T, I> for T::RuntimeCall
 {
-	fn receive_messages_proof_info(&self) -> Option<ReceiveMessagesProofInfo> {
+	fn receive_messages_proof_info(&self) -> Option<ReceiveMessagesProofInfo<T::LaneId>> {
 		if let Some(crate::Call::<T, I>::receive_messages_proof { ref proof, .. }) =
 			self.is_sub_type()
 		{
@@ -135,7 +137,9 @@ impl<
 		None
 	}
 
-	fn receive_messages_delivery_proof_info(&self) -> Option<ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo> {
+	fn receive_messages_delivery_proof_info(
+		&self,
+	) -> Option<ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo<T::LaneId>> {
 		if let Some(crate::Call::<T, I>::receive_messages_delivery_proof {
 			ref proof,
 			ref relayers_state,
@@ -159,7 +163,7 @@ impl<
 		None
 	}
 
-	fn call_info(&self) -> Option<MessagesCallInfo> {
+	fn call_info(&self) -> Option<MessagesCallInfo<T::LaneId>> {
 		if let Some(info) = self.receive_messages_proof_info() {
 			return Some(MessagesCallInfo::ReceiveMessagesProof(info))
 		}
@@ -171,7 +175,7 @@ impl<
 		None
 	}
 
-	fn call_info_for(&self, lane_id: LaneId) -> Option<MessagesCallInfo> {
+	fn call_info_for(&self, lane_id: T::LaneId) -> Option<MessagesCallInfo<T::LaneId>> {
 		self.call_info().filter(|info| {
 			let actual_lane_id = match info {
 				MessagesCallInfo::ReceiveMessagesProof(info) => info.base.lane_id,
@@ -251,10 +255,6 @@ mod tests {
 	};
 	use sp_std::ops::RangeInclusive;
 
-	fn test_lane_id() -> LaneId {
-		LaneId::new(1, 2)
-	}
-
 	fn fill_unrewarded_relayers() {
 		let mut inbound_lane_state = InboundLanes::<TestRuntime>::get(test_lane_id()).unwrap();
 		for n in 0..BridgedChain::MAX_UNREWARDED_RELAYERS_IN_CONFIRMATION_TX {
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/inbound_lane.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/inbound_lane.rs
index 65240feb7194aaef83ed5e2268f3fa44a4f739a6..91f1159f8f9152e0ba7025762eeafb06999b5acb 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/inbound_lane.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/inbound_lane.rs
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ use crate::{BridgedChainOf, Config};
 
 use bp_messages::{
 	target_chain::{DispatchMessage, DispatchMessageData, MessageDispatch},
-	ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, InboundLaneData, LaneId, LaneState, MessageKey,
-	MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData, ReceptionResult, UnrewardedRelayer,
+	ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, InboundLaneData, LaneState, MessageKey, MessageNonce,
+	OutboundLaneData, ReceptionResult, UnrewardedRelayer,
 };
 use bp_runtime::AccountIdOf;
 use codec::{Decode, Encode, EncodeLike, MaxEncodedLen};
@@ -33,9 +33,11 @@ use sp_std::prelude::PartialEq;
 pub trait InboundLaneStorage {
 	/// Id of relayer on source chain.
 	type Relayer: Clone + PartialEq;
+	/// Lane identifier type.
+	type LaneId: Encode;
 
 	/// Lane id.
-	fn id(&self) -> LaneId;
+	fn id(&self) -> Self::LaneId;
 	/// Return maximal number of unrewarded relayer entries in inbound lane.
 	fn max_unrewarded_relayer_entries(&self) -> MessageNonce;
 	/// Return maximal number of unconfirmed messages in inbound lane.
@@ -181,7 +183,7 @@ impl<S: InboundLaneStorage> InboundLane<S> {
 	}
 
 	/// Receive new message.
-	pub fn receive_message<Dispatch: MessageDispatch>(
+	pub fn receive_message<Dispatch: MessageDispatch<LaneId = S::LaneId>>(
 		&mut self,
 		relayer_at_bridged_chain: &S::Relayer,
 		nonce: MessageNonce,
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/lanes_manager.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/lanes_manager.rs
index 4f5ac1c0a40325d9f15279bc84a3753e185b92fc..27cab48535d7bc354d31a7f11ac616edf7e879d1 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/lanes_manager.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/lanes_manager.rs
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ use crate::{
 };
 
 use bp_messages::{
-	target_chain::MessageDispatch, ChainWithMessages, InboundLaneData, LaneId, LaneState,
-	MessageKey, MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData,
+	target_chain::MessageDispatch, ChainWithMessages, InboundLaneData, LaneState, MessageKey,
+	MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData,
 };
 use bp_runtime::AccountIdOf;
 use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> LanesManager<T, I> {
 	/// Create new inbound lane in `Opened` state.
 	pub fn create_inbound_lane(
 		&self,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	) -> Result<InboundLane<RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, LanesManagerError> {
 		InboundLanes::<T, I>::try_mutate(lane_id, |lane| match lane {
 			Some(_) => Err(LanesManagerError::InboundLaneAlreadyExists),
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> LanesManager<T, I> {
 	/// Create new outbound lane in `Opened` state.
 	pub fn create_outbound_lane(
 		&self,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	) -> Result<OutboundLane<RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, LanesManagerError> {
 		OutboundLanes::<T, I>::try_mutate(lane_id, |lane| match lane {
 			Some(_) => Err(LanesManagerError::OutboundLaneAlreadyExists),
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> LanesManager<T, I> {
 	/// Get existing inbound lane, checking that it is in usable state.
 	pub fn active_inbound_lane(
 		&self,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	) -> Result<InboundLane<RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, LanesManagerError> {
 		Ok(InboundLane::new(RuntimeInboundLaneStorage::from_lane_id(lane_id, true)?))
 	}
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> LanesManager<T, I> {
 	/// Get existing outbound lane, checking that it is in usable state.
 	pub fn active_outbound_lane(
 		&self,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	) -> Result<OutboundLane<RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, LanesManagerError> {
 		Ok(OutboundLane::new(RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage::from_lane_id(lane_id, true)?))
 	}
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> LanesManager<T, I> {
 	/// Get existing inbound lane without any additional state checks.
 	pub fn any_state_inbound_lane(
 		&self,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	) -> Result<InboundLane<RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, LanesManagerError> {
 		Ok(InboundLane::new(RuntimeInboundLaneStorage::from_lane_id(lane_id, false)?))
 	}
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> LanesManager<T, I> {
 	/// Get existing outbound lane without any additional state checks.
 	pub fn any_state_outbound_lane(
 		&self,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	) -> Result<OutboundLane<RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, LanesManagerError> {
 		Ok(OutboundLane::new(RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage::from_lane_id(lane_id, false)?))
 	}
@@ -135,14 +135,14 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> LanesManager<T, I> {
 
 /// Runtime inbound lane storage.
 pub struct RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> {
-	pub(crate) lane_id: LaneId,
+	pub(crate) lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	pub(crate) cached_data: InboundLaneData<AccountIdOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>,
 }
 
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T, I> {
 	/// Creates new runtime inbound lane storage for given **existing** lane.
 	fn from_lane_id(
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: T::LaneId,
 		check_active: bool,
 	) -> Result<RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T, I>, LanesManagerError> {
 		let cached_data =
@@ -196,8 +196,9 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T, I> {
 
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> InboundLaneStorage for RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T, I> {
 	type Relayer = AccountIdOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>;
+	type LaneId = T::LaneId;
 
-	fn id(&self) -> LaneId {
+	fn id(&self) -> Self::LaneId {
 		self.lane_id
 	}
 
@@ -225,15 +226,15 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> InboundLaneStorage for RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<
 
 /// Runtime outbound lane storage.
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I = ()> {
-	pub(crate) lane_id: LaneId,
+pub struct RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> {
+	pub(crate) lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	pub(crate) cached_data: OutboundLaneData,
 	pub(crate) _phantom: PhantomData<(T, I)>,
 }
 
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I> {
 	/// Creates new runtime outbound lane storage for given **existing** lane.
-	fn from_lane_id(lane_id: LaneId, check_active: bool) -> Result<Self, LanesManagerError> {
+	fn from_lane_id(lane_id: T::LaneId, check_active: bool) -> Result<Self, LanesManagerError> {
 		let cached_data =
 			OutboundLanes::<T, I>::get(lane_id).ok_or(LanesManagerError::UnknownOutboundLane)?;
 		ensure!(
@@ -246,8 +247,9 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I> {
 
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> OutboundLaneStorage for RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I> {
 	type StoredMessagePayload = StoredMessagePayload<T, I>;
+	type LaneId = T::LaneId;
 
-	fn id(&self) -> LaneId {
+	fn id(&self) -> Self::LaneId {
 		self.lane_id
 	}
 
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/lib.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/lib.rs
index b7fe1c7dbb19f029de81bd2cd42548a612e1980a..af14257db99c1cf0882f4f1a5a94329b194d1977 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/lib.rs
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ use bp_messages::{
 		DeliveryPayments, DispatchMessage, FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, MessageDispatch,
 		ProvedLaneMessages, ProvedMessages,
 	},
-	ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, InboundLaneData, InboundMessageDetails, LaneId,
-	MessageKey, MessageNonce, MessagePayload, MessagesOperatingMode, OutboundLaneData,
-	OutboundMessageDetails, UnrewardedRelayersState, VerificationError,
+	ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, InboundLaneData, InboundMessageDetails, MessageKey,
+	MessageNonce, MessagePayload, MessagesOperatingMode, OutboundLaneData, OutboundMessageDetails,
+	UnrewardedRelayersState, VerificationError,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{
 	AccountIdOf, BasicOperatingMode, HashOf, OwnedBridgeModule, PreComputedSize, RangeInclusiveExt,
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ pub const LOG_TARGET: &str = "runtime::bridge-messages";
 #[frame_support::pallet]
 pub mod pallet {
 	use super::*;
-	use bp_messages::{ReceivedMessages, ReceptionResult};
+	use bp_messages::{LaneIdType, ReceivedMessages, ReceptionResult};
 	use bp_runtime::RangeInclusiveExt;
 	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
 	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
@@ -123,17 +123,25 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		type OutboundPayload: Parameter + Size;
 		/// Payload type of inbound messages. This payload is dispatched on this chain.
 		type InboundPayload: Decode;
+		/// Lane identifier type.
+		type LaneId: LaneIdType;
 
 		/// Handler for relayer payments that happen during message delivery transaction.
 		type DeliveryPayments: DeliveryPayments<Self::AccountId>;
 		/// Handler for relayer payments that happen during message delivery confirmation
 		/// transaction.
-		type DeliveryConfirmationPayments: DeliveryConfirmationPayments<Self::AccountId>;
+		type DeliveryConfirmationPayments: DeliveryConfirmationPayments<
+			Self::AccountId,
+			Self::LaneId,
+		>;
 		/// Delivery confirmation callback.
-		type OnMessagesDelivered: OnMessagesDelivered;
+		type OnMessagesDelivered: OnMessagesDelivered<Self::LaneId>;
 
 		/// Message dispatch handler.
-		type MessageDispatch: MessageDispatch<DispatchPayload = Self::InboundPayload>;
+		type MessageDispatch: MessageDispatch<
+			DispatchPayload = Self::InboundPayload,
+			LaneId = Self::LaneId,
+		>;
 	}
 
 	/// Shortcut to this chain type for Config.
@@ -142,6 +150,8 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	pub type BridgedChainOf<T, I> = <T as Config<I>>::BridgedChain;
 	/// Shortcut to bridged header chain type for Config.
 	pub type BridgedHeaderChainOf<T, I> = <T as Config<I>>::BridgedHeaderChain;
+	/// Shortcut to lane identifier type for Config.
+	pub type LaneIdOf<T, I> = <T as Config<I>>::LaneId;
 
 	#[pallet::pallet]
 	#[pallet::storage_version(migration::STORAGE_VERSION)]
@@ -203,7 +213,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		pub fn receive_messages_proof(
 			origin: OriginFor<T>,
 			relayer_id_at_bridged_chain: AccountIdOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>,
-			proof: Box<FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>>,
+			proof: Box<FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>, T::LaneId>>,
 			messages_count: u32,
 			dispatch_weight: Weight,
 		) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
@@ -350,7 +360,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		))]
 		pub fn receive_messages_delivery_proof(
 			origin: OriginFor<T>,
-			proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>,
+			proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>, T::LaneId>,
 			mut relayers_state: UnrewardedRelayersState,
 		) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
 			Self::ensure_not_halted().map_err(Error::<T, I>::BridgeModule)?;
@@ -387,7 +397,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				// emit 'delivered' event
 				let received_range = confirmed_messages.begin..=confirmed_messages.end;
 				Self::deposit_event(Event::MessagesDelivered {
-					lane_id,
+					lane_id: lane_id.into(),
 					messages: confirmed_messages,
 				});
 
@@ -441,19 +451,22 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// Message has been accepted and is waiting to be delivered.
 		MessageAccepted {
 			/// Lane, which has accepted the message.
-			lane_id: LaneId,
+			lane_id: T::LaneId,
 			/// Nonce of accepted message.
 			nonce: MessageNonce,
 		},
 		/// Messages have been received from the bridged chain.
 		MessagesReceived(
 			/// Result of received messages dispatch.
-			ReceivedMessages<<T::MessageDispatch as MessageDispatch>::DispatchLevelResult>,
+			ReceivedMessages<
+				<T::MessageDispatch as MessageDispatch>::DispatchLevelResult,
+				T::LaneId,
+			>,
 		),
 		/// Messages in the inclusive range have been delivered to the bridged chain.
 		MessagesDelivered {
 			/// Lane for which the delivery has been confirmed.
-			lane_id: LaneId,
+			lane_id: T::LaneId,
 			/// Delivered messages.
 			messages: DeliveredMessages,
 		},
@@ -510,13 +523,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	/// Map of lane id => inbound lane data.
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	pub type InboundLanes<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> =
-		StorageMap<_, Blake2_128Concat, LaneId, StoredInboundLaneData<T, I>, OptionQuery>;
+		StorageMap<_, Blake2_128Concat, T::LaneId, StoredInboundLaneData<T, I>, OptionQuery>;
 
 	/// Map of lane id => outbound lane data.
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	pub type OutboundLanes<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> = StorageMap<
 		Hasher = Blake2_128Concat,
-		Key = LaneId,
+		Key = T::LaneId,
 		Value = OutboundLaneData,
 		QueryKind = OptionQuery,
 	>;
@@ -524,7 +537,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	/// All queued outbound messages.
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	pub type OutboundMessages<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> =
-		StorageMap<_, Blake2_128Concat, MessageKey, StoredMessagePayload<T, I>>;
+		StorageMap<_, Blake2_128Concat, MessageKey<T::LaneId>, StoredMessagePayload<T, I>>;
 
 	#[pallet::genesis_config]
 	#[derive(DefaultNoBound)]
@@ -534,7 +547,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// Initial pallet owner.
 		pub owner: Option<T::AccountId>,
 		/// Opened lanes.
-		pub opened_lanes: Vec<LaneId>,
+		pub opened_lanes: Vec<T::LaneId>,
 		/// Dummy marker.
 		#[serde(skip)]
 		pub _phantom: sp_std::marker::PhantomData<I>,
@@ -565,13 +578,16 @@ pub mod pallet {
 
 	impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> Pallet<T, I> {
 		/// Get stored data of the outbound message with given nonce.
-		pub fn outbound_message_data(lane: LaneId, nonce: MessageNonce) -> Option<MessagePayload> {
+		pub fn outbound_message_data(
+			lane: T::LaneId,
+			nonce: MessageNonce,
+		) -> Option<MessagePayload> {
 			OutboundMessages::<T, I>::get(MessageKey { lane_id: lane, nonce }).map(Into::into)
 		}
 
 		/// Prepare data, related to given inbound message.
 		pub fn inbound_message_data(
-			lane: LaneId,
+			lane: T::LaneId,
 			payload: MessagePayload,
 			outbound_details: OutboundMessageDetails,
 		) -> InboundMessageDetails {
@@ -585,13 +601,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		}
 
 		/// Return outbound lane data.
-		pub fn outbound_lane_data(lane: LaneId) -> Option<OutboundLaneData> {
+		pub fn outbound_lane_data(lane: T::LaneId) -> Option<OutboundLaneData> {
 			OutboundLanes::<T, I>::get(lane)
 		}
 
 		/// Return inbound lane data.
 		pub fn inbound_lane_data(
-			lane: LaneId,
+			lane: T::LaneId,
 		) -> Option<InboundLaneData<AccountIdOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>> {
 			InboundLanes::<T, I>::get(lane).map(|lane| lane.0)
 		}
@@ -654,12 +670,12 @@ pub mod pallet {
 /// to send it on the bridge.
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct SendMessageArgs<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> {
-	lane_id: LaneId,
+	lane_id: T::LaneId,
 	lane: OutboundLane<RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I>>,
 	payload: StoredMessagePayload<T, I>,
 }
 
-impl<T, I> bp_messages::source_chain::MessagesBridge<T::OutboundPayload> for Pallet<T, I>
+impl<T, I> bp_messages::source_chain::MessagesBridge<T::OutboundPayload, T::LaneId> for Pallet<T, I>
 where
 	T: Config<I>,
 	I: 'static,
@@ -668,7 +684,7 @@ where
 	type SendMessageArgs = SendMessageArgs<T, I>;
 
 	fn validate_message(
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: T::LaneId,
 		message: &T::OutboundPayload,
 	) -> Result<SendMessageArgs<T, I>, Self::Error> {
 		// we can't accept any messages if the pallet is halted
@@ -703,7 +719,10 @@ where
 			message_len,
 		);
 
-		Pallet::<T, I>::deposit_event(Event::MessageAccepted { lane_id: args.lane_id, nonce });
+		Pallet::<T, I>::deposit_event(Event::MessageAccepted {
+			lane_id: args.lane_id.into(),
+			nonce,
+		});
 
 		SendMessageArtifacts { nonce, enqueued_messages }
 	}
@@ -722,7 +741,7 @@ fn ensure_normal_operating_mode<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>() -> Result<(), Error<
 
 /// Creates new inbound lane object, backed by runtime storage. Lane must be active.
 fn active_inbound_lane<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
-	lane_id: LaneId,
+	lane_id: T::LaneId,
 ) -> Result<InboundLane<RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, Error<T, I>> {
 	LanesManager::<T, I>::new()
 		.active_inbound_lane(lane_id)
@@ -731,7 +750,7 @@ fn active_inbound_lane<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
 
 /// Creates new outbound lane object, backed by runtime storage. Lane must be active.
 fn active_outbound_lane<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
-	lane_id: LaneId,
+	lane_id: T::LaneId,
 ) -> Result<OutboundLane<RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, Error<T, I>> {
 	LanesManager::<T, I>::new()
 		.active_outbound_lane(lane_id)
@@ -740,7 +759,7 @@ fn active_outbound_lane<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
 
 /// Creates new outbound lane object, backed by runtime storage.
 fn any_state_outbound_lane<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
-	lane_id: LaneId,
+	lane_id: T::LaneId,
 ) -> Result<OutboundLane<RuntimeOutboundLaneStorage<T, I>>, Error<T, I>> {
 	LanesManager::<T, I>::new()
 		.any_state_outbound_lane(lane_id)
@@ -749,9 +768,12 @@ fn any_state_outbound_lane<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
 
 /// Verify messages proof and return proved messages with decoded payload.
 fn verify_and_decode_messages_proof<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
-	proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>,
+	proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>, T::LaneId>,
 	messages_count: u32,
-) -> Result<ProvedMessages<DispatchMessage<T::InboundPayload>>, VerificationError> {
+) -> Result<
+	ProvedMessages<T::LaneId, DispatchMessage<T::InboundPayload, T::LaneId>>,
+	VerificationError,
+> {
 	// `receive_messages_proof` weight formula and `MAX_UNCONFIRMED_MESSAGES_IN_CONFIRMATION_TX`
 	// check guarantees that the `message_count` is sane and Vec<Message> may be allocated.
 	// (tx with too many messages will either be rejected from the pool, or will fail earlier)
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/outbound_lane.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/outbound_lane.rs
index f71240ab7c703203d97294e1a0639059413f25cb..c72713e7455a648622e9432a5c0c7bbd29b118b7 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/outbound_lane.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/outbound_lane.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 use crate::{Config, LOG_TARGET};
 
 use bp_messages::{
-	ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, LaneId, LaneState, MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData,
+	ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, LaneState, MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData,
 	UnrewardedRelayer,
 };
 use codec::{Decode, Encode};
@@ -32,9 +32,11 @@ use sp_std::{collections::vec_deque::VecDeque, marker::PhantomData, ops::RangeIn
 pub trait OutboundLaneStorage {
 	/// Stored message payload type.
 	type StoredMessagePayload;
+	/// Lane identifier type.
+	type LaneId: Encode;
 
 	/// Lane id.
-	fn id(&self) -> LaneId;
+	fn id(&self) -> Self::LaneId;
 	/// Get lane data from the storage.
 	fn data(&self) -> OutboundLaneData;
 	/// Update lane data in the storage.
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/proofs.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/proofs.rs
index f35eb24d98c5d7ad178c4d2e6791c98c044b7600..dcd642341d7763d52bba1f1023b91ec241aa3c24 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/proofs.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/proofs.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use bp_header_chain::{HeaderChain, HeaderChainError};
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof,
 	target_chain::{FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, ProvedLaneMessages, ProvedMessages},
-	ChainWithMessages, InboundLaneData, LaneId, Message, MessageKey, MessageNonce, MessagePayload,
+	ChainWithMessages, InboundLaneData, Message, MessageKey, MessageNonce, MessagePayload,
 	OutboundLaneData, VerificationError,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ use codec::Decode;
 use sp_std::vec::Vec;
 
 /// 'Parsed' message delivery proof - inbound lane id and its state.
-pub(crate) type ParsedMessagesDeliveryProofFromBridgedChain<T> =
-	(LaneId, InboundLaneData<<T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId>);
+pub(crate) type ParsedMessagesDeliveryProofFromBridgedChain<T, I> =
+	(<T as Config<I>>::LaneId, InboundLaneData<<T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId>);
 
 /// Verify proof of Bridged -> This chain messages.
 ///
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ pub(crate) type ParsedMessagesDeliveryProofFromBridgedChain<T> =
 /// outside of this function. This function only verifies that the proof declares exactly
 /// `messages_count` messages.
 pub fn verify_messages_proof<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
-	proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>,
+	proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>, T::LaneId>,
 	messages_count: u32,
-) -> Result<ProvedMessages<Message>, VerificationError> {
+) -> Result<ProvedMessages<T::LaneId, Message<T::LaneId>>, VerificationError> {
 	let FromBridgedChainMessagesProof {
 		bridged_header_hash,
 		storage_proof,
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ pub fn verify_messages_proof<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
 
 /// Verify proof of This -> Bridged chain messages delivery.
 pub fn verify_messages_delivery_proof<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>(
-	proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>,
-) -> Result<ParsedMessagesDeliveryProofFromBridgedChain<T>, VerificationError> {
+	proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>, T::LaneId>,
+) -> Result<ParsedMessagesDeliveryProofFromBridgedChain<T, I>, VerificationError> {
 	let FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof { bridged_header_hash, storage_proof, lane } = proof;
 	let mut parser: MessagesStorageProofAdapter<T, I> =
 		MessagesStorageProofAdapter::try_new_with_verified_storage_proof(
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ trait StorageProofAdapter<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> {
 
 	fn read_and_decode_outbound_lane_data(
 		&mut self,
-		lane_id: &LaneId,
+		lane_id: &T::LaneId,
 	) -> Result<Option<OutboundLaneData>, StorageProofError> {
 		let storage_outbound_lane_data_key = bp_messages::storage_keys::outbound_lane_data_key(
 			T::ThisChain::WITH_CHAIN_MESSAGES_PALLET_NAME,
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ trait StorageProofAdapter<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> {
 
 	fn read_and_decode_message_payload(
 		&mut self,
-		message_key: &MessageKey,
+		message_key: &MessageKey<T::LaneId>,
 	) -> Result<MessagePayload, StorageProofError> {
 		let storage_message_key = bp_messages::storage_keys::message_key(
 			T::ThisChain::WITH_CHAIN_MESSAGES_PALLET_NAME,
@@ -229,19 +229,20 @@ mod tests {
 		encode_outbound_lane_data: impl Fn(&OutboundLaneData) -> Vec<u8>,
 		add_duplicate_key: bool,
 		add_unused_key: bool,
-		test: impl Fn(FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash>) -> R,
+		test: impl Fn(FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType>) -> R,
 	) -> R {
-		let (state_root, storage_proof) = prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChain>(
-			test_lane_id(),
-			1..=nonces_end,
-			outbound_lane_data,
-			bp_runtime::UnverifiedStorageProofParams::default(),
-			generate_dummy_message,
-			encode_message,
-			encode_outbound_lane_data,
-			add_duplicate_key,
-			add_unused_key,
-		);
+		let (state_root, storage_proof) =
+			prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChain, TestLaneIdType>(
+				test_lane_id(),
+				1..=nonces_end,
+				outbound_lane_data,
+				bp_runtime::UnverifiedStorageProofParams::default(),
+				generate_dummy_message,
+				encode_message,
+				encode_outbound_lane_data,
+				add_duplicate_key,
+				add_unused_key,
+			);
 
 		sp_io::TestExternalities::new(Default::default()).execute_with(move || {
 			let bridged_header = BridgedChainHeader::new(
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/messages_generation.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/messages_generation.rs
index 6c4867fa6de39fa97b35cbd1f270bdeff4c76dff..00b1d3eefe43b176b31bf4b13e426a6bcb5319e3 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/messages_generation.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/messages_generation.rs
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 //! Helpers for generating message storage proofs, that are used by tests and by benchmarks.
 
 use bp_messages::{
-	storage_keys, ChainWithMessages, InboundLaneData, LaneId, MessageKey, MessageNonce,
-	MessagePayload, OutboundLaneData,
+	storage_keys, ChainWithMessages, InboundLaneData, MessageKey, MessageNonce, MessagePayload,
+	OutboundLaneData,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{
 	grow_storage_value, record_all_trie_keys, AccountIdOf, Chain, HashOf, HasherOf,
@@ -47,7 +47,11 @@ pub fn encode_lane_data(d: &OutboundLaneData) -> Vec<u8> {
 ///
 /// Returns state trie root and nodes with prepared messages.
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-pub fn prepare_messages_storage_proof<BridgedChain: Chain, ThisChain: ChainWithMessages>(
+pub fn prepare_messages_storage_proof<
+	BridgedChain: Chain,
+	ThisChain: ChainWithMessages,
+	LaneId: Encode + Copy,
+>(
 	lane: LaneId,
 	message_nonces: RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>,
 	outbound_lane_data: Option<OutboundLaneData>,
@@ -132,7 +136,11 @@ where
 /// Prepare storage proof of given messages delivery.
 ///
 /// Returns state trie root and nodes with prepared messages.
-pub fn prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof<BridgedChain: Chain, ThisChain: ChainWithMessages>(
+pub fn prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof<
+	BridgedChain: Chain,
+	ThisChain: ChainWithMessages,
+	LaneId: Encode,
+>(
 	lane: LaneId,
 	inbound_lane_data: InboundLaneData<AccountIdOf<ThisChain>>,
 	proof_params: UnverifiedStorageProofParams,
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/mock.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/mock.rs
index 2caea9813e8277c6989e8815aae280cde993c33c..2935ebd69610f6138c18c22d2c548e2f670487a2 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/mock.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/mock.rs
@@ -35,8 +35,9 @@ use bp_messages::{
 		DeliveryPayments, DispatchMessage, DispatchMessageData, FromBridgedChainMessagesProof,
 		MessageDispatch,
 	},
-	ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, InboundLaneData, LaneId, LaneState, Message, MessageKey,
-	MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData, UnrewardedRelayer, UnrewardedRelayersState,
+	ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, HashedLaneId, InboundLaneData, LaneIdType, LaneState,
+	Message, MessageKey, MessageNonce, OutboundLaneData, UnrewardedRelayer,
+	UnrewardedRelayersState,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{
 	messages::MessageDispatchResult, Chain, ChainId, Size, UnverifiedStorageProofParams,
@@ -195,10 +196,10 @@ impl Config for TestRuntime {
 	type BridgedHeaderChain = BridgedChainGrandpa;
 
 	type OutboundPayload = TestPayload;
-
 	type InboundPayload = TestPayload;
-	type DeliveryPayments = TestDeliveryPayments;
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
+	type DeliveryPayments = TestDeliveryPayments;
 	type DeliveryConfirmationPayments = TestDeliveryConfirmationPayments;
 	type OnMessagesDelivered = TestOnMessagesDelivered;
 
@@ -207,13 +208,13 @@ impl Config for TestRuntime {
 
 #[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 impl crate::benchmarking::Config<()> for TestRuntime {
-	fn bench_lane_id() -> LaneId {
+	fn bench_lane_id() -> Self::LaneId {
 		test_lane_id()
 	}
 
 	fn prepare_message_proof(
-		params: crate::benchmarking::MessageProofParams,
-	) -> (FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash>, Weight) {
+		params: crate::benchmarking::MessageProofParams<Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> (FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash, Self::LaneId>, Weight) {
 		use bp_runtime::RangeInclusiveExt;
 
 		let dispatch_weight =
@@ -228,8 +229,8 @@ impl crate::benchmarking::Config<()> for TestRuntime {
 	}
 
 	fn prepare_message_delivery_proof(
-		params: crate::benchmarking::MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountId>,
-	) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash> {
+		params: crate::benchmarking::MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountId, Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash, Self::LaneId> {
 		// in mock run we only care about benchmarks correctness, not the benchmark results
 		// => ignore size related arguments
 		prepare_messages_delivery_proof(params.lane, params.inbound_lane_data)
@@ -258,19 +259,21 @@ pub const TEST_RELAYER_B: AccountId = 101;
 /// Account id of additional test relayer - C.
 pub const TEST_RELAYER_C: AccountId = 102;
 
+/// Lane identifier type used for tests.
+pub type TestLaneIdType = HashedLaneId;
 /// Lane that we're using in tests.
-pub fn test_lane_id() -> LaneId {
-	LaneId::new(1, 2)
+pub fn test_lane_id() -> TestLaneIdType {
+	TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap()
 }
 
 /// Lane that is completely unknown to our runtime.
-pub fn unknown_lane_id() -> LaneId {
-	LaneId::new(1, 3)
+pub fn unknown_lane_id() -> TestLaneIdType {
+	TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 3).unwrap()
 }
 
 /// Lane that is registered, but it is closed.
-pub fn closed_lane_id() -> LaneId {
-	LaneId::new(1, 4)
+pub fn closed_lane_id() -> TestLaneIdType {
+	TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 4).unwrap()
 }
 
 /// Regular message payload.
@@ -316,11 +319,11 @@ impl TestDeliveryConfirmationPayments {
 	}
 }
 
-impl DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId> for TestDeliveryConfirmationPayments {
+impl DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId, TestLaneIdType> for TestDeliveryConfirmationPayments {
 	type Error = &'static str;
 
 	fn pay_reward(
-		_lane_id: LaneId,
+		_lane_id: TestLaneIdType,
 		messages_relayers: VecDeque<UnrewardedRelayer<AccountId>>,
 		_confirmation_relayer: &AccountId,
 		received_range: &RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>,
@@ -341,7 +344,7 @@ impl DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId> for TestDeliveryConfirmationPayment
 pub struct TestMessageDispatch;
 
 impl TestMessageDispatch {
-	pub fn deactivate(lane: LaneId) {
+	pub fn deactivate(lane: TestLaneIdType) {
 		// "enqueue" enough (to deactivate dispatcher) messages at dispatcher
 		let latest_received_nonce = BridgedChain::MAX_UNCONFIRMED_MESSAGES_IN_CONFIRMATION_TX + 1;
 		for _ in 1..=latest_received_nonce {
@@ -349,7 +352,7 @@ impl TestMessageDispatch {
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn emulate_enqueued_message(lane: LaneId) {
+	pub fn emulate_enqueued_message(lane: TestLaneIdType) {
 		let key = (b"dispatched", lane).encode();
 		let dispatched = frame_support::storage::unhashed::get_or_default::<MessageNonce>(&key[..]);
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::put(&key[..], &(dispatched + 1));
@@ -359,14 +362,15 @@ impl TestMessageDispatch {
 impl MessageDispatch for TestMessageDispatch {
 	type DispatchPayload = TestPayload;
 	type DispatchLevelResult = TestDispatchLevelResult;
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
-	fn is_active(lane: LaneId) -> bool {
+	fn is_active(lane: Self::LaneId) -> bool {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::get_or_default::<MessageNonce>(
 			&(b"dispatched", lane).encode()[..],
 		) <= BridgedChain::MAX_UNCONFIRMED_MESSAGES_IN_CONFIRMATION_TX
 	}
 
-	fn dispatch_weight(message: &mut DispatchMessage<TestPayload>) -> Weight {
+	fn dispatch_weight(message: &mut DispatchMessage<TestPayload, Self::LaneId>) -> Weight {
 		match message.data.payload.as_ref() {
 			Ok(payload) => payload.declared_weight,
 			Err(_) => Weight::zero(),
@@ -374,7 +378,7 @@ impl MessageDispatch for TestMessageDispatch {
 	}
 
 	fn dispatch(
-		message: DispatchMessage<TestPayload>,
+		message: DispatchMessage<TestPayload, Self::LaneId>,
 	) -> MessageDispatchResult<TestDispatchLevelResult> {
 		match message.data.payload.as_ref() {
 			Ok(payload) => {
@@ -390,13 +394,13 @@ impl MessageDispatch for TestMessageDispatch {
 pub struct TestOnMessagesDelivered;
 
 impl TestOnMessagesDelivered {
-	pub fn call_arguments() -> Option<(LaneId, MessageNonce)> {
+	pub fn call_arguments() -> Option<(TestLaneIdType, MessageNonce)> {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::get(b"TestOnMessagesDelivered.OnMessagesDelivered")
 	}
 }
 
-impl OnMessagesDelivered for TestOnMessagesDelivered {
-	fn on_messages_delivered(lane: LaneId, enqueued_messages: MessageNonce) {
+impl OnMessagesDelivered<TestLaneIdType> for TestOnMessagesDelivered {
+	fn on_messages_delivered(lane: TestLaneIdType, enqueued_messages: MessageNonce) {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::put(
 			b"TestOnMessagesDelivered.OnMessagesDelivered",
 			&(lane, enqueued_messages),
@@ -405,7 +409,7 @@ impl OnMessagesDelivered for TestOnMessagesDelivered {
 }
 
 /// Return test lane message with given nonce and payload.
-pub fn message(nonce: MessageNonce, payload: TestPayload) -> Message {
+pub fn message(nonce: MessageNonce, payload: TestPayload) -> Message<TestLaneIdType> {
 	Message { key: MessageKey { lane_id: test_lane_id(), nonce }, payload: payload.encode() }
 }
 
@@ -449,7 +453,7 @@ pub fn unrewarded_relayer(
 }
 
 /// Returns unrewarded relayers state at given lane.
-pub fn inbound_unrewarded_relayers_state(lane: bp_messages::LaneId) -> UnrewardedRelayersState {
+pub fn inbound_unrewarded_relayers_state(lane: TestLaneIdType) -> UnrewardedRelayersState {
 	let inbound_lane_data = crate::InboundLanes::<TestRuntime, ()>::get(lane).unwrap().0;
 	UnrewardedRelayersState::from(&inbound_lane_data)
 }
@@ -486,24 +490,25 @@ pub fn run_test<T>(test: impl FnOnce() -> T) -> T {
 /// Since this function changes the runtime storage, you can't "inline" it in the
 /// `asset_noop` macro calls.
 pub fn prepare_messages_proof(
-	messages: Vec<Message>,
+	messages: Vec<Message<TestLaneIdType>>,
 	outbound_lane_data: Option<OutboundLaneData>,
-) -> Box<FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash>> {
+) -> Box<FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType>> {
 	// first - let's generate storage proof
 	let lane = messages.first().unwrap().key.lane_id;
 	let nonces_start = messages.first().unwrap().key.nonce;
 	let nonces_end = messages.last().unwrap().key.nonce;
-	let (storage_root, storage_proof) = prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChain>(
-		lane,
-		nonces_start..=nonces_end,
-		outbound_lane_data,
-		UnverifiedStorageProofParams::default(),
-		|nonce| messages[(nonce - nonces_start) as usize].payload.clone(),
-		encode_all_messages,
-		encode_lane_data,
-		false,
-		false,
-	);
+	let (storage_root, storage_proof) =
+		prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChain, TestLaneIdType>(
+			lane,
+			nonces_start..=nonces_end,
+			outbound_lane_data,
+			UnverifiedStorageProofParams::default(),
+			|nonce| messages[(nonce - nonces_start) as usize].payload.clone(),
+			encode_all_messages,
+			encode_lane_data,
+			false,
+			false,
+		);
 
 	// let's now insert bridged chain header into the storage
 	let bridged_header_hash = Default::default();
@@ -512,7 +517,7 @@ pub fn prepare_messages_proof(
 		StoredHeaderData { number: 0, state_root: storage_root },
 	);
 
-	Box::new(FromBridgedChainMessagesProof::<BridgedHeaderHash> {
+	Box::new(FromBridgedChainMessagesProof::<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType> {
 		bridged_header_hash,
 		storage_proof,
 		lane,
@@ -527,12 +532,12 @@ pub fn prepare_messages_proof(
 /// Since this function changes the runtime storage, you can't "inline" it in the
 /// `asset_noop` macro calls.
 pub fn prepare_messages_delivery_proof(
-	lane: LaneId,
+	lane: TestLaneIdType,
 	inbound_lane_data: InboundLaneData<AccountId>,
-) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash> {
+) -> FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType> {
 	// first - let's generate storage proof
 	let (storage_root, storage_proof) =
-		prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChain>(
+		prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChain, TestLaneIdType>(
 			lane,
 			inbound_lane_data,
 			UnverifiedStorageProofParams::default(),
@@ -545,7 +550,7 @@ pub fn prepare_messages_delivery_proof(
 		StoredHeaderData { number: 0, state_root: storage_root },
 	);
 
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof::<BridgedHeaderHash> {
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof::<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType> {
 		bridged_header_hash,
 		storage_proof,
 		lane,
diff --git a/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/pallet_tests.rs b/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/pallet_tests.rs
index ceb1744c066588cf41ac6db429cc6bb8503dc7f1..9df103a7cf6f1b6173dd264733d298d4a68ab7df 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/pallet_tests.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/messages/src/tests/pallet_tests.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::{FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof, MessagesBridge},
 	target_chain::{FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, MessageDispatch},
 	BridgeMessagesCall, ChainWithMessages, DeliveredMessages, InboundLaneData,
-	InboundMessageDetails, LaneId, LaneState, MessageKey, MessageNonce, MessagesOperatingMode,
+	InboundMessageDetails, LaneIdType, LaneState, MessageKey, MessageNonce, MessagesOperatingMode,
 	OutboundLaneData, OutboundMessageDetails, UnrewardedRelayer, UnrewardedRelayersState,
 	VerificationError,
 };
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ fn get_ready_for_events() {
 	System::<TestRuntime>::reset_events();
 }
 
-fn send_regular_message(lane_id: LaneId) {
+fn send_regular_message(lane_id: TestLaneIdType) {
 	get_ready_for_events();
 
 	let outbound_lane = active_outbound_lane::<TestRuntime, ()>(lane_id).unwrap();
@@ -67,7 +67,10 @@ fn send_regular_message(lane_id: LaneId) {
 		System::<TestRuntime>::events(),
 		vec![EventRecord {
 			phase: Phase::Initialization,
-			event: TestEvent::Messages(Event::MessageAccepted { lane_id, nonce: message_nonce }),
+			event: TestEvent::Messages(Event::MessageAccepted {
+				lane_id: lane_id.into(),
+				nonce: message_nonce
+			}),
 			topics: vec![],
 		}],
 	);
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ fn receive_messages_delivery_proof() {
 		vec![EventRecord {
 			phase: Phase::Initialization,
 			event: TestEvent::Messages(Event::MessagesDelivered {
-				lane_id: test_lane_id(),
+				lane_id: test_lane_id().into(),
 				messages: DeliveredMessages::new(1),
 			}),
 			topics: vec![],
@@ -629,7 +632,7 @@ fn receive_messages_delivery_proof_rewards_relayers() {
 fn receive_messages_delivery_proof_rejects_invalid_proof() {
 	run_test(|| {
 		let mut proof = prepare_messages_delivery_proof(test_lane_id(), Default::default());
-		proof.lane = bp_messages::LaneId::new(42, 84);
+		proof.lane = TestLaneIdType::try_new(42, 84).unwrap();
 
 		assert_noop!(
 			Pallet::<TestRuntime>::receive_messages_delivery_proof(
@@ -1038,8 +1041,8 @@ fn test_bridge_messages_call_is_correctly_defined() {
 		};
 		let indirect_receive_messages_proof_call = BridgeMessagesCall::<
 			AccountId,
-			FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash>,
-			FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash>,
+			FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType>,
+			FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType>,
 		>::receive_messages_proof {
 			relayer_id_at_bridged_chain: account_id,
 			proof: *message_proof,
@@ -1058,8 +1061,8 @@ fn test_bridge_messages_call_is_correctly_defined() {
 			};
 		let indirect_receive_messages_delivery_proof_call = BridgeMessagesCall::<
 			AccountId,
-			FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash>,
-			FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash>,
+			FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType>,
+			FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash, TestLaneIdType>,
 		>::receive_messages_delivery_proof {
 			proof: message_delivery_proof,
 			relayers_state: unrewarded_relayer_state,
@@ -1084,7 +1087,7 @@ fn inbound_storage_extra_proof_size_bytes_works() {
 
 	fn storage(relayer_entries: usize) -> RuntimeInboundLaneStorage<TestRuntime, ()> {
 		RuntimeInboundLaneStorage {
-			lane_id: LaneId::new(1, 2),
+			lane_id: TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
 			cached_data: InboundLaneData {
 				state: LaneState::Opened,
 				relayers: vec![relayer_entry(); relayer_entries].into(),
@@ -1165,7 +1168,7 @@ fn receive_messages_proof_fails_if_inbound_lane_is_not_opened() {
 #[test]
 fn receive_messages_delivery_proof_fails_if_outbound_lane_is_unknown() {
 	run_test(|| {
-		let make_proof = |lane: LaneId| {
+		let make_proof = |lane: TestLaneIdType| {
 			prepare_messages_delivery_proof(
 				lane,
 				InboundLaneData {
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/benchmarking.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/benchmarking.rs
index 8a3f905a8f291f98ee5832da8817c8e9dd5df1d9..8fe3fc11d6ae67c151119e585a3048149a81ea36 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/benchmarking.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/benchmarking.rs
@@ -20,9 +20,8 @@
 
 use crate::*;
 
-use bp_messages::LaneId;
 use bp_relayers::RewardsAccountOwner;
-use frame_benchmarking::{benchmarks, whitelisted_caller};
+use frame_benchmarking::{benchmarks_instance_pallet, whitelisted_caller};
 use frame_system::RawOrigin;
 use sp_runtime::traits::One;
 
@@ -30,27 +29,34 @@ use sp_runtime::traits::One;
 const REWARD_AMOUNT: u32 = u32::MAX;
 
 /// Pallet we're benchmarking here.
-pub struct Pallet<T: Config>(crate::Pallet<T>);
+pub struct Pallet<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()>(crate::Pallet<T, I>);
 
 /// Trait that must be implemented by runtime.
-pub trait Config: crate::Config {
+pub trait Config<I: 'static = ()>: crate::Config<I> {
+	/// Lane id to use in benchmarks.
+	fn bench_lane_id() -> Self::LaneId {
+		Self::LaneId::default()
+	}
 	/// Prepare environment for paying given reward for serving given lane.
-	fn prepare_rewards_account(account_params: RewardsAccountParams, reward: Self::Reward);
+	fn prepare_rewards_account(
+		account_params: RewardsAccountParams<Self::LaneId>,
+		reward: Self::Reward,
+	);
 	/// Give enough balance to given account.
 	fn deposit_account(account: Self::AccountId, balance: Self::Reward);
 }
 
-benchmarks! {
+benchmarks_instance_pallet! {
 	// Benchmark `claim_rewards` call.
 	claim_rewards {
-		let lane = LaneId::new(1, 2);
+		let lane = T::bench_lane_id();
 		let account_params =
 			RewardsAccountParams::new(lane, *b"test", RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain);
 		let relayer: T::AccountId = whitelisted_caller();
 		let reward = T::Reward::from(REWARD_AMOUNT);
 
 		T::prepare_rewards_account(account_params, reward);
-		RelayerRewards::<T>::insert(&relayer, account_params, reward);
+		RelayerRewards::<T, I>::insert(&relayer, account_params, reward);
 	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(relayer), account_params)
 	verify {
 		// we can't check anything here, because `PaymentProcedure` is responsible for
@@ -62,30 +68,30 @@ benchmarks! {
 	register {
 		let relayer: T::AccountId = whitelisted_caller();
 		let valid_till = frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number()
-			.saturating_add(crate::Pallet::<T>::required_registration_lease())
+			.saturating_add(crate::Pallet::<T, I>::required_registration_lease())
 			.saturating_add(One::one())
 			.saturating_add(One::one());
 
-		T::deposit_account(relayer.clone(), crate::Pallet::<T>::required_stake());
+		T::deposit_account(relayer.clone(), crate::Pallet::<T, I>::required_stake());
 	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(relayer.clone()), valid_till)
 	verify {
-		assert!(crate::Pallet::<T>::is_registration_active(&relayer));
+		assert!(crate::Pallet::<T, I>::is_registration_active(&relayer));
 	}
 
 	// Benchmark `deregister` call.
 	deregister {
 		let relayer: T::AccountId = whitelisted_caller();
 		let valid_till = frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number()
-			.saturating_add(crate::Pallet::<T>::required_registration_lease())
+			.saturating_add(crate::Pallet::<T, I>::required_registration_lease())
 			.saturating_add(One::one())
 			.saturating_add(One::one());
-		T::deposit_account(relayer.clone(), crate::Pallet::<T>::required_stake());
-		crate::Pallet::<T>::register(RawOrigin::Signed(relayer.clone()).into(), valid_till).unwrap();
+		T::deposit_account(relayer.clone(), crate::Pallet::<T, I>::required_stake());
+		crate::Pallet::<T, I>::register(RawOrigin::Signed(relayer.clone()).into(), valid_till).unwrap();
 
 		frame_system::Pallet::<T>::set_block_number(valid_till.saturating_add(One::one()));
 	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(relayer.clone()))
 	verify {
-		assert!(!crate::Pallet::<T>::is_registration_active(&relayer));
+		assert!(!crate::Pallet::<T, I>::is_registration_active(&relayer));
 	}
 
 	// Benchmark `slash_and_deregister` method of the pallet. We are adding this weight to
@@ -95,36 +101,36 @@ benchmarks! {
 		// prepare and register relayer account
 		let relayer: T::AccountId = whitelisted_caller();
 		let valid_till = frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number()
-			.saturating_add(crate::Pallet::<T>::required_registration_lease())
+			.saturating_add(crate::Pallet::<T, I>::required_registration_lease())
 			.saturating_add(One::one())
 			.saturating_add(One::one());
-		T::deposit_account(relayer.clone(), crate::Pallet::<T>::required_stake());
-		crate::Pallet::<T>::register(RawOrigin::Signed(relayer.clone()).into(), valid_till).unwrap();
+		T::deposit_account(relayer.clone(), crate::Pallet::<T, I>::required_stake());
+		crate::Pallet::<T, I>::register(RawOrigin::Signed(relayer.clone()).into(), valid_till).unwrap();
 
 		// create slash destination account
-		let lane = LaneId::new(1, 2);
+		let lane = T::bench_lane_id();
 		let slash_destination = RewardsAccountParams::new(lane, *b"test", RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain);
 		T::prepare_rewards_account(slash_destination, Zero::zero());
 	}: {
-		crate::Pallet::<T>::slash_and_deregister(&relayer, slash_destination.into())
+		crate::Pallet::<T, I>::slash_and_deregister(&relayer, slash_destination.into())
 	}
 	verify {
-		assert!(!crate::Pallet::<T>::is_registration_active(&relayer));
+		assert!(!crate::Pallet::<T, I>::is_registration_active(&relayer));
 	}
 
 	// Benchmark `register_relayer_reward` method of the pallet. We are adding this weight to
 	// the weight of message delivery call if `RefundBridgedParachainMessages` signed extension
 	// is deployed at runtime level.
 	register_relayer_reward {
-		let lane = LaneId::new(1, 2);
+		let lane = T::bench_lane_id();
 		let relayer: T::AccountId = whitelisted_caller();
 		let account_params =
 			RewardsAccountParams::new(lane, *b"test", RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain);
 	}: {
-		crate::Pallet::<T>::register_relayer_reward(account_params, &relayer, One::one());
+		crate::Pallet::<T, I>::register_relayer_reward(account_params, &relayer, One::one());
 	}
 	verify {
-		assert_eq!(RelayerRewards::<T>::get(relayer, &account_params), Some(One::one()));
+		assert_eq!(RelayerRewards::<T, I>::get(relayer, &account_params), Some(One::one()));
 	}
 
 	impl_benchmark_test_suite!(Pallet, crate::mock::new_test_ext(), crate::mock::TestRuntime)
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/grandpa_adapter.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/grandpa_adapter.rs
index 6c9ae1c2968c0a3f63db463d720ccdcfe6a356a3..2a8a6e78ef9c732b868f1293f313b35a044ad81a 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/grandpa_adapter.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/grandpa_adapter.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ use pallet_bridge_grandpa::{
 	SubmitFinalityProofHelper,
 };
 use pallet_bridge_messages::{
-	CallSubType as BridgeMessagesCallSubType, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig,
+	CallSubType as BridgeMessagesCallSubType, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig, LaneIdOf,
 };
 use sp_runtime::{
 	traits::{Dispatchable, Get},
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ pub struct WithGrandpaChainExtensionConfig<
 	BridgeGrandpaPalletInstance,
 	// instance of BridgedChain `pallet-bridge-messages`, tracked by this extension
 	BridgeMessagesPalletInstance,
+	// instance of `pallet-bridge-relayers`, tracked by this extension
+	BridgeRelayersPalletInstance,
 	// message delivery transaction priority boost for every additional message
 	PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 >(
@@ -63,20 +65,22 @@ pub struct WithGrandpaChainExtensionConfig<
 		BatchCallUnpacker,
 		BridgeGrandpaPalletInstance,
 		BridgeMessagesPalletInstance,
+		BridgeRelayersPalletInstance,
 		PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 	)>,
 );
 
-impl<ID, R, BCU, GI, MI, P> ExtensionConfig
-	for WithGrandpaChainExtensionConfig<ID, R, BCU, GI, MI, P>
+impl<ID, R, BCU, GI, MI, RI, P> ExtensionConfig
+	for WithGrandpaChainExtensionConfig<ID, R, BCU, GI, MI, RI, P>
 where
 	ID: StaticStrProvider,
-	R: BridgeRelayersConfig
+	R: BridgeRelayersConfig<RI>
 		+ BridgeMessagesConfig<MI, BridgedChain = pallet_bridge_grandpa::BridgedChain<R, GI>>
 		+ BridgeGrandpaConfig<GI>,
 	BCU: BatchCallUnpacker<R>,
 	GI: 'static,
 	MI: 'static,
+	RI: 'static,
 	P: Get<TransactionPriority>,
 	R::RuntimeCall: Dispatchable<Info = DispatchInfo, PostInfo = PostDispatchInfo>
 		+ BridgeGrandpaCallSubtype<R, GI>
@@ -85,14 +89,15 @@ where
 	type IdProvider = ID;
 	type Runtime = R;
 	type BridgeMessagesPalletInstance = MI;
+	type BridgeRelayersPalletInstance = RI;
 	type PriorityBoostPerMessage = P;
-	type Reward = R::Reward;
 	type RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber = pallet_bridge_grandpa::BridgedBlockNumber<R, GI>;
+	type LaneId = LaneIdOf<R, Self::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>;
 
 	fn parse_and_check_for_obsolete_call(
 		call: &R::RuntimeCall,
 	) -> Result<
-		Option<ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>>,
+		Option<ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, Self::LaneId>>,
 		TransactionValidityError,
 	> {
 		let calls = BCU::unpack(call, 2);
@@ -120,12 +125,12 @@ where
 	}
 
 	fn check_call_result(
-		call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+		call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, Self::LaneId>,
 		call_data: &mut ExtensionCallData,
 		relayer: &R::AccountId,
 	) -> bool {
 		verify_submit_finality_proof_succeeded::<Self, GI>(call_info, call_data, relayer) &&
-			verify_messages_call_succeeded::<Self, MI>(call_info, call_data, relayer)
+			verify_messages_call_succeeded::<Self>(call_info, call_data, relayer)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -134,7 +139,7 @@ where
 ///
 /// Only returns false when GRANDPA chain state update call has failed.
 pub(crate) fn verify_submit_finality_proof_succeeded<C, GI>(
-	call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+	call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, C::LaneId>,
 	call_data: &mut ExtensionCallData,
 	relayer: &<C::Runtime as SystemConfig>::AccountId,
 ) -> bool
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/messages_adapter.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/messages_adapter.rs
index ecb575524bb020db2e3a31383bf890b4418aaa5a..e8c2088b7f2d3e6a08bfd45550bf0723132824d6 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/messages_adapter.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/messages_adapter.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use bp_relayers::{ExtensionCallData, ExtensionCallInfo, ExtensionConfig};
 use bp_runtime::StaticStrProvider;
 use frame_support::dispatch::{DispatchInfo, PostDispatchInfo};
 use pallet_bridge_messages::{
-	CallSubType as BridgeMessagesCallSubType, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig,
+	CallSubType as BridgeMessagesCallSubType, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig, LaneIdOf,
 };
 use sp_runtime::{
 	traits::{Dispatchable, Get},
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ pub struct WithMessagesExtensionConfig<
 	IdProvider,
 	Runtime,
 	BridgeMessagesPalletInstance,
+	BridgeRelayersPalletInstance,
 	PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 >(
 	PhantomData<(
@@ -46,16 +47,19 @@ pub struct WithMessagesExtensionConfig<
 		Runtime,
 		// instance of BridgedChain `pallet-bridge-messages`, tracked by this extension
 		BridgeMessagesPalletInstance,
+		// instance of `pallet-bridge-relayers`, tracked by this extension
+		BridgeRelayersPalletInstance,
 		// message delivery transaction priority boost for every additional message
 		PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 	)>,
 );
 
-impl<ID, R, MI, P> ExtensionConfig for WithMessagesExtensionConfig<ID, R, MI, P>
+impl<ID, R, MI, RI, P> ExtensionConfig for WithMessagesExtensionConfig<ID, R, MI, RI, P>
 where
 	ID: StaticStrProvider,
-	R: BridgeRelayersConfig + BridgeMessagesConfig<MI>,
+	R: BridgeRelayersConfig<RI> + BridgeMessagesConfig<MI>,
 	MI: 'static,
+	RI: 'static,
 	P: Get<TransactionPriority>,
 	R::RuntimeCall: Dispatchable<Info = DispatchInfo, PostInfo = PostDispatchInfo>
 		+ BridgeMessagesCallSubType<R, MI>,
@@ -63,14 +67,15 @@ where
 	type IdProvider = ID;
 	type Runtime = R;
 	type BridgeMessagesPalletInstance = MI;
+	type BridgeRelayersPalletInstance = RI;
 	type PriorityBoostPerMessage = P;
-	type Reward = R::Reward;
 	type RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber = ();
+	type LaneId = LaneIdOf<R, Self::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>;
 
 	fn parse_and_check_for_obsolete_call(
 		call: &R::RuntimeCall,
 	) -> Result<
-		Option<ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>>,
+		Option<ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, Self::LaneId>>,
 		TransactionValidityError,
 	> {
 		let call = Self::check_obsolete_parsed_call(call)?;
@@ -85,10 +90,10 @@ where
 	}
 
 	fn check_call_result(
-		call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+		call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, Self::LaneId>,
 		call_data: &mut ExtensionCallData,
 		relayer: &R::AccountId,
 	) -> bool {
-		verify_messages_call_succeeded::<Self, MI>(call_info, call_data, relayer)
+		verify_messages_call_succeeded::<Self>(call_info, call_data, relayer)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/mod.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/mod.rs
index e1a7abd0ad1c207ac71e60f87074a826e0b6dd0b..9a248eb8e7983c09934396e7ccae824dd83b296c 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/mod.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/mod.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,9 @@ use frame_support::{
 	CloneNoBound, DefaultNoBound, EqNoBound, PartialEqNoBound, RuntimeDebugNoBound,
 };
 use frame_system::Config as SystemConfig;
-use pallet_bridge_messages::{CallHelper as MessagesCallHelper, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig};
+use pallet_bridge_messages::{
+	CallHelper as MessagesCallHelper, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig, LaneIdOf,
+};
 use pallet_transaction_payment::{
 	Config as TransactionPaymentConfig, OnChargeTransaction, Pallet as TransactionPaymentPallet,
 };
@@ -62,15 +64,19 @@ mod priority;
 
 /// Data that is crafted in `pre_dispatch` method and used at `post_dispatch`.
 #[cfg_attr(test, derive(Debug, PartialEq))]
-pub struct PreDispatchData<AccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug> {
+pub struct PreDispatchData<
+	AccountId,
+	RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug,
+	LaneId: Clone + Copy + Debug,
+> {
 	/// Transaction submitter (relayer) account.
 	relayer: AccountId,
 	/// Type of the call.
-	call_info: ExtensionCallInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+	call_info: ExtensionCallInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, LaneId>,
 }
 
-impl<AccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug>
-	PreDispatchData<AccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>
+impl<AccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug, LaneId: Clone + Copy + Debug>
+	PreDispatchData<AccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, LaneId>
 {
 	/// Returns mutable reference to pre-dispatch `finality_target` sent to the
 	/// `SubmitFinalityProof` call.
@@ -88,13 +94,13 @@ impl<AccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug>
 
 /// The actions on relayer account that need to be performed because of his actions.
 #[derive(RuntimeDebug, PartialEq)]
-pub enum RelayerAccountAction<AccountId, Reward> {
+pub enum RelayerAccountAction<AccountId, Reward, LaneId> {
 	/// Do nothing with relayer account.
 	None,
 	/// Reward the relayer.
-	Reward(AccountId, RewardsAccountParams, Reward),
+	Reward(AccountId, RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>, Reward),
 	/// Slash the relayer.
-	Slash(AccountId, RewardsAccountParams),
+	Slash(AccountId, RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>),
 }
 
 /// A signed extension, built around `pallet-bridge-relayers`.
@@ -112,19 +118,22 @@ pub enum RelayerAccountAction<AccountId, Reward> {
 	RuntimeDebugNoBound,
 	TypeInfo,
 )]
-#[scale_info(skip_type_params(Runtime, Config))]
-pub struct BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<Runtime, Config>(PhantomData<(Runtime, Config)>);
+#[scale_info(skip_type_params(Runtime, Config, LaneId))]
+pub struct BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<Runtime, Config, LaneId>(
+	PhantomData<(Runtime, Config, LaneId)>,
+);
 
-impl<R, C> BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<R, C>
+impl<R, C, LaneId> BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<R, C, LaneId>
 where
 	Self: 'static + Send + Sync,
-	R: RelayersConfig
-		+ BridgeMessagesConfig<C::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>
+	R: RelayersConfig<LaneId = LaneId>
+		+ BridgeMessagesConfig<C::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance, LaneId = LaneId>
 		+ TransactionPaymentConfig,
-	C: ExtensionConfig<Runtime = R, Reward = R::Reward>,
+	C: ExtensionConfig<Runtime = R, LaneId = LaneId>,
 	R::RuntimeCall: Dispatchable<Info = DispatchInfo, PostInfo = PostDispatchInfo>,
 	<R as TransactionPaymentConfig>::OnChargeTransaction:
 		OnChargeTransaction<R, Balance = R::Reward>,
+	LaneId: Clone + Copy + Decode + Encode + Debug + TypeInfo,
 {
 	/// Returns number of bundled messages `Some(_)`, if the given call info is a:
 	///
@@ -136,7 +145,7 @@ where
 	/// virtually boosted. The relayer registration (we only boost priority for registered
 	/// relayer transactions) must be checked outside.
 	fn bundled_messages_for_priority_boost(
-		call_info: Option<&ExtensionCallInfo<C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>>,
+		call_info: Option<&ExtensionCallInfo<C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, LaneId>>,
 	) -> Option<MessageNonce> {
 		// we only boost priority of message delivery transactions
 		let parsed_call = match call_info {
@@ -160,12 +169,14 @@ where
 	/// Given post-dispatch information, analyze the outcome of relayer call and return
 	/// actions that need to be performed on relayer account.
 	fn analyze_call_result(
-		pre: Option<Option<PreDispatchData<R::AccountId, C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>>>,
+		pre: Option<
+			Option<PreDispatchData<R::AccountId, C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, LaneId>>,
+		>,
 		info: &DispatchInfo,
 		post_info: &PostDispatchInfo,
 		len: usize,
 		result: &DispatchResult,
-	) -> RelayerAccountAction<R::AccountId, R::Reward> {
+	) -> RelayerAccountAction<R::AccountId, R::Reward, LaneId> {
 		// We don't refund anything for transactions that we don't support.
 		let (relayer, call_info) = match pre {
 			Some(Some(pre)) => (pre.relayer, pre.call_info),
@@ -263,22 +274,23 @@ where
 	}
 }
 
-impl<R, C> SignedExtension for BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<R, C>
+impl<R, C, LaneId> SignedExtension for BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<R, C, LaneId>
 where
 	Self: 'static + Send + Sync,
-	R: RelayersConfig
-		+ BridgeMessagesConfig<C::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>
+	R: RelayersConfig<LaneId = LaneId>
+		+ BridgeMessagesConfig<C::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance, LaneId = LaneId>
 		+ TransactionPaymentConfig,
-	C: ExtensionConfig<Runtime = R, Reward = R::Reward>,
+	C: ExtensionConfig<Runtime = R, LaneId = LaneId>,
 	R::RuntimeCall: Dispatchable<Info = DispatchInfo, PostInfo = PostDispatchInfo>,
 	<R as TransactionPaymentConfig>::OnChargeTransaction:
 		OnChargeTransaction<R, Balance = R::Reward>,
+	LaneId: Clone + Copy + Decode + Encode + Debug + TypeInfo,
 {
 	const IDENTIFIER: &'static str = C::IdProvider::STR;
 	type AccountId = R::AccountId;
 	type Call = R::RuntimeCall;
 	type AdditionalSigned = ();
-	type Pre = Option<PreDispatchData<R::AccountId, C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>>;
+	type Pre = Option<PreDispatchData<R::AccountId, C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, LaneId>>;
 
 	fn additional_signed(&self) -> Result<(), TransactionValidityError> {
 		Ok(())
@@ -392,19 +404,23 @@ where
 }
 
 /// Verify that the messages pallet call, supported by extension has succeeded.
-pub(crate) fn verify_messages_call_succeeded<C, MI>(
-	call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+pub(crate) fn verify_messages_call_succeeded<C>(
+	call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<
+		C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber,
+		LaneIdOf<C::Runtime, C::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>,
+	>,
 	_call_data: &mut ExtensionCallData,
 	relayer: &<C::Runtime as SystemConfig>::AccountId,
 ) -> bool
 where
 	C: ExtensionConfig,
-	MI: 'static,
-	C::Runtime: BridgeMessagesConfig<MI>,
+	C::Runtime: BridgeMessagesConfig<C::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>,
 {
 	let messages_call = call_info.messages_call_info();
 
-	if !MessagesCallHelper::<C::Runtime, MI>::was_successful(messages_call) {
+	if !MessagesCallHelper::<C::Runtime, C::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>::was_successful(
+		messages_call,
+	) {
 		log::trace!(
 			target: LOG_TARGET,
 			"{}.{:?}: relayer {:?} has submitted invalid messages call",
@@ -427,9 +443,9 @@ mod tests {
 	use bp_messages::{
 		source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof,
 		target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, BaseMessagesProofInfo, DeliveredMessages,
-		InboundLaneData, LaneId, MessageNonce, MessagesCallInfo, MessagesOperatingMode,
-		OutboundLaneData, ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo, ReceiveMessagesProofInfo,
-		UnrewardedRelayer, UnrewardedRelayerOccupation, UnrewardedRelayersState,
+		InboundLaneData, MessageNonce, MessagesCallInfo, MessagesOperatingMode, OutboundLaneData,
+		ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo, ReceiveMessagesProofInfo, UnrewardedRelayer,
+		UnrewardedRelayerOccupation, UnrewardedRelayersState,
 	};
 	use bp_parachains::{BestParaHeadHash, ParaInfo, SubmitParachainHeadsInfo};
 	use bp_polkadot_core::parachains::{ParaHeadsProof, ParaId};
@@ -454,17 +470,16 @@ mod tests {
 
 	parameter_types! {
 		TestParachain: u32 = BridgedUnderlyingParachain::PARACHAIN_ID;
-		pub MsgProofsRewardsAccount: RewardsAccountParams = RewardsAccountParams::new(
+		pub MsgProofsRewardsAccount: RewardsAccountParams<TestLaneIdType> = RewardsAccountParams::new(
 			test_lane_id(),
 			TEST_BRIDGED_CHAIN_ID,
 			RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
 		);
-		pub MsgDeliveryProofsRewardsAccount: RewardsAccountParams = RewardsAccountParams::new(
+		pub MsgDeliveryProofsRewardsAccount: RewardsAccountParams<TestLaneIdType> = RewardsAccountParams::new(
 			test_lane_id(),
 			TEST_BRIDGED_CHAIN_ID,
 			RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain,
 		);
-		pub TestLaneId: LaneId = test_lane_id();
 	}
 
 	bp_runtime::generate_static_str_provider!(TestGrandpaExtension);
@@ -477,31 +492,31 @@ mod tests {
 		RuntimeWithUtilityPallet<TestRuntime>,
 		(),
 		(),
+		(),
 		ConstU64<1>,
 	>;
 	type TestGrandpaExtension =
-		BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<TestRuntime, TestGrandpaExtensionConfig>;
+		BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<TestRuntime, TestGrandpaExtensionConfig, TestLaneIdType>;
 	type TestExtensionConfig = parachain_adapter::WithParachainExtensionConfig<
 		StrTestExtension,
 		TestRuntime,
 		RuntimeWithUtilityPallet<TestRuntime>,
 		(),
 		(),
+		(),
 		ConstU64<1>,
 	>;
-	type TestExtension = BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<TestRuntime, TestExtensionConfig>;
+	type TestExtension =
+		BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<TestRuntime, TestExtensionConfig, TestLaneIdType>;
 	type TestMessagesExtensionConfig = messages_adapter::WithMessagesExtensionConfig<
 		StrTestMessagesExtension,
 		TestRuntime,
 		(),
+		(),
 		ConstU64<1>,
 	>;
 	type TestMessagesExtension =
-		BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<TestRuntime, TestMessagesExtensionConfig>;
-
-	fn test_lane_id() -> LaneId {
-		LaneId::new(1, 2)
-	}
+		BridgeRelayersSignedExtension<TestRuntime, TestMessagesExtensionConfig, TestLaneIdType>;
 
 	fn initial_balance_of_relayer_account_at_this_chain() -> ThisChainBalance {
 		let test_stake: ThisChainBalance = Stake::get();
@@ -795,7 +810,7 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn all_finality_pre_dispatch_data(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		PreDispatchData {
 			relayer: relayer_account_at_this_chain(),
 			call_info: ExtensionCallInfo::AllFinalityAndMsgs(
@@ -832,14 +847,14 @@ mod tests {
 
 	#[cfg(test)]
 	fn all_finality_pre_dispatch_data_ex(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		let mut data = all_finality_pre_dispatch_data();
 		data.submit_finality_proof_info_mut().unwrap().current_set_id = Some(TEST_GRANDPA_SET_ID);
 		data
 	}
 
 	fn all_finality_confirmation_pre_dispatch_data(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		PreDispatchData {
 			relayer: relayer_account_at_this_chain(),
 			call_info: ExtensionCallInfo::AllFinalityAndMsgs(
@@ -869,14 +884,14 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn all_finality_confirmation_pre_dispatch_data_ex(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		let mut data = all_finality_confirmation_pre_dispatch_data();
 		data.submit_finality_proof_info_mut().unwrap().current_set_id = Some(TEST_GRANDPA_SET_ID);
 		data
 	}
 
 	fn relay_finality_pre_dispatch_data(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		PreDispatchData {
 			relayer: relayer_account_at_this_chain(),
 			call_info: ExtensionCallInfo::RelayFinalityAndMsgs(
@@ -906,14 +921,14 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn relay_finality_pre_dispatch_data_ex(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		let mut data = relay_finality_pre_dispatch_data();
 		data.submit_finality_proof_info_mut().unwrap().current_set_id = Some(TEST_GRANDPA_SET_ID);
 		data
 	}
 
 	fn relay_finality_confirmation_pre_dispatch_data(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		PreDispatchData {
 			relayer: relayer_account_at_this_chain(),
 			call_info: ExtensionCallInfo::RelayFinalityAndMsgs(
@@ -937,14 +952,14 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn relay_finality_confirmation_pre_dispatch_data_ex(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		let mut data = relay_finality_confirmation_pre_dispatch_data();
 		data.submit_finality_proof_info_mut().unwrap().current_set_id = Some(TEST_GRANDPA_SET_ID);
 		data
 	}
 
 	fn parachain_finality_pre_dispatch_data(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		PreDispatchData {
 			relayer: relayer_account_at_this_chain(),
 			call_info: ExtensionCallInfo::ParachainFinalityAndMsgs(
@@ -972,7 +987,7 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn parachain_finality_confirmation_pre_dispatch_data(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		PreDispatchData {
 			relayer: relayer_account_at_this_chain(),
 			call_info: ExtensionCallInfo::ParachainFinalityAndMsgs(
@@ -994,7 +1009,7 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn delivery_pre_dispatch_data<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug>(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		PreDispatchData {
 			relayer: relayer_account_at_this_chain(),
 			call_info: ExtensionCallInfo::Msgs(MessagesCallInfo::ReceiveMessagesProof(
@@ -1016,7 +1031,7 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn confirmation_pre_dispatch_data<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug>(
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		PreDispatchData {
 			relayer: relayer_account_at_this_chain(),
 			call_info: ExtensionCallInfo::Msgs(MessagesCallInfo::ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof(
@@ -1030,9 +1045,13 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn set_bundled_range_end(
-		mut pre_dispatch_data: PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber>,
+		mut pre_dispatch_data: PreDispatchData<
+			ThisChainAccountId,
+			BridgedChainBlockNumber,
+			TestLaneIdType,
+		>,
 		end: MessageNonce,
-	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber> {
+	) -> PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType> {
 		let msg_info = match pre_dispatch_data.call_info {
 			ExtensionCallInfo::AllFinalityAndMsgs(_, _, ref mut info) => info,
 			ExtensionCallInfo::RelayFinalityAndMsgs(_, ref mut info) => info,
@@ -1072,7 +1091,7 @@ mod tests {
 	fn run_pre_dispatch(
 		call: RuntimeCall,
 	) -> Result<
-		Option<PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber>>,
+		Option<PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType>>,
 		TransactionValidityError,
 	> {
 		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
@@ -1083,7 +1102,7 @@ mod tests {
 	fn run_grandpa_pre_dispatch(
 		call: RuntimeCall,
 	) -> Result<
-		Option<PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber>>,
+		Option<PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType>>,
 		TransactionValidityError,
 	> {
 		let extension: TestGrandpaExtension = BridgeRelayersSignedExtension(PhantomData);
@@ -1092,7 +1111,10 @@ mod tests {
 
 	fn run_messages_pre_dispatch(
 		call: RuntimeCall,
-	) -> Result<Option<PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, ()>>, TransactionValidityError> {
+	) -> Result<
+		Option<PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, (), TestLaneIdType>>,
+		TransactionValidityError,
+	> {
 		let extension: TestMessagesExtension = BridgeRelayersSignedExtension(PhantomData);
 		extension.pre_dispatch(&relayer_account_at_this_chain(), &call, &DispatchInfo::default(), 0)
 	}
@@ -1113,7 +1135,9 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn run_post_dispatch(
-		pre_dispatch_data: Option<PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber>>,
+		pre_dispatch_data: Option<
+			PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber, TestLaneIdType>,
+		>,
 		dispatch_result: DispatchResult,
 	) {
 		let post_dispatch_result = TestExtension::post_dispatch(
@@ -1886,9 +1910,13 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn run_analyze_call_result(
-		pre_dispatch_data: PreDispatchData<ThisChainAccountId, BridgedChainBlockNumber>,
+		pre_dispatch_data: PreDispatchData<
+			ThisChainAccountId,
+			BridgedChainBlockNumber,
+			TestLaneIdType,
+		>,
 		dispatch_result: DispatchResult,
-	) -> RelayerAccountAction<ThisChainAccountId, ThisChainBalance> {
+	) -> RelayerAccountAction<ThisChainAccountId, ThisChainBalance, TestLaneIdType> {
 		TestExtension::analyze_call_result(
 			Some(Some(pre_dispatch_data)),
 			&dispatch_info(),
@@ -2318,7 +2346,7 @@ mod tests {
 				.unwrap();
 
 			// allow empty message delivery transactions
-			let lane_id = TestLaneId::get();
+			let lane_id = test_lane_id();
 			let in_lane_data = InboundLaneData {
 				last_confirmed_nonce: 0,
 				relayers: vec![UnrewardedRelayer {
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/parachain_adapter.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/parachain_adapter.rs
index b6f57cebc309dcf1d5e5c952395879f01933d188..69cf766dd674de6d68d20531dec27f7b2424e419 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/parachain_adapter.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/extension/parachain_adapter.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ use pallet_bridge_grandpa::{
 	CallSubType as BridgeGrandpaCallSubtype, Config as BridgeGrandpaConfig,
 };
 use pallet_bridge_messages::{
-	CallSubType as BridgeMessagesCallSubType, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig,
+	CallSubType as BridgeMessagesCallSubType, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig, LaneIdOf,
 };
 use pallet_bridge_parachains::{
 	CallSubType as BridgeParachainsCallSubtype, Config as BridgeParachainsConfig,
@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ pub struct WithParachainExtensionConfig<
 	BridgeParachainsPalletInstance,
 	// instance of BridgedChain `pallet-bridge-messages`, tracked by this extension
 	BridgeMessagesPalletInstance,
+	// instance of `pallet-bridge-relayers`, tracked by this extension
+	BridgeRelayersPalletInstance,
 	// message delivery transaction priority boost for every additional message
 	PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 >(
@@ -67,20 +69,23 @@ pub struct WithParachainExtensionConfig<
 		BatchCallUnpacker,
 		BridgeParachainsPalletInstance,
 		BridgeMessagesPalletInstance,
+		BridgeRelayersPalletInstance,
 		PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 	)>,
 );
 
-impl<ID, R, BCU, PI, MI, P> ExtensionConfig for WithParachainExtensionConfig<ID, R, BCU, PI, MI, P>
+impl<ID, R, BCU, PI, MI, RI, P> ExtensionConfig
+	for WithParachainExtensionConfig<ID, R, BCU, PI, MI, RI, P>
 where
 	ID: StaticStrProvider,
-	R: BridgeRelayersConfig
+	R: BridgeRelayersConfig<RI>
 		+ BridgeMessagesConfig<MI>
 		+ BridgeParachainsConfig<PI>
 		+ BridgeGrandpaConfig<R::BridgesGrandpaPalletInstance>,
 	BCU: BatchCallUnpacker<R>,
 	PI: 'static,
 	MI: 'static,
+	RI: 'static,
 	P: Get<TransactionPriority>,
 	R::RuntimeCall: Dispatchable<Info = DispatchInfo, PostInfo = PostDispatchInfo>
 		+ BridgeGrandpaCallSubtype<R, R::BridgesGrandpaPalletInstance>
@@ -91,15 +96,16 @@ where
 	type IdProvider = ID;
 	type Runtime = R;
 	type BridgeMessagesPalletInstance = MI;
+	type BridgeRelayersPalletInstance = RI;
 	type PriorityBoostPerMessage = P;
-	type Reward = R::Reward;
 	type RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber =
 		pallet_bridge_grandpa::BridgedBlockNumber<R, R::BridgesGrandpaPalletInstance>;
+	type LaneId = LaneIdOf<R, Self::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>;
 
 	fn parse_and_check_for_obsolete_call(
 		call: &R::RuntimeCall,
 	) -> Result<
-		Option<ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>>,
+		Option<ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, Self::LaneId>>,
 		TransactionValidityError,
 	> {
 		let calls = BCU::unpack(call, 3);
@@ -109,7 +115,7 @@ where
 		let msgs_call = calls.next().transpose()?.and_then(|c| c.call_info());
 		let para_finality_call = calls.next().transpose()?.and_then(|c| {
 			let r = c.submit_parachain_heads_info_for(
-				<R as BridgeMessagesConfig<MI>>::BridgedChain::PARACHAIN_ID,
+				<R as BridgeMessagesConfig<Self::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>>::BridgedChain::PARACHAIN_ID,
 			);
 			r
 		});
@@ -139,14 +145,14 @@ where
 	}
 
 	fn check_call_result(
-		call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+		call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, Self::LaneId>,
 		call_data: &mut ExtensionCallData,
 		relayer: &R::AccountId,
 	) -> bool {
 		verify_submit_finality_proof_succeeded::<Self, R::BridgesGrandpaPalletInstance>(
 			call_info, call_data, relayer,
 		) && verify_submit_parachain_head_succeeded::<Self, PI>(call_info, call_data, relayer) &&
-			verify_messages_call_succeeded::<Self, MI>(call_info, call_data, relayer)
+			verify_messages_call_succeeded::<Self>(call_info, call_data, relayer)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -155,7 +161,7 @@ where
 ///
 /// Only returns false when parachain state update call has failed.
 pub(crate) fn verify_submit_parachain_head_succeeded<C, PI>(
-	call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+	call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<C::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, C::LaneId>,
 	_call_data: &mut ExtensionCallData,
 	relayer: &<C::Runtime as SystemConfig>::AccountId,
 ) -> bool
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/lib.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/lib.rs
index b9627774db1ec9fcc828713904e1e60e24a7ba1d..f06c2e16ac248513b449b98038049995a1d61302 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/lib.rs
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ mod weights_ext;
 
 pub mod benchmarking;
 pub mod extension;
+pub mod migration;
 pub mod weights;
 
 /// The target that will be used when publishing logs related to this pallet.
@@ -51,46 +52,58 @@ pub const LOG_TARGET: &str = "runtime::bridge-relayers";
 #[frame_support::pallet]
 pub mod pallet {
 	use super::*;
+	use bp_messages::LaneIdType;
 	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
 	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
 
 	/// `RelayerRewardsKeyProvider` for given configuration.
-	type RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T> =
-		RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<<T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId, <T as Config>::Reward>;
+	type RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> = RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<
+		<T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId,
+		<T as Config<I>>::Reward,
+		<T as Config<I>>::LaneId,
+	>;
 
 	#[pallet::config]
-	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+	pub trait Config<I: 'static = ()>: frame_system::Config {
 		/// The overarching event type.
-		type RuntimeEvent: From<Event<Self>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent>;
+		type RuntimeEvent: From<Event<Self, I>>
+			+ IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent>;
 		/// Type of relayer reward.
 		type Reward: AtLeast32BitUnsigned + Copy + Member + Parameter + MaxEncodedLen;
 		/// Pay rewards scheme.
-		type PaymentProcedure: PaymentProcedure<Self::AccountId, Self::Reward>;
+		type PaymentProcedure: PaymentProcedure<
+			Self::AccountId,
+			Self::Reward,
+			LaneId = Self::LaneId,
+		>;
 		/// Stake and slash scheme.
 		type StakeAndSlash: StakeAndSlash<Self::AccountId, BlockNumberFor<Self>, Self::Reward>;
 		/// Pallet call weights.
 		type WeightInfo: WeightInfoExt;
+		/// Lane identifier type.
+		type LaneId: LaneIdType + Send + Sync;
 	}
 
 	#[pallet::pallet]
-	pub struct Pallet<T>(PhantomData<T>);
+	#[pallet::storage_version(migration::STORAGE_VERSION)]
+	pub struct Pallet<T, I = ()>(PhantomData<(T, I)>);
 
 	#[pallet::call]
-	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
+	impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> Pallet<T, I> {
 		/// Claim accumulated rewards.
 		#[pallet::call_index(0)]
 		#[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::claim_rewards())]
 		pub fn claim_rewards(
 			origin: OriginFor<T>,
-			rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams,
+			rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams<T::LaneId>,
 		) -> DispatchResult {
 			let relayer = ensure_signed(origin)?;
 
-			RelayerRewards::<T>::try_mutate_exists(
+			RelayerRewards::<T, I>::try_mutate_exists(
 				&relayer,
 				rewards_account_params,
 				|maybe_reward| -> DispatchResult {
-					let reward = maybe_reward.take().ok_or(Error::<T>::NoRewardForRelayer)?;
+					let reward = maybe_reward.take().ok_or(Error::<T, I>::NoRewardForRelayer)?;
 					T::PaymentProcedure::pay_reward(&relayer, rewards_account_params, reward)
 						.map_err(|e| {
 							log::trace!(
@@ -100,10 +113,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 								relayer,
 								e,
 							);
-							Error::<T>::FailedToPayReward
+							Error::<T, I>::FailedToPayReward
 						})?;
 
-					Self::deposit_event(Event::<T>::RewardPaid {
+					Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::RewardPaid {
 						relayer: relayer.clone(),
 						rewards_account_params,
 						reward,
@@ -125,53 +138,57 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			// than the `RequiredRegistrationLease`
 			let lease = valid_till.saturating_sub(frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number());
 			ensure!(
-				lease > Pallet::<T>::required_registration_lease(),
-				Error::<T>::InvalidRegistrationLease
+				lease > Self::required_registration_lease(),
+				Error::<T, I>::InvalidRegistrationLease
 			);
 
-			RegisteredRelayers::<T>::try_mutate(&relayer, |maybe_registration| -> DispatchResult {
-				let mut registration = maybe_registration
-					.unwrap_or_else(|| Registration { valid_till, stake: Zero::zero() });
+			RegisteredRelayers::<T, I>::try_mutate(
+				&relayer,
+				|maybe_registration| -> DispatchResult {
+					let mut registration = maybe_registration
+						.unwrap_or_else(|| Registration { valid_till, stake: Zero::zero() });
+
+					// new `valid_till` must be larger (or equal) than the old one
+					ensure!(
+						valid_till >= registration.valid_till,
+						Error::<T, I>::CannotReduceRegistrationLease,
+					);
+					registration.valid_till = valid_till;
+
+					// regarding stake, there are three options:
+					// - if relayer stake is larger than required stake, we may do unreserve
+					// - if relayer stake equals to required stake, we do nothing
+					// - if relayer stake is smaller than required stake, we do additional reserve
+					let required_stake = Self::required_stake();
+					if let Some(to_unreserve) = registration.stake.checked_sub(&required_stake) {
+						Self::do_unreserve(&relayer, to_unreserve)?;
+					} else if let Some(to_reserve) = required_stake.checked_sub(&registration.stake)
+					{
+						T::StakeAndSlash::reserve(&relayer, to_reserve).map_err(|e| {
+							log::trace!(
+								target: LOG_TARGET,
+								"Failed to reserve {:?} on relayer {:?} account: {:?}",
+								to_reserve,
+								relayer,
+								e,
+							);
 
-				// new `valid_till` must be larger (or equal) than the old one
-				ensure!(
-					valid_till >= registration.valid_till,
-					Error::<T>::CannotReduceRegistrationLease,
-				);
-				registration.valid_till = valid_till;
-
-				// regarding stake, there are three options:
-				// - if relayer stake is larger than required stake, we may do unreserve
-				// - if relayer stake equals to required stake, we do nothing
-				// - if relayer stake is smaller than required stake, we do additional reserve
-				let required_stake = Pallet::<T>::required_stake();
-				if let Some(to_unreserve) = registration.stake.checked_sub(&required_stake) {
-					Self::do_unreserve(&relayer, to_unreserve)?;
-				} else if let Some(to_reserve) = required_stake.checked_sub(&registration.stake) {
-					T::StakeAndSlash::reserve(&relayer, to_reserve).map_err(|e| {
-						log::trace!(
-							target: LOG_TARGET,
-							"Failed to reserve {:?} on relayer {:?} account: {:?}",
-							to_reserve,
-							relayer,
-							e,
-						);
-
-						Error::<T>::FailedToReserve
-					})?;
-				}
-				registration.stake = required_stake;
-
-				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Successfully registered relayer: {:?}", relayer);
-				Self::deposit_event(Event::<T>::RegistrationUpdated {
-					relayer: relayer.clone(),
-					registration,
-				});
-
-				*maybe_registration = Some(registration);
-
-				Ok(())
-			})
+							Error::<T, I>::FailedToReserve
+						})?;
+					}
+					registration.stake = required_stake;
+
+					log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Successfully registered relayer: {:?}", relayer);
+					Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::RegistrationUpdated {
+						relayer: relayer.clone(),
+						registration,
+					});
+
+					*maybe_registration = Some(registration);
+
+					Ok(())
+				},
+			)
 		}
 
 		/// `Deregister` relayer.
@@ -183,34 +200,37 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		pub fn deregister(origin: OriginFor<T>) -> DispatchResult {
 			let relayer = ensure_signed(origin)?;
 
-			RegisteredRelayers::<T>::try_mutate(&relayer, |maybe_registration| -> DispatchResult {
-				let registration = match maybe_registration.take() {
-					Some(registration) => registration,
-					None => fail!(Error::<T>::NotRegistered),
-				};
-
-				// we can't deregister until `valid_till + 1`
-				ensure!(
-					registration.valid_till < frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number(),
-					Error::<T>::RegistrationIsStillActive,
-				);
+			RegisteredRelayers::<T, I>::try_mutate(
+				&relayer,
+				|maybe_registration| -> DispatchResult {
+					let registration = match maybe_registration.take() {
+						Some(registration) => registration,
+						None => fail!(Error::<T, I>::NotRegistered),
+					};
+
+					// we can't deregister until `valid_till + 1`
+					ensure!(
+						registration.valid_till < frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number(),
+						Error::<T, I>::RegistrationIsStillActive,
+					);
 
-				// if stake is non-zero, we should do unreserve
-				if !registration.stake.is_zero() {
-					Self::do_unreserve(&relayer, registration.stake)?;
-				}
+					// if stake is non-zero, we should do unreserve
+					if !registration.stake.is_zero() {
+						Self::do_unreserve(&relayer, registration.stake)?;
+					}
 
-				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Successfully deregistered relayer: {:?}", relayer);
-				Self::deposit_event(Event::<T>::Deregistered { relayer: relayer.clone() });
+					log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Successfully deregistered relayer: {:?}", relayer);
+					Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::Deregistered { relayer: relayer.clone() });
 
-				*maybe_registration = None;
+					*maybe_registration = None;
 
-				Ok(())
-			})
+					Ok(())
+				},
+			)
 		}
 	}
 
-	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
+	impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> Pallet<T, I> {
 		/// Returns true if given relayer registration is active at current block.
 		///
 		/// This call respects both `RequiredStake` and `RequiredRegistrationLease`, meaning that
@@ -243,9 +263,9 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// It may fail inside, but error is swallowed and we only log it.
 		pub fn slash_and_deregister(
 			relayer: &T::AccountId,
-			slash_destination: ExplicitOrAccountParams<T::AccountId>,
+			slash_destination: ExplicitOrAccountParams<T::AccountId, T::LaneId>,
 		) {
-			let registration = match RegisteredRelayers::<T>::take(relayer) {
+			let registration = match RegisteredRelayers::<T, I>::take(relayer) {
 				Some(registration) => registration,
 				None => {
 					log::trace!(
@@ -304,7 +324,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 
 		/// Register reward for given relayer.
 		pub fn register_relayer_reward(
-			rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams,
+			rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams<T::LaneId>,
 			relayer: &T::AccountId,
 			reward: T::Reward,
 		) {
@@ -312,7 +332,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				return
 			}
 
-			RelayerRewards::<T>::mutate(
+			RelayerRewards::<T, I>::mutate(
 				relayer,
 				rewards_account_params,
 				|old_reward: &mut Option<T::Reward>| {
@@ -327,7 +347,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 						new_reward,
 					);
 
-					Self::deposit_event(Event::<T>::RewardRegistered {
+					Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::RewardRegistered {
 						relayer: relayer.clone(),
 						rewards_account_params,
 						reward,
@@ -366,7 +386,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					relayer,
 				);
 
-				fail!(Error::<T>::FailedToUnreserve)
+				fail!(Error::<T, I>::FailedToUnreserve)
 			}
 
 			Ok(())
@@ -375,13 +395,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 
 	#[pallet::event]
 	#[pallet::generate_deposit(pub(super) fn deposit_event)]
-	pub enum Event<T: Config> {
+	pub enum Event<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> {
 		/// Relayer reward has been registered and may be claimed later.
 		RewardRegistered {
 			/// Relayer account that can claim reward.
 			relayer: T::AccountId,
 			/// Relayer can claim reward from this account.
-			rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams,
+			rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams<T::LaneId>,
 			/// Reward amount.
 			reward: T::Reward,
 		},
@@ -390,7 +410,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			/// Relayer account that has been rewarded.
 			relayer: T::AccountId,
 			/// Relayer has received reward from this account.
-			rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams,
+			rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams<T::LaneId>,
 			/// Reward amount.
 			reward: T::Reward,
 		},
@@ -416,7 +436,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	}
 
 	#[pallet::error]
-	pub enum Error<T> {
+	pub enum Error<T, I = ()> {
 		/// No reward can be claimed by given relayer.
 		NoRewardForRelayer,
 		/// Reward payment procedure has failed.
@@ -439,13 +459,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	/// Map of the relayer => accumulated reward.
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	#[pallet::getter(fn relayer_reward)]
-	pub type RelayerRewards<T: Config> = StorageDoubleMap<
+	pub type RelayerRewards<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> = StorageDoubleMap<
 		_,
-		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Hasher1,
-		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Key1,
-		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Hasher2,
-		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Key2,
-		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Value,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Hasher1,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Key1,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Hasher2,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Key2,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Value,
 		OptionQuery,
 	>;
 
@@ -457,7 +477,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	/// relayer is present.
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	#[pallet::getter(fn registered_relayer)]
-	pub type RegisteredRelayers<T: Config> = StorageMap<
+	pub type RegisteredRelayers<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> = StorageMap<
 		_,
 		Blake2_128Concat,
 		T::AccountId,
@@ -469,10 +489,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
+	use bp_messages::LaneIdType;
 	use mock::{RuntimeEvent as TestEvent, *};
 
 	use crate::Event::{RewardPaid, RewardRegistered};
-	use bp_messages::LaneId;
 	use bp_relayers::RewardsAccountOwner;
 	use frame_support::{
 		assert_noop, assert_ok,
@@ -596,16 +616,16 @@ mod tests {
 	fn pay_reward_from_account_actually_pays_reward() {
 		type Balances = pallet_balances::Pallet<TestRuntime>;
 		type PayLaneRewardFromAccount =
-			bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount<Balances, ThisChainAccountId>;
+			bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount<Balances, ThisChainAccountId, TestLaneIdType>;
 
 		run_test(|| {
 			let in_lane_0 = RewardsAccountParams::new(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
+				TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
 				*b"test",
 				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
 			);
 			let out_lane_1 = RewardsAccountParams::new(
-				LaneId::new(1, 3),
+				TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 3).unwrap(),
 				*b"test",
 				RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain,
 			);
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/migration.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/migration.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8bf473b300c2a15eb983fb3e4c6f4c4c5dad0105
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/migration.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Parity Bridges Common.
+
+// Parity Bridges Common is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Parity Bridges Common is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Parity Bridges Common.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! A module that is responsible for migration of storage.
+
+use frame_support::{
+	traits::{Get, StorageVersion},
+	weights::Weight,
+};
+
+/// The in-code storage version.
+pub const STORAGE_VERSION: StorageVersion = StorageVersion::new(1);
+
+/// This module contains data structures that are valid for the initial state of `0`.
+/// (used with v1 migration).
+pub mod v0 {
+	use crate::{Config, Pallet};
+	use bp_relayers::RewardsAccountOwner;
+	use bp_runtime::{ChainId, StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider};
+	use codec::{Codec, Decode, Encode, EncodeLike, MaxEncodedLen};
+	use frame_support::{pallet_prelude::OptionQuery, Blake2_128Concat, Identity};
+	use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+	use sp_runtime::traits::AccountIdConversion;
+	use sp_std::marker::PhantomData;
+
+	/// Structure used to identify the account that pays a reward to the relayer.
+	#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Decode, Encode, Eq, PartialEq, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen)]
+	pub struct RewardsAccountParams<LaneId> {
+		/// lane_id
+		pub lane_id: LaneId,
+		/// bridged_chain_id
+		pub bridged_chain_id: ChainId,
+		/// owner
+		pub owner: RewardsAccountOwner,
+	}
+
+	impl<LaneId: Decode + Encode> RewardsAccountParams<LaneId> {
+		/// Create a new instance of `RewardsAccountParams`.
+		pub const fn new(
+			lane_id: LaneId,
+			bridged_chain_id: ChainId,
+			owner: RewardsAccountOwner,
+		) -> Self {
+			Self { lane_id, bridged_chain_id, owner }
+		}
+	}
+
+	impl<LaneId> sp_runtime::TypeId for RewardsAccountParams<LaneId> {
+		const TYPE_ID: [u8; 4] = *b"brap";
+	}
+
+	pub(crate) struct RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<AccountId, Reward, LaneId>(
+		PhantomData<(AccountId, Reward, LaneId)>,
+	);
+
+	impl<AccountId, Reward, LaneId> StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider
+		for RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<AccountId, Reward, LaneId>
+	where
+		AccountId: 'static + Codec + EncodeLike + Send + Sync,
+		Reward: 'static + Codec + EncodeLike + Send + Sync,
+		LaneId: Codec + EncodeLike + Send + Sync,
+	{
+		const MAP_NAME: &'static str = "RelayerRewards";
+
+		type Hasher1 = Blake2_128Concat;
+		type Key1 = AccountId;
+		type Hasher2 = Identity;
+		type Key2 = RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>;
+		type Value = Reward;
+	}
+
+	pub(crate) type RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> = RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<
+		<T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId,
+		<T as Config<I>>::Reward,
+		<T as Config<I>>::LaneId,
+	>;
+
+	#[frame_support::storage_alias]
+	pub(crate) type RelayerRewards<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> = StorageDoubleMap<
+		Pallet<T, I>,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Hasher1,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Key1,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Hasher2,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Key2,
+		<RelayerRewardsKeyProviderOf<T, I> as StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider>::Value,
+		OptionQuery,
+	>;
+
+	/// Reward account generator for `v0`.
+	pub struct PayRewardFromAccount<Account, LaneId>(PhantomData<(Account, LaneId)>);
+	impl<Account, LaneId> PayRewardFromAccount<Account, LaneId>
+	where
+		Account: Decode + Encode,
+		LaneId: Decode + Encode,
+	{
+		/// Return account that pays rewards based on the provided parameters.
+		pub fn rewards_account(params: RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>) -> Account {
+			params.into_sub_account_truncating(b"rewards-account")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// This migration updates `RelayerRewards` where `RewardsAccountParams` was used as the key with
+/// `lane_id` as the first attribute, which affects `into_sub_account_truncating`. We are migrating
+/// this key to use the new `RewardsAccountParams` where `lane_id` is the last attribute.
+pub mod v1 {
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::{Config, Pallet};
+	use bp_relayers::RewardsAccountParams;
+	use frame_support::traits::UncheckedOnRuntimeUpgrade;
+	use sp_std::marker::PhantomData;
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	use crate::RelayerRewards;
+
+	/// Migrates the pallet storage to v1.
+	pub struct UncheckedMigrationV0ToV1<T, I>(PhantomData<(T, I)>);
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	const LOG_TARGET: &str = "runtime::bridge-relayers-migration";
+
+	impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> UncheckedOnRuntimeUpgrade for UncheckedMigrationV0ToV1<T, I> {
+		fn on_runtime_upgrade() -> Weight {
+			let mut weight = T::DbWeight::get().reads(1);
+
+			// list all rewards (we cannot do this as one step because of `drain` limitation)
+			let mut rewards_to_migrate =
+				sp_std::vec::Vec::with_capacity(v0::RelayerRewards::<T, I>::iter().count());
+			for (key1, key2, reward) in v0::RelayerRewards::<T, I>::drain() {
+				rewards_to_migrate.push((key1, key2, reward));
+				weight.saturating_accrue(T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(1, 1));
+			}
+
+			// re-register rewards with new format of `RewardsAccountParams`.
+			for (key1, key2, reward) in rewards_to_migrate {
+				// expand old key
+				let v0::RewardsAccountParams { owner, lane_id, bridged_chain_id } = key2;
+
+				// re-register reward
+				Pallet::<T, I>::register_relayer_reward(
+					v1::RewardsAccountParams::new(lane_id, bridged_chain_id, owner),
+					&key1,
+					reward,
+				);
+				weight.saturating_accrue(T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(1, 1));
+			}
+
+			weight
+		}
+
+		#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+		fn pre_upgrade() -> Result<sp_std::vec::Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::DispatchError> {
+			use codec::Encode;
+			use frame_support::BoundedBTreeMap;
+			use sp_runtime::traits::ConstU32;
+
+			// collect actual rewards
+			let mut rewards: BoundedBTreeMap<
+				(T::AccountId, T::LaneId),
+				T::Reward,
+				ConstU32<{ u32::MAX }>,
+			> = BoundedBTreeMap::new();
+			for (key1, key2, reward) in v0::RelayerRewards::<T, I>::iter() {
+				log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Reward to migrate: {key1:?}::{key2:?} - {reward:?}");
+				rewards = rewards
+					.try_mutate(|inner| {
+						inner
+							.entry((key1.clone(), key2.lane_id))
+							.and_modify(|value| *value += reward)
+							.or_insert(reward);
+					})
+					.unwrap();
+			}
+			log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Found total rewards to migrate: {rewards:?}");
+
+			Ok(rewards.encode())
+		}
+
+		#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+		fn post_upgrade(state: sp_std::vec::Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), sp_runtime::DispatchError> {
+			use codec::Decode;
+			use frame_support::BoundedBTreeMap;
+			use sp_runtime::traits::ConstU32;
+
+			let rewards_before: BoundedBTreeMap<
+				(T::AccountId, T::LaneId),
+				T::Reward,
+				ConstU32<{ u32::MAX }>,
+			> = Decode::decode(&mut &state[..]).unwrap();
+
+			// collect migrated rewards
+			let mut rewards_after: BoundedBTreeMap<
+				(T::AccountId, T::LaneId),
+				T::Reward,
+				ConstU32<{ u32::MAX }>,
+			> = BoundedBTreeMap::new();
+			for (key1, key2, reward) in v1::RelayerRewards::<T, I>::iter() {
+				log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Migrated rewards: {key1:?}::{key2:?} - {reward:?}");
+				rewards_after = rewards_after
+					.try_mutate(|inner| {
+						inner
+							.entry((key1.clone(), *key2.lane_id()))
+							.and_modify(|value| *value += reward)
+							.or_insert(reward);
+					})
+					.unwrap();
+			}
+			log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Found total migrated rewards: {rewards_after:?}");
+
+			frame_support::ensure!(
+				rewards_before == rewards_after,
+				"The rewards were not migrated correctly!."
+			);
+
+			log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "migrated all.");
+			Ok(())
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// [`UncheckedMigrationV0ToV1`] wrapped in a
+	/// [`VersionedMigration`](frame_support::migrations::VersionedMigration), ensuring the
+	/// migration is only performed when on-chain version is 0.
+	pub type MigrationToV1<T, I> = frame_support::migrations::VersionedMigration<
+		0,
+		1,
+		UncheckedMigrationV0ToV1<T, I>,
+		Pallet<T, I>,
+		<T as frame_system::Config>::DbWeight,
+	>;
+}
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/mock.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/mock.rs
index de1d292b7c0f022d9b94213dd3a8ecea814f409a..d186e968e648264a81e465ff01c4bf1d6082b048 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/mock.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/mock.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use crate as pallet_bridge_relayers;
 use bp_header_chain::ChainWithGrandpa;
 use bp_messages::{
 	target_chain::{DispatchMessage, MessageDispatch},
-	ChainWithMessages, LaneId, MessageNonce,
+	ChainWithMessages, HashedLaneId, LaneIdType, MessageNonce,
 };
 use bp_parachains::SingleParaStoredHeaderDataBuilder;
 use bp_relayers::{
@@ -75,6 +75,13 @@ pub const TEST_BRIDGED_CHAIN_ID: ChainId = *b"brdg";
 /// Maximal extrinsic size at the `BridgedChain`.
 pub const BRIDGED_CHAIN_MAX_EXTRINSIC_SIZE: u32 = 1024;
 
+/// Lane identifier type used for tests.
+pub type TestLaneIdType = HashedLaneId;
+/// Lane that we're using in tests.
+pub fn test_lane_id() -> TestLaneIdType {
+	TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap()
+}
+
 /// Underlying chain of `ThisChain`.
 pub struct ThisUnderlyingChain;
 
@@ -253,10 +260,10 @@ impl pallet_bridge_messages::Config for TestRuntime {
 	type WeightInfo = pallet_bridge_messages::weights::BridgeWeight<TestRuntime>;
 
 	type OutboundPayload = Vec<u8>;
-
 	type InboundPayload = Vec<u8>;
-	type DeliveryPayments = ();
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
+	type DeliveryPayments = ();
 	type DeliveryConfirmationPayments = pallet_bridge_relayers::DeliveryConfirmationPaymentsAdapter<
 		TestRuntime,
 		(),
@@ -276,15 +283,20 @@ impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config for TestRuntime {
 	type PaymentProcedure = TestPaymentProcedure;
 	type StakeAndSlash = TestStakeAndSlash;
 	type WeightInfo = ();
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 impl pallet_bridge_relayers::benchmarking::Config for TestRuntime {
-	fn prepare_rewards_account(account_params: RewardsAccountParams, reward: ThisChainBalance) {
-		let rewards_account =
-			bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount::<Balances, ThisChainAccountId>::rewards_account(
-				account_params,
-			);
+	fn prepare_rewards_account(
+		account_params: RewardsAccountParams<Self::LaneId>,
+		reward: Self::Reward,
+	) {
+		let rewards_account = bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount::<
+			Balances,
+			ThisChainAccountId,
+			Self::LaneId,
+		>::rewards_account(account_params);
 		Self::deposit_account(rewards_account, reward);
 	}
 
@@ -306,17 +318,18 @@ pub const REGISTER_RELAYER: ThisChainAccountId = 42;
 pub struct TestPaymentProcedure;
 
 impl TestPaymentProcedure {
-	pub fn rewards_account(params: RewardsAccountParams) -> ThisChainAccountId {
-		PayRewardFromAccount::<(), ThisChainAccountId>::rewards_account(params)
+	pub fn rewards_account(params: RewardsAccountParams<TestLaneIdType>) -> ThisChainAccountId {
+		PayRewardFromAccount::<(), ThisChainAccountId, TestLaneIdType>::rewards_account(params)
 	}
 }
 
 impl PaymentProcedure<ThisChainAccountId, ThisChainBalance> for TestPaymentProcedure {
 	type Error = ();
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
 	fn pay_reward(
 		relayer: &ThisChainAccountId,
-		_lane_id: RewardsAccountParams,
+		_lane_id: RewardsAccountParams<Self::LaneId>,
 		_reward: ThisChainBalance,
 	) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
 		match *relayer {
@@ -330,7 +343,7 @@ impl PaymentProcedure<ThisChainAccountId, ThisChainBalance> for TestPaymentProce
 pub struct DummyMessageDispatch;
 
 impl DummyMessageDispatch {
-	pub fn deactivate(lane: LaneId) {
+	pub fn deactivate(lane: TestLaneIdType) {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::put(&(b"inactive", lane).encode()[..], &false);
 	}
 }
@@ -338,26 +351,33 @@ impl DummyMessageDispatch {
 impl MessageDispatch for DummyMessageDispatch {
 	type DispatchPayload = Vec<u8>;
 	type DispatchLevelResult = ();
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
-	fn is_active(lane: LaneId) -> bool {
+	fn is_active(lane: Self::LaneId) -> bool {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::take::<bool>(&(b"inactive", lane).encode()[..]) !=
 			Some(false)
 	}
 
-	fn dispatch_weight(_message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>) -> Weight {
+	fn dispatch_weight(
+		_message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> Weight {
 		Weight::zero()
 	}
 
 	fn dispatch(
-		_: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>,
+		_: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
 	) -> MessageDispatchResult<Self::DispatchLevelResult> {
 		MessageDispatchResult { unspent_weight: Weight::zero(), dispatch_level_result: () }
 	}
 }
 
 /// Reward account params that we are using in tests.
-pub fn test_reward_account_param() -> RewardsAccountParams {
-	RewardsAccountParams::new(LaneId::new(1, 2), *b"test", RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain)
+pub fn test_reward_account_param() -> RewardsAccountParams<TestLaneIdType> {
+	RewardsAccountParams::new(
+		TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
+		*b"test",
+		RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+	)
 }
 
 /// Return test externalities to use in tests.
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/payment_adapter.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/payment_adapter.rs
index 3693793a3e5cac36d7fc46574abf2153249e4467..5383cba5ecbddcf565aaabcb6852d970c6fcdcb8 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/payment_adapter.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/payment_adapter.rs
@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@ use crate::{Config, Pallet};
 
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::{DeliveryConfirmationPayments, RelayersRewards},
-	LaneId, MessageNonce,
+	MessageNonce,
 };
 use bp_relayers::{RewardsAccountOwner, RewardsAccountParams};
 use bp_runtime::Chain;
 use frame_support::{sp_runtime::SaturatedConversion, traits::Get};
+use pallet_bridge_messages::LaneIdOf;
 use sp_arithmetic::traits::{Saturating, Zero};
 use sp_std::{collections::vec_deque::VecDeque, marker::PhantomData, ops::RangeInclusive};
 
@@ -34,17 +35,17 @@ pub struct DeliveryConfirmationPaymentsAdapter<T, MI, DeliveryReward>(
 	PhantomData<(T, MI, DeliveryReward)>,
 );
 
-impl<T, MI, DeliveryReward> DeliveryConfirmationPayments<T::AccountId>
+impl<T, MI, DeliveryReward> DeliveryConfirmationPayments<T::AccountId, LaneIdOf<T, MI>>
 	for DeliveryConfirmationPaymentsAdapter<T, MI, DeliveryReward>
 where
-	T: Config + pallet_bridge_messages::Config<MI>,
+	T: Config + pallet_bridge_messages::Config<MI, LaneId = <T as Config>::LaneId>,
 	MI: 'static,
 	DeliveryReward: Get<T::Reward>,
 {
 	type Error = &'static str;
 
 	fn pay_reward(
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: LaneIdOf<T, MI>,
 		messages_relayers: VecDeque<bp_messages::UnrewardedRelayer<T::AccountId>>,
 		confirmation_relayer: &T::AccountId,
 		received_range: &RangeInclusive<bp_messages::MessageNonce>,
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ where
 fn register_relayers_rewards<T: Config>(
 	confirmation_relayer: &T::AccountId,
 	relayers_rewards: RelayersRewards<T::AccountId>,
-	lane_id: RewardsAccountParams,
+	lane_id: RewardsAccountParams<T::LaneId>,
 	delivery_fee: T::Reward,
 ) {
 	// reward every relayer except `confirmation_relayer`
diff --git a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/stake_adapter.rs b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/stake_adapter.rs
index 0c965e9e6bff8182e9c45498faa3cb4535a87b62..1792f0be8316acfc9b32508198654c035cc51289 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/relayers/src/stake_adapter.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/relayers/src/stake_adapter.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 //! mechanism of the relayers pallet.
 
 use bp_relayers::{ExplicitOrAccountParams, PayRewardFromAccount, StakeAndSlash};
-use codec::Codec;
+use codec::{Codec, Decode, Encode};
 use frame_support::traits::{tokens::BalanceStatus, NamedReservableCurrency};
 use sp_runtime::{traits::Get, DispatchError, DispatchResult};
 use sp_std::{fmt::Debug, marker::PhantomData};
@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@ where
 		Currency::unreserve_named(&ReserveId::get(), relayer, amount)
 	}
 
-	fn repatriate_reserved(
+	fn repatriate_reserved<LaneId: Decode + Encode>(
 		relayer: &AccountId,
-		beneficiary: ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId>,
+		beneficiary: ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId, LaneId>,
 		amount: Currency::Balance,
 	) -> Result<Currency::Balance, DispatchError> {
 		let beneficiary_account = match beneficiary {
 			ExplicitOrAccountParams::Explicit(account) => account,
 			ExplicitOrAccountParams::Params(params) =>
-				PayRewardFromAccount::<(), AccountId>::rewards_account(params),
+				PayRewardFromAccount::<(), AccountId, LaneId>::rewards_account(params),
 		};
 		Currency::repatriate_reserved_named(
 			&ReserveId::get(),
diff --git a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub-router/src/lib.rs b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub-router/src/lib.rs
index 7ba524e95b1d0799debf0041214a2ffe19dd34ca..fe8f5a2efdfb8ad2f166941a841def915bc103b0 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub-router/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub-router/src/lib.rs
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		type DestinationVersion: GetVersion;
 
 		/// Actual message sender (`HRMP` or `DMP`) to the sibling bridge hub location.
-		type ToBridgeHubSender: SendXcm + InspectMessageQueues;
+		type ToBridgeHubSender: SendXcm;
 		/// Local XCM channel manager.
 		type LocalXcmChannelManager: XcmChannelStatusProvider;
 
@@ -408,12 +408,12 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> SendXcm for Pallet<T, I> {
 }
 
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> InspectMessageQueues for Pallet<T, I> {
-	fn clear_messages() {
-		ViaBridgeHubExporter::<T, I>::clear_messages()
-	}
+	fn clear_messages() {}
 
+	/// This router needs to implement `InspectMessageQueues` but doesn't have to
+	/// return any messages, since it just reuses the `XcmpQueue` router.
 	fn get_messages() -> Vec<(VersionedLocation, Vec<VersionedXcm<()>>)> {
-		ViaBridgeHubExporter::<T, I>::get_messages()
+		Vec::new()
 	}
 }
 
@@ -646,34 +646,13 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	#[test]
-	fn get_messages_works() {
+	fn get_messages_does_not_return_anything() {
 		run_test(|| {
 			assert_ok!(send_xcm::<XcmBridgeHubRouter>(
 				(Parent, Parent, GlobalConsensus(BridgedNetworkId::get()), Parachain(1000)).into(),
 				vec![ClearOrigin].into()
 			));
-			assert_eq!(
-				XcmBridgeHubRouter::get_messages(),
-				vec![(
-					VersionedLocation::V4((Parent, Parachain(1002)).into()),
-					vec![VersionedXcm::V4(
-						Xcm::builder()
-							.withdraw_asset((Parent, 1_002_000))
-							.buy_execution((Parent, 1_002_000), Unlimited)
-							.set_appendix(
-								Xcm::builder_unsafe()
-									.deposit_asset(AllCounted(1), (Parent, Parachain(1000)))
-									.build()
-							)
-							.export_message(
-								Kusama,
-								Parachain(1000),
-								Xcm::builder_unsafe().clear_origin().build()
-							)
-							.build()
-					)],
-				),],
-			);
+			assert_eq!(XcmBridgeHubRouter::get_messages(), vec![]);
 		});
 	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/dispatcher.rs b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/dispatcher.rs
index 2412bb0f3bb0cb14ea00c702d701e92e5286cb43..dd855c7069aadf1fc95840c462530cd7bb7bcb00 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/dispatcher.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/dispatcher.rs
@@ -23,10 +23,7 @@
 
 use crate::{Config, Pallet, LOG_TARGET};
 
-use bp_messages::{
-	target_chain::{DispatchMessage, MessageDispatch},
-	LaneId,
-};
+use bp_messages::target_chain::{DispatchMessage, MessageDispatch};
 use bp_runtime::messages::MessageDispatchResult;
 use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::{LocalXcmChannelManager, XcmAsPlainPayload};
 use codec::{Decode, Encode};
@@ -58,15 +55,18 @@ where
 {
 	type DispatchPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload;
 	type DispatchLevelResult = XcmBlobMessageDispatchResult;
+	type LaneId = T::LaneId;
 
-	fn is_active(lane: LaneId) -> bool {
+	fn is_active(lane: Self::LaneId) -> bool {
 		Pallet::<T, I>::bridge_by_lane_id(&lane)
 			.and_then(|(_, bridge)| bridge.bridge_origin_relative_location.try_as().cloned().ok())
 			.map(|recipient: Location| !T::LocalXcmChannelManager::is_congested(&recipient))
 			.unwrap_or(false)
 	}
 
-	fn dispatch_weight(message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>) -> Weight {
+	fn dispatch_weight(
+		message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> Weight {
 		match message.data.payload {
 			Ok(ref payload) => {
 				let payload_size = payload.encoded_size().saturated_into();
@@ -77,14 +77,14 @@ where
 	}
 
 	fn dispatch(
-		message: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>,
+		message: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
 	) -> MessageDispatchResult<Self::DispatchLevelResult> {
 		let payload = match message.data.payload {
 			Ok(payload) => payload,
 			Err(e) => {
 				log::error!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
-					"dispatch - payload error: {e:?} for lane_id: {} and message_nonce: {:?}",
+					"dispatch - payload error: {e:?} for lane_id: {:?} and message_nonce: {:?}",
 					message.key.lane_id,
 					message.key.nonce
 				);
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ where
 			Ok(_) => {
 				log::debug!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
-					"dispatch - `DispatchBlob::dispatch_blob` was ok for lane_id: {} and message_nonce: {:?}",
+					"dispatch - `DispatchBlob::dispatch_blob` was ok for lane_id: {:?} and message_nonce: {:?}",
 					message.key.lane_id,
 					message.key.nonce
 				);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ where
 			Err(e) => {
 				log::error!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
-					"dispatch - `DispatchBlob::dispatch_blob` failed with error: {e:?} for lane_id: {} and message_nonce: {:?}",
+					"dispatch - `DispatchBlob::dispatch_blob` failed with error: {e:?} for lane_id: {:?} and message_nonce: {:?}",
 					message.key.lane_id,
 					message.key.nonce
 				);
@@ -123,13 +123,13 @@ mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 	use crate::{mock::*, Bridges, LaneToBridge, LanesManagerOf};
 
-	use bp_messages::{target_chain::DispatchMessageData, MessageKey};
+	use bp_messages::{target_chain::DispatchMessageData, LaneIdType, MessageKey};
 	use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::{Bridge, BridgeLocations, BridgeState};
 	use frame_support::assert_ok;
 	use pallet_bridge_messages::InboundLaneStorage;
 	use xcm_executor::traits::ConvertLocation;
 
-	fn bridge() -> (Box<BridgeLocations>, LaneId) {
+	fn bridge() -> (Box<BridgeLocations>, TestLaneIdType) {
 		let origin = OpenBridgeOrigin::sibling_parachain_origin();
 		let with = bridged_asset_hub_universal_location();
 		let locations =
@@ -194,16 +194,16 @@ mod tests {
 		});
 	}
 
-	fn invalid_message() -> DispatchMessage<Vec<u8>> {
+	fn invalid_message() -> DispatchMessage<Vec<u8>, TestLaneIdType> {
 		DispatchMessage {
-			key: MessageKey { lane_id: LaneId::new(1, 2), nonce: 1 },
+			key: MessageKey { lane_id: TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(), nonce: 1 },
 			data: DispatchMessageData { payload: Err(codec::Error::from("test")) },
 		}
 	}
 
-	fn valid_message() -> DispatchMessage<Vec<u8>> {
+	fn valid_message() -> DispatchMessage<Vec<u8>, TestLaneIdType> {
 		DispatchMessage {
-			key: MessageKey { lane_id: LaneId::new(1, 2), nonce: 1 },
+			key: MessageKey { lane_id: TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(), nonce: 1 },
 			data: DispatchMessageData { payload: Ok(vec![42]) },
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/exporter.rs b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/exporter.rs
index b42ae1e267f4be55d5fd0efff7e39cd95bc19cc0..5afb9f36bc9414bde920eec3d3e84bc7487f711d 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/exporter.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/exporter.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use crate::{BridgeOf, Bridges};
 
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::{MessagesBridge, OnMessagesDelivered},
-	LaneId, MessageNonce,
+	MessageNonce,
 };
 use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::{BridgeId, BridgeState, LocalXcmChannelManager, XcmAsPlainPayload};
 use frame_support::{ensure, traits::Get};
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ where
 	type Ticket = (
 		BridgeId,
 		BridgeOf<T, I>,
-		<MessagesPallet<T, I> as MessagesBridge<T::OutboundPayload>>::SendMessageArgs,
+		<MessagesPallet<T, I> as MessagesBridge<T::OutboundPayload, T::LaneId>>::SendMessageArgs,
 		XcmHash,
 	);
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ where
 						"Destination: {dest:?} is already universal, checking dest_network: {dest_network:?} and network: {network:?} if matches: {:?}",
 						dest_network == network
 					);
-					ensure!(dest_network == network, SendError::Unroutable);
+					ensure!(dest_network == network, SendError::NotApplicable);
 					// ok, `dest` looks like a universal location, so let's use it
 					dest
 				},
@@ -108,23 +108,12 @@ where
 							error_data.0,
 							error_data.1,
 						);
-						SendError::Unroutable
+						SendError::NotApplicable
 					})?
 				},
 			}
 		};
 
-		// check if we are able to route the message. We use existing `HaulBlobExporter` for that.
-		// It will make all required changes and will encode message properly, so that the
-		// `DispatchBlob` at the bridged bridge hub will be able to decode it
-		let ((blob, id), price) = PalletAsHaulBlobExporter::<T, I>::validate(
-			network,
-			channel,
-			universal_source,
-			destination,
-			message,
-		)?;
-
 		// prepare the origin relative location
 		let bridge_origin_relative_location =
 			bridge_origin_universal_location.relative_to(&T::UniversalLocation::get());
@@ -139,9 +128,28 @@ where
 				target: LOG_TARGET,
 				"Validate `bridge_locations` with error: {e:?}",
 			);
-			SendError::Unroutable
+			SendError::NotApplicable
+		})?;
+		let bridge = Self::bridge(locations.bridge_id()).ok_or_else(|| {
+			log::error!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"No opened bridge for requested bridge_origin_relative_location: {:?} and bridge_destination_universal_location: {:?}",
+				locations.bridge_origin_relative_location(),
+				locations.bridge_destination_universal_location(),
+			);
+			SendError::NotApplicable
 		})?;
-		let bridge = Self::bridge(locations.bridge_id()).ok_or(SendError::Unroutable)?;
+
+		// check if we are able to route the message. We use existing `HaulBlobExporter` for that.
+		// It will make all required changes and will encode message properly, so that the
+		// `DispatchBlob` at the bridged bridge hub will be able to decode it
+		let ((blob, id), price) = PalletAsHaulBlobExporter::<T, I>::validate(
+			network,
+			channel,
+			universal_source,
+			destination,
+			message,
+		)?;
 
 		let bridge_message = MessagesPallet::<T, I>::validate_message(bridge.lane_id, &blob)
 			.map_err(|e| {
@@ -190,8 +198,8 @@ where
 	}
 }
 
-impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> OnMessagesDelivered for Pallet<T, I> {
-	fn on_messages_delivered(lane_id: LaneId, enqueued_messages: MessageNonce) {
+impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> OnMessagesDelivered<T::LaneId> for Pallet<T, I> {
+	fn on_messages_delivered(lane_id: T::LaneId, enqueued_messages: MessageNonce) {
 		Self::on_bridge_messages_delivered(lane_id, enqueued_messages);
 	}
 }
@@ -265,7 +273,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> Pallet<T, I> {
 	}
 
 	/// Must be called whenever we receive a message delivery confirmation.
-	fn on_bridge_messages_delivered(lane_id: LaneId, enqueued_messages: MessageNonce) {
+	fn on_bridge_messages_delivered(lane_id: T::LaneId, enqueued_messages: MessageNonce) {
 		// if the bridge queue is still congested, we don't want to do anything
 		let is_congested = enqueued_messages > OUTBOUND_LANE_UNCONGESTED_THRESHOLD;
 		if is_congested {
@@ -373,7 +381,7 @@ mod tests {
 		BridgedUniversalDestination::get()
 	}
 
-	fn open_lane() -> (BridgeLocations, LaneId) {
+	fn open_lane() -> (BridgeLocations, TestLaneIdType) {
 		// open expected outbound lane
 		let origin = OpenBridgeOrigin::sibling_parachain_origin();
 		let with = bridged_asset_hub_universal_location();
@@ -430,7 +438,7 @@ mod tests {
 		(*locations, lane_id)
 	}
 
-	fn open_lane_and_send_regular_message() -> (BridgeId, LaneId) {
+	fn open_lane_and_send_regular_message() -> (BridgeId, TestLaneIdType) {
 		let (locations, lane_id) = open_lane();
 
 		// now let's try to enqueue message using our `ExportXcm` implementation
@@ -466,7 +474,7 @@ mod tests {
 		run_test(|| {
 			let (bridge_id, _) = open_lane_and_send_regular_message();
 			assert!(!TestLocalXcmChannelManager::is_bridge_suspened());
-			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Opened);
+			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(&bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Opened);
 		});
 	}
 
@@ -495,11 +503,11 @@ mod tests {
 			}
 
 			assert!(!TestLocalXcmChannelManager::is_bridge_suspened());
-			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Opened);
+			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(&bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Opened);
 
 			open_lane_and_send_regular_message();
 			assert!(TestLocalXcmChannelManager::is_bridge_suspened());
-			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Suspended);
+			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(&bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Suspended);
 		});
 	}
 
@@ -516,7 +524,7 @@ mod tests {
 			);
 
 			assert!(!TestLocalXcmChannelManager::is_bridge_resumed());
-			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Suspended);
+			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(&bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Suspended);
 		});
 	}
 
@@ -530,7 +538,7 @@ mod tests {
 			);
 
 			assert!(!TestLocalXcmChannelManager::is_bridge_resumed());
-			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Opened);
+			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(&bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Opened);
 		});
 	}
 
@@ -547,7 +555,7 @@ mod tests {
 			);
 
 			assert!(TestLocalXcmChannelManager::is_bridge_resumed());
-			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Opened);
+			assert_eq!(XcmOverBridge::bridge(&bridge_id).unwrap().state, BridgeState::Opened);
 		});
 	}
 
@@ -679,4 +687,97 @@ mod tests {
 			);
 		})
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn validate_works() {
+		run_test(|| {
+			let xcm: Xcm<()> = vec![ClearOrigin].into();
+
+			// check that router does not consume when `NotApplicable`
+			let mut xcm_wrapper = Some(xcm.clone());
+			let mut universal_source_wrapper = Some(universal_source());
+
+			// wrong `NetworkId`
+			let mut dest_wrapper = Some(bridged_relative_destination());
+			assert_eq!(
+				XcmOverBridge::validate(
+					NetworkId::ByGenesis([0; 32]),
+					0,
+					&mut universal_source_wrapper,
+					&mut dest_wrapper,
+					&mut xcm_wrapper,
+				),
+				Err(SendError::NotApplicable),
+			);
+			// dest and xcm is NOT consumed and untouched
+			assert_eq!(&Some(xcm.clone()), &xcm_wrapper);
+			assert_eq!(&Some(universal_source()), &universal_source_wrapper);
+			assert_eq!(&Some(bridged_relative_destination()), &dest_wrapper);
+
+			// dest starts with wrong `NetworkId`
+			let mut invalid_dest_wrapper = Some(
+				[GlobalConsensus(NetworkId::ByGenesis([0; 32])), Parachain(BRIDGED_ASSET_HUB_ID)]
+					.into(),
+			);
+			assert_eq!(
+				XcmOverBridge::validate(
+					BridgedRelayNetwork::get(),
+					0,
+					&mut Some(universal_source()),
+					&mut invalid_dest_wrapper,
+					&mut xcm_wrapper,
+				),
+				Err(SendError::NotApplicable),
+			);
+			// dest and xcm is NOT consumed and untouched
+			assert_eq!(&Some(xcm.clone()), &xcm_wrapper);
+			assert_eq!(&Some(universal_source()), &universal_source_wrapper);
+			assert_eq!(
+				&Some(
+					[
+						GlobalConsensus(NetworkId::ByGenesis([0; 32]),),
+						Parachain(BRIDGED_ASSET_HUB_ID)
+					]
+					.into()
+				),
+				&invalid_dest_wrapper
+			);
+
+			// no opened lane for dest
+			let mut dest_without_lane_wrapper =
+				Some([GlobalConsensus(BridgedRelayNetwork::get()), Parachain(5679)].into());
+			assert_eq!(
+				XcmOverBridge::validate(
+					BridgedRelayNetwork::get(),
+					0,
+					&mut Some(universal_source()),
+					&mut dest_without_lane_wrapper,
+					&mut xcm_wrapper,
+				),
+				Err(SendError::NotApplicable),
+			);
+			// dest and xcm is NOT consumed and untouched
+			assert_eq!(&Some(xcm.clone()), &xcm_wrapper);
+			assert_eq!(&Some(universal_source()), &universal_source_wrapper);
+			assert_eq!(
+				&Some([GlobalConsensus(BridgedRelayNetwork::get(),), Parachain(5679)].into()),
+				&dest_without_lane_wrapper
+			);
+
+			// ok
+			let _ = open_lane();
+			let mut dest_wrapper = Some(bridged_relative_destination());
+			assert_ok!(XcmOverBridge::validate(
+				BridgedRelayNetwork::get(),
+				0,
+				&mut Some(universal_source()),
+				&mut dest_wrapper,
+				&mut xcm_wrapper,
+			));
+			// dest and xcm IS consumed
+			assert_eq!(None, xcm_wrapper);
+			assert_eq!(&Some(universal_source()), &universal_source_wrapper);
+			assert_eq!(None, dest_wrapper);
+		});
+	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/lib.rs b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/lib.rs
index 02d578386a7501894ac2b96400578ecf22f2ff77..1b2536598a202892052d395284d88c682448c801 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/lib.rs
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
 #![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
 
-use bp_messages::{LaneId, LaneState, MessageNonce};
+use bp_messages::{LaneState, MessageNonce};
 use bp_runtime::{AccountIdOf, BalanceOf, RangeInclusiveExt};
 pub use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::{Bridge, BridgeId, BridgeState};
 use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::{BridgeLocations, BridgeLocationsError, LocalXcmChannelManager};
@@ -213,9 +213,8 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		type DestinationVersion: GetVersion;
 
 		/// The origin that is allowed to call privileged operations on the pallet, e.g. open/close
-		/// bridge for location that coresponds to `Self::BridgeOriginAccountIdConverter` and
-		/// `Self::BridgedNetwork`.
-		type AdminOrigin: EnsureOrigin<<Self as SystemConfig>::RuntimeOrigin>;
+		/// bridge for locations.
+		type ForceOrigin: EnsureOrigin<<Self as SystemConfig>::RuntimeOrigin>;
 		/// A set of XCM locations within local consensus system that are allowed to open
 		/// bridges with remote destinations.
 		type OpenBridgeOrigin: EnsureOrigin<
@@ -248,10 +247,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	}
 
 	/// An alias for the bridge metadata.
-	pub type BridgeOf<T, I> = Bridge<ThisChainOf<T, I>>;
+	pub type BridgeOf<T, I> = Bridge<ThisChainOf<T, I>, LaneIdOf<T, I>>;
 	/// An alias for this chain.
 	pub type ThisChainOf<T, I> =
 		pallet_bridge_messages::ThisChainOf<T, <T as Config<I>>::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>;
+	/// An alias for lane identifier type.
+	pub type LaneIdOf<T, I> =
+		<T as BridgeMessagesConfig<<T as Config<I>>::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>>::LaneId;
 	/// An alias for the associated lanes manager.
 	pub type LanesManagerOf<T, I> =
 		pallet_bridge_messages::LanesManager<T, <T as Config<I>>::BridgeMessagesPalletInstance>;
@@ -392,7 +394,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				// deposit the `ClosingBridge` event
 				Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::ClosingBridge {
 					bridge_id: *locations.bridge_id(),
-					lane_id: bridge.lane_id,
+					lane_id: bridge.lane_id.into(),
 					pruned_messages,
 					enqueued_messages,
 				});
@@ -413,7 +415,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				bridge.deposit,
 				Precision::BestEffort,
 			)
-			.map_err(|e| {
+			.inspect_err(|e| {
 				// we can't do anything here - looks like funds have been (partially) unreserved
 				// before by someone else. Let's not fail, though - it'll be worse for the caller
 				log::error!(
@@ -421,7 +423,6 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					"Failed to unreserve during the bridge {:?} closure with error: {e:?}",
 					locations.bridge_id(),
 				);
-				e
 			})
 			.ok()
 			.unwrap_or(BalanceOf::<ThisChainOf<T, I>>::zero());
@@ -439,7 +440,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			// deposit the `BridgePruned` event
 			Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::BridgePruned {
 				bridge_id: *locations.bridge_id(),
-				lane_id: bridge.lane_id,
+				lane_id: bridge.lane_id.into(),
 				bridge_deposit: released_deposit,
 				pruned_messages,
 			});
@@ -449,9 +450,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	}
 
 	impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> Pallet<T, I> {
-		pub(crate) fn do_open_bridge(
+		/// Open bridge for lane.
+		pub fn do_open_bridge(
 			locations: Box<BridgeLocations>,
-			lane_id: LaneId,
+			lane_id: T::LaneId,
 			create_lanes: bool,
 		) -> Result<(), DispatchError> {
 			// reserve balance on the origin's sovereign account (if needed)
@@ -542,7 +544,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				remote_endpoint: Box::new(
 					locations.bridge_destination_universal_location().clone(),
 				),
-				lane_id,
+				lane_id: lane_id.into(),
 			});
 
 			Ok(())
@@ -585,10 +587,15 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			})
 		}
 
+		/// Return bridge metadata by bridge_id
+		pub fn bridge(bridge_id: &BridgeId) -> Option<BridgeOf<T, I>> {
+			Bridges::<T, I>::get(bridge_id)
+		}
+
 		/// Return bridge metadata by lane_id
-		pub fn bridge_by_lane_id(lane_id: &LaneId) -> Option<(BridgeId, BridgeOf<T, I>)> {
+		pub fn bridge_by_lane_id(lane_id: &T::LaneId) -> Option<(BridgeId, BridgeOf<T, I>)> {
 			LaneToBridge::<T, I>::get(lane_id)
-				.and_then(|bridge_id| Self::bridge(bridge_id).map(|bridge| (bridge_id, bridge)))
+				.and_then(|bridge_id| Self::bridge(&bridge_id).map(|bridge| (bridge_id, bridge)))
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -634,7 +641,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		pub fn do_try_state_for_bridge(
 			bridge_id: BridgeId,
 			bridge: BridgeOf<T, I>,
-		) -> Result<LaneId, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
+		) -> Result<T::LaneId, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
 			log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Checking `do_try_state_for_bridge` for bridge_id: {bridge_id:?} and bridge: {bridge:?}");
 
 			// check `BridgeId` points to the same `LaneId` and vice versa.
@@ -707,13 +714,12 @@ pub mod pallet {
 
 	/// All registered bridges.
 	#[pallet::storage]
-	#[pallet::getter(fn bridge)]
 	pub type Bridges<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> =
 		StorageMap<_, Identity, BridgeId, BridgeOf<T, I>>;
 	/// All registered `lane_id` and `bridge_id` mappings.
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	pub type LaneToBridge<T: Config<I>, I: 'static = ()> =
-		StorageMap<_, Identity, LaneId, BridgeId>;
+		StorageMap<_, Identity, T::LaneId, BridgeId>;
 
 	#[pallet::genesis_config]
 	#[derive(DefaultNoBound)]
@@ -723,7 +729,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// Keep in mind that we are **NOT** reserving any amount for the bridges opened at
 		/// genesis. We are **NOT** opening lanes, used by this bridge. It all must be done using
 		/// other pallets genesis configuration or some other means.
-		pub opened_bridges: Vec<(Location, InteriorLocation)>,
+		pub opened_bridges: Vec<(Location, InteriorLocation, Option<T::LaneId>)>,
 		/// Dummy marker.
 		#[serde(skip)]
 		pub _phantom: sp_std::marker::PhantomData<(T, I)>,
@@ -735,48 +741,26 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		T: frame_system::Config<AccountId = AccountIdOf<ThisChainOf<T, I>>>,
 	{
 		fn build(&self) {
-			for (bridge_origin_relative_location, bridge_destination_universal_location) in
-				&self.opened_bridges
+			for (
+				bridge_origin_relative_location,
+				bridge_destination_universal_location,
+				maybe_lane_id,
+			) in &self.opened_bridges
 			{
 				let locations = Pallet::<T, I>::bridge_locations(
 					bridge_origin_relative_location.clone(),
 					bridge_destination_universal_location.clone().into(),
 				)
 				.expect("Invalid genesis configuration");
-				let lane_id =
-					locations.calculate_lane_id(xcm::latest::VERSION).expect("Valid locations");
-				let bridge_owner_account = T::BridgeOriginAccountIdConverter::convert_location(
-					locations.bridge_origin_relative_location(),
-				)
-				.expect("Invalid genesis configuration");
 
-				Bridges::<T, I>::insert(
-					locations.bridge_id(),
-					Bridge {
-						bridge_origin_relative_location: Box::new(
-							locations.bridge_origin_relative_location().clone().into(),
-						),
-						bridge_origin_universal_location: Box::new(
-							locations.bridge_origin_universal_location().clone().into(),
-						),
-						bridge_destination_universal_location: Box::new(
-							locations.bridge_destination_universal_location().clone().into(),
-						),
-						state: BridgeState::Opened,
-						bridge_owner_account,
-						deposit: Zero::zero(),
-						lane_id,
-					},
-				);
-				LaneToBridge::<T, I>::insert(lane_id, locations.bridge_id());
+				let lane_id = match maybe_lane_id {
+					Some(lane_id) => *lane_id,
+					None =>
+						locations.calculate_lane_id(xcm::latest::VERSION).expect("Valid locations"),
+				};
 
-				let lanes_manager = LanesManagerOf::<T, I>::new();
-				lanes_manager
-					.create_inbound_lane(lane_id)
-					.expect("Invalid genesis configuration");
-				lanes_manager
-					.create_outbound_lane(lane_id)
-					.expect("Invalid genesis configuration");
+				Pallet::<T, I>::do_open_bridge(locations, lane_id, true)
+					.expect("Valid opened bridge!");
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -796,14 +780,14 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			/// Universal location of remote bridge endpoint.
 			remote_endpoint: Box<InteriorLocation>,
 			/// Lane identifier.
-			lane_id: LaneId,
+			lane_id: T::LaneId,
 		},
 		/// Bridge is going to be closed, but not yet fully pruned from the runtime storage.
 		ClosingBridge {
 			/// Bridge identifier.
 			bridge_id: BridgeId,
 			/// Lane identifier.
-			lane_id: LaneId,
+			lane_id: T::LaneId,
 			/// Number of pruned messages during the close call.
 			pruned_messages: MessageNonce,
 			/// Number of enqueued messages that need to be pruned in follow up calls.
@@ -815,7 +799,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			/// Bridge identifier.
 			bridge_id: BridgeId,
 			/// Lane identifier.
-			lane_id: LaneId,
+			lane_id: T::LaneId,
 			/// Amount of deposit released.
 			bridge_deposit: BalanceOf<ThisChainOf<T, I>>,
 			/// Number of pruned messages during the close call.
@@ -849,12 +833,11 @@ pub mod pallet {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
+	use bp_messages::LaneIdType;
 	use mock::*;
 
-	use bp_messages::LaneId;
 	use frame_support::{assert_err, assert_noop, assert_ok, traits::fungible::Mutate, BoundedVec};
 	use frame_system::{EventRecord, Phase};
-	use sp_core::H256;
 	use sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError;
 
 	fn fund_origin_sovereign_account(locations: &BridgeLocations, balance: Balance) -> AccountId {
@@ -911,7 +894,7 @@ mod tests {
 		mock_open_bridge_from_with(origin, deposit, bridged_asset_hub_universal_location())
 	}
 
-	fn enqueue_message(lane: LaneId) {
+	fn enqueue_message(lane: TestLaneIdType) {
 		let lanes_manager = LanesManagerOf::<TestRuntime, ()>::new();
 		lanes_manager
 			.active_outbound_lane(lane)
@@ -1212,7 +1195,7 @@ mod tests {
 							remote_endpoint: Box::new(
 								locations.bridge_destination_universal_location().clone()
 							),
-							lane_id
+							lane_id: lane_id.into()
 						}),
 						topics: vec![],
 					}),
@@ -1355,7 +1338,7 @@ mod tests {
 					phase: Phase::Initialization,
 					event: RuntimeEvent::XcmOverBridge(Event::ClosingBridge {
 						bridge_id: *locations.bridge_id(),
-						lane_id: bridge.lane_id,
+						lane_id: bridge.lane_id.into(),
 						pruned_messages: 16,
 						enqueued_messages: 16,
 					}),
@@ -1403,7 +1386,7 @@ mod tests {
 					phase: Phase::Initialization,
 					event: RuntimeEvent::XcmOverBridge(Event::ClosingBridge {
 						bridge_id: *locations.bridge_id(),
-						lane_id: bridge.lane_id,
+						lane_id: bridge.lane_id.into(),
 						pruned_messages: 8,
 						enqueued_messages: 8,
 					}),
@@ -1444,7 +1427,7 @@ mod tests {
 					phase: Phase::Initialization,
 					event: RuntimeEvent::XcmOverBridge(Event::BridgePruned {
 						bridge_id: *locations.bridge_id(),
-						lane_id: bridge.lane_id,
+						lane_id: bridge.lane_id.into(),
 						bridge_deposit: expected_deposit,
 						pruned_messages: 8,
 					}),
@@ -1456,8 +1439,6 @@ mod tests {
 
 	#[test]
 	fn do_try_state_works() {
-		use sp_runtime::Either;
-
 		let bridge_origin_relative_location = SiblingLocation::get();
 		let bridge_origin_universal_location = SiblingUniversalLocation::get();
 		let bridge_destination_universal_location = BridgedUniversalDestination::get();
@@ -1471,28 +1452,29 @@ mod tests {
 			&bridge_destination_universal_location,
 		);
 		let bridge_id_mismatch = BridgeId::new(&InteriorLocation::Here, &InteriorLocation::Here);
-		let lane_id = LaneId::from_inner(Either::Left(H256::default()));
-		let lane_id_mismatch = LaneId::from_inner(Either::Left(H256::from([1u8; 32])));
+		let lane_id = TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap();
+		let lane_id_mismatch = TestLaneIdType::try_new(3, 4).unwrap();
+
+		let test_bridge_state =
+			|id,
+			 bridge,
+			 (lane_id, bridge_id),
+			 (inbound_lane_id, outbound_lane_id),
+			 expected_error: Option<TryRuntimeError>| {
+				Bridges::<TestRuntime, ()>::insert(id, bridge);
+				LaneToBridge::<TestRuntime, ()>::insert(lane_id, bridge_id);
 
-		let test_bridge_state = |id,
-		                         bridge,
-		                         (lane_id, bridge_id),
-		                         (inbound_lane_id, outbound_lane_id),
-		                         expected_error: Option<TryRuntimeError>| {
-			Bridges::<TestRuntime, ()>::insert(id, bridge);
-			LaneToBridge::<TestRuntime, ()>::insert(lane_id, bridge_id);
-
-			let lanes_manager = LanesManagerOf::<TestRuntime, ()>::new();
-			lanes_manager.create_inbound_lane(inbound_lane_id).unwrap();
-			lanes_manager.create_outbound_lane(outbound_lane_id).unwrap();
-
-			let result = XcmOverBridge::do_try_state();
-			if let Some(e) = expected_error {
-				assert_err!(result, e);
-			} else {
-				assert_ok!(result);
-			}
-		};
+				let lanes_manager = LanesManagerOf::<TestRuntime, ()>::new();
+				lanes_manager.create_inbound_lane(inbound_lane_id).unwrap();
+				lanes_manager.create_outbound_lane(outbound_lane_id).unwrap();
+
+				let result = XcmOverBridge::do_try_state();
+				if let Some(e) = expected_error {
+					assert_err!(result, e);
+				} else {
+					assert_ok!(result);
+				}
+			};
 		let cleanup = |bridge_id, lane_ids| {
 			Bridges::<TestRuntime, ()>::remove(bridge_id);
 			for lane_id in lane_ids {
diff --git a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/migration.rs b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/migration.rs
index c9d8b67176a5114668f2a7a2ac9e2aaaa88f0fdc..ffd5233a917b1c8d7c838313a2c5ae095be27593 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/migration.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/migration.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 //! A module that is responsible for migration of storage.
 
 use crate::{Config, Pallet, LOG_TARGET};
-use bp_messages::LaneId;
 use frame_support::{
 	traits::{Get, OnRuntimeUpgrade, StorageVersion},
 	weights::Weight,
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ pub struct OpenBridgeForLane<
 impl<
 		T: Config<I>,
 		I: 'static,
-		Lane: Get<LaneId>,
+		Lane: Get<T::LaneId>,
 		CreateLane: Get<bool>,
 		SourceRelativeLocation: Get<Location>,
 		BridgedUniversalLocation: Get<InteriorLocation>,
diff --git a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/mock.rs b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/mock.rs
index aff3526b5589cfff395525cdfb5a4b58bcec0a26..6511b9fc5b04e6da2052853c49df716ed3b13ac9 100644
--- a/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/mock.rs
+++ b/bridges/modules/xcm-bridge-hub/src/mock.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use crate as pallet_xcm_bridge_hub;
 
 use bp_messages::{
 	target_chain::{DispatchMessage, MessageDispatch},
-	ChainWithMessages, LaneId, MessageNonce,
+	ChainWithMessages, HashedLaneId, MessageNonce,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{messages::MessageDispatchResult, Chain, ChainId, HashOf};
 use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::{BridgeId, LocalXcmChannelManager};
@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@ pub type AccountId = AccountId32;
 pub type Balance = u64;
 type Block = frame_system::mocking::MockBlock<TestRuntime>;
 
+/// Lane identifier type used for tests.
+pub type TestLaneIdType = HashedLaneId;
+
 pub const SIBLING_ASSET_HUB_ID: u32 = 2001;
 pub const THIS_BRIDGE_HUB_ID: u32 = 2002;
 pub const BRIDGED_ASSET_HUB_ID: u32 = 1001;
@@ -92,6 +95,7 @@ impl pallet_bridge_messages::Config for TestRuntime {
 
 	type OutboundPayload = Vec<u8>;
 	type InboundPayload = Vec<u8>;
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
 	type DeliveryPayments = ();
 	type DeliveryConfirmationPayments = ();
@@ -152,7 +156,7 @@ parameter_types! {
 	pub SiblingLocation: Location = Location::new(1, [Parachain(SIBLING_ASSET_HUB_ID)]);
 	pub SiblingUniversalLocation: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(RelayNetwork::get()), Parachain(SIBLING_ASSET_HUB_ID)].into();
 
-	pub const BridgedRelayNetwork: NetworkId = NetworkId::Polkadot;
+	pub const BridgedRelayNetwork: NetworkId = NetworkId::ByGenesis([1; 32]);
 	pub BridgedRelayNetworkLocation: Location = (Parent, GlobalConsensus(BridgedRelayNetwork::get())).into();
 	pub BridgedRelativeDestination: InteriorLocation = [Parachain(BRIDGED_ASSET_HUB_ID)].into();
 	pub BridgedUniversalDestination: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(BridgedRelayNetwork::get()), Parachain(BRIDGED_ASSET_HUB_ID)].into();
@@ -190,7 +194,7 @@ impl pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config for TestRuntime {
 	type MessageExportPrice = ();
 	type DestinationVersion = AlwaysLatest;
 
-	type AdminOrigin = frame_system::EnsureNever<()>;
+	type ForceOrigin = frame_system::EnsureNever<()>;
 	type OpenBridgeOrigin = OpenBridgeOrigin;
 	type BridgeOriginAccountIdConverter = LocationToAccountId;
 
@@ -523,7 +527,7 @@ impl bp_header_chain::HeaderChain<BridgedUnderlyingChain> for BridgedHeaderChain
 pub struct TestMessageDispatch;
 
 impl TestMessageDispatch {
-	pub fn deactivate(lane: LaneId) {
+	pub fn deactivate(lane: TestLaneIdType) {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::put(&(b"inactive", lane).encode()[..], &false);
 	}
 }
@@ -531,18 +535,21 @@ impl TestMessageDispatch {
 impl MessageDispatch for TestMessageDispatch {
 	type DispatchPayload = Vec<u8>;
 	type DispatchLevelResult = ();
+	type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 
-	fn is_active(lane: LaneId) -> bool {
+	fn is_active(lane: Self::LaneId) -> bool {
 		frame_support::storage::unhashed::take::<bool>(&(b"inactive", lane).encode()[..]) !=
 			Some(false)
 	}
 
-	fn dispatch_weight(_message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>) -> Weight {
+	fn dispatch_weight(
+		_message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> Weight {
 		Weight::zero()
 	}
 
 	fn dispatch(
-		_: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>,
+		_: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
 	) -> MessageDispatchResult<Self::DispatchLevelResult> {
 		MessageDispatchResult { unspent_weight: Weight::zero(), dispatch_level_result: () }
 	}
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/mod.rs b/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/mod.rs
index d7c2cbf429e2b01efe4a9ea2481e66e2857d0044..87f53dac64638846f1a9c447aba4268e74cfa0f7 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/mod.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/mod.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ pub use verification::{
 
 use bp_runtime::{BlockNumberOf, Chain, HashOf, HeaderId};
 use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
-use frame_support::RuntimeDebugNoBound;
 use scale_info::TypeInfo;
 use sp_consensus_grandpa::{AuthorityId, AuthoritySignature};
 use sp_runtime::{traits::Header as HeaderT, RuntimeDebug, SaturatedConversion};
@@ -43,7 +42,8 @@ use sp_std::prelude::*;
 ///
 /// This particular proof is used to prove that headers on a bridged chain
 /// (so not our chain) have been finalized correctly.
-#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, TypeInfo, RuntimeDebugNoBound)]
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, TypeInfo)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Debug))]
 pub struct GrandpaJustification<Header: HeaderT> {
 	/// The round (voting period) this justification is valid for.
 	pub round: u64,
@@ -54,6 +54,17 @@ pub struct GrandpaJustification<Header: HeaderT> {
 	pub votes_ancestries: Vec<Header>,
 }
 
+// A proper Debug impl for no-std is not possible for the `GrandpaJustification` since the `Commit`
+// type only implements Debug that for `std` here:
+// https://github.com/paritytech/finality-grandpa/blob/8c45a664c05657f0c71057158d3ba555ba7d20de/src/lib.rs#L275
+// so we do a manual impl.
+#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+impl<H: HeaderT> core::fmt::Debug for GrandpaJustification<H> {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
+		write!(f, "GrandpaJustification {{ round: {:?}, commit: <wasm:stripped>, votes_ancestries: {:?} }}", self.round, self.votes_ancestries)
+	}
+}
+
 impl<H: HeaderT> GrandpaJustification<H> {
 	/// Returns reasonable size of justification using constants from the provided chain.
 	///
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/equivocation.rs b/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/equivocation.rs
index fbad301281994ae9e0ed32444c3373e032e4355e..bfcd22f8ca6ad7b7dfa3e13287e043aa7f14421a 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/equivocation.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/equivocation.rs
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ use sp_runtime::traits::Header as HeaderT;
 use sp_std::{
 	collections::{btree_map::BTreeMap, btree_set::BTreeSet},
 	prelude::*,
+	vec,
+	vec::Vec,
 };
 
 enum AuthorityVotes<Header: HeaderT> {
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/mod.rs b/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/mod.rs
index 9df3511e1035ef769e5ef6c373253161be041efb..9941537eb0953732265b24c5bb5148582262b7b9 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/mod.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/mod.rs
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ use sp_std::{
 		btree_set::BTreeSet,
 	},
 	prelude::*,
+	vec,
+	vec::Vec,
 };
 
 type SignedPrecommit<Header> = finality_grandpa::SignedPrecommit<
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/optimizer.rs b/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/optimizer.rs
index 3f1e6ab670ca65283b1efcecfb1cb163c3a742d2..5098b594db68ffec596d234915d27cc45ff44c7c 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/optimizer.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/header-chain/src/justification/verification/optimizer.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use crate::justification::verification::{
 };
 use sp_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId;
 use sp_runtime::traits::Header as HeaderT;
-use sp_std::{collections::btree_set::BTreeSet, prelude::*};
+use sp_std::{collections::btree_set::BTreeSet, prelude::*, vec, vec::Vec};
 
 // Verification callbacks for justification optimization.
 struct JustificationOptimizer<Header: HeaderT> {
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/call_info.rs b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/call_info.rs
index c8f06ed8cb7c34e11a37fb7613e3dfad6bc45538..dfd076f029b471349c3fcc02880aa76db8b53d2c 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/call_info.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/call_info.rs
@@ -16,22 +16,14 @@
 
 //! Defines structures related to calls of the `pallet-bridge-messages` pallet.
 
-use crate::{source_chain, target_chain, LaneId, MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayersState};
+use crate::{MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayersState};
 
-use bp_runtime::{AccountIdOf, HashOf};
 use codec::{Decode, Encode};
 use frame_support::weights::Weight;
 use scale_info::TypeInfo;
 use sp_core::RuntimeDebug;
 use sp_std::ops::RangeInclusive;
 
-/// The `BridgeMessagesCall` used to bridge with a given chain.
-pub type BridgeMessagesCallOf<C> = BridgeMessagesCall<
-	AccountIdOf<C>,
-	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<C>>,
-	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<C>>,
->;
-
 /// A minimized version of `pallet-bridge-messages::Call` that can be used without a runtime.
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, TypeInfo)]
 #[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
@@ -60,7 +52,7 @@ pub enum BridgeMessagesCall<AccountId, MessagesProof, MessagesDeliveryProof> {
 
 /// Generic info about a messages delivery/confirmation proof.
 #[derive(PartialEq, RuntimeDebug)]
-pub struct BaseMessagesProofInfo {
+pub struct BaseMessagesProofInfo<LaneId> {
 	/// Message lane, used by the call.
 	pub lane_id: LaneId,
 	/// Nonces of messages, included in the call.
@@ -75,7 +67,7 @@ pub struct BaseMessagesProofInfo {
 	pub best_stored_nonce: MessageNonce,
 }
 
-impl BaseMessagesProofInfo {
+impl<LaneId> BaseMessagesProofInfo<LaneId> {
 	/// Returns true if `bundled_range` continues the `0..=best_stored_nonce` range.
 	pub fn appends_to_stored_nonce(&self) -> bool {
 		Some(*self.bundled_range.start()) == self.best_stored_nonce.checked_add(1)
@@ -94,14 +86,14 @@ pub struct UnrewardedRelayerOccupation {
 
 /// Info about a `ReceiveMessagesProof` call which tries to update a single lane.
 #[derive(PartialEq, RuntimeDebug)]
-pub struct ReceiveMessagesProofInfo {
+pub struct ReceiveMessagesProofInfo<LaneId> {
 	/// Base messages proof info
-	pub base: BaseMessagesProofInfo,
+	pub base: BaseMessagesProofInfo<LaneId>,
 	/// State of unrewarded relayers vector.
 	pub unrewarded_relayers: UnrewardedRelayerOccupation,
 }
 
-impl ReceiveMessagesProofInfo {
+impl<LaneId> ReceiveMessagesProofInfo<LaneId> {
 	/// Returns true if:
 	///
 	/// - either inbound lane is ready to accept bundled messages;
@@ -134,9 +126,9 @@ impl ReceiveMessagesProofInfo {
 
 /// Info about a `ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof` call which tries to update a single lane.
 #[derive(PartialEq, RuntimeDebug)]
-pub struct ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo(pub BaseMessagesProofInfo);
+pub struct ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo<LaneId>(pub BaseMessagesProofInfo<LaneId>);
 
-impl ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo {
+impl<LaneId> ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo<LaneId> {
 	/// Returns true if outbound lane is ready to accept confirmations of bundled messages.
 	pub fn is_obsolete(&self) -> bool {
 		self.0.bundled_range.is_empty() || !self.0.appends_to_stored_nonce()
@@ -146,14 +138,14 @@ impl ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo {
 /// Info about a `ReceiveMessagesProof` or a `ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof` call
 /// which tries to update a single lane.
 #[derive(PartialEq, RuntimeDebug)]
-pub enum MessagesCallInfo {
+pub enum MessagesCallInfo<LaneId: Clone + Copy> {
 	/// Messages delivery call info.
-	ReceiveMessagesProof(ReceiveMessagesProofInfo),
+	ReceiveMessagesProof(ReceiveMessagesProofInfo<LaneId>),
 	/// Messages delivery confirmation call info.
-	ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof(ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo),
+	ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProof(ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo<LaneId>),
 }
 
-impl MessagesCallInfo {
+impl<LaneId: Clone + Copy> MessagesCallInfo<LaneId> {
 	/// Returns lane, used by the call.
 	pub fn lane_id(&self) -> LaneId {
 		match *self {
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/lane.rs b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/lane.rs
index 6d4ca402eb345302d2a3072b0ddb30011f2a0015..0f14ce93e11425ff8d2dd69165159ed203e72f03 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/lane.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/lane.rs
@@ -16,12 +16,88 @@
 
 //! Primitives of messages module, that represents lane id.
 
-use codec::{Decode, Encode, Error as CodecError, Input, MaxEncodedLen};
-use frame_support::sp_runtime::Either;
+use codec::{Codec, Decode, Encode, EncodeLike, MaxEncodedLen};
 use scale_info::TypeInfo;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Deserialize, Serialize};
 use sp_core::{RuntimeDebug, TypeId, H256};
 use sp_io::hashing::blake2_256;
+use sp_std::fmt::Debug;
+
+/// Trait representing a generic `LaneId` type.
+pub trait LaneIdType:
+	Clone
+	+ Copy
+	+ Codec
+	+ EncodeLike
+	+ Debug
+	+ Default
+	+ PartialEq
+	+ Eq
+	+ Ord
+	+ TypeInfo
+	+ MaxEncodedLen
+	+ Serialize
+	+ DeserializeOwned
+{
+	/// Creates a new `LaneId` type (if supported).
+	fn try_new<E: Ord + Encode>(endpoint1: E, endpoint2: E) -> Result<Self, ()>;
+}
+
+/// Bridge lane identifier (legacy).
+///
+/// Note: For backwards compatibility reasons, we also handle the older format `[u8; 4]`.
+#[derive(
+	Clone,
+	Copy,
+	Decode,
+	Default,
+	Encode,
+	Eq,
+	Ord,
+	PartialOrd,
+	PartialEq,
+	TypeInfo,
+	MaxEncodedLen,
+	Serialize,
+	Deserialize,
+)]
+pub struct LegacyLaneId(pub [u8; 4]);
+
+impl LaneIdType for LegacyLaneId {
+	/// Create lane identifier from two locations.
+	fn try_new<T: Ord + Encode>(_endpoint1: T, _endpoint2: T) -> Result<Self, ()> {
+		// we don't support this for `LegacyLaneId`, because it was hard-coded before
+		Err(())
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+impl TryFrom<Vec<u8>> for LegacyLaneId {
+	type Error = ();
+
+	fn try_from(value: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+		if value.len() == 4 {
+			return <[u8; 4]>::try_from(value).map(Self).map_err(|_| ());
+		}
+		Err(())
+	}
+}
+
+impl core::fmt::Debug for LegacyLaneId {
+	fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
+		self.0.fmt(fmt)
+	}
+}
+
+impl AsRef<[u8]> for LegacyLaneId {
+	fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
+		&self.0
+	}
+}
+
+impl TypeId for LegacyLaneId {
+	const TYPE_ID: [u8; 4] = *b"blan";
+}
 
 /// Bridge lane identifier.
 ///
@@ -41,12 +117,11 @@ use sp_io::hashing::blake2_256;
 ///     (endpoint2, VALUES_SEPARATOR, endpoint1)
 /// }.using_encoded(blake2_256);
 /// ```
-///
-/// Note: For backwards compatibility reasons, we also handle the older format `[u8; 4]`.
 #[derive(
 	Clone,
 	Copy,
 	Decode,
+	Default,
 	Encode,
 	Eq,
 	Ord,
@@ -57,115 +132,67 @@ use sp_io::hashing::blake2_256;
 	Serialize,
 	Deserialize,
 )]
-pub struct LaneId(InnerLaneId);
-
-impl LaneId {
-	/// Create lane identifier from two locations.
-	pub fn new<T: Ord + Encode>(endpoint1: T, endpoint2: T) -> Self {
-		const VALUES_SEPARATOR: [u8; 31] = *b"bridges-lane-id-value-separator";
-
-		LaneId(InnerLaneId::Hash(
-			if endpoint1 < endpoint2 {
-				(endpoint1, VALUES_SEPARATOR, endpoint2)
-			} else {
-				(endpoint2, VALUES_SEPARATOR, endpoint1)
-			}
-			.using_encoded(blake2_256)
-			.into(),
-		))
-	}
+pub struct HashedLaneId(H256);
 
+impl HashedLaneId {
 	/// Create lane identifier from given hash.
 	///
 	/// There's no `From<H256>` implementation for the `LaneId`, because using this conversion
 	/// in a wrong way (i.e. computing hash of endpoints manually) may lead to issues. So we
 	/// want the call to be explicit.
-	pub const fn from_inner(inner: Either<H256, [u8; 4]>) -> Self {
-		LaneId(match inner {
-			Either::Left(hash) => InnerLaneId::Hash(hash),
-			Either::Right(array) => InnerLaneId::Array(array),
-		})
+	#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+	pub const fn from_inner(inner: H256) -> Self {
+		Self(inner)
+	}
+
+	/// Access the inner lane representation.
+	pub fn inner(&self) -> &H256 {
+		&self.0
 	}
 }
 
-impl core::fmt::Display for LaneId {
+impl core::fmt::Display for HashedLaneId {
 	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
 		core::fmt::Display::fmt(&self.0, f)
 	}
 }
 
-impl core::fmt::Debug for LaneId {
+impl core::fmt::Debug for HashedLaneId {
 	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
 		core::fmt::Debug::fmt(&self.0, f)
 	}
 }
 
-impl AsRef<[u8]> for LaneId {
-	fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
-		self.0.as_ref()
-	}
+impl TypeId for HashedLaneId {
+	const TYPE_ID: [u8; 4] = *b"hlan";
 }
 
-impl TypeId for LaneId {
-	const TYPE_ID: [u8; 4] = *b"blan";
-}
-
-#[derive(
-	Clone, Copy, Eq, Ord, PartialOrd, PartialEq, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen, Serialize, Deserialize,
-)]
-enum InnerLaneId {
-	/// Old format (for backwards compatibility).
-	Array([u8; 4]),
-	/// New format 32-byte hash generated by `blake2_256`.
-	Hash(H256),
-}
-
-impl Encode for InnerLaneId {
-	fn encode(&self) -> sp_std::vec::Vec<u8> {
-		match self {
-			InnerLaneId::Array(array) => array.encode(),
-			InnerLaneId::Hash(hash) => hash.encode(),
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl Decode for InnerLaneId {
-	fn decode<I: Input>(input: &mut I) -> Result<Self, CodecError> {
-		// check backwards compatibly first
-		if input.remaining_len() == Ok(Some(4)) {
-			let array: [u8; 4] = Decode::decode(input)?;
-			return Ok(InnerLaneId::Array(array))
-		}
-
-		// else check new format
-		H256::decode(input).map(InnerLaneId::Hash)
-	}
-}
+impl LaneIdType for HashedLaneId {
+	/// Create lane identifier from two locations.
+	fn try_new<T: Ord + Encode>(endpoint1: T, endpoint2: T) -> Result<Self, ()> {
+		const VALUES_SEPARATOR: [u8; 31] = *b"bridges-lane-id-value-separator";
 
-impl core::fmt::Display for InnerLaneId {
-	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
-		match self {
-			InnerLaneId::Array(array) => write!(f, "Array({:?})", array),
-			InnerLaneId::Hash(hash) => write!(f, "Hash({:?})", hash),
-		}
+		Ok(Self(
+			if endpoint1 < endpoint2 {
+				(endpoint1, VALUES_SEPARATOR, endpoint2)
+			} else {
+				(endpoint2, VALUES_SEPARATOR, endpoint1)
+			}
+			.using_encoded(blake2_256)
+			.into(),
+		))
 	}
 }
 
-impl core::fmt::Debug for InnerLaneId {
-	fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
-		match self {
-			InnerLaneId::Array(array) => array.fmt(fmt),
-			InnerLaneId::Hash(hash) => hash.fmt(fmt),
-		}
-	}
-}
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+impl TryFrom<Vec<u8>> for HashedLaneId {
+	type Error = ();
 
-impl AsRef<[u8]> for InnerLaneId {
-	fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
-		match self {
-			InnerLaneId::Array(array) => array.as_ref(),
-			InnerLaneId::Hash(hash) => hash.as_ref(),
+	fn try_from(value: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+		if value.len() == 32 {
+			return <[u8; 32]>::try_from(value).map(|v| Self(H256::from(v))).map_err(|_| ());
 		}
+		Err(())
 	}
 }
 
@@ -194,63 +221,89 @@ impl LaneState {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
+	use crate::MessageNonce;
 
 	#[test]
 	fn lane_id_debug_format_matches_inner_hash_format() {
 		assert_eq!(
-			format!("{:?}", LaneId(InnerLaneId::Hash(H256::from([1u8; 32])))),
+			format!("{:?}", HashedLaneId(H256::from([1u8; 32]))),
 			format!("{:?}", H256::from([1u8; 32])),
 		);
-		assert_eq!(
-			format!("{:?}", LaneId(InnerLaneId::Array([0, 0, 0, 1]))),
-			format!("{:?}", [0, 0, 0, 1]),
-		);
+		assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1])), format!("{:?}", [0, 0, 0, 1]),);
 	}
 
 	#[test]
-	fn lane_id_as_ref_works() {
+	fn hashed_encode_decode_works() {
+		// simple encode/decode - new format
+		let lane_id = HashedLaneId(H256::from([1u8; 32]));
+		let encoded_lane_id = lane_id.encode();
+		let decoded_lane_id = HashedLaneId::decode(&mut &encoded_lane_id[..]).expect("decodable");
+		assert_eq!(lane_id, decoded_lane_id);
 		assert_eq!(
 			"0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101",
-			hex::encode(LaneId(InnerLaneId::Hash(H256::from([1u8; 32]))).as_ref()),
+			hex::encode(encoded_lane_id)
 		);
-		assert_eq!("00000001", hex::encode(LaneId(InnerLaneId::Array([0, 0, 0, 1])).as_ref()),);
 	}
 
 	#[test]
-	fn lane_id_encode_decode_works() {
-		let test_encode_decode = |expected_hex, lane_id: LaneId| {
-			let enc = lane_id.encode();
-			let decoded_lane_id = LaneId::decode(&mut &enc[..]).expect("decodable");
-			assert_eq!(lane_id, decoded_lane_id);
-
-			assert_eq!(expected_hex, hex::encode(lane_id.as_ref()),);
-			assert_eq!(expected_hex, hex::encode(decoded_lane_id.as_ref()),);
-
-			let hex_bytes = hex::decode(expected_hex).expect("valid hex");
-			let hex_decoded_lane_id = LaneId::decode(&mut &hex_bytes[..]).expect("decodable");
-			assert_eq!(hex_decoded_lane_id, lane_id);
-			assert_eq!(hex_decoded_lane_id, decoded_lane_id);
-		};
-
-		test_encode_decode(
-			"0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101",
-			LaneId(InnerLaneId::Hash(H256::from([1u8; 32]))),
-		);
-		test_encode_decode("00000001", LaneId(InnerLaneId::Array([0, 0, 0, 1])));
+	fn legacy_encode_decode_works() {
+		// simple encode/decode - old format
+		let lane_id = LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]);
+		let encoded_lane_id = lane_id.encode();
+		let decoded_lane_id = LegacyLaneId::decode(&mut &encoded_lane_id[..]).expect("decodable");
+		assert_eq!(lane_id, decoded_lane_id);
+		assert_eq!("00000001", hex::encode(encoded_lane_id));
+
+		// decode sample
+		let bytes = vec![0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+		let (lane, nonce_start, nonce_end): (LegacyLaneId, MessageNonce, MessageNonce) =
+			Decode::decode(&mut &bytes[..]).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(lane, LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]));
+		assert_eq!(nonce_start, 1);
+		assert_eq!(nonce_end, 1);
+
+		// run encode/decode for `LaneId` with different positions
+		let expected_lane = LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]);
+		let expected_nonce_start = 1088_u64;
+		let expected_nonce_end = 9185_u64;
+
+		// decode: LaneId,Nonce,Nonce
+		let bytes = (expected_lane, expected_nonce_start, expected_nonce_end).encode();
+		let (lane, nonce_start, nonce_end): (LegacyLaneId, MessageNonce, MessageNonce) =
+			Decode::decode(&mut &bytes[..]).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(lane, expected_lane);
+		assert_eq!(nonce_start, expected_nonce_start);
+		assert_eq!(nonce_end, expected_nonce_end);
+
+		// decode: Nonce,LaneId,Nonce
+		let bytes = (expected_nonce_start, expected_lane, expected_nonce_end).encode();
+		let (nonce_start, lane, nonce_end): (MessageNonce, LegacyLaneId, MessageNonce) =
+			Decode::decode(&mut &bytes[..]).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(lane, expected_lane);
+		assert_eq!(nonce_start, expected_nonce_start);
+		assert_eq!(nonce_end, expected_nonce_end);
+
+		// decode: Nonce,Nonce,LaneId
+		let bytes = (expected_nonce_start, expected_nonce_end, expected_lane).encode();
+		let (nonce_start, nonce_end, lane): (MessageNonce, MessageNonce, LegacyLaneId) =
+			Decode::decode(&mut &bytes[..]).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(lane, expected_lane);
+		assert_eq!(nonce_start, expected_nonce_start);
+		assert_eq!(nonce_end, expected_nonce_end);
 	}
 
 	#[test]
-	fn lane_id_is_generated_using_ordered_endpoints() {
-		assert_eq!(LaneId::new(1, 2), LaneId::new(2, 1));
+	fn hashed_lane_id_is_generated_using_ordered_endpoints() {
+		assert_eq!(HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(), HashedLaneId::try_new(2, 1).unwrap());
 	}
 
 	#[test]
-	fn lane_id_is_different_for_different_endpoints() {
-		assert_ne!(LaneId::new(1, 2), LaneId::new(1, 3));
+	fn hashed_lane_id_is_different_for_different_endpoints() {
+		assert_ne!(HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(), HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 3).unwrap());
 	}
 
 	#[test]
-	fn lane_id_is_different_even_if_arguments_has_partial_matching_encoding() {
+	fn hashed_lane_id_is_different_even_if_arguments_has_partial_matching_encoding() {
 		/// Some artificial type that generates the same encoding for different values
 		/// concatenations. I.e. the encoding for `(Either::Two(1, 2), Either::Two(3, 4))`
 		/// is the same as encoding of `(Either::Three(1, 2, 3), Either::One(4))`.
@@ -274,8 +327,8 @@ mod tests {
 		}
 
 		assert_ne!(
-			LaneId::new(Either::Two(1, 2), Either::Two(3, 4)),
-			LaneId::new(Either::Three(1, 2, 3), Either::One(4)),
+			HashedLaneId::try_new(Either::Two(1, 2), Either::Two(3, 4)).unwrap(),
+			HashedLaneId::try_new(Either::Three(1, 2, 3), Either::One(4)).unwrap(),
 		);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/lib.rs b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/lib.rs
index 7eb0c562939531a9762e8864babf5f7843d070ab..2776b806cc16bf30fb09c06d904c05f6bcea21d0 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/lib.rs
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ use sp_core::RuntimeDebug;
 use sp_std::{collections::vec_deque::VecDeque, ops::RangeInclusive, prelude::*};
 
 pub use call_info::{
-	BaseMessagesProofInfo, BridgeMessagesCall, BridgeMessagesCallOf, MessagesCallInfo,
-	ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo, ReceiveMessagesProofInfo, UnrewardedRelayerOccupation,
+	BaseMessagesProofInfo, BridgeMessagesCall, MessagesCallInfo, ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofInfo,
+	ReceiveMessagesProofInfo, UnrewardedRelayerOccupation,
 };
-pub use lane::{LaneId, LaneState};
+pub use lane::{HashedLaneId, LaneIdType, LaneState, LegacyLaneId};
 
 mod call_info;
 mod lane;
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ pub type MessagePayload = Vec<u8>;
 
 /// Message key (unique message identifier) as it is stored in the storage.
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen)]
-pub struct MessageKey {
+pub struct MessageKey<LaneId: Encode> {
 	/// ID of the message lane.
 	pub lane_id: LaneId,
 	/// Message nonce.
@@ -190,9 +190,9 @@ pub struct MessageKey {
 
 /// Message as it is stored in the storage.
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
-pub struct Message {
+pub struct Message<LaneId: Encode> {
 	/// Message key.
-	pub key: MessageKey,
+	pub key: MessageKey<LaneId>,
 	/// Message payload.
 	pub payload: MessagePayload,
 }
@@ -200,11 +200,6 @@ pub struct Message {
 /// Inbound lane data.
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, RuntimeDebug, PartialEq, Eq, TypeInfo)]
 pub struct InboundLaneData<RelayerId> {
-	/// Inbound lane state.
-	///
-	/// If state is `Closed`, then all attempts to deliver messages to this end will fail.
-	pub state: LaneState,
-
 	/// Identifiers of relayers and messages that they have delivered to this lane (ordered by
 	/// message nonce).
 	///
@@ -233,6 +228,11 @@ pub struct InboundLaneData<RelayerId> {
 	/// This value is updated indirectly when an `OutboundLane` state of the source
 	/// chain is received alongside with new messages delivery.
 	pub last_confirmed_nonce: MessageNonce,
+
+	/// Inbound lane state.
+	///
+	/// If state is `Closed`, then all attempts to deliver messages to this end will fail.
+	pub state: LaneState,
 }
 
 impl<RelayerId> Default for InboundLaneData<RelayerId> {
@@ -337,20 +337,20 @@ pub struct UnrewardedRelayer<RelayerId> {
 
 /// Received messages with their dispatch result.
 #[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, PartialEq, Eq, TypeInfo)]
-pub struct ReceivedMessages<DispatchLevelResult> {
+pub struct ReceivedMessages<DispatchLevelResult, LaneId> {
 	/// Id of the lane which is receiving messages.
 	pub lane: LaneId,
 	/// Result of messages which we tried to dispatch
 	pub receive_results: Vec<(MessageNonce, ReceptionResult<DispatchLevelResult>)>,
 }
 
-impl<DispatchLevelResult> ReceivedMessages<DispatchLevelResult> {
+impl<DispatchLevelResult, LaneId> ReceivedMessages<DispatchLevelResult, LaneId> {
 	/// Creates new `ReceivedMessages` structure from given results.
 	pub fn new(
 		lane: LaneId,
 		receive_results: Vec<(MessageNonce, ReceptionResult<DispatchLevelResult>)>,
 	) -> Self {
-		ReceivedMessages { lane, receive_results }
+		ReceivedMessages { lane: lane.into(), receive_results }
 	}
 
 	/// Push `result` of the `message` delivery onto `receive_results` vector.
@@ -449,10 +449,6 @@ impl<RelayerId> From<&InboundLaneData<RelayerId>> for UnrewardedRelayersState {
 /// Outbound lane data.
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, RuntimeDebug, PartialEq, Eq, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen)]
 pub struct OutboundLaneData {
-	/// Lane state.
-	///
-	/// If state is `Closed`, then all attempts to send messages messages at this end will fail.
-	pub state: LaneState,
 	/// Nonce of the oldest message that we haven't yet pruned. May point to not-yet-generated
 	/// message if all sent messages are already pruned.
 	pub oldest_unpruned_nonce: MessageNonce,
@@ -460,6 +456,10 @@ pub struct OutboundLaneData {
 	pub latest_received_nonce: MessageNonce,
 	/// Nonce of the latest message, generated by us.
 	pub latest_generated_nonce: MessageNonce,
+	/// Lane state.
+	///
+	/// If state is `Closed`, then all attempts to send messages at this end will fail.
+	pub state: LaneState,
 }
 
 impl OutboundLaneData {
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/source_chain.rs b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/source_chain.rs
index 64f015bdb822eb25ff42a3fdb52bf6405a5424bf..1d4a513035c744bf4044156858bcdf9d756e94fa 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/source_chain.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/source_chain.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 //! Primitives of messages module, that are used on the source chain.
 
-use crate::{LaneId, MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayer};
+use crate::{MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayer};
 
 use bp_runtime::{raw_storage_proof_size, RawStorageProof, Size};
 use codec::{Decode, Encode};
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ use sp_std::{
 ///
 /// - lane id.
 #[derive(Clone, Decode, Encode, Eq, PartialEq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
-pub struct FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash> {
+pub struct FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash, LaneId> {
 	/// Hash of the bridge header the proof is for.
 	pub bridged_header_hash: BridgedHeaderHash,
 	/// Storage trie proof generated for [`Self::bridged_header_hash`].
@@ -48,7 +48,9 @@ pub struct FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash> {
 	pub lane: LaneId,
 }
 
-impl<BridgedHeaderHash> Size for FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash> {
+impl<BridgedHeaderHash, LaneId> Size
+	for FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<BridgedHeaderHash, LaneId>
+{
 	fn size(&self) -> u32 {
 		use frame_support::sp_runtime::SaturatedConversion;
 		raw_storage_proof_size(&self.storage_proof).saturated_into()
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ pub type RelayersRewards<AccountId> = BTreeMap<AccountId, MessageNonce>;
 
 /// Manages payments that are happening at the source chain during delivery confirmation
 /// transaction.
-pub trait DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId> {
+pub trait DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId, LaneId> {
 	/// Error type.
 	type Error: Debug + Into<&'static str>;
 
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ pub trait DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId> {
 	) -> MessageNonce;
 }
 
-impl<AccountId> DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId> for () {
+impl<AccountId, LaneId> DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId, LaneId> for () {
 	type Error = &'static str;
 
 	fn pay_reward(
@@ -94,14 +96,14 @@ impl<AccountId> DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId> for () {
 
 /// Callback that is called at the source chain (bridge hub) when we get delivery confirmation
 /// for new messages.
-pub trait OnMessagesDelivered {
+pub trait OnMessagesDelivered<LaneId> {
 	/// New messages delivery has been confirmed.
 	///
 	/// The only argument of the function is the number of yet undelivered messages
 	fn on_messages_delivered(lane: LaneId, enqueued_messages: MessageNonce);
 }
 
-impl OnMessagesDelivered for () {
+impl<LaneId> OnMessagesDelivered<LaneId> for () {
 	fn on_messages_delivered(_lane: LaneId, _enqueued_messages: MessageNonce) {}
 }
 
@@ -115,7 +117,7 @@ pub struct SendMessageArtifacts {
 }
 
 /// Messages bridge API to be used from other pallets.
-pub trait MessagesBridge<Payload> {
+pub trait MessagesBridge<Payload, LaneId> {
 	/// Error type.
 	type Error: Debug;
 
@@ -141,7 +143,7 @@ pub trait MessagesBridge<Payload> {
 /// where outbound messages are forbidden.
 pub struct ForbidOutboundMessages;
 
-impl<AccountId> DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId> for ForbidOutboundMessages {
+impl<AccountId, LaneId> DeliveryConfirmationPayments<AccountId, LaneId> for ForbidOutboundMessages {
 	type Error = &'static str;
 
 	fn pay_reward(
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/storage_keys.rs b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/storage_keys.rs
index ff62dab078e748db0827fc0c1e16c6508dfeb813..fb3371cb830c4b3b94a2f60c1f0939329fa815c4 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/storage_keys.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/storage_keys.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ pub const OUTBOUND_LANES_MAP_NAME: &str = "OutboundLanes";
 /// Name of the `InboundLanes` storage map.
 pub const INBOUND_LANES_MAP_NAME: &str = "InboundLanes";
 
-use crate::{LaneId, MessageKey, MessageNonce};
+use crate::{MessageKey, MessageNonce};
 
 use codec::Encode;
 use frame_support::Blake2_128Concat;
@@ -43,16 +43,20 @@ pub fn operating_mode_key(pallet_prefix: &str) -> StorageKey {
 }
 
 /// Storage key of the outbound message in the runtime storage.
-pub fn message_key(pallet_prefix: &str, lane: &LaneId, nonce: MessageNonce) -> StorageKey {
+pub fn message_key<LaneId: Encode>(
+	pallet_prefix: &str,
+	lane: LaneId,
+	nonce: MessageNonce,
+) -> StorageKey {
 	bp_runtime::storage_map_final_key::<Blake2_128Concat>(
 		pallet_prefix,
 		OUTBOUND_MESSAGES_MAP_NAME,
-		&MessageKey { lane_id: *lane, nonce }.encode(),
+		&MessageKey { lane_id: lane, nonce }.encode(),
 	)
 }
 
 /// Storage key of the outbound message lane state in the runtime storage.
-pub fn outbound_lane_data_key(pallet_prefix: &str, lane: &LaneId) -> StorageKey {
+pub fn outbound_lane_data_key<LaneId: Encode>(pallet_prefix: &str, lane: &LaneId) -> StorageKey {
 	bp_runtime::storage_map_final_key::<Blake2_128Concat>(
 		pallet_prefix,
 		OUTBOUND_LANES_MAP_NAME,
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ pub fn outbound_lane_data_key(pallet_prefix: &str, lane: &LaneId) -> StorageKey
 }
 
 /// Storage key of the inbound message lane state in the runtime storage.
-pub fn inbound_lane_data_key(pallet_prefix: &str, lane: &LaneId) -> StorageKey {
+pub fn inbound_lane_data_key<LaneId: Encode>(pallet_prefix: &str, lane: &LaneId) -> StorageKey {
 	bp_runtime::storage_map_final_key::<Blake2_128Concat>(
 		pallet_prefix,
 		INBOUND_LANES_MAP_NAME,
@@ -72,7 +76,10 @@ pub fn inbound_lane_data_key(pallet_prefix: &str, lane: &LaneId) -> StorageKey {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
-	use frame_support::sp_runtime::Either;
+	use crate::{
+		lane::{HashedLaneId, LegacyLaneId},
+		LaneIdType,
+	};
 	use hex_literal::hex;
 
 	#[test]
@@ -92,7 +99,8 @@ mod tests {
 	fn storage_message_key_computed_properly() {
 		// If this test fails, then something has been changed in module storage that is breaking
 		// all previously crafted messages proofs.
-		let storage_key = message_key("BridgeMessages", &LaneId::new(1, 2), 42).0;
+		let storage_key =
+			message_key("BridgeMessages", &HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(), 42).0;
 		assert_eq!(
 			storage_key,
 			hex!("dd16c784ebd3390a9bc0357c7511ed018a395e6242c6813b196ca31ed0547ea70e9bdb8f50c68d12f06eabb57759ee5eb1d3dccd8b3c3a012afe265f3e3c4432129b8aee50c9dcf87f9793be208e5ea02a00000000000000").to_vec(),
@@ -101,8 +109,7 @@ mod tests {
 		);
 
 		// check backwards compatibility
-		let storage_key =
-			message_key("BridgeMessages", &LaneId::from_inner(Either::Right(*b"test")), 42).0;
+		let storage_key = message_key("BridgeMessages", &LegacyLaneId(*b"test"), 42).0;
 		assert_eq!(
 			storage_key,
 			hex!("dd16c784ebd3390a9bc0357c7511ed018a395e6242c6813b196ca31ed0547ea79446af0e09063bd4a7874aef8a997cec746573742a00000000000000").to_vec(),
@@ -115,7 +122,8 @@ mod tests {
 	fn outbound_lane_data_key_computed_properly() {
 		// If this test fails, then something has been changed in module storage that is breaking
 		// all previously crafted outbound lane state proofs.
-		let storage_key = outbound_lane_data_key("BridgeMessages", &LaneId::new(1, 2)).0;
+		let storage_key =
+			outbound_lane_data_key("BridgeMessages", &HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap()).0;
 		assert_eq!(
 			storage_key,
 			hex!("dd16c784ebd3390a9bc0357c7511ed0196c246acb9b55077390e3ca723a0ca1fd3bef8b00df8ca7b01813b5e2741950db1d3dccd8b3c3a012afe265f3e3c4432129b8aee50c9dcf87f9793be208e5ea0").to_vec(),
@@ -124,9 +132,7 @@ mod tests {
 		);
 
 		// check backwards compatibility
-		let storage_key =
-			outbound_lane_data_key("BridgeMessages", &LaneId::from_inner(Either::Right(*b"test")))
-				.0;
+		let storage_key = outbound_lane_data_key("BridgeMessages", &LegacyLaneId(*b"test")).0;
 		assert_eq!(
 			storage_key,
 			hex!("dd16c784ebd3390a9bc0357c7511ed0196c246acb9b55077390e3ca723a0ca1f44a8995dd50b6657a037a7839304535b74657374").to_vec(),
@@ -139,7 +145,8 @@ mod tests {
 	fn inbound_lane_data_key_computed_properly() {
 		// If this test fails, then something has been changed in module storage that is breaking
 		// all previously crafted inbound lane state proofs.
-		let storage_key = inbound_lane_data_key("BridgeMessages", &LaneId::new(1, 2)).0;
+		let storage_key =
+			inbound_lane_data_key("BridgeMessages", &HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap()).0;
 		assert_eq!(
 			storage_key,
 			hex!("dd16c784ebd3390a9bc0357c7511ed01e5f83cf83f2127eb47afdc35d6e43fabd3bef8b00df8ca7b01813b5e2741950db1d3dccd8b3c3a012afe265f3e3c4432129b8aee50c9dcf87f9793be208e5ea0").to_vec(),
@@ -148,8 +155,7 @@ mod tests {
 		);
 
 		// check backwards compatibility
-		let storage_key =
-			inbound_lane_data_key("BridgeMessages", &LaneId::from_inner(Either::Right(*b"test"))).0;
+		let storage_key = inbound_lane_data_key("BridgeMessages", &LegacyLaneId(*b"test")).0;
 		assert_eq!(
 			storage_key,
 			hex!("dd16c784ebd3390a9bc0357c7511ed01e5f83cf83f2127eb47afdc35d6e43fab44a8995dd50b6657a037a7839304535b74657374").to_vec(),
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/target_chain.rs b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/target_chain.rs
index 67868ff7c7cd3745dc3e44b1b6b7d8f45f5605f8..cf07a400933a965f5097d4654f6e405a1d11b33b 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/messages/src/target_chain.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/messages/src/target_chain.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 //! Primitives of messages module, that are used on the target chain.
 
-use crate::{LaneId, Message, MessageKey, MessageNonce, MessagePayload, OutboundLaneData};
+use crate::{Message, MessageKey, MessageNonce, MessagePayload, OutboundLaneData};
 
 use bp_runtime::{messages::MessageDispatchResult, raw_storage_proof_size, RawStorageProof, Size};
 use codec::{Decode, Encode, Error as CodecError};
@@ -38,20 +38,20 @@ use sp_std::{fmt::Debug, marker::PhantomData, prelude::*};
 ///
 /// - nonces (inclusive range) of messages which are included in this proof.
 #[derive(Clone, Decode, Encode, Eq, PartialEq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
-pub struct FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash> {
+pub struct FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash, Lane> {
 	/// Hash of the finalized bridged header the proof is for.
 	pub bridged_header_hash: BridgedHeaderHash,
 	/// A storage trie proof of messages being delivered.
 	pub storage_proof: RawStorageProof,
 	/// Messages in this proof are sent over this lane.
-	pub lane: LaneId,
+	pub lane: Lane,
 	/// Nonce of the first message being delivered.
 	pub nonces_start: MessageNonce,
 	/// Nonce of the last message being delivered.
 	pub nonces_end: MessageNonce,
 }
 
-impl<BridgedHeaderHash> Size for FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash> {
+impl<BridgedHeaderHash, Lane> Size for FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash, Lane> {
 	fn size(&self) -> u32 {
 		use frame_support::sp_runtime::SaturatedConversion;
 		raw_storage_proof_size(&self.storage_proof).saturated_into()
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ impl<BridgedHeaderHash> Size for FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<BridgedHeaderHash
 }
 
 /// Proved messages from the source chain.
-pub type ProvedMessages<Message> = (LaneId, ProvedLaneMessages<Message>);
+pub type ProvedMessages<LaneId, Message> = (LaneId, ProvedLaneMessages<Message>);
 
 /// Proved messages from single lane of the source chain.
 #[derive(RuntimeDebug, Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, TypeInfo)]
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ pub struct DispatchMessageData<DispatchPayload> {
 
 /// Message with decoded dispatch payload.
 #[derive(RuntimeDebug)]
-pub struct DispatchMessage<DispatchPayload> {
+pub struct DispatchMessage<DispatchPayload, LaneId: Encode> {
 	/// Message key.
-	pub key: MessageKey,
+	pub key: MessageKey<LaneId>,
 	/// Message data with decoded dispatch payload.
 	pub data: DispatchMessageData<DispatchPayload>,
 }
@@ -96,6 +96,9 @@ pub trait MessageDispatch {
 	/// Fine-grained result of single message dispatch (for better diagnostic purposes)
 	type DispatchLevelResult: Clone + sp_std::fmt::Debug + Eq;
 
+	/// Lane identifier type.
+	type LaneId: Encode;
+
 	/// Returns `true` if dispatcher is ready to accept additional messages. The `false` should
 	/// be treated as a hint by both dispatcher and its consumers - i.e. dispatcher shall not
 	/// simply drop messages if it returns `false`. The consumer may still call the `dispatch`
@@ -103,21 +106,23 @@ pub trait MessageDispatch {
 	///
 	/// We check it in the messages delivery transaction prologue. So if it becomes `false`
 	/// after some portion of messages is already dispatched, it doesn't fail the whole transaction.
-	fn is_active(lane: LaneId) -> bool;
+	fn is_active(lane: Self::LaneId) -> bool;
 
 	/// Estimate dispatch weight.
 	///
 	/// This function must return correct upper bound of dispatch weight. The return value
 	/// of this function is expected to match return value of the corresponding
 	/// `From<Chain>InboundLaneApi::message_details().dispatch_weight` call.
-	fn dispatch_weight(message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>) -> Weight;
+	fn dispatch_weight(
+		message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> Weight;
 
 	/// Called when inbound message is received.
 	///
 	/// It is up to the implementers of this trait to determine whether the message
 	/// is invalid (i.e. improperly encoded, has too large weight, ...) or not.
 	fn dispatch(
-		message: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>,
+		message: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
 	) -> MessageDispatchResult<Self::DispatchLevelResult>;
 }
 
@@ -146,8 +151,10 @@ impl<Message> Default for ProvedLaneMessages<Message> {
 	}
 }
 
-impl<DispatchPayload: Decode> From<Message> for DispatchMessage<DispatchPayload> {
-	fn from(message: Message) -> Self {
+impl<DispatchPayload: Decode, LaneId: Encode> From<Message<LaneId>>
+	for DispatchMessage<DispatchPayload, LaneId>
+{
+	fn from(message: Message<LaneId>) -> Self {
 		DispatchMessage { key: message.key, data: message.payload.into() }
 	}
 }
@@ -173,22 +180,27 @@ impl<AccountId> DeliveryPayments<AccountId> for () {
 
 /// Structure that may be used in place of  `MessageDispatch` on chains,
 /// where inbound messages are forbidden.
-pub struct ForbidInboundMessages<DispatchPayload>(PhantomData<DispatchPayload>);
+pub struct ForbidInboundMessages<DispatchPayload, LaneId>(PhantomData<(DispatchPayload, LaneId)>);
 
-impl<DispatchPayload: Decode> MessageDispatch for ForbidInboundMessages<DispatchPayload> {
+impl<DispatchPayload: Decode, LaneId: Encode> MessageDispatch
+	for ForbidInboundMessages<DispatchPayload, LaneId>
+{
 	type DispatchPayload = DispatchPayload;
 	type DispatchLevelResult = ();
+	type LaneId = LaneId;
 
 	fn is_active(_: LaneId) -> bool {
 		false
 	}
 
-	fn dispatch_weight(_message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>) -> Weight {
+	fn dispatch_weight(
+		_message: &mut DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
+	) -> Weight {
 		Weight::MAX
 	}
 
 	fn dispatch(
-		_: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload>,
+		_: DispatchMessage<Self::DispatchPayload, Self::LaneId>,
 	) -> MessageDispatchResult<Self::DispatchLevelResult> {
 		MessageDispatchResult { unspent_weight: Weight::zero(), dispatch_level_result: () }
 	}
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/polkadot-core/Cargo.toml b/bridges/primitives/polkadot-core/Cargo.toml
index 366ee7aa948e8e788f260255e524d7efce93c6f8..295fb281e9bbc5bf7b76d6c66353c6768eb33c12 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/polkadot-core/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bridges/primitives/polkadot-core/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
 codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
-parity-util-mem = { optional = true, workspace = true }
 scale-info = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 serde = { optional = true, features = [
 	"derive",
@@ -42,7 +41,6 @@ std = [
 	"codec/std",
 	"frame-support/std",
 	"frame-system/std",
-	"parity-util-mem",
 	"scale-info/std",
 	"serde",
 	"sp-core/std",
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/polkadot-core/src/parachains.rs b/bridges/primitives/polkadot-core/src/parachains.rs
index d54ee108386edf50865c500eb1062c24b01c0c3e..a8b1cf6eebf49dedf40bcb94135d4e6717dc14d0 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/polkadot-core/src/parachains.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/polkadot-core/src/parachains.rs
@@ -32,9 +32,6 @@ use sp_std::vec::Vec;
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
-use parity_util_mem::MallocSizeOf;
-
 /// Parachain id.
 ///
 /// This is an equivalent of the `polkadot_parachain_primitives::Id`, which is a compact-encoded
@@ -71,7 +68,7 @@ impl From<u32> for ParaId {
 #[derive(
 	PartialEq, Eq, Clone, PartialOrd, Ord, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo, Default,
 )]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Hash, MallocSizeOf))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Hash))]
 pub struct ParaHead(pub Vec<u8>);
 
 impl ParaHead {
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/extension.rs b/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/extension.rs
index 5ab8e6cde96b408f6415768053eebf14c2b82ae4..a9fa4df27ead317d6a34babe36dd289b3db568b0 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/extension.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/extension.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ use bp_header_chain::SubmitFinalityProofInfo;
 use bp_messages::MessagesCallInfo;
 use bp_parachains::SubmitParachainHeadsInfo;
 use bp_runtime::StaticStrProvider;
+use codec::{Decode, Encode};
 use frame_support::{
 	dispatch::CallableCallFor, traits::IsSubType, weights::Weight, RuntimeDebugNoBound,
 };
@@ -35,25 +36,28 @@ use sp_std::{fmt::Debug, marker::PhantomData, vec, vec::Vec};
 
 /// Type of the call that the signed extension recognizes.
 #[derive(PartialEq, RuntimeDebugNoBound)]
-pub enum ExtensionCallInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug> {
+pub enum ExtensionCallInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Debug, LaneId: Clone + Copy + Debug> {
 	/// Relay chain finality + parachain finality + message delivery/confirmation calls.
 	AllFinalityAndMsgs(
 		SubmitFinalityProofInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
 		SubmitParachainHeadsInfo,
-		MessagesCallInfo,
+		MessagesCallInfo<LaneId>,
 	),
 	/// Relay chain finality + message delivery/confirmation calls.
-	RelayFinalityAndMsgs(SubmitFinalityProofInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>, MessagesCallInfo),
+	RelayFinalityAndMsgs(
+		SubmitFinalityProofInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+		MessagesCallInfo<LaneId>,
+	),
 	/// Parachain finality + message delivery/confirmation calls.
 	///
 	/// This variant is used only when bridging with parachain.
-	ParachainFinalityAndMsgs(SubmitParachainHeadsInfo, MessagesCallInfo),
+	ParachainFinalityAndMsgs(SubmitParachainHeadsInfo, MessagesCallInfo<LaneId>),
 	/// Standalone message delivery/confirmation call.
-	Msgs(MessagesCallInfo),
+	Msgs(MessagesCallInfo<LaneId>),
 }
 
-impl<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Clone + Copy + Debug>
-	ExtensionCallInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>
+impl<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Clone + Copy + Debug, LaneId: Clone + Copy + Debug>
+	ExtensionCallInfo<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, LaneId>
 {
 	/// Returns true if call is a message delivery call (with optional finality calls).
 	pub fn is_receive_messages_proof_call(&self) -> bool {
@@ -84,7 +88,7 @@ impl<RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Clone + Copy + Debug>
 	}
 
 	/// Returns the pre-dispatch `ReceiveMessagesProofInfo`.
-	pub fn messages_call_info(&self) -> &MessagesCallInfo {
+	pub fn messages_call_info(&self) -> &MessagesCallInfo<LaneId> {
 		match self {
 			Self::AllFinalityAndMsgs(_, _, info) => info,
 			Self::RelayFinalityAndMsgs(_, info) => info,
@@ -119,25 +123,27 @@ pub trait ExtensionConfig {
 	/// Runtime that optionally supports batched calls. We assume that batched call
 	/// succeeds if and only if all of its nested calls succeed.
 	type Runtime: frame_system::Config;
+	/// Relayers pallet instance.
+	type BridgeRelayersPalletInstance: 'static;
 	/// Messages pallet instance.
 	type BridgeMessagesPalletInstance: 'static;
 	/// Additional priority that is added to base message delivery transaction priority
 	/// for every additional bundled message.
 	type PriorityBoostPerMessage: Get<TransactionPriority>;
-	/// Type of reward, that the `pallet-bridge-relayers` is using.
-	type Reward;
 	/// Block number for the remote **GRANDPA chain**. Mind that this chain is not
 	/// necessarily the chain that we are bridging with. If we are bridging with
 	/// parachain, it must be its parent relay chain. If we are bridging with the
 	/// GRANDPA chain, it must be it.
 	type RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber: Clone + Copy + Debug;
+	/// Lane identifier type.
+	type LaneId: Clone + Copy + Decode + Encode + Debug;
 
 	/// Given runtime call, check if it is supported by the signed extension. Additionally,
 	/// check if call (or any of batched calls) are obsolete.
 	fn parse_and_check_for_obsolete_call(
 		call: &<Self::Runtime as SystemConfig>::RuntimeCall,
 	) -> Result<
-		Option<ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>>,
+		Option<ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, Self::LaneId>>,
 		TransactionValidityError,
 	>;
 
@@ -149,7 +155,7 @@ pub trait ExtensionConfig {
 	/// Given runtime call info, check that this call has been successful and has updated
 	/// runtime storage accordingly.
 	fn check_call_result(
-		call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber>,
+		call_info: &ExtensionCallInfo<Self::RemoteGrandpaChainBlockNumber, Self::LaneId>,
 		call_data: &mut ExtensionCallData,
 		relayer: &<Self::Runtime as SystemConfig>::AccountId,
 	) -> bool;
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/lib.rs b/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/lib.rs
index 1e63c89ecd70434de754e1442c193d65bb5ec182..faa4cb17762940ff0dc6d3fbf322dbf99bb92e49 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/lib.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ pub use extension::{
 };
 pub use registration::{ExplicitOrAccountParams, Registration, StakeAndSlash};
 
-use bp_messages::LaneId;
 use bp_runtime::{ChainId, StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider};
 use frame_support::{traits::tokens::Preservation, Blake2_128Concat, Identity};
 use scale_info::TypeInfo;
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ pub enum RewardsAccountOwner {
 /// of the sovereign accounts will pay rewards for different operations. So we need multiple
 /// parameters to identify the account that pays a reward to the relayer.
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Decode, Encode, Eq, PartialEq, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen)]
-pub struct RewardsAccountParams {
+pub struct RewardsAccountParams<LaneId> {
 	// **IMPORTANT NOTE**: the order of fields here matters - we are using
 	// `into_account_truncating` and lane id is already `32` byte, so if other fields are encoded
 	// after it, they're simply dropped. So lane id shall be the last field.
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ pub struct RewardsAccountParams {
 	lane_id: LaneId,
 }
 
-impl RewardsAccountParams {
+impl<LaneId: Decode + Encode> RewardsAccountParams<LaneId> {
 	/// Create a new instance of `RewardsAccountParams`.
 	pub const fn new(
 		lane_id: LaneId,
@@ -79,9 +78,14 @@ impl RewardsAccountParams {
 	) -> Self {
 		Self { lane_id, bridged_chain_id, owner }
 	}
+
+	/// Getter for `lane_id`.
+	pub const fn lane_id(&self) -> &LaneId {
+		&self.lane_id
+	}
 }
 
-impl TypeId for RewardsAccountParams {
+impl<LaneId: Decode + Encode> TypeId for RewardsAccountParams<LaneId> {
 	const TYPE_ID: [u8; 4] = *b"brap";
 }
 
@@ -89,47 +93,58 @@ impl TypeId for RewardsAccountParams {
 pub trait PaymentProcedure<Relayer, Reward> {
 	/// Error that may be returned by the procedure.
 	type Error: Debug;
+	/// Lane identifier type.
+	type LaneId: Decode + Encode;
 
 	/// Pay reward to the relayer from the account with provided params.
 	fn pay_reward(
 		relayer: &Relayer,
-		rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams,
+		rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams<Self::LaneId>,
 		reward: Reward,
 	) -> Result<(), Self::Error>;
 }
 
 impl<Relayer, Reward> PaymentProcedure<Relayer, Reward> for () {
 	type Error = &'static str;
+	type LaneId = ();
 
-	fn pay_reward(_: &Relayer, _: RewardsAccountParams, _: Reward) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+	fn pay_reward(
+		_: &Relayer,
+		_: RewardsAccountParams<Self::LaneId>,
+		_: Reward,
+	) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
 		Ok(())
 	}
 }
 
 /// Reward payment procedure that does `balances::transfer` call from the account, derived from
 /// given params.
-pub struct PayRewardFromAccount<T, Relayer>(PhantomData<(T, Relayer)>);
+pub struct PayRewardFromAccount<T, Relayer, LaneId>(PhantomData<(T, Relayer, LaneId)>);
 
-impl<T, Relayer> PayRewardFromAccount<T, Relayer>
+impl<T, Relayer, LaneId> PayRewardFromAccount<T, Relayer, LaneId>
 where
 	Relayer: Decode + Encode,
+	LaneId: Decode + Encode,
 {
 	/// Return account that pays rewards based on the provided parameters.
-	pub fn rewards_account(params: RewardsAccountParams) -> Relayer {
+	pub fn rewards_account(params: RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>) -> Relayer {
 		params.into_sub_account_truncating(b"rewards-account")
 	}
 }
 
-impl<T, Relayer> PaymentProcedure<Relayer, T::Balance> for PayRewardFromAccount<T, Relayer>
+impl<T, Relayer, LaneId> PaymentProcedure<Relayer, T::Balance>
+	for PayRewardFromAccount<T, Relayer, LaneId>
 where
 	T: frame_support::traits::fungible::Mutate<Relayer>,
 	Relayer: Decode + Encode + Eq,
+	LaneId: Decode + Encode,
 {
 	type Error = sp_runtime::DispatchError;
+	type LaneId = LaneId;
 
 	fn pay_reward(
 		relayer: &Relayer,
-		rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams,
+		rewards_account_params: RewardsAccountParams<Self::LaneId>,
 		reward: T::Balance,
 	) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
 		T::transfer(
@@ -142,48 +157,56 @@ where
 	}
 }
 
-/// Can be use to access the runtime storage key within the `RelayerRewards` map of the relayers
+/// Can be used to access the runtime storage key within the `RelayerRewards` map of the relayers
 /// pallet.
-pub struct RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<AccountId, Reward>(PhantomData<(AccountId, Reward)>);
+pub struct RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<AccountId, Reward, LaneId>(
+	PhantomData<(AccountId, Reward, LaneId)>,
+);
 
-impl<AccountId, Reward> StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider for RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<AccountId, Reward>
+impl<AccountId, Reward, LaneId> StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider
+	for RelayerRewardsKeyProvider<AccountId, Reward, LaneId>
 where
 	AccountId: 'static + Codec + EncodeLike + Send + Sync,
 	Reward: 'static + Codec + EncodeLike + Send + Sync,
+	LaneId: Codec + EncodeLike + Send + Sync,
 {
 	const MAP_NAME: &'static str = "RelayerRewards";
 
 	type Hasher1 = Blake2_128Concat;
 	type Key1 = AccountId;
 	type Hasher2 = Identity;
-	type Key2 = RewardsAccountParams;
+	type Key2 = RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>;
 	type Value = Reward;
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
-	use bp_messages::LaneId;
-	use sp_runtime::testing::H256;
+	use bp_messages::{HashedLaneId, LaneIdType, LegacyLaneId};
+	use sp_runtime::{app_crypto::Ss58Codec, testing::H256};
 
 	#[test]
 	fn different_lanes_are_using_different_accounts() {
 		assert_eq!(
-			PayRewardFromAccount::<(), H256>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
-				*b"test",
-				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
-			)),
+			PayRewardFromAccount::<(), H256, HashedLaneId>::rewards_account(
+				RewardsAccountParams::new(
+					HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
+					*b"test",
+					RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
+				)
+			),
 			hex_literal::hex!("627261700074657374b1d3dccd8b3c3a012afe265f3e3c4432129b8aee50c9dc")
 				.into(),
 		);
 
 		assert_eq!(
-			PayRewardFromAccount::<(), H256>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
-				LaneId::new(1, 3),
-				*b"test",
-				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
-			)),
+			PayRewardFromAccount::<(), H256, HashedLaneId>::rewards_account(
+				RewardsAccountParams::new(
+					HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 3).unwrap(),
+					*b"test",
+					RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
+				)
+			),
 			hex_literal::hex!("627261700074657374a43e8951aa302c133beb5f85821a21645f07b487270ef3")
 				.into(),
 		);
@@ -192,23 +215,101 @@ mod tests {
 	#[test]
 	fn different_directions_are_using_different_accounts() {
 		assert_eq!(
-			PayRewardFromAccount::<(), H256>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
-				*b"test",
-				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
-			)),
+			PayRewardFromAccount::<(), H256, HashedLaneId>::rewards_account(
+				RewardsAccountParams::new(
+					HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
+					*b"test",
+					RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
+				)
+			),
 			hex_literal::hex!("627261700074657374b1d3dccd8b3c3a012afe265f3e3c4432129b8aee50c9dc")
 				.into(),
 		);
 
 		assert_eq!(
-			PayRewardFromAccount::<(), H256>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
-				*b"test",
-				RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain
-			)),
+			PayRewardFromAccount::<(), H256, HashedLaneId>::rewards_account(
+				RewardsAccountParams::new(
+					HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
+					*b"test",
+					RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain
+				)
+			),
 			hex_literal::hex!("627261700174657374b1d3dccd8b3c3a012afe265f3e3c4432129b8aee50c9dc")
 				.into(),
 		);
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn pay_reward_from_account_for_legacy_lane_id_works() {
+		let test_data = vec![
+			// Note: these accounts are used for integration tests within
+			// `bridges_rococo_westend.sh`
+			(
+				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]),
+				b"bhks",
+				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+				(0_u16, "13E5fui97x6KTwNnSjaEKZ8s7kJNot5F3aUsy3jUtuoMyUec"),
+			),
+			(
+				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]),
+				b"bhks",
+				RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain,
+				(0_u16, "13E5fui9Ka9Vz4JbGN3xWjmwDNxnxF1N9Hhhbeu3VCqLChuj"),
+			),
+			(
+				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]),
+				b"bhpd",
+				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+				(2_u16, "EoQBtnwtXqnSnr9cgBEJpKU7NjeC9EnR4D1VjgcvHz9ZYmS"),
+			),
+			(
+				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]),
+				b"bhpd",
+				RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain,
+				(2_u16, "EoQBtnx69txxumxSJexVzxYD1Q4LWAuWmRq8LrBWb27nhYN"),
+			),
+			// Note: these accounts are used for integration tests within
+			// `bridges_polkadot_kusama.sh` from fellows.
+			(
+				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
+				b"bhwd",
+				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+				(4_u16, "SNihsskf7bFhnHH9HJFMjWD3FJ96ESdAQTFZUAtXudRQbaH"),
+			),
+			(
+				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
+				b"bhwd",
+				RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain,
+				(4_u16, "SNihsskrjeSDuD5xumyYv9H8sxZEbNkG7g5C5LT8CfPdaSE"),
+			),
+			(
+				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
+				b"bhro",
+				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+				(4_u16, "SNihsskf7bF2vWogkC6uFoiqPhd3dUX6TGzYZ1ocJdo3xHp"),
+			),
+			(
+				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
+				b"bhro",
+				RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain,
+				(4_u16, "SNihsskrjeRZ3ScWNfq6SSnw2N3BzQeCAVpBABNCbfmHENB"),
+			),
+		];
+
+		for (lane_id, bridged_chain_id, owner, (expected_ss58, expected_account)) in test_data {
+			assert_eq!(
+				expected_account,
+				sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(PayRewardFromAccount::<
+					[u8; 32],
+					[u8; 32],
+					LegacyLaneId,
+				>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
+					lane_id,
+					*bridged_chain_id,
+					owner
+				)))
+				.to_ss58check_with_version(expected_ss58.into())
+			);
+		}
+	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/registration.rs b/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/registration.rs
index 9d9b7e4812201390c6831ff020c12c8cc995c17a..d74ef18cf706bdee134dc1157a150a3132b36a2e 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/registration.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/relayers/src/registration.rs
@@ -48,15 +48,17 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 
 /// Either explicit account reference or `RewardsAccountParams`.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub enum ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId> {
+pub enum ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId, LaneId: Decode + Encode> {
 	/// Explicit account reference.
 	Explicit(AccountId),
 	/// Account, referenced using `RewardsAccountParams`.
-	Params(RewardsAccountParams),
+	Params(RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>),
 }
 
-impl<AccountId> From<RewardsAccountParams> for ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId> {
-	fn from(params: RewardsAccountParams) -> Self {
+impl<AccountId, LaneId: Decode + Encode> From<RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>>
+	for ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId, LaneId>
+{
+	fn from(params: RewardsAccountParams<LaneId>) -> Self {
 		ExplicitOrAccountParams::Params(params)
 	}
 }
@@ -103,9 +105,9 @@ pub trait StakeAndSlash<AccountId, BlockNumber, Balance> {
 	/// `beneficiary`.
 	///
 	/// Returns `Ok(_)` with non-zero balance if we have failed to repatriate some portion of stake.
-	fn repatriate_reserved(
+	fn repatriate_reserved<LaneId: Decode + Encode>(
 		relayer: &AccountId,
-		beneficiary: ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId>,
+		beneficiary: ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId, LaneId>,
 		amount: Balance,
 	) -> Result<Balance, DispatchError>;
 }
@@ -126,9 +128,9 @@ where
 		Zero::zero()
 	}
 
-	fn repatriate_reserved(
+	fn repatriate_reserved<LaneId: Decode + Encode>(
 		_relayer: &AccountId,
-		_beneficiary: ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId>,
+		_beneficiary: ExplicitOrAccountParams<AccountId, LaneId>,
 		_amount: Balance,
 	) -> Result<Balance, DispatchError> {
 		Ok(Zero::zero())
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/runtime/src/chain.rs b/bridges/primitives/runtime/src/chain.rs
index 0db4eac79a7500bf295756efaef514f5a4429e6c..eba3bcadfead084878e456ebe8d69cc69d015da0 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/runtime/src/chain.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/runtime/src/chain.rs
@@ -365,17 +365,23 @@ macro_rules! decl_bridge_finality_runtime_apis {
 	};
 }
 
+// Re-export to avoid include tuplex dependency everywhere.
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub mod __private {
+	pub use codec;
+}
+
 /// Convenience macro that declares bridge messages runtime apis and related constants for a chain.
 /// This includes:
 /// - chain-specific bridge runtime APIs:
-///     - `To<ThisChain>OutboundLaneApi`
-///     - `From<ThisChain>InboundLaneApi`
+///     - `To<ThisChain>OutboundLaneApi<LaneIdType>`
+///     - `From<ThisChain>InboundLaneApi<LaneIdType>`
 /// - constants that are stringified names of runtime API methods:
 ///     - `FROM_<THIS_CHAIN>_MESSAGE_DETAILS_METHOD`,
 /// The name of the chain has to be specified in snake case (e.g. `bridge_hub_polkadot`).
 #[macro_export]
 macro_rules! decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis {
-	($chain: ident) => {
+	($chain: ident, $lane_id_type:ty) => {
 		bp_runtime::paste::item! {
 			mod [<$chain _messages_api>] {
 				use super::*;
@@ -400,7 +406,7 @@ macro_rules! decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis {
 						/// If some (or all) messages are missing from the storage, they'll also will
 						/// be missing from the resulting vector. The vector is ordered by the nonce.
 						fn message_details(
-							lane: bp_messages::LaneId,
+							lane: $lane_id_type,
 							begin: bp_messages::MessageNonce,
 							end: bp_messages::MessageNonce,
 						) -> sp_std::vec::Vec<bp_messages::OutboundMessageDetails>;
@@ -416,7 +422,7 @@ macro_rules! decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis {
 					pub trait [<From $chain:camel InboundLaneApi>] {
 						/// Return details of given inbound messages.
 						fn message_details(
-							lane: bp_messages::LaneId,
+							lane: $lane_id_type,
 							messages: sp_std::vec::Vec<(bp_messages::MessagePayload, bp_messages::OutboundMessageDetails)>,
 						) -> sp_std::vec::Vec<bp_messages::InboundMessageDetails>;
 					}
@@ -433,8 +439,8 @@ macro_rules! decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis {
 /// The name of the chain has to be specified in snake case (e.g. `bridge_hub_polkadot`).
 #[macro_export]
 macro_rules! decl_bridge_runtime_apis {
-	($chain: ident $(, $consensus: ident)?) => {
+	($chain: ident $(, $consensus: ident, $lane_id_type:ident)?) => {
 		bp_runtime::decl_bridge_finality_runtime_apis!($chain $(, $consensus)?);
-		bp_runtime::decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!($chain);
+		bp_runtime::decl_bridge_messages_runtime_apis!($chain, $lane_id_type);
 	};
 }
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/runtime/src/lib.rs b/bridges/primitives/runtime/src/lib.rs
index 8f5040ad9a1bee5efad995b4e62d5e883dfb0c9f..90eb72922beaa3bc490c879eacb43a7db521f9a0 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ use sp_std::{fmt::Debug, ops::RangeInclusive, vec, vec::Vec};
 pub use chain::{
 	AccountIdOf, AccountPublicOf, BalanceOf, BlockNumberOf, Chain, EncodedOrDecodedCall, HashOf,
 	HasherOf, HeaderOf, NonceOf, Parachain, ParachainIdOf, SignatureOf, TransactionEraOf,
-	UnderlyingChainOf, UnderlyingChainProvider,
+	UnderlyingChainOf, UnderlyingChainProvider, __private,
 };
 pub use frame_support::storage::storage_prefix as storage_value_final_key;
 use num_traits::{CheckedAdd, CheckedSub, One, SaturatingAdd, Zero};
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ pub trait StorageMapKeyProvider {
 	}
 }
 
-/// Can be use to access the runtime storage key of a `StorageDoubleMap`.
+/// Can be used to access the runtime storage key of a `StorageDoubleMap`.
 pub trait StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider {
 	/// The name of the variable that holds the `StorageDoubleMap`.
 	const MAP_NAME: &'static str;
diff --git a/bridges/primitives/xcm-bridge-hub/src/lib.rs b/bridges/primitives/xcm-bridge-hub/src/lib.rs
index 44a90a57d4fbc6c423973ab89d6756b5832da1ff..061e7a27506329029da1e62f7ddd56f516b5dd80 100644
--- a/bridges/primitives/xcm-bridge-hub/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/primitives/xcm-bridge-hub/src/lib.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
 #![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
 
-use bp_messages::LaneId;
+use bp_messages::LaneIdType;
 use bp_runtime::{AccountIdOf, BalanceOf, Chain};
 pub use call_info::XcmBridgeHubCall;
 use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ pub type XcmAsPlainPayload = sp_std::vec::Vec<u8>;
 	Ord,
 	PartialOrd,
 	PartialEq,
-	RuntimeDebug,
 	TypeInfo,
 	MaxEncodedLen,
 	Serialize,
@@ -90,6 +89,12 @@ impl BridgeId {
 	}
 }
 
+impl core::fmt::Debug for BridgeId {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+		core::fmt::Debug::fmt(&self.0, f)
+	}
+}
+
 /// Local XCM channel manager.
 pub trait LocalXcmChannelManager {
 	/// Error that may be returned when suspending/resuming the bridge.
@@ -149,8 +154,8 @@ pub enum BridgeState {
 #[derive(
 	CloneNoBound, Decode, Encode, Eq, PartialEqNoBound, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen, RuntimeDebugNoBound,
 )]
-#[scale_info(skip_type_params(ThisChain))]
-pub struct Bridge<ThisChain: Chain> {
+#[scale_info(skip_type_params(ThisChain, LaneId))]
+pub struct Bridge<ThisChain: Chain, LaneId: LaneIdType> {
 	/// Relative location of the bridge origin chain. This is expected to be **convertible** to the
 	/// `latest` XCM, so the check and migration needs to be ensured.
 	pub bridge_origin_relative_location: Box<VersionedLocation>,
@@ -204,6 +209,8 @@ pub enum BridgeLocationsError {
 	UnsupportedDestinationLocation,
 	/// The version of XCM location argument is unsupported.
 	UnsupportedXcmVersion,
+	/// The `LaneIdType` generator is not supported.
+	UnsupportedLaneIdType,
 }
 
 impl BridgeLocations {
@@ -318,7 +325,7 @@ impl BridgeLocations {
 	/// Generates the exact same `LaneId` on the both bridge hubs.
 	///
 	/// Note: Use this **only** when opening a new bridge.
-	pub fn calculate_lane_id(
+	pub fn calculate_lane_id<LaneId: LaneIdType>(
 		&self,
 		xcm_version: XcmVersion,
 	) -> Result<LaneId, BridgeLocationsError> {
@@ -341,10 +348,11 @@ impl BridgeLocations {
 				.into_version(xcm_version)
 				.map_err(|_| BridgeLocationsError::UnsupportedXcmVersion);
 
-		Ok(LaneId::new(
+		LaneId::try_new(
 			EncodedVersionedInteriorLocation(universal_location1.encode()),
 			EncodedVersionedInteriorLocation(universal_location2.encode()),
-		))
+		)
+		.map_err(|_| BridgeLocationsError::UnsupportedLaneIdType)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -590,6 +598,8 @@ mod tests {
 
 	#[test]
 	fn calculate_lane_id_works() {
+		type TestLaneId = bp_messages::HashedLaneId;
+
 		let from_local_to_remote = run_successful_test(SuccessfulTest {
 			here_universal_location: [GlobalConsensus(LOCAL_NETWORK), Parachain(LOCAL_BRIDGE_HUB)]
 				.into(),
@@ -631,12 +641,12 @@ mod tests {
 		});
 
 		assert_ne!(
-			from_local_to_remote.calculate_lane_id(xcm::latest::VERSION),
-			from_remote_to_local.calculate_lane_id(xcm::latest::VERSION - 1),
+			from_local_to_remote.calculate_lane_id::<TestLaneId>(xcm::latest::VERSION),
+			from_remote_to_local.calculate_lane_id::<TestLaneId>(xcm::latest::VERSION - 1),
 		);
 		assert_eq!(
-			from_local_to_remote.calculate_lane_id(xcm::latest::VERSION),
-			from_remote_to_local.calculate_lane_id(xcm::latest::VERSION),
+			from_local_to_remote.calculate_lane_id::<TestLaneId>(xcm::latest::VERSION),
+			from_remote_to_local.calculate_lane_id::<TestLaneId>(xcm::latest::VERSION),
 		);
 	}
 
diff --git a/bridges/relays/client-substrate/src/chain.rs b/bridges/relays/client-substrate/src/chain.rs
index 227e9c31c5bfc6a93df88bb117f29bdb1b7c61d3..9856f0d0237ea63997ffc24baf0f1f099df9ef6b 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/client-substrate/src/chain.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/client-substrate/src/chain.rs
@@ -113,9 +113,6 @@ impl<T> Parachain for T where T: UnderlyingChainProvider + Chain + ParachainBase
 
 /// Substrate-based chain with messaging support from minimal relay-client point of view.
 pub trait ChainWithMessages: Chain + ChainWithMessagesBase {
-	// TODO (https://github.com/paritytech/parity-bridges-common/issues/1692): check all the names
-	// after the issue is fixed - all names must be changed
-
 	/// Name of the bridge relayers pallet (used in `construct_runtime` macro call) that is deployed
 	/// at some other chain to bridge with this `ChainWithMessages`.
 	///
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/Cargo.toml b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/Cargo.toml
index 89115cfeee92dc133eeb84914ec4063ee056f8a3..b0f93e5b5485f24b230b9b2868c6301b6ed64181 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/Cargo.toml
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ num-traits = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 rbtag = { workspace = true }
 structopt = { workspace = true }
 strum = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
-rustc-hex = { workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 
 # Bridge dependencies
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/bridge.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/bridge.rs
index 28b0eb0ad526789d44ec6936e01e269f4e93a816..9467813f86cc94555d8dfb003d4c675cf025b5f5 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/bridge.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/bridge.rs
@@ -108,3 +108,7 @@ pub trait MessagesCliBridge: CliBridgeBase {
 		None
 	}
 }
+
+/// An alias for lane identifier type.
+pub type MessagesLaneIdOf<B> =
+	<<B as MessagesCliBridge>::MessagesLane as SubstrateMessageLane>::LaneId;
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/mod.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/mod.rs
index ef8403ff68ee1ea2d849e5f221c439ef537e8d35..d7aa38f1f2bafc23b878847e182379b3a0f402c4 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/mod.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/mod.rs
@@ -16,13 +16,10 @@
 
 //! Deal with CLI args of substrate-to-substrate relay.
 
-use bp_messages::LaneId;
 use rbtag::BuildInfo;
-use sp_core::H256;
-use sp_runtime::Either;
+use sp_runtime::traits::TryConvert;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 use structopt::StructOpt;
-use strum::{EnumString, VariantNames};
 
 pub mod bridge;
 pub mod chain_schema;
@@ -43,36 +40,19 @@ pub type DefaultClient<C> = relay_substrate_client::RpcWithCachingClient<C>;
 
 /// Lane id.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct HexLaneId(Either<H256, [u8; 4]>);
+pub struct HexLaneId(Vec<u8>);
 
-impl From<HexLaneId> for LaneId {
-	fn from(lane_id: HexLaneId) -> LaneId {
-		LaneId::from_inner(lane_id.0)
+impl<T: TryFrom<Vec<u8>>> TryConvert<HexLaneId, T> for HexLaneId {
+	fn try_convert(lane_id: HexLaneId) -> Result<T, HexLaneId> {
+		T::try_from(lane_id.0.clone()).map_err(|_| lane_id)
 	}
 }
 
 impl FromStr for HexLaneId {
-	type Err = rustc_hex::FromHexError;
+	type Err = hex::FromHexError;
 
 	fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
-		// check `H256` variant at first
-		match H256::from_str(s) {
-			Ok(hash) => Ok(HexLaneId(Either::Left(hash))),
-			Err(hash_error) => {
-				// check backwards compatible
-				let mut lane_id = [0u8; 4];
-				match hex::decode_to_slice(s, &mut lane_id) {
-					Ok(_) => Ok(HexLaneId(Either::Right(lane_id))),
-					Err(array_error) => {
-						log::error!(
-							target: "bridge",
-							"Failed to parse `HexLaneId` as hex string: {s:?} - hash_error: {hash_error:?}, array_error: {array_error:?}",
-						);
-						Err(hash_error)
-					},
-				}
-			},
-		}
+		hex::decode(s).map(Self)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -158,20 +138,11 @@ where
 	}
 }
 
-#[doc = "Runtime version params."]
-#[derive(StructOpt, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy, EnumString, VariantNames)]
-pub enum RuntimeVersionType {
-	/// Auto query version from chain
-	Auto,
-	/// Custom `spec_version` and `transaction_version`
-	Custom,
-	/// Read version from bundle dependencies directly.
-	Bundle,
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
+	use bp_messages::{HashedLaneId, LegacyLaneId};
+	use sp_core::H256;
 
 	#[test]
 	fn hex_lane_id_from_str_works() {
@@ -185,21 +156,21 @@ mod tests {
 		)
 		.is_err());
 		assert_eq!(
-			LaneId::from(
+			HexLaneId::try_convert(
 				HexLaneId::from_str(
 					"0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101"
 				)
 				.unwrap()
 			),
-			LaneId::from_inner(Either::Left(H256::from([1u8; 32])))
+			Ok(HashedLaneId::from_inner(H256::from([1u8; 32])))
 		);
 
 		// array variant
 		assert!(HexLaneId::from_str("0000001").is_err());
 		assert!(HexLaneId::from_str("000000001").is_err());
 		assert_eq!(
-			LaneId::from(HexLaneId::from_str("00000001").unwrap()),
-			LaneId::from_inner(Either::Right([0, 0, 0, 1]))
+			HexLaneId::try_convert(HexLaneId::from_str("00000001").unwrap()),
+			Ok(LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]))
 		);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_headers.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_headers.rs
index ea92a0c9acce15a7f5000d0dd7e0253bbafc7844..308b041c46f790c637106aa08db08b50f9746d97 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_headers.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_headers.rs
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ pub trait HeadersRelayer: RelayToRelayHeadersCliBridge {
 			signer: target_sign,
 			mortality: target_transactions_mortality,
 		};
+
 		Self::Finality::start_relay_guards(&target_client, target_client.can_start_version_guard())
 			.await?;
 
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_headers_and_messages/mod.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_headers_and_messages/mod.rs
index 3786976bed9b0723af47b6f81da1b813405fa95c..bb6c689a76eb02bdbf6def9d3ac5d4742817ab06 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_headers_and_messages/mod.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_headers_and_messages/mod.rs
@@ -31,18 +31,20 @@ pub mod relay_to_relay;
 pub mod relay_to_parachain;
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use std::{marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc};
+use std::{fmt::Debug, marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc};
 use structopt::StructOpt;
 
 use futures::{FutureExt, TryFutureExt};
 
 use crate::{
-	cli::{bridge::MessagesCliBridge, DefaultClient, HexLaneId, PrometheusParams},
+	cli::{
+		bridge::{MessagesCliBridge, MessagesLaneIdOf},
+		DefaultClient, HexLaneId, PrometheusParams,
+	},
 	messages::{MessagesRelayLimits, MessagesRelayParams},
 	on_demand::OnDemandRelay,
 	HeadersToRelay, TaggedAccount, TransactionParams,
 };
-use bp_messages::LaneId;
 use bp_runtime::BalanceOf;
 use relay_substrate_client::{
 	AccountIdOf, AccountKeyPairOf, Chain, ChainWithBalances, ChainWithMessages,
@@ -50,6 +52,7 @@ use relay_substrate_client::{
 };
 use relay_utils::metrics::MetricsParams;
 use sp_core::Pair;
+use sp_runtime::traits::TryConvert;
 
 /// Parameters that have the same names across all bridges.
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, StructOpt)]
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ where
 		&self,
 		source_to_target_headers_relay: Arc<dyn OnDemandRelay<Source, Target>>,
 		target_to_source_headers_relay: Arc<dyn OnDemandRelay<Target, Source>>,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: MessagesLaneIdOf<Bridge>,
 		maybe_limits: Option<MessagesRelayLimits>,
 	) -> MessagesRelayParams<Bridge::MessagesLane, DefaultClient<Source>, DefaultClient<Target>> {
 		MessagesRelayParams {
@@ -287,36 +290,57 @@ where
 			self.mut_base().start_on_demand_headers_relayers().await?;
 
 		// add balance-related metrics
-		let lanes = self
+		let lanes_l2r: Vec<MessagesLaneIdOf<Self::L2R>> = self
 			.base()
 			.common()
 			.shared
 			.lane
 			.iter()
 			.cloned()
-			.map(Into::into)
-			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+			.map(HexLaneId::try_convert)
+			.collect::<Result<Vec<_>, HexLaneId>>()
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				anyhow::format_err!("Conversion failed for L2R lanes with error: {:?}!", e)
+			})?;
+		let lanes_r2l: Vec<MessagesLaneIdOf<Self::R2L>> = self
+			.base()
+			.common()
+			.shared
+			.lane
+			.iter()
+			.cloned()
+			.map(HexLaneId::try_convert)
+			.collect::<Result<Vec<_>, HexLaneId>>()
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				anyhow::format_err!("Conversion failed for R2L lanes with error: {:?}!", e)
+			})?;
 		{
 			let common = self.mut_base().mut_common();
-			crate::messages::metrics::add_relay_balances_metrics::<_, Self::Right>(
-				common.left.client.clone(),
-				&common.metrics_params,
-				&common.left.accounts,
-				&lanes,
+			crate::messages::metrics::add_relay_balances_metrics::<
+				_,
+				Self::Right,
+				MessagesLaneIdOf<Self::L2R>,
+			>(
+				common.left.client.clone(), &common.metrics_params, &common.left.accounts, &lanes_l2r
 			)
 			.await?;
-			crate::messages::metrics::add_relay_balances_metrics::<_, Self::Left>(
+			crate::messages::metrics::add_relay_balances_metrics::<
+				_,
+				Self::Left,
+				MessagesLaneIdOf<Self::R2L>,
+			>(
 				common.right.client.clone(),
 				&common.metrics_params,
 				&common.right.accounts,
-				&lanes,
+				&lanes_r2l,
 			)
 			.await?;
 		}
 
 		// Need 2x capacity since we consider both directions for each lane
-		let mut message_relays = Vec::with_capacity(lanes.len() * 2);
-		for lane in lanes {
+		let mut message_relays =
+			Vec::with_capacity(lanes_l2r.len().saturating_add(lanes_r2l.len()));
+		for lane in lanes_l2r {
 			let left_to_right_messages =
 				crate::messages::run::<<Self::L2R as MessagesCliBridge>::MessagesLane, _, _>(
 					self.left_to_right().messages_relay_params(
@@ -329,7 +353,8 @@ where
 				.map_err(|e| anyhow::format_err!("{}", e))
 				.boxed();
 			message_relays.push(left_to_right_messages);
-
+		}
+		for lane in lanes_r2l {
 			let right_to_left_messages =
 				crate::messages::run::<<Self::R2L as MessagesCliBridge>::MessagesLane, _, _>(
 					self.right_to_left().messages_relay_params(
@@ -359,8 +384,6 @@ mod tests {
 	use crate::{cli::chain_schema::RuntimeVersionType, declare_chain_cli_schema};
 
 	use relay_substrate_client::{ChainRuntimeVersion, Parachain, SimpleRuntimeVersion};
-	use sp_core::H256;
-	use sp_runtime::Either;
 
 	#[test]
 	// We need `#[allow(dead_code)]` because some of the methods generated by the macros
@@ -434,7 +457,7 @@ mod tests {
 			res,
 			BridgeHubKusamaBridgeHubPolkadotHeadersAndMessages {
 				shared: HeadersAndMessagesSharedParams {
-					lane: vec![HexLaneId(Either::Left(H256::from([0x00u8; 32])))],
+					lane: vec![HexLaneId(vec![0x00u8; 32])],
 					only_mandatory_headers: false,
 					only_free_headers: false,
 					prometheus_params: PrometheusParams {
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_messages.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_messages.rs
index 34d5226e90c59981ffca14f7bafafc3eb64a266c..71d3adc078e2bfcee32a82a5cb8544e6a0e3a88d 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_messages.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_messages.rs
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ use relay_substrate_client::{
 	ChainWithTransactions, Client,
 };
 use relay_utils::UniqueSaturatedInto;
+use sp_runtime::traits::TryConvert;
 
 /// Messages relaying params.
 #[derive(StructOpt)]
@@ -116,6 +117,11 @@ where
 		let target_client = data.target.into_client::<Self::Target>().await?;
 		let target_sign = data.target_sign.to_keypair::<Self::Target>()?;
 		let target_transactions_mortality = data.target_sign.transactions_mortality()?;
+		let lane_id = HexLaneId::try_convert(data.lane).map_err(|invalid_lane_id| {
+			anyhow::format_err!("Invalid laneId: {:?}!", invalid_lane_id)
+		})?;
+
+		Self::start_relay_guards(&target_client, target_client.can_start_version_guard()).await?;
 
 		crate::messages::run::<Self::MessagesLane, _, _>(MessagesRelayParams {
 			source_client,
@@ -130,7 +136,7 @@ where
 			},
 			source_to_target_headers_relay: None,
 			target_to_source_headers_relay: None,
-			lane_id: data.lane.into(),
+			lane_id,
 			limits: Self::maybe_messages_limits(),
 			metrics_params: data.prometheus_params.into_metrics_params()?,
 		})
@@ -146,6 +152,9 @@ where
 		let source_transactions_mortality = data.source_sign.transactions_mortality()?;
 		let target_sign = data.target_sign.to_keypair::<Self::Target>()?;
 		let target_transactions_mortality = data.target_sign.transactions_mortality()?;
+		let lane_id = HexLaneId::try_convert(data.lane).map_err(|invalid_lane_id| {
+			anyhow::format_err!("Invalid laneId: {:?}!", invalid_lane_id)
+		})?;
 
 		let at_source_block = source_client
 			.header_by_number(data.at_source_block.unique_saturated_into())
@@ -167,7 +176,7 @@ where
 			TransactionParams { signer: source_sign, mortality: source_transactions_mortality },
 			TransactionParams { signer: target_sign, mortality: target_transactions_mortality },
 			at_source_block,
-			data.lane.into(),
+			lane_id,
 			data.messages_start..=data.messages_end,
 			data.outbound_state_proof_required,
 		)
@@ -182,6 +191,9 @@ where
 		let target_client = data.target.into_client::<Self::Target>().await?;
 		let source_sign = data.source_sign.to_keypair::<Self::Source>()?;
 		let source_transactions_mortality = data.source_sign.transactions_mortality()?;
+		let lane_id = HexLaneId::try_convert(data.lane).map_err(|invalid_lane_id| {
+			anyhow::format_err!("Invalid laneId: {:?}!", invalid_lane_id)
+		})?;
 
 		let at_target_block = target_client
 			.header_by_number(data.at_target_block.unique_saturated_into())
@@ -202,8 +214,22 @@ where
 			target_client,
 			TransactionParams { signer: source_sign, mortality: source_transactions_mortality },
 			at_target_block,
-			data.lane.into(),
+			lane_id,
 		)
 		.await
 	}
+
+	/// Add relay guards if required.
+	async fn start_relay_guards(
+		target_client: &impl Client<Self::Target>,
+		enable_version_guard: bool,
+	) -> relay_substrate_client::Result<()> {
+		if enable_version_guard {
+			relay_substrate_client::guard::abort_on_spec_version_change(
+				target_client.clone(),
+				target_client.simple_runtime_version().await?.spec_version,
+			);
+		}
+		Ok(())
+	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_parachains.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_parachains.rs
index 77cd395ff7225e9a0d088cc35cf0f86ab78caf46..83285b69f70157ab5a05831af006535b08a7cf3d 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_parachains.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/cli/relay_parachains.rs
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ use crate::{
 		chain_schema::*,
 		DefaultClient, PrometheusParams,
 	},
+	finality::SubstrateFinalitySyncPipeline,
 	parachains::{source::ParachainsSource, target::ParachainsTarget, ParachainsPipelineAdapter},
 	TransactionParams,
 };
@@ -104,6 +105,12 @@ where
 			data.prometheus_params.into_metrics_params()?;
 		GlobalMetrics::new()?.register_and_spawn(&metrics_params.registry)?;
 
+		Self::RelayFinality::start_relay_guards(
+			target_client.target_client(),
+			target_client.target_client().can_start_version_guard(),
+		)
+		.await?;
+
 		parachains_relay::parachains_loop::run(
 			source_client,
 			target_client,
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/metrics.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/metrics.rs
index 8845f43dcb62aa778b50354141381290fc0b897d..efe429701c41b6796433db1f6f4cef5d42ebc331 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/metrics.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/metrics.rs
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
 
 use crate::TaggedAccount;
 
-use bp_messages::LaneId;
 use bp_relayers::{RewardsAccountOwner, RewardsAccountParams};
 use bp_runtime::StorageDoubleMapKeyProvider;
-use codec::Decode;
+use codec::{Decode, EncodeLike};
 use frame_system::AccountInfo;
+use messages_relay::Labeled;
 use pallet_balances::AccountData;
 use relay_substrate_client::{
 	metrics::{FloatStorageValue, FloatStorageValueMetric},
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use sp_runtime::{FixedPointNumber, FixedU128};
 use std::{fmt::Debug, marker::PhantomData};
 
 /// Add relay accounts balance metrics.
-pub async fn add_relay_balances_metrics<C: ChainWithBalances, BC: ChainWithMessages>(
+pub async fn add_relay_balances_metrics<C: ChainWithBalances, BC: ChainWithMessages, LaneId>(
 	client: impl Client<C>,
 	metrics: &MetricsParams,
 	relay_accounts: &Vec<TaggedAccount<AccountIdOf<C>>>,
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ pub async fn add_relay_balances_metrics<C: ChainWithBalances, BC: ChainWithMessa
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()>
 where
 	BalanceOf<C>: Into<u128> + std::fmt::Debug,
+	LaneId: Clone + Copy + Decode + EncodeLike + Send + Sync + Labeled,
 {
 	if relay_accounts.is_empty() {
 		return Ok(())
@@ -52,9 +53,8 @@ where
 	let token_decimals = client
 		.token_decimals()
 		.await?
-		.map(|token_decimals| {
+		.inspect(|token_decimals| {
 			log::info!(target: "bridge", "Read `tokenDecimals` for {}: {}", C::NAME, token_decimals);
-			token_decimals
 		})
 		.unwrap_or_else(|| {
 			// turns out it is normal not to have this property - e.g. when polkadot binary is
@@ -86,25 +86,25 @@ where
 				FloatStorageValueMetric::new(
 					AccountBalance::<C> { token_decimals, _phantom: Default::default() },
 					client.clone(),
-					bp_relayers::RelayerRewardsKeyProvider::<AccountIdOf<C>, BalanceOf<C>>::final_key(
+					bp_relayers::RelayerRewardsKeyProvider::<AccountIdOf<C>, BalanceOf<C>, LaneId>::final_key(
 						relayers_pallet_name,
 						account.id(),
 						&RewardsAccountParams::new(*lane, BC::ID, RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain),
 					),
-					format!("at_{}_relay_{}_reward_for_msgs_from_{}_on_lane_{}", C::NAME, account.tag(), BC::NAME, hex::encode(lane.as_ref())),
-					format!("Reward of the {} relay account at {} for delivering messages from {} on lane {:?}", account.tag(), C::NAME, BC::NAME, lane),
+					format!("at_{}_relay_{}_reward_for_msgs_from_{}_on_lane_{}", C::NAME, account.tag(), BC::NAME, lane.label()),
+					format!("Reward of the {} relay account at {} for delivering messages from {} on lane {:?}", account.tag(), C::NAME, BC::NAME, lane.label()),
 				)?.register_and_spawn(&metrics.registry)?;
 
 				FloatStorageValueMetric::new(
 					AccountBalance::<C> { token_decimals, _phantom: Default::default() },
 					client.clone(),
-					bp_relayers::RelayerRewardsKeyProvider::<AccountIdOf<C>, BalanceOf<C>>::final_key(
+					bp_relayers::RelayerRewardsKeyProvider::<AccountIdOf<C>, BalanceOf<C>, LaneId>::final_key(
 						relayers_pallet_name,
 						account.id(),
 						&RewardsAccountParams::new(*lane, BC::ID, RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain),
 					),
-					format!("at_{}_relay_{}_reward_for_msgs_to_{}_on_lane_{}", C::NAME, account.tag(), BC::NAME, hex::encode(lane.as_ref())),
-					format!("Reward of the {} relay account at {} for delivering messages confirmations from {} on lane {:?}", account.tag(), C::NAME, BC::NAME, lane),
+					format!("at_{}_relay_{}_reward_for_msgs_to_{}_on_lane_{}", C::NAME, account.tag(), BC::NAME, lane.label()),
+					format!("Reward of the {} relay account at {} for delivering messages confirmations from {} on lane {:?}", account.tag(), C::NAME, BC::NAME, lane.label()),
 				)?.register_and_spawn(&metrics.registry)?;
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/mod.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/mod.rs
index 28bc5c7f5e8e60875ac5e294225a0b9285c5f7ae..f7031648bc35d3b0dc249ae25888409eb368d0d9 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/mod.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/mod.rs
@@ -27,19 +27,17 @@ use crate::{
 
 use async_std::sync::Arc;
 use bp_messages::{
-	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, ChainWithMessages as _, LaneId, MessageNonce,
+	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, ChainWithMessages as _, MessageNonce,
 };
-use bp_runtime::{
-	AccountIdOf, Chain as _, EncodedOrDecodedCall, HeaderIdOf, TransactionEra, WeightExtraOps,
-};
-use codec::Encode;
+use bp_runtime::{AccountIdOf, EncodedOrDecodedCall, HeaderIdOf, TransactionEra, WeightExtraOps};
+use codec::{Codec, Encode, EncodeLike};
 use frame_support::{dispatch::GetDispatchInfo, weights::Weight};
-use messages_relay::{message_lane::MessageLane, message_lane_loop::BatchTransaction};
+use messages_relay::{message_lane::MessageLane, message_lane_loop::BatchTransaction, Labeled};
 use pallet_bridge_messages::{Call as BridgeMessagesCall, Config as BridgeMessagesConfig};
 use relay_substrate_client::{
 	transaction_stall_timeout, AccountKeyPairOf, BalanceOf, BlockNumberOf, CallOf, Chain,
-	ChainWithMessages, ChainWithTransactions, Client, Error as SubstrateError, HashOf, SignParam,
-	UnsignedTransaction,
+	ChainBase, ChainWithMessages, ChainWithTransactions, Client, Error as SubstrateError, HashOf,
+	SignParam, UnsignedTransaction,
 };
 use relay_utils::{
 	metrics::{GlobalMetrics, MetricsParams, StandaloneMetric},
@@ -60,6 +58,18 @@ pub trait SubstrateMessageLane: 'static + Clone + Debug + Send + Sync {
 	/// Messages from the `SourceChain` are dispatched on this chain.
 	type TargetChain: ChainWithMessages + ChainWithTransactions;
 
+	/// Lane identifier type.
+	type LaneId: Clone
+		+ Copy
+		+ Debug
+		+ Codec
+		+ EncodeLike
+		+ Send
+		+ Sync
+		+ Labeled
+		+ TryFrom<Vec<u8>>
+		+ Default;
+
 	/// How receive messages proof call is built?
 	type ReceiveMessagesProofCallBuilder: ReceiveMessagesProofCallBuilder<Self>;
 	/// How receive messages delivery proof call is built?
@@ -81,8 +91,10 @@ impl<P: SubstrateMessageLane> MessageLane for MessageLaneAdapter<P> {
 	const SOURCE_NAME: &'static str = P::SourceChain::NAME;
 	const TARGET_NAME: &'static str = P::TargetChain::NAME;
 
-	type MessagesProof = SubstrateMessagesProof<P::SourceChain>;
-	type MessagesReceivingProof = SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<P::TargetChain>;
+	type LaneId = P::LaneId;
+
+	type MessagesProof = SubstrateMessagesProof<P::SourceChain, P::LaneId>;
+	type MessagesReceivingProof = SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<P::TargetChain, P::LaneId>;
 
 	type SourceChainBalance = BalanceOf<P::SourceChain>;
 	type SourceHeaderNumber = BlockNumberOf<P::SourceChain>;
@@ -109,7 +121,7 @@ pub struct MessagesRelayParams<P: SubstrateMessageLane, SourceClnt, TargetClnt>
 	pub target_to_source_headers_relay:
 		Option<Arc<dyn OnDemandRelay<P::TargetChain, P::SourceChain>>>,
 	/// Identifier of lane that needs to be served.
-	pub lane_id: LaneId,
+	pub lane_id: P::LaneId,
 	/// Messages relay limits. If not provided, the relay tries to determine it automatically,
 	/// using `TransactionPayment` pallet runtime API.
 	pub limits: Option<MessagesRelayLimits>,
@@ -293,7 +305,7 @@ pub async fn relay_messages_range<P: SubstrateMessageLane>(
 	source_transaction_params: TransactionParams<AccountKeyPairOf<P::SourceChain>>,
 	target_transaction_params: TransactionParams<AccountKeyPairOf<P::TargetChain>>,
 	at_source_block: HeaderIdOf<P::SourceChain>,
-	lane_id: LaneId,
+	lane_id: P::LaneId,
 	range: RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>,
 	outbound_state_proof_required: bool,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()>
@@ -335,7 +347,7 @@ pub async fn relay_messages_delivery_confirmation<P: SubstrateMessageLane>(
 	target_client: impl Client<P::TargetChain>,
 	source_transaction_params: TransactionParams<AccountKeyPairOf<P::SourceChain>>,
 	at_target_block: HeaderIdOf<P::TargetChain>,
-	lane_id: LaneId,
+	lane_id: P::LaneId,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()>
 where
 	AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>: From<<AccountKeyPairOf<P::SourceChain> as Pair>::Public>,
@@ -372,7 +384,7 @@ pub trait ReceiveMessagesProofCallBuilder<P: SubstrateMessageLane> {
 	/// messages module at the target chain.
 	fn build_receive_messages_proof_call(
 		relayer_id_at_source: AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>,
-		proof: SubstrateMessagesProof<P::SourceChain>,
+		proof: SubstrateMessagesProof<P::SourceChain, P::LaneId>,
 		messages_count: u32,
 		dispatch_weight: Weight,
 		trace_call: bool,
@@ -388,7 +400,7 @@ pub struct DirectReceiveMessagesProofCallBuilder<P, R, I> {
 impl<P, R, I> ReceiveMessagesProofCallBuilder<P> for DirectReceiveMessagesProofCallBuilder<P, R, I>
 where
 	P: SubstrateMessageLane,
-	R: BridgeMessagesConfig<I>,
+	R: BridgeMessagesConfig<I, LaneId = P::LaneId>,
 	I: 'static,
 	R::BridgedChain:
 		bp_runtime::Chain<AccountId = AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>, Hash = HashOf<P::SourceChain>>,
@@ -396,7 +408,7 @@ where
 {
 	fn build_receive_messages_proof_call(
 		relayer_id_at_source: AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>,
-		proof: SubstrateMessagesProof<P::SourceChain>,
+		proof: SubstrateMessagesProof<P::SourceChain, P::LaneId>,
 		messages_count: u32,
 		dispatch_weight: Weight,
 		trace_call: bool,
@@ -444,7 +456,8 @@ macro_rules! generate_receive_message_proof_call_builder {
 					<$pipeline as $crate::messages::SubstrateMessageLane>::SourceChain
 				>,
 				proof: $crate::messages::source::SubstrateMessagesProof<
-					<$pipeline as $crate::messages::SubstrateMessageLane>::SourceChain
+					<$pipeline as $crate::messages::SubstrateMessageLane>::SourceChain,
+					<$pipeline as $crate::messages::SubstrateMessageLane>::LaneId
 				>,
 				messages_count: u32,
 				dispatch_weight: bp_messages::Weight,
@@ -470,7 +483,7 @@ pub trait ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofCallBuilder<P: SubstrateMessageLane> {
 	/// Given messages delivery proof, build call of `receive_messages_delivery_proof` function of
 	/// bridge messages module at the source chain.
 	fn build_receive_messages_delivery_proof_call(
-		proof: SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<P::TargetChain>,
+		proof: SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<P::TargetChain, P::LaneId>,
 		trace_call: bool,
 	) -> CallOf<P::SourceChain>;
 }
@@ -485,13 +498,13 @@ impl<P, R, I> ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofCallBuilder<P>
 	for DirectReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofCallBuilder<P, R, I>
 where
 	P: SubstrateMessageLane,
-	R: BridgeMessagesConfig<I>,
+	R: BridgeMessagesConfig<I, LaneId = P::LaneId>,
 	I: 'static,
 	R::BridgedChain: bp_runtime::Chain<Hash = HashOf<P::TargetChain>>,
 	CallOf<P::SourceChain>: From<BridgeMessagesCall<R, I>> + GetDispatchInfo,
 {
 	fn build_receive_messages_delivery_proof_call(
-		proof: SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<P::TargetChain>,
+		proof: SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<P::TargetChain, P::LaneId>,
 		trace_call: bool,
 	) -> CallOf<P::SourceChain> {
 		let call: CallOf<P::SourceChain> =
@@ -533,7 +546,8 @@ macro_rules! generate_receive_message_delivery_proof_call_builder {
 		{
 			fn build_receive_messages_delivery_proof_call(
 				proof: $crate::messages::target::SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<
-					<$pipeline as $crate::messages::SubstrateMessageLane>::TargetChain
+					<$pipeline as $crate::messages::SubstrateMessageLane>::TargetChain,
+					<$pipeline as $crate::messages::SubstrateMessageLane>::LaneId
 				>,
 				_trace_call: bool,
 			) -> relay_substrate_client::CallOf<
@@ -644,7 +658,7 @@ where
 				FromBridgedChainMessagesProof {
 					bridged_header_hash: Default::default(),
 					storage_proof: Default::default(),
-					lane: LaneId::new(1, 2),
+					lane: P::LaneId::default(),
 					nonces_start: 1,
 					nonces_end: messages as u64,
 				},
@@ -674,7 +688,7 @@ where
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 	use bp_messages::{
-		source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof, UnrewardedRelayersState,
+		source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof, LaneIdType, UnrewardedRelayersState,
 	};
 	use relay_substrate_client::calls::{UtilityCall as MockUtilityCall, UtilityCall};
 
@@ -687,8 +701,8 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 	pub type CodegenBridgeMessagesCall = bp_messages::BridgeMessagesCall<
 		u64,
-		Box<FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<mock::BridgedHeaderHash>>,
-		FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<mock::BridgedHeaderHash>,
+		Box<FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<mock::BridgedHeaderHash, mock::TestLaneIdType>>,
+		FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<mock::BridgedHeaderHash, mock::TestLaneIdType>,
 	>;
 
 	impl From<MockUtilityCall<RuntimeCall>> for RuntimeCall {
@@ -706,7 +720,7 @@ mod tests {
 		let receive_messages_proof = FromBridgedChainMessagesProof {
 			bridged_header_hash: Default::default(),
 			storage_proof: Default::default(),
-			lane: LaneId::new(1, 2),
+			lane: mock::TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
 			nonces_start: 0,
 			nonces_end: 0,
 		};
@@ -761,7 +775,7 @@ mod tests {
 		let receive_messages_delivery_proof = FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof {
 			bridged_header_hash: Default::default(),
 			storage_proof: Default::default(),
-			lane: LaneId::new(1, 2),
+			lane: mock::TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
 		};
 		let relayers_state = UnrewardedRelayersState {
 			unrewarded_relayer_entries: 0,
@@ -808,7 +822,7 @@ mod tests {
 	// mock runtime with `pallet_bridge_messages`
 	mod mock {
 		use super::super::*;
-		use bp_messages::target_chain::ForbidInboundMessages;
+		use bp_messages::{target_chain::ForbidInboundMessages, HashedLaneId};
 		use bp_runtime::ChainId;
 		use frame_support::derive_impl;
 		use sp_core::H256;
@@ -819,6 +833,9 @@ mod tests {
 		type Block = frame_system::mocking::MockBlock<TestRuntime>;
 		pub type SignedBlock = generic::SignedBlock<Block>;
 
+		/// Lane identifier type used for tests.
+		pub type TestLaneIdType = HashedLaneId;
+
 		frame_support::construct_runtime! {
 			pub enum TestRuntime
 			{
@@ -840,10 +857,11 @@ mod tests {
 			type BridgedHeaderChain = BridgedHeaderChain;
 			type OutboundPayload = Vec<u8>;
 			type InboundPayload = Vec<u8>;
+			type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 			type DeliveryPayments = ();
 			type DeliveryConfirmationPayments = ();
 			type OnMessagesDelivered = ();
-			type MessageDispatch = ForbidInboundMessages<Vec<u8>>;
+			type MessageDispatch = ForbidInboundMessages<Vec<u8>, Self::LaneId>;
 		}
 
 		pub struct ThisUnderlyingChain;
@@ -1005,6 +1023,7 @@ mod tests {
 		impl SubstrateMessageLane for ThisChainToBridgedChainMessageLane {
 			type SourceChain = ThisChain;
 			type TargetChain = BridgedChain;
+			type LaneId = mock::TestLaneIdType;
 			type ReceiveMessagesProofCallBuilder =
 				ThisChainToBridgedChainMessageLaneReceiveMessagesProofCallBuilder;
 			type ReceiveMessagesDeliveryProofCallBuilder =
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/source.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/source.rs
index 2c49df3452abbaa60f40c313b0860729570216fb..3e60ed7abd097c602586842e82f56bc10d82dd6c 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/source.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/source.rs
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ use async_trait::async_trait;
 use bp_messages::{
 	storage_keys::{operating_mode_key, outbound_lane_data_key},
 	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof,
-	ChainWithMessages as _, InboundMessageDetails, LaneId, MessageNonce, MessagePayload,
-	MessagesOperatingMode, OutboundLaneData, OutboundMessageDetails,
+	ChainWithMessages as _, InboundMessageDetails, MessageNonce, MessagePayload,
+	MessagesOperatingMode, OutboundMessageDetails,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{BasicOperatingMode, HeaderIdProvider, RangeInclusiveExt};
-use codec::Encode;
+use codec::{Decode, Encode};
 use frame_support::weights::Weight;
 use messages_relay::{
 	message_lane::{MessageLane, SourceHeaderIdOf, TargetHeaderIdOf},
@@ -60,14 +60,26 @@ use std::ops::RangeInclusive;
 /// Intermediate message proof returned by the source Substrate node. Includes everything
 /// required to submit to the target node: cumulative dispatch weight of bundled messages and
 /// the proof itself.
-pub type SubstrateMessagesProof<C> = (Weight, FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<C>>);
+pub type SubstrateMessagesProof<C, L> = (Weight, FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<C>, L>);
 type MessagesToRefine<'a> = Vec<(MessagePayload, &'a mut OutboundMessageDetails)>;
 
+/// Outbound lane data - for backwards compatibility with `bp_messages::OutboundLaneData` which has
+/// additional `lane_state` attribute.
+///
+/// TODO: remove - https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/5923
+#[derive(Decode)]
+struct LegacyOutboundLaneData {
+	#[allow(unused)]
+	oldest_unpruned_nonce: MessageNonce,
+	latest_received_nonce: MessageNonce,
+	latest_generated_nonce: MessageNonce,
+}
+
 /// Substrate client as Substrate messages source.
 pub struct SubstrateMessagesSource<P: SubstrateMessageLane, SourceClnt, TargetClnt> {
 	source_client: SourceClnt,
 	target_client: TargetClnt,
-	lane_id: LaneId,
+	lane_id: P::LaneId,
 	transaction_params: TransactionParams<AccountKeyPairOf<P::SourceChain>>,
 	target_to_source_headers_relay: Option<Arc<dyn OnDemandRelay<P::TargetChain, P::SourceChain>>>,
 }
@@ -79,7 +91,7 @@ impl<P: SubstrateMessageLane, SourceClnt: Client<P::SourceChain>, TargetClnt>
 	pub fn new(
 		source_client: SourceClnt,
 		target_client: TargetClnt,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: P::LaneId,
 		transaction_params: TransactionParams<AccountKeyPairOf<P::SourceChain>>,
 		target_to_source_headers_relay: Option<
 			Arc<dyn OnDemandRelay<P::TargetChain, P::SourceChain>>,
@@ -98,7 +110,7 @@ impl<P: SubstrateMessageLane, SourceClnt: Client<P::SourceChain>, TargetClnt>
 	async fn outbound_lane_data(
 		&self,
 		id: SourceHeaderIdOf<MessageLaneAdapter<P>>,
-	) -> Result<Option<OutboundLaneData>, SubstrateError> {
+	) -> Result<Option<LegacyOutboundLaneData>, SubstrateError> {
 		self.source_client
 			.storage_value(
 				id.hash(),
@@ -256,8 +268,11 @@ where
 		}
 
 		let best_target_header_hash = self.target_client.best_header_hash().await?;
-		for mut msgs_to_refine_batch in
-			split_msgs_to_refine::<P::SourceChain, P::TargetChain>(self.lane_id, msgs_to_refine)?
+		for mut msgs_to_refine_batch in split_msgs_to_refine::<
+			P::SourceChain,
+			P::TargetChain,
+			P::LaneId,
+		>(self.lane_id, msgs_to_refine)?
 		{
 			let in_msgs_details = self
 				.target_client
@@ -542,7 +557,7 @@ fn validate_out_msgs_details<C: Chain>(
 	Ok(())
 }
 
-fn split_msgs_to_refine<Source: Chain + ChainWithMessages, Target: Chain>(
+fn split_msgs_to_refine<Source: Chain + ChainWithMessages, Target: Chain, LaneId: Encode + Copy>(
 	lane_id: LaneId,
 	msgs_to_refine: MessagesToRefine,
 ) -> Result<Vec<MessagesToRefine>, SubstrateError> {
@@ -578,8 +593,12 @@ fn split_msgs_to_refine<Source: Chain + ChainWithMessages, Target: Chain>(
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
+	use bp_messages::{HashedLaneId, LaneIdType};
 	use relay_substrate_client::test_chain::TestChain;
 
+	/// Lane identifier type used for tests.
+	type TestLaneIdType = HashedLaneId;
+
 	fn message_details_from_rpc(
 		nonces: RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>,
 	) -> Vec<OutboundMessageDetails> {
@@ -660,8 +679,10 @@ mod tests {
 			msgs_to_refine.push((payload, out_msg_details));
 		}
 
-		let maybe_batches =
-			split_msgs_to_refine::<TestChain, TestChain>(LaneId::new(1, 2), msgs_to_refine);
+		let maybe_batches = split_msgs_to_refine::<TestChain, TestChain, TestLaneIdType>(
+			TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
+			msgs_to_refine,
+		);
 		match expected_batches {
 			Ok(expected_batches) => {
 				let batches = maybe_batches.unwrap();
@@ -734,4 +755,38 @@ mod tests {
 			Ok(vec![2, 4, 3]),
 		);
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn outbound_lane_data_wrapper_is_compatible() {
+		let bytes_without_state =
+			vec![1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+		let bytes_with_state = {
+			// add state byte `bp_messages::LaneState::Opened`
+			let mut b = bytes_without_state.clone();
+			b.push(0);
+			b
+		};
+
+		let full = bp_messages::OutboundLaneData {
+			oldest_unpruned_nonce: 1,
+			latest_received_nonce: 2,
+			latest_generated_nonce: 3,
+			state: bp_messages::LaneState::Opened,
+		};
+		assert_eq!(full.encode(), bytes_with_state);
+		assert_ne!(full.encode(), bytes_without_state);
+
+		// decode from `bytes_with_state`
+		let decoded: LegacyOutboundLaneData = Decode::decode(&mut &bytes_with_state[..]).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(full.oldest_unpruned_nonce, decoded.oldest_unpruned_nonce);
+		assert_eq!(full.latest_received_nonce, decoded.latest_received_nonce);
+		assert_eq!(full.latest_generated_nonce, decoded.latest_generated_nonce);
+
+		// decode from `bytes_without_state`
+		let decoded: LegacyOutboundLaneData =
+			Decode::decode(&mut &bytes_without_state[..]).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(full.oldest_unpruned_nonce, decoded.oldest_unpruned_nonce);
+		assert_eq!(full.latest_received_nonce, decoded.latest_received_nonce);
+		assert_eq!(full.latest_generated_nonce, decoded.latest_generated_nonce);
+	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/target.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/target.rs
index a6bf169cffb67ae149d9d4c8c5a2348dc18f5b39..214819a1c426aa87ccafdce6b39f905d0d6cfcd7 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/target.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/messages/target.rs
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ use async_std::sync::Arc;
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof, storage_keys::inbound_lane_data_key,
-	ChainWithMessages as _, InboundLaneData, LaneId, MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayersState,
+	ChainWithMessages as _, LaneState, MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayer, UnrewardedRelayersState,
 };
+use codec::Decode;
 use messages_relay::{
 	message_lane::{MessageLane, SourceHeaderIdOf, TargetHeaderIdOf},
 	message_lane_loop::{NoncesSubmitArtifacts, TargetClient, TargetClientState},
@@ -48,17 +49,57 @@ use relay_substrate_client::{
 };
 use relay_utils::relay_loop::Client as RelayClient;
 use sp_core::Pair;
-use std::{convert::TryFrom, ops::RangeInclusive};
+use std::{collections::VecDeque, convert::TryFrom, ops::RangeInclusive};
 
 /// Message receiving proof returned by the target Substrate node.
-pub type SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<C> =
-	(UnrewardedRelayersState, FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<C>>);
+pub type SubstrateMessagesDeliveryProof<C, L> =
+	(UnrewardedRelayersState, FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<C>, L>);
+
+/// Inbound lane data - for backwards compatibility with `bp_messages::InboundLaneData` which has
+/// additional `lane_state` attribute.
+///
+/// TODO: remove - https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/5923
+#[derive(Decode)]
+struct LegacyInboundLaneData<RelayerId> {
+	relayers: VecDeque<UnrewardedRelayer<RelayerId>>,
+	last_confirmed_nonce: MessageNonce,
+}
+impl<RelayerId> Default for LegacyInboundLaneData<RelayerId> {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		let full = bp_messages::InboundLaneData::default();
+		Self { relayers: full.relayers, last_confirmed_nonce: full.last_confirmed_nonce }
+	}
+}
+
+impl<RelayerId> LegacyInboundLaneData<RelayerId> {
+	pub fn last_delivered_nonce(self) -> MessageNonce {
+		bp_messages::InboundLaneData {
+			relayers: self.relayers,
+			last_confirmed_nonce: self.last_confirmed_nonce,
+			// we don't care about the state here
+			state: LaneState::Opened,
+		}
+		.last_delivered_nonce()
+	}
+}
+
+impl<RelayerId> From<LegacyInboundLaneData<RelayerId>> for UnrewardedRelayersState {
+	fn from(value: LegacyInboundLaneData<RelayerId>) -> Self {
+		(&bp_messages::InboundLaneData {
+			relayers: value.relayers,
+			last_confirmed_nonce: value.last_confirmed_nonce,
+			// we don't care about the state here
+			state: LaneState::Opened,
+		})
+			.into()
+	}
+}
 
 /// Substrate client as Substrate messages target.
 pub struct SubstrateMessagesTarget<P: SubstrateMessageLane, SourceClnt, TargetClnt> {
 	target_client: TargetClnt,
 	source_client: SourceClnt,
-	lane_id: LaneId,
+	lane_id: P::LaneId,
 	relayer_id_at_source: AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>,
 	transaction_params: Option<TransactionParams<AccountKeyPairOf<P::TargetChain>>>,
 	source_to_target_headers_relay: Option<Arc<dyn OnDemandRelay<P::SourceChain, P::TargetChain>>>,
@@ -73,7 +114,7 @@ where
 	pub fn new(
 		target_client: TargetClnt,
 		source_client: SourceClnt,
-		lane_id: LaneId,
+		lane_id: P::LaneId,
 		relayer_id_at_source: AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>,
 		transaction_params: Option<TransactionParams<AccountKeyPairOf<P::TargetChain>>>,
 		source_to_target_headers_relay: Option<
@@ -94,7 +135,7 @@ where
 	async fn inbound_lane_data(
 		&self,
 		id: TargetHeaderIdOf<MessageLaneAdapter<P>>,
-	) -> Result<Option<InboundLaneData<AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>>>, SubstrateError> {
+	) -> Result<Option<LegacyInboundLaneData<AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>>>, SubstrateError> {
 		self.target_client
 			.storage_value(
 				id.hash(),
@@ -217,8 +258,8 @@ where
 	) -> Result<(TargetHeaderIdOf<MessageLaneAdapter<P>>, UnrewardedRelayersState), SubstrateError>
 	{
 		let inbound_lane_data =
-			self.inbound_lane_data(id).await?.unwrap_or(InboundLaneData::default());
-		Ok((id, (&inbound_lane_data).into()))
+			self.inbound_lane_data(id).await?.unwrap_or(LegacyInboundLaneData::default());
+		Ok((id, inbound_lane_data.into()))
 	}
 
 	async fn prove_messages_receiving(
@@ -308,7 +349,7 @@ where
 fn make_messages_delivery_call<P: SubstrateMessageLane>(
 	relayer_id_at_source: AccountIdOf<P::SourceChain>,
 	nonces: RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>,
-	proof: SubstrateMessagesProof<P::SourceChain>,
+	proof: SubstrateMessagesProof<P::SourceChain, P::LaneId>,
 	trace_call: bool,
 ) -> CallOf<P::TargetChain> {
 	let messages_count = nonces.end() - nonces.start() + 1;
@@ -321,3 +362,49 @@ fn make_messages_delivery_call<P: SubstrateMessageLane>(
 		trace_call,
 	)
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use bp_messages::{DeliveredMessages, UnrewardedRelayer};
+	use codec::Encode;
+
+	#[test]
+	fn inbound_lane_data_wrapper_is_compatible() {
+		let bytes_without_state =
+			vec![4, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+		let bytes_with_state = {
+			// add state byte `bp_messages::LaneState::Opened`
+			let mut b = bytes_without_state.clone();
+			b.push(0);
+			b
+		};
+
+		let full = bp_messages::InboundLaneData::<u8> {
+			relayers: vec![UnrewardedRelayer {
+				relayer: Default::default(),
+				messages: DeliveredMessages { begin: 2, end: 5 },
+			}]
+			.into_iter()
+			.collect(),
+			last_confirmed_nonce: 6,
+			state: bp_messages::LaneState::Opened,
+		};
+		assert_eq!(full.encode(), bytes_with_state);
+		assert_ne!(full.encode(), bytes_without_state);
+
+		// decode from `bytes_with_state`
+		let decoded: LegacyInboundLaneData<u8> =
+			Decode::decode(&mut &bytes_with_state[..]).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(full.relayers, decoded.relayers);
+		assert_eq!(full.last_confirmed_nonce, decoded.last_confirmed_nonce);
+		assert_eq!(full.last_delivered_nonce(), decoded.last_delivered_nonce());
+
+		// decode from `bytes_without_state`
+		let decoded: LegacyInboundLaneData<u8> =
+			Decode::decode(&mut &bytes_without_state[..]).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(full.relayers, decoded.relayers);
+		assert_eq!(full.last_confirmed_nonce, decoded.last_confirmed_nonce);
+		assert_eq!(full.last_delivered_nonce(), decoded.last_delivered_nonce());
+	}
+}
diff --git a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/on_demand/parachains.rs b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/on_demand/parachains.rs
index 2ef86f48ecbeb6a3c5e6084f16ab9e50352fed4f..96eba0af988c11c1dd48b708ae4dc1d43882c3f5 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/on_demand/parachains.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/lib-substrate-relay/src/on_demand/parachains.rs
@@ -664,7 +664,8 @@ impl<'a, P: SubstrateParachainsPipeline, SourceRelayClnt, TargetClnt>
 	for (
 		&'a OnDemandParachainsRelay<P, SourceRelayClnt, TargetClnt>,
 		&'a ParachainsSource<P, SourceRelayClnt>,
-	) where
+	)
+where
 	SourceRelayClnt: Client<P::SourceRelayChain>,
 	TargetClnt: Client<P::TargetChain>,
 {
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/Cargo.toml b/bridges/relays/messages/Cargo.toml
index c7a132bb3bae7ebc34728de8c94c41fb39c89751..f9df73507c753564fb85a88ba7382b00b4a98e57 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/Cargo.toml
@@ -26,3 +26,6 @@ finality-relay = { workspace = true }
 relay-utils = { workspace = true }
 
 sp-arithmetic = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+sp-core = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/src/lib.rs b/bridges/relays/messages/src/lib.rs
index 78a3237ba4fe03851412b86e08867fcba07e8451..f5e09f4d4684fbea2aea838abb0dbb1c57d4327e 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/src/lib.rs
@@ -38,3 +38,4 @@ mod message_race_strategy;
 
 pub use message_race_delivery::relay_messages_range;
 pub use message_race_receiving::relay_messages_delivery_confirmation;
+pub use metrics::Labeled;
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_lane.rs b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_lane.rs
index 5c9728ad93abd5aa1ea9b2fc77b2a6f9968539f6..84c1e57ba4eb8ef5ec5bff12a9a338c7ab4f2cbe 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_lane.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_lane.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 //! 1) relay new messages from source to target node;
 //! 2) relay proof-of-delivery from target to source node.
 
+use crate::metrics::Labeled;
 use num_traits::{SaturatingAdd, Zero};
 use relay_utils::{BlockNumberBase, HeaderId};
 use sp_arithmetic::traits::AtLeast32BitUnsigned;
@@ -31,6 +32,9 @@ pub trait MessageLane: 'static + Clone + Send + Sync {
 	/// Name of the messages target.
 	const TARGET_NAME: &'static str;
 
+	/// Lane identifier type.
+	type LaneId: Clone + Send + Sync + Labeled;
+
 	/// Messages proof.
 	type MessagesProof: Clone + Debug + Send + Sync;
 	/// Messages receiving proof.
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_lane_loop.rs b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_lane_loop.rs
index 995499092c3ee2f51fdac54340767e39d8d218d9..36de637f04c437450e9054dd5088c3da5eb329cd 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_lane_loop.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_lane_loop.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use std::{collections::BTreeMap, fmt::Debug, future::Future, ops::RangeInclusive
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use futures::{channel::mpsc::unbounded, future::FutureExt, stream::StreamExt};
 
-use bp_messages::{LaneId, MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayersState, Weight};
+use bp_messages::{MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayersState, Weight};
 use relay_utils::{
 	interval, metrics::MetricsParams, process_future_result, relay_loop::Client as RelayClient,
 	retry_backoff, FailedClient, TransactionTracker,
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ use crate::{
 	message_lane::{MessageLane, SourceHeaderIdOf, TargetHeaderIdOf},
 	message_race_delivery::run as run_message_delivery_race,
 	message_race_receiving::run as run_message_receiving_race,
-	metrics::MessageLaneLoopMetrics,
+	metrics::{Labeled, MessageLaneLoopMetrics},
 };
 
 /// Message lane loop configuration params.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct Params {
+pub struct Params<LaneId> {
 	/// Id of lane this loop is servicing.
 	pub lane: LaneId,
 	/// Interval at which we ask target node about its updates.
@@ -275,13 +275,13 @@ pub struct ClientsState<P: MessageLane> {
 
 /// Return prefix that will be used by default to expose Prometheus metrics of the finality proofs
 /// sync loop.
-pub fn metrics_prefix<P: MessageLane>(lane: &LaneId) -> String {
-	format!("{}_to_{}_MessageLane_{:?}", P::SOURCE_NAME, P::TARGET_NAME, lane)
+pub fn metrics_prefix<P: MessageLane>(lane: &P::LaneId) -> String {
+	format!("{}_to_{}_MessageLane_{}", P::SOURCE_NAME, P::TARGET_NAME, lane.label())
 }
 
 /// Run message lane service loop.
 pub async fn run<P: MessageLane>(
-	params: Params,
+	params: Params<P::LaneId>,
 	source_client: impl SourceClient<P>,
 	target_client: impl TargetClient<P>,
 	metrics_params: MetricsParams,
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ pub async fn run<P: MessageLane>(
 /// Run one-way message delivery loop until connection with target or source node is lost, or exit
 /// signal is received.
 async fn run_until_connection_lost<P: MessageLane, SC: SourceClient<P>, TC: TargetClient<P>>(
-	params: Params,
+	params: Params<P::LaneId>,
 	source_client: SC,
 	target_client: TC,
 	metrics_msg: Option<MessageLaneLoopMetrics>,
@@ -471,9 +471,9 @@ async fn run_until_connection_lost<P: MessageLane, SC: SourceClient<P>, TC: Targ
 pub(crate) mod tests {
 	use std::sync::Arc;
 
+	use bp_messages::{HashedLaneId, LaneIdType, LegacyLaneId};
 	use futures::stream::StreamExt;
 	use parking_lot::Mutex;
-
 	use relay_utils::{HeaderId, MaybeConnectionError, TrackedTransactionStatus};
 
 	use super::*;
@@ -504,6 +504,9 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 		}
 	}
 
+	/// Lane identifier type used for tests.
+	pub type TestLaneIdType = HashedLaneId;
+
 	#[derive(Clone)]
 	pub struct TestMessageLane;
 
@@ -520,6 +523,8 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 
 		type TargetHeaderNumber = TestTargetHeaderNumber;
 		type TargetHeaderHash = TestTargetHeaderHash;
+
+		type LaneId = TestLaneIdType;
 	}
 
 	#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -957,7 +962,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			};
 			let _ = run(
 				Params {
-					lane: LaneId::new(1, 2),
+					lane: TestLaneIdType::try_new(1, 2).unwrap(),
 					source_tick: Duration::from_millis(100),
 					target_tick: Duration::from_millis(100),
 					reconnect_delay: Duration::from_millis(0),
@@ -1278,7 +1283,31 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 	#[test]
 	fn metrics_prefix_is_valid() {
 		assert!(MessageLaneLoopMetrics::new(Some(&metrics_prefix::<TestMessageLane>(
-			&LaneId::new(1, 2)
+			&HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap()
+		)))
+		.is_ok());
+
+		// with LegacyLaneId
+		#[derive(Clone)]
+		pub struct LegacyTestMessageLane;
+		impl MessageLane for LegacyTestMessageLane {
+			const SOURCE_NAME: &'static str = "LegacyTestSource";
+			const TARGET_NAME: &'static str = "LegacyTestTarget";
+
+			type MessagesProof = TestMessagesProof;
+			type MessagesReceivingProof = TestMessagesReceivingProof;
+
+			type SourceChainBalance = TestSourceChainBalance;
+			type SourceHeaderNumber = TestSourceHeaderNumber;
+			type SourceHeaderHash = TestSourceHeaderHash;
+
+			type TargetHeaderNumber = TestTargetHeaderNumber;
+			type TargetHeaderHash = TestTargetHeaderHash;
+
+			type LaneId = LegacyLaneId;
+		}
+		assert!(MessageLaneLoopMetrics::new(Some(&metrics_prefix::<LegacyTestMessageLane>(
+			&LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1])
 		)))
 		.is_ok());
 	}
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_delivery.rs b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_delivery.rs
index cbb89baabcc5ab38f164189066e225ad1e8f9240..b09533a4ddc1ddd0a06d6572124843a49f476164 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_delivery.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_delivery.rs
@@ -59,9 +59,7 @@ pub async fn run<P: MessageLane>(
 			_phantom: Default::default(),
 		},
 		target_state_updates,
-		MessageDeliveryStrategy::<P, _, _> {
-			lane_source_client: source_client,
-			lane_target_client: target_client,
+		MessageDeliveryStrategy::<P> {
 			max_unrewarded_relayer_entries_at_target: params
 				.max_unrewarded_relayer_entries_at_target,
 			max_unconfirmed_nonces_at_target: params.max_unconfirmed_nonces_at_target,
@@ -71,7 +69,6 @@ pub async fn run<P: MessageLane>(
 			latest_confirmed_nonces_at_source: VecDeque::new(),
 			target_nonces: None,
 			strategy: BasicStrategy::new(),
-			metrics_msg,
 		},
 	)
 	.await
@@ -300,11 +297,7 @@ struct DeliveryRaceTargetNoncesData {
 }
 
 /// Messages delivery strategy.
-struct MessageDeliveryStrategy<P: MessageLane, SC, TC> {
-	/// The client that is connected to the message lane source node.
-	lane_source_client: SC,
-	/// The client that is connected to the message lane target node.
-	lane_target_client: TC,
+struct MessageDeliveryStrategy<P: MessageLane> {
 	/// Maximal unrewarded relayer entries at target client.
 	max_unrewarded_relayer_entries_at_target: MessageNonce,
 	/// Maximal unconfirmed nonces at target client.
@@ -322,8 +315,6 @@ struct MessageDeliveryStrategy<P: MessageLane, SC, TC> {
 	target_nonces: Option<TargetClientNonces<DeliveryRaceTargetNoncesData>>,
 	/// Basic delivery strategy.
 	strategy: MessageDeliveryStrategyBase<P>,
-	/// Message lane metrics.
-	metrics_msg: Option<MessageLaneLoopMetrics>,
 }
 
 type MessageDeliveryStrategyBase<P> = BasicStrategy<
@@ -335,7 +326,7 @@ type MessageDeliveryStrategyBase<P> = BasicStrategy<
 	<P as MessageLane>::MessagesProof,
 >;
 
-impl<P: MessageLane, SC, TC> std::fmt::Debug for MessageDeliveryStrategy<P, SC, TC> {
+impl<P: MessageLane> std::fmt::Debug for MessageDeliveryStrategy<P> {
 	fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
 		fmt.debug_struct("MessageDeliveryStrategy")
 			.field(
@@ -353,11 +344,9 @@ impl<P: MessageLane, SC, TC> std::fmt::Debug for MessageDeliveryStrategy<P, SC,
 	}
 }
 
-impl<P: MessageLane, SC, TC> MessageDeliveryStrategy<P, SC, TC>
+impl<P: MessageLane> MessageDeliveryStrategy<P>
 where
 	P: MessageLane,
-	SC: MessageLaneSourceClient<P>,
-	TC: MessageLaneTargetClient<P>,
 {
 	/// Returns true if some race action can be selected (with `select_race_action`) at given
 	/// `best_finalized_source_header_id_at_best_target` source header at target.
@@ -465,23 +454,18 @@ where
 		let max_nonces = std::cmp::min(max_nonces, self.max_messages_in_single_batch);
 		let max_messages_weight_in_single_batch = self.max_messages_weight_in_single_batch;
 		let max_messages_size_in_single_batch = self.max_messages_size_in_single_batch;
-		let lane_source_client = self.lane_source_client.clone();
-		let lane_target_client = self.lane_target_client.clone();
 
 		// select nonces from nonces, available for delivery
 		let selected_nonces = match self.strategy.available_source_queue_indices(race_state) {
 			Some(available_source_queue_indices) => {
 				let source_queue = self.strategy.source_queue();
-				let reference = RelayMessagesBatchReference {
+				let reference = RelayMessagesBatchReference::<P> {
 					max_messages_in_this_batch: max_nonces,
 					max_messages_weight_in_single_batch,
 					max_messages_size_in_single_batch,
-					lane_source_client: lane_source_client.clone(),
-					lane_target_client: lane_target_client.clone(),
 					best_target_nonce,
 					nonces_queue: source_queue.clone(),
 					nonces_queue_range: available_source_queue_indices,
-					metrics: self.metrics_msg.clone(),
 				};
 
 				MessageRaceLimits::decide(reference).await
@@ -534,12 +518,10 @@ where
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl<P, SC, TC> RaceStrategy<SourceHeaderIdOf<P>, TargetHeaderIdOf<P>, P::MessagesProof>
-	for MessageDeliveryStrategy<P, SC, TC>
+impl<P> RaceStrategy<SourceHeaderIdOf<P>, TargetHeaderIdOf<P>, P::MessagesProof>
+	for MessageDeliveryStrategy<P>
 where
 	P: MessageLane,
-	SC: MessageLaneSourceClient<P>,
-	TC: MessageLaneTargetClient<P>,
 {
 	type SourceNoncesRange = MessageDetailsMap<P::SourceChainBalance>;
 	type ProofParameters = MessageProofParameters;
@@ -707,8 +689,7 @@ mod tests {
 		message_lane_loop::{
 			tests::{
 				header_id, TestMessageLane, TestMessagesBatchTransaction, TestMessagesProof,
-				TestSourceChainBalance, TestSourceClient, TestSourceHeaderId, TestTargetClient,
-				TestTargetHeaderId,
+				TestSourceChainBalance, TestSourceHeaderId, TestTargetHeaderId,
 			},
 			MessageDetails,
 		},
@@ -726,8 +707,7 @@ mod tests {
 		TestMessagesProof,
 		TestMessagesBatchTransaction,
 	>;
-	type TestStrategy =
-		MessageDeliveryStrategy<TestMessageLane, TestSourceClient, TestTargetClient>;
+	type TestStrategy = MessageDeliveryStrategy<TestMessageLane>;
 
 	fn source_nonces(
 		new_nonces: RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>,
@@ -770,9 +750,6 @@ mod tests {
 			max_messages_weight_in_single_batch: Weight::from_parts(4, 0),
 			max_messages_size_in_single_batch: 4,
 			latest_confirmed_nonces_at_source: vec![(header_id(1), 19)].into_iter().collect(),
-			lane_source_client: TestSourceClient::default(),
-			lane_target_client: TestTargetClient::default(),
-			metrics_msg: None,
 			target_nonces: Some(TargetClientNonces {
 				latest_nonce: 19,
 				nonces_data: DeliveryRaceTargetNoncesData {
@@ -1167,9 +1144,6 @@ mod tests {
 			max_messages_weight_in_single_batch: Weight::from_parts(4, 0),
 			max_messages_size_in_single_batch: 4,
 			latest_confirmed_nonces_at_source: VecDeque::new(),
-			lane_source_client: TestSourceClient::default(),
-			lane_target_client: TestTargetClient::default(),
-			metrics_msg: None,
 			target_nonces: None,
 			strategy: BasicStrategy::new(),
 		};
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_limits.rs b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_limits.rs
index 873bb6aad04253b833c51cea89f2124167e077d1..8fcd1f911f68267545a8173fd41e76c4876f770b 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_limits.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_limits.rs
@@ -23,33 +23,16 @@ use bp_messages::{MessageNonce, Weight};
 
 use crate::{
 	message_lane::MessageLane,
-	message_lane_loop::{
-		MessageDetails, MessageDetailsMap, SourceClient as MessageLaneSourceClient,
-		TargetClient as MessageLaneTargetClient,
-	},
+	message_lane_loop::{MessageDetails, MessageDetailsMap},
 	message_race_loop::NoncesRange,
 	message_race_strategy::SourceRangesQueue,
-	metrics::MessageLaneLoopMetrics,
 };
 
 /// Reference data for participating in relay
-pub struct RelayReference<
-	P: MessageLane,
-	SourceClient: MessageLaneSourceClient<P>,
-	TargetClient: MessageLaneTargetClient<P>,
-> {
-	/// The client that is connected to the message lane source node.
-	pub lane_source_client: SourceClient,
-	/// The client that is connected to the message lane target node.
-	pub lane_target_client: TargetClient,
-	/// Metrics reference.
-	pub metrics: Option<MessageLaneLoopMetrics>,
+pub struct RelayReference<P: MessageLane> {
 	/// Messages size summary
 	pub selected_size: u32,
 
-	/// Hard check begin nonce
-	pub hard_selected_begin_nonce: MessageNonce,
-
 	/// Index by all ready nonces
 	pub index: usize,
 	/// Current nonce
@@ -59,23 +42,13 @@ pub struct RelayReference<
 }
 
 /// Relay reference data
-pub struct RelayMessagesBatchReference<
-	P: MessageLane,
-	SourceClient: MessageLaneSourceClient<P>,
-	TargetClient: MessageLaneTargetClient<P>,
-> {
+pub struct RelayMessagesBatchReference<P: MessageLane> {
 	/// Maximal number of relayed messages in single delivery transaction.
 	pub max_messages_in_this_batch: MessageNonce,
 	/// Maximal cumulative dispatch weight of relayed messages in single delivery transaction.
 	pub max_messages_weight_in_single_batch: Weight,
 	/// Maximal cumulative size of relayed messages in single delivery transaction.
 	pub max_messages_size_in_single_batch: u32,
-	/// The client that is connected to the message lane source node.
-	pub lane_source_client: SourceClient,
-	/// The client that is connected to the message lane target node.
-	pub lane_target_client: TargetClient,
-	/// Metrics reference.
-	pub metrics: Option<MessageLaneLoopMetrics>,
 	/// Best available nonce at the **best** target block. We do not want to deliver nonces
 	/// less than this nonce, even though the block may be retracted.
 	pub best_target_nonce: MessageNonce,
@@ -94,12 +67,8 @@ pub struct RelayMessagesBatchReference<
 pub struct MessageRaceLimits;
 
 impl MessageRaceLimits {
-	pub async fn decide<
-		P: MessageLane,
-		SourceClient: MessageLaneSourceClient<P>,
-		TargetClient: MessageLaneTargetClient<P>,
-	>(
-		reference: RelayMessagesBatchReference<P, SourceClient, TargetClient>,
+	pub async fn decide<P: MessageLane>(
+		reference: RelayMessagesBatchReference<P>,
 	) -> Option<RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>> {
 		let mut hard_selected_count = 0;
 
@@ -112,15 +81,9 @@ impl MessageRaceLimits {
 		);
 
 		// relay reference
-		let mut relay_reference = RelayReference {
-			lane_source_client: reference.lane_source_client.clone(),
-			lane_target_client: reference.lane_target_client.clone(),
-			metrics: reference.metrics.clone(),
-
+		let mut relay_reference = RelayReference::<P> {
 			selected_size: 0,
 
-			hard_selected_begin_nonce,
-
 			index: 0,
 			nonce: 0,
 			details: MessageDetails {
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_loop.rs b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_loop.rs
index 31341a9a0c0cd9fce4ba67e14bc43838f4770f3f..ea6a2371dc9037624465f4abfa2d45d1c6b7316a 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_loop.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_loop.rs
@@ -225,15 +225,9 @@ pub trait RaceState<SourceHeaderId, TargetHeaderId>: Clone + Send + Sync {
 	/// client (at the `best_finalized_source_header_id_at_best_target`).
 	fn set_best_finalized_source_header_id_at_best_target(&mut self, id: SourceHeaderId);
 
-	/// Best finalized source header id at the source client.
-	fn best_finalized_source_header_id_at_source(&self) -> Option<SourceHeaderId>;
 	/// Best finalized source header id at the best block on the target
 	/// client (at the `best_finalized_source_header_id_at_best_target`).
 	fn best_finalized_source_header_id_at_best_target(&self) -> Option<SourceHeaderId>;
-	/// The best header id at the target client.
-	fn best_target_header_id(&self) -> Option<TargetHeaderId>;
-	/// Best finalized header id at the target client.
-	fn best_finalized_target_header_id(&self) -> Option<TargetHeaderId>;
 
 	/// Returns `true` if we have selected nonces to submit to the target node.
 	fn nonces_to_submit(&self) -> Option<RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>>;
@@ -296,22 +290,10 @@ where
 		self.best_finalized_source_header_id_at_best_target = Some(id);
 	}
 
-	fn best_finalized_source_header_id_at_source(&self) -> Option<SourceHeaderId> {
-		self.best_finalized_source_header_id_at_source.clone()
-	}
-
 	fn best_finalized_source_header_id_at_best_target(&self) -> Option<SourceHeaderId> {
 		self.best_finalized_source_header_id_at_best_target.clone()
 	}
 
-	fn best_target_header_id(&self) -> Option<TargetHeaderId> {
-		self.best_target_header_id.clone()
-	}
-
-	fn best_finalized_target_header_id(&self) -> Option<TargetHeaderId> {
-		self.best_finalized_target_header_id.clone()
-	}
-
 	fn nonces_to_submit(&self) -> Option<RangeInclusive<MessageNonce>> {
 		self.nonces_to_submit.clone().map(|(_, nonces, _)| nonces)
 	}
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_strategy.rs b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_strategy.rs
index 3a532331d79dc83f680ca7b5e21e471e60335b84..1303fcfedebd7f7ec1b1acc893854ee61b32b9ec 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_strategy.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/src/message_race_strategy.rs
@@ -67,7 +67,8 @@ impl<
 		TargetHeaderHash,
 		SourceNoncesRange,
 		Proof,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	SourceHeaderHash: Clone,
 	SourceHeaderNumber: Clone + Ord,
 	SourceNoncesRange: NoncesRange,
@@ -189,7 +190,8 @@ impl<
 		TargetHeaderHash,
 		SourceNoncesRange,
 		Proof,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	SourceHeaderHash: Clone + Debug + Send + Sync,
 	SourceHeaderNumber: Clone + Ord + Debug + Send + Sync,
 	SourceNoncesRange: NoncesRange + Debug + Send + Sync,
diff --git a/bridges/relays/messages/src/metrics.rs b/bridges/relays/messages/src/metrics.rs
index 69d80d178de809211b1874965adcf02fd76a66b8..2ca10e56d74aa603794f471308ba4dfb489309df 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/messages/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/messages/src/metrics.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use crate::{
 	message_lane_loop::{SourceClientState, TargetClientState},
 };
 
-use bp_messages::MessageNonce;
+use bp_messages::{HashedLaneId, LegacyLaneId, MessageNonce};
 use finality_relay::SyncLoopMetrics;
 use relay_utils::metrics::{
 	metric_name, register, GaugeVec, Metric, Opts, PrometheusError, Registry, U64,
@@ -146,3 +146,32 @@ impl Metric for MessageLaneLoopMetrics {
 		Ok(())
 	}
 }
+
+/// Provides a label for metrics.
+pub trait Labeled {
+	/// Returns a label.
+	fn label(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+/// `Labeled` implementation for `LegacyLaneId`.
+impl Labeled for LegacyLaneId {
+	fn label(&self) -> String {
+		hex::encode(self.0)
+	}
+}
+
+/// `Labeled` implementation for `HashedLaneId`.
+impl Labeled for HashedLaneId {
+	fn label(&self) -> String {
+		format!("{:?}", self.inner())
+	}
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn lane_to_label_works() {
+	assert_eq!(
+		"0x0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101",
+		HashedLaneId::from_inner(sp_core::H256::from([1u8; 32])).label(),
+	);
+	assert_eq!("00000001", LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]).label());
+}
diff --git a/bridges/relays/parachains/src/parachains_loop.rs b/bridges/relays/parachains/src/parachains_loop.rs
index 59ca458e6667cd29a7e133fe9e95bf0e265f33cd..dfe6b230ceda1689434fce3a3fde3b01ff0e24a5 100644
--- a/bridges/relays/parachains/src/parachains_loop.rs
+++ b/bridges/relays/parachains/src/parachains_loop.rs
@@ -177,6 +177,14 @@ pub async fn run<P: ParachainsPipeline>(
 where
 	P::SourceRelayChain: Chain<BlockNumber = RelayBlockNumber>,
 {
+	log::info!(
+		target: "bridge",
+		"Starting {} -> {} finality proof relay: relaying (only_free_headers: {:?}) headers",
+		P::SourceParachain::NAME,
+		P::TargetChain::NAME,
+		only_free_headers,
+	);
+
 	let exit_signal = exit_signal.shared();
 	relay_utils::relay_loop(source_client, target_client)
 		.with_metrics(metrics_params)
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/docs/v2.md b/bridges/snowbridge/docs/v2.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8ec440c47cecb61bb8a6cc61a52f539f04302f71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/docs/v2.md
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+# Snowbridge V2
+
+This design lowers fees, improves UX, improves relayer decentralization and allows "transacting" over the bridge, making
+it a general-purpose bridge rather than just a token bridge.
+
+We're grateful to Adrian Catangiu, Francisco Aguirre, and others from the Parity XCM/Bridges team for their help and
+collaboration on this design.
+
+## Summary
+
+- Unordered messaging
+- All messages routed through AH
+- Off-chain fee estimation
+- P→E Fee Asset: WETH
+- E→P Fee Asset: ETH
+- Relayer rewards for both directions paid out on AH in WETH
+
+## Polkadot→Ethereum
+
+Given source parachain $S$, with native token $S^{'}$ and the initial xcm $x_0$ to be executed on $S$.
+
+### Step 1: User agent constructs initial XCM
+
+The user agent constructs an initial XCM message $x_0$ that will be executed on S.
+
+The fee amounts in this message should be high enough to enable dry-running, after which they will be lowered.
+
+### Step 2: User agent estimates fees
+
+- Given source parachain $S$, with native token $S^{'}$ and the initial xcm $x_0$ to be executed on $S$.
+- The native currency $P^{'}$ (DOT) of the Polkadot relay chain, and $E^{'}$ (ETH) of Ethereum.
+- Suppose that the user agent chooses relayer reward $r$ in $E^{'}$.
+- Suppose that the exchange rates are $K_{P^{'}/S^{'}}$ and $K_{E^{'}/S^{'}}$. The user agent chooses a multiplier to
+  $\beta$ to cover volatility in these rates.
+
+Apply the following sequence operations:
+
+1. Dry-run $x_0$ on $S$ to receive xcm $x_1$ and cost $a$ in $S^{'}$
+2. Dry-run $x_1$ on AH to receive xcm $x_2$ and cost $b$ in $P^{'}$ (DOT)
+3. Dry-run $x_2$ on BH to receive command $m$ and cost $c$ in $P^{'}$ (DOT)
+4. Dry-run $m$ on Ethereum to receive cost $d$ in $E^{'}$ (ETH)
+
+The final cost to the user in $S^{'}$ is given by
+
+$$
+\beta \left(a + \frac{b + c}{K_{P^{'}/S^{'}}} + \frac{d + r}{K_{E^{'}/S^{'}}}\right)
+$$
+
+The user agent should perform a final update to xcm $x_0$, substituting the calculated fee amounts.
+
+### Step 3: User agent initiates bridging operation
+
+The user agent calls `pallet_xcm::execute` with the initial xcm $x_0$
+
+```text
+WithdrawAsset (KLT, 100)
+PayFees (KLT, 20)
+InitiateAssetsTransfer asset=(KLT, 60) remoteFee=(KLT, 20) dest=AH
+  ExchangeAsset give=(KLT, 20) want=(WETH, 1)
+  InitiateAssetsTransfer asset=(KLT, 40) remoteFee=(WETH, 1) dest=Ethereum
+    DepositAsset (KLT, 40) beneficiary=Bob
+```
+
+### Step 4: AH executes message x1
+
+The message $x_1$ is application-specific:
+
+```text
+ReserveAssetDeposited (KLT, 80)
+PayFees (KLT, 20)
+SetAssetClaimer Kilt/Alice
+AliasOrigin Kilt/Alice
+ExchangeAsset give=(KLT, 20) want=(WETH, 1)
+InitiateAssetsTransfer asset=(KLT, 60) remoteFee=(WETH, 1) dest=Ethereum
+  DepositAsset (KLT, 60) beneficiary=Bob
+```
+
+or
+
+```text
+*ReserveAssetDeposited (KLT, 80)
+*PayFees (KLT, 20)
+*SetAssetClaimer Kilt/Alice
+*AliasOrigin Kilt/Alice
+ExchangeAsset give=(KLT, 20) want=(WETH, 1)
+InitiateAssetsTransfer asset=(KLT, 60) remoteFee=(WETH, 1) dest=Ethereum
+  DepositAsset (KLT, 60) beneficiary=Bob
+  Transact Bob.hello()
+```
+
+Note that the `SetAssetClaimer` instruction is placed before `AliasOrigin` in case AH fails to interpret the latter
+instruction.
+
+In all cases, $x_1$ should contain the necessary instructions to:
+
+1. Pay fees for local execution using `PaysFees`
+2. Obtain WETH for remote delivery fees.
+
+The XCM bridge-router on AH will charge a small fee to prevent spamming BH with bridge messages. This is necessary since
+the `ExportMessage` instruction in message $x_2$ will have no execution fee on BH. For a similar reason, we should also
+impose a minimum relayer reward of at least the existential deposit 0.1 DOT, which acts as a deposit to stop spamming
+messages with 0 rewards.
+
+### Step 5: BH executes message x2
+
+Message $x_2$ is parsed by the `SnowbridgeMessageExporter` in block $n$ with the following effects:
+
+- A bridge command $m$ is committed to binary merkle tree $M_n$.
+  - The transferred asset is parsed from `ReserveAssetDeposited` , `WithdrawAsset` or `TeleportedAssetReceived`
+    instructions for the local, destination and teleport asset transfer types respectively.
+  - The original origin is preserved through the `AliasOrigin` instruction. This will allow us to resolve agents for the
+    case of `Transact`.
+  - The message exporter must be able to support multiple assets and reserve types in the same message and potentially
+    multiple `Transacts`.
+  - The Message Exporter must be able to support multiple Deposited Assets.
+  - The Message Exporter must be able to parse `SetAssetClaimer` and allow the provided location to claim the assets on
+    BH in case of errors.
+- Given relayer reward $r$ in WETH, set storage $P(\mathrm{hash}(m)) = r$. This is parsed from the `WithdrawAsset` and
+  `PayFees` instruction within `ExportMessage`.
+
+Note that WETH on AH & BH is a wrapped derivative of the
+[WETH](https://etherscan.io/token/0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2) ERC20 contract on Ethereum, which is
+itself a wrapper over ETH, the native currency of Ethereum. For the purposes of this document you can consider them all
+to be of equivalent value.
+
+```text
+!WithdrawAsset(DOT, 10)
+!PayFees (DOT, 10)
+!ExportMessage dest=Ethereum
+  *ReserveAssetDeposited (KLT, 60)
+  *WithdrawAsset (WETH, 1)
+  *PayFees (WETH, 1)
+  *SetAssetClaimer Kilt/Alice
+  *AliasOrigin Kilt/Alice
+  DepositAsset (KLT, 60) beneficiary=Bob
+```
+
+or
+
+```text
+!WithdrawAsset(DOT, 10)
+!PayFees (DOT, 10)
+!ExportMessage dest=Ethereum
+  *ReserveAssetDeposited (KLT, 80)
+  *PayFees (KLT, 20)
+  *SetAssetClaimer Kilt/Alice
+  *AliasOrigin Kilt/Alice
+  DepositAsset (KLT, 60) beneficiary=Bob
+  Transact Bob.hello()
+```
+
+### Step 6: Relayer relays message to Gateway
+
+1. A relayer _Charlie_ inspects storage $P$ to look for new messages to relay. Suppose it finds $\mathrm{hash}(m)$
+   giving reward $r$.
+2. The relayer queries $m$ from $M$ and constructs the necessary proofs.
+3. The relayer dry-runs m on Ethereum to decide whether the message is profitable to deliver.
+4. The relayer finally delivers the message together with a relayer-controlled address $u$ on AH where the relayer can
+   claim their reward after proof of delivery.
+
+### Step 7: Relayer delivers proof of delivery to BH
+
+The proof of delivery is essentially a merkle proof for the `InboundMessageAccepted` event log.
+
+When BH processes the proof of delivery:
+
+1. The command $m$ is removed from storage items $M$ and $P$.
+2. The relayer reward is tracked in storage $R$, where $R(u)$ is the accumulated rewards that can be claimed by account
+   $u$.
+
+## Ethereum→Polkadot
+
+### Step 1: Submit send on Gateway
+
+The interface that the Gateway will use to initiate transfers will be similar to the interface from
+`transfer_assets_using_type_and_then` extrinsic that we currently use to initiate transfers from the Polkadot to
+Ethereum direction.
+
+1. It must allow multiple assets to be transferred and specify the transfer type: Local, Destination or Teleport asset
+   transfer types. It is the job of the User Agent/UX layer to fill in this information correctly.
+2. It must allow specifying a destination which is `Address32`, `Address20` or a custom scale-encoded XCM payload that
+   is executed on the destination. This is how we will support `Transact` , the User Agent/UX layer can build a
+   scale-encoded payload with an encoded transact call.
+3. The same interface is used for both PNA (Polkadot Assets) and ERC20 tokens. Internally we will still look up whether
+   the token is registered as a PNA or ERC20 for the purpose of minting/locking burning/unlocking logic. The asset
+   transfer type chosen by the UX layer will inform the XCM that is built from the message on BH.
+
+```solidity
+enum Kind {
+    Index,
+    Address32,
+    Address20,
+    XCMPayload,
+}
+
+struct Beneficiary {
+    Kind kind;
+    bytes data;
+}
+
+enum AssetTransferType {
+    ReserveDeposit, ReserveWithdraw, Teleport
+}
+
+struct Token {
+    AssetTransferType type;
+    address token;
+    uint128 amount;
+}
+
+function send(
+  ParaID destinationChain,
+  Beneficiary calldata beneficiary,
+  Token[] tokens,
+  uint128 reward
+) external payable;
+```
+
+Message enqueued $m_0$:
+
+```solidity
+send(
+    3022, // KILT Para Id
+    Address32(0x0000....),
+    [(ReserveWithdraw, KLT, 100)],
+    10, // WETH
+)
+```
+
+```solidity
+send { value: 3 }( // Send 3 Eth for fees and reward
+    3022, // KILT Para Id
+    XCMPayload(
+        DepositAsset (KLT, 100) dest=Bob
+        Transact Bob.hello()
+    ),
+    [(ReserveWithdraw, KLT, 100)],
+    1, // 1 ETH of 3 needs to be for the reward, the rest is for fees
+)
+```
+
+The User Agent/UX layer will need to estimate the fee required to be passed into the `send` method. This may be an issue
+as we cannot Dry-Run something on Polkadot that has not even been submitted on Ethereum yet. We may need to make RPC API
+to DryRun and get back the xcm that would be submitted to asset hub.
+
+### Step 2: Relayer relays message to Bridge Hub
+
+On-chain exchange rate is eliminated. Users pay remote delivery costs in ETH, and this amount is sent with the message
+as WETH. The delivery fee can be claimed by the relayer on BH.
+
+The user agent applies a similar dry-running process as with
+[Step 2: User agent estimates fees](https://www.notion.so/Step-2-User-agent-estimates-fees-113296aaabef8159bcd0e6dd2e64c3d0?pvs=21).
+
+The message is converted from $m_0$ to $x_0$ during message submission on BH. Dry-running submission will return $x_0$
+to the relayer so that it can verify it is profitable.
+
+### Step 3: AH receives $x_0$ from BH
+
+Submitting the message $m_0$ will cause the following XCM, $x_0$, to be built on BH and dispatched to AH.
+
+```text
+WithdrawAsset (KLT, 100)
+ReserveAssetDeposited(WETH, 2)
+PayFees (WETH, 1)
+SetAssetClaimer Kilt/Bob       // derived from beneficiary on final destination
+AliasOrigin Ethereum/Alice     // derived from msg.sender
+InitiateAssetsTransfer asset=(KLT, 100) remoteFee=(WETH, 1) dest=KLT
+  DepositAsset (KLT, 100) beneficiary=Bob
+```
+
+```text
+WithdrawAsset (KLT, 100)
+ReserveAssetDeposited(WETH, 2)
+PayFees (WETH, 1)
+SetAssetClaimer Kilt/Bob         // derived from beneficiary on final destination
+AliasOrigin Ethereum/Alice       // derived from msg.sender
+InitiateAssetsTransfer asset=(KLT, 100) remoteFee=(WETH, 1) dest=KLT
+    DepositAsset (KLT, 100) beneficiary=Bob
+    Transact Bob.hello()
+```
+
+### Step 4: KILT Receives XCM from AH
+
+The following XCM $x_1$ is received from AH on KILT.
+
+```text
+*WithdrawAsset (KLT, 100)
+*ReserveAssetDeposited (WETH, 1)
+*PayFees (WETH, 1)
+*SetAssetClaimer Ethereum/Alice
+*AliasOrigin Ethereum/Alice   // origin preserved from AH
+SetAssetClaimer Bob
+DepositAsset (KLT, 100) beneficiary=Bob
+```
+
+```text
+*WithdrawAsset (KLT, 100)
+*ReserveAssetDeposited (WETH, 1)
+*PayFees (WETH, 1)
+*SetAssetClaimer Ethereum/Alice
+*AliasOrigin Ethereum/Alice   // origin preserved from AH
+SetAssetClaimer Bob
+DepositAsset (KLT, 100) beneficiary=Bob
+Transact Bob.hello()          // executes with the origin from AH
+```
+
+## Relayer Rewards
+
+The tracking and disbursement of relayer rewards for both directions has been unified. Rewards are accumulated on BH in
+WETH and must be manually claimed. As part of the claims flow, an XCM instruction is sent to AH to mint the WETH into
+the deposit account chosen by the relayer.
+
+To claim, call following extrinsic, where $o$ is rewards account (origin), and $w$ is account on AH where the WETH will
+be minted.
+
+$$
+\mathrm{claim}(o,w)
+$$
+
+For tax accounting purposes it might be desirable that $o \neq w$.
+
+## Top-Up
+
+Top-up of the relayer reward is viable to implement for either direction as extrinsics on Bridge Hub and Ethereum
+respectively.
+
+## Origin Preservation
+
+Origins for transact will be preserved by use of the `AliasOrigin` instruction. This instruction will have the following
+rules that parachain runtimes will need to allow:
+
+1. `AliasOrigin` can behave like `DescendOrigin`. This is safe because it respects the hierarchy of multi-locations and
+   does not allow jumping up. Meaning no escalation of privileges.
+   1. Example location `Ethereum` can alias into `Ethereum/Alice` because we are descending in origin and this
+      essentially is how the `DescendOrigin` instruction works.
+2. `AliasOrigin` must allow AH to alias into bridged locations such as
+   `{ parents: 2, interior: GlobalConsensus(Ethereum) }` and all of its internal locations so that AH can act as a proxy
+   for the bridge on parachains.
+
+`AliasOrigin` will be inserted by every `InitiateAssetTransfer` instruction on the source parachain, populated with the
+contents of the origin register, essentially forwarding the origin of the source to the destination.
+
+RFCS:
+
+[https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/RFCs/pull/122](https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/RFCs/pull/122)
+
+[https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/RFCs/blob/main/text/0100-xcm-multi-type-asset-transfer.md](https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/RFCs/blob/main/text/0100-xcm-multi-type-asset-transfer.md)
+
+## Parachain Requirements
+
+1. Pallet-xcm.execute enabled.
+2. XCM payment and dry run apis implemented.
+3. Must accept WETH needed for fees. Though in future user agents can inject `ExchangeAsset` instructions to obtain
+   WETH.
+4. Trust AH as a reserve for bridged assets.
+5. Origin Preservation rules configured which allow asset hub to impersonate bridged addresses.
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/lib.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/lib.rs
index 84b1476931c976bfac8b06202d82affeb4cc0301..311b54b97dee92559f21c195a4f24bd71bacbd8f 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/lib.rs
@@ -179,6 +179,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	pub type NextSyncCommittee<T: Config> = StorageValue<_, SyncCommitteePrepared, ValueQuery>;
 
+	/// The last period where the next sync committee was updated for free.
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	pub type LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod<T: Config> = StorageValue<_, u64, ValueQuery>;
+
 	/// The current operating mode of the pallet.
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	#[pallet::getter(fn operating_mode)]
@@ -442,6 +446,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			let latest_finalized_state =
 				FinalizedBeaconState::<T>::get(LatestFinalizedBlockRoot::<T>::get())
 					.ok_or(Error::<T>::NotBootstrapped)?;
+
+			let pays_fee = Self::check_refundable(update, latest_finalized_state.slot);
+			let actual_weight = match update.next_sync_committee_update {
+				None => T::WeightInfo::submit(),
+				Some(_) => T::WeightInfo::submit_with_sync_committee(),
+			};
+
 			if let Some(next_sync_committee_update) = &update.next_sync_committee_update {
 				let store_period = compute_period(latest_finalized_state.slot);
 				let update_finalized_period = compute_period(update.finalized_header.slot);
@@ -465,17 +476,12 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					"💫 SyncCommitteeUpdated at period {}.",
 					update_finalized_period
 				);
+				<LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod<T>>::set(update_finalized_period);
 				Self::deposit_event(Event::SyncCommitteeUpdated {
 					period: update_finalized_period,
 				});
 			};
 
-			let pays_fee = Self::check_refundable(update, latest_finalized_state.slot);
-			let actual_weight = match update.next_sync_committee_update {
-				None => T::WeightInfo::submit(),
-				Some(_) => T::WeightInfo::submit_with_sync_committee(),
-			};
-
 			if update.finalized_header.slot > latest_finalized_state.slot {
 				Self::store_finalized_header(update.finalized_header, update.block_roots_root)?;
 			}
@@ -657,7 +663,14 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// successful sync committee updates are free.
 		pub(super) fn check_refundable(update: &Update, latest_slot: u64) -> Pays {
 			// If the sync committee was successfully updated, the update may be free.
-			if update.next_sync_committee_update.is_some() {
+			let update_period = compute_period(update.finalized_header.slot);
+			let latest_free_update_period = LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod::<T>::get();
+			// If the next sync committee is not known and this update sets it, the update is free.
+			// If the sync committee update is in a period that we have not received an update for,
+			// the update is free.
+			let refundable =
+				!<NextSyncCommittee<T>>::exists() || update_period > latest_free_update_period;
+			if update.next_sync_committee_update.is_some() && refundable {
 				return Pays::No;
 			}
 
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/mock.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/mock.rs
index be456565d407a944eb853ec9bd2921f3d81a3862..7dbabdee8234f023d40d4c3cd80ce831da2f3b26 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/mock.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/mock.rs
@@ -59,6 +59,33 @@ pub fn load_next_finalized_header_update_fixture() -> snowbridge_beacon_primitiv
 	load_fixture("next-finalized-header-update.json".to_string()).unwrap()
 }
 
+pub fn load_sync_committee_update_period_0() -> Box<
+	snowbridge_beacon_primitives::Update<
+		{ config::SYNC_COMMITTEE_SIZE },
+		{ config::SYNC_COMMITTEE_BITS_SIZE },
+	>,
+> {
+	Box::new(load_fixture("sync-committee-update-period-0.json".to_string()).unwrap())
+}
+
+pub fn load_sync_committee_update_period_0_older_fixture() -> Box<
+	snowbridge_beacon_primitives::Update<
+		{ config::SYNC_COMMITTEE_SIZE },
+		{ config::SYNC_COMMITTEE_BITS_SIZE },
+	>,
+> {
+	Box::new(load_fixture("sync-committee-update-period-0-older.json".to_string()).unwrap())
+}
+
+pub fn load_sync_committee_update_period_0_newer_fixture() -> Box<
+	snowbridge_beacon_primitives::Update<
+		{ config::SYNC_COMMITTEE_SIZE },
+		{ config::SYNC_COMMITTEE_BITS_SIZE },
+	>,
+> {
+	Box::new(load_fixture("sync-committee-update-period-0-newer.json".to_string()).unwrap())
+}
+
 pub fn get_message_verification_payload() -> (Log, Proof) {
 	let inbound_fixture = snowbridge_pallet_ethereum_client_fixtures::make_inbound_fixture();
 	(inbound_fixture.message.event_log, inbound_fixture.message.proof)
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/tests.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/tests.rs
index 82a3b8224470c12ecdd8243f9d7053adc824e6d4..de298ee711d062f9f545ffd7cd8e9a5cfafa495e 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/tests.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/src/tests.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 Snowfork <hello@snowfork.com>
+pub use crate::mock::*;
 use crate::{
+	config::{EPOCHS_PER_SYNC_COMMITTEE_PERIOD, SLOTS_PER_EPOCH, SLOTS_PER_HISTORICAL_ROOT},
 	functions::compute_period,
 	mock::{
 		get_message_verification_payload, load_checkpoint_update_fixture,
@@ -8,12 +10,9 @@ use crate::{
 		load_next_sync_committee_update_fixture, load_sync_committee_update_fixture,
 	},
 	sync_committee_sum, verify_merkle_branch, BeaconHeader, CompactBeaconState, Error,
-	FinalizedBeaconState, LatestFinalizedBlockRoot, NextSyncCommittee, SyncCommitteePrepared,
+	FinalizedBeaconState, LatestFinalizedBlockRoot, LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod,
+	NextSyncCommittee, SyncCommitteePrepared,
 };
-
-pub use crate::mock::*;
-
-use crate::config::{EPOCHS_PER_SYNC_COMMITTEE_PERIOD, SLOTS_PER_EPOCH, SLOTS_PER_HISTORICAL_ROOT};
 use frame_support::{assert_err, assert_noop, assert_ok, pallet_prelude::Pays};
 use hex_literal::hex;
 use snowbridge_beacon_primitives::{
@@ -374,7 +373,7 @@ fn submit_update_in_current_period() {
 		assert_ok!(EthereumBeaconClient::process_checkpoint_update(&checkpoint));
 		let result = EthereumBeaconClient::submit(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), update.clone());
 		assert_ok!(result);
-		assert_eq!(result.unwrap().pays_fee, Pays::Yes);
+		assert_eq!(result.unwrap().pays_fee, Pays::No);
 		let block_root: H256 = update.finalized_header.hash_tree_root().unwrap();
 		assert!(<FinalizedBeaconState<Test>>::contains_key(block_root));
 	});
@@ -711,8 +710,56 @@ fn duplicate_sync_committee_updates_are_not_free() {
 		// Check that if the same update is submitted, the update is not free.
 		let second_result =
 			EthereumBeaconClient::submit(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), sync_committee_update);
-		assert_err!(second_result, Error::<Test>::IrrelevantUpdate);
-		assert_eq!(second_result.unwrap_err().post_info.pays_fee, Pays::Yes);
+		assert_ok!(second_result);
+		assert_eq!(second_result.unwrap().pays_fee, Pays::Yes);
+	});
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn sync_committee_update_for_sync_committee_already_imported_are_not_free() {
+	let checkpoint = Box::new(load_checkpoint_update_fixture());
+	let sync_committee_update = Box::new(load_sync_committee_update_fixture()); // slot 129
+	let second_sync_committee_update = load_sync_committee_update_period_0(); // slot 128
+	let third_sync_committee_update = load_sync_committee_update_period_0_newer_fixture(); // slot 224
+	let fourth_sync_committee_update = load_sync_committee_update_period_0_older_fixture(); // slot 96
+	let fith_sync_committee_update = Box::new(load_next_sync_committee_update_fixture()); // slot 8259
+
+	new_tester().execute_with(|| {
+		assert_ok!(EthereumBeaconClient::process_checkpoint_update(&checkpoint));
+		assert_eq!(<LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod<Test>>::get(), 0);
+
+		// Check that setting the next sync committee for period 0 is free (it is not set yet).
+		let result =
+			EthereumBeaconClient::submit(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), sync_committee_update.clone());
+		assert_ok!(result);
+		assert_eq!(result.unwrap().pays_fee, Pays::No);
+		assert_eq!(<LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod<Test>>::get(), 0);
+
+		// Check that setting the next sync committee for period 0 again is not free.
+		let second_result =
+			EthereumBeaconClient::submit(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), second_sync_committee_update);
+		assert_eq!(second_result.unwrap().pays_fee, Pays::Yes);
+		assert_eq!(<LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod<Test>>::get(), 0);
+
+		// Check that setting an update with a sync committee that has already been set, but with a
+		// newer finalized header, is free.
+		let third_result =
+			EthereumBeaconClient::submit(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), third_sync_committee_update);
+		assert_eq!(third_result.unwrap().pays_fee, Pays::No);
+		assert_eq!(<LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod<Test>>::get(), 0);
+
+		// Check that setting the next sync committee for period 0 again with an earlier slot is not
+		// free.
+		let fourth_result =
+			EthereumBeaconClient::submit(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), fourth_sync_committee_update);
+		assert_err!(fourth_result, Error::<Test>::IrrelevantUpdate);
+		assert_eq!(fourth_result.unwrap_err().post_info.pays_fee, Pays::Yes);
+
+		// Check that setting the next sync committee for period 1 is free.
+		let fith_result =
+			EthereumBeaconClient::submit(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), fith_sync_committee_update);
+		assert_eq!(fith_result.unwrap().pays_fee, Pays::No);
+		assert_eq!(<LatestSyncCommitteeUpdatePeriod<Test>>::get(), 1);
 	});
 }
 
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/initial-checkpoint.json b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/initial-checkpoint.json
index a62d646617e49ee11c1d68e401069c5bdf4368be..34e65d20b885874e35d4499bafd906e22a2ecd1e 100755
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/initial-checkpoint.json
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/initial-checkpoint.json
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 {
   "header": {
-    "slot": 864,
+    "slot": 64,
     "proposer_index": 4,
-    "parent_root": "0x614e7672f991ac268cd841055973f55e1e42228831a211adef207bb7329be614",
-    "state_root": "0x5fa8dfca3d760e4242ab46d529144627aa85348a19173b6e081172c701197a4a",
-    "body_root": "0x0f34c083b1803666bb1ac5e73fa71582731a2cf37d279ff0a3b0cad5a2ff371e"
+    "parent_root": "0x88e5b7e0dd468b334caf9281e0665184d2d712d7ffe632123ea07631b714920c",
+    "state_root": "0x82771f834d4d896f4969abdaf45f28f49a7437ecfca7bf2f7db7bfac5ca7224f",
+    "body_root": "0x8b36f34ceba40a29c9c6fa6266564c7df30ea75fecf1a85e6ec1cb4aabf4dc68"
   },
   "current_sync_committee": {
     "pubkeys": [
@@ -525,18 +525,18 @@
   },
   "current_sync_committee_branch": [
     "0x3ade38d498a062b50880a9409e1ca3a7fd4315d91eeb3bb83e56ac6bfe8d6a59",
-    "0xa9e90f89e7f90fd5d79a6bbcaf40ba5cfc05ab1b561ac51c84867c32248d5b1e",
-    "0xbd1a76b03e02402bb24a627de1980a80ab17691980271f597b844b89b497ef75",
-    "0x07bbcd27c7cad089023db046eda17e8209842b7d97add8b873519e84fe6480e7",
-    "0x94c11eeee4cb6192bf40810f23486d8c75dfbc2b6f28d988d6f74435ede243b0"
+    "0x058baa5628d6156e55ab99da54244be4a071978528f2eb3b19a4f4d7ab36f870",
+    "0x5f89984c1068b616e99589e161d2bb73b92c68b3422ef309ace434894b4503ae",
+    "0x4f1c230cf2bbe39502171956421fbe4f1c0a71a9691944019047b84584b371d5",
+    "0xbf8d5f6021db16e9b50e639e5c489eb8dc06449bf4ed17045cb949cb89a58a04"
   ],
   "validators_root": "0x270d43e74ce340de4bca2b1936beca0f4f5408d9e78aec4850920baf659d5b69",
-  "block_roots_root": "0xb9aab9c388c4e4fcd899b71f62c498fc73406e38e8eb14aa440e9affa06f2a10",
+  "block_roots_root": "0x2c453665ba6fc024116daf5246126e36085c61257cfbcce69d0bdcf89c766dc0",
   "block_roots_branch": [
-    "0x733422bd810895dab74cbbe07c69dd440cbb51f573181ad4dddac30fcdd0f41f",
-    "0x9b9eca73ab01d14549c325ba1b4610bb20bf1f8ec2dbd649f9d8cc7f3cea75fa",
-    "0xbcc666ad0ad9f9725cbd682bc95589d35b1b53b2a615f1e6e8dd5e086336becf",
-    "0x3069b547a08f703a1715016e926cbd64e71f93f64fb68d98d8c8f1ab745c46e5",
-    "0xc2de7e1097239404e17b263cfa0473533cc41e903cb03440d633bc5c27314cb4"
+    "0xbd04f51e43f63b0be48034920e8f5976111b7717225abccedbc6bcb327b95d00",
+    "0x758319a3bad11ee10fde1036551d982583c0392f284de5cc429b67fbd74c25d5",
+    "0xb42179d040c2bec20fa0a2750baf225b8097b5c9e4e22af9250cc773f4259427",
+    "0x5340ad5877c72dca689ca04bc8fedb78d67a4801d99887937edd8ccd29f87e82",
+    "0x9f03be8e70f74fc6b51e6ed03c96aabb544b5c50e5cdb8c0ab5001d1249d55f0"
   ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0-newer.json b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0-newer.json
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7139589acbcebd14171c4a7d405a1864fea1bfff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0-newer.json
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+{
+  "attested_header": {
+    "slot": 224,
+    "proposer_index": 0,
+    "parent_root": "0xecfba5f579f43f474039f6f9abce51eb5607f6295aa45e1c353fa20245ab4efb",
+    "state_root": "0x10b21ccac4df114a9c30eaaff57f064b692e957a52eb43a8264702da76ba81f7",
+    "body_root": "0x6bd1768f675673b4ae32a197f569f7d279568fd5f60d32bd6ea11ecff559fc35"
+  },
+  "sync_aggregate": {
+    "sync_committee_bits": "0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000000000000000000000000000",
+    "sync_committee_signature": "0xb8f4800cb32edf6d05e9cace783d663719f7750f0438b8481c89895809c5430005df25b73393133c9df595e5998d6a540449d8840f8bd16474608bb0b9daa349b76429d8d7e314f2fb6e628c4f68c5469bc8c698bb232a767a4b080b8909aa53"
+  },
+  "signature_slot": 225,
+  "next_sync_committee_update": {
+    "next_sync_committee": {
+      "pubkeys": [
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
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+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
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+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
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+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
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+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
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+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
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+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b"
+      ],
+      "aggregate_pubkey": "0x8fbd66eeec2ff69ef0b836f04b1d67d88bcd4dfd495061964ad757c77abe822a39fa1cd8ed0d4d9bc9276cea73fd745c"
+    },
+    "next_sync_committee_branch": [
+      "0x3ade38d498a062b50880a9409e1ca3a7fd4315d91eeb3bb83e56ac6bfe8d6a59",
+      "0xaad994f17223061c45fb5ec4930b2da08512e221ca6857bde8929eda92dc115c",
+      "0x61145312b89c006c2d1406285a9f2f826679d20b00239f65f76d40e28abe3bca",
+      "0x37977cb0ebd513f5123ede3a57b228f31eb98ecaad7757cf8e405fee8224982e",
+      "0x8c24e3a8ddb0bad93d5dcd240f566c5d08bc381a58b94e337bed63f75104fe45"
+    ]
+  },
+  "finalized_header": {
+    "slot": 160,
+    "proposer_index": 0,
+    "parent_root": "0x6b536af592b64a337ae033b9646c4a10fd3369be72fcdaf53ae37797df8ec581",
+    "state_root": "0x1ed5990e4a1188a49ee64cdeb0ee9e480f29ce4d8020a0c5407471771a76ef2d",
+    "body_root": "0x73fb27d7521c84855007a824231d3b2b1650cd9ee34d914625f692c36b8112ef"
+  },
+  "finality_branch": [
+    "0x0500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+    "0x10c726fac935bf9657cc7476d3cfa7bedec5983dcfb59e8a7df6d0a619e108d7",
+    "0x98e9116c6bb7f20de18800dc63e73e689d06d6a47d35b5e2b32cf093d475840d",
+    "0x61145312b89c006c2d1406285a9f2f826679d20b00239f65f76d40e28abe3bca",
+    "0x37977cb0ebd513f5123ede3a57b228f31eb98ecaad7757cf8e405fee8224982e",
+    "0x8c24e3a8ddb0bad93d5dcd240f566c5d08bc381a58b94e337bed63f75104fe45"
+  ],
+  "block_roots_root": "0xa626dafac4b71585a5b18d18198d7e7c0a09c43b0fb3f2e68e04304d3be94b91",
+  "block_roots_branch": [
+    "0x1a4ced7954adc2f360994137f07d1ae456b008d5ff81f40f252da770a0cd70c9",
+    "0xa6d595807cef4f868a03813aceb42f07fadf37f93d5b30a3603f55c1eab0081d",
+    "0x50f2310554199f26d4a326c940dd6e014db55bb8f18bf3642fed22e58ddb5dd6",
+    "0xd8a7fed47a6e1934c5a5750a44aa70de9898c42e877fc87f0acb0e1b9d236091",
+    "0xad421833151ec4b8fd8269f16b4b41f15e7e0b82d561553ed5a50e5d6c5f2190"
+  ],
+  "execution_header": null,
+  "execution_branch": null
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0-older.json b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0-older.json
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b0eff7cac1b092e23efacd53ff2b384e2c6f20c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0-older.json
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+{
+  "attested_header": {
+    "slot": 96,
+    "proposer_index": 5,
+    "parent_root": "0x711c0cbebb834c0cd47d74732d78bc9f4794be2d7805176a4613ebaa9546569e",
+    "state_root": "0xe5ee40ae4ce991c927de404f3aea3209a55f29b54ee96d146c1e9fb733e14018",
+    "body_root": "0x57953c9bb22c5231b07078e6a3d82bd85ccdf48f55b4bb410c20af4cf4c3b03e"
+  },
+  "sync_aggregate": {
+    "sync_committee_bits": "0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff",
+    "sync_committee_signature": "0xa8a01929a4018d7f5cf3d0511b68ae6af1e32320a263d282ff85bf56860154bd70cd9b0b0f4aa7a956d0375b9b4ba6700c723fcaaeb577acd9a0a88baf0bb418e39f97b17b1edcaeb95fa086d4c5d410addc9f29c0b6c6c14775216cdcb828db"
+  },
+  "signature_slot": 97,
+  "next_sync_committee_update": {
+    "next_sync_committee": {
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+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b"
+      ],
+      "aggregate_pubkey": "0x8fbd66eeec2ff69ef0b836f04b1d67d88bcd4dfd495061964ad757c77abe822a39fa1cd8ed0d4d9bc9276cea73fd745c"
+    },
+    "next_sync_committee_branch": [
+      "0x3ade38d498a062b50880a9409e1ca3a7fd4315d91eeb3bb83e56ac6bfe8d6a59",
+      "0x48118ce24b62eda9ed2d37108f94efe223e6a385d84bcec6b2a53584271ea001",
+      "0xd72abb2443691ce25174da082c4c60880775d67f83802afd73cc2bf0edd06f73",
+      "0x0de609b4a50cd2729a8f9d9b6a505b008555dc121b18fb99c148be86ae08a53e",
+      "0xfb86aae7b54b08642d51132227e409e5247fa9ddb24287deab442ebf5dd9146c"
+    ]
+  },
+  "finalized_header": {
+    "slot": 64,
+    "proposer_index": 4,
+    "parent_root": "0x60e496771388130ba1dc1d5d447bd43b4a5026a5d17d20f34d5352c0a97e5585",
+    "state_root": "0x7007a070c06dbd1c6de2f6fb1288f6569a13a00a1ed7505a8b1ede38827dd39c",
+    "body_root": "0xbccefd80ea680aa944837ec75d660651f369f72724f125e871b787c3dab18ea4"
+  },
+  "finality_branch": [
+    "0x0200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+    "0x10c726fac935bf9657cc7476d3cfa7bedec5983dcfb59e8a7df6d0a619e108d7",
+    "0x98e9116c6bb7f20de18800dc63e73e689d06d6a47d35b5e2b32cf093d475840d",
+    "0xd72abb2443691ce25174da082c4c60880775d67f83802afd73cc2bf0edd06f73",
+    "0x0de609b4a50cd2729a8f9d9b6a505b008555dc121b18fb99c148be86ae08a53e",
+    "0xfb86aae7b54b08642d51132227e409e5247fa9ddb24287deab442ebf5dd9146c"
+  ],
+  "block_roots_root": "0xf70c00c84139e631f8d4a69120f5837e5d14db26aee6aa29f5a6a100b53f820b",
+  "block_roots_branch": [
+    "0x3c2f0c8588c1501bcd371de7103ad74ae93fe72b4703a1bd00fd77acefd90c76",
+    "0x8ac33e1bd9a7fa543236bf6f385b6082bb6e68ec344d0bc03e620dd908df4b07",
+    "0x56e652a369b875c2f28e96d341ed76ca453e2f5a0ee2ca571a9ae19d92e842df",
+    "0x5340ad5877c72dca689ca04bc8fedb78d67a4801d99887937edd8ccd29f87e82",
+    "0x91eee53bd353a3e021e2c382d9502503b7f9f1198b042ff36e8abdc74fd920dc"
+  ],
+  "execution_header": null,
+  "execution_branch": null
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0.json b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..916deb7513c8e141152a498cf3832068cb5190aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/ethereum-client/tests/fixtures/sync-committee-update-period-0.json
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+{
+  "attested_header": {
+    "slot": 128,
+    "proposer_index": 1,
+    "parent_root": "0x2161b169bc9dda1785a8c087e6455d9648d8df8c6d5f98f75d29c1c1c9e13ceb",
+    "state_root": "0x044bb5ec8eabc0ba7a74646cb92e4c6bd96f5d2974e0e191d3fd05de4eb1acea",
+    "body_root": "0x2b52b7dbe94cd1c024431064486880f2093480498f2b8a704fec9edc34f68eb8"
+  },
+  "sync_aggregate": {
+    "sync_committee_bits": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff",
+    "sync_committee_signature": "0x95ceea859d98d209441120821af32fa7ceb6080cf62db7a00a0f578ac83a4a1c619104474e715d1688732e8fe5b19f2417a4f6ba957b3cd2b8c817c8d8c42fc822062385269858feb955cd010744d8357dffef00535cf2e7a1017e58b22c4423"
+  },
+  "signature_slot": 129,
+  "next_sync_committee_update": {
+    "next_sync_committee": {
+      "pubkeys": [
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
+        "0x81283b7a20e1ca460ebd9bbd77005d557370cabb1f9a44f530c4c4c66230f675f8df8b4c2818851aa7d77a80ca5a4a5e",
+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
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+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
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+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
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+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
+        "0xa3a32b0f8b4ddb83f1a0a853d81dd725dfe577d4f4c3db8ece52ce2b026eca84815c1a7e8e92a4de3d755733bf7e4a9b",
+        "0xab0bdda0f85f842f431beaccf1250bf1fd7ba51b4100fd64364b6401fda85bb0069b3e715b58819684e7fc0b10a72a34",
+        "0xa8d4c7c27795a725961317ef5953a7032ed6d83739db8b0e8a72353d1b8b4439427f7efa2c89caa03cc9f28f8cbab8ac",
+        "0x9977f1c8b731a8d5558146bfb86caea26434f3c5878b589bf280a42c9159e700e9df0e4086296c20b011d2e78c27d373",
+        "0xb89bebc699769726a318c8e9971bd3171297c61aea4a6578a7a4f94b547dcba5bac16a89108b6b6a1fe3695d1a874a0b",
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+        "0x88c141df77cd9d8d7a71a75c826c41a9c9f03c6ee1b180f3e7852f6a280099ded351b58d66e653af8e42816a4d8f532e",
+        "0xa99a76ed7796f7be22d5b7e85deeb7c5677e88e511e0b337618f8c4eb61349b4bf2d153f649f7b53359fe8b94a38e44c",
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+    "proposer_index": 4,
+    "parent_root": "0x88e5b7e0dd468b334caf9281e0665184d2d712d7ffe632123ea07631b714920c",
+    "state_root": "0x82771f834d4d896f4969abdaf45f28f49a7437ecfca7bf2f7db7bfac5ca7224f",
+    "body_root": "0x8b36f34ceba40a29c9c6fa6266564c7df30ea75fecf1a85e6ec1cb4aabf4dc68"
+  },
+  "finality_branch": [
+    "0x0200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+    "0x10c726fac935bf9657cc7476d3cfa7bedec5983dcfb59e8a7df6d0a619e108d7",
+    "0x98e9116c6bb7f20de18800dc63e73e689d06d6a47d35b5e2b32cf093d475840d",
+    "0xe2b84cae247ad985d1d089df0f668f7f29ba1db750e5f32159e002dcda2d3f5f",
+    "0xecf54973b62af22f2620c37c14138021e5ea274f80815a52b3ed6c6234e039da",
+    "0x63a9c666a4d51dbfceda9b1c9dac57019fce464fd5733e6a6598dde49cc4ea23"
+  ],
+  "block_roots_root": "0x2c453665ba6fc024116daf5246126e36085c61257cfbcce69d0bdcf89c766dc0",
+  "block_roots_branch": [
+    "0xbd04f51e43f63b0be48034920e8f5976111b7717225abccedbc6bcb327b95d00",
+    "0x758319a3bad11ee10fde1036551d982583c0392f284de5cc429b67fbd74c25d5",
+    "0xb42179d040c2bec20fa0a2750baf225b8097b5c9e4e22af9250cc773f4259427",
+    "0x5340ad5877c72dca689ca04bc8fedb78d67a4801d99887937edd8ccd29f87e82",
+    "0x9f03be8e70f74fc6b51e6ed03c96aabb544b5c50e5cdb8c0ab5001d1249d55f0"
+  ],
+  "execution_header": null,
+  "execution_branch": null
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/inbound-queue/src/test.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/inbound-queue/src/test.rs
index bd993c968df7373910b438a2e090ef2896bb41dd..41c38460aabf1c796d743f0ee9de135d3c9e9ef0 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/inbound-queue/src/test.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/inbound-queue/src/test.rs
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ fn test_submit_happy_path() {
 				.into(),
 			nonce: 1,
 			message_id: [
-				57, 61, 232, 3, 66, 61, 25, 190, 234, 188, 193, 174, 13, 186, 1, 64, 237, 94, 73,
-				83, 14, 18, 209, 213, 78, 121, 43, 108, 251, 245, 107, 67,
+				255, 125, 48, 71, 174, 185, 100, 26, 159, 43, 108, 6, 116, 218, 55, 155, 223, 143,
+				141, 22, 124, 110, 241, 18, 122, 217, 130, 29, 139, 76, 97, 201,
 			],
 			fee_burned: 110000000000,
 		}
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/outbound-queue/merkle-tree/src/lib.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/outbound-queue/merkle-tree/src/lib.rs
index d5c89b9c0987f22573aed765ce87ca0ec54c5bf1..eeeaa6e68cf94faf4739fc4c3cdc9bfb99b466ef 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/outbound-queue/merkle-tree/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/pallets/outbound-queue/merkle-tree/src/lib.rs
@@ -182,12 +182,6 @@ where
 	let root = merkelize::<H, _, _>(hashes.into_iter(), &mut collect_proof);
 	let leaf = leaf.expect("Requested `leaf_index` is greater than number of leaves.");
 
-	#[cfg(feature = "debug")]
-	log::debug!(
-		"[merkle_proof] Proof: {:?}",
-		collect_proof.proof.iter().map(hex::encode).collect::<Vec<_>>()
-	);
-
 	MerkleProof { root, proof: collect_proof.proof, number_of_leaves, leaf_index, leaf }
 }
 
@@ -274,8 +268,6 @@ where
 	V: Visitor,
 	I: Iterator<Item = H256>,
 {
-	#[cfg(feature = "debug")]
-	log::debug!("[merkelize_row]");
 	next.clear();
 
 	let hash_len = <H as sp_core::Hasher>::LENGTH;
@@ -286,9 +278,6 @@ where
 		let b = iter.next();
 		visitor.visit(index, &a, &b);
 
-		#[cfg(feature = "debug")]
-		log::debug!("  {:?}\n  {:?}", a.as_ref().map(hex::encode), b.as_ref().map(hex::encode));
-
 		index += 2;
 		match (a, b) {
 			(Some(a), Some(b)) => {
@@ -309,14 +298,7 @@ where
 			// Last item = root.
 			(Some(a), None) => return Ok(a),
 			// Finish up, no more items.
-			_ => {
-				#[cfg(feature = "debug")]
-				log::debug!(
-					"[merkelize_row] Next: {:?}",
-					next.iter().map(hex::encode).collect::<Vec<_>>()
-				);
-				return Err(next)
-			},
+			_ => return Err(next),
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/inbound/mod.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/inbound/mod.rs
index 5cff8413af66b23fe55fc6c68f8b936768289ce9..fbfc52d01c8373019054723fca8f05d90f33012d 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/inbound/mod.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/inbound/mod.rs
@@ -168,7 +168,8 @@ impl<
 		ConvertAssetId,
 		EthereumUniversalLocation,
 		GlobalAssetHubLocation,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	CreateAssetCall: Get<CallIndex>,
 	CreateAssetDeposit: Get<u128>,
 	InboundQueuePalletInstance: Get<u8>,
@@ -226,7 +227,8 @@ impl<
 		ConvertAssetId,
 		EthereumUniversalLocation,
 		GlobalAssetHubLocation,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	CreateAssetCall: Get<CallIndex>,
 	CreateAssetDeposit: Get<u128>,
 	InboundQueuePalletInstance: Get<u8>,
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ impl<
 		let total_amount = fee + CreateAssetDeposit::get();
 		let total: Asset = (Location::parent(), total_amount).into();
 
-		let bridge_location: Location = (Parent, Parent, GlobalConsensus(network)).into();
+		let bridge_location = Location::new(2, GlobalConsensus(network));
 
 		let owner = GlobalConsensusEthereumConvertsFor::<[u8; 32]>::from_chain_id(&chain_id);
 		let asset_id = Self::convert_token_address(network, token);
@@ -262,8 +264,15 @@ impl<
 			// Pay for execution.
 			BuyExecution { fees: xcm_fee, weight_limit: Unlimited },
 			// Fund the snowbridge sovereign with the required deposit for creation.
-			DepositAsset { assets: Definite(deposit.into()), beneficiary: bridge_location },
-			// Only our inbound-queue pallet is allowed to invoke `UniversalOrigin`
+			DepositAsset { assets: Definite(deposit.into()), beneficiary: bridge_location.clone() },
+			// This `SetAppendix` ensures that `xcm_fee` not spent by `Transact` will be
+			// deposited to snowbridge sovereign, instead of being trapped, regardless of
+			// `Transact` success or not.
+			SetAppendix(Xcm(vec![
+				RefundSurplus,
+				DepositAsset { assets: AllCounted(1).into(), beneficiary: bridge_location },
+			])),
+			// Only our inbound-queue pallet is allowed to invoke `UniversalOrigin`.
 			DescendOrigin(PalletInstance(inbound_queue_pallet_index).into()),
 			// Change origin to the bridge.
 			UniversalOrigin(GlobalConsensus(network)),
@@ -280,12 +289,10 @@ impl<
 					.encode()
 					.into(),
 			},
-			RefundSurplus,
-			// Clear the origin so that remaining assets in holding
-			// are claimable by the physical origin (BridgeHub)
-			ClearOrigin,
 			// Forward message id to Asset Hub
 			SetTopic(message_id.into()),
+			// Once the program ends here, appendix program will run, which will deposit any
+			// leftover fee to snowbridge sovereign.
 		]
 		.into();
 
@@ -340,17 +347,24 @@ impl<
 		match dest_para_id {
 			Some(dest_para_id) => {
 				let dest_para_fee_asset: Asset = (Location::parent(), dest_para_fee).into();
+				let bridge_location = Location::new(2, GlobalConsensus(network));
 
 				instructions.extend(vec![
+					// After program finishes deposit any leftover assets to the snowbridge
+					// sovereign.
+					SetAppendix(Xcm(vec![DepositAsset {
+						assets: Wild(AllCounted(2)),
+						beneficiary: bridge_location,
+					}])),
 					// Perform a deposit reserve to send to destination chain.
 					DepositReserveAsset {
-						assets: Definite(vec![dest_para_fee_asset.clone(), asset.clone()].into()),
+						assets: Definite(vec![dest_para_fee_asset.clone(), asset].into()),
 						dest: Location::new(1, [Parachain(dest_para_id)]),
 						xcm: vec![
 							// Buy execution on target.
 							BuyExecution { fees: dest_para_fee_asset, weight_limit: Unlimited },
-							// Deposit asset to beneficiary.
-							DepositAsset { assets: Definite(asset.into()), beneficiary },
+							// Deposit assets to beneficiary.
+							DepositAsset { assets: Wild(AllCounted(2)), beneficiary },
 							// Forward message id to destination parachain.
 							SetTopic(message_id.into()),
 						]
@@ -371,6 +385,8 @@ impl<
 		// Forward message id to Asset Hub.
 		instructions.push(SetTopic(message_id.into()));
 
+		// The `instructions` to forward to AssetHub, and the `total_fees` to locally burn (since
+		// they are teleported within `instructions`).
 		(instructions.into(), total_fees.into())
 	}
 
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/outbound/mod.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/outbound/mod.rs
index d3b6c116dd7a3420c730f77614de61f355b64319..efc1ef56f30479f2f238ebccbdae0303bc99e07c 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/outbound/mod.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/outbound/mod.rs
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ impl<UniversalLocation, EthereumNetwork, OutboundQueue, AgentHashedDescription,
 		OutboundQueue,
 		AgentHashedDescription,
 		ConvertAssetId,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	UniversalLocation: Get<InteriorLocation>,
 	EthereumNetwork: Get<NetworkId>,
 	OutboundQueue: SendMessage<Balance = u128>,
@@ -68,13 +69,15 @@ impl<UniversalLocation, EthereumNetwork, OutboundQueue, AgentHashedDescription,
 			return Err(SendError::NotApplicable)
 		}
 
-		let dest = destination.take().ok_or(SendError::MissingArgument)?;
+		// Cloning destination to avoid modifying the value so subsequent exporters can use it.
+		let dest = destination.clone().take().ok_or(SendError::MissingArgument)?;
 		if dest != Here {
 			log::trace!(target: "xcm::ethereum_blob_exporter", "skipped due to unmatched remote destination {dest:?}.");
 			return Err(SendError::NotApplicable)
 		}
 
-		let (local_net, local_sub) = universal_source
+		// Cloning universal_source to avoid modifying the value so subsequent exporters can use it.
+		let (local_net, local_sub) = universal_source.clone()
 			.take()
 			.ok_or_else(|| {
 				log::error!(target: "xcm::ethereum_blob_exporter", "universal source not provided.");
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ impl<UniversalLocation, EthereumNetwork, OutboundQueue, AgentHashedDescription,
 			.split_global()
 			.map_err(|()| {
 				log::error!(target: "xcm::ethereum_blob_exporter", "could not get global consensus from universal source '{universal_source:?}'.");
-				SendError::Unroutable
+				SendError::NotApplicable
 			})?;
 
 		if Ok(local_net) != universal_location.global_consensus() {
@@ -95,25 +98,25 @@ impl<UniversalLocation, EthereumNetwork, OutboundQueue, AgentHashedDescription,
 			[Parachain(para_id)] => *para_id,
 			_ => {
 				log::error!(target: "xcm::ethereum_blob_exporter", "could not get parachain id from universal source '{local_sub:?}'.");
-				return Err(SendError::MissingArgument)
+				return Err(SendError::NotApplicable)
 			},
 		};
 
-		let message = message.take().ok_or_else(|| {
-			log::error!(target: "xcm::ethereum_blob_exporter", "xcm message not provided.");
-			SendError::MissingArgument
-		})?;
-
 		let source_location = Location::new(1, local_sub.clone());
 
 		let agent_id = match AgentHashedDescription::convert_location(&source_location) {
 			Some(id) => id,
 			None => {
 				log::error!(target: "xcm::ethereum_blob_exporter", "unroutable due to not being able to create agent id. '{source_location:?}'");
-				return Err(SendError::Unroutable)
+				return Err(SendError::NotApplicable)
 			},
 		};
 
+		let message = message.take().ok_or_else(|| {
+			log::error!(target: "xcm::ethereum_blob_exporter", "xcm message not provided.");
+			SendError::MissingArgument
+		})?;
+
 		let mut converter =
 			XcmConverter::<ConvertAssetId, ()>::new(&message, expected_network, agent_id);
 		let (command, message_id) = converter.convert().map_err(|err|{
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/outbound/tests.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/outbound/tests.rs
index 6e4fd594634039163806c5dda22598461f17d9c0..8bd3fa24df5bff9290b4a7a87afaf90f1947d2f8 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/outbound/tests.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/primitives/router/src/outbound/tests.rs
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ fn exporter_validate_without_universal_source_yields_missing_argument() {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn exporter_validate_without_global_universal_location_yields_unroutable() {
+fn exporter_validate_without_global_universal_location_yields_not_applicable() {
 	let network = BridgedNetwork::get();
 	let channel: u32 = 0;
 	let mut universal_source: Option<InteriorLocation> = Here.into();
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ fn exporter_validate_without_global_universal_location_yields_unroutable() {
 			AgentIdOf,
 			MockTokenIdConvert,
 		>::validate(network, channel, &mut universal_source, &mut destination, &mut message);
-	assert_eq!(result, Err(XcmSendError::Unroutable));
+	assert_eq!(result, Err(XcmSendError::NotApplicable));
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ fn exporter_validate_with_remote_universal_source_yields_not_applicable() {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn exporter_validate_without_para_id_in_source_yields_missing_argument() {
+fn exporter_validate_without_para_id_in_source_yields_not_applicable() {
 	let network = BridgedNetwork::get();
 	let channel: u32 = 0;
 	let mut universal_source: Option<InteriorLocation> = Some(GlobalConsensus(Polkadot).into());
@@ -221,11 +221,11 @@ fn exporter_validate_without_para_id_in_source_yields_missing_argument() {
 			AgentIdOf,
 			MockTokenIdConvert,
 		>::validate(network, channel, &mut universal_source, &mut destination, &mut message);
-	assert_eq!(result, Err(XcmSendError::MissingArgument));
+	assert_eq!(result, Err(XcmSendError::NotApplicable));
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn exporter_validate_complex_para_id_in_source_yields_missing_argument() {
+fn exporter_validate_complex_para_id_in_source_yields_not_applicable() {
 	let network = BridgedNetwork::get();
 	let channel: u32 = 0;
 	let mut universal_source: Option<InteriorLocation> =
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ fn exporter_validate_complex_para_id_in_source_yields_missing_argument() {
 			AgentIdOf,
 			MockTokenIdConvert,
 		>::validate(network, channel, &mut universal_source, &mut destination, &mut message);
-	assert_eq!(result, Err(XcmSendError::MissingArgument));
+	assert_eq!(result, Err(XcmSendError::NotApplicable));
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -1163,3 +1163,107 @@ fn xcm_converter_transfer_native_token_with_invalid_location_will_fail() {
 	let result = converter.convert();
 	assert_eq!(result.err(), Some(XcmConverterError::InvalidAsset));
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn exporter_validate_with_invalid_dest_does_not_alter_destination() {
+	let network = BridgedNetwork::get();
+	let destination: InteriorLocation = Parachain(1000).into();
+
+	let universal_source: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(Polkadot), Parachain(1000)].into();
+
+	let token_address: [u8; 20] = hex!("1000000000000000000000000000000000000000");
+	let beneficiary_address: [u8; 20] = hex!("2000000000000000000000000000000000000000");
+
+	let channel: u32 = 0;
+	let assets: Assets = vec![Asset {
+		id: AssetId([AccountKey20 { network: None, key: token_address }].into()),
+		fun: Fungible(1000),
+	}]
+	.into();
+	let fee = assets.clone().get(0).unwrap().clone();
+	let filter: AssetFilter = assets.clone().into();
+	let msg: Xcm<()> = vec![
+		WithdrawAsset(assets.clone()),
+		ClearOrigin,
+		BuyExecution { fees: fee, weight_limit: Unlimited },
+		DepositAsset {
+			assets: filter,
+			beneficiary: AccountKey20 { network: None, key: beneficiary_address }.into(),
+		},
+		SetTopic([0; 32]),
+	]
+	.into();
+	let mut msg_wrapper: Option<Xcm<()>> = Some(msg.clone());
+	let mut dest_wrapper = Some(destination.clone());
+	let mut universal_source_wrapper = Some(universal_source.clone());
+
+	let result =
+		EthereumBlobExporter::<
+			UniversalLocation,
+			BridgedNetwork,
+			MockOkOutboundQueue,
+			AgentIdOf,
+			MockTokenIdConvert,
+		>::validate(
+			network, channel, &mut universal_source_wrapper, &mut dest_wrapper, &mut msg_wrapper
+		);
+
+	assert_eq!(result, Err(XcmSendError::NotApplicable));
+
+	// ensure mutable variables are not changed
+	assert_eq!(Some(destination), dest_wrapper);
+	assert_eq!(Some(msg), msg_wrapper);
+	assert_eq!(Some(universal_source), universal_source_wrapper);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn exporter_validate_with_invalid_universal_source_does_not_alter_universal_source() {
+	let network = BridgedNetwork::get();
+	let destination: InteriorLocation = Here.into();
+
+	let universal_source: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(Westend), Parachain(1000)].into();
+
+	let token_address: [u8; 20] = hex!("1000000000000000000000000000000000000000");
+	let beneficiary_address: [u8; 20] = hex!("2000000000000000000000000000000000000000");
+
+	let channel: u32 = 0;
+	let assets: Assets = vec![Asset {
+		id: AssetId([AccountKey20 { network: None, key: token_address }].into()),
+		fun: Fungible(1000),
+	}]
+	.into();
+	let fee = assets.clone().get(0).unwrap().clone();
+	let filter: AssetFilter = assets.clone().into();
+	let msg: Xcm<()> = vec![
+		WithdrawAsset(assets.clone()),
+		ClearOrigin,
+		BuyExecution { fees: fee, weight_limit: Unlimited },
+		DepositAsset {
+			assets: filter,
+			beneficiary: AccountKey20 { network: None, key: beneficiary_address }.into(),
+		},
+		SetTopic([0; 32]),
+	]
+	.into();
+	let mut msg_wrapper: Option<Xcm<()>> = Some(msg.clone());
+	let mut dest_wrapper = Some(destination.clone());
+	let mut universal_source_wrapper = Some(universal_source.clone());
+
+	let result =
+		EthereumBlobExporter::<
+			UniversalLocation,
+			BridgedNetwork,
+			MockOkOutboundQueue,
+			AgentIdOf,
+			MockTokenIdConvert,
+		>::validate(
+			network, channel, &mut universal_source_wrapper, &mut dest_wrapper, &mut msg_wrapper
+		);
+
+	assert_eq!(result, Err(XcmSendError::NotApplicable));
+
+	// ensure mutable variables are not changed
+	assert_eq!(Some(destination), dest_wrapper);
+	assert_eq!(Some(msg), msg_wrapper);
+	assert_eq!(Some(universal_source), universal_source_wrapper);
+}
diff --git a/bridges/snowbridge/runtime/runtime-common/src/lib.rs b/bridges/snowbridge/runtime/runtime-common/src/lib.rs
index aae45520ff4bd84545cef260dc363c4fd6053ea3..0b1a74b232a0c0ca909f53674efb3a130ea1d6a6 100644
--- a/bridges/snowbridge/runtime/runtime-common/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bridges/snowbridge/runtime/runtime-common/src/lib.rs
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ impl<Balance, AccountId, FeeAssetLocation, EthereumNetwork, AssetTransactor, Fee
 		EthereumNetwork,
 		AssetTransactor,
 		FeeProvider,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	Balance: BaseArithmetic + Unsigned + Copy + From<u128> + Into<u128> + Debug,
 	AccountId: Clone + FullCodec,
 	FeeAssetLocation: Get<Location>,
diff --git a/bridges/testing/README.md b/bridges/testing/README.md
index 158dfd73b1ad8d6b67891b661bc215c290017cd0..89a07c421e3e279b04ef3813d35a9db72cdc3576 100644
--- a/bridges/testing/README.md
+++ b/bridges/testing/README.md
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Prerequisites for running the tests locally:
 - copy the `substrate-relay` binary, built in the previous step, to `~/local_bridge_testing/bin/substrate-relay`;
 
 After that, any test can be run using the `run-test.sh` command.
-Example: `./run-new-test.sh 0001-asset-transfer`
+Example: `./run-test.sh 0001-asset-transfer`
 
 Hopefully, it'll show the
 "All tests have completed successfully" message in the end. Otherwise, it'll print paths to zombienet
diff --git a/bridges/testing/environments/rococo-westend/bridges_rococo_westend.sh b/bridges/testing/environments/rococo-westend/bridges_rococo_westend.sh
index 54633449134b4ce85ff124d034cd6f58061409a1..e7848fe7163c7419d01e76b1cd5c60f271b6ae98 100755
--- a/bridges/testing/environments/rococo-westend/bridges_rococo_westend.sh
+++ b/bridges/testing/environments/rococo-westend/bridges_rococo_westend.sh
@@ -53,66 +53,66 @@ ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_AT_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO="5Eg2fntNprdN3FgH4sfEaaZ
 # Expected sovereign accounts for rewards on BridgeHubs.
 #
 # Generated by:
-#	#[test]
-#	fn generate_sovereign_accounts_for_rewards() {
-#		use bp_messages::LaneId;
-#		use bp_relayers::{PayRewardFromAccount, RewardsAccountOwner, RewardsAccountParams};
-#		use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
+##[test]
+#fn generate_sovereign_accounts_for_rewards() {
+#	use bp_messages::LegacyLaneId;
+#	use bp_relayers::{PayRewardFromAccount, RewardsAccountOwner, RewardsAccountParams};
+#	use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
 #
-#		// SS58=42
-#		println!(
-#			"ON_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhwd_ThisChain=\"{}\"",
-#			frame_support::sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(
-#				PayRewardFromAccount::<[u8; 32], [u8; 32]>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
-#					LaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
-#					*b"bhwd",
-#					RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
-#				))
-#			)
-#				.to_ss58check_with_version(42_u16.into())
-#		);
-#		// SS58=42
-#		println!(
-#			"ON_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhwd_BridgedChain=\"{}\"",
-#			frame_support::sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(
-#				PayRewardFromAccount::<[u8; 32], [u8; 32]>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
-#					LaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
-#					*b"bhwd",
-#					RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain
-#				))
-#			)
-#				.to_ss58check_with_version(42_u16.into())
-#		);
+#	// SS58=42
+#	println!(
+#		"ON_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhwd_ThisChain=\"{}\"",
+#		frame_support::sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(
+#			PayRewardFromAccount::<[u8; 32], [u8; 32], LegacyLaneId>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
+#				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
+#				*b"bhwd",
+#				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
+#			))
+#		)
+#			.to_ss58check_with_version(42_u16.into())
+#	);
+#	// SS58=42
+#	println!(
+#		"ON_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhwd_BridgedChain=\"{}\"",
+#		frame_support::sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(
+#			PayRewardFromAccount::<[u8; 32], [u8; 32], LegacyLaneId>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
+#				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
+#				*b"bhwd",
+#				RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain
+#			))
+#		)
+#			.to_ss58check_with_version(42_u16.into())
+#	);
 #
-#		// SS58=42
-#		println!(
-#			"ON_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhro_ThisChain=\"{}\"",
-#			frame_support::sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(
-#				PayRewardFromAccount::<[u8; 32], [u8; 32]>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
-#					LaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
-#					*b"bhro",
-#					RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
-#				))
-#			)
-#				.to_ss58check_with_version(42_u16.into())
-#		);
-#		// SS58=42
-#		println!(
-#			"ON_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhro_BridgedChain=\"{}\"",
-#			frame_support::sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(
-#				PayRewardFromAccount::<[u8; 32], [u8; 32]>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
-#					LaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
-#					*b"bhro",
-#					RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain
-#				))
-#			)
-#				.to_ss58check_with_version(42_u16.into())
-#		);
-#	}
-ON_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhwd_ThisChain="5EHnXaT5BhiSGP5hbdsoVGtzi2sQVgpDNToTxLYeQvKoMPEm"
-ON_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhwd_BridgedChain="5EHnXaT5BhiSGP5hbdt5EJSapXYbxEv678jyWHEUskCXcjqo"
-ON_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhro_ThisChain="5EHnXaT5BhiSGP5h9Rg8sgUJqoLym3iEaWUiboT8S9AT5xFh"
-ON_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhro_BridgedChain="5EHnXaT5BhiSGP5h9RgQci1txJ2BDbp7KBRE9k8xty3BMUSi"
+#	// SS58=42
+#	println!(
+#		"ON_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhro_ThisChain=\"{}\"",
+#		frame_support::sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(
+#			PayRewardFromAccount::<[u8; 32], [u8; 32], LegacyLaneId>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
+#				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
+#				*b"bhro",
+#				RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain
+#			))
+#		)
+#			.to_ss58check_with_version(42_u16.into())
+#	);
+#	// SS58=42
+#	println!(
+#		"ON_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhro_BridgedChain=\"{}\"",
+#		frame_support::sp_runtime::AccountId32::new(
+#			PayRewardFromAccount::<[u8; 32], [u8; 32], LegacyLaneId>::rewards_account(RewardsAccountParams::new(
+#				LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]),
+#				*b"bhro",
+#				RewardsAccountOwner::BridgedChain
+#			))
+#		)
+#			.to_ss58check_with_version(42_u16.into())
+#	);
+#}
+ON_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhwd_ThisChain="5EHnXaT5GApse1euZWj9hycMbgjKBCNQL9WEwScL8QDx6mhK"
+ON_BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhwd_BridgedChain="5EHnXaT5Tnt4A8aiP9CsuAFRhKPjKZJXRrj4a3mtihFvKpTi"
+ON_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhro_ThisChain="5EHnXaT5GApry9tS6yd1FVusPq8o8bQJGCKyvXTFCoEKk5Z9"
+ON_BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_SOVEREIGN_ACCOUNT_FOR_LANE_00000002_bhro_BridgedChain="5EHnXaT5Tnt3VGpEvc6jSgYwVToDGxLRMuYoZ8coo6GHyWbR"
 
 LANE_ID="00000002"
 XCM_VERSION=3
diff --git a/bridges/testing/framework/utils/generate_hex_encoded_call/package-lock.json b/bridges/testing/framework/utils/generate_hex_encoded_call/package-lock.json
deleted file mode 100644
index ca3abcc528cfaabc19cebf47426ef62f4ea5a8a6..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/bridges/testing/framework/utils/generate_hex_encoded_call/package-lock.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,759 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "y",
-  "version": "y",
-  "lockfileVersion": 3,
-  "requires": true,
-  "packages": {
-    "": {
-      "name": "y",
-      "version": "y",
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/api": "^10.11",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@noble/curves": {
-      "version": "1.3.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/curves/-/curves-1.3.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-t01iSXPuN+Eqzb4eBX0S5oubSqXbK/xXa1Ne18Hj8f9pStxztHCE2gfboSp/dZRLSqfuLpRK2nDXDK+W9puocA==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@noble/hashes": "1.3.3"
-      },
-      "funding": {
-        "url": "https://paulmillr.com/funding/"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@noble/hashes": {
-      "version": "1.3.3",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/hashes/-/hashes-1.3.3.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-V7/fPHgl+jsVPXqqeOzT8egNj2iBIVt+ECeMMG8TdcnTikP3oaBtUVqpT/gYCR68aEBJSF+XbYUxStjbFMqIIA==",
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">= 16"
-      },
-      "funding": {
-        "url": "https://paulmillr.com/funding/"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/api": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/api/-/api-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-AorCZxCWCoTtdbl4DPUZh+ACe/pbLIS1BkdQY0AFJuZllm0x/yWzjgampcPd5jQAA/O3iKShRBkZqj6Mk9yG/A==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/api-augment": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/api-base": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/api-derive": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/keyring": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/rpc-augment": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/rpc-core": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-augment": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-codec": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-create": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-known": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^12.6.2",
-        "eventemitter3": "^5.0.1",
-        "rxjs": "^7.8.1",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/api-augment": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/api-augment/-/api-augment-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-PTpnqpezc75qBqUtgrc0GYB8h9UHjfbHSRZamAbecIVAJ2/zc6CqtnldeaBlIu1IKTgBzi3FFtTyYu+ZGbNT2Q==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/api-base": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/rpc-augment": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-augment": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-codec": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/api-base": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/api-base/-/api-base-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-4LIjaUfO9nOzilxo7XqzYKCNMtmUypdk8oHPdrRnSjKEsnK7vDsNi+979z2KXNXd2KFSCFHENmI523fYnMnReg==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/rpc-core": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "rxjs": "^7.8.1",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/api-derive": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/api-derive/-/api-derive-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-m3BQbPionkd1iSlknddxnL2hDtolPIsT+aRyrtn4zgMRPoLjHFmTmovvg8RaUyYofJtZeYrnjMw0mdxiSXx7eA==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/api": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/api-augment": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/api-base": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/rpc-core": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-codec": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^12.6.2",
-        "rxjs": "^7.8.1",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/keyring": {
-      "version": "12.6.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/keyring/-/keyring-12.6.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-O3Q7GVmRYm8q7HuB3S0+Yf/q/EB2egKRRU3fv9b3B7V+A52tKzA+vIwEmNVaD1g5FKW9oB97rmpggs0zaKFqHw==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/util": "12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/util-crypto": "12.6.2",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      },
-      "peerDependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/util": "12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/util-crypto": "12.6.2"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/networks": {
-      "version": "12.6.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/networks/-/networks-12.6.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-1oWtZm1IvPWqvMrldVH6NI2gBoCndl5GEwx7lAuQWGr7eNL+6Bdc5K3Z9T0MzFvDGoi2/CBqjX9dRKo39pDC/w==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/util": "12.6.2",
-        "@substrate/ss58-registry": "^1.44.0",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/rpc-augment": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/rpc-augment/-/rpc-augment-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-9AhT0WW81/8jYbRcAC6PRmuxXqNhJje8OYiulBQHbG1DTCcjAfz+6VQBke9BwTStzPq7d526+yyBKD17O3zlAA==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/rpc-core": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-codec": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/rpc-core": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/rpc-core/-/rpc-core-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-Ot0CFLWx8sZhLZog20WDuniPA01Bk2StNDsdAQgcFKPwZw6ShPaZQCHuKLQK6I6DodOrem9FXX7c1hvoKJP5Ww==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/rpc-augment": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "rxjs": "^7.8.1",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/rpc-provider": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/rpc-provider/-/rpc-provider-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-he5jWMpDJp7e+vUzTZDzpkB7ps3H8psRally+/ZvZZScPvFEjfczT7I1WWY9h58s8+ImeVP/lkXjL9h/gUOt3Q==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/keyring": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-support": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/x-fetch": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/x-global": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/x-ws": "^12.6.2",
-        "eventemitter3": "^5.0.1",
-        "mock-socket": "^9.3.1",
-        "nock": "^13.4.0",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      },
-      "optionalDependencies": {
-        "@substrate/connect": "0.7.35"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/types": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/types/-/types-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-d52j3xXni+C8GdYZVTSfu8ROAnzXFMlyRvXtor0PudUc8UQHOaC4+mYAkTBGA2gKdmL8MHSfRSbhcxHhsikY6Q==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/keyring": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-augment": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-codec": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-create": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^12.6.2",
-        "rxjs": "^7.8.1",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/types-augment": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/types-augment/-/types-augment-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-8eB8ew04wZiE5GnmFvEFW1euJWmF62SGxb1O+8wL3zoUtB9Xgo1vB6w6xbTrd+HLV6jNSeXXnbbF1BEUvi9cNg==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-codec": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/types-codec": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/types-codec/-/types-codec-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-3xjOQL+LOOMzYqlgP9ROL0FQnzU8lGflgYewzau7AsDlFziSEtb49a9BpYo6zil4koC+QB8zQ9OHGFumG08T8w==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/x-bigint": "^12.6.2",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/types-create": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/types-create/-/types-create-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-SJt23NxYvefRxVZZm6mT9ed1pR6FDoIGQ3xUpbjhTLfU2wuhpKjekMVorYQ6z/gK2JLMu2kV92Ardsz+6GX5XQ==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/types-codec": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/types-known": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/types-known/-/types-known-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-kbEIX7NUQFxpDB0FFGNyXX/odY7jbp56RGD+Z4A731fW2xh/DgAQrI994xTzuh0c0EqPE26oQm3kATSpseqo9w==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/networks": "^12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/types": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-codec": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/types-create": "10.11.2",
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/types-support": {
-      "version": "10.11.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/types-support/-/types-support-10.11.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-X11hoykFYv/3efg4coZy2hUOUc97JhjQMJLzDhHniFwGLlYU8MeLnPdCVGkXx0xDDjTo4/ptS1XpZ5HYcg+gRw==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/util": "^12.6.2",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/util": {
-      "version": "12.6.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/util/-/util-12.6.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-l8TubR7CLEY47240uki0TQzFvtnxFIO7uI/0GoWzpYD/O62EIAMRsuY01N4DuwgKq2ZWD59WhzsLYmA5K6ksdw==",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@polkadot/x-bigint": "12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/x-global": "12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/x-textdecoder": "12.6.2",
-        "@polkadot/x-textencoder": "12.6.2",
-        "@types/bn.js": "^5.1.5",
-        "bn.js": "^5.2.1",
-        "tslib": "^2.6.2"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=18"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@polkadot/util-crypto": {
-      "version": "12.6.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@polkadot/util-crypto/-/util-crypto-12.6.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-FEWI/dJ7wDMNN1WOzZAjQoIcCP/3vz3wvAp5QQm+lOrzOLj0iDmaIGIcBkz8HVm3ErfSe/uKP0KS4jgV/ib+Mg==",
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-      "integrity": "sha512-e0MO3wdXWKrLbL0DgGnUV7WHVuw9OUvL4hjgnPkIeEvESk74gAITi5G606JtZPp39cd8HA9VQzCIvA49LpPN5Q==",
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">= 8"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/ws": {
-      "version": "8.17.1",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ws/-/ws-8.17.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-6XQFvXTkbfUOZOKKILFG1PDK2NDQs4azKQl26T0YS5CxqWLgXajbPZ+h4gZekJyRqFU8pvnbAbbs/3TgRPy+GQ==",
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=10.0.0"
-      },
-      "peerDependencies": {
-        "bufferutil": "^4.0.1",
-        "utf-8-validate": ">=5.0.2"
-      },
-      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
-        "bufferutil": {
-          "optional": true
-        },
-        "utf-8-validate": {
-          "optional": true
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/bridges/testing/framework/utils/generate_hex_encoded_call/package.json b/bridges/testing/framework/utils/generate_hex_encoded_call/package.json
index ecf0a2483db100e688e06da4233f036c2383b3a6..d3406c97c61ac20516dc207c12fb5f168f2a6aee 100644
--- a/bridges/testing/framework/utils/generate_hex_encoded_call/package.json
+++ b/bridges/testing/framework/utils/generate_hex_encoded_call/package.json
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   "main": "index.js",
   "license": "MIT",
   "dependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/api": "^10.11",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^12.6"
+    "@polkadot/api": "^14.0",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^13.1"
   }
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/client/consensus/aura/src/collators/lookahead.rs b/cumulus/client/consensus/aura/src/collators/lookahead.rs
index 322baaa01498cba91e13a067f0472ab57da83cdf..8ac43fbd116e5f14f9c872408cb95bf7604987cd 100644
--- a/cumulus/client/consensus/aura/src/collators/lookahead.rs
+++ b/cumulus/client/consensus/aura/src/collators/lookahead.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,9 @@ use cumulus_client_collator::service::ServiceInterface as CollatorServiceInterfa
 use cumulus_client_consensus_common::{self as consensus_common, ParachainBlockImportMarker};
 use cumulus_client_consensus_proposer::ProposerInterface;
 use cumulus_primitives_aura::AuraUnincludedSegmentApi;
-use cumulus_primitives_core::{ClaimQueueOffset, CollectCollationInfo, PersistedValidationData};
+use cumulus_primitives_core::{
+	ClaimQueueOffset, CollectCollationInfo, PersistedValidationData, DEFAULT_CLAIM_QUEUE_OFFSET,
+};
 use cumulus_relay_chain_interface::RelayChainInterface;
 
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{PoV, SubmitCollationParams};
@@ -260,8 +262,7 @@ where
 				relay_parent,
 				params.para_id,
 				&mut params.relay_client,
-				// Use depth 0, to preserve behaviour.
-				ClaimQueueOffset(0),
+				ClaimQueueOffset(DEFAULT_CLAIM_QUEUE_OFFSET),
 			)
 			.await
 			.get(0)
diff --git a/cumulus/client/relay-chain-inprocess-interface/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/client/relay-chain-inprocess-interface/src/lib.rs
index 7692dfd3a157383a14d026e28b3261502ae3234e..f29e7f3ed7c7c5eb55cbe80a2c428c112e58cd60 100644
--- a/cumulus/client/relay-chain-inprocess-interface/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/client/relay-chain-inprocess-interface/src/lib.rs
@@ -364,7 +364,6 @@ fn build_polkadot_full_node(
 			// Disable BEEFY. It should not be required by the internal relay chain node.
 			enable_beefy: false,
 			force_authoring_backoff: false,
-			jaeger_agent: None,
 			telemetry_worker_handle,
 
 			// Cumulus doesn't spawn PVF workers, so we can disable version checks.
@@ -380,6 +379,7 @@ fn build_polkadot_full_node(
 			execute_workers_max_num: None,
 			prepare_workers_hard_max_num: None,
 			prepare_workers_soft_max_num: None,
+			enable_approval_voting_parallel: false,
 		},
 	)?;
 
diff --git a/cumulus/client/service/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/client/service/src/lib.rs
index 92dc64371f34a9f147e7c5c5c2d48ff3ff4a547c..25b8ee10a931eff6a190586ec2959e4ad53a3de2 100644
--- a/cumulus/client/service/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/client/service/src/lib.rs
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ pub struct BuildNetworkParams<
 	pub net_config:
 		sc_network::config::FullNetworkConfiguration<Block, <Block as BlockT>::Hash, Network>,
 	pub client: Arc<Client>,
-	pub transaction_pool: Arc<sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, Client>>,
+	pub transaction_pool: Arc<sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, Client>>,
 	pub para_id: ParaId,
 	pub relay_chain_interface: RCInterface,
 	pub spawn_handle: SpawnTaskHandle,
diff --git a/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/Cargo.toml
index 30a232f01b3e5ca82eab239626e2255a683972ee..3cb0394c4b95431ca32a6e4e743a0598a54b8e37 100644
--- a/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/Cargo.toml
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ cumulus-primitives-proof-size-hostfunction = { workspace = true }
 [dev-dependencies]
 assert_matches = { workspace = true }
 hex-literal = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 trie-standardmap = { workspace = true }
 rand = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
@@ -122,3 +121,5 @@ try-runtime = [
 	"polkadot-runtime-parachains/try-runtime",
 	"sp-runtime/try-runtime",
 ]
+
+experimental-ump-signals = []
diff --git a/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/src/lib.rs
index 9dc41aa03d9b15d65587e243944873036a6fdd6d..98989a852b8dc5ad806564187ad93fe2d290dc83 100644
--- a/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/src/lib.rs
@@ -193,20 +193,46 @@ pub mod ump_constants {
 
 /// Trait for selecting the next core to build the candidate for.
 pub trait SelectCore {
-	fn select_core_for_child() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset);
+	/// Core selector information for the current block.
+	fn selected_core() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset);
+	/// Core selector information for the next block.
+	fn select_next_core() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset);
 }
 
 /// The default core selection policy.
 pub struct DefaultCoreSelector<T>(PhantomData<T>);
 
 impl<T: frame_system::Config> SelectCore for DefaultCoreSelector<T> {
-	fn select_core_for_child() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset) {
+	fn selected_core() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset) {
+		let core_selector: U256 = frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number().into();
+
+		(CoreSelector(core_selector.byte(0)), ClaimQueueOffset(DEFAULT_CLAIM_QUEUE_OFFSET))
+	}
+
+	fn select_next_core() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset) {
 		let core_selector: U256 = (frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number() + One::one()).into();
 
 		(CoreSelector(core_selector.byte(0)), ClaimQueueOffset(DEFAULT_CLAIM_QUEUE_OFFSET))
 	}
 }
 
+/// Core selection policy that builds on claim queue offset 1.
+pub struct LookaheadCoreSelector<T>(PhantomData<T>);
+
+impl<T: frame_system::Config> SelectCore for LookaheadCoreSelector<T> {
+	fn selected_core() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset) {
+		let core_selector: U256 = frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number().into();
+
+		(CoreSelector(core_selector.byte(0)), ClaimQueueOffset(1))
+	}
+
+	fn select_next_core() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset) {
+		let core_selector: U256 = (frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number() + One::one()).into();
+
+		(CoreSelector(core_selector.byte(0)), ClaimQueueOffset(1))
+	}
+}
+
 #[frame_support::pallet]
 pub mod pallet {
 	use super::*;
@@ -365,6 +391,11 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				UpwardMessages::<T>::put(&up[..num as usize]);
 				*up = up.split_off(num as usize);
 
+				// Send the core selector UMP signal. This is experimental until relay chain
+				// validators are upgraded to handle ump signals.
+				#[cfg(feature = "experimental-ump-signals")]
+				Self::send_ump_signal();
+
 				// If the total size of the pending messages is less than the threshold,
 				// we decrease the fee factor, since the queue is less congested.
 				// This makes delivery of new messages cheaper.
@@ -390,7 +421,8 @@ pub mod pallet {
 
 			let maximum_channels = host_config
 				.hrmp_max_message_num_per_candidate
-				.min(<AnnouncedHrmpMessagesPerCandidate<T>>::take()) as usize;
+				.min(<AnnouncedHrmpMessagesPerCandidate<T>>::take())
+				as usize;
 
 			// Note: this internally calls the `GetChannelInfo` implementation for this
 			// pallet, which draws on the `RelevantMessagingState`. That in turn has
@@ -1396,9 +1428,9 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		}
 	}
 
-	/// Returns the core selector.
+	/// Returns the core selector for the next block.
 	pub fn core_selector() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset) {
-		T::SelectCore::select_core_for_child()
+		T::SelectCore::select_next_core()
 	}
 
 	/// Set a custom head data that should be returned as result of `validate_block`.
@@ -1417,6 +1449,20 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		CustomValidationHeadData::<T>::put(head_data);
 	}
 
+	/// Send the ump signals
+	#[cfg(feature = "experimental-ump-signals")]
+	fn send_ump_signal() {
+		use cumulus_primitives_core::relay_chain::vstaging::{UMPSignal, UMP_SEPARATOR};
+
+		UpwardMessages::<T>::mutate(|up| {
+			up.push(UMP_SEPARATOR);
+
+			// Send the core selector signal.
+			let core_selector = T::SelectCore::selected_core();
+			up.push(UMPSignal::SelectCore(core_selector.0, core_selector.1).encode());
+		});
+	}
+
 	/// Open HRMP channel for using it in benchmarks or tests.
 	///
 	/// The caller assumes that the pallet will accept regular outbound message to the sibling
@@ -1581,7 +1627,11 @@ impl<T: Config> InspectMessageQueues for Pallet<T> {
 			.map(|encoded_message| VersionedXcm::<()>::decode(&mut &encoded_message[..]).unwrap())
 			.collect();
 
-		vec![(VersionedLocation::V4(Parent.into()), messages)]
+		if messages.is_empty() {
+			vec![]
+		} else {
+			vec![(VersionedLocation::from(Location::parent()), messages)]
+		}
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/src/tests.rs b/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/src/tests.rs
index 548231966e420f2c8a00642042657257e20f085d..23223627ebca2cf7bc197459bff9391edc7d4fd3 100755
--- a/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/src/tests.rs
+++ b/cumulus/pallets/parachain-system/src/tests.rs
@@ -754,12 +754,8 @@ fn message_queue_chain() {
 #[test]
 #[cfg(not(feature = "runtime-benchmarks"))]
 fn receive_dmp() {
-	lazy_static::lazy_static! {
-		static ref MSG: InboundDownwardMessage = InboundDownwardMessage {
-			sent_at: 1,
-			msg: b"down".to_vec(),
-		};
-	}
+	static MSG: std::sync::LazyLock<InboundDownwardMessage> =
+		std::sync::LazyLock::new(|| InboundDownwardMessage { sent_at: 1, msg: b"down".to_vec() });
 
 	BlockTests::new()
 		.with_relay_sproof_builder(|_, relay_block_num, sproof| match relay_block_num {
@@ -771,14 +767,14 @@ fn receive_dmp() {
 		})
 		.with_inherent_data(|_, relay_block_num, data| match relay_block_num {
 			1 => {
-				data.downward_messages.push(MSG.clone());
+				data.downward_messages.push((*MSG).clone());
 			},
 			_ => unreachable!(),
 		})
 		.add(1, || {
 			HANDLED_DMP_MESSAGES.with(|m| {
 				let mut m = m.borrow_mut();
-				assert_eq!(&*m, &[(MSG.msg.clone())]);
+				assert_eq!(&*m, &[MSG.msg.clone()]);
 				m.clear();
 			});
 		});
diff --git a/cumulus/pallets/xcmp-queue/src/mock.rs b/cumulus/pallets/xcmp-queue/src/mock.rs
index 470e00fe94e199167fb63826573c50417d90d92f..3964ecf28cac62e06e6c75916dc24c6f34aa4c20 100644
--- a/cumulus/pallets/xcmp-queue/src/mock.rs
+++ b/cumulus/pallets/xcmp-queue/src/mock.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::AnyRelayNumber;
 use cumulus_primitives_core::{ChannelInfo, IsSystem, ParaId};
 use frame_support::{
 	derive_impl, parameter_types,
-	traits::{ConstU32, Everything, Nothing, OriginTrait},
+	traits::{ConstU32, Everything, OriginTrait},
 	BoundedSlice,
 };
 use frame_system::EnsureRoot;
@@ -30,10 +30,6 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 	BuildStorage,
 };
 use xcm::prelude::*;
-use xcm_builder::{
-	FixedWeightBounds, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, IsConcrete, NativeAsset,
-	ParentIsPreset,
-};
 use xcm_executor::traits::ConvertOrigin;
 
 type Block = frame_system::mocking::MockBlock<Test>;
@@ -119,61 +115,6 @@ parameter_types! {
 	pub const MaxAssetsIntoHolding: u32 = 64;
 }
 
-/// Means for transacting assets on this chain.
-pub type LocalAssetTransactor = FungibleAdapter<
-	// Use this currency:
-	Balances,
-	// Use this currency when it is a fungible asset matching the given location or name:
-	IsConcrete<RelayChain>,
-	// Do a simple punn to convert an AccountId32 Location into a native chain account ID:
-	LocationToAccountId,
-	// Our chain's account ID type (we can't get away without mentioning it explicitly):
-	AccountId,
-	// We don't track any teleports.
-	(),
->;
-
-pub type LocationToAccountId = (ParentIsPreset<AccountId>,);
-
-pub struct XcmConfig;
-impl xcm_executor::Config for XcmConfig {
-	type RuntimeCall = RuntimeCall;
-	type XcmSender = XcmRouter;
-	// How to withdraw and deposit an asset.
-	type AssetTransactor = LocalAssetTransactor;
-	type OriginConverter = ();
-	type IsReserve = NativeAsset;
-	type IsTeleporter = NativeAsset;
-	type UniversalLocation = UniversalLocation;
-	type Barrier = ();
-	type Weigher = FixedWeightBounds<UnitWeightCost, RuntimeCall, MaxInstructions>;
-	type Trader = ();
-	type ResponseHandler = ();
-	type AssetTrap = ();
-	type AssetClaims = ();
-	type SubscriptionService = ();
-	type PalletInstancesInfo = AllPalletsWithSystem;
-	type MaxAssetsIntoHolding = MaxAssetsIntoHolding;
-	type AssetLocker = ();
-	type AssetExchanger = ();
-	type FeeManager = ();
-	type MessageExporter = ();
-	type UniversalAliases = Nothing;
-	type CallDispatcher = RuntimeCall;
-	type SafeCallFilter = Everything;
-	type Aliasers = Nothing;
-	type TransactionalProcessor = FrameTransactionalProcessor;
-	type HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestHandler = ();
-	type HrmpChannelAcceptedHandler = ();
-	type HrmpChannelClosingHandler = ();
-	type XcmRecorder = ();
-}
-
-pub type XcmRouter = (
-	// XCMP to communicate with the sibling chains.
-	XcmpQueue,
-);
-
 pub struct SystemParachainAsSuperuser<RuntimeOrigin>(PhantomData<RuntimeOrigin>);
 impl<RuntimeOrigin: OriginTrait> ConvertOrigin<RuntimeOrigin>
 	for SystemParachainAsSuperuser<RuntimeOrigin>
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/coretime-polkadot.json b/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/coretime-polkadot.json
index 806231db764671eeeddc50219962108856acd492..e4f947d2afc953eeb6c4607c8b17ae8ecfc9e01b 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/coretime-polkadot.json
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/coretime-polkadot.json
@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@
     "/dns4/coretime-polkadot.boot.stake.plus/tcp/30332/wss/p2p/12D3KooWFJ2yBTKFKYwgKUjfY3F7XfaxHV8hY6fbJu5oMkpP7wZ9",
     "/dns4/coretime-polkadot.boot.stake.plus/tcp/31332/wss/p2p/12D3KooWCy5pToLafcQzPHn5kadxAftmF6Eh8ZJGPXhSeXSUDfjv",
     "/dns/coretime-polkadot-boot-ng.dwellir.com/tcp/443/wss/p2p/12D3KooWGpmytHjdthrkKgkXDZyKm9ABtJ2PtGk9NStJDG4pChy9",
-    "/dns/coretime-polkadot-boot-ng.dwellir.com/tcp/30361/p2p/12D3KooWGpmytHjdthrkKgkXDZyKm9ABtJ2PtGk9NStJDG4pChy9"
+    "/dns/coretime-polkadot-boot-ng.dwellir.com/tcp/30361/p2p/12D3KooWGpmytHjdthrkKgkXDZyKm9ABtJ2PtGk9NStJDG4pChy9",
+    "/dns/coretime-polkadot-bootnode.radiumblock.com/tcp/30333/p2p/12D3KooWFsQphSqvqjVyKcEdR1D7LPcXHqjmy6ASuJrTr5isk9JU",
+    "/dns/coretime-polkadot-bootnode.radiumblock.com/tcp/30336/wss/p2p/12D3KooWFsQphSqvqjVyKcEdR1D7LPcXHqjmy6ASuJrTr5isk9JU"
   ],
   "telemetryEndpoints": null,
   "protocolId": null,
@@ -91,4 +93,4 @@
       "childrenDefault": {}
     }
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/people-polkadot.json b/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/people-polkadot.json
index 6e30829eab49a10434a0191852267623c3cfc199..083c0fbf44a4ac6272dca80b80982532c976334b 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/people-polkadot.json
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/people-polkadot.json
@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@
     "/dns/polkadot-people-connect-0.polkadot.io/tcp/30334/p2p/12D3KooWP7BoJ7nAF9QnsreN8Eft1yHNUhvhxFiQyKFEUePi9mu3",
     "/dns/polkadot-people-connect-1.polkadot.io/tcp/30334/p2p/12D3KooWSSfWY3fTGJvGkuNUNBSNVCdLLNJnwkZSNQt7GCRYXu4o",
     "/dns/polkadot-people-connect-0.polkadot.io/tcp/443/wss/p2p/12D3KooWP7BoJ7nAF9QnsreN8Eft1yHNUhvhxFiQyKFEUePi9mu3",
-    "/dns/polkadot-people-connect-1.polkadot.io/tcp/443/wss/p2p/12D3KooWSSfWY3fTGJvGkuNUNBSNVCdLLNJnwkZSNQt7GCRYXu4o"
+    "/dns/polkadot-people-connect-1.polkadot.io/tcp/443/wss/p2p/12D3KooWSSfWY3fTGJvGkuNUNBSNVCdLLNJnwkZSNQt7GCRYXu4o",
+    "/dns/people-polkadot-boot-ng.dwellir.com/tcp/443/wss/p2p/12D3KooWKMYu1L28TkDf1ooMW8D8PHcztLnjV3bausH9eiVTRUYN",
+    "/dns/people-polkadot-boot-ng.dwellir.com/tcp/30346/p2p/12D3KooWKMYu1L28TkDf1ooMW8D8PHcztLnjV3bausH9eiVTRUYN"
   ],
   "telemetryEndpoints": null,
   "protocolId": null,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/shell-head-data b/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/shell-head-data
deleted file mode 100644
index 032a8c73e9398efe90b8e16dc2e96af0288a2041..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/shell-head-data
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000c1ef26b567de07159e4ecd415fbbb0340c56a09c4d72c82516d0f3bc2b782c8003170a2e7597b7b7e3d84c05391d139a62b157e78786d8c082f29dcf4c11131400
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/shell.json b/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/shell.json
deleted file mode 100644
index a02734316d32586bf1293f15eb1caabdf958ac41..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/parachains/chain-specs/shell.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "Shell",
-  "id": "shell",
-  "chainType": "Live",
-  "bootNodes": [
-    "/ip4/34.65.116.156/tcp/30334/p2p/12D3KooWMdwvej593sntpXcxpUaFcsjc1EpCr5CL1JMoKmEhgj1N",
-    "/ip4/34.65.105.127/tcp/30334/p2p/12D3KooWRywSWa2sQpcRuLhSeNSEs6bepLGgcdxFg8P7jtXRuiYf",
-    "/ip4/34.65.142.204/tcp/30334/p2p/12D3KooWDGnPd5PzgvcbSwXsCBN3kb1dWbu58sy6R7h4fJGnZtq5",
-    "/ip4/34.65.32.100/tcp/30334/p2p/12D3KooWSzHX7A3t6BwUQrq8R9ZVWLrfyYgkYLfpKMcRs14oFSgc"
-  ],
-  "telemetryEndpoints": null,
-  "protocolId": null,
-  "properties": null,
-  "relay_chain": "polkadot",
-  "para_id": 1000,
-  "consensusEngine": null,
-  "codeSubstitutes": {},
-  "genesis": {
-    "raw": {
-      "top": {
-        "0x0d715f2646c8f85767b5d2764bb278264e7b9012096b41c4eb3aaf947f6ea429": "0x0000",
-        "0x0d715f2646c8f85767b5d2764bb2782604a74d81251e398fd8a0a4d55023bb3f": "0xe8030000",
-        "0x26aa394eea5630e07c48ae0c9558cef75684a022a34dd8bfa2baaf44f172b710": "0x01",
-        "0x45323df7cc47150b3930e2666b0aa3134e7b9012096b41c4eb3aaf947f6ea429": "0x0000",
-        "0x26aa394eea5630e07c48ae0c9558cef78a42f33323cb5ced3b44dd825fda9fcc": "0x4545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545",
-        "0x26aa394eea5630e07c48ae0c9558cef7a44704b568d21667356a5a050c118746b4def25cfda6ef3a00000000": "0x4545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545",
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",
-        "0x3a65787472696e7369635f696e646578": "0x00000000",
-        "0x3a63": "0x",
-        "0x26aa394eea5630e07c48ae0c9558cef7a7fd6c28836b9a28522dc924110cf439": "0x01",
-        "0x26aa394eea5630e07c48ae0c9558cef74e7b9012096b41c4eb3aaf947f6ea429": "0x0000"
-      },
-      "childrenDefault": {}
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/common/src/genesis_config_helpers.rs b/cumulus/parachains/common/src/genesis_config_helpers.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index cd98c3a729d26cc4c7a7895995e5a479bf418ebd..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/parachains/common/src/genesis_config_helpers.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-//! Some common helpers for declaring runtime's presets
-
-use crate::{AccountId, Signature};
-#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
-use alloc::format;
-use sp_core::{Pair, Public};
-use sp_runtime::traits::{IdentifyAccount, Verify};
-
-/// Helper function to generate a crypto pair from seed.
-pub fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{seed}"), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
-type AccountPublic = <Signature as Verify>::Signer;
-
-/// Helper function to generate an account id from seed.
-pub fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
-
-/// Generate collator keys from seed.
-///
-/// This function's return type must always match the session keys of the chain in tuple format.
-pub fn get_collator_keys_from_seed<AuraId: Public>(seed: &str) -> <AuraId::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	get_from_seed::<AuraId>(seed)
-}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/common/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/common/src/lib.rs
index 60040fda9928a0a7efcba3192fbccddab80cdab4..3cffb69daac3fae6d5729a985489433f442bf22c 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/common/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/common/src/lib.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 
 extern crate alloc;
 
-pub mod genesis_config_helpers;
 pub mod impls;
 pub mod message_queue;
 pub mod xcm_config;
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
index 51ce5b18005681d0bff517691f31e2489a7eeb67..25796e7d64b4575163a51de1a548b7d1987f88de 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ workspace = true
 
 # Substrate
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 frame-support = { workspace = true }
 
 # Cumulus
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/genesis.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/genesis.rs
index 5b70ed490c633b7d78558e72762fb60a2f7d0635..606d04060b6b4548b5bc3660c36d05448419e36a 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/genesis.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/genesis.rs
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@
 
 // Substrate
 use frame_support::parameter_types;
-use sp_core::{sr25519, storage::Storage};
+use sp_core::storage::Storage;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring as Keyring;
 
 // Cumulus
 use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
-	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, get_account_id_from_seed,
-	PenpalSiblingSovereignAccount, PenpalTeleportableAssetLocation, RESERVABLE_ASSET_ID,
-	SAFE_XCM_VERSION, USDT_ID,
+	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, PenpalSiblingSovereignAccount,
+	PenpalTeleportableAssetLocation, RESERVABLE_ASSET_ID, SAFE_XCM_VERSION, USDT_ID,
 };
 use parachains_common::{AccountId, Balance};
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ pub const PARA_ID: u32 = 1000;
 pub const ED: Balance = testnet_parachains_constants::rococo::currency::EXISTENTIAL_DEPOSIT;
 
 parameter_types! {
-	pub AssetHubRococoAssetOwner: AccountId = get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice");
+	pub AssetHubRococoAssetOwner: AccountId = Keyring::Alice.to_account_id();
 }
 
 pub fn genesis() -> Storage {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
index d32f983217069ee346feb2cdb2251e770174e3fd..8e423ebbf9c27d19cdf317542b82eb5ccd53bc30 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ workspace = true
 
 # Substrate
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 frame-support = { workspace = true }
 
 # Cumulus
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/genesis.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/genesis.rs
index a9cfcda0dacdd3afa0cadc19f80e2805e245f172..30e7279a383f457fe9e27a2ec0bf96b9d9e5d03f 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/genesis.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/genesis.rs
@@ -15,14 +15,14 @@
 
 // Substrate
 use frame_support::parameter_types;
-use sp_core::{sr25519, storage::Storage};
+use sp_core::storage::Storage;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring as Keyring;
 
 // Cumulus
 use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
-	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, get_account_id_from_seed,
-	PenpalBSiblingSovereignAccount, PenpalBTeleportableAssetLocation,
-	PenpalSiblingSovereignAccount, PenpalTeleportableAssetLocation, RESERVABLE_ASSET_ID,
-	SAFE_XCM_VERSION, USDT_ID,
+	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, PenpalBSiblingSovereignAccount,
+	PenpalBTeleportableAssetLocation, PenpalSiblingSovereignAccount,
+	PenpalTeleportableAssetLocation, RESERVABLE_ASSET_ID, SAFE_XCM_VERSION, USDT_ID,
 };
 use parachains_common::{AccountId, Balance};
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pub const ED: Balance = testnet_parachains_constants::westend::currency::EXISTEN
 pub const USDT_ED: Balance = 70_000;
 
 parameter_types! {
-	pub AssetHubWestendAssetOwner: AccountId = get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice");
+	pub AssetHubWestendAssetOwner: AccountId = Keyring::Alice.to_account_id();
 }
 
 pub fn genesis() -> Storage {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
index f3c0799ad0f6acf14b3e99d4e27e46921c4e9cb9..231265085edad1f411c842b8ef28debaa4d07842 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,8 +14,15 @@ workspace = true
 
 # Substrate
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 frame-support = { workspace = true }
 
+# Polkadot Dependencies
+xcm = { workspace = true }
+
+# Bridge dependencies
+bp-messages = { workspace = true }
+
 # Cumulus
 parachains-common = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 emulated-integration-tests-common = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/genesis.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/genesis.rs
index 3786d529ea6502988f92c18955722a7a0f9ebded..0268a6a7a1b30e8b045335514fcd34972ada0411 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/genesis.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/genesis.rs
@@ -14,13 +14,15 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 // Substrate
-use sp_core::{sr25519, storage::Storage};
+use sp_core::storage::Storage;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring as Keyring;
 
 // Cumulus
 use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
-	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, get_account_id_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
+	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
 };
 use parachains_common::Balance;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 
 pub const ASSETHUB_PARA_ID: u32 = 1000;
 pub const PARA_ID: u32 = 1013;
@@ -59,11 +61,22 @@ pub fn genesis() -> Storage {
 			..Default::default()
 		},
 		bridge_westend_grandpa: bridge_hub_rococo_runtime::BridgeWestendGrandpaConfig {
-			owner: Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(accounts::BOB)),
+			owner: Some(Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()),
 			..Default::default()
 		},
 		bridge_westend_messages: bridge_hub_rococo_runtime::BridgeWestendMessagesConfig {
-			owner: Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(accounts::BOB)),
+			owner: Some(Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()),
+			..Default::default()
+		},
+		xcm_over_bridge_hub_westend: bridge_hub_rococo_runtime::XcmOverBridgeHubWestendConfig {
+			opened_bridges: vec![
+				// open AHR -> AHW bridge
+				(
+					Location::new(1, [Parachain(1000)]),
+					Junctions::from([Westend.into(), Parachain(1000)]),
+					Some(bp_messages::LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2])),
+				),
+			],
 			..Default::default()
 		},
 		ethereum_system: bridge_hub_rococo_runtime::EthereumSystemConfig {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
index ebcec9641e7d9f122f5b6737769bc140d9c877a5..8292e132809c446d0cf1c50ece00699a48f58b14 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,8 +14,15 @@ workspace = true
 
 # Substrate
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 frame-support = { workspace = true }
 
+# Polkadot Dependencies
+xcm = { workspace = true }
+
+# Bridge dependencies
+bp-messages = { workspace = true }
+
 # Cumulus
 parachains-common = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 emulated-integration-tests-common = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/genesis.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/genesis.rs
index f38f385db65068928b0f83de4cdef998813c0dba..f72eaa30026db442b8b338cf04a5de314e91fd96 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/genesis.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/genesis.rs
@@ -14,13 +14,15 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 // Substrate
-use sp_core::{sr25519, storage::Storage};
+use sp_core::storage::Storage;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring as Keyring;
 
 // Cumulus
 use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
-	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, get_account_id_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
+	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
 };
 use parachains_common::Balance;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 
 pub const PARA_ID: u32 = 1002;
 pub const ASSETHUB_PARA_ID: u32 = 1000;
@@ -59,11 +61,22 @@ pub fn genesis() -> Storage {
 			..Default::default()
 		},
 		bridge_rococo_grandpa: bridge_hub_westend_runtime::BridgeRococoGrandpaConfig {
-			owner: Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(accounts::BOB)),
+			owner: Some(Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()),
 			..Default::default()
 		},
 		bridge_rococo_messages: bridge_hub_westend_runtime::BridgeRococoMessagesConfig {
-			owner: Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(accounts::BOB)),
+			owner: Some(Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()),
+			..Default::default()
+		},
+		xcm_over_bridge_hub_rococo: bridge_hub_westend_runtime::XcmOverBridgeHubRococoConfig {
+			opened_bridges: vec![
+				// open AHW -> AHR bridge
+				(
+					Location::new(1, [Parachain(1000)]),
+					Junctions::from([Rococo.into(), Parachain(1000)]),
+					Some(bp_messages::LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2])),
+				),
+			],
 			..Default::default()
 		},
 		ethereum_system: bridge_hub_westend_runtime::EthereumSystemConfig {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/testing/penpal/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/testing/penpal/Cargo.toml
index 9e6b14b585984d9b384f835f1b51f8a3e2e658a8..743cd7dc54a2800a215e70cc204251975534e1c1 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/testing/penpal/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/testing/penpal/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ workspace = true
 
 # Substrate
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 frame-support = { workspace = true }
 
 # Polkadot
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/testing/penpal/src/genesis.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/testing/penpal/src/genesis.rs
index 2c34b7e96f5eac92830d7288eeacbf82f86fc292..63510d233d2c48d3af107b899a2aa18cb5057710 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/testing/penpal/src/genesis.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/parachains/testing/penpal/src/genesis.rs
@@ -15,11 +15,12 @@
 
 // Substrate
 use frame_support::parameter_types;
-use sp_core::{sr25519, storage::Storage};
+use sp_core::storage::Storage;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring as Keyring;
 
 // Cumulus
 use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
-	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, get_account_id_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
+	accounts, build_genesis_storage, collators, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
 };
 use parachains_common::{AccountId, Balance};
 use penpal_runtime::xcm_config::{LocalReservableFromAssetHub, RelayLocation, UsdtFromAssetHub};
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ pub const ED: Balance = penpal_runtime::EXISTENTIAL_DEPOSIT;
 pub const USDT_ED: Balance = 70_000;
 
 parameter_types! {
-	pub PenpalSudoAccount: AccountId = get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice");
+	pub PenpalSudoAccount: AccountId = Keyring::Alice.to_account_id();
 	pub PenpalAssetOwner: AccountId = PenpalSudoAccount::get();
 }
 
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo/Cargo.toml
index 9376687947e6c3683d5c1c58fdaf77452fd01449..6db1263df8c73821c65882022b7e7afc413eb0d2 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ workspace = true
 
 # Substrate
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-authority-discovery = { workspace = true }
 sp-consensus-babe = { workspace = true }
 sp-consensus-beefy = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo/src/genesis.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo/src/genesis.rs
index 9cb25b403600f7b8318b6d1ab41129a66107f0ac..3d8b5b1a500f26f72d25ecc6d6ad1ff2805ff181 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo/src/genesis.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/chains/relays/rococo/src/genesis.rs
@@ -18,14 +18,15 @@ use sc_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId as GrandpaId;
 use sp_authority_discovery::AuthorityId as AuthorityDiscoveryId;
 use sp_consensus_babe::AuthorityId as BabeId;
 use sp_consensus_beefy::ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId as BeefyId;
-use sp_core::{sr25519, storage::Storage};
+use sp_core::storage::Storage;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring as Keyring;
 
 // Polkadot
 use polkadot_primitives::{AssignmentId, ValidatorId};
 
 // Cumulus
 use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
-	accounts, build_genesis_storage, get_account_id_from_seed, get_host_config, validators,
+	accounts, build_genesis_storage, get_host_config, validators,
 };
 use parachains_common::Balance;
 use rococo_runtime_constants::currency::UNITS as ROC;
@@ -82,9 +83,7 @@ pub fn genesis() -> Storage {
 			epoch_config: rococo_runtime::BABE_GENESIS_EPOCH_CONFIG,
 			..Default::default()
 		},
-		sudo: rococo_runtime::SudoConfig {
-			key: Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice")),
-		},
+		sudo: rococo_runtime::SudoConfig { key: Some(Keyring::Alice.to_account_id()) },
 		configuration: rococo_runtime::ConfigurationConfig { config: get_host_config() },
 		registrar: rococo_runtime::RegistrarConfig {
 			next_free_para_id: polkadot_primitives::LOWEST_PUBLIC_ID,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/Cargo.toml
index 981ee5c88b4e28e57b4ff9c8361ca64432305471..23edaf6bfe655e560f045c15955d5265e95ae977 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/Cargo.toml
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ sp-runtime = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 frame-support = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-consensus-babe = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 pallet-assets = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 pallet-balances = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 pallet-message-queue = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/impls.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/impls.rs
index 559a16379bb410150cbf569bfa60a4e99be45cb2..c0d42cf2758e9431c87e4187eb42b9ab703f7f54 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/impls.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/impls.rs
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ pub use xcm_emulator::{
 // Bridges
 use bp_messages::{
 	target_chain::{DispatchMessage, DispatchMessageData, MessageDispatch},
-	LaneId, MessageKey, OutboundLaneData,
+	MessageKey, OutboundLaneData,
 };
 pub use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::XcmBridgeHubCall;
-use pallet_bridge_messages::{Config as BridgeMessagesConfig, OutboundLanes, Pallet};
+use pallet_bridge_messages::{Config as BridgeMessagesConfig, LaneIdOf, OutboundLanes, Pallet};
 pub use pallet_bridge_messages::{
 	Instance1 as BridgeMessagesInstance1, Instance2 as BridgeMessagesInstance2,
 	Instance3 as BridgeMessagesInstance3,
@@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ pub struct BridgeHubMessageHandler<S, SI, T, TI> {
 	_marker: std::marker::PhantomData<(S, SI, T, TI)>,
 }
 
-struct LaneIdWrapper(LaneId);
-impl From<LaneIdWrapper> for BridgeLaneId {
-	fn from(lane_id: LaneIdWrapper) -> BridgeLaneId {
+struct LaneIdWrapper<LaneId>(LaneId);
+impl<LaneId: Encode> From<LaneIdWrapper<LaneId>> for BridgeLaneId {
+	fn from(lane_id: LaneIdWrapper<LaneId>) -> BridgeLaneId {
 		lane_id.0.encode()
 	}
 }
-impl From<BridgeLaneId> for LaneIdWrapper {
-	fn from(id: BridgeLaneId) -> LaneIdWrapper {
+impl<LaneId: Decode> From<BridgeLaneId> for LaneIdWrapper<LaneId> {
+	fn from(id: BridgeLaneId) -> LaneIdWrapper<LaneId> {
 		LaneIdWrapper(LaneId::decode(&mut &id[..]).expect("decodable"))
 	}
 }
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ where
 	}
 
 	fn notify_source_message_delivery(lane_id: BridgeLaneId) {
-		let lane_id = LaneIdWrapper::from(lane_id).0;
+		let lane_id: LaneIdOf<S, SI> = LaneIdWrapper::from(lane_id).0;
 		let data = OutboundLanes::<S, SI>::get(lane_id).unwrap();
 		let new_data = OutboundLaneData {
 			oldest_unpruned_nonce: data.oldest_unpruned_nonce + 1,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/lib.rs
index c6b8889730e51da2c5ec6891d7005c0dbfe3d31e..07fde111d3dc9df67e79c7a11499059e3a5dc33b 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/lib.rs
@@ -25,11 +25,9 @@ use sc_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId as GrandpaId;
 use sp_authority_discovery::AuthorityId as AuthorityDiscoveryId;
 use sp_consensus_babe::AuthorityId as BabeId;
 use sp_consensus_beefy::ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId as BeefyId;
-use sp_core::{sr25519, storage::Storage, Pair, Public};
-use sp_runtime::{
-	traits::{AccountIdConversion, IdentifyAccount, Verify},
-	BuildStorage, MultiSignature,
-};
+use sp_core::storage::Storage;
+use sp_keyring::{Ed25519Keyring, Sr25519Keyring};
+use sp_runtime::{traits::AccountIdConversion, BuildStorage};
 
 // Polakdot
 use parachains_common::BlockNumber;
@@ -49,8 +47,6 @@ pub const PROOF_SIZE_THRESHOLD: u64 = 33;
 /// The default XCM version to set in genesis config.
 pub const SAFE_XCM_VERSION: u32 = xcm::prelude::XCM_VERSION;
 
-type AccountPublic = <MultiSignature as Verify>::Signer;
-
 // (trust-backed) Asset registered on AH and reserve-transferred between Parachain and AH
 pub const RESERVABLE_ASSET_ID: u32 = 1;
 // ForeignAsset registered on AH and teleported between Penpal and AH
@@ -82,21 +78,6 @@ parameter_types! {
 	pub PenpalBSiblingSovereignAccount: AccountId = Sibling::from(PENPAL_B_ID).into_account_truncating();
 }
 
-/// Helper function to generate a crypto pair from seed
-pub fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
-/// Helper function to generate an account ID from seed.
-pub fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
-
 pub fn get_host_config() -> HostConfiguration<BlockNumber> {
 	HostConfiguration {
 		max_upward_queue_count: 10,
@@ -130,34 +111,10 @@ pub mod accounts {
 	use super::*;
 	pub const ALICE: &str = "Alice";
 	pub const BOB: &str = "Bob";
-	pub const CHARLIE: &str = "Charlie";
-	pub const DAVE: &str = "Dave";
-	pub const EVE: &str = "Eve";
-	pub const FERDIE: &str = "Ferdie";
-	pub const ALICE_STASH: &str = "Alice//stash";
-	pub const BOB_STASH: &str = "Bob//stash";
-	pub const CHARLIE_STASH: &str = "Charlie//stash";
-	pub const DAVE_STASH: &str = "Dave//stash";
-	pub const EVE_STASH: &str = "Eve//stash";
-	pub const FERDIE_STASH: &str = "Ferdie//stash";
-	pub const FERDIE_BEEFY: &str = "Ferdie//stash";
 	pub const DUMMY_EMPTY: &str = "JohnDoe";
 
 	pub fn init_balances() -> Vec<AccountId> {
-		vec![
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(ALICE),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(BOB),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(CHARLIE),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(DAVE),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(EVE),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(FERDIE),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(ALICE_STASH),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(BOB_STASH),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(CHARLIE_STASH),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(DAVE_STASH),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(EVE_STASH),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(FERDIE_STASH),
-		]
+		Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect()
 	}
 }
 
@@ -166,16 +123,15 @@ pub mod collators {
 
 	pub fn invulnerables() -> Vec<(AccountId, AuraId)> {
 		vec![
-			(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			),
-			(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"), get_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob")),
+			(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+			(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 		]
 	}
 }
 
 pub mod validators {
+	use sp_consensus_beefy::test_utils::Keyring;
+
 	use super::*;
 
 	pub fn initial_authorities() -> Vec<(
@@ -188,16 +144,15 @@ pub mod validators {
 		AuthorityDiscoveryId,
 		BeefyId,
 	)> {
-		let seed = "Alice";
 		vec![(
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed),
-			get_from_seed::<BabeId>(seed),
-			get_from_seed::<GrandpaId>(seed),
-			get_from_seed::<ValidatorId>(seed),
-			get_from_seed::<AssignmentId>(seed),
-			get_from_seed::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
-			get_from_seed::<BeefyId>(seed),
+			Sr25519Keyring::AliceStash.to_account_id(),
+			Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+			BabeId::from(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public()),
+			GrandpaId::from(Ed25519Keyring::Alice.public()),
+			ValidatorId::from(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public()),
+			AssignmentId::from(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public()),
+			AuthorityDiscoveryId::from(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public()),
+			BeefyId::from(Keyring::<BeefyId>::Alice.public()),
 		)]
 	}
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/macros.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/macros.rs
index 578bca84ce5a54df1973803888e9d9d8d1cfe511..68926b04bfe6d8c86396ede5dce0dbd8d8b4396b 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/macros.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/common/src/macros.rs
@@ -403,3 +403,51 @@ macro_rules! test_chain_can_claim_assets {
 		}
 	};
 }
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! test_dry_run_transfer_across_pk_bridge {
+	( $sender_asset_hub:ty, $sender_bridge_hub:ty, $destination:expr ) => {
+		$crate::macros::paste::paste! {
+			use frame_support::{dispatch::RawOrigin, traits::fungible};
+			use sp_runtime::AccountId32;
+			use xcm::prelude::*;
+			use xcm_runtime_apis::dry_run::runtime_decl_for_dry_run_api::DryRunApiV1;
+
+			let who = AccountId32::new([1u8; 32]);
+			let transfer_amount = 10_000_000_000_000u128;
+			let initial_balance = transfer_amount * 10;
+
+			// Bridge setup.
+			$sender_asset_hub::force_xcm_version($destination, XCM_VERSION);
+			open_bridge_between_asset_hub_rococo_and_asset_hub_westend();
+
+			<$sender_asset_hub as TestExt>::execute_with(|| {
+				type Runtime = <$sender_asset_hub as Chain>::Runtime;
+				type RuntimeCall = <$sender_asset_hub as Chain>::RuntimeCall;
+				type OriginCaller = <$sender_asset_hub as Chain>::OriginCaller;
+				type Balances = <$sender_asset_hub as [<$sender_asset_hub Pallet>]>::Balances;
+
+				// Give some initial funds.
+				<Balances as fungible::Mutate<_>>::set_balance(&who, initial_balance);
+
+				let call = RuntimeCall::PolkadotXcm(pallet_xcm::Call::transfer_assets {
+					dest: Box::new(VersionedLocation::from($destination)),
+					beneficiary: Box::new(VersionedLocation::from(Junction::AccountId32 {
+						id: who.clone().into(),
+						network: None,
+					})),
+					assets: Box::new(VersionedAssets::from(vec![
+						(Parent, transfer_amount).into(),
+					])),
+					fee_asset_item: 0,
+					weight_limit: Unlimited,
+				});
+				let result = Runtime::dry_run_call(OriginCaller::system(RawOrigin::Signed(who)), call).unwrap();
+				// We assert the dry run succeeds and sends only one message to the local bridge hub.
+				assert!(result.execution_result.is_ok());
+				assert_eq!(result.forwarded_xcms.len(), 1);
+				assert_eq!(result.forwarded_xcms[0].0, VersionedLocation::from(Location::new(1, [Parachain($sender_bridge_hub::para_id().into())])));
+			});
+		}
+	};
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
index f66a5f1d5fe7e0dc0aaee8325a9717e25e9f1068..3d40db6b03ab5e172a9885bde1325bf614c34b19 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ assert_matches = { workspace = true }
 
 # Substrate
 sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
+sp-core = { workspace = true }
 frame-support = { workspace = true }
 pallet-balances = { workspace = true }
 pallet-assets = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
index f4fe1478f3ed1c4642d493a0e6ff17b98987dac9..12f440fdefee130bd7a0fe030c49991ea8ce5458 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ mod imports {
 	pub use asset_test_utils::xcm_helpers;
 	pub use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
 		accounts::DUMMY_EMPTY,
-		get_account_id_from_seed, test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter,
-		test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter_for_relay, test_relay_is_trusted_teleporter,
+		test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter, test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter_for_relay,
+		test_relay_is_trusted_teleporter,
 		xcm_emulator::{
 			assert_expected_events, bx, Chain, Parachain as Para, RelayChain as Relay, Test,
 			TestArgs, TestContext, TestExt,
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ mod imports {
 	pub use rococo_system_emulated_network::{
 		asset_hub_rococo_emulated_chain::{
 			asset_hub_rococo_runtime::{
+				self,
 				xcm_config::{
 					self as ahr_xcm_config, TokenLocation as RelayLocation,
 					XcmConfig as AssetHubRococoXcmConfig,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/hybrid_transfers.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/hybrid_transfers.rs
index 7ff6d6c193c9b414632b13e267220a59c770449a..7bb25d7cec623641005402442f98642be60a2b57 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/hybrid_transfers.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/hybrid_transfers.rs
@@ -449,7 +449,16 @@ fn transfer_foreign_assets_from_para_to_para_through_asset_hub() {
 	let sov_of_receiver_on_ah = AssetHubRococo::sovereign_account_id_of(receiver_as_seen_by_ah);
 	let wnd_to_send = ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED * 10_000_000;
 
-	// Configure destination chain to trust AH as reserve of WND
+	// Configure source and destination chains to trust AH as reserve of WND
+	PenpalA::execute_with(|| {
+		assert_ok!(<PenpalA as Chain>::System::set_storage(
+			<PenpalA as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::root(),
+			vec![(
+				PenpalCustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub::key().to_vec(),
+				Location::new(2, [GlobalConsensus(Westend)]).encode(),
+			)],
+		));
+	});
 	PenpalB::execute_with(|| {
 		assert_ok!(<PenpalB as Chain>::System::set_storage(
 			<PenpalB as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::root(),
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/reserve_transfer.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/reserve_transfer.rs
index faff5f7660c20ddcfb3b92fe512a6555bb70b374..302f71f89f838992934cf091cb3315e6958e01ae 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/reserve_transfer.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/reserve_transfer.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 use crate::imports::*;
+use sp_core::{crypto::get_public_from_string_or_panic, sr25519};
 
 fn relay_to_para_sender_assertions(t: RelayToParaTest) {
 	type RuntimeEvent = <Rococo as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
@@ -1042,7 +1043,8 @@ fn reserve_transfer_multiple_assets_from_para_to_asset_hub() {
 	);
 
 	// Beneficiary is a new (empty) account
-	let receiver = get_account_id_from_seed::<sp_runtime::testing::sr25519::Public>(DUMMY_EMPTY);
+	let receiver: sp_runtime::AccountId32 =
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(DUMMY_EMPTY).into();
 	// Init values for Asset Hub
 	let penpal_location_as_seen_by_ahr = AssetHubRococo::sibling_location_of(PenpalA::para_id());
 	let sov_penpal_on_ahr = AssetHubRococo::sovereign_account_id_of(penpal_location_as_seen_by_ahr);
@@ -1548,3 +1550,58 @@ fn reserve_transfer_usdt_from_para_to_para_through_asset_hub() {
 	// Receiver's balance is increased
 	assert!(receiver_assets_after > receiver_assets_before);
 }
+
+/// Reserve Withdraw Native Asset from AssetHub to Parachain fails.
+#[test]
+fn reserve_withdraw_from_untrusted_reserve_fails() {
+	// Init values for Parachain Origin
+	let destination = AssetHubRococo::sibling_location_of(PenpalA::para_id());
+	let signed_origin =
+		<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubRococoSender::get().into());
+	let roc_to_send: Balance = ROCOCO_ED * 10000;
+	let roc_location = RelayLocation::get();
+
+	// Assets to send
+	let assets: Vec<Asset> = vec![(roc_location.clone(), roc_to_send).into()];
+	let fee_id: AssetId = roc_location.into();
+
+	// this should fail
+	AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
+		let result = <AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::PolkadotXcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then(
+			signed_origin.clone(),
+			bx!(destination.clone().into()),
+			bx!(assets.clone().into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::DestinationReserve),
+			bx!(fee_id.into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::DestinationReserve),
+			bx!(VersionedXcm::from(Xcm::<()>::new())),
+			Unlimited,
+		);
+		assert_err!(
+			result,
+			DispatchError::Module(sp_runtime::ModuleError {
+				index: 31,
+				error: [22, 0, 0, 0],
+				message: Some("InvalidAssetUnsupportedReserve")
+			})
+		);
+	});
+
+	// this should also fail
+	AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
+		let xcm: Xcm<asset_hub_rococo_runtime::RuntimeCall> = Xcm(vec![
+			WithdrawAsset(assets.into()),
+			InitiateReserveWithdraw {
+				assets: Wild(All),
+				reserve: destination,
+				xcm: Xcm::<()>::new(),
+			},
+		]);
+		let result = <AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::PolkadotXcm::execute(
+			signed_origin,
+			bx!(xcm::VersionedXcm::V4(xcm)),
+			Weight::MAX,
+		);
+		assert!(result.is_err());
+	});
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/teleport.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/teleport.rs
index c8da801a14bff5adea1a695313672dfb9c9d8437..470b4d0f389e8cfd49dfd9fb930cfd6898ec9fd0 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/teleport.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/tests/teleport.rs
@@ -265,7 +265,9 @@ fn limited_teleport_native_assets_from_system_para_to_relay_fails() {
 	let delivery_fees = AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
 		xcm_helpers::teleport_assets_delivery_fees::<
 			<AssetHubRococoXcmConfig as xcm_executor::Config>::XcmSender,
-		>(test.args.assets.clone(), 0, test.args.weight_limit, test.args.beneficiary, test.args.dest)
+		>(
+			test.args.assets.clone(), 0, test.args.weight_limit, test.args.beneficiary, test.args.dest
+		)
 	});
 
 	// Sender's balance is reduced
@@ -527,3 +529,54 @@ fn bidirectional_teleport_foreign_assets_between_para_and_asset_hub() {
 		system_para_to_para_transfer_assets,
 	);
 }
+
+/// Teleport Native Asset from AssetHub to Parachain fails.
+#[test]
+fn teleport_to_untrusted_chain_fails() {
+	// Init values for Parachain Origin
+	let destination = AssetHubRococo::sibling_location_of(PenpalA::para_id());
+	let signed_origin =
+		<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubRococoSender::get().into());
+	let roc_to_send: Balance = ROCOCO_ED * 10000;
+	let roc_location = RelayLocation::get();
+
+	// Assets to send
+	let assets: Vec<Asset> = vec![(roc_location.clone(), roc_to_send).into()];
+	let fee_id: AssetId = roc_location.into();
+
+	// this should fail
+	AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
+		let result = <AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::PolkadotXcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then(
+			signed_origin.clone(),
+			bx!(destination.clone().into()),
+			bx!(assets.clone().into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::Teleport),
+			bx!(fee_id.into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::Teleport),
+			bx!(VersionedXcm::from(Xcm::<()>::new())),
+			Unlimited,
+		);
+		assert_err!(
+			result,
+			DispatchError::Module(sp_runtime::ModuleError {
+				index: 31,
+				error: [2, 0, 0, 0],
+				message: Some("Filtered")
+			})
+		);
+	});
+
+	// this should also fail
+	AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
+		let xcm: Xcm<asset_hub_rococo_runtime::RuntimeCall> = Xcm(vec![
+			WithdrawAsset(assets.into()),
+			InitiateTeleport { assets: Wild(All), dest: destination, xcm: Xcm::<()>::new() },
+		]);
+		let result = <AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::PolkadotXcm::execute(
+			signed_origin,
+			bx!(xcm::VersionedXcm::V4(xcm)),
+			Weight::MAX,
+		);
+		assert!(result.is_err());
+	});
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
index 6b50b6f473ed087e55ba994fd7cae0f97c48dace..872a8ffa6a8a5a409d07ad7a4e486cc9060662b3 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ assert_matches = { workspace = true }
 
 # Substrate
 sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
-sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
 frame-metadata-hash-extension = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 frame-support = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
index f568fb4101db12e84153faf08f4b67c82d180f5a..906768b19b79f20810ab19c1854aecea23280475 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ mod imports {
 	pub use asset_test_utils::xcm_helpers;
 	pub use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
 		accounts::DUMMY_EMPTY,
-		get_account_id_from_seed, test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter,
-		test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter_for_relay, test_relay_is_trusted_teleporter,
+		test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter, test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter_for_relay,
+		test_relay_is_trusted_teleporter,
 		xcm_emulator::{
 			assert_expected_events, bx, Chain, Parachain as Para, RelayChain as Relay, Test,
 			TestArgs, TestContext, TestExt,
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ mod imports {
 	pub use westend_system_emulated_network::{
 		asset_hub_westend_emulated_chain::{
 			asset_hub_westend_runtime::{
+				self,
 				xcm_config::{
 					self as ahw_xcm_config, WestendLocation as RelayLocation,
 					XcmConfig as AssetHubWestendXcmConfig,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/hybrid_transfers.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/hybrid_transfers.rs
index 975bacea7b4fd937c33930f6e3d7fc82fe5a179f..4d6cdd9a94d6b2b37d74c1586dd66986e84fa13a 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/hybrid_transfers.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/hybrid_transfers.rs
@@ -450,7 +450,16 @@ fn transfer_foreign_assets_from_para_to_para_through_asset_hub() {
 	let sov_of_receiver_on_ah = AssetHubWestend::sovereign_account_id_of(receiver_as_seen_by_ah);
 	let roc_to_send = ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_ED * 10_000_000;
 
-	// Configure destination chain to trust AH as reserve of ROC
+	// Configure source and destination chains to trust AH as reserve of ROC
+	PenpalA::execute_with(|| {
+		assert_ok!(<PenpalA as Chain>::System::set_storage(
+			<PenpalA as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::root(),
+			vec![(
+				PenpalCustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub::key().to_vec(),
+				Location::new(2, [GlobalConsensus(Rococo)]).encode(),
+			)],
+		));
+	});
 	PenpalB::execute_with(|| {
 		assert_ok!(<PenpalB as Chain>::System::set_storage(
 			<PenpalB as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::root(),
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/reserve_transfer.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/reserve_transfer.rs
index 53b6939298da39eb9d61a8888cfdf32dd0e8f71e..10c27c338ec7f69ac63d9498e62852a6a83dca61 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/reserve_transfer.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/reserve_transfer.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 use crate::imports::*;
+use sp_core::{crypto::get_public_from_string_or_panic, sr25519};
 
 fn relay_to_para_sender_assertions(t: RelayToParaTest) {
 	type RuntimeEvent = <Westend as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
@@ -1043,7 +1044,8 @@ fn reserve_transfer_multiple_assets_from_para_to_asset_hub() {
 	);
 
 	// Beneficiary is a new (empty) account
-	let receiver = get_account_id_from_seed::<sp_runtime::testing::sr25519::Public>(DUMMY_EMPTY);
+	let receiver: sp_runtime::AccountId32 =
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(DUMMY_EMPTY).into();
 	// Init values for Asset Hub
 	let penpal_location_as_seen_by_ahr = AssetHubWestend::sibling_location_of(PenpalA::para_id());
 	let sov_penpal_on_ahr =
@@ -1552,3 +1554,58 @@ fn reserve_transfer_usdt_from_para_to_para_through_asset_hub() {
 	// Receiver's balance is increased
 	assert!(receiver_assets_after > receiver_assets_before);
 }
+
+/// Reserve Withdraw Native Asset from AssetHub to Parachain fails.
+#[test]
+fn reserve_withdraw_from_untrusted_reserve_fails() {
+	// Init values for Parachain Origin
+	let destination = AssetHubWestend::sibling_location_of(PenpalA::para_id());
+	let signed_origin =
+		<AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubWestendSender::get().into());
+	let roc_to_send: Balance = WESTEND_ED * 10000;
+	let roc_location = RelayLocation::get();
+
+	// Assets to send
+	let assets: Vec<Asset> = vec![(roc_location.clone(), roc_to_send).into()];
+	let fee_id: AssetId = roc_location.into();
+
+	// this should fail
+	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		let result = <AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::PolkadotXcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then(
+			signed_origin.clone(),
+			bx!(destination.clone().into()),
+			bx!(assets.clone().into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::DestinationReserve),
+			bx!(fee_id.into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::DestinationReserve),
+			bx!(VersionedXcm::from(Xcm::<()>::new())),
+			Unlimited,
+		);
+		assert_err!(
+			result,
+			DispatchError::Module(sp_runtime::ModuleError {
+				index: 31,
+				error: [22, 0, 0, 0],
+				message: Some("InvalidAssetUnsupportedReserve")
+			})
+		);
+	});
+
+	// this should also fail
+	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		let xcm: Xcm<asset_hub_westend_runtime::RuntimeCall> = Xcm(vec![
+			WithdrawAsset(assets.into()),
+			InitiateReserveWithdraw {
+				assets: Wild(All),
+				reserve: destination,
+				xcm: Xcm::<()>::new(),
+			},
+		]);
+		let result = <AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::PolkadotXcm::execute(
+			signed_origin,
+			bx!(xcm::VersionedXcm::V4(xcm)),
+			Weight::MAX,
+		);
+		assert!(result.is_err());
+	});
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/teleport.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/teleport.rs
index 15d39858acca4b099cd0215a55d017b42a695dda..ee0f297792f8ca9f09818aa50520a964bcfd0d61 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/teleport.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/tests/teleport.rs
@@ -265,7 +265,9 @@ fn limited_teleport_native_assets_from_system_para_to_relay_fails() {
 	let delivery_fees = AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
 		xcm_helpers::teleport_assets_delivery_fees::<
 			<AssetHubWestendXcmConfig as xcm_executor::Config>::XcmSender,
-		>(test.args.assets.clone(), 0, test.args.weight_limit, test.args.beneficiary, test.args.dest)
+		>(
+			test.args.assets.clone(), 0, test.args.weight_limit, test.args.beneficiary, test.args.dest
+		)
 	});
 
 	// Sender's balance is reduced
@@ -530,3 +532,54 @@ fn bidirectional_teleport_foreign_assets_between_para_and_asset_hub() {
 		system_para_to_para_transfer_assets,
 	);
 }
+
+/// Teleport Native Asset from AssetHub to Parachain fails.
+#[test]
+fn teleport_to_untrusted_chain_fails() {
+	// Init values for Parachain Origin
+	let destination = AssetHubWestend::sibling_location_of(PenpalA::para_id());
+	let signed_origin =
+		<AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubWestendSender::get().into());
+	let roc_to_send: Balance = WESTEND_ED * 10000;
+	let roc_location = RelayLocation::get();
+
+	// Assets to send
+	let assets: Vec<Asset> = vec![(roc_location.clone(), roc_to_send).into()];
+	let fee_id: AssetId = roc_location.into();
+
+	// this should fail
+	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		let result = <AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::PolkadotXcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then(
+			signed_origin.clone(),
+			bx!(destination.clone().into()),
+			bx!(assets.clone().into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::Teleport),
+			bx!(fee_id.into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::Teleport),
+			bx!(VersionedXcm::from(Xcm::<()>::new())),
+			Unlimited,
+		);
+		assert_err!(
+			result,
+			DispatchError::Module(sp_runtime::ModuleError {
+				index: 31,
+				error: [2, 0, 0, 0],
+				message: Some("Filtered")
+			})
+		);
+	});
+
+	// this should also fail
+	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		let xcm: Xcm<asset_hub_westend_runtime::RuntimeCall> = Xcm(vec![
+			WithdrawAsset(assets.into()),
+			InitiateTeleport { assets: Wild(All), dest: destination, xcm: Xcm::<()>::new() },
+		]);
+		let result = <AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::PolkadotXcm::execute(
+			signed_origin,
+			bx!(xcm::VersionedXcm::V4(xcm)),
+			Weight::MAX,
+		);
+		assert!(result.is_err());
+	});
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
index 86ace7d564e8a877016ab350293f1dba94337592..9f6fe78a33eebfccbe387df6a86336cb0ed1737b 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
 xcm = { workspace = true }
 pallet-xcm = { workspace = true }
 xcm-executor = { workspace = true }
+xcm-runtime-apis = { workspace = true }
 
 # Bridges
 pallet-bridge-messages = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
index ac08e48ded68dacad27756ff62b55caf6a1a7f32..77e4c8183e65fd1de4c56c7b23844f3ab732d7f1 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod imports {
 	// Substrate
+	pub use codec::Encode;
 	pub use frame_support::{assert_err, assert_ok, pallet_prelude::DispatchResult};
 	pub use sp_runtime::DispatchError;
 
@@ -23,8 +24,7 @@ mod imports {
 	pub use xcm::{
 		latest::ParentThen,
 		prelude::{AccountId32 as AccountId32Junction, *},
-		v4,
-		v4::NetworkId::Westend as WestendId,
+		v4::{self, NetworkId::Westend as WestendId},
 	};
 	pub use xcm_executor::traits::TransferType;
 
@@ -32,22 +32,23 @@ mod imports {
 	pub use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
 		accounts::ALICE,
 		impls::Inspect,
-		test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter, test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter_for_relay,
-		test_relay_is_trusted_teleporter,
+		test_dry_run_transfer_across_pk_bridge, test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter,
+		test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter_for_relay, test_relay_is_trusted_teleporter,
 		xcm_emulator::{
 			assert_expected_events, bx, Chain, Parachain as Para, RelayChain as Relay, TestExt,
 		},
+		xcm_helpers::xcm_transact_paid_execution,
 		ASSETS_PALLET_ID, USDT_ID,
 	};
 	pub use parachains_common::AccountId;
 	pub use rococo_westend_system_emulated_network::{
 		asset_hub_rococo_emulated_chain::{
 			asset_hub_rococo_runtime::xcm_config as ahr_xcm_config,
-			genesis::{AssetHubRococoAssetOwner, ED as ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED},
-			AssetHubRococoParaPallet as AssetHubRococoPallet,
+			genesis::ED as ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED, AssetHubRococoParaPallet as AssetHubRococoPallet,
 		},
 		asset_hub_westend_emulated_chain::{
-			genesis::ED as ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_ED, AssetHubWestendParaPallet as AssetHubWestendPallet,
+			genesis::{AssetHubWestendAssetOwner, ED as ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_ED},
+			AssetHubWestendParaPallet as AssetHubWestendPallet,
 		},
 		bridge_hub_rococo_emulated_chain::{
 			genesis::ED as BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_ED, BridgeHubRococoExistentialDeposit,
@@ -55,9 +56,12 @@ mod imports {
 			BridgeHubRococoXcmConfig, EthereumBeaconClient, EthereumInboundQueue,
 		},
 		penpal_emulated_chain::{
-			penpal_runtime::xcm_config::{
-				CustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub as PenpalCustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub,
-				UniversalLocation as PenpalUniversalLocation,
+			penpal_runtime::{
+				self,
+				xcm_config::{
+					CustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub as PenpalCustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub,
+					UniversalLocation as PenpalUniversalLocation,
+				},
 			},
 			PenpalAParaPallet as PenpalAPallet, PenpalAssetOwner,
 		},
@@ -72,11 +76,11 @@ mod imports {
 		BridgeHubRococoParaReceiver as BridgeHubRococoReceiver,
 		BridgeHubRococoParaSender as BridgeHubRococoSender,
 		BridgeHubWestendPara as BridgeHubWestend, PenpalAPara as PenpalA,
-		PenpalAParaReceiver as PenpalAReceiver, PenpalAParaSender as PenpalASender,
-		RococoRelay as Rococo, RococoRelayReceiver as RococoReceiver,
-		RococoRelaySender as RococoSender,
+		PenpalAParaSender as PenpalASender, RococoRelay as Rococo,
+		RococoRelayReceiver as RococoReceiver, RococoRelaySender as RococoSender,
 	};
 
+	pub const ASSET_ID: u32 = 1;
 	pub const ASSET_MIN_BALANCE: u128 = 1000;
 }
 
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/asset_transfers.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/asset_transfers.rs
index 6df51c5f7048aac5e4a16959acb01ad3986088b2..0e1cfdd82aafd336c0f46a77771eeaaf9c70199e 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/asset_transfers.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/asset_transfers.rs
@@ -113,14 +113,8 @@ fn send_assets_from_penpal_rococo_through_rococo_ah_to_westend_ah(
 }
 
 #[test]
-/// Test transfer of ROC, USDT and wETH from AssetHub Rococo to AssetHub Westend.
-///
-/// This mix of assets should cover the whole range:
-/// - native assets: ROC,
-/// - trust-based assets: USDT (exists only on Rococo, Westend gets it from Rococo over bridge),
-/// - foreign asset / bridged asset (other bridge / Snowfork): wETH (bridged from Ethereum to Rococo
-///   over Snowbridge, then bridged over to Westend through this bridge).
-fn send_roc_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
+/// Test transfer of ROC from AssetHub Rococo to AssetHub Westend.
+fn send_roc_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
 	let amount = ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED * 1_000_000;
 	let sender = AssetHubRococoSender::get();
 	let receiver = AssetHubWestendReceiver::get();
@@ -128,11 +122,8 @@ fn send_roc_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
 	let bridged_roc_at_asset_hub_westend = bridged_roc_at_ah_westend();
 
 	create_foreign_on_ah_westend(bridged_roc_at_asset_hub_westend.clone(), true);
-	set_up_pool_with_wnd_on_ah_westend(bridged_roc_at_asset_hub_westend.clone());
+	set_up_pool_with_wnd_on_ah_westend(bridged_roc_at_asset_hub_westend.clone(), true);
 
-	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-	// Let's first send over just some ROCs as a simple example
-	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 	let sov_ahw_on_ahr = AssetHubRococo::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
 		Westend,
 		AssetHubWestend::para_id(),
@@ -146,8 +137,7 @@ fn send_roc_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
 	// send ROCs, use them for fees
 	send_assets_over_bridge(|| {
 		let destination = asset_hub_westend_location();
-		let assets: Assets =
-			(Location::try_from(roc_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone()).unwrap(), amount).into();
+		let assets: Assets = (roc_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), amount).into();
 		let fee_idx = 0;
 		assert_ok!(send_assets_from_asset_hub_rococo(destination, assets, fee_idx));
 	});
@@ -183,84 +173,18 @@ fn send_roc_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
 	assert!(receiver_rocs_after > receiver_rocs_before);
 	// Reserve ROC balance is increased by sent amount
 	assert_eq!(rocs_in_reserve_on_ahr_after, rocs_in_reserve_on_ahr_before + amount);
-
-	/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-	// Now let's send over USDTs + wETH (and pay fees with USDT)
-	/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-	let usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo = usdt_at_ah_rococo();
-	let bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_westend = bridged_usdt_at_ah_westend();
-	// wETH has same relative location on both Rococo and Westend AssetHubs
-	let bridged_weth_at_ah = weth_at_asset_hubs();
-
-	// mint USDT in sender's account (USDT already created in genesis)
-	AssetHubRococo::mint_asset(
-		<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubRococoAssetOwner::get()),
-		USDT_ID,
-		sender.clone(),
-		amount * 2,
-	);
-	// create wETH at src and dest and prefund sender's account
-	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(
-		bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(),
-		true,
-		vec![(sender.clone(), amount * 2)],
-	);
-	create_foreign_on_ah_westend(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), true);
-	create_foreign_on_ah_westend(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_westend.clone(), true);
-	set_up_pool_with_wnd_on_ah_westend(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_westend.clone());
-
-	let receiver_usdts_before =
-		foreign_balance_on_ah_westend(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_westend.clone(), &receiver);
-	let receiver_weth_before = foreign_balance_on_ah_westend(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), &receiver);
-
-	// send USDTs and wETHs
-	let assets: Assets = vec![
-		(usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), amount).into(),
-		(Location::try_from(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone()).unwrap(), amount).into(),
-	]
-	.into();
-	// use USDT for fees
-	let fee: AssetId = usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo.into();
-
-	// use the more involved transfer extrinsic
-	let custom_xcm_on_dest = Xcm::<()>(vec![DepositAsset {
-		assets: Wild(AllCounted(assets.len() as u32)),
-		beneficiary: AccountId32Junction { network: None, id: receiver.clone().into() }.into(),
-	}]);
-	assert_ok!(AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
-		<AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::PolkadotXcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then(
-			<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(sender.into()),
-			bx!(asset_hub_westend_location().into()),
-			bx!(assets.into()),
-			bx!(TransferType::LocalReserve),
-			bx!(fee.into()),
-			bx!(TransferType::LocalReserve),
-			bx!(VersionedXcm::from(custom_xcm_on_dest)),
-			WeightLimit::Unlimited,
-		)
-	}));
-	// verify hops (also advances the message through the hops)
-	assert_bridge_hub_rococo_message_accepted(true);
-	assert_bridge_hub_westend_message_received();
-	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
-		AssetHubWestend::assert_xcmp_queue_success(None);
-	});
-
-	let receiver_usdts_after =
-		foreign_balance_on_ah_westend(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_westend, &receiver);
-	let receiver_weth_after = foreign_balance_on_ah_westend(bridged_weth_at_ah, &receiver);
-
-	// Receiver's USDT balance is increased by almost `amount` (minus fees)
-	assert!(receiver_usdts_after > receiver_usdts_before);
-	assert!(receiver_usdts_after < receiver_usdts_before + amount);
-	// Receiver's wETH balance is increased by sent amount
-	assert_eq!(receiver_weth_after, receiver_weth_before + amount);
 }
 
 #[test]
-/// Send bridged WNDs "back" from AssetHub Rococo to AssetHub Westend.
-fn send_back_wnds_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
+/// Send bridged assets "back" from AssetHub Rococo to AssetHub Westend.
+///
+/// This mix of assets should cover the whole range:
+/// - bridged native assets: ROC,
+/// - bridged trust-based assets: USDT (exists only on Westend, Rococo gets it from Westend over
+///   bridge),
+/// - bridged foreign asset / double-bridged asset (other bridge / Snowfork): wETH (bridged from
+///   Ethereum to Westend over Snowbridge, then bridged over to Rococo through this bridge).
+fn send_back_wnds_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
 	let prefund_amount = 10_000_000_000_000u128;
 	let amount_to_send = ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_ED * 1_000;
 	let sender = AssetHubRococoSender::get();
@@ -269,6 +193,10 @@ fn send_back_wnds_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
 	let prefund_accounts = vec![(sender.clone(), prefund_amount)];
 	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(wnd_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), true, prefund_accounts);
 
+	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+	// Let's first send back just some WNDs as a simple example
+	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
 	// fund the AHR's SA on AHW with the WND tokens held in reserve
 	let sov_ahr_on_ahw = AssetHubWestend::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
 		Rococo,
@@ -317,7 +245,7 @@ fn send_back_wnds_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
 	});
 
 	let sender_wnds_after = foreign_balance_on_ah_rococo(wnd_at_asset_hub_rococo, &sender);
-	let receiver_wnds_after = <AssetHubWestend as Chain>::account_data_of(receiver).free;
+	let receiver_wnds_after = <AssetHubWestend as Chain>::account_data_of(receiver.clone()).free;
 	let wnds_in_reserve_on_ahw_after =
 		<AssetHubWestend as Chain>::account_data_of(sov_ahr_on_ahw).free;
 
@@ -327,6 +255,96 @@ fn send_back_wnds_from_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_westend() {
 	assert!(receiver_wnds_after > receiver_wnds_before);
 	// Reserve balance is reduced by sent amount
 	assert_eq!(wnds_in_reserve_on_ahw_after, wnds_in_reserve_on_ahw_before - amount_to_send);
+
+	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+	// Now let's send back over USDTs + wETH (and pay fees with USDT)
+	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+	// wETH has same relative location on both Westend and Rococo AssetHubs
+	let bridged_weth_at_ah = weth_at_asset_hubs();
+	let bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo = bridged_usdt_at_ah_rococo();
+
+	// set up destination chain AH Westend:
+	// create a WND/USDT pool to be able to pay fees with USDT (USDT created in genesis)
+	set_up_pool_with_wnd_on_ah_westend(usdt_at_ah_westend(), false);
+	// create wETH on Westend (IRL it's already created by Snowbridge)
+	create_foreign_on_ah_westend(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), true);
+	// prefund AHR's sovereign account on AHW to be able to withdraw USDT and wETH from reserves
+	let sov_ahr_on_ahw = AssetHubWestend::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
+		Rococo,
+		AssetHubRococo::para_id(),
+	);
+	AssetHubWestend::mint_asset(
+		<AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubWestendAssetOwner::get()),
+		USDT_ID,
+		sov_ahr_on_ahw.clone(),
+		amount_to_send * 2,
+	);
+	AssetHubWestend::mint_foreign_asset(
+		<AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubWestend::account_id_of(ALICE)),
+		bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(),
+		sov_ahr_on_ahw,
+		amount_to_send * 2,
+	);
+
+	// set up source chain AH Rococo:
+	// create wETH and USDT foreign assets on Rococo and prefund sender's account
+	let prefund_accounts = vec![(sender.clone(), amount_to_send * 2)];
+	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), true, prefund_accounts.clone());
+	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), true, prefund_accounts);
+
+	// check balances before
+	let receiver_usdts_before = AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		type Assets = <AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::Assets;
+		<Assets as Inspect<_>>::balance(USDT_ID, &receiver)
+	});
+	let receiver_weth_before = foreign_balance_on_ah_westend(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), &receiver);
+
+	let usdt_id: AssetId = Location::try_from(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo).unwrap().into();
+	// send USDTs and wETHs
+	let assets: Assets = vec![
+		(usdt_id.clone(), amount_to_send).into(),
+		(Location::try_from(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone()).unwrap(), amount_to_send).into(),
+	]
+	.into();
+	// use USDT for fees
+	let fee = usdt_id;
+
+	// use the more involved transfer extrinsic
+	let custom_xcm_on_dest = Xcm::<()>(vec![DepositAsset {
+		assets: Wild(AllCounted(assets.len() as u32)),
+		beneficiary: AccountId32Junction { network: None, id: receiver.clone().into() }.into(),
+	}]);
+	assert_ok!(AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
+		<AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::PolkadotXcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then(
+			<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(sender.into()),
+			bx!(asset_hub_westend_location().into()),
+			bx!(assets.into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::DestinationReserve),
+			bx!(fee.into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::DestinationReserve),
+			bx!(VersionedXcm::from(custom_xcm_on_dest)),
+			WeightLimit::Unlimited,
+		)
+	}));
+	// verify hops (also advances the message through the hops)
+	assert_bridge_hub_rococo_message_accepted(true);
+	assert_bridge_hub_westend_message_received();
+	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		AssetHubWestend::assert_xcmp_queue_success(None);
+	});
+
+	let receiver_usdts_after = AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		type Assets = <AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::Assets;
+		<Assets as Inspect<_>>::balance(USDT_ID, &receiver)
+	});
+	let receiver_weth_after = foreign_balance_on_ah_westend(bridged_weth_at_ah, &receiver);
+
+	// Receiver's USDT balance is increased by almost `amount_to_send` (minus fees)
+	assert!(receiver_usdts_after > receiver_usdts_before);
+	assert!(receiver_usdts_after < receiver_usdts_before + amount_to_send);
+	// Receiver's wETH balance is increased by `amount_to_send`
+	assert_eq!(receiver_weth_after, receiver_weth_before + amount_to_send);
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -432,6 +450,16 @@ fn send_back_wnds_from_penpal_rococo_through_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_weste
 		ASSET_MIN_BALANCE,
 		vec![(sender.clone(), amount * 2)],
 	);
+	// Configure source Penpal chain to trust local AH as reserve of bridged WND
+	PenpalA::execute_with(|| {
+		assert_ok!(<PenpalA as Chain>::System::set_storage(
+			<PenpalA as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::root(),
+			vec![(
+				PenpalCustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub::key().to_vec(),
+				wnd_at_rococo_parachains.encode(),
+			)],
+		));
+	});
 
 	// fund the AHR's SA on AHW with the WND tokens held in reserve
 	let sov_ahr_on_ahw = AssetHubWestend::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
@@ -524,3 +552,12 @@ fn send_back_wnds_from_penpal_rococo_through_asset_hub_rococo_to_asset_hub_weste
 	assert!(receiver_wnds_after > receiver_wnds_before);
 	assert!(receiver_wnds_after <= receiver_wnds_before + amount);
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn dry_run_transfer_to_westend_sends_xcm_to_bridge_hub() {
+	test_dry_run_transfer_across_pk_bridge!(
+		AssetHubRococo,
+		BridgeHubRococo,
+		asset_hub_westend_location()
+	);
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/mod.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/mod.rs
index b540f55642a5f13fcdceba1594f7c849bcbc3df8..767f74f6ad7f488952c5156068448f055e6a1946 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/mod.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use crate::imports::*;
 
 mod asset_transfers;
 mod claim_assets;
+mod register_bridged_assets;
 mod send_xcm;
 mod snowbridge;
 mod teleport;
@@ -45,15 +46,15 @@ pub(crate) fn bridged_wnd_at_ah_rococo() -> Location {
 }
 
 // USDT and wUSDT
-pub(crate) fn usdt_at_ah_rococo() -> Location {
+pub(crate) fn usdt_at_ah_westend() -> Location {
 	Location::new(0, [PalletInstance(ASSETS_PALLET_ID), GeneralIndex(USDT_ID.into())])
 }
-pub(crate) fn bridged_usdt_at_ah_westend() -> Location {
+pub(crate) fn bridged_usdt_at_ah_rococo() -> Location {
 	Location::new(
 		2,
 		[
-			GlobalConsensus(Rococo),
-			Parachain(AssetHubRococo::para_id().into()),
+			GlobalConsensus(Westend),
+			Parachain(AssetHubWestend::para_id().into()),
 			PalletInstance(ASSETS_PALLET_ID),
 			GeneralIndex(USDT_ID.into()),
 		],
@@ -100,23 +101,36 @@ pub(crate) fn foreign_balance_on_ah_westend(id: v4::Location, who: &AccountId) -
 }
 
 // set up pool
-pub(crate) fn set_up_pool_with_wnd_on_ah_westend(foreign_asset: v4::Location) {
+pub(crate) fn set_up_pool_with_wnd_on_ah_westend(asset: v4::Location, is_foreign: bool) {
 	let wnd: v4::Location = v4::Parent.into();
 	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
 		type RuntimeEvent = <AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
 		let owner = AssetHubWestendSender::get();
 		let signed_owner = <AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(owner.clone());
 
-		assert_ok!(<AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::ForeignAssets::mint(
-			signed_owner.clone(),
-			foreign_asset.clone().into(),
-			owner.clone().into(),
-			3_000_000_000_000,
-		));
+		if is_foreign {
+			assert_ok!(<AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::ForeignAssets::mint(
+				signed_owner.clone(),
+				asset.clone().into(),
+				owner.clone().into(),
+				3_000_000_000_000,
+			));
+		} else {
+			let asset_id = match asset.interior.last() {
+				Some(v4::Junction::GeneralIndex(id)) => *id as u32,
+				_ => unreachable!(),
+			};
+			assert_ok!(<AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::Assets::mint(
+				signed_owner.clone(),
+				asset_id.into(),
+				owner.clone().into(),
+				3_000_000_000_000,
+			));
+		}
 		assert_ok!(<AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::AssetConversion::create_pool(
 			signed_owner.clone(),
 			Box::new(wnd.clone()),
-			Box::new(foreign_asset.clone()),
+			Box::new(asset.clone()),
 		));
 		assert_expected_events!(
 			AssetHubWestend,
@@ -127,7 +141,7 @@ pub(crate) fn set_up_pool_with_wnd_on_ah_westend(foreign_asset: v4::Location) {
 		assert_ok!(<AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::AssetConversion::add_liquidity(
 			signed_owner.clone(),
 			Box::new(wnd),
-			Box::new(foreign_asset),
+			Box::new(asset),
 			1_000_000_000_000,
 			2_000_000_000_000,
 			1,
@@ -149,7 +163,7 @@ pub(crate) fn send_assets_from_asset_hub_rococo(
 	fee_idx: u32,
 ) -> DispatchResult {
 	let signed_origin =
-		<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubRococoSender::get().into());
+		<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubRococoSender::get());
 	let beneficiary: Location =
 		AccountId32Junction { network: None, id: AssetHubWestendReceiver::get().into() }.into();
 
@@ -231,17 +245,6 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_between_asset_hub_rococo_and_asset_hub_westend() {
 			)),
 		)),
 	);
-	BridgeHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
-		type RuntimeEvent = <BridgeHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
-		assert_expected_events!(
-			BridgeHubRococo,
-			vec![
-				RuntimeEvent::XcmOverBridgeHubWestend(
-					pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Event::BridgeOpened { .. }
-				) => {},
-			]
-		);
-	});
 
 	// open AHW -> AHR
 	BridgeHubWestend::fund_para_sovereign(AssetHubWestend::para_id(), WND * 5);
@@ -255,15 +258,4 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_between_asset_hub_rococo_and_asset_hub_westend() {
 			)),
 		)),
 	);
-	BridgeHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
-		type RuntimeEvent = <BridgeHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
-		assert_expected_events!(
-			BridgeHubWestend,
-			vec![
-				RuntimeEvent::XcmOverBridgeHubRococo(
-					pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Event::BridgeOpened { .. }
-				) => {},
-			]
-		);
-	});
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/register_bridged_assets.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/register_bridged_assets.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..44637670112b9e3cd2aa10e94d2dc59b41d3196f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/register_bridged_assets.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use crate::{imports::*, tests::*};
+
+const XCM_FEE: u128 = 4_000_000_000_000;
+
+/// Tests the registering of a Rococo Asset as a bridged asset on Westend Asset Hub.
+#[test]
+fn register_rococo_asset_on_wah_from_rah() {
+	let sa_of_rah_on_wah =
+		AssetHubWestend::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
+			Rococo,
+			AssetHubRococo::para_id(),
+		);
+
+	// Rococo Asset Hub asset when bridged to Westend Asset Hub.
+	let bridged_asset_at_wah = Location::new(
+		2,
+		[
+			GlobalConsensus(Rococo),
+			Parachain(AssetHubRococo::para_id().into()),
+			PalletInstance(ASSETS_PALLET_ID),
+			GeneralIndex(ASSET_ID.into()),
+		],
+	);
+
+	// Encoded `create_asset` call to be executed in Westend Asset Hub ForeignAssets pallet.
+	let call = AssetHubWestend::create_foreign_asset_call(
+		bridged_asset_at_wah.clone(),
+		ASSET_MIN_BALANCE,
+		sa_of_rah_on_wah.clone(),
+	);
+
+	let origin_kind = OriginKind::Xcm;
+	let fee_amount = XCM_FEE;
+	let fees = (Parent, fee_amount).into();
+
+	let xcm = xcm_transact_paid_execution(call, origin_kind, fees, sa_of_rah_on_wah.clone());
+
+	// SA-of-RAH-on-WAH needs to have balance to pay for fees and asset creation deposit
+	AssetHubWestend::fund_accounts(vec![(
+		sa_of_rah_on_wah.clone(),
+		ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_ED * 10000000000,
+	)]);
+
+	let destination = asset_hub_westend_location();
+
+	// fund the RAH's SA on RBH for paying bridge transport fees
+	BridgeHubRococo::fund_para_sovereign(AssetHubRococo::para_id(), 10_000_000_000_000u128);
+
+	// set XCM versions
+	AssetHubRococo::force_xcm_version(destination.clone(), XCM_VERSION);
+	BridgeHubRococo::force_xcm_version(bridge_hub_westend_location(), XCM_VERSION);
+
+	let root_origin = <AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::root();
+	AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
+		assert_ok!(<AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::PolkadotXcm::send(
+			root_origin,
+			bx!(destination.into()),
+			bx!(xcm),
+		));
+
+		AssetHubRococo::assert_xcm_pallet_sent();
+	});
+
+	assert_bridge_hub_rococo_message_accepted(true);
+	assert_bridge_hub_westend_message_received();
+	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		type RuntimeEvent = <AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
+		AssetHubWestend::assert_xcmp_queue_success(None);
+		assert_expected_events!(
+			AssetHubWestend,
+			vec![
+				// Burned the fee
+				RuntimeEvent::Balances(pallet_balances::Event::Burned { who, amount }) => {
+					who: *who == sa_of_rah_on_wah.clone(),
+					amount: *amount == fee_amount,
+				},
+				// Foreign Asset created
+				RuntimeEvent::ForeignAssets(pallet_assets::Event::Created { asset_id, creator, owner }) => {
+					asset_id: asset_id == &bridged_asset_at_wah,
+					creator: *creator == sa_of_rah_on_wah.clone(),
+					owner: *owner == sa_of_rah_on_wah,
+				},
+				// Unspent fee minted to origin
+				RuntimeEvent::Balances(pallet_balances::Event::Minted { who, .. }) => {
+					who: *who == sa_of_rah_on_wah.clone(),
+				},
+			]
+		);
+		type ForeignAssets = <AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::ForeignAssets;
+		assert!(ForeignAssets::asset_exists(bridged_asset_at_wah));
+	});
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/snowbridge.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/snowbridge.rs
index 84328fb7c6d201b86edf9aba954d84b7598e3005..d91a0c6895f98c377230f48d984d393e9773aeb9 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/snowbridge.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-rococo/src/tests/snowbridge.rs
@@ -286,11 +286,19 @@ fn send_token_from_ethereum_to_penpal() {
 	// Fund AssetHub sovereign account so it can pay execution fees for the asset transfer
 	BridgeHubRococo::fund_accounts(vec![(asset_hub_sovereign.clone(), INITIAL_FUND)]);
 
-	// Fund PenPal sender and receiver
-	PenpalA::fund_accounts(vec![
-		(PenpalAReceiver::get(), INITIAL_FUND),
-		(PenpalASender::get(), INITIAL_FUND),
-	]);
+	// Fund PenPal receiver (covering ED)
+	let native_id: Location = Parent.into();
+	let receiver: AccountId = [
+		28, 189, 45, 67, 83, 10, 68, 112, 90, 208, 136, 175, 49, 62, 24, 248, 11, 83, 239, 22, 179,
+		97, 119, 205, 75, 119, 184, 70, 242, 165, 240, 124,
+	]
+	.into();
+	PenpalA::mint_foreign_asset(
+		<PenpalA as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(PenpalAssetOwner::get()),
+		native_id,
+		receiver,
+		penpal_runtime::EXISTENTIAL_DEPOSIT,
+	);
 
 	PenpalA::execute_with(|| {
 		assert_ok!(<PenpalA as Chain>::System::set_storage(
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
index 44121cbfdafbdcfd24890b751cd6694d55b83e9d..b87f25ac0f014125bc5807fa8732dfb8ee67067a 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
 xcm = { workspace = true }
 pallet-xcm = { workspace = true }
 xcm-executor = { workspace = true }
+xcm-runtime-apis = { workspace = true }
 
 # Bridges
 pallet-bridge-messages = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
index 5e0462d14882a9922c8d6232dd7ebe781ca5c88a..76e8312921decb84a950814e9c236b28d5ad60e7 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod imports {
 	// Substrate
+	pub use codec::Encode;
 	pub use frame_support::{assert_err, assert_ok, pallet_prelude::DispatchResult};
 	pub use sp_runtime::DispatchError;
 
@@ -31,28 +32,32 @@ mod imports {
 	pub use emulated_integration_tests_common::{
 		accounts::ALICE,
 		impls::Inspect,
-		test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter, test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter_for_relay,
-		test_relay_is_trusted_teleporter,
+		test_dry_run_transfer_across_pk_bridge, test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter,
+		test_parachain_is_trusted_teleporter_for_relay, test_relay_is_trusted_teleporter,
 		xcm_emulator::{
 			assert_expected_events, bx, Chain, Parachain as Para, RelayChain as Relay, TestExt,
 		},
+		xcm_helpers::xcm_transact_paid_execution,
 		ASSETS_PALLET_ID, USDT_ID,
 	};
 	pub use parachains_common::AccountId;
 	pub use rococo_westend_system_emulated_network::{
 		asset_hub_rococo_emulated_chain::{
-			genesis::{AssetHubRococoAssetOwner, ED as ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED},
-			AssetHubRococoParaPallet as AssetHubRococoPallet,
+			genesis::ED as ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED, AssetHubRococoParaPallet as AssetHubRococoPallet,
 		},
 		asset_hub_westend_emulated_chain::{
-			genesis::ED as ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_ED, AssetHubWestendParaPallet as AssetHubWestendPallet,
+			genesis::{AssetHubWestendAssetOwner, ED as ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_ED},
+			AssetHubWestendParaPallet as AssetHubWestendPallet,
 		},
 		bridge_hub_westend_emulated_chain::{
 			genesis::ED as BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_ED, BridgeHubWestendExistentialDeposit,
 			BridgeHubWestendParaPallet as BridgeHubWestendPallet, BridgeHubWestendXcmConfig,
 		},
 		penpal_emulated_chain::{
-			penpal_runtime::xcm_config::UniversalLocation as PenpalUniversalLocation,
+			penpal_runtime::xcm_config::{
+				CustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub as PenpalCustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub,
+				UniversalLocation as PenpalUniversalLocation,
+			},
 			PenpalAssetOwner, PenpalBParaPallet as PenpalBPallet,
 		},
 		westend_emulated_chain::{
@@ -70,6 +75,7 @@ mod imports {
 		WestendRelayReceiver as WestendReceiver, WestendRelaySender as WestendSender,
 	};
 
+	pub const ASSET_ID: u32 = 1;
 	pub const ASSET_MIN_BALANCE: u128 = 1000;
 }
 
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/asset_transfers.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/asset_transfers.rs
index c3f81175da23f8716efc4e19db0a429d1cb4d2f4..0856c95260095d6111d6ad4f18821b38bd89debd 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/asset_transfers.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/asset_transfers.rs
@@ -113,17 +113,26 @@ fn send_assets_from_penpal_westend_through_westend_ah_to_rococo_ah(
 }
 
 #[test]
-/// Test transfer of WND from AssetHub Westend to AssetHub Rococo.
-fn send_wnds_from_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_rococo() {
+/// Test transfer of WND, USDT and wETH from AssetHub Westend to AssetHub Rococo.
+///
+/// This mix of assets should cover the whole range:
+/// - native assets: WND,
+/// - trust-based assets: USDT (exists only on Westend, Rococo gets it from Westend over bridge),
+/// - foreign asset / bridged asset (other bridge / Snowfork): wETH (bridged from Ethereum to
+///   Westend over Snowbridge, then bridged over to Rococo through this bridge).
+fn send_wnds_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_rococo() {
 	let amount = ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_ED * 1_000;
 	let sender = AssetHubWestendSender::get();
 	let receiver = AssetHubRococoReceiver::get();
 	let wnd_at_asset_hub_westend = wnd_at_ah_westend();
 	let bridged_wnd_at_asset_hub_rococo = bridged_wnd_at_ah_rococo();
-	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(bridged_wnd_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), true);
 
+	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(bridged_wnd_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), true);
 	set_up_pool_with_roc_on_ah_rococo(bridged_wnd_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), true);
 
+	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+	// Let's first send over just some WNDs as a simple example
+	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 	let sov_ahr_on_ahw = AssetHubWestend::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
 		Rococo,
 		AssetHubRococo::para_id(),
@@ -161,7 +170,7 @@ fn send_wnds_from_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_rococo() {
 		);
 	});
 
-	let sender_wnds_after = <AssetHubWestend as Chain>::account_data_of(sender).free;
+	let sender_wnds_after = <AssetHubWestend as Chain>::account_data_of(sender.clone()).free;
 	let receiver_wnds_after =
 		foreign_balance_on_ah_rococo(bridged_wnd_at_asset_hub_rococo, &receiver);
 	let wnds_in_reserve_on_ahw_after =
@@ -173,18 +182,83 @@ fn send_wnds_from_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_rococo() {
 	assert!(receiver_wnds_after > receiver_wnds_before);
 	// Reserve balance is increased by sent amount
 	assert_eq!(wnds_in_reserve_on_ahw_after, wnds_in_reserve_on_ahw_before + amount);
+
+	/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+	// Now let's send over USDTs + wETH (and pay fees with USDT)
+	/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+	let usdt_at_asset_hub_westend = usdt_at_ah_westend();
+	let bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo = bridged_usdt_at_ah_rococo();
+	// wETH has same relative location on both Westend and Rococo AssetHubs
+	let bridged_weth_at_ah = weth_at_asset_hubs();
+
+	// mint USDT in sender's account (USDT already created in genesis)
+	AssetHubWestend::mint_asset(
+		<AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubWestendAssetOwner::get()),
+		USDT_ID,
+		sender.clone(),
+		amount * 2,
+	);
+	// create wETH at src and dest and prefund sender's account
+	create_foreign_on_ah_westend(
+		bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(),
+		true,
+		vec![(sender.clone(), amount * 2)],
+	);
+	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), true);
+	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), true);
+	set_up_pool_with_roc_on_ah_rococo(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), true);
+
+	let receiver_usdts_before =
+		foreign_balance_on_ah_rococo(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo.clone(), &receiver);
+	let receiver_weth_before = foreign_balance_on_ah_rococo(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), &receiver);
+
+	// send USDTs and wETHs
+	let assets: Assets = vec![
+		(usdt_at_asset_hub_westend.clone(), amount).into(),
+		(Location::try_from(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone()).unwrap(), amount).into(),
+	]
+	.into();
+	// use USDT for fees
+	let fee: AssetId = usdt_at_asset_hub_westend.into();
+
+	// use the more involved transfer extrinsic
+	let custom_xcm_on_dest = Xcm::<()>(vec![DepositAsset {
+		assets: Wild(AllCounted(assets.len() as u32)),
+		beneficiary: AccountId32Junction { network: None, id: receiver.clone().into() }.into(),
+	}]);
+	assert_ok!(AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		<AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::PolkadotXcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then(
+			<AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(sender.into()),
+			bx!(asset_hub_rococo_location().into()),
+			bx!(assets.into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::LocalReserve),
+			bx!(fee.into()),
+			bx!(TransferType::LocalReserve),
+			bx!(VersionedXcm::from(custom_xcm_on_dest)),
+			WeightLimit::Unlimited,
+		)
+	}));
+	// verify hops (also advances the message through the hops)
+	assert_bridge_hub_westend_message_accepted(true);
+	assert_bridge_hub_rococo_message_received();
+	AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
+		AssetHubRococo::assert_xcmp_queue_success(None);
+	});
+
+	let receiver_usdts_after =
+		foreign_balance_on_ah_rococo(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_rococo, &receiver);
+	let receiver_weth_after = foreign_balance_on_ah_rococo(bridged_weth_at_ah, &receiver);
+
+	// Receiver's USDT balance is increased by almost `amount` (minus fees)
+	assert!(receiver_usdts_after > receiver_usdts_before);
+	assert!(receiver_usdts_after < receiver_usdts_before + amount);
+	// Receiver's wETH balance is increased by sent amount
+	assert_eq!(receiver_weth_after, receiver_weth_before + amount);
 }
 
 #[test]
-/// Send bridged assets "back" from AssetHub Rococo to AssetHub Westend.
-///
-/// This mix of assets should cover the whole range:
-/// - bridged native assets: ROC,
-/// - bridged trust-based assets: USDT (exists only on Rococo, Westend gets it from Rococo over
-///   bridge),
-/// - bridged foreign asset / double-bridged asset (other bridge / Snowfork): wETH (bridged from
-///   Ethereum to Rococo over Snowbridge, then bridged over to Westend through this bridge).
-fn send_back_rocs_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_rococo() {
+/// Send bridged ROCs "back" from AssetHub Westend to AssetHub Rococo.
+fn send_back_rocs_from_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_rococo() {
 	let prefund_amount = 10_000_000_000_000u128;
 	let amount_to_send = ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED * 1_000;
 	let sender = AssetHubWestendSender::get();
@@ -193,10 +267,6 @@ fn send_back_rocs_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_rococo() {
 	let prefund_accounts = vec![(sender.clone(), prefund_amount)];
 	create_foreign_on_ah_westend(bridged_roc_at_asset_hub_westend.clone(), true, prefund_accounts);
 
-	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-	// Let's first send back just some ROCs as a simple example
-	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
 	// fund the AHW's SA on AHR with the ROC tokens held in reserve
 	let sov_ahw_on_ahr = AssetHubRococo::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
 		Westend,
@@ -257,96 +327,6 @@ fn send_back_rocs_usdt_and_weth_from_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_rococo() {
 	assert!(receiver_rocs_after > receiver_rocs_before);
 	// Reserve balance is reduced by sent amount
 	assert_eq!(rocs_in_reserve_on_ahr_after, rocs_in_reserve_on_ahr_before - amount_to_send);
-
-	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-	// Now let's send back over USDTs + wETH (and pay fees with USDT)
-	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-	// wETH has same relative location on both Rococo and Westend AssetHubs
-	let bridged_weth_at_ah = weth_at_asset_hubs();
-	let bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_westend = bridged_usdt_at_ah_westend();
-
-	// set up destination chain AH Rococo:
-	// create a ROC/USDT pool to be able to pay fees with USDT (USDT created in genesis)
-	set_up_pool_with_roc_on_ah_rococo(usdt_at_ah_rococo(), false);
-	// create wETH on Rococo (IRL it's already created by Snowbridge)
-	create_foreign_on_ah_rococo(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), true);
-	// prefund AHW's sovereign account on AHR to be able to withdraw USDT and wETH from reserves
-	let sov_ahw_on_ahr = AssetHubRococo::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
-		Westend,
-		AssetHubWestend::para_id(),
-	);
-	AssetHubRococo::mint_asset(
-		<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubRococoAssetOwner::get()),
-		USDT_ID,
-		sov_ahw_on_ahr.clone(),
-		amount_to_send * 2,
-	);
-	AssetHubRococo::mint_foreign_asset(
-		<AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(AssetHubRococo::account_id_of(ALICE)),
-		bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(),
-		sov_ahw_on_ahr,
-		amount_to_send * 2,
-	);
-
-	// set up source chain AH Westend:
-	// create wETH and USDT foreign assets on Westend and prefund sender's account
-	let prefund_accounts = vec![(sender.clone(), amount_to_send * 2)];
-	create_foreign_on_ah_westend(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), true, prefund_accounts.clone());
-	create_foreign_on_ah_westend(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_westend.clone(), true, prefund_accounts);
-
-	// check balances before
-	let receiver_usdts_before = AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
-		type Assets = <AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::Assets;
-		<Assets as Inspect<_>>::balance(USDT_ID, &receiver)
-	});
-	let receiver_weth_before = foreign_balance_on_ah_rococo(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone(), &receiver);
-
-	let usdt_id: AssetId = Location::try_from(bridged_usdt_at_asset_hub_westend).unwrap().into();
-	// send USDTs and wETHs
-	let assets: Assets = vec![
-		(usdt_id.clone(), amount_to_send).into(),
-		(Location::try_from(bridged_weth_at_ah.clone()).unwrap(), amount_to_send).into(),
-	]
-	.into();
-	// use USDT for fees
-	let fee = usdt_id;
-
-	// use the more involved transfer extrinsic
-	let custom_xcm_on_dest = Xcm::<()>(vec![DepositAsset {
-		assets: Wild(AllCounted(assets.len() as u32)),
-		beneficiary: AccountId32Junction { network: None, id: receiver.clone().into() }.into(),
-	}]);
-	assert_ok!(AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
-		<AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::PolkadotXcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then(
-			<AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::signed(sender.into()),
-			bx!(asset_hub_rococo_location().into()),
-			bx!(assets.into()),
-			bx!(TransferType::DestinationReserve),
-			bx!(fee.into()),
-			bx!(TransferType::DestinationReserve),
-			bx!(VersionedXcm::from(custom_xcm_on_dest)),
-			WeightLimit::Unlimited,
-		)
-	}));
-	// verify hops (also advances the message through the hops)
-	assert_bridge_hub_westend_message_accepted(true);
-	assert_bridge_hub_rococo_message_received();
-	AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
-		AssetHubRococo::assert_xcmp_queue_success(None);
-	});
-
-	let receiver_usdts_after = AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
-		type Assets = <AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::Assets;
-		<Assets as Inspect<_>>::balance(USDT_ID, &receiver)
-	});
-	let receiver_weth_after = foreign_balance_on_ah_rococo(bridged_weth_at_ah, &receiver);
-
-	// Receiver's USDT balance is increased by almost `amount_to_send` (minus fees)
-	assert!(receiver_usdts_after > receiver_usdts_before);
-	assert!(receiver_usdts_after < receiver_usdts_before + amount_to_send);
-	// Receiver's wETH balance is increased by `amount_to_send`
-	assert_eq!(receiver_weth_after, receiver_weth_before + amount_to_send);
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -452,6 +432,16 @@ fn send_back_rocs_from_penpal_westend_through_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_roc
 		ASSET_MIN_BALANCE,
 		vec![(sender.clone(), amount * 2)],
 	);
+	// Configure source Penpal chain to trust local AH as reserve of bridged ROC
+	PenpalB::execute_with(|| {
+		assert_ok!(<PenpalB as Chain>::System::set_storage(
+			<PenpalB as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::root(),
+			vec![(
+				PenpalCustomizableAssetFromSystemAssetHub::key().to_vec(),
+				roc_at_westend_parachains.encode(),
+			)],
+		));
+	});
 
 	// fund the AHW's SA on AHR with the ROC tokens held in reserve
 	let sov_ahw_on_ahr = AssetHubRococo::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
@@ -544,3 +534,12 @@ fn send_back_rocs_from_penpal_westend_through_asset_hub_westend_to_asset_hub_roc
 	assert!(receiver_rocs_after > receiver_rocs_before);
 	assert!(receiver_rocs_after <= receiver_rocs_before + amount);
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn dry_run_transfer_to_rococo_sends_xcm_to_bridge_hub() {
+	test_dry_run_transfer_across_pk_bridge!(
+		AssetHubWestend,
+		BridgeHubWestend,
+		asset_hub_rococo_location()
+	);
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/mod.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/mod.rs
index 699641d3328fc416ae6ef0c550eb1961084c50e1..af11f0f7ba723fd790e8c026dead84dcefab704c 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/mod.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use crate::imports::*;
 
 mod asset_transfers;
 mod claim_assets;
+mod register_bridged_assets;
 mod send_xcm;
 mod teleport;
 
@@ -47,15 +48,15 @@ pub(crate) fn bridged_roc_at_ah_westend() -> Location {
 }
 
 // USDT and wUSDT
-pub(crate) fn usdt_at_ah_rococo() -> Location {
+pub(crate) fn usdt_at_ah_westend() -> Location {
 	Location::new(0, [PalletInstance(ASSETS_PALLET_ID), GeneralIndex(USDT_ID.into())])
 }
-pub(crate) fn bridged_usdt_at_ah_westend() -> Location {
+pub(crate) fn bridged_usdt_at_ah_rococo() -> Location {
 	Location::new(
 		2,
 		[
-			GlobalConsensus(Rococo),
-			Parachain(AssetHubRococo::para_id().into()),
+			GlobalConsensus(Westend),
+			Parachain(AssetHubWestend::para_id().into()),
 			PalletInstance(ASSETS_PALLET_ID),
 			GeneralIndex(USDT_ID.into()),
 		],
@@ -246,17 +247,6 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_between_asset_hub_rococo_and_asset_hub_westend() {
 			)),
 		)),
 	);
-	BridgeHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
-		type RuntimeEvent = <BridgeHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
-		assert_expected_events!(
-			BridgeHubRococo,
-			vec![
-				RuntimeEvent::XcmOverBridgeHubWestend(
-					pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Event::BridgeOpened { .. }
-				) => {},
-			]
-		);
-	});
 
 	// open AHW -> AHR
 	BridgeHubWestend::fund_para_sovereign(AssetHubWestend::para_id(), WND * 5);
@@ -270,15 +260,4 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_between_asset_hub_rococo_and_asset_hub_westend() {
 			)),
 		)),
 	);
-	BridgeHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
-		type RuntimeEvent = <BridgeHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
-		assert_expected_events!(
-			BridgeHubWestend,
-			vec![
-				RuntimeEvent::XcmOverBridgeHubRococo(
-					pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Event::BridgeOpened { .. }
-				) => {},
-			]
-		);
-	});
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/register_bridged_assets.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/register_bridged_assets.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7a7ad6da2d55dd349eb250055e4ccdeb44e9c035
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/bridges/bridge-hub-westend/src/tests/register_bridged_assets.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use crate::{
+	imports::*,
+	tests::{
+		snowbridge::{CHAIN_ID, WETH},
+		*,
+	},
+};
+
+const XCM_FEE: u128 = 40_000_000_000;
+
+/// Tests the registering of a Westend Asset as a bridged asset on Rococo Asset Hub.
+#[test]
+fn register_westend_asset_on_rah_from_wah() {
+	// Westend Asset Hub asset when bridged to Rococo Asset Hub.
+	let bridged_asset_at_rah = Location::new(
+		2,
+		[
+			GlobalConsensus(Westend),
+			Parachain(AssetHubWestend::para_id().into()),
+			PalletInstance(ASSETS_PALLET_ID),
+			GeneralIndex(ASSET_ID.into()),
+		],
+	);
+	// Register above asset on Rococo AH from Westend AH.
+	register_asset_on_rah_from_wah(bridged_asset_at_rah);
+}
+
+/// Tests the registering of an Ethereum Asset as a bridged asset on Rococo Asset Hub.
+#[test]
+fn register_ethereum_asset_on_rah_from_wah() {
+	// Ethereum asset when bridged to Rococo Asset Hub.
+	let bridged_asset_at_rah = Location::new(
+		2,
+		[
+			GlobalConsensus(Ethereum { chain_id: CHAIN_ID }),
+			AccountKey20 { network: None, key: WETH },
+		],
+	);
+	// Register above asset on Rococo AH from Westend AH.
+	register_asset_on_rah_from_wah(bridged_asset_at_rah);
+}
+
+fn register_asset_on_rah_from_wah(bridged_asset_at_rah: Location) {
+	let sa_of_wah_on_rah = AssetHubRococo::sovereign_account_of_parachain_on_other_global_consensus(
+		Westend,
+		AssetHubWestend::para_id(),
+	);
+
+	// Encoded `create_asset` call to be executed in Rococo Asset Hub ForeignAssets pallet.
+	let call = AssetHubRococo::create_foreign_asset_call(
+		bridged_asset_at_rah.clone(),
+		ASSET_MIN_BALANCE,
+		sa_of_wah_on_rah.clone(),
+	);
+
+	let origin_kind = OriginKind::Xcm;
+	let fee_amount = XCM_FEE;
+	let fees = (Parent, fee_amount).into();
+
+	let xcm = xcm_transact_paid_execution(call, origin_kind, fees, sa_of_wah_on_rah.clone());
+
+	// SA-of-WAH-on-RAH needs to have balance to pay for fees and asset creation deposit
+	AssetHubRococo::fund_accounts(vec![(
+		sa_of_wah_on_rah.clone(),
+		ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED * 10000000000,
+	)]);
+
+	let destination = asset_hub_rococo_location();
+
+	// fund the WAH's SA on WBH for paying bridge transport fees
+	BridgeHubWestend::fund_para_sovereign(AssetHubWestend::para_id(), 10_000_000_000_000u128);
+
+	// set XCM versions
+	AssetHubWestend::force_xcm_version(destination.clone(), XCM_VERSION);
+	BridgeHubWestend::force_xcm_version(bridge_hub_rococo_location(), XCM_VERSION);
+
+	let root_origin = <AssetHubWestend as Chain>::RuntimeOrigin::root();
+	AssetHubWestend::execute_with(|| {
+		assert_ok!(<AssetHubWestend as AssetHubWestendPallet>::PolkadotXcm::send(
+			root_origin,
+			bx!(destination.into()),
+			bx!(xcm),
+		));
+
+		AssetHubWestend::assert_xcm_pallet_sent();
+	});
+
+	assert_bridge_hub_westend_message_accepted(true);
+	assert_bridge_hub_rococo_message_received();
+	AssetHubRococo::execute_with(|| {
+		type RuntimeEvent = <AssetHubRococo as Chain>::RuntimeEvent;
+		AssetHubRococo::assert_xcmp_queue_success(None);
+		assert_expected_events!(
+			AssetHubRococo,
+			vec![
+				// Burned the fee
+				RuntimeEvent::Balances(pallet_balances::Event::Burned { who, amount }) => {
+					who: *who == sa_of_wah_on_rah.clone(),
+					amount: *amount == fee_amount,
+				},
+				// Foreign Asset created
+				RuntimeEvent::ForeignAssets(pallet_assets::Event::Created { asset_id, creator, owner }) => {
+					asset_id: asset_id == &bridged_asset_at_rah,
+					creator: *creator == sa_of_wah_on_rah.clone(),
+					owner: *owner == sa_of_wah_on_rah,
+				},
+				// Unspent fee minted to origin
+				RuntimeEvent::Balances(pallet_balances::Event::Minted { who, .. }) => {
+					who: *who == sa_of_wah_on_rah.clone(),
+				},
+			]
+		);
+		type ForeignAssets = <AssetHubRococo as AssetHubRococoPallet>::ForeignAssets;
+		assert!(ForeignAssets::asset_exists(bridged_asset_at_rah));
+	});
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/people/people-rococo/src/tests/teleport.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/people/people-rococo/src/tests/teleport.rs
index 44e6b3934f0e7999d15e78d0393aed129ada2455..2619ca7591d03dd2f5436bda502aec951c6a71da 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/people/people-rococo/src/tests/teleport.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/people/people-rococo/src/tests/teleport.rs
@@ -107,7 +107,9 @@ fn limited_teleport_native_assets_from_system_para_to_relay_fails() {
 	let delivery_fees = PeopleRococo::execute_with(|| {
 		xcm_helpers::teleport_assets_delivery_fees::<
 			<PeopleRococoXcmConfig as xcm_executor::Config>::XcmSender,
-		>(test.args.assets.clone(), 0, test.args.weight_limit, test.args.beneficiary, test.args.dest)
+		>(
+			test.args.assets.clone(), 0, test.args.weight_limit, test.args.beneficiary, test.args.dest
+		)
 	});
 
 	// Sender's balance is reduced
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/people/people-westend/src/tests/teleport.rs b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/people/people-westend/src/tests/teleport.rs
index 83888031723ffffef24f86717741ddab1bf2598a..d9a2c23ac0c61ee1c730f44887fe99ae1dc6ffc6 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/people/people-westend/src/tests/teleport.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/integration-tests/emulated/tests/people/people-westend/src/tests/teleport.rs
@@ -107,7 +107,9 @@ fn limited_teleport_native_assets_from_system_para_to_relay_fails() {
 	let delivery_fees = PeopleWestend::execute_with(|| {
 		xcm_helpers::teleport_assets_delivery_fees::<
 			<PeopleWestendXcmConfig as xcm_executor::Config>::XcmSender,
-		>(test.args.assets.clone(), 0, test.args.weight_limit, test.args.beneficiary, test.args.dest)
+		>(
+			test.args.assets.clone(), 0, test.args.weight_limit, test.args.beneficiary, test.args.dest
+		)
 	});
 
 	// Sender's balance is reduced
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
index 47e0983a41506f882ce0689dfe0518dad5b38376..00f2cf8f636f2c5e4e5c62a1377b65e2ce61f7e5 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ sp-api = { workspace = true }
 sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true }
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-inherents = { workspace = true }
 sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-offchain = { workspace = true }
@@ -239,6 +240,7 @@ std = [
 	"sp-core/std",
 	"sp-genesis-builder/std",
 	"sp-inherents/std",
+	"sp-keyring/std",
 	"sp-offchain/std",
 	"sp-runtime/std",
 	"sp-session/std",
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
index 1dbd92d6bff0be297ba21299af3e50a10d230332..dc98d00f8f63a2d02a058869e750173322016ce3 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@ use crate::*;
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
 use hex_literal::hex;
-use parachains_common::{genesis_config_helpers::*, AccountId, AuraId};
-use sp_core::{crypto::UncheckedInto, sr25519};
+use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
+use sp_core::crypto::UncheckedInto;
 use sp_genesis_builder::PresetId;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::rococo::{currency::UNITS as ROC, xcm_version::SAFE_XCM_VERSION};
 
 const ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_ED: Balance = ExistentialDeposit::get();
@@ -109,43 +110,21 @@ pub fn get_preset(id: &PresetId) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::LOCAL_TESTNET_RUNTIME_PRESET) => asset_hub_rococo_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
-			],
-			ROC * 1_000_000,
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|x| x.to_account_id()).collect(),
+			testnet_parachains_constants::rococo::currency::UNITS * 1_000_000,
 			1000.into(),
 		),
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET) => asset_hub_rococo_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
-			vec![(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			)],
+			vec![(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into())],
 			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::AliceStash.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::BobStash.to_account_id(),
 			],
 			ROC * 1_000_000,
 			1000.into(),
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
index e46734dfa97da2d6cf13507d27c01dc886d1a6ad..67f810e1eb682566d92c64401cc054c9d253298e 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("statemine"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("statemine"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 16,
@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -419,6 +420,7 @@ impl pallet_assets::Config<ForeignAssetsInstance> for Runtime {
 		(
 			FromSiblingParachain<parachain_info::Pallet<Runtime>, xcm::v4::Location>,
 			FromNetwork<xcm_config::UniversalLocation, EthereumNetwork, xcm::v4::Location>,
+			xcm_config::bridging::to_westend::WestendOrEthereumAssetFromAssetHubWestend,
 		),
 		ForeignCreatorsSovereignAccountOf,
 		AccountId,
@@ -545,7 +547,8 @@ impl InstanceFilter<RuntimeCall> for ProxyType {
 						RuntimeCall::Utility { .. } |
 						RuntimeCall::Multisig { .. } |
 						RuntimeCall::NftFractionalization { .. } |
-						RuntimeCall::Nfts { .. } | RuntimeCall::Uniques { .. }
+						RuntimeCall::Nfts { .. } |
+						RuntimeCall::Uniques { .. }
 				)
 			},
 			ProxyType::AssetOwner => matches!(
@@ -866,7 +869,7 @@ impl pallet_nft_fractionalization::Config for Runtime {
 	type Assets = Assets;
 	type Nfts = Nfts;
 	type PalletId = NftFractionalizationPalletId;
-	type WeightInfo = pallet_nft_fractionalization::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;
+	type WeightInfo = weights::pallet_nft_fractionalization::WeightInfo<Runtime>;
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 	type BenchmarkHelper = ();
@@ -1332,7 +1335,23 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 
 	impl xcm_runtime_apis::fees::XcmPaymentApi<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn query_acceptable_payment_assets(xcm_version: xcm::Version) -> Result<Vec<VersionedAssetId>, XcmPaymentApiError> {
-			let acceptable_assets = vec![AssetId(xcm_config::TokenLocation::get())];
+			let native_token = xcm_config::TokenLocation::get();
+			// We accept the native token to pay fees.
+			let mut acceptable_assets = vec![AssetId(native_token.clone())];
+			// We also accept all assets in a pool with the native token.
+			acceptable_assets.extend(
+				pallet_asset_conversion::Pools::<Runtime>::iter_keys().filter_map(
+					|(asset_1, asset_2)| {
+						if asset_1 == native_token {
+							Some(asset_2.clone().into())
+						} else if asset_2 == native_token {
+							Some(asset_1.clone().into())
+						} else {
+							None
+						}
+					},
+				),
+			);
 			PolkadotXcm::query_acceptable_payment_assets(xcm_version, acceptable_assets)
 		}
 
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
index fab0141e6d41a6923f85b9fb363e03471abe1028..32fbfb6d0199f92db2564c332ae160235b02328e 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -361,8 +361,8 @@ impl xcm_executor::Config for XcmConfig {
 	// to the Westend ecosystem. We also allow Ethereum contracts to act as reserves for the foreign
 	// assets identified by the same respective contracts locations.
 	type IsReserve = (
-		bridging::to_westend::WestendAssetFromAssetHubWestend,
-		bridging::to_ethereum::IsTrustedBridgedReserveLocationForForeignAsset,
+		bridging::to_westend::WestendOrEthereumAssetFromAssetHubWestend,
+		bridging::to_ethereum::EthereumAssetFromEthereum,
 	);
 	type IsTeleporter = TrustedTeleporters;
 	type UniversalLocation = UniversalLocation;
@@ -517,6 +517,7 @@ pub type ForeignCreatorsSovereignAccountOf = (
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
 	ParentIsPreset<AccountId>,
 	GlobalConsensusEthereumConvertsFor<AccountId>,
+	GlobalConsensusParachainConvertsFor<UniversalLocation, AccountId>,
 );
 
 /// Simple conversion of `u32` into an `AssetId` for use in benchmarking.
@@ -589,7 +590,9 @@ pub mod bridging {
 			);
 
 			pub const WestendNetwork: NetworkId = NetworkId::Westend;
+			pub const EthereumNetwork: NetworkId = NetworkId::Ethereum { chain_id: 11155111 };
 			pub WestendEcosystem: Location = Location::new(2, [GlobalConsensus(WestendNetwork::get())]);
+			pub EthereumEcosystem: Location = Location::new(2, [GlobalConsensus(EthereumNetwork::get())]);
 			pub WndLocation: Location = Location::new(2, [GlobalConsensus(WestendNetwork::get())]);
 			pub AssetHubWestend: Location = Location::new(2, [
 				GlobalConsensus(WestendNetwork::get()),
@@ -627,9 +630,12 @@ pub mod bridging {
 			}
 		}
 
-		/// Allow any asset native to the Westend ecosystem if it comes from Westend Asset Hub.
-		pub type WestendAssetFromAssetHubWestend =
-			matching::RemoteAssetFromLocation<StartsWith<WestendEcosystem>, AssetHubWestend>;
+		/// Allow any asset native to the Westend or Ethereum ecosystems if it comes from Westend
+		/// Asset Hub.
+		pub type WestendOrEthereumAssetFromAssetHubWestend = matching::RemoteAssetFromLocation<
+			(StartsWith<WestendEcosystem>, StartsWith<EthereumEcosystem>),
+			AssetHubWestend,
+		>;
 	}
 
 	pub mod to_ethereum {
@@ -672,7 +678,7 @@ pub mod bridging {
 			);
 		}
 
-		pub type IsTrustedBridgedReserveLocationForForeignAsset =
+		pub type EthereumAssetFromEthereum =
 			IsForeignConcreteAsset<FromNetwork<UniversalLocation, EthereumNetwork>>;
 
 		impl Contains<(Location, Junction)> for UniversalAliases {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/tests/tests.rs
index 6b0cf87a6f7a16e8a5e4af8a11d9bb9031f820fe..6e10f9168990114d6518ebeaf832c3a57801b308 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/tests/tests.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/tests/tests.rs
@@ -48,12 +48,14 @@ use frame_support::{
 };
 use parachains_common::{AccountId, AssetIdForTrustBackedAssets, AuraId, Balance};
 use sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
 use sp_runtime::traits::MaybeEquivalence;
 use std::convert::Into;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::rococo::{consensus::*, currency::UNITS, fee::WeightToFee};
 use xcm::latest::prelude::{Assets as XcmAssets, *};
 use xcm_builder::WithLatestLocationConverter;
 use xcm_executor::traits::{JustTry, WeightTrader};
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
 
 const ALICE: [u8; 32] = [1u8; 32];
 const SOME_ASSET_ADMIN: [u8; 32] = [5u8; 32];
@@ -1355,3 +1357,112 @@ fn change_xcm_bridge_hub_ethereum_base_fee_by_governance_works() {
 		},
 	)
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DN5SGsuUG7PAqFL47J9meViwdnk9AdeSWKFkcHC45hEzVz4",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DGRXLYwWGce7wvm14vX1Ms4Vf118FSWQbJkyQigY2pfm6bg",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
index 1434c3e3b6016af13339f348c8ec3a838e6d3d6e..72a125cee2ad51feecff841fb9789fb2d0aae77c 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ sp-api = { workspace = true }
 sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true }
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-inherents = { workspace = true }
 sp-offchain = { workspace = true }
@@ -242,6 +243,7 @@ std = [
 	"sp-core/std",
 	"sp-genesis-builder/std",
 	"sp-inherents/std",
+	"sp-keyring/std",
 	"sp-offchain/std",
 	"sp-runtime/std",
 	"sp-session/std",
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
index b287dcd56219aa13cbfb72f7e3a3e5681581ea91..758ce3f40609fdc322807d1ac222df737a0bc3b6 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@ use crate::*;
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
 use hex_literal::hex;
-use parachains_common::{genesis_config_helpers::*, AccountId, AuraId};
-use sp_core::{crypto::UncheckedInto, sr25519};
+use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
+use sp_core::crypto::UncheckedInto;
 use sp_genesis_builder::PresetId;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::westend::{
 	currency::UNITS as WND, xcm_version::SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
 };
@@ -107,43 +108,21 @@ pub fn get_preset(id: &PresetId) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::LOCAL_TESTNET_RUNTIME_PRESET) => asset_hub_westend_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
-			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 			WND * 1_000_000,
 			1000.into(),
 		),
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET) => asset_hub_westend_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
-			vec![(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			)],
+			vec![(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into())],
 			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::AliceStash.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::BobStash.to_account_id(),
 			],
 			WND * 1_000_000,
 			1000.into(),
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
index 946b72e966e91c0b51eead4f5ec051cf009fff26..aaeb3919987171d462bbcc5c8a6a0f2299186c3c 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("westmint"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("westmint"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 16,
@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -417,6 +418,7 @@ impl pallet_assets::Config<ForeignAssetsInstance> for Runtime {
 		(
 			FromSiblingParachain<parachain_info::Pallet<Runtime>, xcm::v4::Location>,
 			FromNetwork<xcm_config::UniversalLocation, EthereumNetwork, xcm::v4::Location>,
+			xcm_config::bridging::to_rococo::RococoAssetFromAssetHubRococo,
 		),
 		ForeignCreatorsSovereignAccountOf,
 		AccountId,
@@ -543,7 +545,8 @@ impl InstanceFilter<RuntimeCall> for ProxyType {
 						RuntimeCall::Utility { .. } |
 						RuntimeCall::Multisig { .. } |
 						RuntimeCall::NftFractionalization { .. } |
-						RuntimeCall::Nfts { .. } | RuntimeCall::Uniques { .. }
+						RuntimeCall::Nfts { .. } |
+						RuntimeCall::Uniques { .. }
 				)
 			},
 			ProxyType::AssetOwner => matches!(
@@ -859,7 +862,7 @@ impl pallet_nft_fractionalization::Config for Runtime {
 	type Assets = Assets;
 	type Nfts = Nfts;
 	type PalletId = NftFractionalizationPalletId;
-	type WeightInfo = pallet_nft_fractionalization::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;
+	type WeightInfo = weights::pallet_nft_fractionalization::WeightInfo<Runtime>;
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 	type BenchmarkHelper = ();
@@ -1365,7 +1368,23 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 
 	impl xcm_runtime_apis::fees::XcmPaymentApi<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn query_acceptable_payment_assets(xcm_version: xcm::Version) -> Result<Vec<VersionedAssetId>, XcmPaymentApiError> {
-			let acceptable_assets = vec![AssetId(xcm_config::WestendLocation::get())];
+			let native_token = xcm_config::WestendLocation::get();
+			// We accept the native token to pay fees.
+			let mut acceptable_assets = vec![AssetId(native_token.clone())];
+			// We also accept all assets in a pool with the native token.
+			acceptable_assets.extend(
+				pallet_asset_conversion::Pools::<Runtime>::iter_keys().filter_map(
+					|(asset_1, asset_2)| {
+						if asset_1 == native_token {
+							Some(asset_2.clone().into())
+						} else if asset_2 == native_token {
+							Some(asset_1.clone().into())
+						} else {
+							None
+						}
+					},
+				),
+			);
 			PolkadotXcm::query_acceptable_payment_assets(xcm_version, acceptable_assets)
 		}
 
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
index cc96bd59cb4880649224632f653b4fc6a392ab2f..cfd9fd2fd463e37fd6a7dd2fdf08a397db26eff1 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeFamily, DescribePalletTerminal,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
 	EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, FungiblesAdapter,
 	GlobalConsensusParachainConvertsFor, HashedDescription, IsConcrete, LocalMint,
 	MatchedConvertedConcreteId, NetworkExportTableItem, NoChecking, NonFungiblesAdapter,
@@ -93,9 +93,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>,
 	// Straight up local `AccountId32` origins just alias directly to `AccountId`.
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
-	// Foreign chain account alias into local accounts according to a hash of their standard
-	// description.
-	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribePalletTerminal>>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 	// Different global consensus parachain sovereign account.
 	// (Used for over-bridge transfers and reserve processing)
 	GlobalConsensusParachainConvertsFor<UniversalLocation, AccountId>,
@@ -384,8 +383,8 @@ impl xcm_executor::Config for XcmConfig {
 	// held). On Westend Asset Hub, we allow Rococo Asset Hub to act as reserve for any asset native
 	// to the Rococo or Ethereum ecosystems.
 	type IsReserve = (
-		bridging::to_rococo::RococoOrEthereumAssetFromAssetHubRococo,
-		bridging::to_ethereum::IsTrustedBridgedReserveLocationForForeignAsset,
+		bridging::to_rococo::RococoAssetFromAssetHubRococo,
+		bridging::to_ethereum::EthereumAssetFromEthereum,
 	);
 	type IsTeleporter = TrustedTeleporters;
 	type UniversalLocation = UniversalLocation;
@@ -541,6 +540,7 @@ pub type ForeignCreatorsSovereignAccountOf = (
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
 	ParentIsPreset<AccountId>,
 	GlobalConsensusEthereumConvertsFor<AccountId>,
+	GlobalConsensusParachainConvertsFor<UniversalLocation, AccountId>,
 );
 
 /// Simple conversion of `u32` into an `AssetId` for use in benchmarking.
@@ -605,10 +605,8 @@ pub mod bridging {
 			);
 
 			pub const RococoNetwork: NetworkId = NetworkId::Rococo;
-			pub const EthereumNetwork: NetworkId = NetworkId::Ethereum { chain_id: 11155111 };
 			pub RococoEcosystem: Location = Location::new(2, [GlobalConsensus(RococoNetwork::get())]);
 			pub RocLocation: Location = Location::new(2, [GlobalConsensus(RococoNetwork::get())]);
-			pub EthereumEcosystem: Location = Location::new(2, [GlobalConsensus(EthereumNetwork::get())]);
 			pub AssetHubRococo: Location = Location::new(2, [
 				GlobalConsensus(RococoNetwork::get()),
 				Parachain(bp_asset_hub_rococo::ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_PARACHAIN_ID)
@@ -645,12 +643,9 @@ pub mod bridging {
 			}
 		}
 
-		/// Allow any asset native to the Rococo or Ethereum ecosystems if it comes from Rococo
-		/// Asset Hub.
-		pub type RococoOrEthereumAssetFromAssetHubRococo = matching::RemoteAssetFromLocation<
-			(StartsWith<RococoEcosystem>, StartsWith<EthereumEcosystem>),
-			AssetHubRococo,
-		>;
+		/// Allow any asset native to the Rococo ecosystem if it comes from Rococo Asset Hub.
+		pub type RococoAssetFromAssetHubRococo =
+			matching::RemoteAssetFromLocation<StartsWith<RococoEcosystem>, AssetHubRococo>;
 	}
 
 	pub mod to_ethereum {
@@ -704,7 +699,7 @@ pub mod bridging {
 
 		pub type EthereumNetworkExportTable = xcm_builder::NetworkExportTable<EthereumBridgeTable>;
 
-		pub type IsTrustedBridgedReserveLocationForForeignAsset =
+		pub type EthereumAssetFromEthereum =
 			IsForeignConcreteAsset<FromNetwork<UniversalLocation, EthereumNetwork>>;
 
 		impl Contains<(Location, Junction)> for UniversalAliases {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/tests/tests.rs
index ad3c450eb375d1bb85da7230b3c9a30ec8fd911f..ff84bdea69f42aa8868cd9d700a6448d51d9b574 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/tests/tests.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/tests/tests.rs
@@ -49,12 +49,14 @@ use frame_support::{
 };
 use parachains_common::{AccountId, AssetIdForTrustBackedAssets, AuraId, Balance};
 use sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
 use sp_runtime::traits::MaybeEquivalence;
 use std::{convert::Into, ops::Mul};
 use testnet_parachains_constants::westend::{consensus::*, currency::UNITS, fee::WeightToFee};
 use xcm::latest::prelude::{Assets as XcmAssets, *};
 use xcm_builder::WithLatestLocationConverter;
 use xcm_executor::traits::{ConvertLocation, JustTry, WeightTrader};
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
 
 const ALICE: [u8; 32] = [1u8; 32];
 const SOME_ASSET_ADMIN: [u8; 32] = [5u8; 32];
@@ -1329,3 +1331,112 @@ fn reserve_transfer_native_asset_to_non_teleport_para_works() {
 		WeightLimit::Unlimited,
 	);
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DN5SGsuUG7PAqFL47J9meViwdnk9AdeSWKFkcHC45hEzVz4",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DGRXLYwWGce7wvm14vX1Ms4Vf118FSWQbJkyQigY2pfm6bg",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/common/src/matching.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/common/src/matching.rs
index 9bb35d0c5328b8de455f6f3c75f4d2965d5fe44f..9ac2056a67f43361ae279e304d3bc1b60d8f04b0 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/common/src/matching.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/common/src/matching.rs
@@ -102,19 +102,27 @@ impl<
 pub struct RemoteAssetFromLocation<AssetsAllowedNetworks, OriginLocation>(
 	core::marker::PhantomData<(AssetsAllowedNetworks, OriginLocation)>,
 );
-impl<AssetsAllowedNetworks: Contains<Location>, OriginLocation: Get<Location>>
-	ContainsPair<Asset, Location> for RemoteAssetFromLocation<AssetsAllowedNetworks, OriginLocation>
+impl<
+		L: TryInto<Location> + Clone,
+		AssetsAllowedNetworks: Contains<Location>,
+		OriginLocation: Get<Location>,
+	> ContainsPair<L, L> for RemoteAssetFromLocation<AssetsAllowedNetworks, OriginLocation>
 {
-	fn contains(asset: &Asset, origin: &Location) -> bool {
+	fn contains(asset: &L, origin: &L) -> bool {
+		let Ok(asset) = asset.clone().try_into() else {
+			return false;
+		};
+		let Ok(origin) = origin.clone().try_into() else {
+			return false;
+		};
 		let expected_origin = OriginLocation::get();
 		// ensure `origin` is expected `OriginLocation`
-		if !expected_origin.eq(origin) {
+		if !expected_origin.eq(&origin) {
 			log::trace!(
 				target: "xcm::contains",
-				"RemoteAssetFromLocation asset: {:?}, origin: {:?} is not from expected {:?}",
-				asset, origin, expected_origin,
+				"RemoteAssetFromLocation asset: {asset:?}, origin: {origin:?} is not from expected {expected_origin:?}"
 			);
-			return false
+			return false;
 		} else {
 			log::trace!(
 				target: "xcm::contains",
@@ -123,7 +131,14 @@ impl<AssetsAllowedNetworks: Contains<Location>, OriginLocation: Get<Location>>
 		}
 
 		// ensure `asset` is from remote consensus listed in `AssetsAllowedNetworks`
-		AssetsAllowedNetworks::contains(&asset.id.0)
+		AssetsAllowedNetworks::contains(&asset)
+	}
+}
+impl<AssetsAllowedNetworks: Contains<Location>, OriginLocation: Get<Location>>
+	ContainsPair<Asset, Location> for RemoteAssetFromLocation<AssetsAllowedNetworks, OriginLocation>
+{
+	fn contains(asset: &Asset, origin: &Location) -> bool {
+		<Self as ContainsPair<Location, Location>>::contains(&asset.id.0, origin)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/test-utils/src/test_cases.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/test-utils/src/test_cases.rs
index 67b585ecfe86ff71f59888524353c12af1bc44c8..c80222142304b52e31b1e8c0343707ca6fcdbf3a 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/test-utils/src/test_cases.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/test-utils/src/test_cases.rs
@@ -1143,7 +1143,8 @@ pub fn create_and_manage_foreign_assets_for_local_consensus_parachain_assets_wor
 		.with_balances(vec![(
 			foreign_creator_as_account_id.clone(),
 			existential_deposit +
-				asset_deposit + metadata_deposit_base +
+				asset_deposit +
+				metadata_deposit_base +
 				metadata_deposit_per_byte_eta +
 				buy_execution_fee_amount.into() +
 				buy_execution_fee_amount.into(),
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
index 9a76e61ecb20c555f461ff3cf623cdc1009e605a..fd5782d68e434c23a4868e0ca39dfd35e3000bba 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,14 +13,10 @@ workspace = true
 substrate-wasm-builder = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 [dependencies]
-codec = { features = [
-	"derive",
-], workspace = true }
+codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 hex-literal = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
-scale-info = { features = [
-	"derive",
-], workspace = true }
+scale-info = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 serde = { optional = true, features = ["derive"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 serde_json = { features = ["alloc"], workspace = true }
 
@@ -47,6 +43,7 @@ sp-api = { workspace = true }
 sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true }
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-inherents = { workspace = true }
 sp-io = { workspace = true }
@@ -74,9 +71,7 @@ cumulus-pallet-aura-ext = { workspace = true }
 cumulus-pallet-parachain-system = { workspace = true }
 cumulus-pallet-session-benchmarking = { workspace = true }
 cumulus-pallet-xcm = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue = { features = [
-	"bridging",
-], workspace = true }
+cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue = { features = ["bridging"], workspace = true }
 cumulus-primitives-aura = { workspace = true }
 cumulus-primitives-core = { workspace = true }
 cumulus-primitives-storage-weight-reclaim = { workspace = true }
@@ -126,7 +121,6 @@ bridge-hub-common = { workspace = true }
 bridge-hub-test-utils = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 bridge-runtime-common = { features = ["integrity-test"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 pallet-bridge-relayers = { features = ["integrity-test"], workspace = true }
-sp-keyring = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 snowbridge-runtime-test-common = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 [features]
@@ -210,6 +204,7 @@ std = [
 	"sp-genesis-builder/std",
 	"sp-inherents/std",
 	"sp-io/std",
+	"sp-keyring/std",
 	"sp-offchain/std",
 	"sp-runtime/std",
 	"sp-session/std",
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_common_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_common_config.rs
index 779cc537ee96dcc2fadc38452dfcd01c4c320789..5dca45d326b83fb188a261d1c09737b828159ebf 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_common_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_common_config.rs
@@ -64,11 +64,37 @@ impl pallet_bridge_parachains::Config<BridgeParachainWestendInstance> for Runtim
 }
 
 /// Allows collect and claim rewards for relayers
-impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config for Runtime {
+pub type RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance = ();
+impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance> for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
 	type Reward = Balance;
-	type PaymentProcedure =
-		bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount<pallet_balances::Pallet<Runtime>, AccountId>;
+	type PaymentProcedure = bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount<
+		pallet_balances::Pallet<Runtime>,
+		AccountId,
+		Self::LaneId,
+	>;
+	type StakeAndSlash = pallet_bridge_relayers::StakeAndSlashNamed<
+		AccountId,
+		BlockNumber,
+		Balances,
+		RelayerStakeReserveId,
+		RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash,
+		RelayerStakeLease,
+	>;
+	type WeightInfo = weights::pallet_bridge_relayers::WeightInfo<Runtime>;
+	type LaneId = bp_messages::LegacyLaneId;
+}
+
+/// Allows collect and claim rewards for relayers
+pub type RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance = pallet_bridge_relayers::Instance2;
+impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance> for Runtime {
+	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
+	type Reward = Balance;
+	type PaymentProcedure = bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount<
+		pallet_balances::Pallet<Runtime>,
+		AccountId,
+		Self::LaneId,
+	>;
 	type StakeAndSlash = pallet_bridge_relayers::StakeAndSlashNamed<
 		AccountId,
 		BlockNumber,
@@ -78,6 +104,7 @@ impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config for Runtime {
 		RelayerStakeLease,
 	>;
 	type WeightInfo = weights::pallet_bridge_relayers::WeightInfo<Runtime>;
+	type LaneId = bp_messages::HashedLaneId;
 }
 
 /// Add GRANDPA bridge pallet to track Rococo Bulletin chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_to_bulletin_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_to_bulletin_config.rs
index 00d902486c850f0fc99219beb81bce3c9c830c78..c971fa59c68d7d4a3b6558274d61ad631246d1f6 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_to_bulletin_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_to_bulletin_config.rs
@@ -20,13 +20,14 @@
 //! are reusing Polkadot Bulletin chain primitives everywhere here.
 
 use crate::{
-	weights, xcm_config::UniversalLocation, AccountId, Balance, Balances,
-	BridgeRococoBulletinGrandpa, BridgeRococoBulletinMessages, PolkadotXcm, Runtime, RuntimeEvent,
-	RuntimeHoldReason, XcmOverRococoBulletin, XcmRouter,
+	bridge_common_config::RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance, weights,
+	xcm_config::UniversalLocation, AccountId, Balance, Balances, BridgeRococoBulletinGrandpa,
+	BridgeRococoBulletinMessages, PolkadotXcm, Runtime, RuntimeEvent, RuntimeHoldReason,
+	XcmOverRococoBulletin, XcmRouter,
 };
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof,
-	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof,
+	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, HashedLaneId,
 };
 use bridge_hub_common::xcm_version::XcmVersionOfDestAndRemoteBridge;
 
@@ -34,11 +35,11 @@ use frame_support::{
 	parameter_types,
 	traits::{Equals, PalletInfoAccess},
 };
-use frame_system::EnsureRoot;
+use frame_system::{EnsureNever, EnsureRoot};
+use pallet_bridge_messages::LaneIdOf;
 use pallet_bridge_relayers::extension::{
 	BridgeRelayersSignedExtension, WithMessagesExtensionConfig,
 };
-use pallet_xcm::EnsureXcm;
 use pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::XcmAsPlainPayload;
 use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::Sibling;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::rococo::currency::UNITS as ROC;
@@ -78,11 +79,11 @@ parameter_types! {
 }
 
 /// Proof of messages, coming from Rococo Bulletin chain.
-pub type FromRococoBulletinMessagesProof =
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<bp_polkadot_bulletin::Hash>;
+pub type FromRococoBulletinMessagesProof<MI> =
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<bp_polkadot_bulletin::Hash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MI>>;
 /// Messages delivery proof for Rococo Bridge Hub -> Rococo Bulletin messages.
-pub type ToRococoBulletinMessagesDeliveryProof =
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<bp_polkadot_bulletin::Hash>;
+pub type ToRococoBulletinMessagesDeliveryProof<MI> =
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<bp_polkadot_bulletin::Hash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MI>>;
 
 /// Dispatches received XCM messages from other bridge.
 type FromRococoBulletinMessageBlobDispatcher = BridgeBlobDispatcher<
@@ -99,8 +100,10 @@ pub type OnBridgeHubRococoRefundRococoBulletinMessages = BridgeRelayersSignedExt
 		StrOnBridgeHubRococoRefundRococoBulletinMessages,
 		Runtime,
 		WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance,
+		RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance,
 		PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 	>,
+	LaneIdOf<Runtime, WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance>,
 >;
 bp_runtime::generate_static_str_provider!(OnBridgeHubRococoRefundRococoBulletinMessages);
 
@@ -116,10 +119,10 @@ impl pallet_bridge_messages::Config<WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance> for Runt
 	type BridgedHeaderChain = BridgeRococoBulletinGrandpa;
 
 	type OutboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload;
-
 	type InboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload;
-	type DeliveryPayments = ();
+	type LaneId = HashedLaneId;
 
+	type DeliveryPayments = ();
 	type DeliveryConfirmationPayments = ();
 
 	type MessageDispatch = XcmOverRococoBulletin;
@@ -139,9 +142,9 @@ impl pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance> for Runtime
 	type DestinationVersion =
 		XcmVersionOfDestAndRemoteBridge<PolkadotXcm, RococoBulletinGlobalConsensusNetworkLocation>;
 
-	type AdminOrigin = EnsureRoot<AccountId>;
-	// Only allow calls from sibling People parachain to directly open the bridge.
-	type OpenBridgeOrigin = EnsureXcm<Equals<PeopleRococoLocation>>;
+	type ForceOrigin = EnsureRoot<AccountId>;
+	// We don't want to allow creating bridges for this instance.
+	type OpenBridgeOrigin = EnsureNever<Location>;
 	// Converter aligned with `OpenBridgeOrigin`.
 	type BridgeOriginAccountIdConverter =
 		(ParentIsPreset<AccountId>, SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>);
@@ -230,14 +233,20 @@ mod tests {
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
-pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
-	with: bp_messages::LaneId,
+pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks<R, XBHI, C>(
+	with: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneIdOf<R, XBHI>,
 	sibling_para_id: u32,
-) -> InteriorLocation {
+) -> InteriorLocation
+where
+	R: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XBHI>,
+	XBHI: 'static,
+	C: xcm_executor::traits::ConvertLocation<
+		bp_runtime::AccountIdOf<pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::ThisChainOf<R, XBHI>>,
+	>,
+{
 	use pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::{Bridge, BridgeId, BridgeState};
 	use sp_runtime::traits::Zero;
 	use xcm::VersionedInteriorLocation;
-	use xcm_executor::traits::ConvertLocation;
 
 	// insert bridge metadata
 	let lane_id = with;
@@ -248,7 +257,7 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
 	let bridge_id = BridgeId::new(&universal_source, &universal_destination);
 
 	// insert only bridge metadata, because the benchmarks create lanes
-	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Bridges::<Runtime, XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance>::insert(
+	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Bridges::<R, XBHI>::insert(
 		bridge_id,
 		Bridge {
 			bridge_origin_relative_location: alloc::boxed::Box::new(
@@ -261,17 +270,12 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
 				VersionedInteriorLocation::from(universal_destination),
 			),
 			state: BridgeState::Opened,
-			bridge_owner_account: crate::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId::convert_location(
-				&sibling_parachain,
-			)
-			.expect("valid AccountId"),
-			deposit: Balance::zero(),
+			bridge_owner_account: C::convert_location(&sibling_parachain).expect("valid AccountId"),
+			deposit: Zero::zero(),
 			lane_id,
 		},
 	);
-	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneToBridge::<Runtime, XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance>::insert(
-		lane_id, bridge_id,
-	);
+	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneToBridge::<R, XBHI>::insert(lane_id, bridge_id);
 
 	universal_source
 }
@@ -279,13 +283,16 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
 /// Contains the migration for the PeopleRococo<>RococoBulletin bridge.
 pub mod migration {
 	use super::*;
-	use bp_messages::LaneId;
 	use frame_support::traits::ConstBool;
-	use sp_runtime::Either;
 
 	parameter_types! {
-		pub RococoPeopleToRococoBulletinMessagesLane: LaneId = LaneId::from_inner(Either::Right([0, 0, 0, 0]));
 		pub BulletinRococoLocation: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(RococoBulletinGlobalConsensusNetwork::get())].into();
+		pub RococoPeopleToRococoBulletinMessagesLane: HashedLaneId = pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Pallet::< Runtime, XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance >::bridge_locations(
+				PeopleRococoLocation::get(),
+				BulletinRococoLocation::get()
+			)
+			.unwrap()
+			.calculate_lane_id(xcm::latest::VERSION).expect("Valid locations");
 	}
 
 	/// Ensure that the existing lanes for the People<>Bulletin bridge are correctly configured.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_to_westend_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_to_westend_config.rs
index fc52413a909fe63894cc1d2f94729f85abdfaa26..8fe045723107c58974c696ad9edf18a424b090b4 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_to_westend_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/bridge_to_westend_config.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@
 //! Bridge definitions used on BridgeHubRococo for bridging to BridgeHubWestend.
 
 use crate::{
-	bridge_common_config::{BridgeParachainWestendInstance, DeliveryRewardInBalance},
+	bridge_common_config::{
+		BridgeParachainWestendInstance, DeliveryRewardInBalance,
+		RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance,
+	},
 	weights,
 	xcm_config::UniversalLocation,
 	AccountId, Balance, Balances, BridgeWestendMessages, PolkadotXcm, Runtime, RuntimeEvent,
@@ -25,20 +28,18 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof,
-	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof,
+	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, LegacyLaneId,
 };
 use bridge_hub_common::xcm_version::XcmVersionOfDestAndRemoteBridge;
 use pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::XcmAsPlainPayload;
 
 use frame_support::{parameter_types, traits::PalletInfoAccess};
-use frame_system::EnsureRoot;
+use frame_system::{EnsureNever, EnsureRoot};
+use pallet_bridge_messages::LaneIdOf;
 use pallet_bridge_relayers::extension::{
 	BridgeRelayersSignedExtension, WithMessagesExtensionConfig,
 };
-use pallet_xcm::EnsureXcm;
-use parachains_common::xcm_config::{
-	AllSiblingSystemParachains, ParentRelayOrSiblingParachains, RelayOrOtherSystemParachains,
-};
+use parachains_common::xcm_config::{AllSiblingSystemParachains, RelayOrOtherSystemParachains};
 use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::Sibling;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::rococo::currency::UNITS as ROC;
 use xcm::{
@@ -73,11 +74,11 @@ parameter_types! {
 }
 
 /// Proof of messages, coming from Westend.
-pub type FromWestendBridgeHubMessagesProof =
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<bp_bridge_hub_westend::Hash>;
+pub type FromWestendBridgeHubMessagesProof<MI> =
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<bp_bridge_hub_westend::Hash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MI>>;
 /// Messages delivery proof for Rococo Bridge Hub -> Westend Bridge Hub messages.
-pub type ToWestendBridgeHubMessagesDeliveryProof =
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<bp_bridge_hub_westend::Hash>;
+pub type ToWestendBridgeHubMessagesDeliveryProof<MI> =
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<bp_bridge_hub_westend::Hash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MI>>;
 
 /// Dispatches received XCM messages from other bridge
 type FromWestendMessageBlobDispatcher =
@@ -90,8 +91,10 @@ pub type OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages = BridgeRelayersSignedE
 		StrOnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages,
 		Runtime,
 		WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance,
+		RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance,
 		PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 	>,
+	LaneIdOf<Runtime, WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance>,
 >;
 bp_runtime::generate_static_str_provider!(OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages);
 
@@ -110,10 +113,10 @@ impl pallet_bridge_messages::Config<WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance> for Ru
 	>;
 
 	type OutboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload;
-
 	type InboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload;
-	type DeliveryPayments = ();
+	type LaneId = LegacyLaneId;
 
+	type DeliveryPayments = ();
 	type DeliveryConfirmationPayments = pallet_bridge_relayers::DeliveryConfirmationPaymentsAdapter<
 		Runtime,
 		WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance,
@@ -124,7 +127,8 @@ impl pallet_bridge_messages::Config<WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance> for Ru
 	type OnMessagesDelivered = XcmOverBridgeHubWestend;
 }
 
-/// Add support for the export and dispatch of XCM programs.
+/// Add support for the export and dispatch of XCM programs withing
+/// `WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance`.
 pub type XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance = pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Instance1;
 impl pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance> for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
@@ -137,9 +141,9 @@ impl pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance> for Runtime
 	type DestinationVersion =
 		XcmVersionOfDestAndRemoteBridge<PolkadotXcm, BridgeHubWestendLocation>;
 
-	type AdminOrigin = EnsureRoot<AccountId>;
-	// Only allow calls from relay chains and sibling parachains to directly open the bridge.
-	type OpenBridgeOrigin = EnsureXcm<ParentRelayOrSiblingParachains>;
+	type ForceOrigin = EnsureRoot<AccountId>;
+	// We don't want to allow creating bridges for this instance with `LegacyLaneId`.
+	type OpenBridgeOrigin = EnsureNever<Location>;
 	// Converter aligned with `OpenBridgeOrigin`.
 	type BridgeOriginAccountIdConverter =
 		(ParentIsPreset<AccountId>, SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>);
@@ -157,14 +161,20 @@ impl pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance> for Runtime
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
-pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
-	with: bp_messages::LaneId,
+pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks<R, XBHI, C>(
+	with: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneIdOf<R, XBHI>,
 	sibling_para_id: u32,
-) -> InteriorLocation {
+) -> InteriorLocation
+where
+	R: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XBHI>,
+	XBHI: 'static,
+	C: xcm_executor::traits::ConvertLocation<
+		bp_runtime::AccountIdOf<pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::ThisChainOf<R, XBHI>>,
+	>,
+{
 	use pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::{Bridge, BridgeId, BridgeState};
 	use sp_runtime::traits::Zero;
 	use xcm::VersionedInteriorLocation;
-	use xcm_executor::traits::ConvertLocation;
 
 	// insert bridge metadata
 	let lane_id = with;
@@ -174,7 +184,7 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
 	let bridge_id = BridgeId::new(&universal_source, &universal_destination);
 
 	// insert only bridge metadata, because the benchmarks create lanes
-	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Bridges::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance>::insert(
+	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Bridges::<R, XBHI>::insert(
 		bridge_id,
 		Bridge {
 			bridge_origin_relative_location: alloc::boxed::Box::new(
@@ -187,17 +197,12 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
 				VersionedInteriorLocation::from(universal_destination),
 			),
 			state: BridgeState::Opened,
-			bridge_owner_account: crate::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId::convert_location(
-				&sibling_parachain,
-			)
-			.expect("valid AccountId"),
-			deposit: Balance::zero(),
+			bridge_owner_account: C::convert_location(&sibling_parachain).expect("valid AccountId"),
+			deposit: Zero::zero(),
 			lane_id,
 		},
 	);
-	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneToBridge::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance>::insert(
-		lane_id, bridge_id,
-	);
+	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneToBridge::<R, XBHI>::insert(lane_id, bridge_id);
 
 	universal_source
 }
@@ -297,12 +302,10 @@ mod tests {
 /// Contains the migration for the AssetHubRococo<>AssetHubWestend bridge.
 pub mod migration {
 	use super::*;
-	use bp_messages::LaneId;
 	use frame_support::traits::ConstBool;
-	use sp_runtime::Either;
 
 	parameter_types! {
-		pub AssetHubRococoToAssetHubWestendMessagesLane: LaneId = LaneId::from_inner(Either::Right([0, 0, 0, 2]));
+		pub AssetHubRococoToAssetHubWestendMessagesLane: LegacyLaneId = LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]);
 		pub AssetHubRococoLocation: Location = Location::new(1, [Parachain(bp_asset_hub_rococo::ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_PARACHAIN_ID)]);
 		pub AssetHubWestendUniversalLocation: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(WestendGlobalConsensusNetwork::get()), Parachain(bp_asset_hub_westend::ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_PARACHAIN_ID)].into();
 	}
@@ -318,4 +321,75 @@ pub mod migration {
 		AssetHubRococoLocation,
 		AssetHubWestendUniversalLocation,
 	>;
+
+	mod v1_wrong {
+		use bp_messages::{LaneState, MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayer};
+		use bp_runtime::AccountIdOf;
+		use codec::{Decode, Encode};
+		use pallet_bridge_messages::BridgedChainOf;
+		use sp_std::collections::vec_deque::VecDeque;
+
+		#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+		pub(crate) struct StoredInboundLaneData<T: pallet_bridge_messages::Config<I>, I: 'static>(
+			pub(crate) InboundLaneData<AccountIdOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>,
+		);
+		#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+		pub(crate) struct InboundLaneData<RelayerId> {
+			pub state: LaneState,
+			pub(crate) relayers: VecDeque<UnrewardedRelayer<RelayerId>>,
+			pub(crate) last_confirmed_nonce: MessageNonce,
+		}
+		#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+		pub(crate) struct OutboundLaneData {
+			pub state: LaneState,
+			pub(crate) oldest_unpruned_nonce: MessageNonce,
+			pub(crate) latest_received_nonce: MessageNonce,
+			pub(crate) latest_generated_nonce: MessageNonce,
+		}
+	}
+
+	mod v1 {
+		pub use bp_messages::{InboundLaneData, LaneState, OutboundLaneData};
+		pub use pallet_bridge_messages::{InboundLanes, OutboundLanes, StoredInboundLaneData};
+	}
+
+	/// Fix for v1 migration - corrects data for OutboundLaneData/InboundLaneData (it is needed only
+	/// for Rococo/Westend).
+	pub struct FixMessagesV1Migration<T, I>(sp_std::marker::PhantomData<(T, I)>);
+
+	impl<T: pallet_bridge_messages::Config<I>, I: 'static> frame_support::traits::OnRuntimeUpgrade
+		for FixMessagesV1Migration<T, I>
+	{
+		fn on_runtime_upgrade() -> Weight {
+			use sp_core::Get;
+			let mut weight = T::DbWeight::get().reads(1);
+
+			// `InboundLanes` - add state to the old structs
+			let translate_inbound =
+				|pre: v1_wrong::StoredInboundLaneData<T, I>| -> Option<v1::StoredInboundLaneData<T, I>> {
+					weight.saturating_accrue(T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(1, 1));
+					Some(v1::StoredInboundLaneData(v1::InboundLaneData {
+						state: v1::LaneState::Opened,
+						relayers: pre.0.relayers,
+						last_confirmed_nonce: pre.0.last_confirmed_nonce,
+					}))
+				};
+			v1::InboundLanes::<T, I>::translate_values(translate_inbound);
+
+			// `OutboundLanes` - add state to the old structs
+			let translate_outbound =
+				|pre: v1_wrong::OutboundLaneData| -> Option<v1::OutboundLaneData> {
+					weight.saturating_accrue(T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(1, 1));
+					Some(v1::OutboundLaneData {
+						state: v1::LaneState::Opened,
+						oldest_unpruned_nonce: pre.oldest_unpruned_nonce,
+						latest_received_nonce: pre.latest_received_nonce,
+						latest_generated_nonce: pre.latest_generated_nonce,
+					})
+				};
+			v1::OutboundLanes::<T, I>::translate_values(translate_outbound);
+
+			weight
+		}
+	}
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
index e5d615985646b8011ccf755200de1b16ee58ca4b..d1b599967bf3690cbe93172beac225d38b14e75a 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 use crate::*;
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-use parachains_common::{genesis_config_helpers::*, AccountId, AuraId};
-use sp_core::sr25519;
+use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
 use sp_genesis_builder::PresetId;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::rococo::xcm_version::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 
 const BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_ED: Balance = ExistentialDeposit::get();
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ fn bridge_hub_rococo_genesis(
 	id: ParaId,
 	bridges_pallet_owner: Option<AccountId>,
 	asset_hub_para_id: ParaId,
+	opened_bridges: Vec<(Location, InteriorLocation, Option<bp_messages::LegacyLaneId>)>,
 ) -> serde_json::Value {
 	let config = RuntimeGenesisConfig {
 		balances: BalancesConfig {
@@ -71,6 +72,10 @@ fn bridge_hub_rococo_genesis(
 			owner: bridges_pallet_owner.clone(),
 			..Default::default()
 		},
+		xcm_over_bridge_hub_westend: XcmOverBridgeHubWestendConfig {
+			opened_bridges,
+			..Default::default()
+		},
 		ethereum_system: EthereumSystemConfig {
 			para_id: id,
 			asset_hub_para_id,
@@ -88,62 +93,30 @@ pub fn get_preset(id: &sp_genesis_builder::PresetId) -> Option<sp_std::vec::Vec<
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::LOCAL_TESTNET_RUNTIME_PRESET) => bridge_hub_rococo_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
-			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 			1013.into(),
-			Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob")),
+			Some(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()),
 			rococo_runtime_constants::system_parachain::ASSET_HUB_ID.into(),
+			vec![(
+				Location::new(1, [Parachain(1000)]),
+				Junctions::from([Westend.into(), Parachain(1000)]),
+				Some(bp_messages::LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2])),
+			)],
 		),
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET) => bridge_hub_rococo_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
-			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 			1013.into(),
-			Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob")),
+			Some(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()),
 			rococo_runtime_constants::system_parachain::ASSET_HUB_ID.into(),
+			vec![],
 		),
 		_ => return None,
 	};
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
index 177978cee10bd83bf543b006fb7a2cfbc8295ac3..e3435f35f1788a5bfc49a9ceb1bc4271807f7eff 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ use bridge_runtime_common::extensions::{
 	CheckAndBoostBridgeGrandpaTransactions, CheckAndBoostBridgeParachainsTransactions,
 };
 use cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::RelayNumberMonotonicallyIncreases;
+use pallet_bridge_messages::LaneIdOf;
 use sp_api::impl_runtime_apis;
 use sp_core::{crypto::KeyTypeId, OpaqueMetadata};
 use sp_runtime::{
@@ -130,10 +131,7 @@ pub type SignedExtra = (
 	frame_system::CheckWeight<Runtime>,
 	pallet_transaction_payment::ChargeTransactionPayment<Runtime>,
 	BridgeRejectObsoleteHeadersAndMessages,
-	(
-		bridge_to_westend_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages,
-		bridge_to_bulletin_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundRococoBulletinMessages,
-	),
+	(bridge_to_westend_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages,),
 	cumulus_primitives_storage_weight_reclaim::StorageWeightReclaim<Runtime>,
 	frame_metadata_hash_extension::CheckMetadataHash<Runtime>,
 );
@@ -163,6 +161,10 @@ pub type Migrations = (
 		Runtime,
 		bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance,
 	>,
+	bridge_to_westend_config::migration::FixMessagesV1Migration<
+		Runtime,
+		bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance,
+	>,
 	bridge_to_westend_config::migration::StaticToDynamicLanes,
 	bridge_to_bulletin_config::migration::StaticToDynamicLanes,
 	frame_support::migrations::RemoveStorage<
@@ -175,6 +177,7 @@ pub type Migrations = (
 		OutboundLanesCongestedSignalsKey,
 		RocksDbWeight,
 	>,
+	pallet_bridge_relayers::migration::v1::MigrationToV1<Runtime, ()>,
 	// permanent
 	pallet_xcm::migration::MigrateToLatestXcmVersion<Runtime>,
 );
@@ -235,10 +238,10 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("bridge-hub-rococo"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("bridge-hub-rococo"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_016_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
-	transaction_version: 5,
+	transaction_version: 6,
 	system_version: 1,
 };
 
@@ -339,6 +342,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -593,6 +597,9 @@ construct_runtime!(
 		// With-Rococo Bulletin bridge hub pallet.
 		XcmOverPolkadotBulletin: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::<Instance2> = 62,
 
+		// Bridge relayers pallet, used by several bridges here (another instance).
+		BridgeRelayersForPermissionlessLanes: pallet_bridge_relayers::<Instance2> = 63,
+
 		EthereumInboundQueue: snowbridge_pallet_inbound_queue = 80,
 		EthereumOutboundQueue: snowbridge_pallet_outbound_queue = 81,
 		EthereumBeaconClient: snowbridge_pallet_ethereum_client = 82,
@@ -662,7 +669,8 @@ mod benches {
 		[pallet_bridge_parachains, WithinWestend]
 		[pallet_bridge_messages, RococoToWestend]
 		[pallet_bridge_messages, RococoToRococoBulletin]
-		[pallet_bridge_relayers, BridgeRelayersBench::<Runtime>]
+		[pallet_bridge_relayers, Legacy]
+		[pallet_bridge_relayers, PermissionlessLanes]
 		// Ethereum Bridge
 		[snowbridge_pallet_inbound_queue, EthereumInboundQueue]
 		[snowbridge_pallet_outbound_queue, EthereumOutboundQueue]
@@ -671,6 +679,11 @@ mod benches {
 	);
 }
 
+cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::register_validate_block! {
+	Runtime = Runtime,
+	BlockExecutor = cumulus_pallet_aura_ext::BlockExecutor::<Runtime, Executive>,
+}
+
 impl_runtime_apis! {
 	impl sp_consensus_aura::AuraApi<Block, AuraId> for Runtime {
 		fn slot_duration() -> sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration {
@@ -914,7 +927,7 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 	// This is exposed by BridgeHubRococo
 	impl bp_bridge_hub_westend::FromBridgeHubWestendInboundLaneApi<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn message_details(
-			lane: bp_messages::LaneId,
+			lane: LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance>,
 			messages: Vec<(bp_messages::MessagePayload, bp_messages::OutboundMessageDetails)>,
 		) -> Vec<bp_messages::InboundMessageDetails> {
 			bridge_runtime_common::messages_api::inbound_message_details::<
@@ -927,7 +940,7 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 	// This is exposed by BridgeHubRococo
 	impl bp_bridge_hub_westend::ToBridgeHubWestendOutboundLaneApi<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn message_details(
-			lane: bp_messages::LaneId,
+			lane: LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance>,
 			begin: bp_messages::MessageNonce,
 			end: bp_messages::MessageNonce,
 		) -> Vec<bp_messages::OutboundMessageDetails> {
@@ -957,7 +970,7 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 
 	impl bp_polkadot_bulletin::FromPolkadotBulletinInboundLaneApi<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn message_details(
-			lane: bp_messages::LaneId,
+			lane: LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance>,
 			messages: Vec<(bp_messages::MessagePayload, bp_messages::OutboundMessageDetails)>,
 		) -> Vec<bp_messages::InboundMessageDetails> {
 			bridge_runtime_common::messages_api::inbound_message_details::<
@@ -969,7 +982,7 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 
 	impl bp_polkadot_bulletin::ToPolkadotBulletinOutboundLaneApi<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn message_details(
-			lane: bp_messages::LaneId,
+			lane: LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance>,
 			begin: bp_messages::MessageNonce,
 			end: bp_messages::MessageNonce,
 		) -> Vec<bp_messages::OutboundMessageDetails> {
@@ -1039,6 +1052,8 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 			type WithinWestend = pallet_bridge_parachains::benchmarking::Pallet::<Runtime, bridge_common_config::BridgeParachainWestendInstance>;
 			type RococoToWestend = pallet_bridge_messages::benchmarking::Pallet ::<Runtime, bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance>;
 			type RococoToRococoBulletin = pallet_bridge_messages::benchmarking::Pallet ::<Runtime, bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance>;
+			type Legacy = BridgeRelayersBench::<Runtime, bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance>;
+			type PermissionlessLanes = BridgeRelayersBench::<Runtime, bridge_common_config::RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance>;
 
 			let mut list = Vec::<BenchmarkList>::new();
 			list_benchmarks!(list, extra);
@@ -1248,15 +1263,20 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 					);
 
 					// open bridge
-					let origin = RuntimeOrigin::from(pallet_xcm::Origin::Xcm(sibling_parachain_location.clone()));
-					XcmOverBridgeHubWestend::open_bridge(
-						origin.clone(),
-						Box::new(VersionedInteriorLocation::from([GlobalConsensus(NetworkId::Westend), Parachain(8765)])),
+					let bridge_destination_universal_location: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(NetworkId::Westend), Parachain(8765)].into();
+					let locations = XcmOverBridgeHubWestend::bridge_locations(
+						sibling_parachain_location.clone(),
+						bridge_destination_universal_location.clone(),
+					)?;
+					XcmOverBridgeHubWestend::do_open_bridge(
+						locations,
+						bp_messages::LegacyLaneId([1, 2, 3, 4]),
+						true,
 					).map_err(|e| {
 						log::error!(
 							"Failed to `XcmOverBridgeHubWestend::open_bridge`({:?}, {:?})`, error: {:?}",
-							origin,
-							[GlobalConsensus(NetworkId::Westend), Parachain(8765)],
+							sibling_parachain_location,
+							bridge_destination_universal_location,
 							e
 						);
 						BenchmarkError::Stop("Bridge was not opened!")
@@ -1283,6 +1303,8 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 			type WithinWestend = pallet_bridge_parachains::benchmarking::Pallet::<Runtime, bridge_common_config::BridgeParachainWestendInstance>;
 			type RococoToWestend = pallet_bridge_messages::benchmarking::Pallet ::<Runtime, bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance>;
 			type RococoToRococoBulletin = pallet_bridge_messages::benchmarking::Pallet ::<Runtime, bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance>;
+			type Legacy = BridgeRelayersBench::<Runtime, bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance>;
+			type PermissionlessLanes = BridgeRelayersBench::<Runtime, bridge_common_config::RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance>;
 
 			use bridge_runtime_common::messages_benchmarking::{
 				prepare_message_delivery_proof_from_grandpa_chain,
@@ -1313,12 +1335,16 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 				}
 
 				fn prepare_message_proof(
-					params: MessageProofParams,
-				) -> (bridge_to_westend_config::FromWestendBridgeHubMessagesProof, Weight) {
+					params: MessageProofParams<LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance>>,
+				) -> (bridge_to_westend_config::FromWestendBridgeHubMessagesProof<bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance>, Weight) {
 					use cumulus_primitives_core::XcmpMessageSource;
 					assert!(XcmpQueue::take_outbound_messages(usize::MAX).is_empty());
 					ParachainSystem::open_outbound_hrmp_channel_for_benchmarks_or_tests(42.into());
-					let universal_source = bridge_to_westend_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks(params.lane, 42);
+					let universal_source = bridge_to_westend_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks::<
+						Runtime,
+						bridge_to_westend_config::XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance,
+						xcm_config::LocationToAccountId,
+					>(params.lane, 42);
 					prepare_message_proof_from_parachain::<
 						Runtime,
 						bridge_common_config::BridgeGrandpaWestendInstance,
@@ -1327,9 +1353,13 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 				}
 
 				fn prepare_message_delivery_proof(
-					params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountId>,
-				) -> bridge_to_westend_config::ToWestendBridgeHubMessagesDeliveryProof {
-					let _ = bridge_to_westend_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks(params.lane, 42);
+					params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountId, LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance>>,
+				) -> bridge_to_westend_config::ToWestendBridgeHubMessagesDeliveryProof<bridge_to_westend_config::WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance> {
+					let _ = bridge_to_westend_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks::<
+						Runtime,
+						bridge_to_westend_config::XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance,
+						xcm_config::LocationToAccountId,
+					>(params.lane, 42);
 					prepare_message_delivery_proof_from_parachain::<
 						Runtime,
 						bridge_common_config::BridgeGrandpaWestendInstance,
@@ -1350,12 +1380,16 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 				}
 
 				fn prepare_message_proof(
-					params: MessageProofParams,
-				) -> (bridge_to_bulletin_config::FromRococoBulletinMessagesProof, Weight) {
+					params: MessageProofParams<LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance>>,
+				) -> (bridge_to_bulletin_config::FromRococoBulletinMessagesProof<bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance>, Weight) {
 					use cumulus_primitives_core::XcmpMessageSource;
 					assert!(XcmpQueue::take_outbound_messages(usize::MAX).is_empty());
 					ParachainSystem::open_outbound_hrmp_channel_for_benchmarks_or_tests(42.into());
-					let universal_source = bridge_to_bulletin_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks(params.lane, 42);
+					let universal_source = bridge_to_bulletin_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks::<
+						Runtime,
+						bridge_to_bulletin_config::XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance,
+						xcm_config::LocationToAccountId,
+					>(params.lane, 42);
 					prepare_message_proof_from_grandpa_chain::<
 						Runtime,
 						bridge_common_config::BridgeGrandpaRococoBulletinInstance,
@@ -1364,9 +1398,13 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 				}
 
 				fn prepare_message_delivery_proof(
-					params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountId>,
-				) -> bridge_to_bulletin_config::ToRococoBulletinMessagesDeliveryProof {
-					let _ = bridge_to_bulletin_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks(params.lane, 42);
+					params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountId, LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance>>,
+				) -> bridge_to_bulletin_config::ToRococoBulletinMessagesDeliveryProof<bridge_to_bulletin_config::WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance> {
+					let _ = bridge_to_bulletin_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks::<
+						Runtime,
+						bridge_to_bulletin_config::XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance,
+						xcm_config::LocationToAccountId,
+					>(params.lane, 42);
 					prepare_message_delivery_proof_from_grandpa_chain::<
 						Runtime,
 						bridge_common_config::BridgeGrandpaRococoBulletinInstance,
@@ -1411,16 +1449,36 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 				}
 			}
 
-			impl BridgeRelayersConfig for Runtime {
+			impl BridgeRelayersConfig<bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance> for Runtime {
 				fn prepare_rewards_account(
-					account_params: bp_relayers::RewardsAccountParams,
+					account_params: bp_relayers::RewardsAccountParams<<Self as pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance>>::LaneId>,
 					reward: Balance,
 				) {
 					let rewards_account = bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount::<
 						Balances,
-						AccountId
+						AccountId,
+						<Self as pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance>>::LaneId,
 					>::rewards_account(account_params);
-					Self::deposit_account(rewards_account, reward);
+					<Runtime as BridgeRelayersConfig<bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance>>::deposit_account(rewards_account, reward);
+				}
+
+				fn deposit_account(account: AccountId, balance: Balance) {
+					use frame_support::traits::fungible::Mutate;
+					Balances::mint_into(&account, balance.saturating_add(ExistentialDeposit::get())).unwrap();
+				}
+			}
+
+			impl BridgeRelayersConfig<bridge_common_config::RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance> for Runtime {
+				fn prepare_rewards_account(
+					account_params: bp_relayers::RewardsAccountParams<<Self as pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<bridge_common_config::RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance>>::LaneId>,
+					reward: Balance,
+				) {
+					let rewards_account = bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount::<
+						Balances,
+						AccountId,
+						<Self as pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<bridge_common_config::RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance>>::LaneId,
+					>::rewards_account(account_params);
+					<Runtime as BridgeRelayersConfig<bridge_common_config::RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance>>::deposit_account(rewards_account, reward);
 				}
 
 				fn deposit_account(account: AccountId, balance: Balance) {
@@ -1465,11 +1523,6 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 	}
 }
 
-cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::register_validate_block! {
-	Runtime = Runtime,
-	BlockExecutor = cumulus_pallet_aura_ext::BlockExecutor::<Runtime, Executive>,
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
@@ -1497,7 +1550,6 @@ mod tests {
                 BridgeRejectObsoleteHeadersAndMessages,
                 (
                     bridge_to_westend_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages::default(),
-                    bridge_to_bulletin_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundRococoBulletinMessages::default(),
                 ),
                 cumulus_primitives_storage_weight_reclaim::StorageWeightReclaim::new(),
                 frame_metadata_hash_extension::CheckMetadataHash::new(false),
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
index e9b15024be8141eae569f227b661c3f3055bd2d1..2fb186703a88663fb6c3284297c91d7c7038298d 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -44,11 +44,12 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor,
-	FungibleAdapter, HandleFee, IsConcrete, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative,
-	SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
-	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit,
-	TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
+	EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, HandleFee, HashedDescription,
+	IsConcrete, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount,
+	SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative,
+	SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId,
+	UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
 };
 use xcm_executor::{
 	traits::{FeeManager, FeeReason, FeeReason::Export},
@@ -78,6 +79,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>,
 	// Straight up local `AccountId32` origins just alias directly to `AccountId`.
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting the native currency on this chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/tests/snowbridge.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/tests/snowbridge.rs
index c7b5850f9ffe56620e26e0751a6cb04c07311bb3..7a0f1462e7a7d150c1a4bb5c016bd2af410c9d55 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/tests/snowbridge.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/tests/snowbridge.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 
 use bp_polkadot_core::Signature;
 use bridge_hub_rococo_runtime::{
-	bridge_to_bulletin_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundRococoBulletinMessages,
 	bridge_to_westend_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages,
 	xcm_config::XcmConfig, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, BridgeRejectObsoleteHeadersAndMessages,
 	Executive, MessageQueueServiceWeight, Runtime, RuntimeCall, RuntimeEvent, SessionKeys,
@@ -183,10 +182,7 @@ fn construct_extrinsic(
 		frame_system::CheckWeight::<Runtime>::new(),
 		pallet_transaction_payment::ChargeTransactionPayment::<Runtime>::from(0),
 		BridgeRejectObsoleteHeadersAndMessages::default(),
-		(
-			OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages::default(),
-			OnBridgeHubRococoRefundRococoBulletinMessages::default(),
-		),
+		(OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages::default(),),
 		cumulus_primitives_storage_weight_reclaim::StorageWeightReclaim::new(),
 		frame_metadata_hash_extension::CheckMetadataHash::<Runtime>::new(false),
 	);
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/tests/tests.rs
index 982c9fec6634496bd079b16177003ba9a5cf27cc..20bd5d1291384d0ea6aee8b5adf8ba7c5aa42927 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/tests/tests.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/tests/tests.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ use frame_support::{dispatch::GetDispatchInfo, parameter_types, traits::ConstU8}
 use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId, Balance};
 use snowbridge_core::ChannelId;
 use sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration;
-use sp_core::H160;
+use sp_core::{crypto::Ss58Codec, H160};
 use sp_keyring::AccountKeyring::Alice;
 use sp_runtime::{
 	generic::{Era, SignedPayload},
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 };
 use testnet_parachains_constants::rococo::{consensus::*, fee::WeightToFee};
 use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
 
 parameter_types! {
 	pub CheckingAccount: AccountId = PolkadotXcm::check_account();
@@ -62,10 +63,7 @@ fn construct_extrinsic(
 		frame_system::CheckWeight::<Runtime>::new(),
 		pallet_transaction_payment::ChargeTransactionPayment::<Runtime>::from(0),
 		BridgeRejectObsoleteHeadersAndMessages::default(),
-		(
-			bridge_to_westend_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages::default(),
-			bridge_to_bulletin_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundRococoBulletinMessages::default(),
-		),
+		(bridge_to_westend_config::OnBridgeHubRococoRefundBridgeHubWestendMessages::default(),),
 		cumulus_primitives_storage_weight_reclaim::StorageWeightReclaim::new(),
 		frame_metadata_hash_extension::CheckMetadataHash::new(false),
 	);
@@ -123,30 +121,12 @@ bridge_hub_test_utils::test_cases::include_teleports_for_native_asset_works!(
 	bp_bridge_hub_rococo::BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_PARACHAIN_ID
 );
 
-#[test]
-fn change_required_stake_by_governance_works() {
-	bridge_hub_test_utils::test_cases::change_storage_constant_by_governance_works::<
-		Runtime,
-		bridge_common_config::RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash,
-		Balance,
-	>(
-		collator_session_keys(),
-		bp_bridge_hub_rococo::BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_PARACHAIN_ID,
-		Box::new(|call| RuntimeCall::System(call).encode()),
-		|| {
-			(
-				bridge_common_config::RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash::key().to_vec(),
-				bridge_common_config::RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash::get(),
-			)
-		},
-		|old_value| old_value.checked_mul(2).unwrap(),
-	)
-}
-
 mod bridge_hub_westend_tests {
 	use super::*;
+	use bp_messages::LegacyLaneId;
 	use bridge_common_config::{
 		BridgeGrandpaWestendInstance, BridgeParachainWestendInstance, DeliveryRewardInBalance,
+		RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance,
 	};
 	use bridge_hub_test_utils::test_cases::from_parachain;
 	use bridge_to_westend_config::{
@@ -174,6 +154,7 @@ mod bridge_hub_westend_tests {
 		BridgeGrandpaWestendInstance,
 		BridgeParachainWestendInstance,
 		WithBridgeHubWestendMessagesInstance,
+		RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance,
 	>;
 
 	#[test]
@@ -338,7 +319,16 @@ mod bridge_hub_westend_tests {
 					XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance,
 					LocationToAccountId,
 					TokenLocation,
-				>(SiblingParachainLocation::get(), BridgedUniversalLocation::get()).1
+				>(
+					SiblingParachainLocation::get(),
+					BridgedUniversalLocation::get(),
+					|locations, fee| {
+						bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+							Runtime,
+							XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance
+						>(locations, fee, LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]))
+					}
+				).1
 			},
 		)
 	}
@@ -393,10 +383,20 @@ mod bridge_hub_westend_tests {
 					XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance,
 					LocationToAccountId,
 					TokenLocation,
-				>(SiblingParachainLocation::get(), BridgedUniversalLocation::get())
+				>(
+					SiblingParachainLocation::get(),
+					BridgedUniversalLocation::get(),
+					|locations, fee| {
+						bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+							Runtime,
+							XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance,
+						>(locations, fee, LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]))
+					},
+				)
 				.1
 			},
 			construct_and_apply_extrinsic,
+			true,
 		)
 	}
 
@@ -417,10 +417,20 @@ mod bridge_hub_westend_tests {
 					XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance,
 					LocationToAccountId,
 					TokenLocation,
-				>(SiblingParachainLocation::get(), BridgedUniversalLocation::get())
+				>(
+					SiblingParachainLocation::get(),
+					BridgedUniversalLocation::get(),
+					|locations, fee| {
+						bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+							Runtime,
+							XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance,
+						>(locations, fee, LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]))
+					},
+				)
 				.1
 			},
 			construct_and_apply_extrinsic,
+			false,
 		)
 	}
 
@@ -482,30 +492,13 @@ mod bridge_hub_westend_tests {
 			),
 		)
 	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn open_and_close_bridge_works() {
-		let origins = [SiblingParachainLocation::get(), SiblingSystemParachainLocation::get()];
-
-		for origin in origins {
-			bridge_hub_test_utils::test_cases::open_and_close_bridge_works::<
-				Runtime,
-				XcmOverBridgeHubWestendInstance,
-				LocationToAccountId,
-				TokenLocation,
-			>(
-				collator_session_keys(),
-				bp_bridge_hub_rococo::BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_PARACHAIN_ID,
-				origin,
-				BridgedUniversalLocation::get(),
-			)
-		}
-	}
 }
 
 mod bridge_hub_bulletin_tests {
 	use super::*;
+	use bp_messages::{HashedLaneId, LaneIdType};
 	use bridge_common_config::BridgeGrandpaRococoBulletinInstance;
+	use bridge_hub_rococo_runtime::bridge_common_config::RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance;
 	use bridge_hub_test_utils::test_cases::from_grandpa_chain;
 	use bridge_to_bulletin_config::{
 		RococoBulletinGlobalConsensusNetwork, RococoBulletinGlobalConsensusNetworkLocation,
@@ -517,8 +510,8 @@ mod bridge_hub_bulletin_tests {
 		rococo_runtime_constants::system_parachain::PEOPLE_ID;
 
 	parameter_types! {
-		pub SiblingPeopleParachainLocation: Location = Location::new(1, [Parachain(SIBLING_PEOPLE_PARACHAIN_ID)]);
-		pub BridgedBulletinLocation: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(RococoBulletinGlobalConsensusNetwork::get())].into();
+																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																					pub SiblingPeopleParachainLocation: Location = Location::new(1, [Parachain(SIBLING_PEOPLE_PARACHAIN_ID)]);
+																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																					pub BridgedBulletinLocation: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(RococoBulletinGlobalConsensusNetwork::get())].into();
 	}
 
 	// Runtime from tests PoV
@@ -527,6 +520,7 @@ mod bridge_hub_bulletin_tests {
 		AllPalletsWithoutSystem,
 		BridgeGrandpaRococoBulletinInstance,
 		WithRococoBulletinMessagesInstance,
+		RelayersForPermissionlessLanesInstance,
 	>;
 
 	#[test]
@@ -589,7 +583,16 @@ mod bridge_hub_bulletin_tests {
 					XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance,
 					LocationToAccountId,
 					TokenLocation,
-				>(SiblingPeopleParachainLocation::get(), BridgedBulletinLocation::get()).1
+				>(
+					SiblingPeopleParachainLocation::get(),
+					BridgedBulletinLocation::get(),
+					|locations, fee| {
+						bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+							Runtime,
+							XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance
+						>(locations, fee, HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap())
+					}
+				).1
 			},
 		)
 	}
@@ -643,10 +646,20 @@ mod bridge_hub_bulletin_tests {
 					XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance,
 					LocationToAccountId,
 					TokenLocation,
-				>(SiblingPeopleParachainLocation::get(), BridgedBulletinLocation::get())
+				>(
+					SiblingPeopleParachainLocation::get(),
+					BridgedBulletinLocation::get(),
+					|locations, fee| {
+						bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+							Runtime,
+							XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance,
+						>(locations, fee, HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap())
+					},
+				)
 				.1
 			},
 			construct_and_apply_extrinsic,
+			false,
 		)
 	}
 
@@ -666,29 +679,150 @@ mod bridge_hub_bulletin_tests {
 					XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance,
 					LocationToAccountId,
 					TokenLocation,
-				>(SiblingPeopleParachainLocation::get(), BridgedBulletinLocation::get())
+				>(
+					SiblingPeopleParachainLocation::get(),
+					BridgedBulletinLocation::get(),
+					|locations, fee| {
+						bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+							Runtime,
+							XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance,
+						>(locations, fee, HashedLaneId::try_new(1, 2).unwrap())
+					},
+				)
 				.1
 			},
 			construct_and_apply_extrinsic,
+			false,
 		)
 	}
+}
 
-	#[test]
-	fn open_and_close_bridge_works() {
-		let origins = [SiblingPeopleParachainLocation::get()];
-
-		for origin in origins {
-			bridge_hub_test_utils::test_cases::open_and_close_bridge_works::<
-				Runtime,
-				XcmOverPolkadotBulletinInstance,
-				LocationToAccountId,
-				TokenLocation,
-			>(
-				collator_session_keys(),
-				bp_bridge_hub_rococo::BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_PARACHAIN_ID,
-				origin,
-				BridgedBulletinLocation::get(),
+#[test]
+fn change_required_stake_by_governance_works() {
+	bridge_hub_test_utils::test_cases::change_storage_constant_by_governance_works::<
+		Runtime,
+		bridge_common_config::RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash,
+		Balance,
+	>(
+		collator_session_keys(),
+		bp_bridge_hub_rococo::BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_PARACHAIN_ID,
+		Box::new(|call| RuntimeCall::System(call).encode()),
+		|| {
+			(
+				bridge_common_config::RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash::key().to_vec(),
+				bridge_common_config::RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash::get(),
 			)
-		}
+		},
+		|old_value| old_value.checked_mul(2).unwrap(),
+	)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic
+	// change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(Alice).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EueAXd4h8u75nSbFdDJbC29cmi4Uo1YJssqEL9idvindxFL",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(Alice).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dmbuiq48fU4iW58FKYqoGbbfxFHjbAeGLMtjFg6NNCw3ssr",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
index a0233bf2ea452f89195a909e8d868df4a791396f..471158d9645d717469215d5c09ed49129463906b 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/Cargo.toml
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ sp-api = { workspace = true }
 sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true }
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-inherents = { workspace = true }
 sp-io = { workspace = true }
@@ -119,7 +120,6 @@ snowbridge-runtime-common = { workspace = true }
 bridge-hub-test-utils = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 bridge-runtime-common = { features = ["integrity-test"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 pallet-bridge-relayers = { features = ["integrity-test"], workspace = true }
-sp-keyring = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 snowbridge-runtime-test-common = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 [features]
@@ -200,6 +200,7 @@ std = [
 	"sp-genesis-builder/std",
 	"sp-inherents/std",
 	"sp-io/std",
+	"sp-keyring/std",
 	"sp-offchain/std",
 	"sp-runtime/std",
 	"sp-session/std",
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/bridge_common_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/bridge_common_config.rs
index 9bae106395a62a9d1cb6861ed3099b5f3bf963cc..0872d0498f85789edb4c105831754f6e0f406bf1 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/bridge_common_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/bridge_common_config.rs
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 //! GRANDPA tracking pallet only needs to be aware of one chain.
 
 use super::{weights, AccountId, Balance, Balances, BlockNumber, Runtime, RuntimeEvent};
+use bp_messages::LegacyLaneId;
 use frame_support::parameter_types;
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -33,11 +34,15 @@ parameter_types! {
 }
 
 /// Allows collect and claim rewards for relayers
-impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config for Runtime {
+pub type RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance = ();
+impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance> for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
 	type Reward = Balance;
-	type PaymentProcedure =
-		bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount<pallet_balances::Pallet<Runtime>, AccountId>;
+	type PaymentProcedure = bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount<
+		pallet_balances::Pallet<Runtime>,
+		AccountId,
+		Self::LaneId,
+	>;
 	type StakeAndSlash = pallet_bridge_relayers::StakeAndSlashNamed<
 		AccountId,
 		BlockNumber,
@@ -47,4 +52,5 @@ impl pallet_bridge_relayers::Config for Runtime {
 		RelayerStakeLease,
 	>;
 	type WeightInfo = weights::pallet_bridge_relayers::WeightInfo<Runtime>;
+	type LaneId = LegacyLaneId;
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/bridge_to_rococo_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/bridge_to_rococo_config.rs
index 2d9e8f6642768a934be275a9b5602f13d81513f4..e45654bc62bd23f32f03c342ee3eb37f4c8ad1a5 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/bridge_to_rococo_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/bridge_to_rococo_config.rs
@@ -17,13 +17,15 @@
 //! Bridge definitions used on BridgeHub with the Westend flavor.
 
 use crate::{
-	bridge_common_config::DeliveryRewardInBalance, weights, xcm_config::UniversalLocation,
+	bridge_common_config::{DeliveryRewardInBalance, RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance},
+	weights,
+	xcm_config::UniversalLocation,
 	AccountId, Balance, Balances, BridgeRococoMessages, PolkadotXcm, Runtime, RuntimeEvent,
 	RuntimeHoldReason, XcmOverBridgeHubRococo, XcmRouter,
 };
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof,
-	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof,
+	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, LegacyLaneId,
 };
 use bp_parachains::SingleParaStoredHeaderDataBuilder;
 use bridge_hub_common::xcm_version::XcmVersionOfDestAndRemoteBridge;
@@ -33,14 +35,12 @@ use frame_support::{
 	parameter_types,
 	traits::{ConstU32, PalletInfoAccess},
 };
-use frame_system::EnsureRoot;
+use frame_system::{EnsureNever, EnsureRoot};
+use pallet_bridge_messages::LaneIdOf;
 use pallet_bridge_relayers::extension::{
 	BridgeRelayersSignedExtension, WithMessagesExtensionConfig,
 };
-use pallet_xcm::EnsureXcm;
-use parachains_common::xcm_config::{
-	AllSiblingSystemParachains, ParentRelayOrSiblingParachains, RelayOrOtherSystemParachains,
-};
+use parachains_common::xcm_config::{AllSiblingSystemParachains, RelayOrOtherSystemParachains};
 use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::Sibling;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::westend::currency::UNITS as WND;
 use xcm::{
@@ -81,11 +81,11 @@ parameter_types! {
 }
 
 /// Proof of messages, coming from Rococo.
-pub type FromRococoBridgeHubMessagesProof =
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<bp_bridge_hub_rococo::Hash>;
+pub type FromRococoBridgeHubMessagesProof<MI> =
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<bp_bridge_hub_rococo::Hash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MI>>;
 /// Messages delivery proof for Rococo Bridge Hub -> Westend Bridge Hub messages.
-pub type ToRococoBridgeHubMessagesDeliveryProof =
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<bp_bridge_hub_rococo::Hash>;
+pub type ToRococoBridgeHubMessagesDeliveryProof<MI> =
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<bp_bridge_hub_rococo::Hash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MI>>;
 
 /// Dispatches received XCM messages from other bridge
 type FromRococoMessageBlobDispatcher =
@@ -98,8 +98,10 @@ pub type OnBridgeHubWestendRefundBridgeHubRococoMessages = BridgeRelayersSignedE
 		StrOnBridgeHubWestendRefundBridgeHubRococoMessages,
 		Runtime,
 		WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance,
+		RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance,
 		PriorityBoostPerMessage,
 	>,
+	LaneIdOf<Runtime, WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance>,
 >;
 bp_runtime::generate_static_str_provider!(OnBridgeHubWestendRefundBridgeHubRococoMessages);
 
@@ -142,10 +144,10 @@ impl pallet_bridge_messages::Config<WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance> for Run
 	>;
 
 	type OutboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload;
-
 	type InboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload;
-	type DeliveryPayments = ();
+	type LaneId = LegacyLaneId;
 
+	type DeliveryPayments = ();
 	type DeliveryConfirmationPayments = pallet_bridge_relayers::DeliveryConfirmationPaymentsAdapter<
 		Runtime,
 		WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance,
@@ -168,9 +170,9 @@ impl pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance> for Runtime {
 	type MessageExportPrice = ();
 	type DestinationVersion = XcmVersionOfDestAndRemoteBridge<PolkadotXcm, BridgeHubRococoLocation>;
 
-	type AdminOrigin = EnsureRoot<AccountId>;
-	// Only allow calls from relay chains and sibling parachains to directly open the bridge.
-	type OpenBridgeOrigin = EnsureXcm<ParentRelayOrSiblingParachains>;
+	type ForceOrigin = EnsureRoot<AccountId>;
+	// We don't want to allow creating bridges for this instance with `LegacyLaneId`.
+	type OpenBridgeOrigin = EnsureNever<Location>;
 	// Converter aligned with `OpenBridgeOrigin`.
 	type BridgeOriginAccountIdConverter =
 		(ParentIsPreset<AccountId>, SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>);
@@ -188,14 +190,20 @@ impl pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance> for Runtime {
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
-pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
-	with: bp_messages::LaneId,
+pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks<R, XBHI, C>(
+	with: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneIdOf<R, XBHI>,
 	sibling_para_id: u32,
-) -> InteriorLocation {
+) -> InteriorLocation
+where
+	R: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XBHI>,
+	XBHI: 'static,
+	C: xcm_executor::traits::ConvertLocation<
+		bp_runtime::AccountIdOf<pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::ThisChainOf<R, XBHI>>,
+	>,
+{
 	use pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::{Bridge, BridgeId, BridgeState};
 	use sp_runtime::traits::Zero;
 	use xcm::VersionedInteriorLocation;
-	use xcm_executor::traits::ConvertLocation;
 
 	// insert bridge metadata
 	let lane_id = with;
@@ -205,7 +213,7 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
 	let bridge_id = BridgeId::new(&universal_source, &universal_destination);
 
 	// insert only bridge metadata, because the benchmarks create lanes
-	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Bridges::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance>::insert(
+	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Bridges::<R, XBHI>::insert(
 		bridge_id,
 		Bridge {
 			bridge_origin_relative_location: alloc::boxed::Box::new(
@@ -218,17 +226,12 @@ pub(crate) fn open_bridge_for_benchmarks(
 				VersionedInteriorLocation::from(universal_destination),
 			),
 			state: BridgeState::Opened,
-			bridge_owner_account: crate::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId::convert_location(
-				&sibling_parachain,
-			)
-			.expect("valid AccountId"),
-			deposit: Balance::zero(),
+			bridge_owner_account: C::convert_location(&sibling_parachain).expect("valid AccountId"),
+			deposit: Zero::zero(),
 			lane_id,
 		},
 	);
-	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneToBridge::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance>::insert(
-		lane_id, bridge_id,
-	);
+	pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneToBridge::<R, XBHI>::insert(lane_id, bridge_id);
 
 	universal_source
 }
@@ -327,12 +330,11 @@ mod tests {
 /// Contains the migration for the AssetHubWestend<>AssetHubRococo bridge.
 pub mod migration {
 	use super::*;
-	use bp_messages::LaneId;
+	use bp_messages::LegacyLaneId;
 	use frame_support::traits::ConstBool;
-	use sp_runtime::Either;
 
 	parameter_types! {
-		pub AssetHubWestendToAssetHubRococoMessagesLane: LaneId = LaneId::from_inner(Either::Right([0, 0, 0, 2]));
+		pub AssetHubWestendToAssetHubRococoMessagesLane: LegacyLaneId = LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2]);
 		pub AssetHubWestendLocation: Location = Location::new(1, [Parachain(bp_asset_hub_westend::ASSET_HUB_WESTEND_PARACHAIN_ID)]);
 		pub AssetHubRococoUniversalLocation: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(RococoGlobalConsensusNetwork::get()), Parachain(bp_asset_hub_rococo::ASSET_HUB_ROCOCO_PARACHAIN_ID)].into();
 	}
@@ -348,4 +350,75 @@ pub mod migration {
 		AssetHubWestendLocation,
 		AssetHubRococoUniversalLocation,
 	>;
+
+	mod v1_wrong {
+		use bp_messages::{LaneState, MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayer};
+		use bp_runtime::AccountIdOf;
+		use codec::{Decode, Encode};
+		use pallet_bridge_messages::BridgedChainOf;
+		use sp_std::collections::vec_deque::VecDeque;
+
+		#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+		pub(crate) struct StoredInboundLaneData<T: pallet_bridge_messages::Config<I>, I: 'static>(
+			pub(crate) InboundLaneData<AccountIdOf<BridgedChainOf<T, I>>>,
+		);
+		#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+		pub(crate) struct InboundLaneData<RelayerId> {
+			pub state: LaneState,
+			pub(crate) relayers: VecDeque<UnrewardedRelayer<RelayerId>>,
+			pub(crate) last_confirmed_nonce: MessageNonce,
+		}
+		#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+		pub(crate) struct OutboundLaneData {
+			pub state: LaneState,
+			pub(crate) oldest_unpruned_nonce: MessageNonce,
+			pub(crate) latest_received_nonce: MessageNonce,
+			pub(crate) latest_generated_nonce: MessageNonce,
+		}
+	}
+
+	mod v1 {
+		pub use bp_messages::{InboundLaneData, LaneState, OutboundLaneData};
+		pub use pallet_bridge_messages::{InboundLanes, OutboundLanes, StoredInboundLaneData};
+	}
+
+	/// Fix for v1 migration - corrects data for OutboundLaneData/InboundLaneData (it is needed only
+	/// for Rococo/Westend).
+	pub struct FixMessagesV1Migration<T, I>(sp_std::marker::PhantomData<(T, I)>);
+
+	impl<T: pallet_bridge_messages::Config<I>, I: 'static> frame_support::traits::OnRuntimeUpgrade
+		for FixMessagesV1Migration<T, I>
+	{
+		fn on_runtime_upgrade() -> Weight {
+			use sp_core::Get;
+			let mut weight = T::DbWeight::get().reads(1);
+
+			// `InboundLanes` - add state to the old structs
+			let translate_inbound =
+				|pre: v1_wrong::StoredInboundLaneData<T, I>| -> Option<v1::StoredInboundLaneData<T, I>> {
+					weight.saturating_accrue(T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(1, 1));
+					Some(v1::StoredInboundLaneData(v1::InboundLaneData {
+						state: v1::LaneState::Opened,
+						relayers: pre.0.relayers,
+						last_confirmed_nonce: pre.0.last_confirmed_nonce,
+					}))
+				};
+			v1::InboundLanes::<T, I>::translate_values(translate_inbound);
+
+			// `OutboundLanes` - add state to the old structs
+			let translate_outbound =
+				|pre: v1_wrong::OutboundLaneData| -> Option<v1::OutboundLaneData> {
+					weight.saturating_accrue(T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(1, 1));
+					Some(v1::OutboundLaneData {
+						state: v1::LaneState::Opened,
+						oldest_unpruned_nonce: pre.oldest_unpruned_nonce,
+						latest_received_nonce: pre.latest_received_nonce,
+						latest_generated_nonce: pre.latest_generated_nonce,
+					})
+				};
+			v1::OutboundLanes::<T, I>::translate_values(translate_outbound);
+
+			weight
+		}
+	}
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
index 4c948656d9f80871013d55f8e536e244b65409dc..2949ae01fdcccdc6dfa9dfc229d76e3021c5e08e 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 use crate::*;
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-use parachains_common::{genesis_config_helpers::*, AccountId, AuraId};
-use sp_core::sr25519;
+use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
 use sp_genesis_builder::PresetId;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::westend::xcm_version::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 
 const BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_ED: Balance = ExistentialDeposit::get();
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ fn bridge_hub_westend_genesis(
 	id: ParaId,
 	bridges_pallet_owner: Option<AccountId>,
 	asset_hub_para_id: ParaId,
+	opened_bridges: Vec<(Location, InteriorLocation, Option<bp_messages::LegacyLaneId>)>,
 ) -> serde_json::Value {
 	let config = RuntimeGenesisConfig {
 		balances: BalancesConfig {
@@ -71,6 +72,10 @@ fn bridge_hub_westend_genesis(
 			owner: bridges_pallet_owner.clone(),
 			..Default::default()
 		},
+		xcm_over_bridge_hub_rococo: XcmOverBridgeHubRococoConfig {
+			opened_bridges,
+			..Default::default()
+		},
 		ethereum_system: EthereumSystemConfig {
 			para_id: id,
 			asset_hub_para_id,
@@ -88,62 +93,30 @@ pub fn get_preset(id: &sp_genesis_builder::PresetId) -> Option<sp_std::vec::Vec<
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::LOCAL_TESTNET_RUNTIME_PRESET) => bridge_hub_westend_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
-			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 			1002.into(),
-			Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob")),
+			Some(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()),
 			westend_runtime_constants::system_parachain::ASSET_HUB_ID.into(),
+			vec![(
+				Location::new(1, [Parachain(1000)]),
+				Junctions::from([Rococo.into(), Parachain(1000)]),
+				Some(bp_messages::LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 2])),
+			)],
 		),
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET) => bridge_hub_westend_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
-			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 			1002.into(),
-			Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob")),
+			Some(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()),
 			westend_runtime_constants::system_parachain::ASSET_HUB_ID.into(),
+			vec![],
 		),
 		_ => return None,
 	};
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
index 5c40506442dfa29b9490a21dd05666683ada766c..b73d8e5c67faef52bd0a8cf2f64e3d4ecc77fe92 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ use xcm_runtime_apis::{
 };
 
 use bp_runtime::HeaderId;
+use pallet_bridge_messages::LaneIdOf;
 #[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
 pub use sp_runtime::BuildStorage;
 
@@ -147,12 +148,17 @@ pub type Migrations = (
 		Runtime,
 		bridge_to_rococo_config::WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance,
 	>,
+	bridge_to_rococo_config::migration::FixMessagesV1Migration<
+		Runtime,
+		bridge_to_rococo_config::WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance,
+	>,
 	bridge_to_rococo_config::migration::StaticToDynamicLanes,
 	frame_support::migrations::RemoveStorage<
 		BridgeRococoMessagesPalletName,
 		OutboundLanesCongestedSignalsKey,
 		RocksDbWeight,
 	>,
+	pallet_bridge_relayers::migration::v1::MigrationToV1<Runtime, ()>,
 	// permanent
 	pallet_xcm::migration::MigrateToLatestXcmVersion<Runtime>,
 	snowbridge_pallet_system::migration::v0::InitializeOnUpgrade<
@@ -220,7 +226,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
-	transaction_version: 5,
+	transaction_version: 6,
 	system_version: 1,
 };
 
@@ -321,6 +327,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -851,7 +858,7 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 
 	impl bp_bridge_hub_rococo::FromBridgeHubRococoInboundLaneApi<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn message_details(
-			lane: bp_messages::LaneId,
+			lane: LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_rococo_config::WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance>,
 			messages: Vec<(bp_messages::MessagePayload, bp_messages::OutboundMessageDetails)>,
 		) -> Vec<bp_messages::InboundMessageDetails> {
 			bridge_runtime_common::messages_api::inbound_message_details::<
@@ -863,7 +870,7 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 
 	impl bp_bridge_hub_rococo::ToBridgeHubRococoOutboundLaneApi<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn message_details(
-			lane: bp_messages::LaneId,
+			lane: LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_rococo_config::WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance>,
 			begin: bp_messages::MessageNonce,
 			end: bp_messages::MessageNonce,
 		) -> Vec<bp_messages::OutboundMessageDetails> {
@@ -1141,15 +1148,20 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 					);
 
 					// open bridge
-					let origin = RuntimeOrigin::from(pallet_xcm::Origin::Xcm(sibling_parachain_location.clone()));
-					XcmOverBridgeHubRococo::open_bridge(
-						origin.clone(),
-						alloc::boxed::Box::new(VersionedInteriorLocation::from([GlobalConsensus(NetworkId::Rococo), Parachain(8765)])),
+					let bridge_destination_universal_location: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(NetworkId::Rococo), Parachain(8765)].into();
+					let locations = XcmOverBridgeHubRococo::bridge_locations(
+						sibling_parachain_location.clone(),
+						bridge_destination_universal_location.clone(),
+					)?;
+					XcmOverBridgeHubRococo::do_open_bridge(
+						locations,
+						bp_messages::LegacyLaneId([1, 2, 3, 4]),
+						true,
 					).map_err(|e| {
 						log::error!(
 							"Failed to `XcmOverBridgeHubRococo::open_bridge`({:?}, {:?})`, error: {:?}",
-							origin,
-							[GlobalConsensus(NetworkId::Rococo), Parachain(8765)],
+							sibling_parachain_location,
+							bridge_destination_universal_location,
 							e
 						);
 						BenchmarkError::Stop("Bridge was not opened!")
@@ -1203,12 +1215,16 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 				}
 
 				fn prepare_message_proof(
-					params: MessageProofParams,
-				) -> (bridge_to_rococo_config::FromRococoBridgeHubMessagesProof, Weight) {
+					params: MessageProofParams<LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_rococo_config::WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance>>,
+				) -> (bridge_to_rococo_config::FromRococoBridgeHubMessagesProof<bridge_to_rococo_config::WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance>, Weight) {
 					use cumulus_primitives_core::XcmpMessageSource;
 					assert!(XcmpQueue::take_outbound_messages(usize::MAX).is_empty());
 					ParachainSystem::open_outbound_hrmp_channel_for_benchmarks_or_tests(42.into());
-					let universal_source = bridge_to_rococo_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks(params.lane, 42);
+					let universal_source = bridge_to_rococo_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks::<
+						Runtime,
+						bridge_to_rococo_config::XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance,
+						xcm_config::LocationToAccountId,
+					>(params.lane, 42);
 					prepare_message_proof_from_parachain::<
 						Runtime,
 						bridge_to_rococo_config::BridgeGrandpaRococoInstance,
@@ -1217,9 +1233,13 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 				}
 
 				fn prepare_message_delivery_proof(
-					params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountId>,
-				) -> bridge_to_rococo_config::ToRococoBridgeHubMessagesDeliveryProof {
-					let _ = bridge_to_rococo_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks(params.lane, 42);
+					params: MessageDeliveryProofParams<AccountId, LaneIdOf<Runtime, bridge_to_rococo_config::WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance>>,
+				) -> bridge_to_rococo_config::ToRococoBridgeHubMessagesDeliveryProof<bridge_to_rococo_config::WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance> {
+					let _ = bridge_to_rococo_config::open_bridge_for_benchmarks::<
+						Runtime,
+						bridge_to_rococo_config::XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance,
+						xcm_config::LocationToAccountId,
+					>(params.lane, 42);
 					prepare_message_delivery_proof_from_parachain::<
 						Runtime,
 						bridge_to_rococo_config::BridgeGrandpaRococoInstance,
@@ -1264,14 +1284,15 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 				}
 			}
 
-			impl BridgeRelayersConfig for Runtime {
+			impl BridgeRelayersConfig<bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance> for Runtime {
 				fn prepare_rewards_account(
-					account_params: bp_relayers::RewardsAccountParams,
+					account_params: bp_relayers::RewardsAccountParams<<Self as pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance>>::LaneId>,
 					reward: Balance,
 				) {
 					let rewards_account = bp_relayers::PayRewardFromAccount::<
 						Balances,
-						AccountId
+						AccountId,
+						<Self as pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<bridge_common_config::RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance>>::LaneId,
 					>::rewards_account(account_params);
 					Self::deposit_account(rewards_account, reward);
 				}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
index 491caa38dc5f6167c22f1f5c2e2f3b330112efe8..ae31ca4cedf2336be6d103c73cc9067989928ae5 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -43,11 +43,12 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor,
-	FungibleAdapter, HandleFee, IsConcrete, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative,
-	SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
-	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit,
-	TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
+	EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, HandleFee, HashedDescription,
+	IsConcrete, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount,
+	SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative,
+	SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId,
+	UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
 };
 use xcm_executor::{
 	traits::{FeeManager, FeeReason, FeeReason::Export},
@@ -76,6 +77,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>,
 	// Straight up local `AccountId32` origins just alias directly to `AccountId`.
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting the native currency on this chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/tests/tests.rs
index 4391b069cf093fe6d2347b081d50fa7d898ffa2f..c5a9b8c53a93e694e6efb1df7f03cc401b6e302c 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/tests/tests.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/tests/tests.rs
@@ -16,8 +16,12 @@
 
 #![cfg(test)]
 
+use bp_messages::LegacyLaneId;
 use bp_polkadot_core::Signature;
-use bridge_common_config::{DeliveryRewardInBalance, RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash};
+use bridge_common_config::{
+	DeliveryRewardInBalance, RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance,
+	RequiredStakeForStakeAndSlash,
+};
 use bridge_hub_test_utils::{test_cases::from_parachain, SlotDurations};
 use bridge_hub_westend_runtime::{
 	bridge_common_config, bridge_to_rococo_config,
@@ -35,6 +39,7 @@ use codec::{Decode, Encode};
 use frame_support::{dispatch::GetDispatchInfo, parameter_types, traits::ConstU8};
 use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId, Balance};
 use sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
 use sp_keyring::AccountKeyring::Alice;
 use sp_runtime::{
 	generic::{Era, SignedPayload},
@@ -42,6 +47,7 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 };
 use testnet_parachains_constants::westend::{consensus::*, fee::WeightToFee};
 use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
 
 // Random para id of sibling chain used in tests.
 pub const SIBLING_PARACHAIN_ID: u32 = 2053;
@@ -63,6 +69,7 @@ type RuntimeTestsAdapter = from_parachain::WithRemoteParachainHelperAdapter<
 	BridgeGrandpaRococoInstance,
 	BridgeParachainRococoInstance,
 	WithBridgeHubRococoMessagesInstance,
+	RelayersForLegacyLaneIdsMessagesInstance,
 >;
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -235,7 +242,15 @@ fn handle_export_message_from_system_parachain_add_to_outbound_queue_works() {
 					XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance,
 					LocationToAccountId,
 					WestendLocation,
-				>(SiblingParachainLocation::get(), BridgedUniversalLocation::get()).1
+				>(
+					SiblingParachainLocation::get(),
+					BridgedUniversalLocation::get(),
+					|locations, fee| {
+						bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+							Runtime, XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance
+						>(locations, fee, LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]))
+					}
+				).1
 			},
 		)
 }
@@ -288,10 +303,20 @@ fn relayed_incoming_message_works() {
 				XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance,
 				LocationToAccountId,
 				WestendLocation,
-			>(SiblingParachainLocation::get(), BridgedUniversalLocation::get())
+			>(
+				SiblingParachainLocation::get(),
+				BridgedUniversalLocation::get(),
+				|locations, fee| {
+					bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+						Runtime,
+						XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance,
+					>(locations, fee, LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]))
+				},
+			)
 			.1
 		},
 		construct_and_apply_extrinsic,
+		true,
 	)
 }
 
@@ -312,10 +337,20 @@ fn free_relay_extrinsic_works() {
 				XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance,
 				LocationToAccountId,
 				WestendLocation,
-			>(SiblingParachainLocation::get(), BridgedUniversalLocation::get())
+			>(
+				SiblingParachainLocation::get(),
+				BridgedUniversalLocation::get(),
+				|locations, fee| {
+					bridge_hub_test_utils::open_bridge_with_storage::<
+						Runtime,
+						XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance,
+					>(locations, fee, LegacyLaneId([0, 0, 0, 1]))
+				},
+			)
 			.1
 		},
 		construct_and_apply_extrinsic,
+		true,
 	)
 }
 
@@ -379,20 +414,110 @@ pub fn can_calculate_fee_for_standalone_message_confirmation_transaction() {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn open_and_close_bridge_works() {
-	let origins = [SiblingParachainLocation::get(), SiblingSystemParachainLocation::get()];
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
 
-	for origin in origins {
-		bridge_hub_test_utils::test_cases::open_and_close_bridge_works::<
-			Runtime,
-			XcmOverBridgeHubRococoInstance,
-			LocationToAccountId,
-			WestendLocation,
-		>(
-			collator_session_keys(),
-			bp_bridge_hub_westend::BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_PARACHAIN_ID,
-			origin,
-			BridgedUniversalLocation::get(),
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(Alice).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EueAXd4h8u75nSbFdDJbC29cmi4Uo1YJssqEL9idvindxFL",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(Alice).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dmbuiq48fU4iW58FKYqoGbbfxFHjbAeGLMtjFg6NNCw3ssr",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
 		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/Cargo.toml
index 8c048a0d2dbd8b033ad9b3a1cef93eb199e3d62f..915b3090092f3c16f126ca6f86e700bd8e6ebdc1 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ parachains-runtimes-test-utils = { workspace = true }
 xcm = { workspace = true }
 xcm-builder = { workspace = true }
 xcm-executor = { workspace = true }
+pallet-xcm = { workspace = true }
 
 # Bridges
 bp-header-chain = { workspace = true }
@@ -81,6 +82,7 @@ std = [
 	"pallet-timestamp/std",
 	"pallet-utility/std",
 	"pallet-xcm-bridge-hub/std",
+	"pallet-xcm/std",
 	"parachains-common/std",
 	"parachains-runtimes-test-utils/std",
 	"sp-core/std",
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/lib.rs
index b8d6d87051c76f346bf24d98ef6e8ccf85e5a7db..bc28df0eb829cc02ba455b363ce6bea51d702950 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/lib.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ extern crate alloc;
 pub use bp_test_utils::test_header;
 pub use parachains_runtimes_test_utils::*;
 use sp_runtime::Perbill;
-pub use test_cases::helpers::ensure_opened_bridge;
+pub use test_cases::helpers::{
+	ensure_opened_bridge, open_bridge_with_extrinsic, open_bridge_with_storage,
+};
 
 /// A helper function for comparing the actual value of a fee constant with its estimated value. The
 /// estimated value can be overestimated (`overestimate_in_percent`), and if the difference to the
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/from_grandpa_chain.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/from_grandpa_chain.rs
index 72743eaa41dbcaad20c1f22b33e644e68ac6cc7b..320f3030b60a63e362bf88f467ac09afb78ff64b 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/from_grandpa_chain.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/from_grandpa_chain.rs
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ use crate::{
 
 use alloc::{boxed::Box, vec};
 use bp_header_chain::ChainWithGrandpa;
-use bp_messages::{LaneId, UnrewardedRelayersState};
+use bp_messages::UnrewardedRelayersState;
 use bp_relayers::{RewardsAccountOwner, RewardsAccountParams};
 use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::XcmAsPlainPayload;
 use frame_support::traits::{OnFinalize, OnInitialize};
 use frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor;
-use pallet_bridge_messages::{BridgedChainOf, ThisChainOf};
+use pallet_bridge_messages::{BridgedChainOf, LaneIdOf, ThisChainOf};
 use parachains_runtimes_test_utils::{
 	AccountIdOf, BasicParachainRuntime, CollatorSessionKeys, RuntimeCallOf, SlotDurations,
 };
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ pub trait WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelper {
 			Self::MPI,
 			InboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload,
 			OutboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload,
-		> + pallet_bridge_relayers::Config;
+		> + pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<Self::RPI, LaneId = LaneIdOf<Self::Runtime, Self::MPI>>;
 	/// All pallets of this chain, excluding system pallet.
 	type AllPalletsWithoutSystem: OnInitialize<BlockNumberFor<Self::Runtime>>
 		+ OnFinalize<BlockNumberFor<Self::Runtime>>;
@@ -58,15 +58,18 @@ pub trait WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelper {
 	type GPI: 'static;
 	/// Instance of the `pallet-bridge-messages`, used to bridge with remote GRANDPA chain.
 	type MPI: 'static;
+	/// Instance of the `pallet-bridge-relayers`, used to collect rewards from messages `MPI`
+	/// instance.
+	type RPI: 'static;
 }
 
 /// Adapter struct that implements [`WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelper`].
-pub struct WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelperAdapter<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, MPI>(
-	core::marker::PhantomData<(Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, MPI)>,
+pub struct WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelperAdapter<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, MPI, RPI>(
+	core::marker::PhantomData<(Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, MPI, RPI)>,
 );
 
-impl<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, MPI> WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelper
-	for WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelperAdapter<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, MPI>
+impl<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, MPI, RPI> WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelper
+	for WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelperAdapter<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, MPI, RPI>
 where
 	Runtime: BasicParachainRuntime
 		+ cumulus_pallet_xcmp_queue::Config
@@ -75,16 +78,18 @@ where
 			MPI,
 			InboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload,
 			OutboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload,
-		> + pallet_bridge_relayers::Config,
+		> + pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<RPI, LaneId = LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>>,
 	AllPalletsWithoutSystem:
 		OnInitialize<BlockNumberFor<Runtime>> + OnFinalize<BlockNumberFor<Runtime>>,
 	GPI: 'static,
 	MPI: 'static,
+	RPI: 'static,
 {
 	type Runtime = Runtime;
 	type AllPalletsWithoutSystem = AllPalletsWithoutSystem;
 	type GPI = GPI;
 	type MPI = MPI;
+	type RPI = RPI;
 }
 
 /// Test-case makes sure that Runtime can dispatch XCM messages submitted by relayer,
@@ -96,11 +101,12 @@ pub fn relayed_incoming_message_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 	runtime_para_id: u32,
 	sibling_parachain_id: u32,
 	local_relay_chain_id: NetworkId,
-	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneId,
+	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 	construct_and_apply_extrinsic: fn(
 		sp_keyring::AccountKeyring,
 		RuntimeCallOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>,
 	) -> sp_runtime::DispatchOutcome,
+	expect_rewards: bool,
 ) where
 	RuntimeHelper: WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelper,
 	AccountIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>: From<AccountId32>,
@@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ pub fn relayed_incoming_message_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 				test_data::from_grandpa_chain::make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs::<
 					BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 					ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+					LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				>(
 					lane_id,
 					xcm.into(),
@@ -172,14 +179,18 @@ pub fn relayed_incoming_message_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 							lane_id,
 							1,
 						),
-						helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::expect_relayer_reward(
-							relayer_id_at_this_chain,
-							RewardsAccountParams::new(
-								lane_id,
-								bridged_chain_id,
-								RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
-							),
-						),
+						if expect_rewards {
+							helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::RPI>::expect_relayer_reward(
+								relayer_id_at_this_chain,
+								RewardsAccountParams::new(
+									lane_id,
+									bridged_chain_id,
+									RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+								),
+							)
+						} else {
+							Box::new(())
+						}
 					)),
 				),
 			]
@@ -197,11 +208,12 @@ pub fn free_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 	runtime_para_id: u32,
 	sibling_parachain_id: u32,
 	local_relay_chain_id: NetworkId,
-	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneId,
+	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 	construct_and_apply_extrinsic: fn(
 		sp_keyring::AccountKeyring,
 		RuntimeCallOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>,
 	) -> sp_runtime::DispatchOutcome,
+	expect_rewards: bool,
 ) where
 	RuntimeHelper: WithRemoteGrandpaChainHelper,
 	RuntimeHelper::Runtime: pallet_balances::Config,
@@ -263,6 +275,7 @@ pub fn free_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 				test_data::from_grandpa_chain::make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs::<
 					BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 					ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+					LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				>(
 					lane_id,
 					xcm.into(),
@@ -301,14 +314,18 @@ pub fn free_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 							lane_id,
 							1,
 						),
-						helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::expect_relayer_reward(
-							relayer_id_at_this_chain,
-							RewardsAccountParams::new(
-								lane_id,
-								bridged_chain_id,
-								RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
-							),
-						),
+						if expect_rewards {
+							helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::RPI>::expect_relayer_reward(
+								relayer_id_at_this_chain,
+								RewardsAccountParams::new(
+									lane_id,
+									bridged_chain_id,
+									RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+								),
+							)
+						} else {
+							Box::new(())
+						}
 					)),
 				),
 			]
@@ -325,7 +342,7 @@ pub fn complex_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 	runtime_para_id: u32,
 	sibling_parachain_id: u32,
 	local_relay_chain_id: NetworkId,
-	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneId,
+	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 	construct_and_apply_extrinsic: fn(
 		sp_keyring::AccountKeyring,
 		RuntimeCallOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>,
@@ -372,6 +389,7 @@ pub fn complex_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 				test_data::from_grandpa_chain::make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs::<
 					BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 					ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+					LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				>(
 					lane_id,
 					xcm.into(),
@@ -382,9 +400,10 @@ pub fn complex_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 				);
 
 			let relay_chain_header_hash = relay_chain_header.hash();
-			vec![(
-				pallet_utility::Call::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::batch_all {
-					calls: vec![
+			vec![
+				(
+					pallet_utility::Call::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::batch_all {
+						calls: vec![
 						BridgeGrandpaCall::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::GPI>::submit_finality_proof {
 							finality_target: Box::new(relay_chain_header),
 							justification: grandpa_justification,
@@ -396,27 +415,33 @@ pub fn complex_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 							dispatch_weight: Weight::from_parts(1000000000, 0),
 						}.into(),
 					],
-				}
-				.into(),
-				Box::new((
-					helpers::VerifySubmitGrandpaFinalityProofOutcome::<
-						RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
-						RuntimeHelper::GPI,
-					>::expect_best_header_hash(relay_chain_header_hash),
-					helpers::VerifySubmitMessagesProofOutcome::<
-						RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
-						RuntimeHelper::MPI,
-					>::expect_last_delivered_nonce(lane_id, 1),
-					helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::expect_relayer_reward(
-						relayer_id_at_this_chain,
-						RewardsAccountParams::new(
-							lane_id,
-							bridged_chain_id,
-							RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+					}
+					.into(),
+					Box::new(
+						(
+							helpers::VerifySubmitGrandpaFinalityProofOutcome::<
+								RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
+								RuntimeHelper::GPI,
+							>::expect_best_header_hash(relay_chain_header_hash),
+							helpers::VerifySubmitMessagesProofOutcome::<
+								RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
+								RuntimeHelper::MPI,
+							>::expect_last_delivered_nonce(lane_id, 1),
+							helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<
+								RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
+								RuntimeHelper::RPI,
+							>::expect_relayer_reward(
+								relayer_id_at_this_chain,
+								RewardsAccountParams::new(
+									lane_id,
+									bridged_chain_id,
+									RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+								),
+							),
 						),
 					),
-				)),
-			)]
+				),
+			]
 		},
 	);
 }
@@ -446,8 +471,9 @@ where
 			test_data::from_grandpa_chain::make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs::<
 				BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+				LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			>(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
+				LaneIdOf::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>::default(),
 				vec![Instruction::<()>::ClearOrigin; 1_024].into(),
 				1,
 				[GlobalConsensus(Polkadot), Parachain(1_000)].into(),
@@ -502,8 +528,9 @@ where
 				BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				(),
+				LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			>(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
+				LaneIdOf::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>::default(),
 				1u32.into(),
 				AccountId32::from(Alice.public()).into(),
 				unrewarded_relayers.clone(),
@@ -550,8 +577,9 @@ where
 			test_data::from_grandpa_chain::make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs::<
 				BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+				LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			>(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
+				LaneIdOf::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>::default(),
 				vec![Instruction::<()>::ClearOrigin; 1_024].into(),
 				1,
 				[GlobalConsensus(Polkadot), Parachain(1_000)].into(),
@@ -602,8 +630,9 @@ where
 				BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				(),
+				LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			>(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
+				LaneIdOf::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>::default(),
 				1u32.into(),
 				AccountId32::from(Alice.public()).into(),
 				unrewarded_relayers.clone(),
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/from_parachain.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/from_parachain.rs
index 82edcacdcab57d4cc33ca8b9fea312f2e7596327..1da901e0bcdf9e8da142fba80ad07d053f3fabe2 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/from_parachain.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/from_parachain.rs
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ use crate::{
 
 use alloc::{boxed::Box, vec};
 use bp_header_chain::ChainWithGrandpa;
-use bp_messages::{LaneId, UnrewardedRelayersState};
+use bp_messages::UnrewardedRelayersState;
 use bp_polkadot_core::parachains::ParaHash;
 use bp_relayers::{RewardsAccountOwner, RewardsAccountParams};
 use bp_runtime::{Chain, Parachain};
 use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::XcmAsPlainPayload;
 use frame_support::traits::{OnFinalize, OnInitialize};
 use frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor;
-use pallet_bridge_messages::{BridgedChainOf, ThisChainOf};
+use pallet_bridge_messages::{BridgedChainOf, LaneIdOf, ThisChainOf};
 use parachains_runtimes_test_utils::{
 	AccountIdOf, BasicParachainRuntime, CollatorSessionKeys, RuntimeCallOf, SlotDurations,
 };
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ pub trait WithRemoteParachainHelper {
 			Self::MPI,
 			InboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload,
 			OutboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload,
-		> + pallet_bridge_relayers::Config;
+		> + pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<Self::RPI, LaneId = LaneIdOf<Self::Runtime, Self::MPI>>;
 	/// All pallets of this chain, excluding system pallet.
 	type AllPalletsWithoutSystem: OnInitialize<BlockNumberFor<Self::Runtime>>
 		+ OnFinalize<BlockNumberFor<Self::Runtime>>;
@@ -63,15 +63,18 @@ pub trait WithRemoteParachainHelper {
 	type PPI: 'static;
 	/// Instance of the `pallet-bridge-messages`, used to bridge with remote parachain.
 	type MPI: 'static;
+	/// Instance of the `pallet-bridge-relayers`, used to collect rewards from messages `MPI`
+	/// instance.
+	type RPI: 'static;
 }
 
 /// Adapter struct that implements `WithRemoteParachainHelper`.
-pub struct WithRemoteParachainHelperAdapter<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, PPI, MPI>(
-	core::marker::PhantomData<(Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, PPI, MPI)>,
+pub struct WithRemoteParachainHelperAdapter<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, PPI, MPI, RPI>(
+	core::marker::PhantomData<(Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, PPI, MPI, RPI)>,
 );
 
-impl<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, PPI, MPI> WithRemoteParachainHelper
-	for WithRemoteParachainHelperAdapter<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, PPI, MPI>
+impl<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, PPI, MPI, RPI> WithRemoteParachainHelper
+	for WithRemoteParachainHelperAdapter<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem, GPI, PPI, MPI, RPI>
 where
 	Runtime: BasicParachainRuntime
 		+ cumulus_pallet_xcmp_queue::Config
@@ -81,19 +84,20 @@ where
 			MPI,
 			InboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload,
 			OutboundPayload = XcmAsPlainPayload,
-		> + pallet_bridge_relayers::Config,
+		> + pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<RPI, LaneId = LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>>,
 	AllPalletsWithoutSystem:
 		OnInitialize<BlockNumberFor<Runtime>> + OnFinalize<BlockNumberFor<Runtime>>,
 	GPI: 'static,
 	PPI: 'static,
 	MPI: 'static,
-	// MB: MessageBridge,
+	RPI: 'static,
 {
 	type Runtime = Runtime;
 	type AllPalletsWithoutSystem = AllPalletsWithoutSystem;
 	type GPI = GPI;
 	type PPI = PPI;
 	type MPI = MPI;
+	type RPI = RPI;
 }
 
 /// Test-case makes sure that Runtime can dispatch XCM messages submitted by relayer,
@@ -106,11 +110,12 @@ pub fn relayed_incoming_message_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 	bridged_para_id: u32,
 	sibling_parachain_id: u32,
 	local_relay_chain_id: NetworkId,
-	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneId,
+	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 	construct_and_apply_extrinsic: fn(
 		sp_keyring::AccountKeyring,
 		<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeCall,
 	) -> sp_runtime::DispatchOutcome,
+	expect_rewards: bool,
 ) where
 	RuntimeHelper: WithRemoteParachainHelper,
 	AccountIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>: From<AccountId32>,
@@ -161,6 +166,7 @@ pub fn relayed_incoming_message_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 				<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as BridgeGrandpaConfig<RuntimeHelper::GPI>>::BridgedChain,
 				BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+				LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			>(
 				lane_id,
 				xcm.into(),
@@ -208,14 +214,18 @@ pub fn relayed_incoming_message_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 							lane_id,
 							1,
 						),
-						helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::expect_relayer_reward(
-							relayer_id_at_this_chain,
-							RewardsAccountParams::new(
-								lane_id,
-								bridged_chain_id,
-								RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
-							),
-						),
+						if expect_rewards {
+                            helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::RPI>::expect_relayer_reward(
+                                relayer_id_at_this_chain,
+                                RewardsAccountParams::new(
+                                    lane_id,
+                                    bridged_chain_id,
+                                    RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+                                ),
+                            )
+						} else {
+							Box::new(())
+						}
 					)),
 				),
 			]
@@ -234,11 +244,12 @@ pub fn free_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 	bridged_para_id: u32,
 	sibling_parachain_id: u32,
 	local_relay_chain_id: NetworkId,
-	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneId,
+	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 	construct_and_apply_extrinsic: fn(
 		sp_keyring::AccountKeyring,
 		<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeCall,
 	) -> sp_runtime::DispatchOutcome,
+	expect_rewards: bool,
 ) where
 	RuntimeHelper: WithRemoteParachainHelper,
 	RuntimeHelper::Runtime: pallet_balances::Config,
@@ -312,6 +323,7 @@ pub fn free_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 				<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as BridgeGrandpaConfig<RuntimeHelper::GPI>>::BridgedChain,
 				BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+				LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			>(
 				lane_id,
 				xcm.into(),
@@ -353,10 +365,10 @@ pub fn free_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 							bridged_para_id,
 							parachain_head_hash,
 						),
-						/*helpers::VerifyRelayerBalance::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::expect_relayer_balance(
+						helpers::VerifyRelayerBalance::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::expect_relayer_balance(
 							relayer_id_at_this_chain.clone(),
 							initial_relayer_balance,
-						),*/
+						),
 					)),
 				),
 				(
@@ -371,14 +383,18 @@ pub fn free_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 							lane_id,
 							1,
 						),
-						helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::expect_relayer_reward(
-							relayer_id_at_this_chain,
-							RewardsAccountParams::new(
-								lane_id,
-								bridged_chain_id,
-								RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
-							),
-						),
+						if expect_rewards {
+                            helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::RPI>::expect_relayer_reward(
+                                relayer_id_at_this_chain,
+                                RewardsAccountParams::new(
+                                    lane_id,
+                                    bridged_chain_id,
+                                    RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+                                ),
+                            )
+						} else {
+							Box::new(())
+						}
 					)),
 				),
 			]
@@ -396,7 +412,7 @@ pub fn complex_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 	bridged_para_id: u32,
 	sibling_parachain_id: u32,
 	local_relay_chain_id: NetworkId,
-	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneId,
+	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 	construct_and_apply_extrinsic: fn(
 		sp_keyring::AccountKeyring,
 		<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeCall,
@@ -454,6 +470,7 @@ pub fn complex_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 				<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as BridgeGrandpaConfig<RuntimeHelper::GPI>>::BridgedChain,
 				BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+				LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			>(
 				lane_id,
 				xcm.into(),
@@ -468,9 +485,10 @@ pub fn complex_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 			let parachain_head_hash = parachain_head.hash();
 			let relay_chain_header_hash = relay_chain_header.hash();
 			let relay_chain_header_number = *relay_chain_header.number();
-			vec![(
-				pallet_utility::Call::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::batch_all {
-					calls: vec![
+			vec![
+				(
+					pallet_utility::Call::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::batch_all {
+						calls: vec![
 						BridgeGrandpaCall::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::GPI>::submit_finality_proof {
 							finality_target: Box::new(relay_chain_header),
 							justification: grandpa_justification,
@@ -487,31 +505,37 @@ pub fn complex_relay_extrinsic_works<RuntimeHelper>(
 							dispatch_weight: Weight::from_parts(1000000000, 0),
 						}.into(),
 					],
-				}
-				.into(),
-				Box::new((
-					helpers::VerifySubmitGrandpaFinalityProofOutcome::<
-						RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
-						RuntimeHelper::GPI,
-					>::expect_best_header_hash(relay_chain_header_hash),
-					helpers::VerifySubmitParachainHeaderProofOutcome::<
-						RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
-						RuntimeHelper::PPI,
-					>::expect_best_header_hash(bridged_para_id, parachain_head_hash),
-					helpers::VerifySubmitMessagesProofOutcome::<
-						RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
-						RuntimeHelper::MPI,
-					>::expect_last_delivered_nonce(lane_id, 1),
-					helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime>::expect_relayer_reward(
-						relayer_id_at_this_chain,
-						RewardsAccountParams::new(
-							lane_id,
-							bridged_chain_id,
-							RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+					}
+					.into(),
+					Box::new(
+						(
+							helpers::VerifySubmitGrandpaFinalityProofOutcome::<
+								RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
+								RuntimeHelper::GPI,
+							>::expect_best_header_hash(relay_chain_header_hash),
+							helpers::VerifySubmitParachainHeaderProofOutcome::<
+								RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
+								RuntimeHelper::PPI,
+							>::expect_best_header_hash(bridged_para_id, parachain_head_hash),
+							helpers::VerifySubmitMessagesProofOutcome::<
+								RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
+								RuntimeHelper::MPI,
+							>::expect_last_delivered_nonce(lane_id, 1),
+							helpers::VerifyRelayerRewarded::<
+								RuntimeHelper::Runtime,
+								RuntimeHelper::RPI,
+							>::expect_relayer_reward(
+								relayer_id_at_this_chain,
+								RewardsAccountParams::new(
+									lane_id,
+									bridged_chain_id,
+									RewardsAccountOwner::ThisChain,
+								),
+							),
 						),
 					),
-				)),
-			)]
+				),
+			]
 		},
 	);
 }
@@ -551,8 +575,9 @@ where
 			<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as pallet_bridge_grandpa::Config<RuntimeHelper::GPI>>::BridgedChain,
 			BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+			LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>
 		>(
-			LaneId::new(1, 2),
+			LaneIdOf::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>::default(),
 			vec![Instruction::<()>::ClearOrigin; 1_024].into(),
 			1,
 			[GlobalConsensus(Polkadot), Parachain(1_000)].into(),
@@ -621,8 +646,9 @@ where
 			<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as BridgeGrandpaConfig<RuntimeHelper::GPI>>::BridgedChain,
 			BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+			LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 		>(
-			LaneId::new(1, 2),
+			LaneIdOf::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>::default(),
 			1,
 			5,
 			1_000,
@@ -683,8 +709,9 @@ where
 			<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as pallet_bridge_grandpa::Config<RuntimeHelper::GPI>>::BridgedChain,
 			BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+			LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 		>(
-			LaneId::new(1, 2),
+			LaneIdOf::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>::default(),
 			vec![Instruction::<()>::ClearOrigin; 1_024].into(),
 			1,
 			[GlobalConsensus(Polkadot), Parachain(1_000)].into(),
@@ -738,8 +765,9 @@ where
 				<RuntimeHelper::Runtime as BridgeGrandpaConfig<RuntimeHelper::GPI>>::BridgedChain,
 				BridgedChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 				ThisChainOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
+				LaneIdOf<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>,
 			>(
-				LaneId::new(1, 2),
+				LaneIdOf::<RuntimeHelper::Runtime, RuntimeHelper::MPI>::default(),
 				1,
 				5,
 				1_000,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/helpers.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/helpers.rs
index c343e9b3e09a382065e7aed1be275abf9c029f43..aac60bba0b53978fc72f7562a1e52480205be3b6 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/helpers.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/helpers.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 use crate::test_cases::{bridges_prelude::*, run_test, RuntimeHelper};
 
 use asset_test_utils::BasicParachainRuntime;
-use bp_messages::{LaneId, MessageNonce};
+use bp_messages::MessageNonce;
 use bp_polkadot_core::parachains::{ParaHash, ParaId};
 use bp_relayers::RewardsAccountParams;
 use bp_runtime::Chain;
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ use frame_support::{
 };
 use frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor;
 use pallet_bridge_grandpa::{BridgedBlockHash, BridgedHeader};
-use pallet_bridge_messages::BridgedChainOf;
+use pallet_bridge_messages::{BridgedChainOf, LaneIdOf};
 use parachains_common::AccountId;
 use parachains_runtimes_test_utils::{
 	mock_open_hrmp_channel, AccountIdOf, CollatorSessionKeys, RuntimeCallOf, SlotDurations,
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ where
 }
 
 /// Checks that the latest delivered nonce in the bridge messages pallet equals to given one.
-pub struct VerifySubmitMessagesProofOutcome<Runtime, MPI> {
-	lane: LaneId,
+pub struct VerifySubmitMessagesProofOutcome<Runtime: BridgeMessagesConfig<MPI>, MPI: 'static> {
+	lane: LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>,
 	expected_nonce: MessageNonce,
 	_marker: PhantomData<(Runtime, MPI)>,
 }
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ where
 {
 	/// Expect given delivered nonce to be the latest after transaction.
 	pub fn expect_last_delivered_nonce(
-		lane: LaneId,
+		lane: LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>,
 		expected_nonce: MessageNonce,
 	) -> Box<dyn VerifyTransactionOutcome> {
 		Box::new(Self { lane, expected_nonce, _marker: PhantomData })
@@ -167,30 +167,32 @@ where
 }
 
 /// Verifies that relayer is rewarded at this chain.
-pub struct VerifyRelayerRewarded<Runtime: frame_system::Config> {
+pub struct VerifyRelayerRewarded<Runtime: pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<RPI>, RPI: 'static> {
 	relayer: Runtime::AccountId,
-	reward_params: RewardsAccountParams,
+	reward_params: RewardsAccountParams<Runtime::LaneId>,
 }
 
-impl<Runtime> VerifyRelayerRewarded<Runtime>
+impl<Runtime, RPI> VerifyRelayerRewarded<Runtime, RPI>
 where
-	Runtime: pallet_bridge_relayers::Config,
+	Runtime: pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<RPI>,
+	RPI: 'static,
 {
 	/// Expect given delivered nonce to be the latest after transaction.
 	pub fn expect_relayer_reward(
 		relayer: Runtime::AccountId,
-		reward_params: RewardsAccountParams,
+		reward_params: RewardsAccountParams<Runtime::LaneId>,
 	) -> Box<dyn VerifyTransactionOutcome> {
 		Box::new(Self { relayer, reward_params })
 	}
 }
 
-impl<Runtime> VerifyTransactionOutcome for VerifyRelayerRewarded<Runtime>
+impl<Runtime, RPI> VerifyTransactionOutcome for VerifyRelayerRewarded<Runtime, RPI>
 where
-	Runtime: pallet_bridge_relayers::Config,
+	Runtime: pallet_bridge_relayers::Config<RPI>,
+	RPI: 'static,
 {
 	fn verify_outcome(&self) {
-		assert!(pallet_bridge_relayers::RelayerRewards::<Runtime>::get(
+		assert!(pallet_bridge_relayers::RelayerRewards::<Runtime, RPI>::get(
 			&self.relayer,
 			&self.reward_params,
 		)
@@ -388,7 +390,12 @@ fn execute_and_verify_calls<Runtime: frame_system::Config>(
 
 /// Helper function to open the bridge/lane for `source` and `destination` while ensuring all
 /// required balances are placed into the SA of the source.
-pub fn ensure_opened_bridge<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance, LocationToAccountId, TokenLocation>(source: Location, destination: InteriorLocation) -> (BridgeLocations, LaneId)
+pub fn ensure_opened_bridge<
+	Runtime,
+	XcmOverBridgePalletInstance,
+	LocationToAccountId,
+	TokenLocation>
+(source: Location, destination: InteriorLocation, bridge_opener: impl Fn(BridgeLocations, Asset)) -> (BridgeLocations, pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneIdOf<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>)
 where
 	Runtime: BasicParachainRuntime + BridgeXcmOverBridgeConfig<XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>,
 	XcmOverBridgePalletInstance: 'static,
@@ -425,34 +432,74 @@ TokenLocation: Get<Location>{
 	let _ = <pallet_balances::Pallet<Runtime>>::mint_into(&source_account_id, balance_needed)
 		.expect("mint_into passes");
 
+	// call the bridge opener
+	bridge_opener(*locations.clone(), buy_execution_fee);
+
+	// check opened bridge
+	let bridge = pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Bridges::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>::get(
+		locations.bridge_id(),
+	)
+	.expect("opened bridge");
+
+	// check state
+	assert_ok!(
+		pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Pallet::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>::do_try_state()
+	);
+
+	// return locations
+	(*locations, bridge.lane_id)
+}
+
+/// Utility for opening bridge with dedicated `pallet_xcm_bridge_hub`'s extrinsic.
+pub fn open_bridge_with_extrinsic<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>(
+	locations: BridgeLocations,
+	buy_execution_fee: Asset,
+) where
+	Runtime: frame_system::Config
+		+ pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>
+		+ cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::Config
+		+ pallet_xcm::Config,
+	XcmOverBridgePalletInstance: 'static,
+	<Runtime as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeCall:
+		GetDispatchInfo + From<BridgeXcmOverBridgeCall<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>>,
+{
 	// open bridge with `Transact` call
 	let open_bridge_call = RuntimeCallOf::<Runtime>::from(BridgeXcmOverBridgeCall::<
 		Runtime,
 		XcmOverBridgePalletInstance,
 	>::open_bridge {
-		bridge_destination_universal_location: Box::new(destination.into()),
+		bridge_destination_universal_location: Box::new(
+			locations.bridge_destination_universal_location().clone().into(),
+		),
 	});
 
 	// execute XCM as source origin would do with `Transact -> Origin::Xcm`
 	assert_ok!(RuntimeHelper::<Runtime>::execute_as_origin_xcm(
+		locations.bridge_origin_relative_location().clone(),
 		open_bridge_call,
-		source.clone(),
 		buy_execution_fee
 	)
 	.ensure_complete());
+}
 
-	let bridge = pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Bridges::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>::get(
-		locations.bridge_id(),
-	)
-	.expect("opened bridge");
-
-	// check state
+/// Utility for opening bridge directly inserting data to the storage (used only for legacy
+/// purposes).
+pub fn open_bridge_with_storage<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>(
+	locations: BridgeLocations,
+	_buy_execution_fee: Asset,
+	lane_id: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::LaneIdOf<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>,
+) where
+	Runtime: pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Config<XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>,
+	XcmOverBridgePalletInstance: 'static,
+{
+	// insert bridge data directly to the storage
 	assert_ok!(
-		pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Pallet::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>::do_try_state()
+		pallet_xcm_bridge_hub::Pallet::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>::do_open_bridge(
+			Box::new(locations),
+			lane_id,
+			true
+		)
 	);
-
-	// return locations
-	(*locations, bridge.lane_id)
 }
 
 /// Helper function to close the bridge/lane for `source` and `destination`.
@@ -504,8 +551,8 @@ TokenLocation: Get<Location>{
 
 	// execute XCM as source origin would do with `Transact -> Origin::Xcm`
 	assert_ok!(RuntimeHelper::<Runtime>::execute_as_origin_xcm(
-		close_bridge_call,
 		source.clone(),
+		close_bridge_call,
 		buy_execution_fee
 	)
 	.ensure_complete());
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/mod.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/mod.rs
index de117982b26fbd9696620d9c4ccdb726a17ebede..9c5d6269dc0e799ef6fe89fb18fa5389c5cceca0 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/mod.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_cases/mod.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use crate::{test_cases::bridges_prelude::*, test_data};
 use asset_test_utils::BasicParachainRuntime;
 use bp_messages::{
 	target_chain::{DispatchMessage, DispatchMessageData, MessageDispatch},
-	LaneId, LaneState, MessageKey, MessagesOperatingMode, OutboundLaneData,
+	LaneState, MessageKey, MessagesOperatingMode, OutboundLaneData,
 };
 use bp_runtime::BasicOperatingMode;
 use bp_xcm_bridge_hub::{Bridge, BridgeState, XcmAsPlainPayload};
@@ -71,11 +71,13 @@ pub(crate) mod bridges_prelude {
 
 // Re-export test_case from assets
 pub use asset_test_utils::include_teleports_for_native_asset_works;
+use pallet_bridge_messages::LaneIdOf;
 
 pub type RuntimeHelper<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem = ()> =
 	parachains_runtimes_test_utils::RuntimeHelper<Runtime, AllPalletsWithoutSystem>;
 
 // Re-export test_case from `parachains-runtimes-test-utils`
+use crate::test_cases::helpers::open_bridge_with_extrinsic;
 pub use parachains_runtimes_test_utils::test_cases::{
 	change_storage_constant_by_governance_works, set_storage_keys_by_governance_works,
 };
@@ -326,7 +328,7 @@ pub fn handle_export_message_from_system_parachain_to_outbound_queue_works<
 	export_message_instruction: fn() -> Instruction<XcmConfig::RuntimeCall>,
 	existential_deposit: Option<Asset>,
 	maybe_paid_export_message: Option<Asset>,
-	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneId,
+	prepare_configuration: impl Fn() -> LaneIdOf<Runtime, MessagesPalletInstance>,
 ) where
 	Runtime: BasicParachainRuntime + BridgeMessagesConfig<MessagesPalletInstance>,
 	XcmConfig: xcm_executor::Config,
@@ -469,7 +471,7 @@ pub fn message_dispatch_routing_works<
 	run_test::<Runtime, _>(collator_session_key, runtime_para_id, vec![], || {
 		prepare_configuration();
 
-		let dummy_lane_id = LaneId::new(1, 2);
+		let dummy_lane_id = LaneIdOf::<Runtime, MessagesPalletInstance>::default();
 		let mut alice = [0u8; 32];
 		alice[0] = 1;
 
@@ -504,11 +506,12 @@ pub fn message_dispatch_routing_works<
 
 		// 2. this message is sent from other global consensus with destination of this Runtime
 		//    sibling parachain (HRMP)
-		let bridging_message = test_data::simulate_message_exporter_on_bridged_chain::<
-			BridgedNetwork,
-			NetworkWithParentCount<RuntimeNetwork, NetworkDistanceAsParentCount>,
-			AlwaysLatest,
-		>((RuntimeNetwork::get(), [Parachain(sibling_parachain_id)].into()));
+		let bridging_message =
+			test_data::simulate_message_exporter_on_bridged_chain::<
+				BridgedNetwork,
+				NetworkWithParentCount<RuntimeNetwork, NetworkDistanceAsParentCount>,
+				AlwaysLatest,
+			>((RuntimeNetwork::get(), [Parachain(sibling_parachain_id)].into()));
 
 		// 2.1. WITHOUT opened hrmp channel -> RoutingError
 		let result =
@@ -714,7 +717,11 @@ pub fn open_and_close_bridge_works<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance, Locatio
 				XcmOverBridgePalletInstance,
 				LocationToAccountId,
 				TokenLocation,
-			>(source.clone(), destination.clone())
+			>(
+				source.clone(),
+				destination.clone(),
+				open_bridge_with_extrinsic::<Runtime, XcmOverBridgePalletInstance>
+			)
 			.0
 			.bridge_id(),
 			locations.bridge_id()
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/from_grandpa_chain.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/from_grandpa_chain.rs
index 2940c4e00f4258818b2e6c960a0e89c758f7afab..7461085330f27691b4da39e425aebcf64046641d 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/from_grandpa_chain.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/from_grandpa_chain.rs
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ use crate::test_data::prepare_inbound_xcm;
 
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof,
-	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, ChainWithMessages, LaneId, LaneState,
-	MessageNonce, UnrewardedRelayersState,
+	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, ChainWithMessages, LaneState, MessageNonce,
+	UnrewardedRelayersState,
 };
 use bp_runtime::{AccountIdOf, BlockNumberOf, Chain, HeaderOf, UnverifiedStorageProofParams};
 use bp_test_utils::make_default_justification;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ use pallet_bridge_messages::{
 		encode_all_messages, encode_lane_data, prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof,
 		prepare_messages_storage_proof,
 	},
-	BridgedChainOf,
+	BridgedChainOf, LaneIdOf,
 };
 use sp_runtime::DigestItem;
 
@@ -48,7 +48,10 @@ use sp_runtime::DigestItem;
 pub fn make_complex_relayer_delivery_batch<Runtime, GPI, MPI>(
 	bridged_header: BridgedHeader<Runtime, GPI>,
 	bridged_justification: GrandpaJustification<BridgedHeader<Runtime, GPI>>,
-	message_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChain<Runtime, GPI>>>,
+	message_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<
+		HashOf<BridgedChain<Runtime, GPI>>,
+		LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>,
+	>,
 	relayer_id_at_bridged_chain: InboundRelayerId<Runtime, MPI>,
 ) -> pallet_utility::Call<Runtime>
 where
@@ -82,6 +85,7 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_confirmation_batch<Runtime, GPI, MPI>(
 	bridged_justification: GrandpaJustification<BridgedHeader<Runtime, GPI>>,
 	message_delivery_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<
 		HashOf<BridgedChain<Runtime, GPI>>,
+		LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>,
 	>,
 	relayers_state: UnrewardedRelayersState,
 ) -> pallet_utility::Call<Runtime>
@@ -111,7 +115,10 @@ where
 
 /// Prepare a call with message proof.
 pub fn make_standalone_relayer_delivery_call<Runtime, GPI, MPI>(
-	message_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChain<Runtime, GPI>>>,
+	message_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<
+		HashOf<BridgedChain<Runtime, GPI>>,
+		LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>,
+	>,
 	relayer_id_at_bridged_chain: InboundRelayerId<Runtime, MPI>,
 ) -> Runtime::RuntimeCall
 where
@@ -134,6 +141,7 @@ where
 pub fn make_standalone_relayer_confirmation_call<Runtime, GPI, MPI>(
 	message_delivery_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<
 		HashOf<BridgedChain<Runtime, GPI>>,
+		LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>,
 	>,
 	relayers_state: UnrewardedRelayersState,
 ) -> Runtime::RuntimeCall
@@ -152,7 +160,7 @@ where
 }
 
 /// Prepare storage proofs of messages, stored at the (bridged) source GRANDPA chain.
-pub fn make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs<BridgedChain, ThisChainWithMessages>(
+pub fn make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs<BridgedChain, ThisChainWithMessages, LaneId>(
 	lane_id: LaneId,
 	xcm_message: Xcm<()>,
 	message_nonce: MessageNonce,
@@ -162,17 +170,18 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs<BridgedChain, ThisChainWithMessages>
 ) -> (
 	HeaderOf<BridgedChain>,
 	GrandpaJustification<HeaderOf<BridgedChain>>,
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChain>>,
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<HashOf<BridgedChain>, LaneId>,
 )
 where
 	BridgedChain: ChainWithGrandpa,
 	ThisChainWithMessages: ChainWithMessages,
+	LaneId: Copy + Encode,
 {
 	// prepare message
 	let message_payload = prepare_inbound_xcm(xcm_message, message_destination);
 	// prepare storage proof containing message
 	let (state_root, storage_proof) =
-		prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChainWithMessages>(
+		prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChainWithMessages, LaneId>(
 			lane_id,
 			message_nonce..=message_nonce,
 			None,
@@ -206,6 +215,7 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_confirmation_proofs<
 	BridgedChain,
 	ThisChainWithMessages,
 	InnerXcmRuntimeCall,
+	LaneId,
 >(
 	lane_id: LaneId,
 	header_number: BlockNumberOf<BridgedChain>,
@@ -214,15 +224,16 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_confirmation_proofs<
 ) -> (
 	HeaderOf<BridgedChain>,
 	GrandpaJustification<HeaderOf<BridgedChain>>,
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChain>>,
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<HashOf<BridgedChain>, LaneId>,
 )
 where
 	BridgedChain: ChainWithGrandpa,
 	ThisChainWithMessages: ChainWithMessages,
+	LaneId: Copy + Encode,
 {
 	// prepare storage proof containing message delivery proof
 	let (state_root, storage_proof) =
-		prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChainWithMessages>(
+		prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof::<BridgedChain, ThisChainWithMessages, LaneId>(
 			lane_id,
 			InboundLaneData {
 				state: LaneState::Opened,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/from_parachain.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/from_parachain.rs
index aefbc0dbd0a786dfc3873445fdf53a2c1991fc3c..a6659b8241dfd50aedbfe14ac2672756fa0a03af 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/from_parachain.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/from_parachain.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use super::{from_grandpa_chain::make_complex_bridged_grandpa_header_proof, prepa
 
 use bp_messages::{
 	source_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof,
-	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, ChainWithMessages, LaneId, LaneState,
+	target_chain::FromBridgedChainMessagesProof, ChainWithMessages, LaneState,
 	UnrewardedRelayersState, Weight,
 };
 use bp_parachains::{RelayBlockHash, RelayBlockNumber};
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ use pallet_bridge_messages::{
 		encode_all_messages, encode_lane_data, prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof,
 		prepare_messages_storage_proof,
 	},
-	BridgedChainOf,
+	BridgedChainOf, LaneIdOf,
 };
 use sp_runtime::SaturatedConversion;
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_delivery_batch<Runtime, GPI, PPI, MPI>(
 	grandpa_justification: GrandpaJustification<BridgedHeader<Runtime, GPI>>,
 	parachain_heads: Vec<(ParaId, ParaHash)>,
 	para_heads_proof: ParaHeadsProof,
-	message_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<ParaHash>,
+	message_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<ParaHash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>>,
 	relayer_id_at_bridged_chain: InboundRelayerId<Runtime, MPI>,
 ) -> pallet_utility::Call<Runtime>
 where
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_confirmation_batch<Runtime, GPI, PPI, MPI>(
 	grandpa_justification: GrandpaJustification<BridgedHeader<Runtime, GPI>>,
 	parachain_heads: Vec<(ParaId, ParaHash)>,
 	para_heads_proof: ParaHeadsProof,
-	message_delivery_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<ParaHash>,
+	message_delivery_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<ParaHash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>>,
 	relayers_state: UnrewardedRelayersState,
 ) -> pallet_utility::Call<Runtime>
 where
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ where
 
 /// Prepare a call with message proof.
 pub fn make_standalone_relayer_delivery_call<Runtime, MPI>(
-	message_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<ParaHash>,
+	message_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<ParaHash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>>,
 	relayer_id_at_bridged_chain: InboundRelayerId<Runtime, MPI>,
 ) -> Runtime::RuntimeCall
 where
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ where
 
 /// Prepare a call with message delivery proof.
 pub fn make_standalone_relayer_confirmation_call<Runtime, MPI>(
-	message_delivery_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<ParaHash>,
+	message_delivery_proof: FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<ParaHash, LaneIdOf<Runtime, MPI>>,
 	relayers_state: UnrewardedRelayersState,
 ) -> Runtime::RuntimeCall
 where
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs<
 	BridgedRelayChain,
 	BridgedParachain,
 	ThisChainWithMessages,
+	LaneId,
 >(
 	lane_id: LaneId,
 	xcm_message: Xcm<()>,
@@ -210,19 +211,20 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_delivery_proofs<
 	ParaHead,
 	Vec<(ParaId, ParaHash)>,
 	ParaHeadsProof,
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<ParaHash>,
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesProof<ParaHash, LaneId>,
 )
 where
 	BridgedRelayChain:
 		bp_runtime::Chain<Hash = RelayBlockHash, BlockNumber = RelayBlockNumber> + ChainWithGrandpa,
 	BridgedParachain: bp_runtime::Chain<Hash = ParaHash> + Parachain,
 	ThisChainWithMessages: ChainWithMessages,
+	LaneId: Copy + Encode,
 {
 	// prepare message
 	let message_payload = prepare_inbound_xcm(xcm_message, message_destination);
 	// prepare para storage proof containing message
 	let (para_state_root, para_storage_proof) =
-		prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedParachain, ThisChainWithMessages>(
+		prepare_messages_storage_proof::<BridgedParachain, ThisChainWithMessages, LaneId>(
 			lane_id,
 			message_nonce..=message_nonce,
 			None,
@@ -266,6 +268,7 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_confirmation_proofs<
 	BridgedRelayChain,
 	BridgedParachain,
 	ThisChainWithMessages,
+	LaneId,
 >(
 	lane_id: LaneId,
 	para_header_number: u32,
@@ -279,17 +282,18 @@ pub fn make_complex_relayer_confirmation_proofs<
 	ParaHead,
 	Vec<(ParaId, ParaHash)>,
 	ParaHeadsProof,
-	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<ParaHash>,
+	FromBridgedChainMessagesDeliveryProof<ParaHash, LaneId>,
 )
 where
 	BridgedRelayChain:
 		bp_runtime::Chain<Hash = RelayBlockHash, BlockNumber = RelayBlockNumber> + ChainWithGrandpa,
 	BridgedParachain: bp_runtime::Chain<Hash = ParaHash> + Parachain,
 	ThisChainWithMessages: ChainWithMessages,
+	LaneId: Copy + Encode,
 {
 	// prepare para storage proof containing message delivery proof
 	let (para_state_root, para_storage_proof) =
-		prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof::<BridgedParachain, ThisChainWithMessages>(
+		prepare_message_delivery_storage_proof::<BridgedParachain, ThisChainWithMessages, LaneId>(
 			lane_id,
 			InboundLaneData {
 				state: LaneState::Opened,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/mod.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/mod.rs
index 106eacd799ca3aee1daea2769423976154d50337..c34188af506896d9fb4e18781b09d804077c3941 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/mod.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/test-utils/src/test_data/mod.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pub mod from_parachain;
 
 use bp_messages::{
 	target_chain::{DispatchMessage, DispatchMessageData},
-	LaneId, MessageKey,
+	MessageKey,
 };
 use codec::Encode;
 use frame_support::traits::Get;
@@ -65,11 +65,11 @@ pub(crate) fn dummy_xcm() -> Xcm<()> {
 	vec![Trap(42)].into()
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn dispatch_message(
+pub(crate) fn dispatch_message<LaneId: Encode>(
 	lane_id: LaneId,
 	nonce: MessageNonce,
 	payload: Vec<u8>,
-) -> DispatchMessage<Vec<u8>> {
+) -> DispatchMessage<Vec<u8>, LaneId> {
 	DispatchMessage {
 		key: MessageKey { lane_id, nonce },
 		data: DispatchMessageData { payload: Ok(payload) },
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/Cargo.toml
index 170d6d226057411e77de92da6d22cf68fe4fe641..8a47af18524d9a6a77ccac51f7b02c365d228323 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/Cargo.toml
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ sp-arithmetic = { workspace = true }
 sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true }
 sp-core = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-inherents = { workspace = true }
 sp-offchain = { workspace = true }
@@ -228,6 +229,7 @@ std = [
 	"sp-core/std",
 	"sp-genesis-builder/std",
 	"sp-inherents/std",
+	"sp-keyring/std",
 	"sp-offchain/std",
 	"sp-runtime/std",
 	"sp-session/std",
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
index 30a23d7aaea458128bf5149670aa5a4addd97ee4..aec8e96cedc0b5e3d6fdf354c12557813ac96d00 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 use crate::*;
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-use parachains_common::{genesis_config_helpers::*, AccountId, AuraId};
-use sp_core::sr25519;
+use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
 use sp_genesis_builder::PresetId;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use testnet_parachains_constants::westend::xcm_version::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 
 const COLLECTIVES_WESTEND_ED: Balance = ExistentialDeposit::get();
@@ -73,42 +73,20 @@ pub fn get_preset(id: &sp_genesis_builder::PresetId) -> Option<sp_std::vec::Vec<
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::LOCAL_TESTNET_RUNTIME_PRESET) => collectives_westend_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
-			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 			1001.into(),
 		),
 		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET) => collectives_westend_genesis(
 			// initial collators.
-			vec![(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			)],
+			vec![(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into())],
 			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::AliceStash.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::BobStash.to_account_id(),
 			],
 			1001.into(),
 		),
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/lib.rs
index 7174595f12a33a768c8592c91d266f7f45e394ba..7f87d4701f9629deb9edaeeb438fc6cde5e3bef7 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("collectives-westend"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("collectives-westend"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 6,
@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
index 08b1d192b0be18c73b5cad3cc26ead88bdbacb64..f8e03303c32eb4eef03629467af7bfa4b947cd77 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, EnsureXcmOrigin, FixedWeightBounds,
-	FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, IsConcrete, LocatableAssetId,
-	OriginToPluralityVoice, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative,
-	SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
-	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit,
-	TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
-	XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
+	EnsureXcmOrigin, FixedWeightBounds, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter,
+	HashedDescription, IsConcrete, LocatableAssetId, OriginToPluralityVoice, ParentAsSuperuser,
+	ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative,
+	SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32,
+	SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents,
+	WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic, XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
 };
 use xcm_executor::XcmExecutor;
 
@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>,
 	// Straight up local `AccountId32` origins just alias directly to `AccountId`.
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting the native currency on this chain.#[allow(deprecated)]
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/tests/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7add10559d84de880dbe96117bd70fa6b82e675e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/tests/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+#![cfg(test)]
+
+use collectives_westend_runtime::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId;
+use parachains_common::AccountId;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
+
+const ALICE: [u8; 32] = [1u8; 32];
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DN5SGsuUG7PAqFL47J9meViwdnk9AdeSWKFkcHC45hEzVz4",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DGRXLYwWGce7wvm14vX1Ms4Vf118FSWQbJkyQigY2pfm6bg",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/contracts.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/contracts.rs
index e8cc9d02fb0e4c6ac2db7ada26a641fea055ea76..40801f66a47ba179774fb57cfece417b064ccbd5 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/contracts.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/contracts.rs
@@ -72,7 +72,10 @@ impl Config for Runtime {
 	type MaxDebugBufferLen = ConstU32<{ 2 * 1024 * 1024 }>;
 	type MaxDelegateDependencies = ConstU32<32>;
 	type CodeHashLockupDepositPercent = CodeHashLockupDepositPercent;
-	type Migrations = (pallet_contracts::migration::v16::Migration<Runtime>,);
+	#[cfg(not(feature = "runtime-benchmarks"))]
+	type Migrations = ();
+	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
+	type Migrations = pallet_contracts::migration::codegen::BenchMigrations;
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type Debug = ();
 	type Environment = ();
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/lib.rs
index 5f03b6ab7e2cba5567b9b5016d9d74367cb750a9..3377802e91de1ab6c9bccb7ec9408776d59c0114 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/wasm_binary.rs"));
 
 mod contracts;
 mod weights;
-mod xcm_config;
+pub mod xcm_config;
 
 extern crate alloc;
 
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("contracts-rococo"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("contracts-rococo"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 7,
@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
index 6a41cf75d354693d232b9719289b8edefe1ec835..39fdd30a049857e83733c9223f2ae01fb410edb5 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -40,12 +40,13 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, EnsureXcmOrigin, FixedWeightBounds,
-	FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, IsConcrete, NativeAsset, ParentAsSuperuser,
-	ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative,
-	SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32,
-	SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents,
-	WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic, XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
+	EnsureXcmOrigin, FixedWeightBounds, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter,
+	HashedDescription, IsConcrete, NativeAsset, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset,
+	RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
+	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit,
+	TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
+	XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
 };
 use xcm_executor::XcmExecutor;
 
@@ -75,6 +76,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>,
 	// Straight up local `AccountId32` origins just alias directly to `AccountId`.
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting the native currency on this chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/tests/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..02c4b7b3963b55c7100436f426062cf7d4e574dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/tests/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+#![cfg(test)]
+
+use contracts_rococo_runtime::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId;
+use parachains_common::AccountId;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
+
+const ALICE: [u8; 32] = [1u8; 32];
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DN5SGsuUG7PAqFL47J9meViwdnk9AdeSWKFkcHC45hEzVz4",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DGRXLYwWGce7wvm14vX1Ms4Vf118FSWQbJkyQigY2pfm6bg",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/lib.rs
index be332f67c9e6fa4c870dc4f8579e92f4cb332625..f16dae04f217c819b28f488278833a53929a66a6 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("coretime-rococo"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("coretime-rococo"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 2,
@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
index f56a3c42de0210669f55f0f27feb23b44b055cd6..2eae13de2fd4032871b808e00482b0a326b675ef 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -41,11 +41,12 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor,
-	FungibleAdapter, IsConcrete, NonFungibleAdapter, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset,
-	RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
-	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit,
-	TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
+	EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, HashedDescription, IsConcrete,
+	NonFungibleAdapter, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount,
+	SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative,
+	SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId,
+	UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
 	XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
 };
 use xcm_executor::XcmExecutor;
@@ -74,6 +75,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>,
 	// Straight up local `AccountId32` origins just alias directly to `AccountId`.
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting the native currency on this chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/tests/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2cabce567b6e73a8f833d6922539580e6d23e9f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/tests/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+#![cfg(test)]
+
+use coretime_rococo_runtime::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId;
+use parachains_common::AccountId;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
+
+const ALICE: [u8; 32] = [1u8; 32];
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DN5SGsuUG7PAqFL47J9meViwdnk9AdeSWKFkcHC45hEzVz4",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DGRXLYwWGce7wvm14vX1Ms4Vf118FSWQbJkyQigY2pfm6bg",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/lib.rs
index cc43c95f005cb9aec3ac0e5f8c6965e8d03261ce..187856b6c6122a3aa0e8c6411251ad2b8cc4c2da 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
 pub type Migrations = (
 	pallet_collator_selection::migration::v2::MigrationToV2<Runtime>,
 	cumulus_pallet_xcmp_queue::migration::v4::MigrationToV4<Runtime>,
+	cumulus_pallet_xcmp_queue::migration::v5::MigrateV4ToV5<Runtime>,
 	pallet_broker::migration::MigrateV0ToV1<Runtime>,
 	pallet_broker::migration::MigrateV1ToV2<Runtime>,
 	pallet_broker::migration::MigrateV2ToV3<Runtime>,
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("coretime-westend"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("coretime-westend"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 2,
@@ -249,6 +250,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
index da8aa1c18bdf44e50643fe6b85cd755051e23c0f..1205be95c932964b4ebf05171d0544bae3d2694a 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -41,11 +41,12 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor,
-	FungibleAdapter, IsConcrete, NonFungibleAdapter, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset,
-	RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
-	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit,
-	TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
+	EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, HashedDescription, IsConcrete,
+	NonFungibleAdapter, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount,
+	SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative,
+	SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId,
+	UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
 	XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
 };
 use xcm_executor::XcmExecutor;
@@ -74,6 +75,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>,
 	// Straight up local `AccountId32` origins just alias directly to `AccountId`.
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting the native currency on this chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/tests/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e391d71a9ab782e69a0897dc8a7f980190b8c9e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/tests/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+#![cfg(test)]
+
+use coretime_westend_runtime::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId;
+use parachains_common::AccountId;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
+
+const ALICE: [u8; 32] = [1u8; 32];
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DN5SGsuUG7PAqFL47J9meViwdnk9AdeSWKFkcHC45hEzVz4",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DGRXLYwWGce7wvm14vX1Ms4Vf118FSWQbJkyQigY2pfm6bg",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/glutton/glutton-westend/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/glutton/glutton-westend/src/lib.rs
index 1b213785cf90ef96e382ec07241ecf1aaba61184..bc76f174b50752a6b10cda99b3451f7374bed6fd 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/glutton/glutton-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/glutton/glutton-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("glutton-westend"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("glutton-westend"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 1,
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/lib.rs
index 150152964b90e3aa45011dc8e83ff3c38556566a..aa04d01cf037267868afe0a5c934dd3afdf240e2 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
 /// Migrations to apply on runtime upgrade.
 pub type Migrations = (
 	pallet_collator_selection::migration::v2::MigrationToV2<Runtime>,
+	cumulus_pallet_xcmp_queue::migration::v5::MigrateV4ToV5<Runtime>,
 	// permanent
 	pallet_xcm::migration::MigrateToLatestXcmVersion<Runtime>,
 );
@@ -136,7 +137,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("people-rococo"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("people-rococo"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 1,
@@ -224,6 +225,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
index 96ab3eafa785fe0135916d072666d7102e5027c3..a2e20e2778b621326ff39624aef261a863665d77 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -38,12 +38,13 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeTerminus, EnsureXcmOrigin,
-	FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, HashedDescription, IsConcrete, ParentAsSuperuser,
-	ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative,
-	SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32,
-	SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents,
-	WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic, XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
+	DescribeTerminus, EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter,
+	HashedDescription, IsConcrete, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative,
+	SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
+	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit,
+	TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
+	XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
 };
 use xcm_executor::XcmExecutor;
 
@@ -93,6 +94,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
 	// Here/local root location to `AccountId`.
 	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeTerminus>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting the native currency on this chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/tests/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3627d9c40ec2b5754553a123fd58c84d33b75d06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/tests/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+#![cfg(test)]
+
+use parachains_common::AccountId;
+use people_rococo_runtime::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
+
+const ALICE: [u8; 32] = [1u8; 32];
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DN5SGsuUG7PAqFL47J9meViwdnk9AdeSWKFkcHC45hEzVz4",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DGRXLYwWGce7wvm14vX1Ms4Vf118FSWQbJkyQigY2pfm6bg",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/lib.rs
index 60b861678c5ace9dadbd7ea36a9645485def0b91..c8131c94f15b93f58c4d5cea4bf2e986bf658532 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("people-westend"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("people-westend"),
 	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 1,
@@ -224,6 +224,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
index f35e920d7cb752a4e6e8e427294726f1854e5bb4..bec5b923d8ad9a23f1b176c9c4f909855df17422 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -38,12 +38,13 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain,
 	AllowKnownQueryResponses, AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom,
-	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeTerminus, EnsureXcmOrigin,
-	FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, HashedDescription, IsConcrete, ParentAsSuperuser,
-	ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative,
-	SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32,
-	SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents,
-	WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic, XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
+	DenyReserveTransferToRelayChain, DenyThenTry, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily,
+	DescribeTerminus, EnsureXcmOrigin, FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter,
+	HashedDescription, IsConcrete, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative,
+	SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
+	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SovereignSignedViaLocation, TakeWeightCredit,
+	TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WeightInfoBounds, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
+	XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
 };
 use xcm_executor::XcmExecutor;
 
@@ -93,6 +94,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
 	// Here/local root location to `AccountId`.
 	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeTerminus>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting the native currency on this chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/tests/tests.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/tests/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fa9331952b4b53a6012ad72d0d9b1bba2f4afec7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/tests/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+#![cfg(test)]
+
+use parachains_common::AccountId;
+use people_westend_runtime::xcm_config::LocationToAccountId;
+use sp_core::crypto::Ss58Codec;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
+
+const ALICE: [u8; 32] = [1u8; 32];
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, Here),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Dt6dpkWPwLaH4BBCKJwjiWrFVAGyYk3tLUabvyn4v7KtESG",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Eg2fnssmmJnF3z1iZ1NouAuzciDaaDQH7qURAy3w15jULDk",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CnwemvaAXkWFVwibiCvf2EjqwiqBi29S5cLLydZLEaEw6jZ",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GFBgPjpEQPdaxEnFirUoa51u5erVx84twYxJVuBRAT2UP2g",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DN5SGsuUG7PAqFL47J9meViwdnk9AdeSWKFkcHC45hEzVz4",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[
+					Parachain(1111),
+					Junction::AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(ALICE).into() },
+				],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DGRXLYwWGce7wvm14vX1Ms4Vf118FSWQbJkyQigY2pfm6bg",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5F5Ec11567pa919wJkX6VHtv2ZXS5W698YCW35EdEbrg14cg",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CB2FbUds2qvcJNhDiTbRZwiS3trAy6ydFGMSVutmYijpPAg",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5CUjnE2vgcUCuhxPwFoQ5r7p1DkhujgvMNDHaF2bLqRp4D5F",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5G6TDwaVgbWmhqRUKjBhRRnH4ry9L9cjRymUEmiRsLbSE4gB",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Parent",
+			location: Location::new(1, [Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EBRMTBkDisEXsaN283SRbzx9Xf2PXwUxxFCJohSGo4jYe6B",
+		},
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Sibling",
+			location: Location::new(
+				1,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DBoExvojy8tYnHgLL97phNH975CyT45PWTZEeGoBZfAyRMH",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationToAccountId>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/Cargo.toml
deleted file mode 100644
index c76c09a31234e6077f97e38c7e38fe4fbddeae86..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/Cargo.toml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "seedling-runtime"
-version = "0.7.0"
-description = "Seedling parachain runtime. A starter runtime for solochain to parachain migration."
-authors.workspace = true
-edition.workspace = true
-license = "Apache-2.0"
-
-[lints]
-workspace = true
-
-[dependencies]
-codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
-scale-info = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
-
-# Substrate
-frame-executive = { workspace = true }
-frame-support = { workspace = true }
-frame-system = { workspace = true }
-pallet-aura = { workspace = true }
-pallet-balances = { workspace = true }
-pallet-sudo = { workspace = true }
-pallet-timestamp = { workspace = true }
-sp-api = { workspace = true }
-sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
-sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true }
-sp-core = { workspace = true }
-sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true }
-sp-inherents = { workspace = true }
-sp-offchain = { workspace = true }
-sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
-sp-session = { workspace = true }
-sp-transaction-pool = { workspace = true }
-sp-version = { workspace = true }
-
-# Cumulus
-cumulus-pallet-aura-ext = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-pallet-parachain-system = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-pallet-solo-to-para = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-primitives-core = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-primitives-timestamp = { workspace = true }
-parachain-info = { workspace = true }
-parachains-common = { workspace = true }
-
-[build-dependencies]
-substrate-wasm-builder = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
-
-[features]
-default = ["std"]
-std = [
-	"codec/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-aura-ext/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-parachain-system/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-solo-to-para/std",
-	"cumulus-primitives-core/std",
-	"cumulus-primitives-timestamp/std",
-	"frame-executive/std",
-	"frame-support/std",
-	"frame-system/std",
-	"pallet-aura/std",
-	"pallet-balances/std",
-	"pallet-sudo/std",
-	"pallet-timestamp/std",
-	"parachain-info/std",
-	"parachains-common/std",
-	"scale-info/std",
-	"sp-api/std",
-	"sp-block-builder/std",
-	"sp-consensus-aura/std",
-	"sp-core/std",
-	"sp-genesis-builder/std",
-	"sp-inherents/std",
-	"sp-offchain/std",
-	"sp-runtime/std",
-	"sp-session/std",
-	"sp-transaction-pool/std",
-	"sp-version/std",
-	"substrate-wasm-builder",
-]
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/src/lib.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index bffedd5bdf57642edb4bcc91befffe8dfdce7c3a..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/src/lib.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,400 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Cumulus.
-
-// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! # Seedling Runtime
-//!
-//! Seedling is a parachain meant to help parachain auction winners migrate a blockchain from
-//! another consensus system into the consensus system of a given Relay Chain.
-
-#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
-// `construct_runtime!` does a lot of recursion and requires us to increase the limit to 256.
-#![recursion_limit = "256"]
-
-// Make the WASM binary available.
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
-include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/wasm_binary.rs"));
-
-extern crate alloc;
-
-use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
-use cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::RelayNumberMonotonicallyIncreases;
-use cumulus_primitives_core::{ClaimQueueOffset, CoreSelector};
-use sp_api::impl_runtime_apis;
-pub use sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::AuthorityId as AuraId;
-use sp_core::{crypto::KeyTypeId, OpaqueMetadata};
-use sp_runtime::{
-	create_runtime_str, generic, impl_opaque_keys,
-	traits::{AccountIdLookup, BlakeTwo256, Block as BlockT},
-	transaction_validity::{TransactionSource, TransactionValidity},
-	ApplyExtrinsicResult,
-};
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
-use sp_version::NativeVersion;
-use sp_version::RuntimeVersion;
-
-// A few exports that help ease life for downstream crates.
-pub use frame_support::{
-	construct_runtime, derive_impl,
-	dispatch::DispatchClass,
-	genesis_builder_helper::{build_state, get_preset},
-	parameter_types,
-	traits::{ConstBool, ConstU32, ConstU64, ConstU8, EitherOfDiverse, IsInVec, Randomness},
-	weights::{
-		constants::{
-			BlockExecutionWeight, ExtrinsicBaseWeight, RocksDbWeight, WEIGHT_REF_TIME_PER_SECOND,
-		},
-		IdentityFee, Weight,
-	},
-	StorageValue,
-};
-use frame_system::limits::{BlockLength, BlockWeights};
-use parachains_common::{AccountId, Signature};
-#[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
-pub use sp_runtime::BuildStorage;
-pub use sp_runtime::{Perbill, Permill};
-
-impl_opaque_keys! {
-	pub struct SessionKeys {
-		pub aura: Aura,
-	}
-}
-
-/// This runtime version.
-#[sp_version::runtime_version]
-pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
-	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("seedling"),
-	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("seedling"),
-	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 1,
-	impl_version: 0,
-	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
-	transaction_version: 2,
-	system_version: 1,
-};
-
-/// The version information used to identify this runtime when compiled natively.
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
-pub fn native_version() -> NativeVersion {
-	NativeVersion { runtime_version: VERSION, can_author_with: Default::default() }
-}
-
-/// Maximum number of blocks simultaneously accepted by the Runtime, not yet included
-/// into the relay chain.
-const UNINCLUDED_SEGMENT_CAPACITY: u32 = 1;
-/// How many parachain blocks are processed by the relay chain per parent. Limits the
-/// number of blocks authored per slot.
-const BLOCK_PROCESSING_VELOCITY: u32 = 1;
-/// Relay chain slot duration, in milliseconds.
-const RELAY_CHAIN_SLOT_DURATION_MILLIS: u32 = 6000;
-
-/// We assume that ~10% of the block weight is consumed by `on_initialize` handlers.
-/// This is used to limit the maximal weight of a single extrinsic.
-const AVERAGE_ON_INITIALIZE_RATIO: Perbill = Perbill::from_percent(10);
-/// We allow `Normal` extrinsics to fill up the block up to 75%, the rest can be used
-/// by  Operational  extrinsics.
-const NORMAL_DISPATCH_RATIO: Perbill = Perbill::from_percent(75);
-/// We allow for .5 seconds of compute with a 12 second average block time.
-const MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT: Weight = Weight::from_parts(
-	WEIGHT_REF_TIME_PER_SECOND.saturating_div(2),
-	cumulus_primitives_core::relay_chain::MAX_POV_SIZE as u64,
-);
-
-parameter_types! {
-	pub const BlockHashCount: BlockNumber = 250;
-	pub const Version: RuntimeVersion = VERSION;
-	pub RuntimeBlockLength: BlockLength =
-		BlockLength::max_with_normal_ratio(5 * 1024 * 1024, NORMAL_DISPATCH_RATIO);
-	pub RuntimeBlockWeights: BlockWeights = BlockWeights::builder()
-		.base_block(BlockExecutionWeight::get())
-		.for_class(DispatchClass::all(), |weights| {
-			weights.base_extrinsic = ExtrinsicBaseWeight::get();
-		})
-		.for_class(DispatchClass::Normal, |weights| {
-			weights.max_total = Some(NORMAL_DISPATCH_RATIO * MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT);
-		})
-		.for_class(DispatchClass::Operational, |weights| {
-			weights.max_total = Some(MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT);
-			// Operational transactions have some extra reserved space, so that they
-			// are included even if block reached `MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT`.
-			weights.reserved = Some(
-				MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT - NORMAL_DISPATCH_RATIO * MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT
-			);
-		})
-		.avg_block_initialization(AVERAGE_ON_INITIALIZE_RATIO)
-		.build_or_panic();
-	pub const SS58Prefix: u8 = 42;
-}
-
-#[derive_impl(frame_system::config_preludes::TestDefaultConfig)]
-impl frame_system::Config for Runtime {
-	/// The identifier used to distinguish between accounts.
-	type AccountId = AccountId;
-	/// The aggregated dispatch type that is available for extrinsics.
-	type RuntimeCall = RuntimeCall;
-	/// The lookup mechanism to get account ID from whatever is passed in dispatchers.
-	type Lookup = AccountIdLookup<AccountId, ()>;
-	/// The index type for storing how many extrinsics an account has signed.
-	type Nonce = Nonce;
-	/// The type for hashing blocks and tries.
-	type Hash = Hash;
-	/// The hashing algorithm used.
-	type Hashing = BlakeTwo256;
-	/// The block type.
-	type Block = Block;
-	/// The ubiquitous event type.
-	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
-	/// The ubiquitous origin type.
-	type RuntimeOrigin = RuntimeOrigin;
-	/// Maximum number of block number to block hash mappings to keep (oldest pruned first).
-	type BlockHashCount = BlockHashCount;
-	/// Runtime version.
-	type Version = Version;
-	/// Converts a module to an index of this module in the runtime.
-	type PalletInfo = PalletInfo;
-	type AccountData = pallet_balances::AccountData<u128>;
-	type OnNewAccount = ();
-	type OnKilledAccount = ();
-	type DbWeight = ();
-	type BaseCallFilter = frame_support::traits::Everything;
-	type SystemWeightInfo = ();
-	type BlockWeights = RuntimeBlockWeights;
-	type BlockLength = RuntimeBlockLength;
-	type SS58Prefix = SS58Prefix;
-	type OnSetCode = cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::ParachainSetCode<Self>;
-	type MaxConsumers = frame_support::traits::ConstU32<16>;
-}
-
-impl pallet_sudo::Config for Runtime {
-	type RuntimeCall = RuntimeCall;
-	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
-	type WeightInfo = pallet_sudo::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;
-}
-
-impl cumulus_pallet_solo_to_para::Config for Runtime {
-	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
-}
-
-impl cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::Config for Runtime {
-	type WeightInfo = ();
-	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
-	type OnSystemEvent = cumulus_pallet_solo_to_para::Pallet<Runtime>;
-	type SelfParaId = parachain_info::Pallet<Runtime>;
-	type OutboundXcmpMessageSource = ();
-	// Ignore all DMP messages by enqueueing them into `()`:
-	type DmpQueue = frame_support::traits::EnqueueWithOrigin<(), sp_core::ConstU8<0>>;
-	type ReservedDmpWeight = ();
-	type XcmpMessageHandler = ();
-	type ReservedXcmpWeight = ();
-	type CheckAssociatedRelayNumber = RelayNumberMonotonicallyIncreases;
-	type ConsensusHook = cumulus_pallet_aura_ext::FixedVelocityConsensusHook<
-		Runtime,
-		RELAY_CHAIN_SLOT_DURATION_MILLIS,
-		BLOCK_PROCESSING_VELOCITY,
-		UNINCLUDED_SEGMENT_CAPACITY,
-	>;
-	type SelectCore = cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::DefaultCoreSelector<Runtime>;
-}
-
-impl parachain_info::Config for Runtime {}
-
-impl cumulus_pallet_aura_ext::Config for Runtime {}
-
-impl pallet_aura::Config for Runtime {
-	type AuthorityId = AuraId;
-	type DisabledValidators = ();
-	type MaxAuthorities = ConstU32<100_000>;
-	type AllowMultipleBlocksPerSlot = ConstBool<false>;
-	type SlotDuration = pallet_aura::MinimumPeriodTimesTwo<Self>;
-}
-
-impl pallet_timestamp::Config for Runtime {
-	type Moment = u64;
-	type OnTimestampSet = Aura;
-	type MinimumPeriod = ConstU64<0>;
-	type WeightInfo = ();
-}
-
-construct_runtime! {
-	pub enum Runtime
-	{
-		System: frame_system,
-		Sudo: pallet_sudo,
-		Timestamp: pallet_timestamp,
-
-		ParachainSystem: cumulus_pallet_parachain_system,
-		ParachainInfo: parachain_info,
-		SoloToPara: cumulus_pallet_solo_to_para,
-		Aura: pallet_aura,
-		AuraExt: cumulus_pallet_aura_ext,
-	}
-}
-
-/// Index of a transaction in the chain.
-pub type Nonce = u32;
-/// A hash of some data used by the chain.
-pub type Hash = sp_core::H256;
-/// An index to a block.
-pub type BlockNumber = u32;
-/// The address format for describing accounts.
-pub type Address = sp_runtime::MultiAddress<AccountId, ()>;
-/// Block header type as expected by this runtime.
-pub type Header = generic::Header<BlockNumber, BlakeTwo256>;
-/// Block type as expected by this runtime.
-pub type Block = generic::Block<Header, UncheckedExtrinsic>;
-/// A Block signed with a Justification
-pub type SignedBlock = generic::SignedBlock<Block>;
-/// BlockId type as expected by this runtime.
-pub type BlockId = generic::BlockId<Block>;
-/// The SignedExtension to the basic transaction logic.
-pub type SignedExtra = (
-	frame_system::CheckSpecVersion<Runtime>,
-	frame_system::CheckTxVersion<Runtime>,
-	frame_system::CheckGenesis<Runtime>,
-	frame_system::CheckEra<Runtime>,
-	frame_system::CheckNonce<Runtime>,
-	pallet_sudo::CheckOnlySudoAccount<Runtime>,
-);
-/// Unchecked extrinsic type as expected by this runtime.
-pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
-	generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<Address, RuntimeCall, Signature, SignedExtra>;
-
-/// Executive: handles dispatch to the various modules.
-pub type Executive = frame_executive::Executive<
-	Runtime,
-	Block,
-	frame_system::ChainContext<Runtime>,
-	Runtime,
-	AllPalletsWithSystem,
->;
-
-impl_runtime_apis! {
-	impl sp_consensus_aura::AuraApi<Block, AuraId> for Runtime {
-		fn slot_duration() -> sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration {
-			sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration::from_millis(Aura::slot_duration())
-		}
-
-		fn authorities() -> Vec<AuraId> {
-			pallet_aura::Authorities::<Runtime>::get().into_inner()
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_api::Core<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn version() -> RuntimeVersion {
-			VERSION
-		}
-
-		fn execute_block(block: Block) {
-			Executive::execute_block(block)
-		}
-
-		fn initialize_block(header: &<Block as BlockT>::Header) -> sp_runtime::ExtrinsicInclusionMode {
-			Executive::initialize_block(header)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_api::Metadata<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn metadata() -> OpaqueMetadata {
-			OpaqueMetadata::new(Runtime::metadata().into())
-		}
-
-		fn metadata_at_version(version: u32) -> Option<OpaqueMetadata> {
-			Runtime::metadata_at_version(version)
-		}
-
-		fn metadata_versions() -> alloc::vec::Vec<u32> {
-			Runtime::metadata_versions()
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_block_builder::BlockBuilder<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn apply_extrinsic(
-			extrinsic: <Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic,
-		) -> ApplyExtrinsicResult {
-			Executive::apply_extrinsic(extrinsic)
-		}
-
-		fn finalize_block() -> <Block as BlockT>::Header {
-			Executive::finalize_block()
-		}
-
-		fn inherent_extrinsics(data: sp_inherents::InherentData) -> Vec<<Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic> {
-			data.create_extrinsics()
-		}
-
-		fn check_inherents(block: Block, data: sp_inherents::InherentData) -> sp_inherents::CheckInherentsResult {
-			data.check_extrinsics(&block)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn validate_transaction(
-			source: TransactionSource,
-			tx: <Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic,
-			block_hash: <Block as BlockT>::Hash,
-		) -> TransactionValidity {
-			Executive::validate_transaction(source, tx, block_hash)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_offchain::OffchainWorkerApi<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn offchain_worker(header: &<Block as BlockT>::Header) {
-			Executive::offchain_worker(header)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_session::SessionKeys<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn generate_session_keys(seed: Option<Vec<u8>>) -> Vec<u8> {
-			SessionKeys::generate(seed)
-		}
-
-		fn decode_session_keys(
-			encoded: Vec<u8>,
-		) -> Option<Vec<(Vec<u8>, KeyTypeId)>> {
-			SessionKeys::decode_into_raw_public_keys(&encoded)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl cumulus_primitives_core::CollectCollationInfo<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn collect_collation_info(header: &<Block as BlockT>::Header) -> cumulus_primitives_core::CollationInfo {
-			ParachainSystem::collect_collation_info(header)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl cumulus_primitives_core::GetCoreSelectorApi<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn core_selector() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset) {
-			ParachainSystem::core_selector()
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_genesis_builder::GenesisBuilder<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn build_state(config: Vec<u8>) -> sp_genesis_builder::Result {
-			build_state::<RuntimeGenesisConfig>(config)
-		}
-
-		fn get_preset(id: &Option<sp_genesis_builder::PresetId>) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
-			get_preset::<RuntimeGenesisConfig>(id, |_| None)
-		}
-
-		fn preset_names() -> Vec<sp_genesis_builder::PresetId> {
-			vec![]
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::register_validate_block! {
-	Runtime = Runtime,
-	BlockExecutor = cumulus_pallet_aura_ext::BlockExecutor::<Runtime, Executive>,
-}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/Cargo.toml
deleted file mode 100644
index 8f3b2204cfe34b8bb73c6a9062c9a91df262a8e4..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/Cargo.toml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "shell-runtime"
-version = "0.7.0"
-description = "A minimal runtime to test Relay Chain consensus."
-authors.workspace = true
-edition.workspace = true
-license = "Apache-2.0"
-
-[lints]
-workspace = true
-
-[dependencies]
-codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
-scale-info = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
-
-# Substrate
-frame-executive = { workspace = true }
-frame-support = { workspace = true }
-frame-system = { workspace = true }
-frame-try-runtime = { optional = true, workspace = true }
-pallet-aura = { workspace = true }
-pallet-timestamp = { workspace = true }
-sp-api = { workspace = true }
-sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
-sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true }
-sp-core = { workspace = true }
-sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true }
-sp-inherents = { workspace = true }
-sp-offchain = { workspace = true }
-sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
-sp-session = { workspace = true }
-sp-transaction-pool = { workspace = true }
-sp-version = { workspace = true }
-pallet-message-queue = { workspace = true }
-
-# Polkadot
-xcm = { workspace = true }
-xcm-builder = { workspace = true }
-xcm-executor = { workspace = true }
-
-# Cumulus
-cumulus-pallet-aura-ext = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-pallet-parachain-system = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-pallet-xcm = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-primitives-core = { workspace = true }
-parachain-info = { workspace = true }
-parachains-common = { workspace = true }
-
-[build-dependencies]
-substrate-wasm-builder = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
-
-[features]
-default = ["std"]
-std = [
-	"codec/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-aura-ext/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-parachain-system/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-xcm/std",
-	"cumulus-primitives-core/std",
-	"frame-executive/std",
-	"frame-support/std",
-	"frame-system/std",
-	"frame-try-runtime?/std",
-	"pallet-aura/std",
-	"pallet-message-queue/std",
-	"pallet-timestamp/std",
-	"parachain-info/std",
-	"parachains-common/std",
-	"scale-info/std",
-	"sp-api/std",
-	"sp-block-builder/std",
-	"sp-consensus-aura/std",
-	"sp-core/std",
-	"sp-genesis-builder/std",
-	"sp-inherents/std",
-	"sp-offchain/std",
-	"sp-runtime/std",
-	"sp-session/std",
-	"sp-transaction-pool/std",
-	"sp-version/std",
-	"substrate-wasm-builder",
-	"xcm-builder/std",
-	"xcm-executor/std",
-	"xcm/std",
-]
-try-runtime = [
-	"cumulus-pallet-aura-ext/try-runtime",
-	"cumulus-pallet-parachain-system/try-runtime",
-	"cumulus-pallet-xcm/try-runtime",
-	"frame-executive/try-runtime",
-	"frame-support/try-runtime",
-	"frame-system/try-runtime",
-	"frame-try-runtime/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-aura/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-message-queue/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-timestamp/try-runtime",
-	"parachain-info/try-runtime",
-	"sp-runtime/try-runtime",
-]
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/src/lib.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index a7c8bc23935893b8d3392ffcfc70a0e28b00a0be..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/src/lib.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,457 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Cumulus.
-
-// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! # Shell Runtime
-//!
-//! The Shell runtime defines a minimal parachain. It can listen for a downward message authorizing
-//! an upgrade into another parachain.
-//!
-//! Generally (so far) only used as the first parachain on a Relay.
-
-#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
-// `construct_runtime!` does a lot of recursion and requires us to increase the limit to 256.
-#![recursion_limit = "256"]
-
-// Make the WASM binary available.
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
-include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/wasm_binary.rs"));
-
-pub mod xcm_config;
-
-extern crate alloc;
-
-use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
-use codec::{Decode, Encode};
-use cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::RelayNumberMonotonicallyIncreases;
-use cumulus_primitives_core::{AggregateMessageOrigin, ClaimQueueOffset, CoreSelector};
-use frame_support::unsigned::TransactionValidityError;
-use scale_info::TypeInfo;
-use sp_api::impl_runtime_apis;
-pub use sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::AuthorityId as AuraId;
-use sp_core::{crypto::KeyTypeId, OpaqueMetadata};
-use sp_runtime::{
-	create_runtime_str, generic, impl_opaque_keys,
-	traits::{AccountIdLookup, BlakeTwo256, Block as BlockT, DispatchInfoOf},
-	transaction_validity::{TransactionSource, TransactionValidity},
-	ApplyExtrinsicResult,
-};
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
-use sp_version::NativeVersion;
-use sp_version::RuntimeVersion;
-
-// A few exports that help ease life for downstream crates.
-pub use frame_support::{
-	construct_runtime, derive_impl,
-	dispatch::DispatchClass,
-	genesis_builder_helper::{build_state, get_preset},
-	parameter_types,
-	traits::{ConstBool, ConstU32, ConstU64, ConstU8, EitherOfDiverse, IsInVec, Randomness},
-	weights::{
-		constants::{
-			BlockExecutionWeight, ExtrinsicBaseWeight, RocksDbWeight, WEIGHT_REF_TIME_PER_SECOND,
-		},
-		IdentityFee, Weight,
-	},
-	StorageValue,
-};
-use frame_system::limits::{BlockLength, BlockWeights};
-use parachains_common::{AccountId, Signature};
-#[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
-pub use sp_runtime::BuildStorage;
-pub use sp_runtime::{Perbill, Permill};
-
-impl_opaque_keys! {
-	pub struct SessionKeys {
-		pub aura: Aura,
-	}
-}
-
-/// This runtime version.
-#[sp_version::runtime_version]
-pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
-	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("shell"),
-	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("shell"),
-	authoring_version: 1,
-	spec_version: 2,
-	impl_version: 0,
-	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
-	transaction_version: 1,
-	system_version: 1,
-};
-
-/// The version information used to identify this runtime when compiled natively.
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
-pub fn native_version() -> NativeVersion {
-	NativeVersion { runtime_version: VERSION, can_author_with: Default::default() }
-}
-
-/// Maximum number of blocks simultaneously accepted by the Runtime, not yet included
-/// into the relay chain.
-const UNINCLUDED_SEGMENT_CAPACITY: u32 = 1;
-/// How many parachain blocks are processed by the relay chain per parent. Limits the
-/// number of blocks authored per slot.
-const BLOCK_PROCESSING_VELOCITY: u32 = 1;
-/// Relay chain slot duration, in milliseconds.
-const RELAY_CHAIN_SLOT_DURATION_MILLIS: u32 = 6000;
-
-/// We assume that ~10% of the block weight is consumed by `on_initialize` handlers.
-/// This is used to limit the maximal weight of a single extrinsic.
-const AVERAGE_ON_INITIALIZE_RATIO: Perbill = Perbill::from_percent(10);
-/// We allow `Normal` extrinsics to fill up the block up to 75%, the rest can be used
-/// by  Operational  extrinsics.
-const NORMAL_DISPATCH_RATIO: Perbill = Perbill::from_percent(75);
-/// We allow for .5 seconds of compute with a 12 second average block time.
-const MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT: Weight = Weight::from_parts(
-	WEIGHT_REF_TIME_PER_SECOND.saturating_div(2),
-	cumulus_primitives_core::relay_chain::MAX_POV_SIZE as u64,
-);
-
-parameter_types! {
-	pub const BlockHashCount: BlockNumber = 250;
-	pub const Version: RuntimeVersion = VERSION;
-	pub RuntimeBlockLength: BlockLength =
-		BlockLength::max_with_normal_ratio(5 * 1024 * 1024, NORMAL_DISPATCH_RATIO);
-	pub RuntimeBlockWeights: BlockWeights = BlockWeights::builder()
-		.base_block(BlockExecutionWeight::get())
-		.for_class(DispatchClass::all(), |weights| {
-			weights.base_extrinsic = ExtrinsicBaseWeight::get();
-		})
-		.for_class(DispatchClass::Normal, |weights| {
-			weights.max_total = Some(NORMAL_DISPATCH_RATIO * MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT);
-		})
-		.for_class(DispatchClass::Operational, |weights| {
-			weights.max_total = Some(MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT);
-			// Operational transactions have some extra reserved space, so that they
-			// are included even if block reached `MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT`.
-			weights.reserved = Some(
-				MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT - NORMAL_DISPATCH_RATIO * MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT
-			);
-		})
-		.avg_block_initialization(AVERAGE_ON_INITIALIZE_RATIO)
-		.build_or_panic();
-	pub const SS58Prefix: u8 = 42;
-}
-
-#[derive_impl(frame_system::config_preludes::TestDefaultConfig)]
-impl frame_system::Config for Runtime {
-	/// The identifier used to distinguish between accounts.
-	type AccountId = AccountId;
-	/// The aggregated dispatch type that is available for extrinsics.
-	type RuntimeCall = RuntimeCall;
-	/// The lookup mechanism to get account ID from whatever is passed in dispatchers.
-	type Lookup = AccountIdLookup<AccountId, ()>;
-	/// The index type for storing how many extrinsics an account has signed.
-	type Nonce = Nonce;
-	/// The type for hashing blocks and tries.
-	type Hash = Hash;
-	/// The hashing algorithm used.
-	type Hashing = BlakeTwo256;
-	/// The block type.
-	type Block = Block;
-	/// The ubiquitous event type.
-	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
-	/// The ubiquitous origin type.
-	type RuntimeOrigin = RuntimeOrigin;
-	/// Maximum number of block number to block hash mappings to keep (oldest pruned first).
-	type BlockHashCount = BlockHashCount;
-	/// Runtime version.
-	type Version = Version;
-	/// Converts a module to an index of this module in the runtime.
-	type PalletInfo = PalletInfo;
-	type AccountData = ();
-	type OnNewAccount = ();
-	type OnKilledAccount = ();
-	type DbWeight = ();
-	type BaseCallFilter = frame_support::traits::Everything;
-	type SystemWeightInfo = ();
-	type BlockWeights = RuntimeBlockWeights;
-	type BlockLength = RuntimeBlockLength;
-	type SS58Prefix = SS58Prefix;
-	type OnSetCode = cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::ParachainSetCode<Self>;
-	type MaxConsumers = frame_support::traits::ConstU32<16>;
-}
-
-parameter_types! {
-	pub const RelayOrigin: AggregateMessageOrigin = AggregateMessageOrigin::Parent;
-	pub const ReservedDmpWeight: Weight = MAXIMUM_BLOCK_WEIGHT.saturating_div(4);
-}
-
-impl cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::Config for Runtime {
-	type WeightInfo = ();
-	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
-	type OnSystemEvent = ();
-	type SelfParaId = parachain_info::Pallet<Runtime>;
-	type OutboundXcmpMessageSource = ();
-	type DmpQueue = frame_support::traits::EnqueueWithOrigin<MessageQueue, RelayOrigin>;
-	type ReservedDmpWeight = ReservedDmpWeight;
-	type XcmpMessageHandler = ();
-	type ReservedXcmpWeight = ();
-	type CheckAssociatedRelayNumber = RelayNumberMonotonicallyIncreases;
-	type ConsensusHook = cumulus_pallet_aura_ext::FixedVelocityConsensusHook<
-		Runtime,
-		RELAY_CHAIN_SLOT_DURATION_MILLIS,
-		BLOCK_PROCESSING_VELOCITY,
-		UNINCLUDED_SEGMENT_CAPACITY,
-	>;
-	type SelectCore = cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::DefaultCoreSelector<Runtime>;
-}
-
-impl parachain_info::Config for Runtime {}
-
-parameter_types! {
-	pub MessageQueueServiceWeight: Weight = Perbill::from_percent(35) * RuntimeBlockWeights::get().max_block;
-}
-
-impl pallet_message_queue::Config for Runtime {
-	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
-	type WeightInfo = ();
-	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
-	type MessageProcessor = pallet_message_queue::mock_helpers::NoopMessageProcessor<
-		cumulus_primitives_core::AggregateMessageOrigin,
-	>;
-	#[cfg(not(feature = "runtime-benchmarks"))]
-	type MessageProcessor = xcm_builder::ProcessXcmMessage<
-		AggregateMessageOrigin,
-		xcm_executor::XcmExecutor<xcm_config::XcmConfig>,
-		RuntimeCall,
-	>;
-	type Size = u32;
-	// These need to be configured to the XCMP pallet - if it is deployed.
-	type QueueChangeHandler = ();
-	type QueuePausedQuery = ();
-	type HeapSize = sp_core::ConstU32<{ 103 * 1024 }>;
-	type MaxStale = sp_core::ConstU32<8>;
-	type ServiceWeight = MessageQueueServiceWeight;
-	type IdleMaxServiceWeight = MessageQueueServiceWeight;
-}
-
-impl cumulus_pallet_aura_ext::Config for Runtime {}
-
-impl pallet_aura::Config for Runtime {
-	type AuthorityId = AuraId;
-	type DisabledValidators = ();
-	type MaxAuthorities = ConstU32<100_000>;
-	type AllowMultipleBlocksPerSlot = ConstBool<false>;
-	type SlotDuration = pallet_aura::MinimumPeriodTimesTwo<Self>;
-}
-
-impl pallet_timestamp::Config for Runtime {
-	type Moment = u64;
-	type OnTimestampSet = Aura;
-	type MinimumPeriod = ConstU64<0>;
-	type WeightInfo = ();
-}
-
-construct_runtime! {
-	pub enum Runtime
-	{
-		System: frame_system,
-		Timestamp: pallet_timestamp,
-
-		ParachainSystem: cumulus_pallet_parachain_system,
-		ParachainInfo: parachain_info,
-
-		CumulusXcm: cumulus_pallet_xcm,
-		MessageQueue: pallet_message_queue,
-
-		Aura: pallet_aura,
-		AuraExt: cumulus_pallet_aura_ext,
-	}
-}
-
-/// Simple implementation which fails any transaction which is signed.
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Clone, Default, sp_core::RuntimeDebug, Encode, Decode, TypeInfo)]
-pub struct DisallowSigned;
-impl sp_runtime::traits::SignedExtension for DisallowSigned {
-	const IDENTIFIER: &'static str = "DisallowSigned";
-	type AccountId = AccountId;
-	type Call = RuntimeCall;
-	type AdditionalSigned = ();
-	type Pre = ();
-	fn additional_signed(
-		&self,
-	) -> core::result::Result<(), sp_runtime::transaction_validity::TransactionValidityError> {
-		Ok(())
-	}
-	fn pre_dispatch(
-		self,
-		who: &Self::AccountId,
-		call: &Self::Call,
-		info: &DispatchInfoOf<Self::Call>,
-		len: usize,
-	) -> Result<Self::Pre, TransactionValidityError> {
-		self.validate(who, call, info, len).map(|_| ())
-	}
-	fn validate(
-		&self,
-		_who: &Self::AccountId,
-		_call: &Self::Call,
-		_info: &sp_runtime::traits::DispatchInfoOf<Self::Call>,
-		_len: usize,
-	) -> TransactionValidity {
-		let i = sp_runtime::transaction_validity::InvalidTransaction::BadProof;
-		Err(sp_runtime::transaction_validity::TransactionValidityError::Invalid(i))
-	}
-}
-
-/// Index of a transaction in the chain.
-pub type Nonce = u32;
-/// A hash of some data used by the chain.
-pub type Hash = sp_core::H256;
-/// An index to a block.
-pub type BlockNumber = u32;
-/// The address format for describing accounts.
-pub type Address = sp_runtime::MultiAddress<AccountId, ()>;
-/// Block header type as expected by this runtime.
-pub type Header = generic::Header<BlockNumber, BlakeTwo256>;
-/// Block type as expected by this runtime.
-pub type Block = generic::Block<Header, UncheckedExtrinsic>;
-/// A Block signed with a Justification
-pub type SignedBlock = generic::SignedBlock<Block>;
-/// BlockId type as expected by this runtime.
-pub type BlockId = generic::BlockId<Block>;
-/// The SignedExtension to the basic transaction logic.
-pub type SignedExtra = DisallowSigned;
-/// Unchecked extrinsic type as expected by this runtime.
-pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
-	generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<Address, RuntimeCall, Signature, SignedExtra>;
-/// Executive: handles dispatch to the various modules.
-pub type Executive = frame_executive::Executive<
-	Runtime,
-	Block,
-	frame_system::ChainContext<Runtime>,
-	Runtime,
-	AllPalletsWithSystem,
->;
-
-impl_runtime_apis! {
-	impl sp_consensus_aura::AuraApi<Block, AuraId> for Runtime {
-		fn slot_duration() -> sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration {
-			sp_consensus_aura::SlotDuration::from_millis(Aura::slot_duration())
-		}
-
-		fn authorities() -> Vec<AuraId> {
-			pallet_aura::Authorities::<Runtime>::get().into_inner()
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_api::Core<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn version() -> RuntimeVersion {
-			VERSION
-		}
-
-		fn execute_block(block: Block) {
-			Executive::execute_block(block)
-		}
-
-		fn initialize_block(header: &<Block as BlockT>::Header) -> sp_runtime::ExtrinsicInclusionMode {
-			Executive::initialize_block(header)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_api::Metadata<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn metadata() -> OpaqueMetadata {
-			OpaqueMetadata::new(Runtime::metadata().into())
-		}
-
-		fn metadata_at_version(version: u32) -> Option<OpaqueMetadata> {
-			Runtime::metadata_at_version(version)
-		}
-
-		fn metadata_versions() -> alloc::vec::Vec<u32> {
-			Runtime::metadata_versions()
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_block_builder::BlockBuilder<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn apply_extrinsic(
-			extrinsic: <Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic,
-		) -> ApplyExtrinsicResult {
-			Executive::apply_extrinsic(extrinsic)
-		}
-
-		fn finalize_block() -> <Block as BlockT>::Header {
-			Executive::finalize_block()
-		}
-
-		fn inherent_extrinsics(data: sp_inherents::InherentData) -> Vec<<Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic> {
-			data.create_extrinsics()
-		}
-
-		fn check_inherents(block: Block, data: sp_inherents::InherentData) -> sp_inherents::CheckInherentsResult {
-			data.check_extrinsics(&block)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn validate_transaction(
-			source: TransactionSource,
-			tx: <Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic,
-			block_hash: <Block as BlockT>::Hash,
-		) -> TransactionValidity {
-			Executive::validate_transaction(source, tx, block_hash)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_offchain::OffchainWorkerApi<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn offchain_worker(header: &<Block as BlockT>::Header) {
-			Executive::offchain_worker(header)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_session::SessionKeys<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn generate_session_keys(seed: Option<Vec<u8>>) -> Vec<u8> {
-			SessionKeys::generate(seed)
-		}
-
-		fn decode_session_keys(
-			encoded: Vec<u8>,
-		) -> Option<Vec<(Vec<u8>, KeyTypeId)>> {
-			SessionKeys::decode_into_raw_public_keys(&encoded)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl cumulus_primitives_core::CollectCollationInfo<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn collect_collation_info(header: &<Block as BlockT>::Header) -> cumulus_primitives_core::CollationInfo {
-			ParachainSystem::collect_collation_info(header)
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl cumulus_primitives_core::GetCoreSelectorApi<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn core_selector() -> (CoreSelector, ClaimQueueOffset) {
-			ParachainSystem::core_selector()
-		}
-	}
-
-	impl sp_genesis_builder::GenesisBuilder<Block> for Runtime {
-		fn build_state(config: Vec<u8>) -> sp_genesis_builder::Result {
-			build_state::<RuntimeGenesisConfig>(config)
-		}
-
-		fn get_preset(id: &Option<sp_genesis_builder::PresetId>) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
-			get_preset::<RuntimeGenesisConfig>(id, |_| None)
-		}
-
-		fn preset_names() -> Vec<sp_genesis_builder::PresetId> {
-			vec![]
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::register_validate_block! {
-	Runtime = Runtime,
-	BlockExecutor = cumulus_pallet_aura_ext::BlockExecutor::<Runtime, Executive>,
-}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/src/xcm_config.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 741b3bcd752f5511b09add16865a5f311e3626cc..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use super::{
-	AccountId, AllPalletsWithSystem, ParachainInfo, Runtime, RuntimeCall, RuntimeEvent,
-	RuntimeOrigin,
-};
-use frame_support::{
-	parameter_types,
-	traits::{Contains, Everything, Nothing},
-	weights::Weight,
-};
-use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
-use xcm_builder::{
-	AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom, FixedWeightBounds, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset,
-	SovereignSignedViaLocation,
-};
-
-parameter_types! {
-	pub const RococoLocation: Location = Location::parent();
-	pub const RococoNetwork: NetworkId = NetworkId::Rococo;
-	pub UniversalLocation: InteriorLocation = [GlobalConsensus(RococoNetwork::get()), Parachain(ParachainInfo::parachain_id().into())].into();
-}
-
-/// This is the type we use to convert an (incoming) XCM origin into a local `Origin` instance,
-/// ready for dispatching a transaction with Xcm's `Transact`. There is an `OriginKind` which can
-/// bias the kind of local `Origin` it will become.
-pub type XcmOriginToTransactDispatchOrigin = (
-	// Sovereign account converter; this attempts to derive an `AccountId` from the origin location
-	// using `LocationToAccountId` and then turn that into the usual `Signed` origin. Useful for
-	// foreign chains who want to have a local sovereign account on this chain which they control.
-	SovereignSignedViaLocation<ParentIsPreset<AccountId>, RuntimeOrigin>,
-	// Superuser converter for the Relay-chain (Parent) location. This will allow it to issue a
-	// transaction from the Root origin.
-	ParentAsSuperuser<RuntimeOrigin>,
-);
-
-pub struct JustTheParent;
-impl Contains<Location> for JustTheParent {
-	fn contains(location: &Location) -> bool {
-		matches!(location.unpack(), (1, []))
-	}
-}
-
-parameter_types! {
-	// One XCM operation is 1_000_000_000 weight - almost certainly a conservative estimate.
-	pub UnitWeightCost: Weight = Weight::from_parts(1_000_000_000, 64 * 1024);
-	pub const MaxInstructions: u32 = 100;
-	pub const MaxAssetsIntoHolding: u32 = 64;
-}
-
-pub struct XcmConfig;
-impl xcm_executor::Config for XcmConfig {
-	type RuntimeCall = RuntimeCall;
-	type XcmSender = (); // sending XCM not supported
-	type AssetTransactor = (); // balances not supported
-	type OriginConverter = XcmOriginToTransactDispatchOrigin;
-	type IsReserve = (); // balances not supported
-	type IsTeleporter = (); // balances not supported
-	type UniversalLocation = UniversalLocation;
-	type Barrier = AllowExplicitUnpaidExecutionFrom<JustTheParent>;
-	type Weigher = FixedWeightBounds<UnitWeightCost, RuntimeCall, MaxInstructions>; // balances not supported
-	type Trader = (); // balances not supported
-	type ResponseHandler = (); // Don't handle responses for now.
-	type AssetTrap = (); // don't trap for now
-	type AssetClaims = (); // don't claim for now
-	type SubscriptionService = (); // don't handle subscriptions for now
-	type PalletInstancesInfo = AllPalletsWithSystem;
-	type MaxAssetsIntoHolding = MaxAssetsIntoHolding;
-	type AssetLocker = ();
-	type AssetExchanger = ();
-	type FeeManager = ();
-	type MessageExporter = ();
-	type UniversalAliases = Nothing;
-	type CallDispatcher = RuntimeCall;
-	type SafeCallFilter = Everything;
-	type Aliasers = Nothing;
-	type TransactionalProcessor = ();
-	type HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestHandler = ();
-	type HrmpChannelAcceptedHandler = ();
-	type HrmpChannelClosingHandler = ();
-	type XcmRecorder = ();
-}
-
-impl cumulus_pallet_xcm::Config for Runtime {
-	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
-	type XcmExecutor = xcm_executor::XcmExecutor<XcmConfig>;
-}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/test-utils/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/test-utils/src/lib.rs
index fe75b2b6e72f2254867c94253c38f2ebef718a92..3b38eee244f10931bdd7703cf5a59f88a363efaa 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/test-utils/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/test-utils/src/lib.rs
@@ -465,8 +465,8 @@ impl<
 	}
 
 	pub fn execute_as_origin_xcm<Call: GetDispatchInfo + Encode>(
-		call: Call,
 		origin: Location,
+		call: Call,
 		buy_execution_fee: Asset,
 	) -> Outcome {
 		// prepare `Transact` xcm
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/lib.rs
index a98c7b4886fdbc55eda3d7b67ddbcfdd4ba35d59..05773846164f66c800612fc9037c4c596c7d1a55 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/lib.rs
@@ -420,6 +420,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/xcm_config.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/xcm_config.rs
index 99aadb33b840130f36dbc3ffca80a6a710403675..b72d6d232a1d13b89551cf5158d2da699b049e41 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/xcm_config.rs
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 use xcm_builder::{
 	AccountId32Aliases, AllowHrmpNotificationsFromRelayChain, AllowKnownQueryResponses,
 	AllowSubscriptionsFrom, AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom, AsPrefixedGeneralIndex,
-	ConvertedConcreteId, EnsureXcmOrigin, FixedWeightBounds, FrameTransactionalProcessor,
-	FungibleAdapter, FungiblesAdapter, IsConcrete, LocalMint, NativeAsset, NoChecking,
-	ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative, SendXcmFeeToAccount,
-	SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia, SignedAccountId32AsNative,
-	SignedToAccountId32, SingleAssetExchangeAdapter, SovereignSignedViaLocation, StartsWith,
-	TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId, UsingComponents, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic,
-	XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
+	ConvertedConcreteId, DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily, EnsureXcmOrigin, FixedWeightBounds,
+	FrameTransactionalProcessor, FungibleAdapter, FungiblesAdapter, HashedDescription, IsConcrete,
+	LocalMint, NativeAsset, NoChecking, ParentAsSuperuser, ParentIsPreset, RelayChainAsNative,
+	SendXcmFeeToAccount, SiblingParachainAsNative, SiblingParachainConvertsVia,
+	SignedAccountId32AsNative, SignedToAccountId32, SingleAssetExchangeAdapter,
+	SovereignSignedViaLocation, StartsWith, TakeWeightCredit, TrailingSetTopicAsId,
+	UsingComponents, WithComputedOrigin, WithUniqueTopic, XcmFeeManagerFromComponents,
 };
 use xcm_executor::{traits::JustTry, XcmExecutor};
 
@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ pub type LocationToAccountId = (
 	SiblingParachainConvertsVia<Sibling, AccountId>,
 	// Straight up local `AccountId32` origins just alias directly to `AccountId`.
 	AccountId32Aliases<RelayNetwork, AccountId>,
+	// Foreign locations alias into accounts according to a hash of their standard description.
+	HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>>,
 );
 
 /// Means for transacting assets on this chain.
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/rococo-parachain/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/rococo-parachain/src/lib.rs
index 4d39728df83cbeab610dc023109664a97dbd40bd..5abdc995c00dbfcc89af8ef0a68c9ceb0903815d 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/rococo-parachain/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/rococo-parachain/src/lib.rs
@@ -257,6 +257,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl pallet_transaction_payment::Config for Runtime {
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a736e1ef80c587ead7aad1d8c1b0159956a9d0a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+[package]
+name = "polkadot-omni-node"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors.workspace = true
+edition.workspace = true
+build = "build.rs"
+description = "Generic binary that can run a parachain node with u32 block number and Aura consensus"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+color-eyre = { workspace = true }
+
+# Local
+polkadot-omni-node-lib = { workspace = true }
+
+[build-dependencies]
+substrate-build-script-utils = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+
+[features]
+default = []
+runtime-benchmarks = [
+	"polkadot-omni-node-lib/runtime-benchmarks",
+]
+try-runtime = [
+	"polkadot-omni-node-lib/try-runtime",
+]
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/build.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/build.rs
similarity index 79%
rename from cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/build.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/build.rs
index 896fc0fecf1c6ffa38a78d1036728fccb2ce060e..8c498735eae965dfd3686c9031843c2c6d13f992 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/shell/build.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/build.rs
@@ -14,14 +14,9 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+use substrate_build_script_utils::{generate_cargo_keys, rerun_if_git_head_changed};
+
 fn main() {
-	substrate_wasm_builder::WasmBuilder::new()
-		.with_current_project()
-		.export_heap_base()
-		.import_memory()
-		.build()
+	generate_cargo_keys();
+	rerun_if_git_head_changed();
 }
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
-fn main() {}
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/Cargo.toml
similarity index 97%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/Cargo.toml
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/Cargo.toml
index 066cbfae53ae7021664cb60305d6eb5b38d94f6a..3dd482f4adafb236e7e12678323776dd7ec83bee 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [package]
-name = "polkadot-parachain-lib"
+name = "polkadot-omni-node-lib"
 version = "0.1.0"
 authors.workspace = true
 edition.workspace = true
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ pallet-transaction-payment-rpc-runtime-api = { workspace = true, default-feature
 sp-inherents = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sc-consensus-manual-seal = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-sysinfo = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 prometheus-endpoint = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 substrate-frame-rpc-system = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ cumulus-client-service = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 cumulus-primitives-aura = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 cumulus-primitives-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 cumulus-relay-chain-interface = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+futures-timer = "3.0.3"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 assert_cmd = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/cli.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/cli.rs
similarity index 96%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/cli.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/cli.rs
index 349dc01d8a4f25e16fe2a4f19ed772096cd981dd..6ca328912bba1fc447252f753fb4f125a80e04a5 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/cli.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/cli.rs
@@ -119,6 +119,14 @@ pub struct Cli<Config: CliConfig> {
 	#[command(flatten)]
 	pub run: cumulus_client_cli::RunCmd,
 
+	/// Start a dev node that produces a block each `dev_block_time` ms.
+	///
+	/// This is a dev option, and it won't result in starting or connecting to a parachain network.
+	/// The resulting node will work on its own, running the wasm blob and artificially producing
+	/// a block each `dev_block_time` ms, as if it was part of a parachain.
+	#[arg(long)]
+	pub dev_block_time: Option<u64>,
+
 	/// EXPERIMENTAL: Use slot-based collator which can handle elastic scaling.
 	///
 	/// Use with care, this flag is unstable and subject to change.
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/command.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/command.rs
similarity index 86%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/command.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/command.rs
index 43fb551f80d29e62749d371b59e34d96f14bbd1f..350dcfee1cdb7aaebf28259f952d9d95ded9fb6c 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/command.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/command.rs
@@ -22,13 +22,12 @@ use crate::{
 			AuraConsensusId, Consensus, Runtime, RuntimeResolver as RuntimeResolverT,
 			RuntimeResolver,
 		},
-		spec::DynNodeSpec,
 		types::Block,
 		NodeBlock, NodeExtraArgs,
 	},
 	fake_runtime_api,
+	nodes::DynNodeSpecExt,
 	runtime::BlockNumber,
-	service::ShellNode,
 };
 #[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 use cumulus_client_service::storage_proof_size::HostFunctions as ReclaimHostFunctions;
@@ -39,7 +38,6 @@ use sc_cli::{Result, SubstrateCli};
 use sp_runtime::traits::AccountIdConversion;
 #[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 use sp_runtime::traits::HashingFor;
-use std::panic::{RefUnwindSafe, UnwindSafe};
 
 /// Structure that can be used in order to provide customizers for different functionalities of the
 /// node binary that is being built using this library.
@@ -53,18 +51,17 @@ pub struct RunConfig {
 pub fn new_aura_node_spec<Block>(
 	aura_id: AuraConsensusId,
 	extra_args: &NodeExtraArgs,
-) -> Box<dyn DynNodeSpec>
+) -> Box<dyn DynNodeSpecExt>
 where
-	Block: NodeBlock + UnwindSafe + RefUnwindSafe,
-	Block::BoundedHeader: UnwindSafe + RefUnwindSafe,
+	Block: NodeBlock,
 {
 	match aura_id {
-		AuraConsensusId::Sr25519 => crate::service::new_aura_node_spec::<
+		AuraConsensusId::Sr25519 => crate::nodes::aura::new_aura_node_spec::<
 			Block,
 			fake_runtime_api::aura_sr25519::RuntimeApi,
 			sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::AuthorityId,
 		>(extra_args),
-		AuraConsensusId::Ed25519 => crate::service::new_aura_node_spec::<
+		AuraConsensusId::Ed25519 => crate::nodes::aura::new_aura_node_spec::<
 			Block,
 			fake_runtime_api::aura_ed25519::RuntimeApi,
 			sp_consensus_aura::ed25519::AuthorityId,
@@ -76,11 +73,10 @@ fn new_node_spec(
 	config: &sc_service::Configuration,
 	runtime_resolver: &Box<dyn RuntimeResolverT>,
 	extra_args: &NodeExtraArgs,
-) -> std::result::Result<Box<dyn DynNodeSpec>, sc_cli::Error> {
+) -> std::result::Result<Box<dyn DynNodeSpecExt>, sc_cli::Error> {
 	let runtime = runtime_resolver.runtime(config.chain_spec.as_ref())?;
 
 	Ok(match runtime {
-		Runtime::Shell => Box::new(ShellNode),
 		Runtime::Omni(block_number, consensus) => match (block_number, consensus) {
 			(BlockNumber::U32, Consensus::Aura(aura_id)) =>
 				new_aura_node_spec::<Block<u32>>(aura_id, extra_args),
@@ -216,6 +212,20 @@ pub fn run<CliConfig: crate::cli::CliConfig>(cmd_config: RunConfig) -> Result<()
 			let collator_options = cli.run.collator_options();
 
 			runner.run_node_until_exit(|config| async move {
+				let node_spec =
+					new_node_spec(&config, &cmd_config.runtime_resolver, &cli.node_extra_args())?;
+				let para_id = ParaId::from(
+					Extensions::try_get(&*config.chain_spec)
+						.map(|e| e.para_id)
+						.ok_or("Could not find parachain extension in chain-spec.")?,
+				);
+
+				if let Some(dev_block_time) = cli.dev_block_time {
+					return node_spec
+						.start_manual_seal_node(config, para_id, dev_block_time)
+						.map_err(Into::into)
+				}
+
 				// If Statemint (Statemine, Westmint, Rockmine) DB exists and we're using the
 				// asset-hub chain spec, then rename the base path to the new chain ID. In the case
 				// that both file paths exist, the node will exit, as the user must decide (by
@@ -265,15 +275,9 @@ pub fn run<CliConfig: crate::cli::CliConfig>(cmd_config: RunConfig) -> Result<()
 					}))
 					.flatten();
 
-				let para_id = Extensions::try_get(&*config.chain_spec)
-					.map(|e| e.para_id)
-					.ok_or("Could not find parachain extension in chain-spec.")?;
-
-				let id = ParaId::from(para_id);
-
 				let parachain_account =
 					AccountIdConversion::<polkadot_primitives::AccountId>::into_account_truncating(
-						&id,
+						&para_id,
 					);
 
 				let tokio_handle = config.tokio_handle.clone();
@@ -281,38 +285,22 @@ pub fn run<CliConfig: crate::cli::CliConfig>(cmd_config: RunConfig) -> Result<()
 					SubstrateCli::create_configuration(&polkadot_cli, &polkadot_cli, tokio_handle)
 						.map_err(|err| format!("Relay chain argument error: {}", err))?;
 
-				info!("🪪 Parachain id: {:?}", id);
+				info!("🪪 Parachain id: {:?}", para_id);
 				info!("🧾 Parachain Account: {}", parachain_account);
 				info!("✍️ Is collating: {}", if config.role.is_authority() { "yes" } else { "no" });
 
-				start_node(
-					config,
-					&cmd_config.runtime_resolver,
-					polkadot_config,
-					collator_options,
-					id,
-					cli.node_extra_args(),
-					hwbench,
-				)
-				.await
+				node_spec
+					.start_node(
+						config,
+						polkadot_config,
+						collator_options,
+						para_id,
+						hwbench,
+						cli.node_extra_args(),
+					)
+					.await
+					.map_err(Into::into)
 			})
 		},
 	}
 }
-
-#[sc_tracing::logging::prefix_logs_with("Parachain")]
-async fn start_node(
-	config: sc_service::Configuration,
-	runtime_resolver: &Box<dyn RuntimeResolverT>,
-	polkadot_config: sc_service::Configuration,
-	collator_options: cumulus_client_cli::CollatorOptions,
-	id: ParaId,
-	extra_args: NodeExtraArgs,
-	hwbench: Option<sc_sysinfo::HwBench>,
-) -> Result<sc_service::TaskManager> {
-	let node_spec = new_node_spec(&config, runtime_resolver, &extra_args)?;
-	node_spec
-		.start_node(config, polkadot_config, collator_options, id, hwbench, extra_args)
-		.await
-		.map_err(Into::into)
-}
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/aura.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/aura.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/aura.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/aura.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/chain_spec.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/chain_spec.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/chain_spec.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/chain_spec.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/command.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/command.rs
similarity index 98%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/command.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/command.rs
index e2826826d40ed556973ab057865f706a09a6f4ae..a60fc9232d91107777c133ff62aee1a2ccd75e06 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/command.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/command.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use crate::common::spec::NodeSpec;
+use crate::common::spec::BaseNodeSpec;
 use cumulus_client_cli::ExportGenesisHeadCommand;
 use frame_benchmarking_cli::BlockCmd;
 #[cfg(any(feature = "runtime-benchmarks"))]
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ pub trait NodeCommandRunner {
 
 impl<T> NodeCommandRunner for T
 where
-	T: NodeSpec,
+	T: BaseNodeSpec,
 {
 	fn prepare_check_block_cmd(
 		self: Box<Self>,
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/mod.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/mod.rs
similarity index 95%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/mod.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/mod.rs
index c6dce521e4aebbb728ab5998f2a6510dee675669..37660a5347a20b8fad5b6452eed331f98806c8d7 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/mod.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/mod.rs
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ pub mod types;
 
 use cumulus_primitives_core::{CollectCollationInfo, GetCoreSelectorApi};
 use sc_client_db::DbHash;
+use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
 use sp_api::{ApiExt, CallApiAt, ConstructRuntimeApi, Metadata};
 use sp_block_builder::BlockBuilder;
 use sp_runtime::{
@@ -39,8 +40,7 @@ use sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue;
 use std::{fmt::Debug, path::PathBuf, str::FromStr};
 
 pub trait NodeBlock:
-	BlockT<Extrinsic = OpaqueExtrinsic, Header = Self::BoundedHeader, Hash = DbHash>
-	+ for<'de> serde::Deserialize<'de>
+	BlockT<Extrinsic = OpaqueExtrinsic, Header = Self::BoundedHeader, Hash = DbHash> + DeserializeOwned
 {
 	type BoundedFromStrErr: Debug;
 	type BoundedNumber: FromStr<Err = Self::BoundedFromStrErr> + BlockNumber;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ pub trait NodeBlock:
 
 impl<T> NodeBlock for T
 where
-	T: BlockT<Extrinsic = OpaqueExtrinsic, Hash = DbHash> + for<'de> serde::Deserialize<'de>,
+	T: BlockT<Extrinsic = OpaqueExtrinsic, Hash = DbHash> + DeserializeOwned,
 	<T as BlockT>::Header: Unpin,
 	<NumberFor<T> as FromStr>::Err: Debug,
 {
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/rpc.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/rpc.rs
similarity index 74%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/rpc.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/rpc.rs
index a4e157e87216e12f88b178740478f396424bdde3..4879bd1eb7f47d343baa71aedeeb3c1b4760b4f7 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/rpc.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/rpc.rs
@@ -40,34 +40,13 @@ pub(crate) trait BuildRpcExtensions<Client, Backend, Pool> {
 	) -> sc_service::error::Result<RpcExtension>;
 }
 
-pub(crate) struct BuildEmptyRpcExtensions<Block, RuntimeApi>(PhantomData<(Block, RuntimeApi)>);
-
-impl<Block: BlockT, RuntimeApi>
-	BuildRpcExtensions<
-		ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>,
-		ParachainBackend<Block>,
-		sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
-	> for BuildEmptyRpcExtensions<Block, RuntimeApi>
-where
-	RuntimeApi:
-		ConstructNodeRuntimeApi<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>> + Send + Sync + 'static,
-{
-	fn build_rpc_extensions(
-		_client: Arc<ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
-		_backend: Arc<ParachainBackend<Block>>,
-		_pool: Arc<sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>>,
-	) -> sc_service::error::Result<RpcExtension> {
-		Ok(RpcExtension::new(()))
-	}
-}
-
 pub(crate) struct BuildParachainRpcExtensions<Block, RuntimeApi>(PhantomData<(Block, RuntimeApi)>);
 
 impl<Block: BlockT, RuntimeApi>
 	BuildRpcExtensions<
 		ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>,
 		ParachainBackend<Block>,
-		sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
+		sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
 	> for BuildParachainRpcExtensions<Block, RuntimeApi>
 where
 	RuntimeApi:
@@ -78,7 +57,9 @@ where
 	fn build_rpc_extensions(
 		client: Arc<ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
 		backend: Arc<ParachainBackend<Block>>,
-		pool: Arc<sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>>,
+		pool: Arc<
+			sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
+		>,
 	) -> sc_service::error::Result<RpcExtension> {
 		let build = || -> Result<RpcExtension, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
 			let mut module = RpcExtension::new(());
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/runtime.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/runtime.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/runtime.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/runtime.rs
index bddbb0a85d0365feb4a337673aab65081b676098..509d13b9d7a26c0068972dc6d2563ec869e07fa9 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/runtime.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/runtime.rs
@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@ pub enum Runtime {
 	/// None of the system-chain runtimes, rather the node will act agnostic to the runtime ie. be
 	/// an omni-node, and simply run a node with the given consensus algorithm.
 	Omni(BlockNumber, Consensus),
-	/// Shell
-	Shell,
 }
 
 /// Helper trait used for extracting the Runtime variant from the chain spec ID.
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/spec.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/spec.rs
similarity index 63%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/spec.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/spec.rs
index 0c0230296eb8fcff5bb11e417de6691f05c12fcb..8397cb778dcf497cff944377a1661de7183646ab 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/spec.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/spec.rs
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ use sc_network::{config::FullNetworkConfiguration, NetworkBackend, NetworkBlock}
 use sc_service::{Configuration, ImportQueue, PartialComponents, TaskManager};
 use sc_sysinfo::HwBench;
 use sc_telemetry::{TelemetryHandle, TelemetryWorker};
-use sc_transaction_pool::FullPool;
+use sc_tracing::tracing::Instrument;
+use sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle;
 use sp_keystore::KeystorePtr;
 use std::{future::Future, pin::Pin, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ where
 		telemetry: Option<TelemetryHandle>,
 		task_manager: &TaskManager,
 		relay_chain_interface: Arc<dyn RelayChainInterface>,
-		transaction_pool: Arc<FullPool<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>>,
+		transaction_pool: Arc<TransactionPoolHandle<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>>,
 		keystore: KeystorePtr,
 		relay_chain_slot_duration: Duration,
 		para_id: ParaId,
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ fn warn_if_slow_hardware(hwbench: &sc_sysinfo::HwBench) {
 	}
 }
 
-pub(crate) trait NodeSpec {
+pub(crate) trait BaseNodeSpec {
 	type Block: NodeBlock;
 
 	type RuntimeApi: ConstructNodeRuntimeApi<
@@ -101,16 +102,6 @@ pub(crate) trait NodeSpec {
 
 	type BuildImportQueue: BuildImportQueue<Self::Block, Self::RuntimeApi>;
 
-	type BuildRpcExtensions: BuildRpcExtensions<
-		ParachainClient<Self::Block, Self::RuntimeApi>,
-		ParachainBackend<Self::Block>,
-		FullPool<Self::Block, ParachainClient<Self::Block, Self::RuntimeApi>>,
-	>;
-
-	type StartConsensus: StartConsensus<Self::Block, Self::RuntimeApi>;
-
-	const SYBIL_RESISTANCE: CollatorSybilResistance;
-
 	/// Starts a `ServiceBuilder` for a full service.
 	///
 	/// Use this macro if you don't actually need the full service, but just the builder in order to
@@ -158,12 +149,15 @@ pub(crate) trait NodeSpec {
 			telemetry
 		});
 
-		let transaction_pool = sc_transaction_pool::BasicPool::new_full(
-			config.transaction_pool.clone(),
-			config.role.is_authority().into(),
-			config.prometheus_registry(),
-			task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
-			client.clone(),
+		let transaction_pool = Arc::from(
+			sc_transaction_pool::Builder::new(
+				task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
+				client.clone(),
+				config.role.is_authority().into(),
+			)
+			.with_options(config.transaction_pool.clone())
+			.with_prometheus(config.prometheus_registry())
+			.build(),
 		);
 
 		let block_import = ParachainBlockImport::new(client.clone(), backend.clone());
@@ -187,6 +181,18 @@ pub(crate) trait NodeSpec {
 			other: (block_import, telemetry, telemetry_worker_handle),
 		})
 	}
+}
+
+pub(crate) trait NodeSpec: BaseNodeSpec {
+	type BuildRpcExtensions: BuildRpcExtensions<
+		ParachainClient<Self::Block, Self::RuntimeApi>,
+		ParachainBackend<Self::Block>,
+		TransactionPoolHandle<Self::Block, ParachainClient<Self::Block, Self::RuntimeApi>>,
+	>;
+
+	type StartConsensus: StartConsensus<Self::Block, Self::RuntimeApi>;
+
+	const SYBIL_RESISTANCE: CollatorSybilResistance;
 
 	/// Start a node with the given parachain spec.
 	///
@@ -202,147 +208,153 @@ pub(crate) trait NodeSpec {
 	where
 		Net: NetworkBackend<Self::Block, Hash>,
 	{
-		Box::pin(async move {
-			let parachain_config = prepare_node_config(parachain_config);
-
-			let params = Self::new_partial(&parachain_config)?;
-			let (block_import, mut telemetry, telemetry_worker_handle) = params.other;
-
-			let client = params.client.clone();
-			let backend = params.backend.clone();
-
-			let mut task_manager = params.task_manager;
-			let (relay_chain_interface, collator_key) = build_relay_chain_interface(
-				polkadot_config,
-				&parachain_config,
-				telemetry_worker_handle,
-				&mut task_manager,
-				collator_options.clone(),
-				hwbench.clone(),
-			)
-			.await
-			.map_err(|e| sc_service::Error::Application(Box::new(e) as Box<_>))?;
-
-			let validator = parachain_config.role.is_authority();
-			let prometheus_registry = parachain_config.prometheus_registry().cloned();
-			let transaction_pool = params.transaction_pool.clone();
-			let import_queue_service = params.import_queue.service();
-			let net_config = FullNetworkConfiguration::<_, _, Net>::new(
-				&parachain_config.network,
-				prometheus_registry.clone(),
-			);
-
-			let (network, system_rpc_tx, tx_handler_controller, start_network, sync_service) =
-				build_network(BuildNetworkParams {
-					parachain_config: &parachain_config,
-					net_config,
+		Box::pin(
+			async move {
+				let parachain_config = prepare_node_config(parachain_config);
+
+				let params = Self::new_partial(&parachain_config)?;
+				let (block_import, mut telemetry, telemetry_worker_handle) = params.other;
+
+				let client = params.client.clone();
+				let backend = params.backend.clone();
+
+				let mut task_manager = params.task_manager;
+				let (relay_chain_interface, collator_key) = build_relay_chain_interface(
+					polkadot_config,
+					&parachain_config,
+					telemetry_worker_handle,
+					&mut task_manager,
+					collator_options.clone(),
+					hwbench.clone(),
+				)
+				.await
+				.map_err(|e| sc_service::Error::Application(Box::new(e) as Box<_>))?;
+
+				let validator = parachain_config.role.is_authority();
+				let prometheus_registry = parachain_config.prometheus_registry().cloned();
+				let transaction_pool = params.transaction_pool.clone();
+				let import_queue_service = params.import_queue.service();
+				let net_config = FullNetworkConfiguration::<_, _, Net>::new(
+					&parachain_config.network,
+					prometheus_registry.clone(),
+				);
+
+				let (network, system_rpc_tx, tx_handler_controller, start_network, sync_service) =
+					build_network(BuildNetworkParams {
+						parachain_config: &parachain_config,
+						net_config,
+						client: client.clone(),
+						transaction_pool: transaction_pool.clone(),
+						para_id,
+						spawn_handle: task_manager.spawn_handle(),
+						relay_chain_interface: relay_chain_interface.clone(),
+						import_queue: params.import_queue,
+						sybil_resistance_level: Self::SYBIL_RESISTANCE,
+					})
+					.await?;
+
+				let rpc_builder = {
+					let client = client.clone();
+					let transaction_pool = transaction_pool.clone();
+					let backend_for_rpc = backend.clone();
+
+					Box::new(move |_| {
+						Self::BuildRpcExtensions::build_rpc_extensions(
+							client.clone(),
+							backend_for_rpc.clone(),
+							transaction_pool.clone(),
+						)
+					})
+				};
+
+				sc_service::spawn_tasks(sc_service::SpawnTasksParams {
+					rpc_builder,
 					client: client.clone(),
 					transaction_pool: transaction_pool.clone(),
+					task_manager: &mut task_manager,
+					config: parachain_config,
+					keystore: params.keystore_container.keystore(),
+					backend: backend.clone(),
+					network: network.clone(),
+					sync_service: sync_service.clone(),
+					system_rpc_tx,
+					tx_handler_controller,
+					telemetry: telemetry.as_mut(),
+				})?;
+
+				if let Some(hwbench) = hwbench {
+					sc_sysinfo::print_hwbench(&hwbench);
+					if validator {
+						warn_if_slow_hardware(&hwbench);
+					}
+
+					if let Some(ref mut telemetry) = telemetry {
+						let telemetry_handle = telemetry.handle();
+						task_manager.spawn_handle().spawn(
+							"telemetry_hwbench",
+							None,
+							sc_sysinfo::initialize_hwbench_telemetry(telemetry_handle, hwbench),
+						);
+					}
+				}
+
+				let announce_block = {
+					let sync_service = sync_service.clone();
+					Arc::new(move |hash, data| sync_service.announce_block(hash, data))
+				};
+
+				let relay_chain_slot_duration = Duration::from_secs(6);
+
+				let overseer_handle = relay_chain_interface
+					.overseer_handle()
+					.map_err(|e| sc_service::Error::Application(Box::new(e)))?;
+
+				start_relay_chain_tasks(StartRelayChainTasksParams {
+					client: client.clone(),
+					announce_block: announce_block.clone(),
 					para_id,
-					spawn_handle: task_manager.spawn_handle(),
 					relay_chain_interface: relay_chain_interface.clone(),
-					import_queue: params.import_queue,
-					sybil_resistance_level: Self::SYBIL_RESISTANCE,
-				})
-				.await?;
-
-			let rpc_builder = {
-				let client = client.clone();
-				let transaction_pool = transaction_pool.clone();
-				let backend_for_rpc = backend.clone();
-
-				Box::new(move |_| {
-					Self::BuildRpcExtensions::build_rpc_extensions(
-						client.clone(),
-						backend_for_rpc.clone(),
-						transaction_pool.clone(),
-					)
-				})
-			};
-
-			sc_service::spawn_tasks(sc_service::SpawnTasksParams {
-				rpc_builder,
-				client: client.clone(),
-				transaction_pool: transaction_pool.clone(),
-				task_manager: &mut task_manager,
-				config: parachain_config,
-				keystore: params.keystore_container.keystore(),
-				backend: backend.clone(),
-				network: network.clone(),
-				sync_service: sync_service.clone(),
-				system_rpc_tx,
-				tx_handler_controller,
-				telemetry: telemetry.as_mut(),
-			})?;
-
-			if let Some(hwbench) = hwbench {
-				sc_sysinfo::print_hwbench(&hwbench);
+					task_manager: &mut task_manager,
+					da_recovery_profile: if validator {
+						DARecoveryProfile::Collator
+					} else {
+						DARecoveryProfile::FullNode
+					},
+					import_queue: import_queue_service,
+					relay_chain_slot_duration,
+					recovery_handle: Box::new(overseer_handle.clone()),
+					sync_service,
+				})?;
+
 				if validator {
-					warn_if_slow_hardware(&hwbench);
+					Self::StartConsensus::start_consensus(
+						client.clone(),
+						block_import,
+						prometheus_registry.as_ref(),
+						telemetry.as_ref().map(|t| t.handle()),
+						&task_manager,
+						relay_chain_interface.clone(),
+						transaction_pool,
+						params.keystore_container.keystore(),
+						relay_chain_slot_duration,
+						para_id,
+						collator_key.expect("Command line arguments do not allow this. qed"),
+						overseer_handle,
+						announce_block,
+						backend.clone(),
+						node_extra_args,
+					)?;
 				}
 
-				if let Some(ref mut telemetry) = telemetry {
-					let telemetry_handle = telemetry.handle();
-					task_manager.spawn_handle().spawn(
-						"telemetry_hwbench",
-						None,
-						sc_sysinfo::initialize_hwbench_telemetry(telemetry_handle, hwbench),
-					);
-				}
-			}
+				start_network.start_network();
 
-			let announce_block = {
-				let sync_service = sync_service.clone();
-				Arc::new(move |hash, data| sync_service.announce_block(hash, data))
-			};
-
-			let relay_chain_slot_duration = Duration::from_secs(6);
-
-			let overseer_handle = relay_chain_interface
-				.overseer_handle()
-				.map_err(|e| sc_service::Error::Application(Box::new(e)))?;
-
-			start_relay_chain_tasks(StartRelayChainTasksParams {
-				client: client.clone(),
-				announce_block: announce_block.clone(),
-				para_id,
-				relay_chain_interface: relay_chain_interface.clone(),
-				task_manager: &mut task_manager,
-				da_recovery_profile: if validator {
-					DARecoveryProfile::Collator
-				} else {
-					DARecoveryProfile::FullNode
-				},
-				import_queue: import_queue_service,
-				relay_chain_slot_duration,
-				recovery_handle: Box::new(overseer_handle.clone()),
-				sync_service,
-			})?;
-
-			if validator {
-				Self::StartConsensus::start_consensus(
-					client.clone(),
-					block_import,
-					prometheus_registry.as_ref(),
-					telemetry.as_ref().map(|t| t.handle()),
-					&task_manager,
-					relay_chain_interface.clone(),
-					transaction_pool,
-					params.keystore_container.keystore(),
-					relay_chain_slot_duration,
-					para_id,
-					collator_key.expect("Command line arguments do not allow this. qed"),
-					overseer_handle,
-					announce_block,
-					backend.clone(),
-					node_extra_args,
-				)?;
+				Ok(task_manager)
 			}
-
-			start_network.start_network();
-
-			Ok(task_manager)
-		})
+			.instrument(sc_tracing::tracing::info_span!(
+				sc_tracing::logging::PREFIX_LOG_SPAN,
+				name = "Parachain",
+			)),
+		)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/types.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/types.rs
similarity index 95%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/types.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/types.rs
index 9cfdcb22451c722edf8a839e4d7232c1bb245dc0..4bc58dc9db7e404cdfefb16c6e59fc0b0faa27bf 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/common/types.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/common/types.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use sc_consensus::DefaultImportQueue;
 use sc_executor::WasmExecutor;
 use sc_service::{PartialComponents, TFullBackend, TFullClient};
 use sc_telemetry::{Telemetry, TelemetryWorkerHandle};
-use sc_transaction_pool::FullPool;
+use sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle;
 use sp_runtime::{generic, traits::BlakeTwo256};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
@@ -51,6 +51,6 @@ pub type ParachainService<Block, RuntimeApi> = PartialComponents<
 	ParachainBackend<Block>,
 	(),
 	DefaultImportQueue<Block>,
-	FullPool<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
+	TransactionPoolHandle<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
 	(ParachainBlockImport<Block, RuntimeApi>, Option<Telemetry>, Option<TelemetryWorkerHandle>),
 >;
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/fake_runtime_api/mod.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/fake_runtime_api/mod.rs
similarity index 96%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/fake_runtime_api/mod.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/fake_runtime_api/mod.rs
index 02aa867d70fecd45cb73e38eed734da8400eccda..bd4ff167d8f11e6501933c29235b7cf5bccebea7 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/fake_runtime_api/mod.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/fake_runtime_api/mod.rs
@@ -24,12 +24,14 @@ use utils::{impl_node_runtime_apis, imports::*};
 type CustomBlock = crate::common::types::Block<u32>;
 pub mod aura_sr25519 {
 	use super::*;
+	#[allow(dead_code)]
 	struct FakeRuntime;
 	impl_node_runtime_apis!(FakeRuntime, CustomBlock, sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::AuthorityId);
 }
 
 pub mod aura_ed25519 {
 	use super::*;
+	#[allow(dead_code)]
 	struct FakeRuntime;
 	impl_node_runtime_apis!(FakeRuntime, CustomBlock, sp_consensus_aura::ed25519::AuthorityId);
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/fake_runtime_api/utils.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/fake_runtime_api/utils.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/fake_runtime_api/utils.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/fake_runtime_api/utils.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/lib.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/lib.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/lib.rs
index 6aa2f656a48ba626c432871f85d44c2965c462a3..a293ab225c6f575d0fee14c6663391f7d59692b5 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/lib.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ mod cli;
 mod command;
 mod common;
 mod fake_runtime_api;
-mod service;
+mod nodes;
 
 pub use cli::CliConfig;
 pub use command::{run, RunConfig};
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/service.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/aura.rs
similarity index 76%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/service.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/aura.rs
index b1c714784f4cda40b0026a6754cbb03d5378267a..ec5d0a439ec44219033bc72aa769285c54d96c9f 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/service.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/aura.rs
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@
 use crate::{
 	common::{
 		aura::{AuraIdT, AuraRuntimeApi},
-		rpc::{BuildEmptyRpcExtensions, BuildParachainRpcExtensions},
-		spec::{BuildImportQueue, DynNodeSpec, NodeSpec, StartConsensus},
+		rpc::BuildParachainRpcExtensions,
+		spec::{BaseNodeSpec, BuildImportQueue, NodeSpec, StartConsensus},
 		types::{
-			AccountId, Balance, Block, Hash, Nonce, ParachainBackend, ParachainBlockImport,
+			AccountId, Balance, Hash, Nonce, ParachainBackend, ParachainBlockImport,
 			ParachainClient,
 		},
 		ConstructNodeRuntimeApi, NodeBlock, NodeExtraArgs,
 	},
-	fake_runtime_api::aura_sr25519::RuntimeApi as FakeRuntimeApi,
+	nodes::DynNodeSpecExt,
 };
 use cumulus_client_collator::service::{
 	CollatorService, ServiceInterface as CollatorServiceInterface,
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ use cumulus_client_consensus_aura::collators::slot_based::{
 use cumulus_client_consensus_proposer::{Proposer, ProposerInterface};
 use cumulus_client_consensus_relay_chain::Verifier as RelayChainVerifier;
 #[allow(deprecated)]
-use cumulus_client_service::old_consensus;
 use cumulus_client_service::CollatorSybilResistance;
 use cumulus_primitives_core::{relay_chain::ValidationCode, ParaId};
 use cumulus_relay_chain_interface::{OverseerHandle, RelayChainInterface};
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ use sc_consensus::{
 };
 use sc_service::{Configuration, Error, TaskManager};
 use sc_telemetry::TelemetryHandle;
-use sc_transaction_pool::FullPool;
+use sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle;
 use sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi;
 use sp_inherents::CreateInherentDataProviders;
 use sp_keystore::KeystorePtr;
@@ -63,40 +62,6 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 };
 use std::{marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 
-/// Build the import queue for the shell runtime.
-pub(crate) struct BuildShellImportQueue;
-
-impl BuildImportQueue<Block<u32>, FakeRuntimeApi> for BuildShellImportQueue {
-	fn build_import_queue(
-		client: Arc<ParachainClient<Block<u32>, FakeRuntimeApi>>,
-		block_import: ParachainBlockImport<Block<u32>, FakeRuntimeApi>,
-		config: &Configuration,
-		_telemetry_handle: Option<TelemetryHandle>,
-		task_manager: &TaskManager,
-	) -> sc_service::error::Result<DefaultImportQueue<Block<u32>>> {
-		cumulus_client_consensus_relay_chain::import_queue(
-			client,
-			block_import,
-			|_, _| async { Ok(()) },
-			&task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
-			config.prometheus_registry(),
-		)
-		.map_err(Into::into)
-	}
-}
-
-pub(crate) struct ShellNode;
-
-impl NodeSpec for ShellNode {
-	type Block = Block<u32>;
-	type RuntimeApi = FakeRuntimeApi;
-	type BuildImportQueue = BuildShellImportQueue;
-	type BuildRpcExtensions = BuildEmptyRpcExtensions<Block<u32>, Self::RuntimeApi>;
-	type StartConsensus = StartRelayChainConsensus;
-
-	const SYBIL_RESISTANCE: CollatorSybilResistance = CollatorSybilResistance::Unresistant;
-}
-
 struct Verifier<Block, Client, AuraId> {
 	client: Arc<Client>,
 	aura_verifier: Box<dyn VerifierT<Block>>,
@@ -205,7 +170,7 @@ impl<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId, StartConsensus> Default
 	}
 }
 
-impl<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId, StartConsensus> NodeSpec
+impl<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId, StartConsensus> BaseNodeSpec
 	for AuraNode<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId, StartConsensus>
 where
 	Block: NodeBlock,
@@ -214,11 +179,23 @@ where
 		+ pallet_transaction_payment_rpc::TransactionPaymentRuntimeApi<Block, Balance>
 		+ substrate_frame_rpc_system::AccountNonceApi<Block, AccountId, Nonce>,
 	AuraId: AuraIdT + Sync,
-	StartConsensus: self::StartConsensus<Block, RuntimeApi> + 'static,
 {
 	type Block = Block;
 	type RuntimeApi = RuntimeApi;
 	type BuildImportQueue = BuildRelayToAuraImportQueue<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId>;
+}
+
+impl<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId, StartConsensus> NodeSpec
+	for AuraNode<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId, StartConsensus>
+where
+	Block: NodeBlock,
+	RuntimeApi: ConstructNodeRuntimeApi<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
+	RuntimeApi::RuntimeApi: AuraRuntimeApi<Block, AuraId>
+		+ pallet_transaction_payment_rpc::TransactionPaymentRuntimeApi<Block, Balance>
+		+ substrate_frame_rpc_system::AccountNonceApi<Block, AccountId, Nonce>,
+	AuraId: AuraIdT + Sync,
+	StartConsensus: self::StartConsensus<Block, RuntimeApi> + 'static,
+{
 	type BuildRpcExtensions = BuildParachainRpcExtensions<Block, RuntimeApi>;
 	type StartConsensus = StartConsensus;
 	const SYBIL_RESISTANCE: CollatorSybilResistance = CollatorSybilResistance::Resistant;
@@ -226,7 +203,7 @@ where
 
 pub fn new_aura_node_spec<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId>(
 	extra_args: &NodeExtraArgs,
-) -> Box<dyn DynNodeSpec>
+) -> Box<dyn DynNodeSpecExt>
 where
 	Block: NodeBlock,
 	RuntimeApi: ConstructNodeRuntimeApi<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>,
@@ -252,82 +229,6 @@ where
 	}
 }
 
-/// Start relay-chain consensus that is free for all. Everyone can submit a block, the relay-chain
-/// decides what is backed and included.
-pub(crate) struct StartRelayChainConsensus;
-
-impl StartConsensus<Block<u32>, FakeRuntimeApi> for StartRelayChainConsensus {
-	fn start_consensus(
-		client: Arc<ParachainClient<Block<u32>, FakeRuntimeApi>>,
-		block_import: ParachainBlockImport<Block<u32>, FakeRuntimeApi>,
-		prometheus_registry: Option<&Registry>,
-		telemetry: Option<TelemetryHandle>,
-		task_manager: &TaskManager,
-		relay_chain_interface: Arc<dyn RelayChainInterface>,
-		transaction_pool: Arc<FullPool<Block<u32>, ParachainClient<Block<u32>, FakeRuntimeApi>>>,
-		_keystore: KeystorePtr,
-		_relay_chain_slot_duration: Duration,
-		para_id: ParaId,
-		collator_key: CollatorPair,
-		overseer_handle: OverseerHandle,
-		announce_block: Arc<dyn Fn(Hash, Option<Vec<u8>>) + Send + Sync>,
-		_backend: Arc<ParachainBackend<Block<u32>>>,
-		_node_extra_args: NodeExtraArgs,
-	) -> Result<(), Error> {
-		let proposer_factory = sc_basic_authorship::ProposerFactory::with_proof_recording(
-			task_manager.spawn_handle(),
-			client.clone(),
-			transaction_pool,
-			prometheus_registry,
-			telemetry,
-		);
-
-		let free_for_all = cumulus_client_consensus_relay_chain::build_relay_chain_consensus(
-			cumulus_client_consensus_relay_chain::BuildRelayChainConsensusParams {
-				para_id,
-				proposer_factory,
-				block_import,
-				relay_chain_interface: relay_chain_interface.clone(),
-				create_inherent_data_providers: move |_, (relay_parent, validation_data)| {
-					let relay_chain_interface = relay_chain_interface.clone();
-					async move {
-						let parachain_inherent =
-                            cumulus_client_parachain_inherent::ParachainInherentDataProvider::create_at(
-                                relay_parent,
-                                &relay_chain_interface,
-                                &validation_data,
-                                para_id,
-                            ).await;
-						let parachain_inherent = parachain_inherent.ok_or_else(|| {
-							Box::<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>::from(
-								"Failed to create parachain inherent",
-							)
-						})?;
-						Ok(parachain_inherent)
-					}
-				},
-			},
-		);
-
-		let spawner = task_manager.spawn_handle();
-
-		// Required for free-for-all consensus
-		#[allow(deprecated)]
-		old_consensus::start_collator_sync(old_consensus::StartCollatorParams {
-			para_id,
-			block_status: client.clone(),
-			announce_block,
-			overseer_handle,
-			spawner,
-			key: collator_key,
-			parachain_consensus: free_for_all,
-			runtime_api: client.clone(),
-		});
-
-		Ok(())
-	}
-}
-
 /// Start consensus using the lookahead aura collator.
 pub(crate) struct StartSlotBasedAuraConsensus<Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId>(
 	PhantomData<(Block, RuntimeApi, AuraId)>,
@@ -390,7 +291,7 @@ where
 		telemetry: Option<TelemetryHandle>,
 		task_manager: &TaskManager,
 		relay_chain_interface: Arc<dyn RelayChainInterface>,
-		transaction_pool: Arc<FullPool<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>>,
+		transaction_pool: Arc<TransactionPoolHandle<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>>,
 		keystore: KeystorePtr,
 		_relay_chain_slot_duration: Duration,
 		para_id: ParaId,
@@ -486,7 +387,7 @@ where
 		telemetry: Option<TelemetryHandle>,
 		task_manager: &TaskManager,
 		relay_chain_interface: Arc<dyn RelayChainInterface>,
-		transaction_pool: Arc<FullPool<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>>,
+		transaction_pool: Arc<TransactionPoolHandle<Block, ParachainClient<Block, RuntimeApi>>>,
 		keystore: KeystorePtr,
 		relay_chain_slot_duration: Duration,
 		para_id: ParaId,
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/manual_seal.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/manual_seal.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d00d7adf27e1d35e71f4a6b122dc34e223b981ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/manual_seal.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+use crate::common::{
+	rpc::BuildRpcExtensions as BuildRpcExtensionsT,
+	spec::{BaseNodeSpec, BuildImportQueue, NodeSpec as NodeSpecT},
+	types::{Hash, ParachainBlockImport, ParachainClient},
+};
+use codec::Encode;
+use cumulus_client_parachain_inherent::{MockValidationDataInherentDataProvider, MockXcmConfig};
+use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
+use sc_consensus::{DefaultImportQueue, LongestChain};
+use sc_consensus_manual_seal::rpc::{ManualSeal, ManualSealApiServer};
+use sc_network::NetworkBackend;
+use sc_service::{build_polkadot_syncing_strategy, Configuration, PartialComponents, TaskManager};
+use sc_telemetry::TelemetryHandle;
+use sp_runtime::traits::Header;
+use sp_timestamp::Timestamp;
+use std::{marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc};
+
+pub struct ManualSealNode<NodeSpec>(PhantomData<NodeSpec>);
+
+impl<NodeSpec: NodeSpecT> BuildImportQueue<NodeSpec::Block, NodeSpec::RuntimeApi>
+	for ManualSealNode<NodeSpec>
+{
+	fn build_import_queue(
+		client: Arc<ParachainClient<NodeSpec::Block, NodeSpec::RuntimeApi>>,
+		_block_import: ParachainBlockImport<NodeSpec::Block, NodeSpec::RuntimeApi>,
+		config: &Configuration,
+		_telemetry_handle: Option<TelemetryHandle>,
+		task_manager: &TaskManager,
+	) -> sc_service::error::Result<DefaultImportQueue<NodeSpec::Block>> {
+		Ok(sc_consensus_manual_seal::import_queue(
+			Box::new(client.clone()),
+			&task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
+			config.prometheus_registry(),
+		))
+	}
+}
+
+impl<NodeSpec: NodeSpecT> BaseNodeSpec for ManualSealNode<NodeSpec> {
+	type Block = NodeSpec::Block;
+	type RuntimeApi = NodeSpec::RuntimeApi;
+	type BuildImportQueue = Self;
+}
+
+impl<NodeSpec: NodeSpecT> ManualSealNode<NodeSpec> {
+	pub fn new() -> Self {
+		Self(Default::default())
+	}
+
+	pub fn start_node<Net>(
+		&self,
+		mut config: Configuration,
+		para_id: ParaId,
+		block_time: u64,
+	) -> sc_service::error::Result<TaskManager>
+	where
+		Net: NetworkBackend<NodeSpec::Block, Hash>,
+	{
+		let PartialComponents {
+			client,
+			backend,
+			mut task_manager,
+			import_queue,
+			keystore_container,
+			select_chain: _,
+			transaction_pool,
+			other: (_, mut telemetry, _),
+		} = Self::new_partial(&config)?;
+		let select_chain = LongestChain::new(backend.clone());
+
+		// Since this is a dev node, prevent it from connecting to peers.
+		config.network.default_peers_set.in_peers = 0;
+		config.network.default_peers_set.out_peers = 0;
+		let mut net_config = sc_network::config::FullNetworkConfiguration::<_, _, Net>::new(
+			&config.network,
+			config.prometheus_config.as_ref().map(|cfg| cfg.registry.clone()),
+		);
+		let metrics = Net::register_notification_metrics(
+			config.prometheus_config.as_ref().map(|cfg| &cfg.registry),
+		);
+
+		let syncing_strategy = build_polkadot_syncing_strategy(
+			config.protocol_id(),
+			config.chain_spec.fork_id(),
+			&mut net_config,
+			None,
+			client.clone(),
+			&task_manager.spawn_handle(),
+			config.prometheus_config.as_ref().map(|config| &config.registry),
+		)?;
+
+		let (network, system_rpc_tx, tx_handler_controller, start_network, sync_service) =
+			sc_service::build_network(sc_service::BuildNetworkParams {
+				config: &config,
+				client: client.clone(),
+				transaction_pool: transaction_pool.clone(),
+				spawn_handle: task_manager.spawn_handle(),
+				import_queue,
+				net_config,
+				block_announce_validator_builder: None,
+				syncing_strategy,
+				block_relay: None,
+				metrics,
+			})?;
+
+		let proposer = sc_basic_authorship::ProposerFactory::new(
+			task_manager.spawn_handle(),
+			client.clone(),
+			transaction_pool.clone(),
+			None,
+			None,
+		);
+
+		let (manual_seal_sink, manual_seal_stream) = futures::channel::mpsc::channel(1024);
+		let mut manual_seal_sink_clone = manual_seal_sink.clone();
+		task_manager
+			.spawn_essential_handle()
+			.spawn("block_authoring", None, async move {
+				loop {
+					futures_timer::Delay::new(std::time::Duration::from_millis(block_time)).await;
+					manual_seal_sink_clone
+						.try_send(sc_consensus_manual_seal::EngineCommand::SealNewBlock {
+							create_empty: true,
+							finalize: true,
+							parent_hash: None,
+							sender: None,
+						})
+						.unwrap();
+				}
+			});
+
+		let client_for_cidp = client.clone();
+		let params = sc_consensus_manual_seal::ManualSealParams {
+			block_import: client.clone(),
+			env: proposer,
+			client: client.clone(),
+			pool: transaction_pool.clone(),
+			select_chain,
+			commands_stream: Box::pin(manual_seal_stream),
+			consensus_data_provider: None,
+			create_inherent_data_providers: move |block: Hash, ()| {
+				let current_para_head = client_for_cidp
+					.header(block)
+					.expect("Header lookup should succeed")
+					.expect("Header passed in as parent should be present in backend.");
+				let current_para_block_head =
+					Some(polkadot_primitives::HeadData(current_para_head.encode()));
+				let client_for_xcm = client_for_cidp.clone();
+				async move {
+					use sp_runtime::traits::UniqueSaturatedInto;
+
+					let mocked_parachain = MockValidationDataInherentDataProvider {
+						// When using manual seal we start from block 0, and it's very unlikely to
+						// reach a block number > u32::MAX.
+						current_para_block: UniqueSaturatedInto::<u32>::unique_saturated_into(
+							*current_para_head.number(),
+						),
+						para_id,
+						current_para_block_head,
+						relay_offset: 1000,
+						relay_blocks_per_para_block: 1,
+						para_blocks_per_relay_epoch: 10,
+						relay_randomness_config: (),
+						xcm_config: MockXcmConfig::new(&*client_for_xcm, block, Default::default()),
+						raw_downward_messages: vec![],
+						raw_horizontal_messages: vec![],
+						additional_key_values: None,
+					};
+					Ok((
+						sp_timestamp::InherentDataProvider::new(Timestamp::new(0)),
+						mocked_parachain,
+					))
+				}
+			},
+		};
+		let authorship_future = sc_consensus_manual_seal::run_manual_seal(params);
+		task_manager.spawn_essential_handle().spawn_blocking(
+			"manual-seal",
+			None,
+			authorship_future,
+		);
+		let rpc_extensions_builder = {
+			let client = client.clone();
+			let transaction_pool = transaction_pool.clone();
+			let backend_for_rpc = backend.clone();
+
+			Box::new(move |_| {
+				let mut module = NodeSpec::BuildRpcExtensions::build_rpc_extensions(
+					client.clone(),
+					backend_for_rpc.clone(),
+					transaction_pool.clone(),
+				)?;
+				module
+					.merge(ManualSeal::new(manual_seal_sink.clone()).into_rpc())
+					.map_err(|e| sc_service::Error::Application(e.into()))?;
+				Ok(module)
+			})
+		};
+
+		let _rpc_handlers = sc_service::spawn_tasks(sc_service::SpawnTasksParams {
+			network,
+			client: client.clone(),
+			keystore: keystore_container.keystore(),
+			task_manager: &mut task_manager,
+			transaction_pool: transaction_pool.clone(),
+			rpc_builder: rpc_extensions_builder,
+			backend,
+			system_rpc_tx,
+			tx_handler_controller,
+			sync_service,
+			config,
+			telemetry: telemetry.as_mut(),
+		})?;
+
+		start_network.start_network();
+		Ok(task_manager)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/mod.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ab13322e80ab9123732b427107c540107c38068d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+pub mod aura;
+mod manual_seal;
+
+use crate::common::spec::{DynNodeSpec, NodeSpec as NodeSpecT};
+use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
+use manual_seal::ManualSealNode;
+use sc_service::{Configuration, TaskManager};
+
+/// Trait that extends the `DynNodeSpec` trait with manual seal related logic.
+///
+/// We need it in order to be able to access both the `DynNodeSpec` and the manual seal logic
+/// through dynamic dispatch.
+pub trait DynNodeSpecExt: DynNodeSpec {
+	fn start_manual_seal_node(
+		&self,
+		config: Configuration,
+		para_id: ParaId,
+		block_time: u64,
+	) -> sc_service::error::Result<TaskManager>;
+}
+
+impl<T> DynNodeSpecExt for T
+where
+	T: NodeSpecT + DynNodeSpec,
+{
+	#[sc_tracing::logging::prefix_logs_with("Parachain")]
+	fn start_manual_seal_node(
+		&self,
+		config: Configuration,
+		para_id: ParaId,
+		block_time: u64,
+	) -> sc_service::error::Result<TaskManager> {
+		let node = ManualSealNode::<T>::new();
+		match config.network.network_backend {
+			sc_network::config::NetworkBackendType::Libp2p =>
+				node.start_node::<sc_network::NetworkWorker<_, _>>(config, para_id, block_time),
+			sc_network::config::NetworkBackendType::Litep2p =>
+				node.start_node::<sc_network::Litep2pNetworkBackend>(config, para_id, block_time),
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/benchmark_storage_works.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/benchmark_storage_works.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/benchmark_storage_works.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/benchmark_storage_works.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/common.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/common.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/common.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/common.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/polkadot_argument_parsing.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/polkadot_argument_parsing.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/polkadot_argument_parsing.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/polkadot_argument_parsing.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/polkadot_mdns_issue.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/polkadot_mdns_issue.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/polkadot_mdns_issue.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/polkadot_mdns_issue.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/purge_chain_works.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/purge_chain_works.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/purge_chain_works.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/purge_chain_works.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/running_the_node_and_interrupt.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/running_the_node_and_interrupt.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/tests/running_the_node_and_interrupt.rs
rename to cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/tests/running_the_node_and_interrupt.rs
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/src/main.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a86ec6f6fde61ae07faf07985dfcb19ef5ecf255
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Cumulus.
+
+// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Basic polkadot omni-node.
+//!
+//! It can be used to start a parachain node from a provided chain spec file.
+//! It is only compatible with runtimes that use block number `u32` and `Aura` consensus.
+//!
+//! Example: `polkadot-omni-node --chain [chain_spec.json]`
+
+#![warn(missing_docs)]
+#![warn(unused_extern_crates)]
+
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::{
+	chain_spec::DiskChainSpecLoader, run, runtime::DefaultRuntimeResolver, CliConfig as CliConfigT,
+	RunConfig,
+};
+
+struct CliConfig;
+
+impl CliConfigT for CliConfig {
+	fn impl_version() -> String {
+		env!("SUBSTRATE_CLI_IMPL_VERSION").into()
+	}
+
+	fn author() -> String {
+		env!("CARGO_PKG_AUTHORS").into()
+	}
+
+	fn support_url() -> String {
+		"https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/new".into()
+	}
+
+	fn copyright_start_year() -> u16 {
+		2017
+	}
+}
+
+fn main() -> color_eyre::eyre::Result<()> {
+	color_eyre::install()?;
+
+	let config = RunConfig {
+		chain_spec_loader: Box::new(DiskChainSpecLoader),
+		runtime_resolver: Box::new(DefaultRuntimeResolver),
+	};
+	Ok(run::<CliConfig>(config)?)
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/Cargo.toml
index ad88be60d747be9136ae7e5bde9c47c1a54d41bf..5520126d0742a800e9f5f2343ad0467196e6dd9d 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/Cargo.toml
@@ -22,11 +22,9 @@ serde = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 # Local
-polkadot-parachain-lib = { features = ["rococo-native", "westend-native"], workspace = true }
+polkadot-omni-node-lib = { features = ["rococo-native", "westend-native"], workspace = true }
 rococo-parachain-runtime = { workspace = true }
-shell-runtime = { workspace = true }
 glutton-westend-runtime = { workspace = true }
-seedling-runtime = { workspace = true }
 asset-hub-rococo-runtime = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 asset-hub-westend-runtime = { workspace = true }
 collectives-westend-runtime = { workspace = true }
@@ -39,13 +37,10 @@ penpal-runtime = { workspace = true }
 people-rococo-runtime = { workspace = true }
 people-westend-runtime = { workspace = true }
 parachains-common = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-testnet-parachains-constants = { features = [
-	"rococo",
-	"westend",
-], workspace = true }
 
 # Substrate
 sp-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-cli = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-service = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-chain-spec = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -65,7 +60,7 @@ default = []
 runtime-benchmarks = [
 	"cumulus-primitives-core/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"parachains-common/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"polkadot-parachain-lib/runtime-benchmarks",
+	"polkadot-omni-node-lib/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"sc-service/runtime-benchmarks",
 
 	"asset-hub-rococo-runtime/runtime-benchmarks",
@@ -83,7 +78,7 @@ runtime-benchmarks = [
 	"rococo-parachain-runtime/runtime-benchmarks",
 ]
 try-runtime = [
-	"polkadot-parachain-lib/try-runtime",
+	"polkadot-omni-node-lib/try-runtime",
 
 	"asset-hub-rococo-runtime/try-runtime",
 	"asset-hub-westend-runtime/try-runtime",
@@ -97,7 +92,6 @@ try-runtime = [
 	"penpal-runtime/try-runtime",
 	"people-rococo-runtime/try-runtime",
 	"people-westend-runtime/try-runtime",
-	"shell-runtime/try-runtime",
 ]
 fast-runtime = [
 	"bridge-hub-rococo-runtime/fast-runtime",
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/asset_hubs.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/asset_hubs.rs
index 699c0b5ce775d9ebe1c6f4ba2ff643fbd0a73dfd..ec2afc743de8a9d459787933d5c6276744f03b8f 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/asset_hubs.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/asset_hubs.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 use sc_service::ChainType;
 
 pub fn asset_hub_westend_development_config() -> GenericChainSpec {
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/bridge_hubs.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/bridge_hubs.rs
index af399be9eacf10f47fd7a30a89b7ba4648e60e87..839e93d0a67b316cd95ef56e9b0a67eaa9dc6485 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/bridge_hubs.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/bridge_hubs.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::GenericChainSpec;
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::GenericChainSpec;
 use sc_chain_spec::{ChainSpec, ChainType};
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ fn ensure_id(id: &str) -> Result<&str, String> {
 /// Sub-module for Rococo setup
 pub mod rococo {
 	use super::{ChainType, ParaId};
-	use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+	use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 
 	pub(crate) const BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO: &str = "bridge-hub-rococo";
 	pub(crate) const BRIDGE_HUB_ROCOCO_LOCAL: &str = "bridge-hub-rococo-local";
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ pub mod kusama {
 /// Sub-module for Westend setup.
 pub mod westend {
 	use super::{ChainType, ParaId};
-	use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+	use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 
 	pub(crate) const BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND: &str = "bridge-hub-westend";
 	pub(crate) const BRIDGE_HUB_WESTEND_LOCAL: &str = "bridge-hub-westend-local";
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/collectives.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/collectives.rs
index 227e15fdff8d24ec13b4c1f6b82848198634f828..0d2f66b5acc00c14ba660bd8417c264aaddef6f1 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/collectives.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/collectives.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 use sc_service::ChainType;
 
 /// Collectives Westend Development Config.
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/coretime.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/coretime.rs
index fec3f56e6d3520ddcee8985f6be388117df5756e..fa865d7458cbe941698832dfc388abcf9bbc061d 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/coretime.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/coretime.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::GenericChainSpec;
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::GenericChainSpec;
 use sc_chain_spec::{ChainSpec, ChainType};
 use std::{borrow::Cow, str::FromStr};
 
@@ -146,13 +146,11 @@ pub fn chain_type_name(chain_type: &ChainType) -> Cow<str> {
 /// Sub-module for Rococo setup.
 pub mod rococo {
 	use super::{chain_type_name, CoretimeRuntimeType, ParaId};
-	use crate::chain_spec::{
-		get_account_id_from_seed, get_collator_keys_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
-	};
+	use crate::chain_spec::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 	use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId, Balance};
-	use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+	use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 	use sc_chain_spec::ChainType;
-	use sp_core::sr25519;
+	use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 	pub(crate) const CORETIME_ROCOCO: &str = "coretime-rococo";
 	pub(crate) const CORETIME_ROCOCO_LOCAL: &str = "coretime-rococo-local";
@@ -187,15 +185,12 @@ pub mod rococo {
 		.with_chain_type(chain_type)
 		.with_genesis_config_patch(genesis(
 			// initial collators.
-			vec![(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			)],
+			vec![(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into())],
 			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::AliceStash.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::BobStash.to_account_id(),
 			],
 			para_id,
 		))
@@ -235,7 +230,7 @@ pub mod rococo {
 				"safeXcmVersion": Some(SAFE_XCM_VERSION),
 			},
 			"sudo": {
-				"key": Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice")),
+				"key": Some(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id()),
 			},
 		})
 	}
@@ -244,12 +239,10 @@ pub mod rococo {
 /// Sub-module for Westend setup.
 pub mod westend {
 	use super::{chain_type_name, CoretimeRuntimeType, GenericChainSpec, ParaId};
-	use crate::chain_spec::{
-		get_account_id_from_seed, get_collator_keys_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
-	};
+	use crate::chain_spec::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 	use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId, Balance};
-	use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::Extensions;
-	use sp_core::sr25519;
+	use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::Extensions;
+	use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 	pub(crate) const CORETIME_WESTEND: &str = "coretime-westend";
 	pub(crate) const CORETIME_WESTEND_LOCAL: &str = "coretime-westend-local";
@@ -277,15 +270,12 @@ pub mod westend {
 		.with_chain_type(chain_type)
 		.with_genesis_config_patch(genesis(
 			// initial collators.
-			vec![(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			)],
+			vec![(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into())],
 			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::AliceStash.to_account_id(),
+				Sr25519Keyring::BobStash.to_account_id(),
 			],
 			para_id,
 		))
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/glutton.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/glutton.rs
index 136411b93e8bcc73a3bbf72510abb1f13ae4d20b..ddfb961370ac7ca66c2e72ce13ce7ff9805ca8c0 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/glutton.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/glutton.rs
@@ -14,14 +14,11 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use crate::chain_spec::get_account_id_from_seed;
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
 use parachains_common::AuraId;
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 use sc_service::ChainType;
-use sp_core::sr25519;
-
-use super::get_collator_keys_from_seed;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 fn glutton_genesis(parachain_id: ParaId, collators: Vec<AuraId>) -> serde_json::Value {
 	serde_json::json!( {
@@ -29,7 +26,7 @@ fn glutton_genesis(parachain_id: ParaId, collators: Vec<AuraId>) -> serde_json::
 			"parachainId": parachain_id
 		},
 		"sudo": {
-			"key": Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice")),
+			"key": Some(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id()),
 		},
 		"aura": { "authorities": collators },
 	})
@@ -45,7 +42,7 @@ pub fn glutton_westend_development_config(para_id: ParaId) -> GenericChainSpec {
 	.with_chain_type(ChainType::Local)
 	.with_genesis_config_patch(glutton_genesis(
 		para_id,
-		vec![get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice")],
+		vec![Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()],
 	))
 	.build()
 }
@@ -60,10 +57,7 @@ pub fn glutton_westend_local_config(para_id: ParaId) -> GenericChainSpec {
 	.with_chain_type(ChainType::Local)
 	.with_genesis_config_patch(glutton_genesis(
 		para_id,
-		vec![
-			get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-		],
+		vec![Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()],
 	))
 	.build()
 }
@@ -81,10 +75,7 @@ pub fn glutton_westend_config(para_id: ParaId) -> GenericChainSpec {
 	.with_chain_type(ChainType::Live)
 	.with_genesis_config_patch(glutton_westend_genesis(
 		para_id,
-		vec![
-			get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-		],
+		vec![Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()],
 	))
 	.with_protocol_id(format!("glutton-westend-{}", para_id).as_str())
 	.with_properties(properties)
@@ -97,7 +88,7 @@ fn glutton_westend_genesis(parachain_id: ParaId, collators: Vec<AuraId>) -> serd
 			"parachainId": parachain_id
 		},
 		"sudo": {
-			"key": Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice")),
+			"key": Some(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id()),
 		},
 		"aura": { "authorities": collators },
 	})
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/mod.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/mod.rs
index adb3eb2c0e04ae0f2070179a6859728c9bf12e14..00dceabb006943ff5c4039fd25f2fe3a690f5480 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/mod.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/mod.rs
@@ -15,10 +15,7 @@
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-pub(crate) use parachains_common::genesis_config_helpers::{
-	get_account_id_from_seed, get_collator_keys_from_seed, get_from_seed,
-};
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::{
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::{
 	chain_spec::{GenericChainSpec, LoadSpec},
 	runtime::{
 		AuraConsensusId, BlockNumber, Consensus, Runtime, RuntimeResolver as RuntimeResolverT,
@@ -34,8 +31,6 @@ pub mod glutton;
 pub mod penpal;
 pub mod people;
 pub mod rococo_parachain;
-pub mod seedling;
-pub mod shell;
 
 /// The default XCM version to set in genesis config.
 const SAFE_XCM_VERSION: u32 = xcm::prelude::XCM_VERSION;
@@ -75,10 +70,6 @@ impl LoadSpec for ChainSpecLoader {
 				&include_bytes!("../../chain-specs/track.json")[..],
 			)?),
 
-			// -- Starters
-			"shell" => Box::new(shell::get_shell_chain_spec()),
-			"seedling" => Box::new(seedling::get_seedling_chain_spec()),
-
 			// -- Asset Hub Polkadot
 			"asset-hub-polkadot" | "statemint" => Box::new(GenericChainSpec::from_json_bytes(
 				&include_bytes!("../../chain-specs/asset-hub-polkadot.json")[..],
@@ -202,8 +193,6 @@ impl LoadSpec for ChainSpecLoader {
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
 enum LegacyRuntime {
 	Omni,
-	Shell,
-	Seedling,
 	AssetHubPolkadot,
 	AssetHub,
 	Penpal,
@@ -218,11 +207,7 @@ impl LegacyRuntime {
 	fn from_id(id: &str) -> LegacyRuntime {
 		let id = id.replace('_', "-");
 
-		if id.starts_with("shell") {
-			LegacyRuntime::Shell
-		} else if id.starts_with("seedling") {
-			LegacyRuntime::Seedling
-		} else if id.starts_with("asset-hub-polkadot") | id.starts_with("statemint") {
+		if id.starts_with("asset-hub-polkadot") | id.starts_with("statemint") {
 			LegacyRuntime::AssetHubPolkadot
 		} else if id.starts_with("asset-hub-kusama") |
 			id.starts_with("statemine") |
@@ -277,7 +262,6 @@ impl RuntimeResolverT for RuntimeResolver {
 			LegacyRuntime::Penpal |
 			LegacyRuntime::Omni =>
 				Runtime::Omni(BlockNumber::U32, Consensus::Aura(AuraConsensusId::Sr25519)),
-			LegacyRuntime::Shell | LegacyRuntime::Seedling => Runtime::Shell,
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -287,7 +271,7 @@ mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 	use sc_chain_spec::{ChainSpecExtension, ChainSpecGroup, ChainType, Extension};
 	use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-	use sp_core::sr25519;
+	use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 	#[derive(
 		Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, ChainSpecGroup, ChainSpecExtension, Default,
@@ -323,12 +307,9 @@ mod tests {
 		.with_id(id)
 		.with_chain_type(ChainType::Local)
 		.with_genesis_config_patch(crate::chain_spec::rococo_parachain::testnet_genesis(
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-			vec![
-				get_from_seed::<rococo_parachain_runtime::AuraId>("Alice"),
-				get_from_seed::<rococo_parachain_runtime::AuraId>("Bob"),
-			],
-			vec![get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice")],
+			Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+			vec![Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()],
+			vec![Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()],
 			1000.into(),
 		))
 		.build()
@@ -336,15 +317,6 @@ mod tests {
 
 	#[test]
 	fn test_legacy_runtime_for_different_chain_specs() {
-		let chain_spec = create_default_with_extensions("shell-1", Extensions1::default());
-		assert_eq!(LegacyRuntime::Shell, LegacyRuntime::from_id(chain_spec.id()));
-
-		let chain_spec = create_default_with_extensions("shell-2", Extensions2::default());
-		assert_eq!(LegacyRuntime::Shell, LegacyRuntime::from_id(chain_spec.id()));
-
-		let chain_spec = create_default_with_extensions("seedling", Extensions2::default());
-		assert_eq!(LegacyRuntime::Seedling, LegacyRuntime::from_id(chain_spec.id()));
-
 		let chain_spec =
 			create_default_with_extensions("penpal-rococo-1000", Extensions2::default());
 		assert_eq!(LegacyRuntime::Penpal, LegacyRuntime::from_id(chain_spec.id()));
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/penpal.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/penpal.rs
index 5645bf06b67b22ae9f799fb1796131a4ebca0950..b60b9982c49e91908ba02972892aaf70b2438713 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/penpal.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/penpal.rs
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use crate::chain_spec::{get_account_id_from_seed, get_collator_keys_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION};
+use crate::chain_spec::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
 use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 use sc_service::ChainType;
-use sp_core::sr25519;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 pub fn get_penpal_chain_spec(id: ParaId, relay_chain: &str) -> GenericChainSpec {
 	// Give your base currency a unit name and decimal places
@@ -41,29 +41,10 @@ pub fn get_penpal_chain_spec(id: ParaId, relay_chain: &str) -> GenericChainSpec
 	.with_genesis_config_patch(penpal_testnet_genesis(
 		// initial collators.
 		vec![
-			(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			),
-			(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-			),
-		],
-		vec![
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+			(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+			(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 		],
+		Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 		id,
 	))
 	.build()
@@ -105,7 +86,7 @@ fn penpal_testnet_genesis(
 			"safeXcmVersion": Some(SAFE_XCM_VERSION),
 		},
 		"sudo": {
-			"key": Some(get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice")),
+			"key": Some(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id()),
 		},
 	})
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/people.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/people.rs
index 3c1150d95422b7016c86dfcf3f4c48ac8f60f0b1..1735a904b8eacc2e9ebddc6f869d24f21fae541c 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/people.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/people.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
 use parachains_common::Balance as PeopleBalance;
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::GenericChainSpec;
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::GenericChainSpec;
 use sc_chain_spec::ChainSpec;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
@@ -120,13 +120,11 @@ fn ensure_id(id: &str) -> Result<&str, String> {
 /// Sub-module for Rococo setup.
 pub mod rococo {
 	use super::{ParaId, PeopleBalance};
-	use crate::chain_spec::{
-		get_account_id_from_seed, get_collator_keys_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
-	};
+	use crate::chain_spec::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 	use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
-	use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+	use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 	use sc_chain_spec::ChainType;
-	use sp_core::sr25519;
+	use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 	pub(crate) const PEOPLE_ROCOCO: &str = "people-rococo";
 	pub(crate) const PEOPLE_ROCOCO_LOCAL: &str = "people-rococo-local";
@@ -155,29 +153,10 @@ pub mod rococo {
 		.with_genesis_config_patch(genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
-			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 			para_id,
 		))
 		.with_properties(properties)
@@ -230,13 +209,11 @@ pub mod rococo {
 /// Sub-module for Westend setup.
 pub mod westend {
 	use super::{ParaId, PeopleBalance};
-	use crate::chain_spec::{
-		get_account_id_from_seed, get_collator_keys_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION,
-	};
+	use crate::chain_spec::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 	use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
-	use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+	use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 	use sc_chain_spec::ChainType;
-	use sp_core::sr25519;
+	use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 	pub(crate) const PEOPLE_WESTEND: &str = "people-westend";
 	pub(crate) const PEOPLE_WESTEND_LOCAL: &str = "people-westend-local";
@@ -265,29 +242,10 @@ pub mod westend {
 		.with_genesis_config_patch(genesis(
 			// initial collators.
 			vec![
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-				),
-				(
-					get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-					get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-				),
-			],
-			vec![
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+				(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 			],
+			Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 			para_id,
 		))
 		.with_properties(properties)
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/rococo_parachain.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/rococo_parachain.rs
index 251926838d2463e0616cd8182bc029338f5e22b2..68383ac5c233d493c06e205f05bbe1637ce394b9 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/rococo_parachain.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/rococo_parachain.rs
@@ -16,14 +16,15 @@
 
 //! ChainSpecs dedicated to Rococo parachain setups (for testing and example purposes)
 
-use crate::chain_spec::{get_from_seed, SAFE_XCM_VERSION};
+use crate::chain_spec::SAFE_XCM_VERSION;
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
 use hex_literal::hex;
-use parachains_common::{genesis_config_helpers::get_account_id_from_seed, AccountId};
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
+use parachains_common::AccountId;
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
 use rococo_parachain_runtime::AuraId;
 use sc_chain_spec::ChainType;
-use sp_core::{crypto::UncheckedInto, sr25519};
+use sp_core::crypto::UncheckedInto;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 pub fn rococo_parachain_local_config() -> GenericChainSpec {
 	GenericChainSpec::builder(
@@ -34,22 +35,12 @@ pub fn rococo_parachain_local_config() -> GenericChainSpec {
 	.with_id("local_testnet")
 	.with_chain_type(ChainType::Local)
 	.with_genesis_config_patch(testnet_genesis(
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		vec![get_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"), get_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob")],
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		vec![
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+			AuraId::from(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public()),
+			AuraId::from(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public()),
 		],
+		Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
 		1000.into(),
 	))
 	.build()
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/seedling.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/seedling.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index a104b58db5d2f03ac5c67ed39ab7246b48df9f7f..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/seedling.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Cumulus.
-
-// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-use crate::chain_spec::get_account_id_from_seed;
-use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-use parachains_common::{AccountId, AuraId};
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
-use sc_service::ChainType;
-use sp_core::sr25519;
-
-use super::get_collator_keys_from_seed;
-
-pub fn get_seedling_chain_spec() -> GenericChainSpec {
-	GenericChainSpec::builder(
-		seedling_runtime::WASM_BINARY.expect("WASM binary was not built, please build it!"),
-		Extensions { relay_chain: "westend".into(), para_id: 2000 },
-	)
-	.with_name("Seedling Local Testnet")
-	.with_id("seedling_local_testnet")
-	.with_chain_type(ChainType::Local)
-	.with_genesis_config_patch(seedling_testnet_genesis(
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		2000.into(),
-		vec![get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice")],
-	))
-	.with_boot_nodes(Vec::new())
-	.build()
-}
-
-fn seedling_testnet_genesis(
-	root_key: AccountId,
-	parachain_id: ParaId,
-	collators: Vec<AuraId>,
-) -> serde_json::Value {
-	serde_json::json!({
-		"sudo": { "key": Some(root_key) },
-		"parachainInfo":  {
-			"parachainId": parachain_id,
-		},
-		"aura": { "authorities": collators },
-	})
-}
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/shell.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/shell.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 0a7816ab31932998e17e1d0ce4e04c5c6659e877..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/chain_spec/shell.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Cumulus.
-
-// Cumulus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Cumulus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Cumulus.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-use parachains_common::AuraId;
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::chain_spec::{Extensions, GenericChainSpec};
-use sc_service::ChainType;
-
-use super::get_collator_keys_from_seed;
-
-pub fn get_shell_chain_spec() -> GenericChainSpec {
-	GenericChainSpec::builder(
-		shell_runtime::WASM_BINARY.expect("WASM binary was not built, please build it!"),
-		Extensions { relay_chain: "westend".into(), para_id: 1000 },
-	)
-	.with_name("Shell Local Testnet")
-	.with_id("shell_local_testnet")
-	.with_chain_type(ChainType::Local)
-	.with_genesis_config_patch(shell_testnet_genesis(
-		1000.into(),
-		vec![get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice")],
-	))
-	.with_boot_nodes(Vec::new())
-	.build()
-}
-
-fn shell_testnet_genesis(parachain_id: ParaId, collators: Vec<AuraId>) -> serde_json::Value {
-	serde_json::json!({
-		"parachainInfo": { "parachainId": parachain_id},
-		"aura": { "authorities": collators },
-	})
-}
diff --git a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/main.rs b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/main.rs
index f2dce552c51a1b5ed95e31f516f25cf978adc67e..c8464be937ccbd198893d7b27f5360904e444a47 100644
--- a/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/main.rs
+++ b/cumulus/polkadot-parachain/src/main.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 mod chain_spec;
 
-use polkadot_parachain_lib::{run, CliConfig as CliConfigT, RunConfig};
+use polkadot_omni_node_lib::{run, CliConfig as CliConfigT, RunConfig};
 
 struct CliConfig;
 
diff --git a/cumulus/primitives/core/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/primitives/core/src/lib.rs
index 6bad65b3ff2c29c11472342e387641162da06204..dfb574ef33018fd138a767e5f2671d38afc32729 100644
--- a/cumulus/primitives/core/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/primitives/core/src/lib.rs
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ pub mod rpsr_digest {
 
 /// The default claim queue offset to be used if it's not configured/accessible in the parachain
 /// runtime
-pub const DEFAULT_CLAIM_QUEUE_OFFSET: u8 = 1;
+pub const DEFAULT_CLAIM_QUEUE_OFFSET: u8 = 0;
 
 /// Information about a collation.
 ///
diff --git a/cumulus/primitives/utility/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/primitives/utility/src/lib.rs
index 6bd14d136a62cd4f5cfcd237eb3d1efbbd78206f..8530f5b87487e0096c7696e3ac9a49a984fed851 100644
--- a/cumulus/primitives/utility/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/primitives/utility/src/lib.rs
@@ -385,7 +385,8 @@ impl<
 		FungiblesAssetMatcher,
 		OnUnbalanced,
 		AccountId,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	Fungibles::Balance: Into<u128>,
 {
 	fn new() -> Self {
@@ -545,7 +546,8 @@ impl<
 		FungiblesAssetMatcher,
 		OnUnbalanced,
 		AccountId,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	Fungibles::Balance: Into<u128>,
 {
 	fn drop(&mut self) {
diff --git a/cumulus/test/runtime/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/test/runtime/src/lib.rs
index 861d55c77cdc044af029f69332ae0e577f526165..92a6ab73a2ebe3dbc33a970a0ca368373de2a767 100644
--- a/cumulus/test/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/test/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -269,6 +269,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl pallet_transaction_payment::Config for Runtime {
diff --git a/cumulus/test/service/src/chain_spec.rs b/cumulus/test/service/src/chain_spec.rs
index ae71028ad486a46f32347f925e645ff0980bd652..3abffcff794f97ad69c3a623bb18987a5670495e 100644
--- a/cumulus/test/service/src/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/cumulus/test/service/src/chain_spec.rs
@@ -17,24 +17,16 @@
 #![allow(missing_docs)]
 
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-use cumulus_test_runtime::{AccountId, Signature};
+use cumulus_test_runtime::AccountId;
 use parachains_common::AuraId;
 use sc_chain_spec::{ChainSpecExtension, ChainSpecGroup};
 use sc_service::ChainType;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use sp_core::{sr25519, Pair, Public};
-use sp_runtime::traits::{IdentifyAccount, Verify};
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 /// Specialized `ChainSpec` for the normal parachain runtime.
 pub type ChainSpec = sc_service::GenericChainSpec<Extensions>;
 
-/// Helper function to generate a crypto pair from seed
-pub fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
 /// The extensions for the [`ChainSpec`].
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, ChainSpecGroup, ChainSpecExtension)]
 #[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
@@ -50,16 +42,6 @@ impl Extensions {
 	}
 }
 
-type AccountPublic = <Signature as Verify>::Signer;
-
-/// Helper function to generate an account ID from seed.
-pub fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
-
 /// Get the chain spec for a specific parachain ID.
 /// The given accounts are initialized with funds in addition
 /// to the default known accounts.
@@ -106,42 +88,11 @@ pub fn testnet_genesis_with_default_endowed(
 	mut extra_endowed_accounts: Vec<AccountId>,
 	self_para_id: Option<ParaId>,
 ) -> serde_json::Value {
-	let mut endowed = vec![
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
-	];
+	let mut endowed = Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 	endowed.append(&mut extra_endowed_accounts);
-	let invulnerables = vec![
-		get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-		get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-		get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Charlie"),
-		get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Dave"),
-		get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Eve"),
-		get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Ferdie"),
-	];
-	testnet_genesis(
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		invulnerables,
-		endowed,
-		self_para_id,
-	)
-}
-
-/// Generate collator keys from seed.
-///
-/// This function's return type must always match the session keys of the chain in tuple format.
-pub fn get_collator_keys_from_seed<AuraId: Public>(seed: &str) -> <AuraId::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	get_from_seed::<AuraId>(seed)
+	let invulnerables =
+		Sr25519Keyring::invulnerable().map(|k| k.public().into()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	testnet_genesis(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), invulnerables, endowed, self_para_id)
 }
 
 /// Creates a local testnet genesis with endowed accounts.
diff --git a/cumulus/test/service/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/test/service/src/lib.rs
index 9f93572e9cea5f1ad8b3d064cc5e0745c305d9f4..a13399d3a40e61cb5c556ff8de2b3bd810a7697b 100644
--- a/cumulus/test/service/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/test/service/src/lib.rs
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ pub type Backend = TFullBackend<Block>;
 pub type ParachainBlockImport = TParachainBlockImport<Block, Arc<Client>, Backend>;
 
 /// Transaction pool type used by the test service
-pub type TransactionPool = Arc<sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, Client>>;
+pub type TransactionPool = Arc<sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, Client>>;
 
 /// Recovery handle that fails regularly to simulate unavailable povs.
 pub struct FailingRecoveryHandle {
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ pub type Service = PartialComponents<
 	Backend,
 	(),
 	sc_consensus::import_queue::BasicQueue<Block>,
-	sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, Client>,
+	sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, Client>,
 	ParachainBlockImport,
 >;
 
@@ -219,12 +219,15 @@ pub fn new_partial(
 
 	let block_import = ParachainBlockImport::new(client.clone(), backend.clone());
 
-	let transaction_pool = sc_transaction_pool::BasicPool::new_full(
-		config.transaction_pool.clone(),
-		config.role.is_authority().into(),
-		config.prometheus_registry(),
-		task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
-		client.clone(),
+	let transaction_pool = Arc::from(
+		sc_transaction_pool::Builder::new(
+			task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
+			client.clone(),
+			config.role.is_authority().into(),
+		)
+		.with_options(config.transaction_pool.clone())
+		.with_prometheus(config.prometheus_registry())
+		.build(),
 	);
 
 	let slot_duration = sc_consensus_aura::slot_duration(&*client)?;
diff --git a/cumulus/xcm/xcm-emulator/Cargo.toml b/cumulus/xcm/xcm-emulator/Cargo.toml
index 6924f11292d674978f6721a59ff53b7acc55da39..8598481fae7670a2b57e4e52b418753501827717 100644
--- a/cumulus/xcm/xcm-emulator/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cumulus/xcm/xcm-emulator/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ workspace = true
 codec = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 paste = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 impl-trait-for-tuples = { workspace = true }
 array-bytes = { workspace = true }
 
diff --git a/cumulus/xcm/xcm-emulator/src/lib.rs b/cumulus/xcm/xcm-emulator/src/lib.rs
index d393d4537734f90f871e0b2ea3204487deb8b674..b91246a7bda22a8bb3bfedb57cca28ce09ce8f07 100644
--- a/cumulus/xcm/xcm-emulator/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cumulus/xcm/xcm-emulator/src/lib.rs
@@ -18,12 +18,16 @@ extern crate alloc;
 
 pub use array_bytes;
 pub use codec::{Decode, Encode, EncodeLike, MaxEncodedLen};
-pub use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 pub use log;
 pub use paste;
 pub use std::{
-	any::type_name, collections::HashMap, error::Error, fmt, marker::PhantomData, ops::Deref,
-	sync::Mutex,
+	any::type_name,
+	collections::HashMap,
+	error::Error,
+	fmt,
+	marker::PhantomData,
+	ops::Deref,
+	sync::{LazyLock, Mutex},
 };
 
 // Substrate
@@ -45,7 +49,9 @@ pub use frame_system::{
 pub use pallet_balances::AccountData;
 pub use pallet_message_queue;
 pub use sp_arithmetic::traits::Bounded;
-pub use sp_core::{parameter_types, sr25519, storage::Storage, Pair};
+pub use sp_core::{
+	crypto::get_public_from_string_or_panic, parameter_types, sr25519, storage::Storage, Pair,
+};
 pub use sp_crypto_hashing::blake2_256;
 pub use sp_io::TestExternalities;
 pub use sp_runtime::BoundedSlice;
@@ -222,7 +228,7 @@ pub trait Chain: TestExt {
 	type OriginCaller;
 
 	fn account_id_of(seed: &str) -> AccountId {
-		helpers::get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed)
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into()
 	}
 
 	fn account_data_of(account: AccountIdOf<Self::Runtime>) -> AccountData<Balance>;
@@ -443,10 +449,8 @@ macro_rules! __impl_test_ext_for_relay_chain {
 				= $crate::RefCell::new($crate::TestExternalities::new($genesis));
 		}
 
-		$crate::lazy_static! {
-			pub static ref $global_ext: $crate::Mutex<$crate::RefCell<$crate::HashMap<String, $crate::TestExternalities>>>
-				= $crate::Mutex::new($crate::RefCell::new($crate::HashMap::new()));
-		}
+		pub static $global_ext: $crate::LazyLock<$crate::Mutex<$crate::RefCell<$crate::HashMap<String, $crate::TestExternalities>>>>
+			= $crate::LazyLock::new(|| $crate::Mutex::new($crate::RefCell::new($crate::HashMap::new())));
 
 		impl<$network: $crate::Network> $crate::TestExt for $name<$network> {
 			fn build_new_ext(storage: $crate::Storage) -> $crate::TestExternalities {
@@ -478,10 +482,10 @@ macro_rules! __impl_test_ext_for_relay_chain {
 					v.take()
 				});
 
-				// Get TestExternality from lazy_static
+				// Get TestExternality from LazyLock
 				let global_ext_guard = $global_ext.lock().unwrap();
 
-				// Replace TestExternality in lazy_static by TestExternality from thread_local
+				// Replace TestExternality in LazyLock by TestExternality from thread_local
 				global_ext_guard.deref().borrow_mut().insert(id.to_string(), local_ext);
 			}
 
@@ -490,10 +494,10 @@ macro_rules! __impl_test_ext_for_relay_chain {
 
 				let mut global_ext_unlocked = false;
 
-				// Keep the mutex unlocked until TesExternality from lazy_static
+				// Keep the mutex unlocked until TesExternality from LazyLock
 				// has been updated
 				while !global_ext_unlocked {
-					// Get TesExternality from lazy_static
+					// Get TesExternality from LazyLock
 					let global_ext_result = $global_ext.try_lock();
 
 					if let Ok(global_ext_guard) = global_ext_result {
@@ -506,10 +510,10 @@ macro_rules! __impl_test_ext_for_relay_chain {
 					}
 				}
 
-				// Now that we know that lazy_static TestExt has been updated, we lock its mutex
+				// Now that we know that TestExt has been updated, we lock its mutex
 				let mut global_ext_guard = $global_ext.lock().unwrap();
 
-				// and set TesExternality from lazy_static into TesExternality for local_thread
+				// and set TesExternality from LazyLock into TesExternality for local_thread
 				let global_ext = global_ext_guard.deref();
 
 				$local_ext.with(|v| {
@@ -744,10 +748,8 @@ macro_rules! __impl_test_ext_for_parachain {
 				= $crate::RefCell::new($crate::TestExternalities::new($genesis));
 		}
 
-		$crate::lazy_static! {
-			pub static ref $global_ext: $crate::Mutex<$crate::RefCell<$crate::HashMap<String, $crate::TestExternalities>>>
-				= $crate::Mutex::new($crate::RefCell::new($crate::HashMap::new()));
-		}
+		pub static $global_ext: $crate::LazyLock<$crate::Mutex<$crate::RefCell<$crate::HashMap<String, $crate::TestExternalities>>>>
+			= $crate::LazyLock::new(|| $crate::Mutex::new($crate::RefCell::new($crate::HashMap::new())));
 
 		impl<$network: $crate::Network> $crate::TestExt for $name<$network> {
 			fn build_new_ext(storage: $crate::Storage) -> $crate::TestExternalities {
@@ -777,10 +779,10 @@ macro_rules! __impl_test_ext_for_parachain {
 					v.take()
 				});
 
-				// Get TestExternality from lazy_static
+				// Get TestExternality from LazyLock
 				let global_ext_guard = $global_ext.lock().unwrap();
 
-				// Replace TestExternality in lazy_static by TestExternality from thread_local
+				// Replace TestExternality in LazyLock by TestExternality from thread_local
 				global_ext_guard.deref().borrow_mut().insert(id.to_string(), local_ext);
 			}
 
@@ -789,10 +791,10 @@ macro_rules! __impl_test_ext_for_parachain {
 
 				let mut global_ext_unlocked = false;
 
-				// Keep the mutex unlocked until TesExternality from lazy_static
+				// Keep the mutex unlocked until TesExternality from LazyLock
 				// has been updated
 				while !global_ext_unlocked {
-					// Get TesExternality from lazy_static
+					// Get TesExternality from LazyLock
 					let global_ext_result = $global_ext.try_lock();
 
 					if let Ok(global_ext_guard) = global_ext_result {
@@ -805,10 +807,10 @@ macro_rules! __impl_test_ext_for_parachain {
 					}
 				}
 
-				// Now that we know that lazy_static TestExt has been updated, we lock its mutex
+				// Now that we know that TestExt has been updated, we lock its mutex
 				let mut global_ext_guard = $global_ext.lock().unwrap();
 
-				// and set TesExternality from lazy_static into TesExternality for local_thread
+				// and set TesExternality from LazyLock into TesExternality for local_thread
 				let global_ext = global_ext_guard.deref();
 
 				$local_ext.with(|v| {
@@ -1608,17 +1610,4 @@ pub mod helpers {
 
 		ref_time_within && proof_size_within
 	}
-
-	/// Helper function to generate an account ID from seed.
-	pub fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: sp_core::Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-	where
-		sp_runtime::MultiSigner:
-			From<<<TPublic as sp_runtime::CryptoType>::Pair as sp_core::Pair>::Public>,
-	{
-		use sp_runtime::traits::IdentifyAccount;
-		let pubkey = TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-			.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-			.public();
-		sp_runtime::MultiSigner::from(pubkey).into_account()
-	}
 }
diff --git a/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-main.js b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-main.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..31c01324a77edd9e006654a8924f13a626cf4e1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-main.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Allows to manually submit extrinsic to collator.
+// Usage:
+// zombienet-linux -p native spwan 0008-parachain-extrinsic-gets-finalized.toml
+// node 0008-main.js <path-to-generated-tmpdir/zombie.json>
+
+global.zombie = null
+
+const fs = require('fs');
+const test = require('./0008-transaction_gets_finalized.js');
+
+if (process.argv.length == 2) {
+    console.error('Path to zombie.json (generated by zombienet-linux spawn command shall be given)!');
+    process.exit(1);
+}
+
+let networkInfo = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(process.argv[2]));
+
+test.run("charlie", networkInfo).then(process.exit)
diff --git a/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-parachain_extrinsic_gets_finalized.toml b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-parachain_extrinsic_gets_finalized.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a295d3960bfe5574a4c26f4bdbaa912f629e4618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-parachain_extrinsic_gets_finalized.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+[relaychain]
+default_image = "{{RELAY_IMAGE}}"
+default_command = "polkadot"
+chain = "rococo-local"
+
+  [[relaychain.nodes]]
+  name = "alice"
+  validator = true
+
+  [[relaychain.nodes]]
+  name = "bob"
+  validator = true
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2000
+cumulus_based = true
+chain = "asset-hub-rococo-local"
+
+  # run charlie as parachain collator
+  [[parachains.collators]]
+  name = "charlie"
+  validator = true
+  image = "{{POLKADOT_PARACHAIN_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "polkadot-parachain"
+  args = ["--force-authoring", "-ltxpool=trace", "--pool-type=fork-aware"]
diff --git a/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-parachain_extrinsic_gets_finalized.zndsl b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-parachain_extrinsic_gets_finalized.zndsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5aab1bd923a5bc9c52b08a7c2178ac7fe57615ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-parachain_extrinsic_gets_finalized.zndsl
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Description: Block building
+Network: ./0008-parachain_extrinsic_gets_finalized.toml
+Creds: config
+
+alice: reports node_roles is 4
+bob: reports node_roles is 4
+charlie: reports node_roles is 4
+
+alice: reports peers count is at least 1
+bob: reports peers count is at least 1
+
+alice: reports block height is at least 5 within 60 seconds
+bob: reports block height is at least 5 within 60 seconds
+charlie: reports block height is at least 2 within 120 seconds
+
+alice: count of log lines containing "error" is 0 within 2 seconds
+bob: count of log lines containing "error" is 0 within 2 seconds
+charlie: count of log lines containing "error" is 0 within 2 seconds
+
+charlie: js-script ./0008-transaction_gets_finalized.js within 600 seconds
diff --git a/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-transaction_gets_finalized.js b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-transaction_gets_finalized.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3031c45e3a4b13cfc57cade9eb49aa29068c0c76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0008-transaction_gets_finalized.js
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+//based on: https://polkadot.js.org/docs/api/examples/promise/transfer-events
+
+const assert = require("assert");
+
+async function run(nodeName, networkInfo, args) {
+  const {wsUri, userDefinedTypes} = networkInfo.nodesByName[nodeName];
+  // Create the API and wait until ready
+  var api = null;
+  var keyring = null;
+  if (zombie == null) {
+    const testKeyring = require('@polkadot/keyring/testing');
+    const { WsProvider, ApiPromise } = require('@polkadot/api');
+    const provider = new WsProvider(wsUri);
+    api = await ApiPromise.create({provider});
+    // Construct the keyring after the API (crypto has an async init)
+    keyring = testKeyring.createTestKeyring({ type: "sr25519" });
+  } else {
+    keyring = new zombie.Keyring({ type: "sr25519" });
+    api = await zombie.connect(wsUri, userDefinedTypes);
+  }
+
+
+  // Add Alice to our keyring with a hard-derivation path (empty phrase, so uses dev)
+  const alice = keyring.addFromUri('//Alice');
+
+  // Create an extrinsic:
+  const extrinsic = api.tx.system.remark("xxx");
+
+  let extrinsic_success_event = false;
+  try {
+    await new Promise( async (resolve, reject) => {
+      const unsubscribe = await extrinsic
+        .signAndSend(alice, { nonce: -1 }, ({ events = [], status }) => {
+          console.log('Extrinsic status:', status.type);
+
+          if (status.isInBlock) {
+            console.log('Included at block hash', status.asInBlock.toHex());
+            console.log('Events:');
+
+            events.forEach(({ event: { data, method, section }, phase }) => {
+              console.log('\t', phase.toString(), `: ${section}.${method}`, data.toString());
+
+              if (section=="system" && method =="ExtrinsicSuccess") {
+                extrinsic_success_event = true;
+              }
+            });
+          } else if (status.isFinalized) {
+            console.log('Finalized block hash', status.asFinalized.toHex());
+            unsubscribe();
+            if (extrinsic_success_event) {
+              resolve();
+            } else {
+              reject("ExtrinsicSuccess has not been seen");
+            }
+          } else if (status.isError) {
+            unsubscribe();
+            reject("Extrinsic status.isError");
+          }
+
+        });
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    assert.fail("Transfer promise failed, error: " + error);
+  }
+
+  assert.ok("test passed");
+}
+
+module.exports = { run }
diff --git a/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0009-elastic_pov_recovery.toml b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0009-elastic_pov_recovery.toml
index b695f8aa937653340534d9366a5eab210888e416..1cf0775a2e177be85445de1f5a85c745670a76ee 100644
--- a/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0009-elastic_pov_recovery.toml
+++ b/cumulus/zombienet/tests/0009-elastic_pov_recovery.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
 [settings]
 timeout = 1000
 
+[relaychain.default_resources]
+limits = { memory = "4G", cpu = "2" }
+requests = { memory = "2G", cpu = "1" }
+
+[parachain.default_resources]
+limits = { memory = "4G", cpu = "2" }
+requests = { memory = "2G", cpu = "1" }
+
 [relaychain.genesis.runtimeGenesis.patch.configuration.config.async_backing_params]
   max_candidate_depth = 6
   allowed_ancestry_len = 3
@@ -23,7 +31,11 @@ command = "polkadot"
 
   [[relaychain.node_groups]]
   name = "validator"
-  args = ["-lruntime=debug,parachain=trace",  "--reserved-only", "--reserved-nodes {{'alice'|zombie('multiAddress')}}"]
+  args = [
+    "-lruntime=debug,parachain=trace",
+    "--reserved-only",
+    "--reserved-nodes {{'alice'|zombie('multiAddress')}}"
+  ]
   count = 8
 
 # Slot based authoring with 3 cores and 2s slot duration
@@ -32,17 +44,29 @@ id = 2100
 chain = "elastic-scaling"
 add_to_genesis = false
 
-  # Slot based authoring with 3 cores and 2s slot duration
+  # run 'recovery-target' as a parachain full node
   [[parachains.collators]]
-  name = "collator-elastic"
+  name = "recovery-target"
+  validator = false # full node
   image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
   command = "test-parachain"
-  args = ["--disable-block-announcements", "-laura=trace,runtime=info,cumulus-consensus=trace,consensus::common=trace,parachain::collation-generation=trace,parachain::collator-protocol=trace,parachain=debug", "--force-authoring", "--experimental-use-slot-based"]
+  args = [
+    "-lparachain::availability=trace,sync=debug,parachain=debug,cumulus-pov-recovery=debug,cumulus-consensus=debug",
+    "--disable-block-announcements",
+    "--in-peers 0",
+    "--out-peers 0",
+    "--",
+    "--reserved-only",
+    "--reserved-nodes {{'alice'|zombie('multiAddress')}}"]
 
-  # run 'recovery-target' as a parachain full node
+  # Slot based authoring with 3 cores and 2s slot duration
   [[parachains.collators]]
-  name = "recovery-target"
-  validator = false # full node
+  name = "collator-elastic"
   image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
   command = "test-parachain"
-  args = ["-lparachain::availability=trace,sync=debug,parachain=debug,cumulus-pov-recovery=debug,cumulus-consensus=debug", "--disable-block-announcements", "--bootnodes {{'collator-elastic'|zombie('multiAddress')}}", "--in-peers 0", "--out-peers 0", "--", "--reserved-only", "--reserved-nodes {{'alice'|zombie('multiAddress')}}"]
+  args = [
+    "-laura=trace,runtime=info,cumulus-consensus=trace,consensus::common=trace,parachain::collation-generation=trace,parachain::collator-protocol=trace,parachain=debug",
+    "--disable-block-announcements",
+    "--force-authoring",
+    "--experimental-use-slot-based"
+  ]
diff --git a/docker/dockerfiles/bridges_zombienet_tests_injected.Dockerfile b/docker/dockerfiles/bridges_zombienet_tests_injected.Dockerfile
index 55b9156e6a0ae811c8ef1d2bf8761452ae8c561a..b1f4bffc772abab2d18abca1a5f8974f6cdb2e5d 100644
--- a/docker/dockerfiles/bridges_zombienet_tests_injected.Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/dockerfiles/bridges_zombienet_tests_injected.Dockerfile
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # this image is built on top of existing Zombienet image
 ARG ZOMBIENET_IMAGE
 # this image uses substrate-relay image built elsewhere
-ARG SUBSTRATE_RELAY_IMAGE=docker.io/paritytech/substrate-relay:v1.6.8
+ARG SUBSTRATE_RELAY_IMAGE=docker.io/paritytech/substrate-relay:v1.7.0
 
 # metadata
 ARG VCS_REF
diff --git a/docker/dockerfiles/polkadot/polkadot_injected.Dockerfile b/docker/dockerfiles/polkadot/polkadot_injected.Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3dbede4966a8ef7966cb10f2a1963a868f0c3cea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/dockerfiles/polkadot/polkadot_injected.Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+FROM docker.io/parity/base-bin
+
+# metadata
+ARG VCS_REF
+ARG BUILD_DATE
+ARG IMAGE_NAME
+# That can be a single one or a comma separated list
+ARG BINARY=polkadot
+
+LABEL io.parity.image.authors="devops-team@parity.io" \
+	io.parity.image.vendor="Parity Technologies" \
+	io.parity.image.title="parity/polkadot" \
+	io.parity.image.description="Polkadot: a platform for web3. This is the official Parity image with an injected binary." \
+	io.parity.image.source="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/${VCS_REF}/docker/dockerfiles/polkadot/polkadot_injected.Dockerfile" \
+	io.parity.image.revision="${VCS_REF}" \
+	io.parity.image.created="${BUILD_DATE}" \
+	io.parity.image.documentation="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/"
+
+# show backtraces
+ENV RUST_BACKTRACE 1
+
+USER root
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# add polkadot and polkadot-*-worker binaries to the docker image
+COPY bin/* /usr/local/bin/
+COPY entrypoint.sh .
+
+
+RUN chmod -R a+rx "/usr/local/bin"; \
+		mkdir -p /data /polkadot/.local/share && \
+		chown -R parity:parity /data && \
+		ln -s /data /polkadot/.local/share/polkadot
+
+USER parity
+
+# check if executable works in this container
+RUN /usr/local/bin/polkadot --version
+RUN /usr/local/bin/polkadot-prepare-worker --version
+RUN /usr/local/bin/polkadot-execute-worker --version
+
+
+EXPOSE 30333 9933 9944 9615
+VOLUME ["/polkadot"]
+
+ENV BINARY=${BINARY}
+
+# ENTRYPOINT
+ENTRYPOINT ["/app/entrypoint.sh"]
+
+# We call the help by default
+CMD ["--help"]
diff --git a/docker/scripts/build-injected.sh b/docker/scripts/build-injected.sh
index 749d0fa335cc1248fcde1770046fc7c1e31e9fbe..c37ea916c8394b5b8076710bc8409ea4fa6ee84c 100755
--- a/docker/scripts/build-injected.sh
+++ b/docker/scripts/build-injected.sh
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ VCS_REF=${VCS_REF:-01234567}
 echo "Using engine: $ENGINE"
 echo "Using Dockerfile: $DOCKERFILE"
 echo "Using context: $CONTEXT"
-echo "Building ${IMAGE}:latest container image for ${BINARY} v${VERSION} from ${ARTIFACTS_FOLDER} hang on!"
+echo "Building ${IMAGE}:latest container image for ${BINARY} ${VERSION} from ${ARTIFACTS_FOLDER} hang on!"
 echo "ARTIFACTS_FOLDER=$ARTIFACTS_FOLDER"
 echo "CONTEXT=$CONTEXT"
 
diff --git a/docker/scripts/polkadot/build-injected.sh b/docker/scripts/polkadot/build-injected.sh
index 7cc6db43a54a6b1a54fa4e917ed82185d28e93d0..8f4e7005b816c6c3ab44d2208eca59b1bba50434 100755
--- a/docker/scripts/polkadot/build-injected.sh
+++ b/docker/scripts/polkadot/build-injected.sh
@@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ PROJECT_ROOT=`git rev-parse --show-toplevel`
 
 export BINARY=polkadot,polkadot-execute-worker,polkadot-prepare-worker
 export ARTIFACTS_FOLDER=$1
+export DOCKERFILE="docker/dockerfiles/polkadot/polkadot_injected.Dockerfile"
 
 $PROJECT_ROOT/docker/scripts/build-injected.sh
diff --git a/docs/contributor/commands-readme.md b/docs/contributor/commands-readme.md
index 861c3ac784d5deb3f569f86a61201d1d6e2bdbb7..52c554cc7098784be791c664f137fb3f0a754ac0 100644
--- a/docs/contributor/commands-readme.md
+++ b/docs/contributor/commands-readme.md
@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@ By default, the Start and End/Failure of the command will be commented with the
 If you want to avoid, use this flag. Go to
 [Action Tab](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/actions/workflows/cmd.yml) to see the pipeline status.
 
-2.`--continue-on-fail` to continue running the command even if something inside a command
-(like specific pallet weight generation) are failed.
-Basically avoids interruption in the middle with `exit 1`
-The pipeline logs will include what is failed (like which runtimes/pallets), then you can re-run them separately or not.
-
 3.`--clean` to clean up all yours and bot's comments in PR relevant to `/cmd` commands. If you run too many commands,
 or they keep failing, and you're rerunning them again, it's handy to add this flag to keep a PR clean.
 
@@ -44,4 +39,5 @@ the default branch.
 The regex in cmd.yml is: `^(\/cmd )([-\/\s\w.=:]+)$` accepts only alphanumeric, space, "-", "/", "=", ":", "." chars.
 
 `/cmd bench --runtime bridge-hub-westend --pallet=pallet_name`
+`/cmd prdoc --audience runtime_dev runtime_user --bump patch --force`
 `/cmd update-ui --image=docker.io/paritytech/ci-unified:bullseye-1.77.0-2024-04-10-v202407161507 --clean`
diff --git a/docs/contributor/weight-generation.md b/docs/contributor/weight-generation.md
index ebfdca59cae5d6f00b681d0b8ff94080e17202a4..a22a55404a4460471fd8b3848e18ef020e14ba18 100644
--- a/docs/contributor/weight-generation.md
+++ b/docs/contributor/weight-generation.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 To generate weights for a runtime.
 Weights generation is using self-hosted runner which is provided by Parity CI, the rest commands are using standard
 GitHub runners on `ubuntu-latest` or `ubuntu-20.04`.
-Self-hosted runner for benchmarks (arc-runners-Polkadot-sdk-benchmark) is configured to meet requirements of reference
+Self-hosted runner for benchmarks (`parity-weights`) is configured to meet requirements of reference
 hardware for running validators
 https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-polkadot#reference-hardware
 
@@ -19,51 +19,53 @@ In a PR run the actions through comment:
 
 To regenerate all weights (however it will take long,
 so don't do it unless you really need it), run the following command:
+
 ```sh
 /cmd bench
 ```
 
 To generate weights for all pallets in a particular runtime(s), run the following command:
+
 ```sh
 /cmd bench --runtime kusama polkadot
 ```
 
 For Substrate pallets (supports sub-modules too):
+
 ```sh
 /cmd bench --runtime dev --pallet pallet_asset_conversion_ops
 ```
 
 > **📝 Note**: The action is not being run right-away, it will be queued and run in the next available runner.
-So might be quick, but might also take up to 10 mins (That's in control of Github).  
-Once the action is run, you'll see reaction 👀 on original comment, and if you didn't pass `--quiet` -
-it will also send a link to a pipeline when started, and link to whole workflow when finished.
+> So might be quick, but might also take up to 10 mins (That's in control of Github).  
+> Once the action is run, you'll see reaction 👀 on original comment, and if you didn't pass `--quiet` -
+> it will also send a link to a pipeline when started, and link to whole workflow when finished.
+>
+> **📝 Note**: It will try keep benchmarking even if some pallets failed, with the result of failed/successful pallets.
+>
+> If you want to fail fast on first failed benchmark, add `--fail-fast` flag to the command.
 
 ---
 
-> **💡Hint #1** : if you run all runtimes or all pallets, it might be that some pallet in the middle is failed
-to generate weights, thus it stops (fails) the whole pipeline.
-> If you want, you can make it to continue running, even if some pallets are failed, add `--continue-on-fail`
-flag to the command. The report will include which runtimes/pallets have failed, then you can re-run
-them separately after all is done.
-
 This way it runs all possible runtimes for the specified pallets, if it finds them in the runtime
+
 ```sh
 /cmd bench --pallet pallet_balances pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic pallet_xcm_benchmarks::fungible
 ```
 
 If you want to run all specific pallet(s) for specific runtime(s), you can do it like this:
+
 ```sh
 /cmd bench --runtime bridge-hub-polkadot --pallet pallet_xcm_benchmarks::generic pallet_xcm_benchmarks::fungible
 ```
 
-
-> **💡Hint #2** : Sometimes when you run too many commands, or they keep failing and you're rerunning them again,
-it's handy to add `--clean` flag to the command. This will clean up all yours and bot's comments in PR relevant to
-/cmd commands.
+> **💡Hint #1** : Sometimes when you run too many commands, or they keep failing and you're rerunning them again,
+> it's handy to add `--clean` flag to the command. This will clean up all yours and bot's comments in PR relevant to
+> /cmd commands.
 
 ```sh
-/cmd bench --runtime kusama polkadot --pallet=pallet_balances --clean --continue-on-fail
+/cmd bench --runtime kusama polkadot --pallet=pallet_balances --clean
 ```
 
-> **💡Hint #3** : If you have questions or need help, feel free to tag @paritytech/opstooling (in github comments)
-or ping in [matrix](https://matrix.to/#/#command-bot:parity.io) channel.
+> **💡Hint #2** : If you have questions or need help, feel free to tag @paritytech/opstooling (in github comments)
+> or ping in [matrix](https://matrix.to/#/#command-bot:parity.io) channel.
diff --git a/docs/sdk/src/guides/enable_elastic_scaling_mvp.rs b/docs/sdk/src/guides/enable_elastic_scaling_mvp.rs
index 38ef18b88e0d0af6ee6b25cadf577367a55c5e22..812e674d163bb098ae34a35d9154ce49bd341245 100644
--- a/docs/sdk/src/guides/enable_elastic_scaling_mvp.rs
+++ b/docs/sdk/src/guides/enable_elastic_scaling_mvp.rs
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
 //! This phase consists of plugging in the new slot-based collator.
 //!
 //! 1. In `node/src/service.rs` import the slot based collator instead of the lookahead collator.
-#![doc = docify::embed!("../../cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/service.rs", slot_based_colator_import)]
+#![doc = docify::embed!("../../cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/aura.rs", slot_based_colator_import)]
 //!
 //! 2. In `start_consensus()`
 //!     - Remove the `overseer_handle` param (also remove the
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
 //!     `slot_drift` field with a   value of `Duration::from_secs(1)`.
 //!     - Replace the single future returned by `aura::run` with the two futures returned by it and
 //!     spawn them as separate tasks:
-#![doc = docify::embed!("../../cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib/src/service.rs", launch_slot_based_collator)]
+#![doc = docify::embed!("../../cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib/src/nodes/aura.rs", launch_slot_based_collator)]
 //!
 //! 3. In `start_parachain_node()` remove the `overseer_handle` param passed to `start_consensus`.
 //!
diff --git a/polkadot/cli/src/cli.rs b/polkadot/cli/src/cli.rs
index 3e5a6ccdd3c25519e7890f73c3d5a1a49e41c9c8..eb67a39563421c87e4d129b19498535b329edc3a 100644
--- a/polkadot/cli/src/cli.rs
+++ b/polkadot/cli/src/cli.rs
@@ -93,12 +93,6 @@ pub struct RunCmd {
 	#[arg(long)]
 	pub force_authoring_backoff: bool,
 
-	/// Add the destination address to the 'Jaeger' agent.
-	///
-	/// Must be valid socket address, of format `IP:Port` (commonly `127.0.0.1:6831`).
-	#[arg(long)]
-	pub jaeger_agent: Option<String>,
-
 	/// Add the destination address to the `pyroscope` agent.
 	///
 	/// Must be valid socket address, of format `IP:Port` (commonly `127.0.0.1:4040`).
@@ -151,6 +145,13 @@ pub struct RunCmd {
 	/// TESTING ONLY: disable the version check between nodes and workers.
 	#[arg(long, hide = true)]
 	pub disable_worker_version_check: bool,
+
+	/// Enable approval-voting message processing in parallel.
+	///
+	///**Dangerous!** This is an experimental feature and should not be used in production, unless
+	/// explicitly advised to.
+	#[arg(long)]
+	pub enable_approval_voting_parallel: bool,
 }
 
 #[allow(missing_docs)]
diff --git a/polkadot/cli/src/command.rs b/polkadot/cli/src/command.rs
index 89e21bf135b65b324e29e2a0369b4eb75ac8fc42..d124c8fb7eb745e2dec9af0a2dd35889675669b6 100644
--- a/polkadot/cli/src/command.rs
+++ b/polkadot/cli/src/command.rs
@@ -23,16 +23,15 @@ use polkadot_service::{
 	benchmarking::{benchmark_inherent_data, RemarkBuilder, TransferKeepAliveBuilder},
 	HeaderBackend, IdentifyVariant,
 };
+#[cfg(feature = "pyroscope")]
+use pyroscope_pprofrs::{pprof_backend, PprofConfig};
 use sc_cli::SubstrateCli;
 use sp_core::crypto::Ss58AddressFormatRegistry;
 use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
-use std::net::ToSocketAddrs;
 
 pub use crate::error::Error;
-#[cfg(feature = "hostperfcheck")]
-pub use polkadot_performance_test::PerfCheckError;
 #[cfg(feature = "pyroscope")]
-use pyroscope_pprofrs::{pprof_backend, PprofConfig};
+use std::net::ToSocketAddrs;
 
 type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Error>;
 
@@ -197,18 +196,6 @@ where
 		info!("----------------------------");
 	}
 
-	let jaeger_agent = if let Some(ref jaeger_agent) = cli.run.jaeger_agent {
-		Some(
-			jaeger_agent
-				.to_socket_addrs()
-				.map_err(Error::AddressResolutionFailure)?
-				.next()
-				.ok_or_else(|| Error::AddressResolutionMissing)?,
-		)
-	} else {
-		None
-	};
-
 	let node_version =
 		if cli.run.disable_worker_version_check { None } else { Some(NODE_VERSION.to_string()) };
 
@@ -229,7 +216,6 @@ where
 				is_parachain_node: polkadot_service::IsParachainNode::No,
 				enable_beefy,
 				force_authoring_backoff: cli.run.force_authoring_backoff,
-				jaeger_agent,
 				telemetry_worker_handle: None,
 				node_version,
 				secure_validator_mode,
@@ -244,6 +230,7 @@ where
 				execute_workers_max_num: cli.run.execute_workers_max_num,
 				prepare_workers_hard_max_num: cli.run.prepare_workers_hard_max_num,
 				prepare_workers_soft_max_num: cli.run.prepare_workers_soft_max_num,
+				enable_approval_voting_parallel: cli.run.enable_approval_voting_parallel,
 			},
 		)
 		.map(|full| full.task_manager)?;
@@ -307,7 +294,7 @@ pub fn run() -> Result<()> {
 
 			runner.async_run(|mut config| {
 				let (client, _, import_queue, task_manager) =
-					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config, None)?;
+					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config)?;
 				Ok((cmd.run(client, import_queue).map_err(Error::SubstrateCli), task_manager))
 			})
 		},
@@ -319,8 +306,7 @@ pub fn run() -> Result<()> {
 
 			Ok(runner.async_run(|mut config| {
 				let (client, _, _, task_manager) =
-					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config, None)
-						.map_err(Error::PolkadotService)?;
+					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config).map_err(Error::PolkadotService)?;
 				Ok((cmd.run(client, config.database).map_err(Error::SubstrateCli), task_manager))
 			})?)
 		},
@@ -331,8 +317,7 @@ pub fn run() -> Result<()> {
 			set_default_ss58_version(chain_spec);
 
 			Ok(runner.async_run(|mut config| {
-				let (client, _, _, task_manager) =
-					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config, None)?;
+				let (client, _, _, task_manager) = polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config)?;
 				Ok((cmd.run(client, config.chain_spec).map_err(Error::SubstrateCli), task_manager))
 			})?)
 		},
@@ -344,7 +329,7 @@ pub fn run() -> Result<()> {
 
 			Ok(runner.async_run(|mut config| {
 				let (client, _, import_queue, task_manager) =
-					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config, None)?;
+					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config)?;
 				Ok((cmd.run(client, import_queue).map_err(Error::SubstrateCli), task_manager))
 			})?)
 		},
@@ -360,7 +345,7 @@ pub fn run() -> Result<()> {
 
 			Ok(runner.async_run(|mut config| {
 				let (client, backend, _, task_manager) =
-					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config, None)?;
+					polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config)?;
 				let task_handle = task_manager.spawn_handle();
 				let aux_revert = Box::new(|client, backend, blocks| {
 					polkadot_service::revert_backend(client, backend, blocks, config, task_handle)
@@ -393,22 +378,21 @@ pub fn run() -> Result<()> {
 					.into()),
 				#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 				BenchmarkCmd::Storage(cmd) => runner.sync_run(|mut config| {
-					let (client, backend, _, _) =
-						polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config, None)?;
+					let (client, backend, _, _) = polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config)?;
 					let db = backend.expose_db();
 					let storage = backend.expose_storage();
 
 					cmd.run(config, client.clone(), db, storage).map_err(Error::SubstrateCli)
 				}),
 				BenchmarkCmd::Block(cmd) => runner.sync_run(|mut config| {
-					let (client, _, _, _) = polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config, None)?;
+					let (client, _, _, _) = polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config)?;
 
 					cmd.run(client.clone()).map_err(Error::SubstrateCli)
 				}),
 				// These commands are very similar and can be handled in nearly the same way.
 				BenchmarkCmd::Extrinsic(_) | BenchmarkCmd::Overhead(_) =>
 					runner.sync_run(|mut config| {
-						let (client, _, _, _) = polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config, None)?;
+						let (client, _, _, _) = polkadot_service::new_chain_ops(&mut config)?;
 						let header = client.header(client.info().genesis_hash).unwrap().unwrap();
 						let inherent_data = benchmark_inherent_data(header)
 							.map_err(|e| format!("generating inherent data: {:?}", e))?;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/collation-generation/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/collation-generation/src/tests.rs
index b3c6cc935baf827c295ae6e5be31201572beaecf..84dd4b0de2bc423b18250510451ca6ace7a8ae26 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/collation-generation/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/collation-generation/src/tests.rs
@@ -662,7 +662,6 @@ mod helpers {
 					unpin_handle: polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::mock::dummy_unpin_handle(
 						activated_hash,
 					),
-					span: Arc::new(overseer::jaeger::Span::Disabled),
 				}),
 				..Default::default()
 			})))
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3a98cce80e920c3098b97ab3ef3888f9bf96983c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+[package]
+name = "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel"
+version = "7.0.0"
+authors.workspace = true
+edition.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+description = "Approval Voting Subsystem running approval work in parallel"
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+async-trait = { workspace = true }
+futures = { workspace = true }
+futures-timer = { workspace = true }
+gum = { workspace = true }
+itertools = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
+
+polkadot-node-core-approval-voting = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-approval-distribution = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-node-subsystem = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-node-subsystem-util = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-overseer = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-node-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-node-network-protocol = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-node-metrics = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+
+sc-keystore = { workspace = true, default-features = false }
+sp-consensus = { workspace = true, default-features = false }
+sp-consensus-slots = { workspace = true, default-features = false }
+sp-application-crypto = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["full_crypto"] }
+sp-runtime = { workspace = true, default-features = false }
+
+rand = { workspace = true }
+rand_core = { workspace = true }
+rand_chacha = { workspace = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+async-trait = { workspace = true }
+parking_lot = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sp-keystore = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sp-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sp-consensus-babe = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sp-tracing = { workspace = true }
+polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+assert_matches = { workspace = true }
+kvdb-memorydb = { workspace = true }
+polkadot-primitives-test-helpers = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-subsystem-bench = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+schnorrkel = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1a7ef756bdfc4d965b3615ec79b97319fc6e688b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,958 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Polkadot.
+
+// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! The Approval Voting Parallel Subsystem.
+//!
+//! This subsystem is responsible for orchestrating the work done by
+//! approval-voting and approval-distribution subsystem, so they can
+//! do their work in parallel, rather than serially, when they are run
+//! as independent subsystems.
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use metrics::{Meters, MetricsWatcher};
+use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::{Config, RealAssignmentCriteria};
+use polkadot_node_metrics::metered::{
+	self, channel, unbounded, MeteredReceiver, MeteredSender, UnboundedMeteredReceiver,
+	UnboundedMeteredSender,
+};
+
+use polkadot_node_primitives::{
+	approval::time::{Clock, SystemClock},
+	DISPUTE_WINDOW,
+};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
+	messages::{ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingMessage, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage},
+	overseer, FromOrchestra, SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError, SubsystemResult,
+};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
+	self,
+	database::Database,
+	runtime::{Config as RuntimeInfoConfig, RuntimeInfo},
+};
+use polkadot_overseer::{OverseerSignal, Priority, SubsystemSender, TimeoutExt};
+use polkadot_primitives::{CandidateIndex, Hash, ValidatorIndex, ValidatorSignature};
+use rand::SeedableRng;
+
+use sc_keystore::LocalKeystore;
+use sp_consensus::SyncOracle;
+
+use futures::{channel::oneshot, prelude::*, StreamExt};
+pub use metrics::Metrics;
+use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::{
+	approval_db::common::Config as DatabaseConfig, ApprovalVotingWorkProvider,
+};
+use std::{
+	collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+	fmt::Debug,
+	sync::Arc,
+	time::Duration,
+};
+use stream::{select_with_strategy, PollNext, SelectWithStrategy};
+pub mod metrics;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
+
+pub(crate) const LOG_TARGET: &str = "parachain::approval-voting-parallel";
+// Value rather arbitrarily: Should not be hit in practice, it exists to more easily diagnose dead
+// lock issues for example.
+const WAIT_FOR_SIGS_GATHER_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_millis(2000);
+
+/// The number of workers used for running the approval-distribution logic.
+pub const APPROVAL_DISTRIBUTION_WORKER_COUNT: usize = 4;
+
+/// The default channel size for the workers, can be overridden by the user through
+/// `overseer_channel_capacity_override`
+pub const DEFAULT_WORKERS_CHANNEL_SIZE: usize = 64000 / APPROVAL_DISTRIBUTION_WORKER_COUNT;
+
+fn prio_right<'a>(_val: &'a mut ()) -> PollNext {
+	PollNext::Right
+}
+
+/// The approval voting parallel subsystem.
+pub struct ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem {
+	/// `LocalKeystore` is needed for assignment keys, but not necessarily approval keys.
+	///
+	/// We do a lot of VRF signing and need the keys to have low latency.
+	keystore: Arc<LocalKeystore>,
+	db_config: DatabaseConfig,
+	slot_duration_millis: u64,
+	db: Arc<dyn Database>,
+	sync_oracle: Box<dyn SyncOracle + Send>,
+	metrics: Metrics,
+	spawner: Arc<dyn overseer::gen::Spawner + 'static>,
+	clock: Arc<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
+	overseer_message_channel_capacity_override: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+impl ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem {
+	/// Create a new approval voting subsystem with the given keystore, config, and database.
+	pub fn with_config(
+		config: Config,
+		db: Arc<dyn Database>,
+		keystore: Arc<LocalKeystore>,
+		sync_oracle: Box<dyn SyncOracle + Send>,
+		metrics: Metrics,
+		spawner: impl overseer::gen::Spawner + 'static + Clone,
+		overseer_message_channel_capacity_override: Option<usize>,
+	) -> Self {
+		ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem::with_config_and_clock(
+			config,
+			db,
+			keystore,
+			sync_oracle,
+			metrics,
+			Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
+			spawner,
+			overseer_message_channel_capacity_override,
+		)
+	}
+
+	/// Create a new approval voting subsystem with the given keystore, config, clock, and database.
+	pub fn with_config_and_clock(
+		config: Config,
+		db: Arc<dyn Database>,
+		keystore: Arc<LocalKeystore>,
+		sync_oracle: Box<dyn SyncOracle + Send>,
+		metrics: Metrics,
+		clock: Arc<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
+		spawner: impl overseer::gen::Spawner + 'static,
+		overseer_message_channel_capacity_override: Option<usize>,
+	) -> Self {
+		ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem {
+			keystore,
+			slot_duration_millis: config.slot_duration_millis,
+			db,
+			db_config: DatabaseConfig { col_approval_data: config.col_approval_data },
+			sync_oracle,
+			metrics,
+			spawner: Arc::new(spawner),
+			clock,
+			overseer_message_channel_capacity_override,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// The size of the channel used for the workers.
+	fn workers_channel_size(&self) -> usize {
+		self.overseer_message_channel_capacity_override
+			.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_WORKERS_CHANNEL_SIZE)
+	}
+}
+
+#[overseer::subsystem(ApprovalVotingParallel, error = SubsystemError, prefix = self::overseer)]
+impl<Context: Send> ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem {
+	fn start(self, ctx: Context) -> SpawnedSubsystem {
+		let future = run::<Context>(ctx, self)
+			.map_err(|e| SubsystemError::with_origin("approval-voting-parallel", e))
+			.boxed();
+
+		SpawnedSubsystem { name: "approval-voting-parallel-subsystem", future }
+	}
+}
+
+// It starts worker for the approval voting subsystem and the `APPROVAL_DISTRIBUTION_WORKER_COUNT`
+// workers for the approval distribution subsystem.
+//
+// It returns handles that can be used to send messages to the workers.
+#[overseer::contextbounds(ApprovalVotingParallel, prefix = self::overseer)]
+async fn start_workers<Context>(
+	ctx: &mut Context,
+	subsystem: ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem,
+	metrics_watcher: &mut MetricsWatcher,
+) -> SubsystemResult<(ToWorker<ApprovalVotingMessage>, Vec<ToWorker<ApprovalDistributionMessage>>)>
+where
+{
+	gum::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Starting approval distribution workers");
+
+	// Build approval voting handles.
+	let (to_approval_voting_worker, approval_voting_work_provider) = build_worker_handles(
+		"approval-voting-parallel-db".into(),
+		subsystem.workers_channel_size(),
+		metrics_watcher,
+		prio_right,
+	);
+	let mut to_approval_distribution_workers = Vec::new();
+	let slot_duration_millis = subsystem.slot_duration_millis;
+
+	for i in 0..APPROVAL_DISTRIBUTION_WORKER_COUNT {
+		let mut network_sender = ctx.sender().clone();
+		let mut runtime_api_sender = ctx.sender().clone();
+		let mut approval_distribution_to_approval_voting = to_approval_voting_worker.clone();
+
+		let approval_distr_instance =
+			polkadot_approval_distribution::ApprovalDistribution::new_with_clock(
+				subsystem.metrics.approval_distribution_metrics(),
+				subsystem.slot_duration_millis,
+				subsystem.clock.clone(),
+				Arc::new(RealAssignmentCriteria {}),
+			);
+		let task_name = format!("approval-voting-parallel-{}", i);
+		let (to_approval_distribution_worker, mut approval_distribution_work_provider) =
+			build_worker_handles(
+				task_name.clone(),
+				subsystem.workers_channel_size(),
+				metrics_watcher,
+				prio_right,
+			);
+
+		metrics_watcher.watch(task_name.clone(), to_approval_distribution_worker.meter());
+
+		subsystem.spawner.spawn_blocking(
+			task_name.leak(),
+			Some("approval-voting-parallel"),
+			Box::pin(async move {
+				let mut state =
+					polkadot_approval_distribution::State::with_config(slot_duration_millis);
+				let mut rng = rand::rngs::StdRng::from_entropy();
+				let mut session_info_provider = RuntimeInfo::new_with_config(RuntimeInfoConfig {
+					keystore: None,
+					session_cache_lru_size: DISPUTE_WINDOW.get(),
+				});
+
+				loop {
+					let message = match approval_distribution_work_provider.next().await {
+						Some(message) => message,
+						None => {
+							gum::info!(
+								target: LOG_TARGET,
+								"Approval distribution stream finished, most likely shutting down",
+							);
+							break;
+						},
+					};
+					if approval_distr_instance
+						.handle_from_orchestra(
+							message,
+							&mut approval_distribution_to_approval_voting,
+							&mut network_sender,
+							&mut runtime_api_sender,
+							&mut state,
+							&mut rng,
+							&mut session_info_provider,
+						)
+						.await
+					{
+						gum::info!(
+							target: LOG_TARGET,
+							"Approval distribution worker {}, exiting because of shutdown", i
+						);
+					};
+				}
+			}),
+		);
+		to_approval_distribution_workers.push(to_approval_distribution_worker);
+	}
+
+	gum::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Starting approval voting workers");
+
+	let sender = ctx.sender().clone();
+	let to_approval_distribution = ApprovalVotingToApprovalDistribution(sender.clone());
+	polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::start_approval_worker(
+		approval_voting_work_provider,
+		sender.clone(),
+		to_approval_distribution,
+		polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::Config {
+			slot_duration_millis: subsystem.slot_duration_millis,
+			col_approval_data: subsystem.db_config.col_approval_data,
+		},
+		subsystem.db.clone(),
+		subsystem.keystore.clone(),
+		subsystem.sync_oracle,
+		subsystem.metrics.approval_voting_metrics(),
+		subsystem.spawner.clone(),
+		"approval-voting-parallel-db",
+		"approval-voting-parallel",
+		subsystem.clock.clone(),
+	)
+	.await?;
+
+	Ok((to_approval_voting_worker, to_approval_distribution_workers))
+}
+
+// The main run function of the approval parallel voting subsystem.
+#[overseer::contextbounds(ApprovalVotingParallel, prefix = self::overseer)]
+async fn run<Context>(
+	mut ctx: Context,
+	subsystem: ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem,
+) -> SubsystemResult<()> {
+	let mut metrics_watcher = MetricsWatcher::new(subsystem.metrics.clone());
+	gum::info!(
+		target: LOG_TARGET,
+		"Starting workers"
+	);
+
+	let (to_approval_voting_worker, to_approval_distribution_workers) =
+		start_workers(&mut ctx, subsystem, &mut metrics_watcher).await?;
+
+	gum::info!(
+		target: LOG_TARGET,
+		"Starting main subsystem loop"
+	);
+
+	run_main_loop(ctx, to_approval_voting_worker, to_approval_distribution_workers, metrics_watcher)
+		.await
+}
+
+// Main loop of the subsystem, it shouldn't include any logic just dispatching of messages to
+// the workers.
+//
+// It listens for messages from the overseer and dispatches them to the workers.
+#[overseer::contextbounds(ApprovalVotingParallel, prefix = self::overseer)]
+async fn run_main_loop<Context>(
+	mut ctx: Context,
+	mut to_approval_voting_worker: ToWorker<ApprovalVotingMessage>,
+	mut to_approval_distribution_workers: Vec<ToWorker<ApprovalDistributionMessage>>,
+	metrics_watcher: MetricsWatcher,
+) -> SubsystemResult<()> {
+	loop {
+		futures::select! {
+			next_msg = ctx.recv().fuse() => {
+				let next_msg = match next_msg {
+					Ok(msg) => msg,
+					Err(err) => {
+						gum::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?err, "Approval voting parallel subsystem received an error");
+						return Err(err);
+					}
+				};
+
+				match next_msg {
+					FromOrchestra::Signal(msg) => {
+						if matches!(msg, OverseerSignal::ActiveLeaves(_)) {
+							metrics_watcher.collect_metrics();
+						}
+
+						for worker in to_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+							worker
+								.send_signal(msg.clone()).await?;
+						}
+
+						to_approval_voting_worker.send_signal(msg.clone()).await?;
+						if matches!(msg, OverseerSignal::Conclude) {
+							break;
+						}
+					},
+					FromOrchestra::Communication { msg } => match msg {
+						// The message the approval voting subsystem would've handled.
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovedAncestor(_, _,_) |
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(_, _)  => {
+							to_approval_voting_worker.send_message(
+								msg.try_into().expect(
+									"Message is one of ApprovedAncestor, GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate
+									 and that can be safely converted to ApprovalVotingMessage; qed"
+								)
+							).await;
+						},
+						// Now the message the approval distribution subsystem would've handled and need to
+						// be forwarded to the workers.
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NewBlocks(msg) => {
+							for worker in to_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+								worker
+									.send_message(
+										ApprovalDistributionMessage::NewBlocks(msg.clone()),
+									)
+									.await;
+							}
+						},
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeAssignment(assignment, claimed) => {
+							let worker = assigned_worker_for_validator(assignment.validator, &mut to_approval_distribution_workers);
+							worker
+								.send_message(
+									ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeAssignment(assignment, claimed)
+								)
+								.await;
+
+						},
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeApproval(vote) => {
+							let worker = assigned_worker_for_validator(vote.validator, &mut to_approval_distribution_workers);
+							worker
+								.send_message(
+									ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeApproval(vote)
+								).await;
+
+						},
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(msg) => {
+							if let polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(
+								peer_id,
+								msg,
+							) = msg
+							{
+								let (all_msgs_from_same_validator, messages_split_by_validator) = validator_index_for_msg(msg);
+
+								for (validator_index, msg) in all_msgs_from_same_validator.into_iter().chain(messages_split_by_validator.into_iter().flatten()) {
+									let worker = assigned_worker_for_validator(validator_index, &mut to_approval_distribution_workers);
+
+									worker
+										.send_message(
+											ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+												polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(
+													peer_id, msg,
+												),
+											),
+										).await;
+								}
+							} else {
+								for worker in to_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+									worker
+										.send_message_with_priority::<overseer::HighPriority>(
+											ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(msg.clone()),
+										).await;
+								}
+							}
+						},
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(indices, tx) => {
+							handle_get_approval_signatures(&mut ctx, &mut to_approval_distribution_workers, indices, tx).await;
+						},
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag) => {
+							for worker in to_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+								worker
+									.send_message(
+										ApprovalDistributionMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag)
+									).await;
+							}
+						},
+					},
+				};
+
+			},
+		};
+	}
+	Ok(())
+}
+
+// It sends a message to all approval workers to get the approval signatures for the requested
+// candidates and then merges them all together and sends them back to the requester.
+#[overseer::contextbounds(ApprovalVotingParallel, prefix = self::overseer)]
+async fn handle_get_approval_signatures<Context>(
+	ctx: &mut Context,
+	to_approval_distribution_workers: &mut Vec<ToWorker<ApprovalDistributionMessage>>,
+	requested_candidates: HashSet<(Hash, CandidateIndex)>,
+	result_channel: oneshot::Sender<
+		HashMap<ValidatorIndex, (Hash, Vec<CandidateIndex>, ValidatorSignature)>,
+	>,
+) {
+	let mut sigs = HashMap::new();
+	let mut signatures_channels = Vec::new();
+	for worker in to_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+		let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+		worker.send_unbounded_message(ApprovalDistributionMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(
+			requested_candidates.clone(),
+			tx,
+		));
+		signatures_channels.push(rx);
+	}
+
+	let gather_signatures = async move {
+		let Some(results) = futures::future::join_all(signatures_channels)
+			.timeout(WAIT_FOR_SIGS_GATHER_TIMEOUT)
+			.await
+		else {
+			gum::warn!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"Waiting for approval signatures timed out - dead lock?"
+			);
+			return;
+		};
+
+		for result in results {
+			let worker_sigs = match result {
+				Ok(sigs) => sigs,
+				Err(_) => {
+					gum::error!(
+						target: LOG_TARGET,
+						"Getting approval signatures failed, oneshot got closed"
+					);
+					continue;
+				},
+			};
+			sigs.extend(worker_sigs);
+		}
+
+		if let Err(_) = result_channel.send(sigs) {
+			gum::debug!(
+					target: LOG_TARGET,
+					"Sending back approval signatures failed, oneshot got closed"
+			);
+		}
+	};
+
+	if let Err(err) = ctx.spawn("approval-voting-gather-signatures", Box::pin(gather_signatures)) {
+		gum::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Failed to spawn gather signatures task: {:?}", err);
+	}
+}
+
+// Returns the worker that should receive the message for the given validator.
+fn assigned_worker_for_validator(
+	validator: ValidatorIndex,
+	to_approval_distribution_workers: &mut Vec<ToWorker<ApprovalDistributionMessage>>,
+) -> &mut ToWorker<ApprovalDistributionMessage> {
+	let worker_index = validator.0 as usize % to_approval_distribution_workers.len();
+	to_approval_distribution_workers
+		.get_mut(worker_index)
+		.expect("Worker index is obtained modulo len; qed")
+}
+
+// Returns the validators that initially created this assignments/votes, the validator index
+// is later used to decide which approval-distribution worker should receive the message.
+//
+// Because this is on the hot path and we don't want to be unnecessarily slow, it contains two logic
+// paths. The ultra fast path where all messages have the same validator index and we don't do
+// any cloning or allocation and the path where we need to split the messages into multiple
+// messages, because they have different validator indices, where we do need to clone and allocate.
+// In practice most of the message will fall on the ultra fast path.
+fn validator_index_for_msg(
+	msg: polkadot_node_network_protocol::ApprovalDistributionMessage,
+) -> (
+	Option<(ValidatorIndex, polkadot_node_network_protocol::ApprovalDistributionMessage)>,
+	Option<Vec<(ValidatorIndex, polkadot_node_network_protocol::ApprovalDistributionMessage)>>,
+) {
+	match msg {
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(ref message) => match message {
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(msgs) =>
+				if let Ok(validator) = msgs.iter().map(|(msg, _)| msg.validator).all_equal_value() {
+					(Some((validator, msg)), None)
+				} else {
+					let split = msgs
+						.iter()
+						.map(|(msg, claimed_candidates)| {
+							(
+								msg.validator,
+								polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(
+									polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+										vec![(msg.clone(), *claimed_candidates)]
+									),
+								),
+							)
+						})
+						.collect_vec();
+					(None, Some(split))
+				},
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(msgs) =>
+				if let Ok(validator) = msgs.iter().map(|msg| msg.validator).all_equal_value() {
+					(Some((validator, msg)), None)
+				} else {
+					let split = msgs
+						.iter()
+						.map(|vote| {
+							(
+								vote.validator,
+								polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(
+									polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+										vec![vote.clone()]
+									),
+								),
+							)
+						})
+						.collect_vec();
+					(None, Some(split))
+				},
+		},
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(ref message) => match message {
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(msgs) =>
+				if let Ok(validator) = msgs.iter().map(|(msg, _)| msg.validator).all_equal_value() {
+					(Some((validator, msg)), None)
+				} else {
+					let split = msgs
+						.iter()
+						.map(|(msg, claimed_candidates)| {
+							(
+								msg.validator,
+								polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+									polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+										vec![(msg.clone(), *claimed_candidates)]
+									),
+								),
+							)
+						})
+						.collect_vec();
+					(None, Some(split))
+				},
+
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(msgs) =>
+				if let Ok(validator) = msgs.iter().map(|msg| msg.validator).all_equal_value() {
+					(Some((validator, msg)), None)
+				} else {
+					let split = msgs
+						.iter()
+						.map(|vote| {
+							(
+								vote.validator,
+								polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+									polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+										vec![vote.clone()]
+									),
+								),
+							)
+						})
+						.collect_vec();
+					(None, Some(split))
+				},
+		},
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(ref message) => match message {
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(msgs) =>
+				if let Ok(validator) = msgs.iter().map(|(msg, _)| msg.validator).all_equal_value() {
+					(Some((validator, msg)), None)
+				} else {
+					let split = msgs
+						.iter()
+						.map(|(msg, claimed_candidates)| {
+							(
+								msg.validator,
+								polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+									polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+										vec![(msg.clone(), claimed_candidates.clone())]
+									),
+								),
+							)
+						})
+						.collect_vec();
+					(None, Some(split))
+				},
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(msgs) =>
+				if let Ok(validator) = msgs.iter().map(|msg| msg.validator).all_equal_value() {
+					(Some((validator, msg)), None)
+				} else {
+					let split = msgs
+						.iter()
+						.map(|vote| {
+							(
+								vote.validator,
+								polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+									polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+										vec![vote.clone()]
+									),
+								),
+							)
+						})
+						.collect_vec();
+					(None, Some(split))
+				},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+/// A handler object that both type of workers use for receiving work.
+///
+/// In practive this is just a wrapper over two channels Receiver, that is injected into
+/// approval-voting worker and approval-distribution workers.
+type WorkProvider<M, Clos, State> = WorkProviderImpl<
+	SelectWithStrategy<
+		MeteredReceiver<FromOrchestra<M>>,
+		UnboundedMeteredReceiver<FromOrchestra<M>>,
+		Clos,
+		State,
+	>,
+>;
+
+pub struct WorkProviderImpl<T>(T);
+
+impl<T, M> Stream for WorkProviderImpl<T>
+where
+	T: Stream<Item = FromOrchestra<M>> + Unpin + Send,
+{
+	type Item = FromOrchestra<M>;
+
+	fn poll_next(
+		mut self: std::pin::Pin<&mut Self>,
+		cx: &mut std::task::Context<'_>,
+	) -> std::task::Poll<Option<Self::Item>> {
+		self.0.poll_next_unpin(cx)
+	}
+}
+
+#[async_trait::async_trait]
+impl<T> ApprovalVotingWorkProvider for WorkProviderImpl<T>
+where
+	T: Stream<Item = FromOrchestra<ApprovalVotingMessage>> + Unpin + Send,
+{
+	async fn recv(&mut self) -> SubsystemResult<FromOrchestra<ApprovalVotingMessage>> {
+		self.0.next().await.ok_or(SubsystemError::Context(
+			"ApprovalVotingWorkProviderImpl: Channel closed".to_string(),
+		))
+	}
+}
+
+impl<M, Clos, State> WorkProvider<M, Clos, State>
+where
+	M: Send + Sync + 'static,
+	Clos: FnMut(&mut State) -> PollNext,
+	State: Default,
+{
+	// Constructs a work providers from the channels handles.
+	fn from_rx_worker(rx: RxWorker<M>, prio: Clos) -> Self {
+		let prioritised = select_with_strategy(rx.0, rx.1, prio);
+		WorkProviderImpl(prioritised)
+	}
+}
+
+/// Just a wrapper for implementing `overseer::SubsystemSender<ApprovalVotingMessage>` and
+/// `overseer::SubsystemSender<ApprovalDistributionMessage>`.
+///
+/// The instance of this struct can be injected into the workers, so they can talk
+/// directly with each other without intermediating in this subsystem loop.
+pub struct ToWorker<T: Send + Sync + 'static>(
+	MeteredSender<FromOrchestra<T>>,
+	UnboundedMeteredSender<FromOrchestra<T>>,
+);
+
+impl<T: Send + Sync + 'static> Clone for ToWorker<T> {
+	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+		Self(self.0.clone(), self.1.clone())
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T: Send + Sync + 'static> ToWorker<T> {
+	async fn send_signal(&mut self, signal: OverseerSignal) -> Result<(), SubsystemError> {
+		self.1
+			.unbounded_send(FromOrchestra::Signal(signal))
+			.map_err(|err| SubsystemError::QueueError(err.into_send_error()))
+	}
+
+	fn meter(&self) -> Meters {
+		Meters::new(self.0.meter(), self.1.meter())
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T: Send + Sync + 'static + Debug> overseer::SubsystemSender<T> for ToWorker<T> {
+	fn send_message<'life0, 'async_trait>(
+		&'life0 mut self,
+		msg: T,
+	) -> ::core::pin::Pin<
+		Box<dyn ::core::future::Future<Output = ()> + ::core::marker::Send + 'async_trait>,
+	>
+	where
+		'life0: 'async_trait,
+		Self: 'async_trait,
+	{
+		async {
+			if let Err(err) =
+				self.0.send(polkadot_overseer::FromOrchestra::Communication { msg }).await
+			{
+				gum::error!(
+					target: LOG_TARGET,
+					"Failed to send message to approval voting worker: {:?}, subsystem is probably shutting down.",
+					err
+				);
+			}
+		}
+		.boxed()
+	}
+
+	fn try_send_message(&mut self, msg: T) -> Result<(), metered::TrySendError<T>> {
+		self.0
+			.try_send(polkadot_overseer::FromOrchestra::Communication { msg })
+			.map_err(|result| {
+				let is_full = result.is_full();
+				let msg = match result.into_inner() {
+					polkadot_overseer::FromOrchestra::Signal(_) =>
+						panic!("Cannot happen variant is never built"),
+					polkadot_overseer::FromOrchestra::Communication { msg } => msg,
+				};
+				if is_full {
+					metered::TrySendError::Full(msg)
+				} else {
+					metered::TrySendError::Closed(msg)
+				}
+			})
+	}
+
+	fn send_messages<'life0, 'async_trait, I>(
+		&'life0 mut self,
+		msgs: I,
+	) -> ::core::pin::Pin<
+		Box<dyn ::core::future::Future<Output = ()> + ::core::marker::Send + 'async_trait>,
+	>
+	where
+		I: IntoIterator<Item = T> + Send,
+		I::IntoIter: Send,
+		I: 'async_trait,
+		'life0: 'async_trait,
+		Self: 'async_trait,
+	{
+		async {
+			for msg in msgs {
+				self.send_message(msg).await;
+			}
+		}
+		.boxed()
+	}
+
+	fn send_unbounded_message(&mut self, msg: T) {
+		if let Err(err) =
+			self.1.unbounded_send(polkadot_overseer::FromOrchestra::Communication { msg })
+		{
+			gum::error!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"Failed to send unbounded message to approval voting worker: {:?}, subsystem is probably shutting down.",
+				err
+			);
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn send_message_with_priority<'life0, 'async_trait, P>(
+		&'life0 mut self,
+		msg: T,
+	) -> ::core::pin::Pin<
+		Box<dyn ::core::future::Future<Output = ()> + ::core::marker::Send + 'async_trait>,
+	>
+	where
+		P: 'async_trait + Priority,
+		'life0: 'async_trait,
+		Self: 'async_trait,
+	{
+		match P::priority() {
+			polkadot_overseer::PriorityLevel::Normal => self.send_message(msg),
+			polkadot_overseer::PriorityLevel::High =>
+				async { self.send_unbounded_message(msg) }.boxed(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn try_send_message_with_priority<P: Priority>(
+		&mut self,
+		msg: T,
+	) -> Result<(), metered::TrySendError<T>> {
+		match P::priority() {
+			polkadot_overseer::PriorityLevel::Normal => self.try_send_message(msg),
+			polkadot_overseer::PriorityLevel::High => Ok(self.send_unbounded_message(msg)),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// Handles that are used by an worker to receive work.
+pub struct RxWorker<T: Send + Sync + 'static>(
+	MeteredReceiver<FromOrchestra<T>>,
+	UnboundedMeteredReceiver<FromOrchestra<T>>,
+);
+
+// Build all the necessary channels for sending messages to an worker
+// and for the worker to receive them.
+fn build_channels<T: Send + Sync + 'static>(
+	channel_name: String,
+	channel_size: usize,
+	metrics_watcher: &mut MetricsWatcher,
+) -> (ToWorker<T>, RxWorker<T>) {
+	let (tx_work, rx_work) = channel::<FromOrchestra<T>>(channel_size);
+	let (tx_work_unbounded, rx_work_unbounded) = unbounded::<FromOrchestra<T>>();
+	let to_worker = ToWorker(tx_work, tx_work_unbounded);
+
+	metrics_watcher.watch(channel_name, to_worker.meter());
+
+	(to_worker, RxWorker(rx_work, rx_work_unbounded))
+}
+
+/// Build the worker handles used for interacting with the workers.
+///
+/// `ToWorker` is used for sending messages to the workers.
+/// `WorkProvider` is used by the workers for receiving the messages.
+fn build_worker_handles<M, Clos, State>(
+	channel_name: String,
+	channel_size: usize,
+	metrics_watcher: &mut MetricsWatcher,
+	prio_right: Clos,
+) -> (ToWorker<M>, WorkProvider<M, Clos, State>)
+where
+	M: Send + Sync + 'static,
+	Clos: FnMut(&mut State) -> PollNext,
+	State: Default,
+{
+	let (to_worker, rx_worker) = build_channels(channel_name, channel_size, metrics_watcher);
+	(to_worker, WorkProviderImpl::from_rx_worker(rx_worker, prio_right))
+}
+
+/// Just a wrapper for implementing `overseer::SubsystemSender<ApprovalDistributionMessage>`, so
+/// that we can inject into the approval voting subsystem.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct ApprovalVotingToApprovalDistribution<S: SubsystemSender<ApprovalVotingParallelMessage>>(
+	S,
+);
+
+impl<S: SubsystemSender<ApprovalVotingParallelMessage>>
+	overseer::SubsystemSender<ApprovalDistributionMessage>
+	for ApprovalVotingToApprovalDistribution<S>
+{
+	#[allow(clippy::type_complexity, clippy::type_repetition_in_bounds)]
+	fn send_message<'life0, 'async_trait>(
+		&'life0 mut self,
+		msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage,
+	) -> ::core::pin::Pin<
+		Box<dyn ::core::future::Future<Output = ()> + ::core::marker::Send + 'async_trait>,
+	>
+	where
+		'life0: 'async_trait,
+		Self: 'async_trait,
+	{
+		self.0.send_message(msg.into())
+	}
+
+	fn try_send_message(
+		&mut self,
+		msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage,
+	) -> Result<(), metered::TrySendError<ApprovalDistributionMessage>> {
+		self.0.try_send_message(msg.into()).map_err(|err| match err {
+			// Safe to unwrap because it was built from the same type.
+			metered::TrySendError::Closed(msg) =>
+				metered::TrySendError::Closed(msg.try_into().unwrap()),
+			metered::TrySendError::Full(msg) =>
+				metered::TrySendError::Full(msg.try_into().unwrap()),
+		})
+	}
+
+	#[allow(clippy::type_complexity, clippy::type_repetition_in_bounds)]
+	fn send_messages<'life0, 'async_trait, I>(
+		&'life0 mut self,
+		msgs: I,
+	) -> ::core::pin::Pin<
+		Box<dyn ::core::future::Future<Output = ()> + ::core::marker::Send + 'async_trait>,
+	>
+	where
+		I: IntoIterator<Item = ApprovalDistributionMessage> + Send,
+		I::IntoIter: Send,
+		I: 'async_trait,
+		'life0: 'async_trait,
+		Self: 'async_trait,
+	{
+		self.0.send_messages(msgs.into_iter().map(|msg| msg.into()))
+	}
+
+	fn send_unbounded_message(&mut self, msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage) {
+		self.0.send_unbounded_message(msg.into())
+	}
+
+	fn send_message_with_priority<'life0, 'async_trait, P>(
+		&'life0 mut self,
+		msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage,
+	) -> ::core::pin::Pin<
+		Box<dyn ::core::future::Future<Output = ()> + ::core::marker::Send + 'async_trait>,
+	>
+	where
+		P: 'async_trait + Priority,
+		'life0: 'async_trait,
+		Self: 'async_trait,
+	{
+		self.0.send_message_with_priority::<P>(msg.into())
+	}
+
+	fn try_send_message_with_priority<P: Priority>(
+		&mut self,
+		msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage,
+	) -> Result<(), metered::TrySendError<ApprovalDistributionMessage>> {
+		self.0.try_send_message_with_priority::<P>(msg.into()).map_err(|err| match err {
+			// Safe to unwrap because it was built from the same type.
+			metered::TrySendError::Closed(msg) =>
+				metered::TrySendError::Closed(msg.try_into().unwrap()),
+			metered::TrySendError::Full(msg) =>
+				metered::TrySendError::Full(msg.try_into().unwrap()),
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/metrics.rs b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/metrics.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1b4ab4bd9b884e8971f7465a2af86676ba9bfe4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/metrics.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Polkadot.
+
+// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! The Metrics for Approval Voting Parallel Subsystem.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use polkadot_node_metrics::{metered::Meter, metrics};
+use polkadot_overseer::prometheus;
+
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+pub struct Metrics(Option<MetricsInner>);
+
+/// Approval Voting parallel metrics.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct MetricsInner {
+	// The inner metrics of the approval distribution workers.
+	approval_distribution: polkadot_approval_distribution::metrics::Metrics,
+	// The inner metrics of the approval voting workers.
+	approval_voting: polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::Metrics,
+
+	// Time of flight metrics for bounded channels.
+	to_worker_bounded_tof: prometheus::HistogramVec,
+	// Number of elements sent to the worker's bounded queue.
+	to_worker_bounded_sent: prometheus::GaugeVec<prometheus::U64>,
+	// Number of elements received by the worker's bounded queue.
+	to_worker_bounded_received: prometheus::GaugeVec<prometheus::U64>,
+	// Number of times senders blocked while sending messages to the worker.
+	to_worker_bounded_blocked: prometheus::GaugeVec<prometheus::U64>,
+	// Time of flight metrics for unbounded channels.
+	to_worker_unbounded_tof: prometheus::HistogramVec,
+	// Number of elements sent to the worker's unbounded queue.
+	to_worker_unbounded_sent: prometheus::GaugeVec<prometheus::U64>,
+	// Number of elements received by the worker's unbounded queue.
+	to_worker_unbounded_received: prometheus::GaugeVec<prometheus::U64>,
+}
+
+impl Metrics {
+	/// Get the approval distribution metrics.
+	pub fn approval_distribution_metrics(
+		&self,
+	) -> polkadot_approval_distribution::metrics::Metrics {
+		self.0
+			.as_ref()
+			.map(|metrics_inner| metrics_inner.approval_distribution.clone())
+			.unwrap_or_default()
+	}
+
+	/// Get the approval voting metrics.
+	pub fn approval_voting_metrics(&self) -> polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::Metrics {
+		self.0
+			.as_ref()
+			.map(|metrics_inner| metrics_inner.approval_voting.clone())
+			.unwrap_or_default()
+	}
+}
+
+impl metrics::Metrics for Metrics {
+	/// Try to register the metrics.
+	fn try_register(
+		registry: &prometheus::Registry,
+	) -> std::result::Result<Self, prometheus::PrometheusError> {
+		Ok(Metrics(Some(MetricsInner {
+			approval_distribution: polkadot_approval_distribution::metrics::Metrics::try_register(
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			approval_voting: polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::Metrics::try_register(registry)?,
+			to_worker_bounded_tof: prometheus::register(
+				prometheus::HistogramVec::new(
+					prometheus::HistogramOpts::new(
+						"polkadot_approval_voting_parallel_worker_bounded_tof",
+						"Duration spent in a particular approval voting worker channel from entrance to removal",
+					)
+					.buckets(vec![
+						0.0001, 0.0004, 0.0016, 0.0064, 0.0256, 0.1024, 0.4096, 1.6384, 3.2768,
+						4.9152, 6.5536,
+					]),
+					&["worker_name"],
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			to_worker_bounded_sent: prometheus::register(
+				prometheus::GaugeVec::<prometheus::U64>::new(
+					prometheus::Opts::new(
+						"polkadot_approval_voting_parallel_worker_bounded_sent",
+						"Number of elements sent to approval voting workers' bounded queues",
+					),
+					&["worker_name"],
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			to_worker_bounded_received: prometheus::register(
+				prometheus::GaugeVec::<prometheus::U64>::new(
+					prometheus::Opts::new(
+						"polkadot_approval_voting_parallel_worker_bounded_received",
+						"Number of elements received by approval voting workers' bounded queues",
+					),
+					&["worker_name"],
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			to_worker_bounded_blocked: prometheus::register(
+				prometheus::GaugeVec::<prometheus::U64>::new(
+					prometheus::Opts::new(
+						"polkadot_approval_voting_parallel_worker_bounded_blocked",
+						"Number of times approval voting workers blocked while sending messages to a subsystem",
+					),
+					&["worker_name"],
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			to_worker_unbounded_tof: prometheus::register(
+				prometheus::HistogramVec::new(
+					prometheus::HistogramOpts::new(
+						"polkadot_approval_voting_parallel_worker_unbounded_tof",
+						"Duration spent in a particular approval voting worker channel from entrance to removal",
+					)
+					.buckets(vec![
+						0.0001, 0.0004, 0.0016, 0.0064, 0.0256, 0.1024, 0.4096, 1.6384, 3.2768,
+						4.9152, 6.5536,
+					]),
+					&["worker_name"],
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			to_worker_unbounded_sent: prometheus::register(
+				prometheus::GaugeVec::<prometheus::U64>::new(
+					prometheus::Opts::new(
+						"polkadot_approval_voting_parallel_worker_unbounded_sent",
+						"Number of elements sent to approval voting workers' unbounded queues",
+					),
+					&["worker_name"],
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			to_worker_unbounded_received: prometheus::register(
+				prometheus::GaugeVec::<prometheus::U64>::new(
+					prometheus::Opts::new(
+						"polkadot_approval_voting_parallel_worker_unbounded_received",
+						"Number of elements received by approval voting workers' unbounded queues",
+					),
+					&["worker_name"],
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+		})))
+	}
+}
+
+/// The meters to watch.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Meters {
+	bounded: Meter,
+	unbounded: Meter,
+}
+
+impl Meters {
+	pub fn new(bounded: &Meter, unbounded: &Meter) -> Self {
+		Self { bounded: bounded.clone(), unbounded: unbounded.clone() }
+	}
+}
+
+/// A metrics watcher that watches the meters and updates the metrics.
+pub struct MetricsWatcher {
+	to_watch: HashMap<String, Meters>,
+	metrics: Metrics,
+}
+
+impl MetricsWatcher {
+	/// Create a new metrics watcher.
+	pub fn new(metrics: Metrics) -> Self {
+		Self { to_watch: HashMap::new(), metrics }
+	}
+
+	/// Watch the meters of a worker with this name.
+	pub fn watch(&mut self, worker_name: String, meters: Meters) {
+		self.to_watch.insert(worker_name, meters);
+	}
+
+	/// Collect all the metrics.
+	pub fn collect_metrics(&self) {
+		for (name, meter) in &self.to_watch {
+			let bounded_readouts = meter.bounded.read();
+			let unbounded_readouts = meter.unbounded.read();
+			if let Some(metrics) = self.metrics.0.as_ref() {
+				metrics
+					.to_worker_bounded_sent
+					.with_label_values(&[name])
+					.set(bounded_readouts.sent as u64);
+
+				metrics
+					.to_worker_bounded_received
+					.with_label_values(&[name])
+					.set(bounded_readouts.received as u64);
+
+				metrics
+					.to_worker_bounded_blocked
+					.with_label_values(&[name])
+					.set(bounded_readouts.blocked as u64);
+
+				metrics
+					.to_worker_unbounded_sent
+					.with_label_values(&[name])
+					.set(unbounded_readouts.sent as u64);
+
+				metrics
+					.to_worker_unbounded_received
+					.with_label_values(&[name])
+					.set(unbounded_readouts.received as u64);
+
+				let hist_bounded = metrics.to_worker_bounded_tof.with_label_values(&[name]);
+				for tof in bounded_readouts.tof {
+					hist_bounded.observe(tof.as_f64());
+				}
+
+				let hist_unbounded = metrics.to_worker_unbounded_tof.with_label_values(&[name]);
+				for tof in unbounded_readouts.tof {
+					hist_unbounded.observe(tof.as_f64());
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..215a707147fcb2de0b61cd05deff980322ce3240
--- /dev/null
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel/src/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,1178 @@
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Polkadot.
+
+// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! The tests for Approval Voting Parallel Subsystem.
+
+use std::{
+	collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+	future::Future,
+	sync::Arc,
+	time::Duration,
+};
+
+use crate::{
+	build_worker_handles, metrics::MetricsWatcher, prio_right, run_main_loop, start_workers,
+	validator_index_for_msg, ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem, Metrics, WorkProvider,
+};
+use assert_matches::assert_matches;
+use futures::{channel::oneshot, future, stream::PollNext, StreamExt};
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::{ApprovalVotingWorkProvider, Config};
+use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{peer_set::ValidationVersion, ObservedRole, PeerId, View};
+use polkadot_node_primitives::approval::{
+	time::SystemClock,
+	v1::{
+		AssignmentCert, AssignmentCertKind, IndirectAssignmentCert, IndirectSignedApprovalVote,
+		RELAY_VRF_MODULO_CONTEXT,
+	},
+	v2::{
+		AssignmentCertKindV2, AssignmentCertV2, CoreBitfield, IndirectAssignmentCertV2,
+		IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2,
+	},
+};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
+	messages::{ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingMessage, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage},
+	FromOrchestra,
+};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::{mock::new_leaf, TestSubsystemContext};
+use polkadot_overseer::{ActiveLeavesUpdate, OverseerSignal, SpawnGlue, TimeoutExt};
+use polkadot_primitives::{CandidateHash, CoreIndex, Hash, ValidatorIndex};
+use sc_keystore::{Keystore, LocalKeystore};
+use sp_consensus::SyncOracle;
+use sp_consensus_babe::{VrfPreOutput, VrfProof, VrfSignature};
+use sp_core::{testing::TaskExecutor, H256};
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
+type VirtualOverseer =
+	polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::TestSubsystemContextHandle<ApprovalVotingParallelMessage>;
+
+const SLOT_DURATION_MILLIS: u64 = 6000;
+
+pub mod test_constants {
+	pub(crate) const DATA_COL: u32 = 0;
+	pub(crate) const NUM_COLUMNS: u32 = 1;
+}
+
+fn fake_assignment_cert(block_hash: Hash, validator: ValidatorIndex) -> IndirectAssignmentCert {
+	let ctx = schnorrkel::signing_context(RELAY_VRF_MODULO_CONTEXT);
+	let msg = b"WhenParachains?";
+	let mut prng = rand_core::OsRng;
+	let keypair = schnorrkel::Keypair::generate_with(&mut prng);
+	let (inout, proof, _) = keypair.vrf_sign(ctx.bytes(msg));
+	let preout = inout.to_preout();
+
+	IndirectAssignmentCert {
+		block_hash,
+		validator,
+		cert: AssignmentCert {
+			kind: AssignmentCertKind::RelayVRFModulo { sample: 1 },
+			vrf: VrfSignature { pre_output: VrfPreOutput(preout), proof: VrfProof(proof) },
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+fn fake_assignment_cert_v2(
+	block_hash: Hash,
+	validator: ValidatorIndex,
+	core_bitfield: CoreBitfield,
+) -> IndirectAssignmentCertV2 {
+	let ctx = schnorrkel::signing_context(RELAY_VRF_MODULO_CONTEXT);
+	let msg = b"WhenParachains?";
+	let mut prng = rand_core::OsRng;
+	let keypair = schnorrkel::Keypair::generate_with(&mut prng);
+	let (inout, proof, _) = keypair.vrf_sign(ctx.bytes(msg));
+	let preout = inout.to_preout();
+
+	IndirectAssignmentCertV2 {
+		block_hash,
+		validator,
+		cert: AssignmentCertV2 {
+			kind: AssignmentCertKindV2::RelayVRFModuloCompact { core_bitfield },
+			vrf: VrfSignature { pre_output: VrfPreOutput(preout), proof: VrfProof(proof) },
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+/// Creates a meaningless signature
+pub fn dummy_signature() -> polkadot_primitives::ValidatorSignature {
+	sp_core::crypto::UncheckedFrom::unchecked_from([1u8; 64])
+}
+
+fn build_subsystem(
+	sync_oracle: Box<dyn SyncOracle + Send>,
+) -> (
+	ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem,
+	TestSubsystemContext<ApprovalVotingParallelMessage, SpawnGlue<TaskExecutor>>,
+	VirtualOverseer,
+) {
+	sp_tracing::init_for_tests();
+
+	let pool = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
+	let (context, virtual_overseer) = polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::make_subsystem_context::<
+		ApprovalVotingParallelMessage,
+		_,
+	>(pool.clone());
+
+	let keystore = LocalKeystore::in_memory();
+	let _ = keystore.sr25519_generate_new(
+		polkadot_primitives::PARACHAIN_KEY_TYPE_ID,
+		Some(&Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_seed()),
+	);
+
+	let clock = Arc::new(SystemClock {});
+	let db = kvdb_memorydb::create(test_constants::NUM_COLUMNS);
+	let db = polkadot_node_subsystem_util::database::kvdb_impl::DbAdapter::new(db, &[]);
+
+	(
+		ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem::with_config_and_clock(
+			Config {
+				col_approval_data: test_constants::DATA_COL,
+				slot_duration_millis: SLOT_DURATION_MILLIS,
+			},
+			Arc::new(db),
+			Arc::new(keystore),
+			sync_oracle,
+			Metrics::default(),
+			clock.clone(),
+			SpawnGlue(pool),
+			None,
+		),
+		context,
+		virtual_overseer,
+	)
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct TestSyncOracle {}
+
+impl SyncOracle for TestSyncOracle {
+	fn is_major_syncing(&self) -> bool {
+		false
+	}
+
+	fn is_offline(&self) -> bool {
+		unimplemented!("not used in network bridge")
+	}
+}
+
+fn test_harness<T, Clos, State>(
+	num_approval_distro_workers: usize,
+	prio_right: Clos,
+	subsystem_gracefully_exits: bool,
+	test_fn: impl FnOnce(
+		VirtualOverseer,
+		WorkProvider<ApprovalVotingMessage, Clos, State>,
+		Vec<WorkProvider<ApprovalDistributionMessage, Clos, State>>,
+	) -> T,
+) where
+	T: Future<Output = VirtualOverseer>,
+	Clos: Clone + FnMut(&mut State) -> PollNext,
+	State: Default,
+{
+	let (subsystem, context, virtual_overseer) = build_subsystem(Box::new(TestSyncOracle {}));
+	let mut metrics_watcher = MetricsWatcher::new(subsystem.metrics.clone());
+	let channel_size = 5;
+
+	let (to_approval_voting_worker, approval_voting_work_provider) =
+		build_worker_handles::<ApprovalVotingMessage, _, _>(
+			"to_approval_voting_worker".into(),
+			channel_size,
+			&mut metrics_watcher,
+			prio_right.clone(),
+		);
+
+	let approval_distribution_channels = { 0..num_approval_distro_workers }
+		.into_iter()
+		.map(|worker_index| {
+			build_worker_handles::<ApprovalDistributionMessage, _, _>(
+				format!("to_approval_distro/{}", worker_index),
+				channel_size,
+				&mut metrics_watcher,
+				prio_right.clone(),
+			)
+		})
+		.collect_vec();
+
+	let to_approval_distribution_workers =
+		approval_distribution_channels.iter().map(|(tx, _)| tx.clone()).collect_vec();
+	let approval_distribution_work_providers =
+		approval_distribution_channels.into_iter().map(|(_, rx)| rx).collect_vec();
+
+	let subsystem = async move {
+		let result = run_main_loop(
+			context,
+			to_approval_voting_worker,
+			to_approval_distribution_workers,
+			metrics_watcher,
+		)
+		.await;
+
+		if subsystem_gracefully_exits && result.is_err() {
+			result
+		} else {
+			Ok(())
+		}
+	};
+
+	let test_fut = test_fn(
+		virtual_overseer,
+		approval_voting_work_provider,
+		approval_distribution_work_providers,
+	);
+
+	futures::pin_mut!(test_fut);
+	futures::pin_mut!(subsystem);
+
+	futures::executor::block_on(future::join(
+		async move {
+			let _overseer = test_fut.await;
+		},
+		subsystem,
+	))
+	.1
+	.unwrap();
+}
+
+const TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_millis(2000);
+
+async fn overseer_signal(overseer: &mut VirtualOverseer, signal: OverseerSignal) {
+	overseer
+		.send(FromOrchestra::Signal(signal))
+		.timeout(TIMEOUT)
+		.await
+		.expect(&format!("{:?} is more than enough for sending signals.", TIMEOUT));
+}
+
+async fn overseer_message(overseer: &mut VirtualOverseer, msg: ApprovalVotingParallelMessage) {
+	overseer
+		.send(FromOrchestra::Communication { msg })
+		.timeout(TIMEOUT)
+		.await
+		.expect(&format!("{:?} is more than enough for sending signals.", TIMEOUT));
+}
+
+async fn run_start_workers() {
+	let (subsystem, mut context, _) = build_subsystem(Box::new(TestSyncOracle {}));
+	let mut metrics_watcher = MetricsWatcher::new(subsystem.metrics.clone());
+	let _workers = start_workers(&mut context, subsystem, &mut metrics_watcher).await.unwrap();
+}
+
+// Test starting the workers succeeds.
+#[test]
+fn start_workers_succeeds() {
+	futures::executor::block_on(run_start_workers());
+}
+
+// Test main loop forwards messages to the correct worker for all type of messages.
+#[test]
+fn test_main_loop_forwards_correctly() {
+	let num_approval_distro_workers = 4;
+	test_harness(
+		num_approval_distro_workers,
+		prio_right,
+		true,
+		|mut overseer, mut approval_voting_work_provider, mut rx_approval_distribution_workers| async move {
+			// 1. Check Signals are correctly forwarded to the workers.
+			let signal = OverseerSignal::ActiveLeaves(ActiveLeavesUpdate::start_work(new_leaf(
+				Hash::random(),
+				1,
+			)));
+			overseer_signal(&mut overseer, signal.clone()).await;
+			let approval_voting_receives = approval_voting_work_provider.recv().await.unwrap();
+			assert_matches!(approval_voting_receives, FromOrchestra::Signal(_));
+			for rx_approval_distribution_worker in rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+				let approval_distribution_receives =
+					rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap();
+				assert_matches!(approval_distribution_receives, FromOrchestra::Signal(_));
+			}
+
+			let (test_tx, _rx) = oneshot::channel();
+			let test_hash = Hash::random();
+			let test_block_nr = 2;
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovedAncestor(test_hash, test_block_nr, test_tx),
+			)
+			.await;
+			assert_matches!(
+				approval_voting_work_provider.recv().await.unwrap(),
+				FromOrchestra::Communication {
+					msg: ApprovalVotingMessage::ApprovedAncestor(hash, block_nr, _)
+				} => {
+					assert_eq!(hash, test_hash);
+					assert_eq!(block_nr, test_block_nr);
+				}
+			);
+			for rx_approval_distribution_worker in rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+				assert!(rx_approval_distribution_worker
+					.next()
+					.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+					.await
+					.is_none());
+			}
+
+			// 2. Check GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate is correctly forwarded to the workers.
+			let (test_tx, _rx) = oneshot::channel();
+			let test_hash = CandidateHash(Hash::random());
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(
+					test_hash, test_tx,
+				),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			assert_matches!(
+				approval_voting_work_provider.recv().await.unwrap(),
+				FromOrchestra::Communication {
+					msg: ApprovalVotingMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(hash, _)
+				} => {
+					assert_eq!(hash, test_hash);
+				}
+			);
+
+			for rx_approval_distribution_worker in rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+				assert!(rx_approval_distribution_worker
+					.next()
+					.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+					.await
+					.is_none());
+			}
+
+			// 3. Check NewBlocks is correctly forwarded to the workers.
+			overseer_message(&mut overseer, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NewBlocks(vec![])).await;
+			for rx_approval_distribution_worker in rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+				assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+					FromOrchestra::Communication {
+						msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::NewBlocks(blocks)
+					} => {
+						assert!(blocks.is_empty());
+					}
+				);
+			}
+			assert!(approval_voting_work_provider
+				.recv()
+				.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+				.await
+				.is_none());
+
+			// 4. Check DistributeAssignment is correctly forwarded to the workers.
+			let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(17);
+			let assignment =
+				fake_assignment_cert_v2(Hash::random(), validator_index, CoreIndex(1).into());
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeAssignment(assignment.clone(), 1.into()),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			for (index, rx_approval_distribution_worker) in
+				rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut().enumerate()
+			{
+				if index == validator_index.0 as usize % num_approval_distro_workers {
+					assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+						FromOrchestra::Communication {
+							msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeAssignment(cert, bitfield)
+						} => {
+							assert_eq!(cert, assignment);
+							assert_eq!(bitfield, 1.into());
+						}
+					);
+				} else {
+					assert!(rx_approval_distribution_worker
+						.next()
+						.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+						.await
+						.is_none());
+				}
+			}
+			assert!(approval_voting_work_provider
+				.recv()
+				.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+				.await
+				.is_none());
+
+			// 5. Check DistributeApproval is correctly forwarded to the workers.
+			let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(26);
+			let expected_vote = IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+				block_hash: H256::random(),
+				candidate_indices: 1.into(),
+				validator: validator_index,
+				signature: dummy_signature(),
+			};
+
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeApproval(expected_vote.clone()),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			for (index, rx_approval_distribution_worker) in
+				rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut().enumerate()
+			{
+				if index == validator_index.0 as usize % num_approval_distro_workers {
+					assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+						FromOrchestra::Communication {
+							msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeApproval(vote)
+						} => {
+							assert_eq!(vote, expected_vote);
+						}
+					);
+				} else {
+					assert!(rx_approval_distribution_worker
+						.next()
+						.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+						.await
+						.is_none());
+				}
+			}
+
+			// 6. Check NetworkBridgeUpdate::PeerMessage is correctly forwarded just to one of the
+			//    workers.
+			let approvals = vec![
+				IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+					block_hash: H256::random(),
+					candidate_indices: 1.into(),
+					validator: validator_index,
+					signature: dummy_signature(),
+				},
+				IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+					block_hash: H256::random(),
+					candidate_indices: 2.into(),
+					validator: validator_index,
+					signature: dummy_signature(),
+				},
+			];
+			let expected_msg = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+				polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+					approvals.clone(),
+				),
+			);
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+					polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(
+						PeerId::random(),
+						expected_msg.clone(),
+					),
+				),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			for (index, rx_approval_distribution_worker) in
+				rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut().enumerate()
+			{
+				if index == validator_index.0 as usize % num_approval_distro_workers {
+					assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+						FromOrchestra::Communication {
+							msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+								polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(
+									_,
+									msg,
+								),
+							)
+						} => {
+							assert_eq!(msg, expected_msg);
+						}
+					);
+				} else {
+					assert!(rx_approval_distribution_worker
+						.next()
+						.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+						.await
+						.is_none());
+				}
+			}
+			assert!(approval_voting_work_provider
+				.recv()
+				.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+				.await
+				.is_none());
+
+			assert!(approval_voting_work_provider
+				.recv()
+				.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+				.await
+				.is_none());
+
+			// 7. Check NetworkBridgeUpdate::PeerConnected is correctly forwarded to all workers.
+			let expected_peer_id = PeerId::random();
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+					polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerConnected(
+						expected_peer_id,
+						ObservedRole::Authority,
+						ValidationVersion::V3.into(),
+						None,
+					),
+				),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			for rx_approval_distribution_worker in rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+				assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+					FromOrchestra::Communication {
+						msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+							polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerConnected(
+								peer_id,
+								role,
+								version,
+								authority_id,
+							),
+						)
+					} => {
+						assert_eq!(peer_id, expected_peer_id);
+						assert_eq!(role, ObservedRole::Authority);
+						assert_eq!(version, ValidationVersion::V3.into());
+						assert_eq!(authority_id, None);
+					}
+				);
+			}
+			assert!(approval_voting_work_provider
+				.recv()
+				.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+				.await
+				.is_none());
+
+			// 8. Check ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate is correctly forwarded to all workers.
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(7),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			for rx_approval_distribution_worker in rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut() {
+				assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+					FromOrchestra::Communication {
+						msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(
+							lag
+						)
+					} => {
+						assert_eq!(lag, 7);
+					}
+				);
+			}
+			assert!(approval_voting_work_provider
+				.recv()
+				.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+				.await
+				.is_none());
+
+			overseer_signal(&mut overseer, OverseerSignal::Conclude).await;
+
+			overseer
+		},
+	);
+}
+
+/// Test GetApprovalSignatures correctly gatheres the signatures from all workers.
+#[test]
+fn test_handle_get_approval_signatures() {
+	let num_approval_distro_workers = 4;
+
+	test_harness(
+		num_approval_distro_workers,
+		prio_right,
+		true,
+		|mut overseer, mut approval_voting_work_provider, mut rx_approval_distribution_workers| async move {
+			let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+			let first_block = Hash::random();
+			let second_block = Hash::random();
+			let expected_candidates: HashSet<_> =
+				vec![(first_block, 2), (second_block, 3)].into_iter().collect();
+
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(
+					expected_candidates.clone(),
+					tx,
+				),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			assert!(approval_voting_work_provider
+				.recv()
+				.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+				.await
+				.is_none());
+			let mut all_votes = HashMap::new();
+			for (index, rx_approval_distribution_worker) in
+				rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut().enumerate()
+			{
+				assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+					FromOrchestra::Communication {
+						msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(
+							candidates, tx
+						)
+					} => {
+						assert_eq!(candidates, expected_candidates);
+						let to_send: HashMap<_, _> = {0..10}.into_iter().map(|validator| {
+							let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(validator as u32 * num_approval_distro_workers as u32 + index as u32);
+							(validator_index, (first_block, vec![2, 4], dummy_signature()))
+						}).collect();
+						tx.send(to_send.clone()).unwrap();
+						all_votes.extend(to_send.clone());
+
+					}
+				);
+			}
+
+			let received_votes = rx.await.unwrap();
+			assert_eq!(received_votes, all_votes);
+			overseer_signal(&mut overseer, OverseerSignal::Conclude).await;
+
+			overseer
+		},
+	)
+}
+
+/// Test subsystem exits with error when approval_voting_work_provider exits.
+#[test]
+fn test_subsystem_exits_with_error_if_approval_voting_worker_errors() {
+	let num_approval_distro_workers = 4;
+
+	test_harness(
+		num_approval_distro_workers,
+		prio_right,
+		false,
+		|overseer, approval_voting_work_provider, _rx_approval_distribution_workers| async move {
+			// Drop the approval_voting_work_provider to simulate an error.
+			std::mem::drop(approval_voting_work_provider);
+
+			overseer
+		},
+	)
+}
+
+/// Test subsystem exits with error when approval_distribution_workers exits.
+#[test]
+fn test_subsystem_exits_with_error_if_approval_distribution_worker_errors() {
+	let num_approval_distro_workers = 4;
+
+	test_harness(
+		num_approval_distro_workers,
+		prio_right,
+		false,
+		|overseer, _approval_voting_work_provider, rx_approval_distribution_workers| async move {
+			// Drop the approval_distribution_workers to simulate an error.
+			std::mem::drop(rx_approval_distribution_workers.into_iter().next().unwrap());
+			overseer
+		},
+	)
+}
+
+/// Test signals sent before messages are processed in order.
+#[test]
+fn test_signal_before_message_keeps_receive_order() {
+	let num_approval_distro_workers = 4;
+
+	test_harness(
+		num_approval_distro_workers,
+		prio_right,
+		true,
+		|mut overseer, mut approval_voting_work_provider, mut rx_approval_distribution_workers| async move {
+			let signal = OverseerSignal::ActiveLeaves(ActiveLeavesUpdate::start_work(new_leaf(
+				Hash::random(),
+				1,
+			)));
+			overseer_signal(&mut overseer, signal.clone()).await;
+
+			let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(17);
+			let assignment =
+				fake_assignment_cert_v2(Hash::random(), validator_index, CoreIndex(1).into());
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeAssignment(assignment.clone(), 1.into()),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			let approval_voting_receives = approval_voting_work_provider.recv().await.unwrap();
+			assert_matches!(approval_voting_receives, FromOrchestra::Signal(_));
+			let rx_approval_distribution_worker = rx_approval_distribution_workers
+				.get_mut(validator_index.0 as usize % num_approval_distro_workers)
+				.unwrap();
+			let approval_distribution_receives =
+				rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap();
+			assert_matches!(approval_distribution_receives, FromOrchestra::Signal(_));
+			assert_matches!(
+				rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+				FromOrchestra::Communication {
+					msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeAssignment(_, _)
+				}
+			);
+
+			overseer_signal(&mut overseer, OverseerSignal::Conclude).await;
+			overseer
+		},
+	)
+}
+
+/// Test signals sent after messages are processed with the highest priority.
+#[test]
+fn test_signal_is_prioritized_when_unread_messages_in_the_queue() {
+	let num_approval_distro_workers = 4;
+
+	test_harness(
+		num_approval_distro_workers,
+		prio_right,
+		true,
+		|mut overseer, mut approval_voting_work_provider, mut rx_approval_distribution_workers| async move {
+			let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(17);
+			let assignment =
+				fake_assignment_cert_v2(Hash::random(), validator_index, CoreIndex(1).into());
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeAssignment(assignment.clone(), 1.into()),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			let signal = OverseerSignal::ActiveLeaves(ActiveLeavesUpdate::start_work(new_leaf(
+				Hash::random(),
+				1,
+			)));
+			overseer_signal(&mut overseer, signal.clone()).await;
+
+			let approval_voting_receives = approval_voting_work_provider.recv().await.unwrap();
+			assert_matches!(approval_voting_receives, FromOrchestra::Signal(_));
+			let rx_approval_distribution_worker = rx_approval_distribution_workers
+				.get_mut(validator_index.0 as usize % num_approval_distro_workers)
+				.unwrap();
+			let approval_distribution_receives =
+				rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap();
+			assert_matches!(approval_distribution_receives, FromOrchestra::Signal(_));
+			assert_matches!(
+				rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+				FromOrchestra::Communication {
+					msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeAssignment(_, _)
+				}
+			);
+
+			overseer_signal(&mut overseer, OverseerSignal::Conclude).await;
+			overseer
+		},
+	)
+}
+
+/// Test peer view updates have higher priority than normal messages.
+#[test]
+fn test_peer_view_is_prioritized_when_unread_messages_in_the_queue() {
+	let num_approval_distro_workers = 4;
+
+	test_harness(
+		num_approval_distro_workers,
+		prio_right,
+		true,
+		|mut overseer, mut approval_voting_work_provider, mut rx_approval_distribution_workers| async move {
+			let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(17);
+			let approvals = vec![
+				IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+					block_hash: H256::random(),
+					candidate_indices: 1.into(),
+					validator: validator_index,
+					signature: dummy_signature(),
+				},
+				IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+					block_hash: H256::random(),
+					candidate_indices: 2.into(),
+					validator: validator_index,
+					signature: dummy_signature(),
+				},
+			];
+			let expected_msg = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+				polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+					approvals.clone(),
+				),
+			);
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+					polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(
+						PeerId::random(),
+						expected_msg.clone(),
+					),
+				),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			overseer_message(
+				&mut overseer,
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+					polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerViewChange(
+						PeerId::random(),
+						View::default(),
+					),
+				),
+			)
+			.await;
+
+			for (index, rx_approval_distribution_worker) in
+				rx_approval_distribution_workers.iter_mut().enumerate()
+			{
+				assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+					FromOrchestra::Communication {
+						msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+							polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerViewChange(
+								_,
+								_,
+							),
+						)
+					} => {
+					}
+				);
+				if index == validator_index.0 as usize % num_approval_distro_workers {
+					assert_matches!(rx_approval_distribution_worker.next().await.unwrap(),
+						FromOrchestra::Communication {
+							msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+								polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(
+									_,
+									msg,
+								),
+							)
+						} => {
+							assert_eq!(msg, expected_msg);
+						}
+					);
+				} else {
+					assert!(rx_approval_distribution_worker
+						.next()
+						.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+						.await
+						.is_none());
+				}
+			}
+
+			assert!(approval_voting_work_provider
+				.recv()
+				.timeout(Duration::from_millis(200))
+				.await
+				.is_none());
+
+			overseer_signal(&mut overseer, OverseerSignal::Conclude).await;
+			overseer
+		},
+	)
+}
+
+// Test validator_index_for_msg with empty messages.
+#[test]
+fn test_validator_index_with_empty_message() {
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(vec![]),
+	));
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (None, Some(vec![])));
+
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(vec![]),
+	));
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (None, Some(vec![])));
+
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(vec![]),
+	));
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (None, Some(vec![])));
+
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(vec![]),
+	));
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (None, Some(vec![])));
+
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(vec![]),
+	));
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (None, Some(vec![])));
+
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(vec![]),
+	));
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (None, Some(vec![])));
+}
+
+// Test validator_index_for_msg when all the messages are originating from the same validator.
+#[test]
+fn test_validator_index_with_all_messages_from_the_same_validator() {
+	let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(3);
+	let v1_assignment = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(vec![
+			(fake_assignment_cert(H256::random(), validator_index), 1),
+			(fake_assignment_cert(H256::random(), validator_index), 3),
+		]),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v1_assignment.clone());
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (Some((validator_index, v1_assignment)), None));
+
+	let v1_approval = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(vec![
+			IndirectSignedApprovalVote {
+				block_hash: H256::random(),
+				candidate_index: 1,
+				validator: validator_index,
+				signature: dummy_signature(),
+			},
+			IndirectSignedApprovalVote {
+				block_hash: H256::random(),
+				candidate_index: 1,
+				validator: validator_index,
+				signature: dummy_signature(),
+			},
+		]),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v1_approval.clone());
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (Some((validator_index, v1_approval)), None));
+
+	let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(3);
+	let v2_assignment = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(vec![
+			(fake_assignment_cert(H256::random(), validator_index), 1),
+			(fake_assignment_cert(H256::random(), validator_index), 3),
+		]),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v2_assignment.clone());
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (Some((validator_index, v2_assignment)), None));
+
+	let v2_approval = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(vec![
+			IndirectSignedApprovalVote {
+				block_hash: H256::random(),
+				candidate_index: 1,
+				validator: validator_index,
+				signature: dummy_signature(),
+			},
+			IndirectSignedApprovalVote {
+				block_hash: H256::random(),
+				candidate_index: 1,
+				validator: validator_index,
+				signature: dummy_signature(),
+			},
+		]),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v2_approval.clone());
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (Some((validator_index, v2_approval)), None));
+
+	let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(3);
+	let v3_assignment = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(vec![
+			(
+				fake_assignment_cert_v2(H256::random(), validator_index, CoreIndex(1).into()),
+				1.into(),
+			),
+			(
+				fake_assignment_cert_v2(H256::random(), validator_index, CoreIndex(3).into()),
+				3.into(),
+			),
+		]),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v3_assignment.clone());
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (Some((validator_index, v3_assignment)), None));
+
+	let v3_approval = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(vec![
+			IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+				block_hash: H256::random(),
+				candidate_indices: 1.into(),
+				validator: validator_index,
+				signature: dummy_signature(),
+			},
+			IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+				block_hash: H256::random(),
+				candidate_indices: 1.into(),
+				validator: validator_index,
+				signature: dummy_signature(),
+			},
+		]),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v3_approval.clone());
+
+	assert_eq!(result, (Some((validator_index, v3_approval)), None));
+}
+
+// Test validator_index_for_msg when all the messages are originating from different validators,
+// so the function should split them by validator index, so we can forward them separately to the
+// worker they are assigned to.
+#[test]
+fn test_validator_index_with_messages_from_different_validators() {
+	let first_validator_index = ValidatorIndex(3);
+	let second_validator_index = ValidatorIndex(4);
+	let assignments = vec![
+		(fake_assignment_cert(H256::random(), first_validator_index), 1),
+		(fake_assignment_cert(H256::random(), second_validator_index), 3),
+	];
+	let v1_assignment = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+			assignments.clone(),
+		),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v1_assignment.clone());
+
+	assert_matches!(result, (None, Some(_)));
+	let messsages_split_by_validator = result.1.unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(messsages_split_by_validator.len(), assignments.len());
+	for (index, (validator_index, message)) in messsages_split_by_validator.into_iter().enumerate()
+	{
+		assert_eq!(validator_index, assignments[index].0.validator);
+		assert_eq!(
+			message,
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V1(
+				polkadot_node_network_protocol::v1::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+					assignments.get(index).into_iter().cloned().collect(),
+				),
+			)
+		);
+	}
+
+	let v2_assignment = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+			assignments.clone(),
+		),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v2_assignment.clone());
+
+	assert_matches!(result, (None, Some(_)));
+	let messsages_split_by_validator = result.1.unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(messsages_split_by_validator.len(), assignments.len());
+	for (index, (validator_index, message)) in messsages_split_by_validator.into_iter().enumerate()
+	{
+		assert_eq!(validator_index, assignments[index].0.validator);
+		assert_eq!(
+			message,
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+				polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+					assignments.get(index).into_iter().cloned().collect(),
+				),
+			)
+		);
+	}
+
+	let first_validator_index = ValidatorIndex(3);
+	let second_validator_index = ValidatorIndex(4);
+	let v2_assignments = vec![
+		(
+			fake_assignment_cert_v2(H256::random(), first_validator_index, CoreIndex(1).into()),
+			1.into(),
+		),
+		(
+			fake_assignment_cert_v2(H256::random(), second_validator_index, CoreIndex(3).into()),
+			3.into(),
+		),
+	];
+
+	let approvals = vec![
+		IndirectSignedApprovalVote {
+			block_hash: H256::random(),
+			candidate_index: 1,
+			validator: first_validator_index,
+			signature: dummy_signature(),
+		},
+		IndirectSignedApprovalVote {
+			block_hash: H256::random(),
+			candidate_index: 2,
+			validator: second_validator_index,
+			signature: dummy_signature(),
+		},
+	];
+	let v2_approvals = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+			approvals.clone(),
+		),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v2_approvals.clone());
+
+	assert_matches!(result, (None, Some(_)));
+	let messsages_split_by_validator = result.1.unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(messsages_split_by_validator.len(), approvals.len());
+	for (index, (validator_index, message)) in messsages_split_by_validator.into_iter().enumerate()
+	{
+		assert_eq!(validator_index, approvals[index].validator);
+		assert_eq!(
+			message,
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V2(
+				polkadot_node_network_protocol::v2::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+					approvals.get(index).into_iter().cloned().collect(),
+				),
+			)
+		);
+	}
+
+	let v3_assignment = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+			v2_assignments.clone(),
+		),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v3_assignment.clone());
+
+	assert_matches!(result, (None, Some(_)));
+	let messsages_split_by_validator = result.1.unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(messsages_split_by_validator.len(), v2_assignments.len());
+	for (index, (validator_index, message)) in messsages_split_by_validator.into_iter().enumerate()
+	{
+		assert_eq!(validator_index, v2_assignments[index].0.validator);
+		assert_eq!(
+			message,
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+				polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(
+					v2_assignments.get(index).into_iter().cloned().collect(),
+				),
+			)
+		);
+	}
+
+	let approvals = vec![
+		IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+			block_hash: H256::random(),
+			candidate_indices: 1.into(),
+			validator: first_validator_index,
+			signature: dummy_signature(),
+		},
+		IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2 {
+			block_hash: H256::random(),
+			candidate_indices: 2.into(),
+			validator: second_validator_index,
+			signature: dummy_signature(),
+		},
+	];
+	let v3_approvals = polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+		polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+			approvals.clone(),
+		),
+	);
+	let result = validator_index_for_msg(v3_approvals.clone());
+
+	assert_matches!(result, (None, Some(_)));
+	let messsages_split_by_validator = result.1.unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(messsages_split_by_validator.len(), approvals.len());
+	for (index, (validator_index, message)) in messsages_split_by_validator.into_iter().enumerate()
+	{
+		assert_eq!(validator_index, approvals[index].validator);
+		assert_eq!(
+			message,
+			polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(
+				polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Approvals(
+					approvals.get(index).into_iter().cloned().collect(),
+				),
+			)
+		);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/Cargo.toml
index 63e05d37180ff4d1c528a7f2ac273889db88e608..f9754d2babc909e1dacfe3b81e3d2a3009939b8e 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/Cargo.toml
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ polkadot-node-subsystem-util = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-overseer = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-node-jaeger = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 sc-keystore = { workspace = true }
 sp-consensus = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/benches/approval-voting-regression-bench.rs b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/benches/approval-voting-regression-bench.rs
index 0b03f1127ee812ec303230562a166f4d8b185fd5..e202d1ee229d405627478265af1b1eb77462b8a9 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/benches/approval-voting-regression-bench.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/benches/approval-voting-regression-bench.rs
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), String> {
 		stop_when_approved: false,
 		workdir_prefix: "/tmp".to_string(),
 		num_no_shows_per_candidate: 0,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled: true,
 	};
 
 	println!("Benchmarking...");
@@ -82,8 +83,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), String> {
 		("Sent to peers", 63995.2200, 0.01),
 	]));
 	messages.extend(average_usage.check_cpu_usage(&[
-		("approval-distribution", 12.2736, 0.1),
-		("approval-voting", 2.7174, 0.1),
+		("approval-distribution", 0.1, 0.1),
+		("approval-voting", 0.1, 0.1),
+		("approval-voting-parallel", 18.0758, 0.1),
 	]));
 
 	if messages.is_empty() {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/import.rs b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/import.rs
index de7c068c0b7d71f37b2170806c58a5059512cc69..be7b3103ab135f91a25f6ce998e982569e67322c 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/import.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/import.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 //!
 //! We maintain a rolling window of session indices. This starts as empty
 
-use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{
 	approval::{
 		self as approval_types,
@@ -321,7 +320,6 @@ pub struct BlockImportedCandidates {
 	pub block_hash: Hash,
 	pub block_number: BlockNumber,
 	pub block_tick: Tick,
-	pub no_show_duration: Tick,
 	pub imported_candidates: Vec<(CandidateHash, CandidateEntry)>,
 }
 
@@ -350,13 +348,6 @@ pub(crate) async fn handle_new_head<
 	finalized_number: &Option<BlockNumber>,
 ) -> SubsystemResult<Vec<BlockImportedCandidates>> {
 	const MAX_HEADS_LOOK_BACK: BlockNumber = MAX_FINALITY_LAG;
-	let _handle_new_head_span = state
-		.spans
-		.get(&head)
-		.map(|span| span.child("handle-new-head"))
-		.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(head, "handle-new-head"))
-		.with_string_tag("head", format!("{:?}", head))
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
 
 	let header = {
 		let (h_tx, h_rx) = oneshot::channel();
@@ -470,14 +461,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn handle_new_head<
 				None => return Ok(Vec::new()),
 			};
 
-		let (block_tick, no_show_duration) = {
-			let block_tick = slot_number_to_tick(state.slot_duration_millis, slot);
-			let no_show_duration = slot_number_to_tick(
-				state.slot_duration_millis,
-				Slot::from(u64::from(session_info.no_show_slots)),
-			);
-			(block_tick, no_show_duration)
-		};
+		let block_tick = slot_number_to_tick(state.slot_duration_millis, slot);
 
 		let needed_approvals = session_info.needed_approvals;
 		let validator_group_lens: Vec<usize> =
@@ -596,7 +580,6 @@ pub(crate) async fn handle_new_head<
 			block_hash,
 			block_number: block_header.number,
 			block_tick,
-			no_show_duration,
 			imported_candidates: candidate_entries
 				.into_iter()
 				.map(|(h, e)| (h, e.into()))
@@ -676,7 +659,6 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			slot_duration_millis: 6_000,
 			clock: Arc::new(MockClock::default()),
 			assignment_criteria: Box::new(MockAssignmentCriteria::default()),
-			spans: HashMap::new(),
 			per_block_assignments_gathering_times: LruMap::new(ByLength::new(
 				MAX_BLOCKS_WITH_ASSIGNMENT_TIMESTAMPS,
 			)),
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/lib.rs
index 314cbcda26c0cbbc2866ef63f5a49c0866089ff2..2176cc7675beb972b6e323e1341e23a461a32620 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/lib.rs
@@ -21,9 +21,6 @@
 //! of others. It uses this information to determine when candidates and blocks have
 //! been sufficiently approved to finalize.
 
-use itertools::Itertools;
-use jaeger::{hash_to_trace_identifier, PerLeafSpan};
-use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{
 	approval::{
 		v1::{BlockApprovalMeta, DelayTranche},
@@ -41,7 +38,7 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 		ApprovalVotingMessage, AssignmentCheckError, AssignmentCheckResult,
 		AvailabilityRecoveryMessage, BlockDescription, CandidateValidationMessage, ChainApiMessage,
 		ChainSelectionMessage, CheckedIndirectAssignment, CheckedIndirectSignedApprovalVote,
-		DisputeCoordinatorMessage, HighestApprovedAncestorBlock, RuntimeApiMessage,
+		DisputeCoordinatorMessage, HighestApprovedAncestorBlock, PvfExecKind, RuntimeApiMessage,
 		RuntimeApiRequest,
 	},
 	overseer, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError, SubsystemResult,
@@ -57,8 +54,8 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	vstaging::CandidateReceiptV2 as CandidateReceipt, ApprovalVoteMultipleCandidates,
 	ApprovalVotingParams, BlockNumber, CandidateHash, CandidateIndex, CoreIndex, ExecutorParams,
-	GroupIndex, Hash, PvfExecKind, SessionIndex, SessionInfo, ValidatorId, ValidatorIndex,
-	ValidatorPair, ValidatorSignature,
+	GroupIndex, Hash, SessionIndex, SessionInfo, ValidatorId, ValidatorIndex, ValidatorPair,
+	ValidatorSignature,
 };
 use sc_keystore::LocalKeystore;
 use sp_application_crypto::Pair;
@@ -635,11 +632,7 @@ impl Wakeups {
 		self.wakeups.entry(tick).or_default().push((block_hash, candidate_hash));
 	}
 
-	fn prune_finalized_wakeups(
-		&mut self,
-		finalized_number: BlockNumber,
-		spans: &mut HashMap<Hash, PerLeafSpan>,
-	) {
+	fn prune_finalized_wakeups(&mut self, finalized_number: BlockNumber) {
 		let after = self.block_numbers.split_off(&(finalized_number + 1));
 		let pruned_blocks: HashSet<_> = std::mem::replace(&mut self.block_numbers, after)
 			.into_iter()
@@ -663,9 +656,6 @@ impl Wakeups {
 				}
 			}
 		}
-
-		// Remove all spans that are associated with pruned blocks.
-		spans.retain(|h, _| !pruned_blocks.contains(h));
 	}
 
 	// Get the wakeup for a particular block/candidate combo, if any.
@@ -842,7 +832,6 @@ struct State {
 	slot_duration_millis: u64,
 	clock: Arc<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
 	assignment_criteria: Box<dyn AssignmentCriteria + Send + Sync>,
-	spans: HashMap<Hash, jaeger::PerLeafSpan>,
 	// Per block, candidate records about how long we take until we gather enough
 	// assignments, this is relevant because it gives us a good idea about how many
 	// tranches we trigger and why.
@@ -1204,7 +1193,6 @@ where
 		slot_duration_millis: subsystem.slot_duration_millis,
 		clock: subsystem.clock,
 		assignment_criteria,
-		spans: HashMap::new(),
 		per_block_assignments_gathering_times: LruMap::new(ByLength::new(
 			MAX_BLOCKS_WITH_ASSIGNMENT_TIMESTAMPS,
 		)),
@@ -1526,18 +1514,8 @@ async fn handle_actions<
 					continue
 				}
 
-				let mut launch_approval_span = state
-					.spans
-					.get(&relay_block_hash)
-					.map(|span| span.child("launch-approval"))
-					.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(candidate_hash, "launch-approval"))
-					.with_trace_id(candidate_hash)
-					.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-					.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
-
 				metrics.on_assignment_produced(assignment_tranche);
 				let block_hash = indirect_cert.block_hash;
-				launch_approval_span.add_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", block_hash));
 				let validator_index = indirect_cert.validator;
 
 				if distribute_assignment {
@@ -1581,7 +1559,6 @@ async fn handle_actions<
 										backing_group,
 										executor_params,
 										core_index,
-										&launch_approval_span,
 									)
 									.await
 								},
@@ -1592,15 +1569,6 @@ async fn handle_actions<
 				}
 			},
 			Action::NoteApprovedInChainSelection(block_hash) => {
-				let _span = state
-					.spans
-					.get(&block_hash)
-					.map(|span| span.child("note-approved-in-chain-selection"))
-					.unwrap_or_else(|| {
-						jaeger::Span::new(block_hash, "note-approved-in-chain-selection")
-					})
-					.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", block_hash))
-					.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
 				sender.send_message(ChainSelectionMessage::Approved(block_hash)).await;
 			},
 			Action::BecomeActive => {
@@ -1705,15 +1673,6 @@ async fn distribution_messages_for_activation<Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApi
 	messages.push(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NewBlocks(Vec::new())); // dummy value.
 
 	for block_hash in all_blocks {
-		let mut distribution_message_span = state
-			.spans
-			.get(&block_hash)
-			.map(|span| span.child("distribution-messages-for-activation"))
-			.unwrap_or_else(|| {
-				jaeger::Span::new(block_hash, "distribution-messages-for-activation")
-			})
-			.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking)
-			.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", block_hash));
 		let block_entry = match db.load_block_entry(&block_hash)? {
 			Some(b) => b,
 			None => {
@@ -1723,9 +1682,6 @@ async fn distribution_messages_for_activation<Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApi
 			},
 		};
 
-		distribution_message_span.add_string_tag("block-hash", &block_hash.to_string());
-		distribution_message_span
-			.add_string_tag("parent-hash", &block_entry.parent_hash().to_string());
 		approval_meta.push(BlockApprovalMeta {
 			hash: block_hash,
 			number: block_entry.block_number(),
@@ -1757,8 +1713,6 @@ async fn distribution_messages_for_activation<Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApi
 		});
 		let mut signatures_queued = HashSet::new();
 		for (core_index, candidate_hash) in block_entry.candidates() {
-			let _candidate_span =
-				distribution_message_span.child("candidate").with_candidate(*candidate_hash);
 			let candidate_entry = match db.load_candidate_entry(&candidate_hash)? {
 				Some(c) => c,
 				None => {
@@ -1937,9 +1891,6 @@ async fn handle_from_overseer<
 			let mut actions = Vec::new();
 			if let Some(activated) = update.activated {
 				let head = activated.hash;
-				let approval_voting_span =
-					jaeger::PerLeafSpan::new(activated.span, "approval-voting");
-				state.spans.insert(head, approval_voting_span);
 				match import::handle_new_head(
 					sender,
 					approval_voting_sender,
@@ -2010,7 +1961,7 @@ async fn handle_from_overseer<
 
 			// `prune_finalized_wakeups` prunes all finalized block hashes. We prune spans
 			// accordingly.
-			wakeups.prune_finalized_wakeups(block_number, &mut state.spans);
+			wakeups.prune_finalized_wakeups(block_number);
 			state.cleanup_assignments_gathering_timestamp(block_number);
 
 			// // `prune_finalized_wakeups` prunes all finalized block hashes. We prune spans
@@ -2052,23 +2003,8 @@ async fn handle_from_overseer<
 				result.0
 			},
 			ApprovalVotingMessage::ApprovedAncestor(target, lower_bound, res) => {
-				let mut approved_ancestor_span = state
-					.spans
-					.get(&target)
-					.map(|span| span.child("approved-ancestor"))
-					.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(target, "approved-ancestor"))
-					.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking)
-					.with_string_tag("leaf", format!("{:?}", target));
-				match handle_approved_ancestor(
-					sender,
-					db,
-					target,
-					lower_bound,
-					wakeups,
-					&mut approved_ancestor_span,
-					&metrics,
-				)
-				.await
+				match handle_approved_ancestor(sender, db, target, lower_bound, wakeups, &metrics)
+					.await
 				{
 					Ok(v) => {
 						let _ = res.send(v);
@@ -2261,15 +2197,11 @@ async fn handle_approved_ancestor<Sender: SubsystemSender<ChainApiMessage>>(
 	target: Hash,
 	lower_bound: BlockNumber,
 	wakeups: &Wakeups,
-	span: &mut jaeger::Span,
 	metrics: &Metrics,
 ) -> SubsystemResult<Option<HighestApprovedAncestorBlock>> {
 	const MAX_TRACING_WINDOW: usize = 200;
 	const ABNORMAL_DEPTH_THRESHOLD: usize = 5;
 	const LOGGING_DEPTH_THRESHOLD: usize = 10;
-	let mut span = span
-		.child("handle-approved-ancestor")
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
 
 	let mut all_approved_max = None;
 
@@ -2285,8 +2217,6 @@ async fn handle_approved_ancestor<Sender: SubsystemSender<ChainApiMessage>>(
 		}
 	};
 
-	span.add_uint_tag("leaf-number", target_number as u64);
-	span.add_uint_tag("lower-bound", lower_bound as u64);
 	if target_number <= lower_bound {
 		return Ok(None)
 	}
@@ -2318,9 +2248,6 @@ async fn handle_approved_ancestor<Sender: SubsystemSender<ChainApiMessage>>(
 
 	let mut bits: BitVec<u8, Lsb0> = Default::default();
 	for (i, block_hash) in std::iter::once(target).chain(ancestry).enumerate() {
-		let mut entry_span =
-			span.child("load-block-entry").with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
-		entry_span.add_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", block_hash));
 		// Block entries should be present as the assumption is that
 		// nothing here is finalized. If we encounter any missing block
 		// entries we can fail.
@@ -2387,7 +2314,6 @@ async fn handle_approved_ancestor<Sender: SubsystemSender<ChainApiMessage>>(
 				)
 			}
 			metrics.on_unapproved_candidates_in_unfinalized_chain(unapproved.len());
-			entry_span.add_uint_tag("unapproved-candidates", unapproved.len() as u64);
 			for candidate_hash in unapproved {
 				match db.load_candidate_entry(&candidate_hash)? {
 					None => {
@@ -2508,15 +2434,6 @@ async fn handle_approved_ancestor<Sender: SubsystemSender<ChainApiMessage>>(
 			number: block_number,
 			descriptions: block_descriptions,
 		});
-	match all_approved_max {
-		Some(HighestApprovedAncestorBlock { ref hash, ref number, .. }) => {
-			span.add_uint_tag("highest-approved-number", *number as u64);
-			span.add_string_fmt_debug_tag("highest-approved-hash", hash);
-		},
-		None => {
-			span.add_string_tag("reached-lower-bound", "true");
-		},
-	}
 
 	Ok(all_approved_max)
 }
@@ -2549,7 +2466,12 @@ fn schedule_wakeup_action(
 				last_assignment_tick.map(|l| l + APPROVAL_DELAY).filter(|t| t > &tick_now),
 				next_no_show,
 			)
-			.map(|tick| Action::ScheduleWakeup { block_hash, block_number, candidate_hash, tick })
+			.map(|tick| Action::ScheduleWakeup {
+				block_hash,
+				block_number,
+				candidate_hash,
+				tick,
+			})
 		},
 		RequiredTranches::Pending { considered, next_no_show, clock_drift, .. } => {
 			// select the minimum of `next_no_show`, or the tick of the next non-empty tranche
@@ -2618,17 +2540,6 @@ where
 	let assignment = checked_assignment.assignment();
 	let candidate_indices = checked_assignment.candidate_indices();
 	let tranche = checked_assignment.tranche();
-	let mut import_assignment_span = state
-		.spans
-		.get(&assignment.block_hash)
-		.map(|span| span.child("import-assignment"))
-		.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(assignment.block_hash, "import-assignment"))
-		.with_relay_parent(assignment.block_hash)
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
-
-	for candidate_index in candidate_indices.iter_ones() {
-		import_assignment_span.add_uint_tag("candidate-index", candidate_index as u64);
-	}
 
 	let block_entry = match db.load_block_entry(&assignment.block_hash)? {
 		Some(b) => b,
@@ -2708,13 +2619,6 @@ where
 				)), // no candidate at core.
 		};
 
-		import_assignment_span
-			.add_string_tag("candidate-hash", format!("{:?}", assigned_candidate_hash));
-		import_assignment_span.add_string_tag(
-			"traceID",
-			format!("{:?}", jaeger::hash_to_trace_identifier(assigned_candidate_hash.0)),
-		);
-
 		if candidate_entry.approval_entry_mut(&assignment.block_hash).is_none() {
 			return Ok((
 				AssignmentCheckResult::Bad(AssignmentCheckError::Internal(
@@ -2772,7 +2676,6 @@ where
 			};
 			is_duplicate &= approval_entry.is_assigned(assignment.validator);
 			approval_entry.import_assignment(tranche, assignment.validator, tick_now);
-			import_assignment_span.add_uint_tag("tranche", tranche as u64);
 
 			// We've imported a new assignment, so we need to schedule a wake-up for when that might
 			// no-show.
@@ -2846,14 +2749,6 @@ where
 			return Ok((Vec::new(), $e))
 		}};
 	}
-	let mut span = state
-		.spans
-		.get(&approval.block_hash)
-		.map(|span| span.child("import-approval"))
-		.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(approval.block_hash, "import-approval"))
-		.with_string_fmt_debug_tag("candidate-index", approval.candidate_indices.clone())
-		.with_relay_parent(approval.block_hash)
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
 
 	let block_entry = match db.load_block_entry(&approval.block_hash)? {
 		Some(b) => b,
@@ -2883,20 +2778,6 @@ where
 		},
 	};
 
-	span.add_string_tag("candidate-hashes", format!("{:?}", approved_candidates_info));
-	span.add_string_tag(
-		"traceIDs",
-		format!(
-			"{:?}",
-			approved_candidates_info
-				.iter()
-				.map(|(_, approved_candidate_hash)| hash_to_trace_identifier(
-					approved_candidate_hash.0
-				))
-				.collect_vec()
-		),
-	);
-
 	gum::trace!(
 		target: LOG_TARGET,
 		"Received approval for num_candidates {:}",
@@ -3251,16 +3132,6 @@ async fn process_wakeup<Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>>(
 	metrics: &Metrics,
 	wakeups: &Wakeups,
 ) -> SubsystemResult<Vec<Action>> {
-	let mut span = state
-		.spans
-		.get(&relay_block)
-		.map(|span| span.child("process-wakeup"))
-		.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(candidate_hash, "process-wakeup"))
-		.with_trace_id(candidate_hash)
-		.with_relay_parent(relay_block)
-		.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
-
 	let block_entry = db.load_block_entry(&relay_block)?;
 	let candidate_entry = db.load_candidate_entry(&candidate_hash)?;
 
@@ -3289,7 +3160,7 @@ async fn process_wakeup<Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>>(
 		Slot::from(u64::from(session_info.no_show_slots)),
 	);
 	let tranche_now = state.clock.tranche_now(state.slot_duration_millis, block_entry.slot());
-	span.add_uint_tag("tranche", tranche_now as u64);
+
 	gum::trace!(
 		target: LOG_TARGET,
 		tranche = tranche_now,
@@ -3452,7 +3323,6 @@ async fn launch_approval<
 	backing_group: GroupIndex,
 	executor_params: ExecutorParams,
 	core_index: Option<CoreIndex>,
-	span: &jaeger::Span,
 ) -> SubsystemResult<RemoteHandle<ApprovalState>> {
 	let (a_tx, a_rx) = oneshot::channel();
 	let (code_tx, code_rx) = oneshot::channel();
@@ -3486,13 +3356,6 @@ async fn launch_approval<
 	let para_id = candidate.descriptor.para_id();
 	gum::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?candidate_hash, ?para_id, "Recovering data.");
 
-	let request_validation_data_span = span
-		.child("request-validation-data")
-		.with_trace_id(candidate_hash)
-		.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-		.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", block_hash))
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
-
 	let timer = metrics.time_recover_and_approve();
 	sender
 		.send_message(AvailabilityRecoveryMessage::RecoverAvailableData(
@@ -3504,13 +3367,6 @@ async fn launch_approval<
 		))
 		.await;
 
-	let request_validation_result_span = span
-		.child("request-validation-result")
-		.with_trace_id(candidate_hash)
-		.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-		.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", block_hash))
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
-
 	sender
 		.send_message(RuntimeApiMessage::Request(
 			block_hash,
@@ -3574,7 +3430,6 @@ async fn launch_approval<
 				return ApprovalState::failed(validator_index, candidate_hash)
 			},
 		};
-		drop(request_validation_data_span);
 
 		let validation_code = match code_rx.await {
 			Err(_) => return ApprovalState::failed(validator_index, candidate_hash),
@@ -3646,7 +3501,6 @@ async fn launch_approval<
 					"Failed to validate candidate due to internal error",
 				);
 				metrics_guard.take().on_approval_error();
-				drop(request_validation_result_span);
 				return ApprovalState::failed(validator_index, candidate_hash)
 			},
 		}
@@ -3674,17 +3528,6 @@ async fn issue_approval<
 	ApprovalVoteRequest { validator_index, block_hash }: ApprovalVoteRequest,
 	wakeups: &Wakeups,
 ) -> SubsystemResult<Vec<Action>> {
-	let mut issue_approval_span = state
-		.spans
-		.get(&block_hash)
-		.map(|span| span.child("issue-approval"))
-		.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(block_hash, "issue-approval"))
-		.with_trace_id(candidate_hash)
-		.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", block_hash))
-		.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-		.with_validator_index(validator_index)
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalChecking);
-
 	let mut block_entry = match db.load_block_entry(&block_hash)? {
 		Some(b) => b,
 		None => {
@@ -3709,7 +3552,6 @@ async fn issue_approval<
 		},
 		Some(idx) => idx,
 	};
-	issue_approval_span.add_int_tag("candidate_index", candidate_index as i64);
 
 	let candidate_hash = match block_entry.candidate(candidate_index as usize) {
 		Some((_, h)) => *h,
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/tests.rs
index 78511bc89d2f161f789d8c905473a719c86c38fa..099ab419dfbfc8373490d43c294023e2611eba26 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/approval-voting/src/tests.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 use self::test_helpers::mock::new_leaf;
 use super::*;
 use crate::backend::V1ReadBackend;
+use itertools::Itertools;
 use overseer::prometheus::{
 	prometheus::{IntCounter, IntCounterVec},
 	Histogram, HistogramOpts, HistogramVec, Opts,
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers as test_helpers;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::TimeoutExt;
-use polkadot_overseer::{HeadSupportsParachains, SpawnGlue};
+use polkadot_overseer::SpawnGlue;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	vstaging::{CandidateEvent, MutateDescriptorV2},
 	ApprovalVote, CandidateCommitments, CoreIndex, DisputeStatement, GroupIndex, Header,
@@ -49,7 +50,6 @@ use polkadot_primitives::{
 use std::{cmp::max, time::Duration};
 
 use assert_matches::assert_matches;
-use async_trait::async_trait;
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use sp_keyring::sr25519::Keyring as Sr25519Keyring;
 use sp_keystore::Keystore;
@@ -134,15 +134,6 @@ pub mod test_constants {
 	pub(crate) const TEST_CONFIG: DatabaseConfig = DatabaseConfig { col_approval_data: DATA_COL };
 }
 
-struct MockSupportsParachains;
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl HeadSupportsParachains for MockSupportsParachains {
-	async fn head_supports_parachains(&self, _head: &Hash) -> bool {
-		true
-	}
-}
-
 fn slot_to_tick(t: impl Into<Slot>) -> Tick {
 	slot_number_to_tick(SLOT_DURATION_MILLIS, t.into())
 }
@@ -266,7 +257,8 @@ where
 		_relay_vrf_story: polkadot_node_primitives::approval::v1::RelayVRFStory,
 		_assignment: &polkadot_node_primitives::approval::v2::AssignmentCertV2,
 		_backing_groups: Vec<polkadot_primitives::GroupIndex>,
-	) -> Result<polkadot_node_primitives::approval::v1::DelayTranche, criteria::InvalidAssignment> {
+	) -> Result<polkadot_node_primitives::approval::v1::DelayTranche, criteria::InvalidAssignment>
+	{
 		self.1(validator_index)
 	}
 }
@@ -4936,7 +4928,6 @@ fn test_gathering_assignments_statements() {
 		slot_duration_millis: 6_000,
 		clock: Arc::new(MockClock::default()),
 		assignment_criteria: Box::new(MockAssignmentCriteria::check_only(|_| Ok(0))),
-		spans: HashMap::new(),
 		per_block_assignments_gathering_times: LruMap::new(ByLength::new(
 			MAX_BLOCKS_WITH_ASSIGNMENT_TIMESTAMPS,
 		)),
@@ -5031,7 +5022,6 @@ fn test_observe_assignment_gathering_status() {
 		slot_duration_millis: 6_000,
 		clock: Arc::new(MockClock::default()),
 		assignment_criteria: Box::new(MockAssignmentCriteria::check_only(|_| Ok(0))),
-		spans: HashMap::new(),
 		per_block_assignments_gathering_times: LruMap::new(ByLength::new(
 			MAX_BLOCKS_WITH_ASSIGNMENT_TIMESTAMPS,
 		)),
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/av-store/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/core/av-store/Cargo.toml
index c867180e541bbf013cc874450e132c08f87981a5..1d14e4cfba37824f16bc49afd64669a08748a0b9 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/av-store/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/av-store/Cargo.toml
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ polkadot-overseer = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-consensus = { workspace = true }
-polkadot-node-jaeger = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/av-store/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/core/av-store/src/lib.rs
index 00397c8c7f48dcc768bde750257e72bcaa6e1ffa..9da2973773a01923b8108d73871f875fd1e96cb3 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/av-store/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/av-store/src/lib.rs
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::database::{DBTransaction, Database};
 use sp_consensus::SyncOracle;
 
 use bitvec::{order::Lsb0 as BitOrderLsb0, vec::BitVec};
-use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{AvailableData, ErasureChunk};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	errors::{ChainApiError, RuntimeApiError},
@@ -1315,10 +1314,6 @@ fn store_available_data(
 		},
 	};
 
-	let erasure_span = jaeger::Span::new(candidate_hash, "erasure-coding")
-		.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-		.with_pov(&available_data.pov);
-
 	// Important note: This check below is critical for consensus and the `backing` subsystem relies
 	// on it to ensure candidate validity.
 	let chunks = polkadot_erasure_coding::obtain_chunks_v1(n_validators, &available_data)?;
@@ -1328,8 +1323,6 @@ fn store_available_data(
 		return Err(Error::InvalidErasureRoot)
 	}
 
-	drop(erasure_span);
-
 	let erasure_chunks: Vec<_> = chunks
 		.iter()
 		.zip(branches.map(|(proof, _)| proof))
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/backing/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/core/backing/Cargo.toml
index 35a93aec26c058ecf43689e473cb2618df5042e7..cd1acf9daa9390e7a24f3956e40f9c7477b32efc 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/backing/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/backing/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ futures = { workspace = true }
 sp-keystore = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-parachain-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-subsystem = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-subsystem-util = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-erasure-coding = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/lib.rs
index c71f8183c72106a5e361c75591ab006ec24b4e32..b5362d32ad88d356bf45588589d6b02f24bd92eb 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/lib.rs
@@ -89,8 +89,9 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 		AvailabilityDistributionMessage, AvailabilityStoreMessage, CanSecondRequest,
 		CandidateBackingMessage, CandidateValidationMessage, CollatorProtocolMessage,
 		HypotheticalCandidate, HypotheticalMembershipRequest, IntroduceSecondedCandidateRequest,
-		ProspectiveParachainsMessage, ProvisionableData, ProvisionerMessage, RuntimeApiMessage,
-		RuntimeApiRequest, StatementDistributionMessage, StoreAvailableDataError,
+		ProspectiveParachainsMessage, ProvisionableData, ProvisionerMessage, PvfExecKind,
+		RuntimeApiMessage, RuntimeApiRequest, StatementDistributionMessage,
+		StoreAvailableDataError,
 	},
 	overseer, ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError,
 };
@@ -105,6 +106,7 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 	},
 	Validator,
 };
+use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::IsSystem;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	node_features::FeatureIndex,
 	vstaging::{
@@ -112,8 +114,8 @@ use polkadot_primitives::{
 		CommittedCandidateReceiptV2 as CommittedCandidateReceipt, CoreState,
 	},
 	CandidateCommitments, CandidateHash, CoreIndex, ExecutorParams, GroupIndex, GroupRotationInfo,
-	Hash, Id as ParaId, IndexedVec, NodeFeatures, PersistedValidationData, PvfExecKind,
-	SessionIndex, SigningContext, ValidationCode, ValidatorId, ValidatorIndex, ValidatorSignature,
+	Hash, Id as ParaId, IndexedVec, NodeFeatures, PersistedValidationData, SessionIndex,
+	SigningContext, ValidationCode, ValidatorId, ValidatorIndex, ValidatorSignature,
 	ValidityAttestation,
 };
 use polkadot_statement_table::{
@@ -629,6 +631,7 @@ async fn request_candidate_validation(
 	executor_params: ExecutorParams,
 ) -> Result<ValidationResult, Error> {
 	let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+	let is_system = candidate_receipt.descriptor.para_id().is_system();
 
 	sender
 		.send_message(CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive {
@@ -637,7 +640,11 @@ async fn request_candidate_validation(
 			candidate_receipt,
 			pov,
 			executor_params,
-			exec_kind: PvfExecKind::Backing,
+			exec_kind: if is_system {
+				PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas
+			} else {
+				PvfExecKind::Backing
+			},
 			response_sender: tx,
 		})
 		.await;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/tests/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/tests/mod.rs
index 384e733080dee4217e70f3979ebb434d71ec8aea..dbb974a634fe6a330995c9bf3e1697843729e2c8 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/tests/mod.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use polkadot_node_primitives::{BlockData, InvalidCandidate, SignedFullStatement,
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	errors::RuntimeApiError,
 	messages::{
-		AllMessages, CollatorProtocolMessage, RuntimeApiMessage, RuntimeApiRequest,
+		AllMessages, CollatorProtocolMessage, PvfExecKind, RuntimeApiMessage, RuntimeApiRequest,
 		ValidationFailed,
 	},
 	ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, TimeoutExt,
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers as test_helpers;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	node_features, vstaging::MutateDescriptorV2, CandidateDescriptor, GroupRotationInfo, HeadData,
-	PersistedValidationData, PvfExecKind, ScheduledCore, SessionIndex, LEGACY_MIN_BACKING_VOTES,
+	PersistedValidationData, ScheduledCore, SessionIndex, LEGACY_MIN_BACKING_VOTES,
 };
 use polkadot_primitives_test_helpers::{
 	dummy_candidate_receipt_bad_sig, dummy_collator, dummy_collator_signature,
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ async fn assert_validate_from_exhaustive(
 		) if validation_data == *assert_pvd &&
 			validation_code == *assert_validation_code &&
 			*pov == *assert_pov && candidate_receipt.descriptor == assert_candidate.descriptor &&
-			exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+			exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 			candidate_receipt.commitments_hash == assert_candidate.commitments.hash() =>
 		{
 			response_sender.send(Ok(ValidationResult::Valid(
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ fn backing_works(#[case] elastic_scaling_mvp: bool) {
 			) if validation_data == pvd_ab &&
 				validation_code == validation_code_ab &&
 				*pov == pov_ab && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate_a.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate_receipt.commitments_hash == candidate_a_commitments_hash =>
 			{
 				response_sender.send(Ok(
@@ -1288,7 +1288,7 @@ fn backing_works_while_validation_ongoing() {
 			) if validation_data == pvd_abc &&
 				validation_code == validation_code_abc &&
 				*pov == pov_abc && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate_a.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate_a_commitments_hash == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash =>
 			{
 				// we never validate the candidate. our local node
@@ -1455,7 +1455,7 @@ fn backing_misbehavior_works() {
 			) if validation_data == pvd_a &&
 				validation_code == validation_code_a &&
 				*pov == pov_a && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate_a.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate_a_commitments_hash == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash =>
 			{
 				response_sender.send(Ok(
@@ -1622,7 +1622,7 @@ fn backing_dont_second_invalid() {
 			) if validation_data == pvd_a &&
 				validation_code == validation_code_a &&
 				*pov == pov_block_a && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate_a.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate_a.commitments.hash() == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash =>
 			{
 				response_sender.send(Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid(InvalidCandidate::BadReturn))).unwrap();
@@ -1662,7 +1662,7 @@ fn backing_dont_second_invalid() {
 			) if validation_data == pvd_b &&
 				validation_code == validation_code_b &&
 				*pov == pov_block_b && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate_b.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate_b.commitments.hash() == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash =>
 			{
 				response_sender.send(Ok(
@@ -1789,7 +1789,7 @@ fn backing_second_after_first_fails_works() {
 			) if validation_data == pvd_a &&
 				validation_code == validation_code_a &&
 				*pov == pov_a && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate.commitments.hash() == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash =>
 			{
 				response_sender.send(Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid(InvalidCandidate::BadReturn))).unwrap();
@@ -1933,7 +1933,7 @@ fn backing_works_after_failed_validation() {
 			) if validation_data == pvd_a &&
 				validation_code == validation_code_a &&
 				*pov == pov_a && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate.commitments.hash() == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash =>
 			{
 				response_sender.send(Err(ValidationFailed("Internal test error".into()))).unwrap();
@@ -2212,7 +2212,7 @@ fn retry_works() {
 			) if validation_data == pvd_a &&
 				validation_code == validation_code_a &&
 				*pov == pov_a && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate.commitments.hash() == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash
 		);
 		virtual_overseer
@@ -2754,7 +2754,7 @@ fn validator_ignores_statements_from_disabled_validators() {
 			) if validation_data == pvd &&
 				validation_code == expected_validation_code &&
 				*pov == expected_pov && candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate.descriptor &&
-				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+				exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 				candidate_commitments_hash == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash =>
 			{
 				response_sender.send(Ok(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/tests/prospective_parachains.rs b/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
index 673546ae0afef1f0275388d72f0dee1735caff03..caddd24080578d74ea4d4964f8ec590eaebb162e 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/backing/src/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ async fn assert_validate_seconded_candidate(
 			&validation_code == assert_validation_code &&
 			&*pov == assert_pov &&
 			candidate_receipt.descriptor == candidate.descriptor &&
-			exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Backing &&
+			exec_kind == PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas &&
 			candidate.commitments.hash() == candidate_receipt.commitments_hash =>
 		{
 			response_sender.send(Ok(ValidationResult::Valid(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing/src/lib.rs
index 024fce98138043a119e20453ce3c18410240e578..7c67853503f691e145ab97f8845d4081de24c26c 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing/src/lib.rs
@@ -27,10 +27,9 @@ use futures::{
 	FutureExt,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{AvailabilityStoreMessage, BitfieldDistributionMessage},
-	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, PerLeafSpan, SpawnedSubsystem,
-	SubsystemError, SubsystemResult,
+	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError,
+	SubsystemResult,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 	self as util, request_availability_cores, runtime::recv_runtime, Validator,
@@ -80,11 +79,8 @@ async fn get_core_availability(
 	core: &CoreState,
 	validator_index: ValidatorIndex,
 	sender: &Mutex<&mut impl overseer::BitfieldSigningSenderTrait>,
-	span: &jaeger::Span,
 ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
 	if let CoreState::Occupied(core) = core {
-		let _span = span.child("query-chunk-availability");
-
 		let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
 		sender
 			.lock()
@@ -118,15 +114,12 @@ async fn get_core_availability(
 ///   prone to false negatives)
 async fn construct_availability_bitfield(
 	relay_parent: Hash,
-	span: &jaeger::Span,
 	validator_idx: ValidatorIndex,
 	sender: &mut impl overseer::BitfieldSigningSenderTrait,
 ) -> Result<AvailabilityBitfield, Error> {
 	// get the set of availability cores from the runtime
-	let availability_cores = {
-		let _span = span.child("get-availability-cores");
-		recv_runtime(request_availability_cores(relay_parent, sender).await).await?
-	};
+	let availability_cores =
+		{ recv_runtime(request_availability_cores(relay_parent, sender).await).await? };
 
 	// Wrap the sender in a Mutex to share it between the futures.
 	//
@@ -140,7 +133,7 @@ async fn construct_availability_bitfield(
 	let results = future::try_join_all(
 		availability_cores
 			.iter()
-			.map(|core| get_core_availability(core, validator_idx, &sender, span)),
+			.map(|core| get_core_availability(core, validator_idx, &sender)),
 	)
 	.await?;
 
@@ -234,8 +227,6 @@ async fn handle_active_leaves_update<Sender>(
 where
 	Sender: overseer::BitfieldSigningSenderTrait,
 {
-	let span = PerLeafSpan::new(leaf.span, "bitfield-signing");
-	let span_delay = span.child("delay");
 	let wait_until = Instant::now() + SPAWNED_TASK_DELAY;
 
 	// now do all the work we can before we need to wait for the availability store
@@ -253,28 +244,16 @@ where
 	// SPAWNED_TASK_DELAY each time.
 	let _timer = metrics.time_run();
 
-	drop(span_delay);
-	let span_availability = span.child("availability");
-
-	let bitfield = match construct_availability_bitfield(
-		leaf.hash,
-		&span_availability,
-		validator.index(),
-		&mut sender,
-	)
-	.await
-	{
-		Err(Error::Runtime(runtime_err)) => {
-			// Don't take down the node on runtime API errors.
-			gum::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, err = ?runtime_err, "Encountered a runtime API error");
-			return Ok(())
-		},
-		Err(err) => return Err(err),
-		Ok(bitfield) => bitfield,
-	};
-
-	drop(span_availability);
-	let span_signing = span.child("signing");
+	let bitfield =
+		match construct_availability_bitfield(leaf.hash, validator.index(), &mut sender).await {
+			Err(Error::Runtime(runtime_err)) => {
+				// Don't take down the node on runtime API errors.
+				gum::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, err = ?runtime_err, "Encountered a runtime API error");
+				return Ok(())
+			},
+			Err(err) => return Err(err),
+			Ok(bitfield) => bitfield,
+		};
 
 	let signed_bitfield =
 		match validator.sign(keystore, bitfield).map_err(|e| Error::Keystore(e))? {
@@ -290,9 +269,6 @@ where
 
 	metrics.on_bitfield_signed();
 
-	drop(span_signing);
-	let _span_gossip = span.child("gossip");
-
 	sender
 		.send_message(BitfieldDistributionMessage::DistributeBitfield(leaf.hash, signed_bitfield))
 		.await;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing/src/tests.rs
index efbe2b5147f0529d0fbfec3d633942771efe30eb..9123414844a6c7632529e58eaa5b03dbc0200b55 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/bitfield-signing/src/tests.rs
@@ -40,13 +40,8 @@ fn construct_availability_bitfield_works() {
 		let validator_index = ValidatorIndex(1u32);
 
 		let (mut sender, mut receiver) = polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::sender_receiver();
-		let future = construct_availability_bitfield(
-			relay_parent,
-			&jaeger::Span::Disabled,
-			validator_index,
-			&mut sender,
-		)
-		.fuse();
+		let future =
+			construct_availability_bitfield(relay_parent, validator_index, &mut sender).fuse();
 		pin_mut!(future);
 
 		let hash_a = CandidateHash(Hash::repeat_byte(1));
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/lib.rs
index 204cf53401c0c695fd4db2aa4e96281de363d2dd..551f6a507c8e09769f2534483ba4184e5d49ea81 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/lib.rs
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ use polkadot_node_primitives::{InvalidCandidate, PoV, ValidationResult};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	errors::RuntimeApiError,
 	messages::{
-		CandidateValidationMessage, PreCheckOutcome, RuntimeApiMessage, RuntimeApiRequest,
-		ValidationFailed,
+		CandidateValidationMessage, PreCheckOutcome, PvfExecKind, RuntimeApiMessage,
+		RuntimeApiRequest, ValidationFailed,
 	},
 	overseer, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError, SubsystemResult,
 	SubsystemSender,
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ use polkadot_primitives::{
 		CandidateDescriptorV2 as CandidateDescriptor, CandidateEvent,
 		CandidateReceiptV2 as CandidateReceipt,
 	},
-	AuthorityDiscoveryId, CandidateCommitments, ExecutorParams, Hash, OccupiedCoreAssumption,
-	PersistedValidationData, PvfExecKind, PvfPrepKind, SessionIndex, ValidationCode,
-	ValidationCodeHash, ValidatorId,
+	AuthorityDiscoveryId, CandidateCommitments, ExecutorParams, Hash,
+	PersistedValidationData, PvfExecKind as RuntimePvfExecKind, PvfPrepKind, SessionIndex,
+	ValidationCode, ValidationCodeHash, ValidatorId,
 };
 use sp_application_crypto::{AppCrypto, ByteArray};
 use sp_keystore::KeystorePtr;
@@ -87,8 +87,7 @@ const PVF_APPROVAL_EXECUTION_RETRY_DELAY: Duration = Duration::from_secs(3);
 const PVF_APPROVAL_EXECUTION_RETRY_DELAY: Duration = Duration::from_millis(200);
 
 // The task queue size is chosen to be somewhat bigger than the PVF host incoming queue size
-// to allow exhaustive validation messages to fall through in case the tasks are clogged with
-// `ValidateFromChainState` messages awaiting data from the runtime
+// to allow exhaustive validation messages to fall through in case the tasks are clogged
 const TASK_LIMIT: usize = 30;
 
 /// Configuration for the candidate validation subsystem
@@ -159,30 +158,6 @@ where
 	S: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>,
 {
 	match msg {
-		CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
-			candidate_receipt,
-			pov,
-			executor_params,
-			exec_kind,
-			response_sender,
-			..
-		} => async move {
-			let _timer = metrics.time_validate_from_chain_state();
-			let res = validate_from_chain_state(
-				&mut sender,
-				validation_host,
-				candidate_receipt,
-				pov,
-				executor_params,
-				exec_kind,
-				&metrics,
-			)
-			.await;
-
-			metrics.on_validation_event(&res);
-			let _ = response_sender.send(res);
-		}
-		.boxed(),
 		CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive {
 			validation_data,
 			validation_code,
@@ -661,170 +636,6 @@ where
 	}
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-enum AssumptionCheckOutcome {
-	Matches(PersistedValidationData, ValidationCode),
-	DoesNotMatch,
-	BadRequest,
-}
-
-async fn check_assumption_validation_data<Sender>(
-	sender: &mut Sender,
-	descriptor: &CandidateDescriptor,
-	assumption: OccupiedCoreAssumption,
-) -> AssumptionCheckOutcome
-where
-	Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>,
-{
-	let validation_data = {
-		let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
-		let d = runtime_api_request(
-			sender,
-			descriptor.relay_parent(),
-			RuntimeApiRequest::PersistedValidationData(descriptor.para_id(), assumption, tx),
-			rx,
-		)
-		.await;
-
-		match d {
-			Ok(None) | Err(RuntimeRequestFailed) => return AssumptionCheckOutcome::BadRequest,
-			Ok(Some(d)) => d,
-		}
-	};
-
-	let persisted_validation_data_hash = validation_data.hash();
-
-	if descriptor.persisted_validation_data_hash() == persisted_validation_data_hash {
-		let (code_tx, code_rx) = oneshot::channel();
-		let validation_code = runtime_api_request(
-			sender,
-			descriptor.relay_parent(),
-			RuntimeApiRequest::ValidationCode(descriptor.para_id(), assumption, code_tx),
-			code_rx,
-		)
-		.await;
-
-		match validation_code {
-			Ok(None) | Err(RuntimeRequestFailed) => AssumptionCheckOutcome::BadRequest,
-			Ok(Some(v)) => AssumptionCheckOutcome::Matches(validation_data, v),
-		}
-	} else {
-		AssumptionCheckOutcome::DoesNotMatch
-	}
-}
-
-async fn find_assumed_validation_data<Sender>(
-	sender: &mut Sender,
-	descriptor: &CandidateDescriptor,
-) -> AssumptionCheckOutcome
-where
-	Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>,
-{
-	// The candidate descriptor has a `persisted_validation_data_hash` which corresponds to
-	// one of up to two possible values that we can derive from the state of the
-	// relay-parent. We can fetch these values by getting the persisted validation data
-	// based on the different `OccupiedCoreAssumption`s.
-
-	const ASSUMPTIONS: &[OccupiedCoreAssumption] = &[
-		OccupiedCoreAssumption::Included,
-		OccupiedCoreAssumption::TimedOut,
-		// `TimedOut` and `Free` both don't perform any speculation and therefore should be the
-		// same for our purposes here. In other words, if `TimedOut` matched then the `Free` must
-		// be matched as well.
-	];
-
-	// Consider running these checks in parallel to reduce validation latency.
-	for assumption in ASSUMPTIONS {
-		let outcome = check_assumption_validation_data(sender, descriptor, *assumption).await;
-
-		match outcome {
-			AssumptionCheckOutcome::Matches(_, _) => return outcome,
-			AssumptionCheckOutcome::BadRequest => return outcome,
-			AssumptionCheckOutcome::DoesNotMatch => continue,
-		}
-	}
-
-	AssumptionCheckOutcome::DoesNotMatch
-}
-
-/// Returns validation data for a given candidate.
-pub async fn find_validation_data<Sender>(
-	sender: &mut Sender,
-	descriptor: &CandidateDescriptor,
-) -> Result<Option<(PersistedValidationData, ValidationCode)>, ValidationFailed>
-where
-	Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>,
-{
-	match find_assumed_validation_data(sender, &descriptor).await {
-		AssumptionCheckOutcome::Matches(validation_data, validation_code) =>
-			Ok(Some((validation_data, validation_code))),
-		AssumptionCheckOutcome::DoesNotMatch => {
-			// If neither the assumption of the occupied core having the para included or the
-			// assumption of the occupied core timing out are valid, then the
-			// persisted_validation_data_hash in the descriptor is not based on the relay parent and
-			// is thus invalid.
-			Ok(None)
-		},
-		AssumptionCheckOutcome::BadRequest =>
-			Err(ValidationFailed("Assumption Check: Bad request".into())),
-	}
-}
-
-async fn validate_from_chain_state<Sender>(
-	sender: &mut Sender,
-	validation_host: ValidationHost,
-	candidate_receipt: CandidateReceipt,
-	pov: Arc<PoV>,
-	executor_params: ExecutorParams,
-	exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
-	metrics: &Metrics,
-) -> Result<ValidationResult, ValidationFailed>
-where
-	Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>,
-{
-	let mut new_sender = sender.clone();
-	let (validation_data, validation_code) =
-		match find_validation_data(&mut new_sender, &candidate_receipt.descriptor).await? {
-			Some((validation_data, validation_code)) => (validation_data, validation_code),
-			None => return Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid(InvalidCandidate::BadParent)),
-		};
-
-	let validation_result = validate_candidate_exhaustive(
-		validation_host,
-		validation_data,
-		validation_code,
-		candidate_receipt.clone(),
-		pov,
-		executor_params,
-		exec_kind,
-		metrics,
-	)
-	.await;
-
-	if let Ok(ValidationResult::Valid(ref outputs, _)) = validation_result {
-		let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
-		match runtime_api_request(
-			sender,
-			candidate_receipt.descriptor.relay_parent(),
-			RuntimeApiRequest::CheckValidationOutputs(
-				candidate_receipt.descriptor.para_id(),
-				outputs.clone(),
-				tx,
-			),
-			rx,
-		)
-		.await
-		{
-			Ok(true) => {},
-			Ok(false) => return Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid(InvalidCandidate::InvalidOutputs)),
-			Err(RuntimeRequestFailed) =>
-				return Err(ValidationFailed("Check Validation Outputs: Bad request".into())),
-		}
-	}
-
-	validation_result
-}
-
 async fn validate_candidate_exhaustive(
 	mut validation_backend: impl ValidationBackend + Send,
 	persisted_validation_data: PersistedValidationData,
@@ -860,9 +671,9 @@ async fn validate_candidate_exhaustive(
 	let result = match exec_kind {
 		// Retry is disabled to reduce the chance of nondeterministic blocks getting backed and
 		// honest backers getting slashed.
-		PvfExecKind::Backing => {
+		PvfExecKind::Backing | PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas => {
 			let prep_timeout = pvf_prep_timeout(&executor_params, PvfPrepKind::Prepare);
-			let exec_timeout = pvf_exec_timeout(&executor_params, exec_kind);
+			let exec_timeout = pvf_exec_timeout(&executor_params, exec_kind.into());
 			let pvf = PvfPrepData::from_code(
 				validation_code.0,
 				executor_params,
@@ -876,20 +687,22 @@ async fn validate_candidate_exhaustive(
 					exec_timeout,
 					persisted_validation_data.clone(),
 					pov,
-					polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority::Normal,
+					exec_kind.into(),
+					exec_kind,
 				)
 				.await
 		},
-		PvfExecKind::Approval =>
+		PvfExecKind::Approval | PvfExecKind::Dispute =>
 			validation_backend
 				.validate_candidate_with_retry(
 					validation_code.0,
-					pvf_exec_timeout(&executor_params, exec_kind),
+					pvf_exec_timeout(&executor_params, exec_kind.into()),
 					persisted_validation_data.clone(),
 					pov,
 					executor_params,
 					PVF_APPROVAL_EXECUTION_RETRY_DELAY,
-					polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority::Critical,
+					exec_kind.into(),
+					exec_kind,
 				)
 				.await,
 	};
@@ -977,6 +790,8 @@ trait ValidationBackend {
 		pov: Arc<PoV>,
 		// The priority for the preparation job.
 		prepare_priority: polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority,
+		// The kind for the execution job.
+		exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 	) -> Result<WasmValidationResult, ValidationError>;
 
 	/// Tries executing a PVF. Will retry once if an error is encountered that may have
@@ -997,6 +812,8 @@ trait ValidationBackend {
 		retry_delay: Duration,
 		// The priority for the preparation job.
 		prepare_priority: polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority,
+		// The kind for the execution job.
+		exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 	) -> Result<WasmValidationResult, ValidationError> {
 		let prep_timeout = pvf_prep_timeout(&executor_params, PvfPrepKind::Prepare);
 		// Construct the PVF a single time, since it is an expensive operation. Cloning it is cheap.
@@ -1018,6 +835,7 @@ trait ValidationBackend {
 				pvd.clone(),
 				pov.clone(),
 				prepare_priority,
+				exec_kind,
 			)
 			.await;
 		if validation_result.is_ok() {
@@ -1098,6 +916,7 @@ trait ValidationBackend {
 						pvd.clone(),
 						pov.clone(),
 						prepare_priority,
+						exec_kind,
 					)
 					.await;
 			}
@@ -1122,9 +941,13 @@ impl ValidationBackend for ValidationHost {
 		pov: Arc<PoV>,
 		// The priority for the preparation job.
 		prepare_priority: polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority,
+		// The kind for the execution job.
+		exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 	) -> Result<WasmValidationResult, ValidationError> {
 		let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
-		if let Err(err) = self.execute_pvf(pvf, exec_timeout, pvd, pov, prepare_priority, tx).await
+		if let Err(err) = self
+			.execute_pvf(pvf, exec_timeout, pvd, pov, prepare_priority, exec_kind, tx)
+			.await
 		{
 			return Err(InternalValidationError::HostCommunication(format!(
 				"cannot send pvf to the validation host, it might have shut down: {:?}",
@@ -1216,12 +1039,12 @@ fn pvf_prep_timeout(executor_params: &ExecutorParams, kind: PvfPrepKind) -> Dura
 /// This should be much longer than the backing execution timeout to ensure that in the
 /// absence of extremely large disparities between hardware, blocks that pass backing are
 /// considered executable by approval checkers or dispute participants.
-fn pvf_exec_timeout(executor_params: &ExecutorParams, kind: PvfExecKind) -> Duration {
+fn pvf_exec_timeout(executor_params: &ExecutorParams, kind: RuntimePvfExecKind) -> Duration {
 	if let Some(timeout) = executor_params.pvf_exec_timeout(kind) {
 		return timeout
 	}
 	match kind {
-		PvfExecKind::Backing => DEFAULT_BACKING_EXECUTION_TIMEOUT,
-		PvfExecKind::Approval => DEFAULT_APPROVAL_EXECUTION_TIMEOUT,
+		RuntimePvfExecKind::Backing => DEFAULT_BACKING_EXECUTION_TIMEOUT,
+		RuntimePvfExecKind::Approval => DEFAULT_APPROVAL_EXECUTION_TIMEOUT,
 	}
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/metrics.rs b/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/metrics.rs
index 1459907aa5999980dd82ec0e08a5839959167cef..76ccd56555f928188401d6a916f28c87768b4efd 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/metrics.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ use polkadot_node_metrics::metrics::{self, prometheus};
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub(crate) struct MetricsInner {
 	pub(crate) validation_requests: prometheus::CounterVec<prometheus::U64>,
-	pub(crate) validate_from_chain_state: prometheus::Histogram,
 	pub(crate) validate_from_exhaustive: prometheus::Histogram,
 	pub(crate) validate_candidate_exhaustive: prometheus::Histogram,
 }
@@ -46,13 +45,6 @@ impl Metrics {
 		}
 	}
 
-	/// Provide a timer for `validate_from_chain_state` which observes on drop.
-	pub fn time_validate_from_chain_state(
-		&self,
-	) -> Option<metrics::prometheus::prometheus::HistogramTimer> {
-		self.0.as_ref().map(|metrics| metrics.validate_from_chain_state.start_timer())
-	}
-
 	/// Provide a timer for `validate_from_exhaustive` which observes on drop.
 	pub fn time_validate_from_exhaustive(
 		&self,
@@ -83,13 +75,6 @@ impl metrics::Metrics for Metrics {
 				)?,
 				registry,
 			)?,
-			validate_from_chain_state: prometheus::register(
-				prometheus::Histogram::with_opts(prometheus::HistogramOpts::new(
-					"polkadot_parachain_candidate_validation_validate_from_chain_state",
-					"Time spent within `candidate_validation::validate_from_chain_state`",
-				))?,
-				registry,
-			)?,
 			validate_from_exhaustive: prometheus::register(
 				prometheus::Histogram::with_opts(prometheus::HistogramOpts::new(
 					"polkadot_parachain_candidate_validation_validate_from_exhaustive",
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/tests.rs
index c80f1f64fb3ce18fe78bd4fd6906658d11c983a3..e679f34792d0d9978ec0126a0161bb650075eb86 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/candidate-validation/src/tests.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 
 use super::*;
+use crate::PvfExecKind;
 use assert_matches::assert_matches;
 use futures::executor;
 use polkadot_node_core_pvf::PrepareError;
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::reexports::SubsystemContext;
 use polkadot_overseer::ActivatedLeaf;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	vstaging::CandidateDescriptorV2, CandidateDescriptor, CoreIndex, GroupIndex, HeadData,
-	Id as ParaId, SessionInfo, UpwardMessage, ValidatorId,
+	Id as ParaId, SessionInfo, UpwardMessage, ValidatorId, OccupiedCoreAssumption
 };
 use polkadot_primitives_test_helpers::{
 	dummy_collator, dummy_collator_signature, dummy_hash, make_valid_candidate_descriptor,
@@ -35,6 +36,58 @@ use sp_core::{sr25519::Public, testing::TaskExecutor};
 use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use sp_keystore::{testing::MemoryKeystore, Keystore};
 
+#[derive(Debug)]
+enum AssumptionCheckOutcome {
+	Matches(PersistedValidationData, ValidationCode),
+	DoesNotMatch,
+	BadRequest,
+}
+
+async fn check_assumption_validation_data<Sender>(
+	sender: &mut Sender,
+	descriptor: &CandidateDescriptor,
+	assumption: OccupiedCoreAssumption,
+) -> AssumptionCheckOutcome
+where
+	Sender: SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>,
+{
+	let validation_data = {
+		let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+		let d = runtime_api_request(
+			sender,
+			descriptor.relay_parent,
+			RuntimeApiRequest::PersistedValidationData(descriptor.para_id, assumption, tx),
+			rx,
+		)
+		.await;
+
+		match d {
+			Ok(None) | Err(RuntimeRequestFailed) => return AssumptionCheckOutcome::BadRequest,
+			Ok(Some(d)) => d,
+		}
+	};
+
+	let persisted_validation_data_hash = validation_data.hash();
+
+	if descriptor.persisted_validation_data_hash == persisted_validation_data_hash {
+		let (code_tx, code_rx) = oneshot::channel();
+		let validation_code = runtime_api_request(
+			sender,
+			descriptor.relay_parent,
+			RuntimeApiRequest::ValidationCode(descriptor.para_id, assumption, code_tx),
+			code_rx,
+		)
+		.await;
+
+		match validation_code {
+			Ok(None) | Err(RuntimeRequestFailed) => AssumptionCheckOutcome::BadRequest,
+			Ok(Some(v)) => AssumptionCheckOutcome::Matches(validation_data, v),
+		}
+	} else {
+		AssumptionCheckOutcome::DoesNotMatch
+	}
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn correctly_checks_included_assumption() {
 	let validation_data: PersistedValidationData = Default::default();
@@ -394,6 +447,7 @@ impl ValidationBackend for MockValidateCandidateBackend {
 		_pvd: Arc<PersistedValidationData>,
 		_pov: Arc<PoV>,
 		_prepare_priority: polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority,
+		_exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 	) -> Result<WasmValidationResult, ValidationError> {
 		// This is expected to panic if called more times than expected, indicating an error in the
 		// test.
@@ -985,6 +1039,7 @@ impl ValidationBackend for MockPreCheckBackend {
 		_pvd: Arc<PersistedValidationData>,
 		_pov: Arc<PoV>,
 		_prepare_priority: polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority,
+		_exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 	) -> Result<WasmValidationResult, ValidationError> {
 		unreachable!()
 	}
@@ -1139,6 +1194,7 @@ impl ValidationBackend for MockHeadsUp {
 		_pvd: Arc<PersistedValidationData>,
 		_pov: Arc<PoV>,
 		_prepare_priority: polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority,
+		_exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 	) -> Result<WasmValidationResult, ValidationError> {
 		unreachable!()
 	}
@@ -1177,7 +1233,6 @@ fn dummy_active_leaves_update(hash: Hash) -> ActiveLeavesUpdate {
 			hash,
 			number: 10,
 			unpin_handle: polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::mock::dummy_unpin_handle(hash),
-			span: Arc::new(overseer::jaeger::Span::Disabled),
 		}),
 		..Default::default()
 	}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/initialized.rs b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/initialized.rs
index 4dd13fa38cbf5b406a632f0d33f8451127569b12..7fc22d5904c5182c45150c1328e06187b6e8c955 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/initialized.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/initialized.rs
@@ -34,8 +34,9 @@ use polkadot_node_primitives::{
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	messages::{
-		ApprovalVotingMessage, BlockDescription, ChainSelectionMessage, DisputeCoordinatorMessage,
-		DisputeDistributionMessage, ImportStatementsResult,
+		ApprovalVotingMessage, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage, BlockDescription,
+		ChainSelectionMessage, DisputeCoordinatorMessage, DisputeDistributionMessage,
+		ImportStatementsResult,
 	},
 	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, RuntimeApiError,
 };
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ pub(crate) struct Initialized {
 	/// `CHAIN_IMPORT_MAX_BATCH_SIZE` and put the rest here for later processing.
 	chain_import_backlog: VecDeque<ScrapedOnChainVotes>,
 	metrics: Metrics,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 }
 
 #[overseer::contextbounds(DisputeCoordinator, prefix = self::overseer)]
@@ -131,7 +133,13 @@ impl Initialized {
 		highest_session_seen: SessionIndex,
 		gaps_in_cache: bool,
 	) -> Self {
-		let DisputeCoordinatorSubsystem { config: _, store: _, keystore, metrics } = subsystem;
+		let DisputeCoordinatorSubsystem {
+			config: _,
+			store: _,
+			keystore,
+			metrics,
+			approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
+		} = subsystem;
 
 		let (participation_sender, participation_receiver) = mpsc::channel(1);
 		let participation = Participation::new(participation_sender, metrics.clone());
@@ -149,6 +157,7 @@ impl Initialized {
 			participation_receiver,
 			chain_import_backlog: VecDeque::new(),
 			metrics,
+			approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1060,9 +1069,21 @@ impl Initialized {
 				// 4. We are waiting (and blocking the whole subsystem) on a response right after -
 				// therefore even with all else failing we will never have more than
 				// one message in flight at any given time.
-				ctx.send_unbounded_message(
-					ApprovalVotingMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(candidate_hash, tx),
-				);
+				if self.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+					ctx.send_unbounded_message(
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(
+							candidate_hash,
+							tx,
+						),
+					);
+				} else {
+					ctx.send_unbounded_message(
+						ApprovalVotingMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(
+							candidate_hash,
+							tx,
+						),
+					);
+				}
 				match rx.await {
 					Err(_) => {
 						gum::warn!(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/lib.rs
index 865a0c86533ed2cc8c5c2bdbc1a32c456b9b0e0e..3078ada5d53f168ec5fda2a84a443c7a92604353 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/lib.rs
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ pub struct DisputeCoordinatorSubsystem {
 	store: Arc<dyn Database>,
 	keystore: Arc<LocalKeystore>,
 	metrics: Metrics,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 }
 
 /// Configuration for the dispute coordinator subsystem.
@@ -164,8 +165,9 @@ impl DisputeCoordinatorSubsystem {
 		config: Config,
 		keystore: Arc<LocalKeystore>,
 		metrics: Metrics,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 	) -> Self {
-		Self { store, config, keystore, metrics }
+		Self { store, config, keystore, metrics, approval_voting_parallel_enabled }
 	}
 
 	/// Initialize and afterwards run `Initialized::run`.
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/participation/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/participation/mod.rs
index b8f5ed472a6be1dc00fab6ba403bcb159321e20b..770c44f7d60983c4c006297536e0ec215e92945c 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/participation/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/participation/mod.rs
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ use futures_timer::Delay;
 
 use polkadot_node_primitives::ValidationResult;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	messages::{AvailabilityRecoveryMessage, CandidateValidationMessage},
+	messages::{AvailabilityRecoveryMessage, CandidateValidationMessage, PvfExecKind},
 	overseer, ActiveLeavesUpdate, RecoveryError,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::runtime::get_validation_code_by_hash;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	vstaging::CandidateReceiptV2 as CandidateReceipt, BlockNumber, CandidateHash, Hash,
-	PvfExecKind, SessionIndex,
+	SessionIndex,
 };
 
 use crate::LOG_TARGET;
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ async fn participate(
 			candidate_receipt: req.candidate_receipt().clone(),
 			pov: available_data.pov,
 			executor_params: req.executor_params(),
-			exec_kind: PvfExecKind::Approval,
+			exec_kind: PvfExecKind::Dispute,
 			response_sender: validation_tx,
 		})
 		.await;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/participation/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/participation/tests.rs
index 8746d6e3287a1c8dc280dde570c75f21f52a6870..23f7984965b39f85334c579aab6093382489993c 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/participation/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/participation/tests.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use codec::Encode;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{AvailableData, BlockData, InvalidCandidate, PoV};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	messages::{
-		AllMessages, ChainApiMessage, DisputeCoordinatorMessage, RuntimeApiMessage,
+		AllMessages, ChainApiMessage, DisputeCoordinatorMessage, PvfExecKind, RuntimeApiMessage,
 		RuntimeApiRequest,
 	},
 	ActiveLeavesUpdate, SpawnGlue,
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ pub async fn participation_full_happy_path(
 	ctx_handle.recv().await,
 	AllMessages::CandidateValidation(
 		CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive { candidate_receipt, exec_kind, response_sender, .. }
-		) if exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Approval => {
+		) if exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Dispute => {
 			if expected_commitments_hash != candidate_receipt.commitments_hash {
 				response_sender.send(Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid(InvalidCandidate::CommitmentsHashMismatch))).unwrap();
 			} else {
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ fn cast_invalid_vote_if_validation_fails_or_is_invalid() {
 			ctx_handle.recv().await,
 			AllMessages::CandidateValidation(
 				CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive { exec_kind, response_sender, .. }
-			) if exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Approval => {
+			) if exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Dispute => {
 				response_sender.send(Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid(InvalidCandidate::Timeout))).unwrap();
 			},
 			"overseer did not receive candidate validation message",
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ fn cast_invalid_vote_if_commitments_dont_match() {
 			ctx_handle.recv().await,
 			AllMessages::CandidateValidation(
 				CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive { exec_kind, response_sender, .. }
-			) if exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Approval => {
+			) if exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Dispute => {
 				response_sender.send(Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid(InvalidCandidate::CommitmentsHashMismatch))).unwrap();
 			},
 			"overseer did not receive candidate validation message",
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ fn cast_valid_vote_if_validation_passes() {
 			ctx_handle.recv().await,
 			AllMessages::CandidateValidation(
 				CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive { exec_kind, response_sender, .. }
-			) if exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Approval => {
+			) if exec_kind == PvfExecKind::Dispute => {
 				response_sender.send(Ok(ValidationResult::Valid(dummy_candidate_commitments(None), PersistedValidationData::default()))).unwrap();
 			},
 			"overseer did not receive candidate validation message",
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/tests.rs
index 36c6e75b420beb2c7310d86f41669cba7b77160e..9383f71804ed0f84be5e3c94580a37501a733b56 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/dispute-coordinator/src/tests.rs
@@ -585,6 +585,7 @@ impl TestState {
 			self.config,
 			self.subsystem_keystore.clone(),
 			Metrics::default(),
+			false,
 		);
 		let backend =
 			DbBackend::new(self.db.clone(), self.config.column_config(), Metrics::default());
@@ -2801,7 +2802,7 @@ fn participation_with_onchain_disabling_confirmed() {
 				})
 				.await;
 
-			handle_disabled_validators_queries(&mut virtual_overseer, vec![]).await;
+			handle_disabled_validators_queries(&mut virtual_overseer, vec![disabled_index]).await;
 			handle_approval_vote_request(&mut virtual_overseer, &candidate_hash, HashMap::new())
 				.await;
 			assert_eq!(confirmation_rx.await, Ok(ImportStatementsResult::ValidImport));
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/prospective-parachains/src/fragment_chain/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/core/prospective-parachains/src/fragment_chain/tests.rs
index ebdfd76c37a476f982b0e72954ccec1a260236ef..9708b0871c2a85f7c6aab4bc5565e818728a2653 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/prospective-parachains/src/fragment_chain/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/prospective-parachains/src/fragment_chain/tests.rs
@@ -1435,7 +1435,7 @@ fn test_find_ancestor_path_and_find_backable_chain() {
 	// Now back all candidates. Back them in a random order. The result should always be the same.
 	let mut candidates_shuffled = candidates.clone();
 	candidates_shuffled.shuffle(&mut thread_rng());
-	for candidate in candidates.iter() {
+	for candidate in candidates_shuffled.iter() {
 		chain.candidate_backed(candidate);
 		storage.mark_backed(candidate);
 	}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/provisioner/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/core/provisioner/src/lib.rs
index c8dbdfd4b6dba96950077a87f16f79e466f34621..a95df6c5f8808950f4531c0ba5f20cac07a959ab 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/provisioner/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/provisioner/src/lib.rs
@@ -27,13 +27,12 @@ use futures_timer::Delay;
 use schnellru::{ByLength, LruMap};
 
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{
 		Ancestors, CandidateBackingMessage, ChainApiMessage, ProspectiveParachainsMessage,
 		ProvisionableData, ProvisionerInherentData, ProvisionerMessage, RuntimeApiRequest,
 	},
-	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, PerLeafSpan,
-	SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError,
+	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem,
+	SubsystemError,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 	has_required_runtime, request_availability_cores, request_persisted_validation_data,
@@ -96,13 +95,10 @@ pub struct PerRelayParent {
 	signed_bitfields: Vec<SignedAvailabilityBitfield>,
 	is_inherent_ready: bool,
 	awaiting_inherent: Vec<oneshot::Sender<ProvisionerInherentData>>,
-	span: PerLeafSpan,
 }
 
 impl PerRelayParent {
 	fn new(leaf: ActivatedLeaf, per_session: &PerSession) -> Self {
-		let span = PerLeafSpan::new(leaf.span.clone(), "provisioner");
-
 		Self {
 			leaf,
 			backed_candidates: Vec::new(),
@@ -111,7 +107,6 @@ impl PerRelayParent {
 			signed_bitfields: Vec::new(),
 			is_inherent_ready: false,
 			awaiting_inherent: Vec::new(),
-			span,
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -271,12 +266,11 @@ async fn handle_communication<Context>(
 		},
 		ProvisionerMessage::ProvisionableData(relay_parent, data) => {
 			if let Some(state) = per_relay_parent.get_mut(&relay_parent) {
-				let span = state.span.child("provisionable-data");
 				let _timer = metrics.time_provisionable_data();
 
 				gum::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?relay_parent, "Received provisionable data: {:?}", &data);
 
-				note_provisionable_data(state, &span, data);
+				note_provisionable_data(state, data);
 			}
 		},
 	}
@@ -296,12 +290,10 @@ async fn send_inherent_data_bg<Context>(
 	let backed_candidates = per_relay_parent.backed_candidates.clone();
 	let mode = per_relay_parent.prospective_parachains_mode;
 	let elastic_scaling_mvp = per_relay_parent.elastic_scaling_mvp;
-	let span = per_relay_parent.span.child("req-inherent-data");
 
 	let mut sender = ctx.sender().clone();
 
 	let bg = async move {
-		let _span = span;
 		let _timer = metrics.time_request_inherent_data();
 
 		gum::trace!(
@@ -360,7 +352,6 @@ async fn send_inherent_data_bg<Context>(
 
 fn note_provisionable_data(
 	per_relay_parent: &mut PerRelayParent,
-	span: &jaeger::Span,
 	provisionable_data: ProvisionableData,
 ) {
 	match provisionable_data {
@@ -374,10 +365,6 @@ fn note_provisionable_data(
 				para = ?backed_candidate.descriptor().para_id(),
 				"noted backed candidate",
 			);
-			let _span = span
-				.child("provisionable-backed")
-				.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-				.with_para_id(backed_candidate.descriptor().para_id());
 			per_relay_parent.backed_candidates.push(backed_candidate);
 		},
 		// We choose not to punish these forms of misbehavior for the time being.
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/Cargo.toml
index d603af04bf061fc16dfb00979e3aaf85b21adb60..13fcdc69a99a2b925cb054902ce8fddc17c3cf4f 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/Cargo.toml
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ slotmap = { workspace = true }
 tempfile = { workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { features = ["fs", "process"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
+strum = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 codec = { features = [
 	"derive",
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/build.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/build.rs
index e01cc6deecc22c574a929c96f0684d777764149e..e46f2dc5f55a94aa3fda4a6ce8b1806aa069120f 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/build.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/build.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@
 
 fn main() {
 	if let Ok(profile) = std::env::var("PROFILE") {
-		println!(r#"cargo:rustc-cfg=build_type="{}""#, profile);
+		println!(r#"cargo:rustc-cfg=build_profile="{}""#, profile);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/common/src/worker/security/change_root.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/common/src/worker/security/change_root.rs
index 9ec66906819f189910ccec6d61081e4575a17957..fcfaf6541c291b682b6decdb4de720e280da9556 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/common/src/worker/security/change_root.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/common/src/worker/security/change_root.rs
@@ -124,7 +124,8 @@ fn try_restrict(worker_info: &WorkerInfo) -> Result<()> {
 				libc::MS_BIND |
 					libc::MS_REC | libc::MS_NOEXEC |
 					libc::MS_NODEV | libc::MS_NOSUID |
-					libc::MS_NOATIME | additional_flags,
+					libc::MS_NOATIME |
+					additional_flags,
 				ptr::null(), // ignored when MS_BIND is used
 			) < 0
 			{
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/artifacts.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/artifacts.rs
index 119af34082a97f412a5a9135c1f92da3fd5ee9d9..1126a0c90c8ce9f87ebc368f15a028d2d2e75252 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/artifacts.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/artifacts.rs
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 
 use crate::{host::PrecheckResultSender, worker_interface::WORKER_DIR_PREFIX};
 use always_assert::always;
-use polkadot_node_core_pvf_common::{error::PrepareError, prepare::PrepareStats, pvf::PvfPrepData};
+use polkadot_node_core_pvf_common::{error::PrepareError, pvf::PvfPrepData};
 use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::ValidationCodeHash;
 use polkadot_primitives::ExecutorParamsPrepHash;
 use std::{
@@ -144,8 +144,6 @@ pub enum ArtifactState {
 		last_time_needed: SystemTime,
 		/// Size in bytes
 		size: u64,
-		/// Stats produced by successful preparation.
-		prepare_stats: PrepareStats,
 	},
 	/// A task to prepare this artifact is scheduled.
 	Preparing {
@@ -269,15 +267,11 @@ impl Artifacts {
 		path: PathBuf,
 		last_time_needed: SystemTime,
 		size: u64,
-		prepare_stats: PrepareStats,
 	) {
 		// See the precondition.
 		always!(self
 			.inner
-			.insert(
-				artifact_id,
-				ArtifactState::Prepared { path, last_time_needed, size, prepare_stats }
-			)
+			.insert(artifact_id, ArtifactState::Prepared { path, last_time_needed, size })
 			.is_none());
 	}
 
@@ -384,21 +378,18 @@ mod tests {
 			path1.clone(),
 			mock_now - Duration::from_secs(5),
 			1024,
-			PrepareStats::default(),
 		);
 		artifacts.insert_prepared(
 			artifact_id2.clone(),
 			path2.clone(),
 			mock_now - Duration::from_secs(10),
 			1024,
-			PrepareStats::default(),
 		);
 		artifacts.insert_prepared(
 			artifact_id3.clone(),
 			path3.clone(),
 			mock_now - Duration::from_secs(15),
 			1024,
-			PrepareStats::default(),
 		);
 
 		let pruned = artifacts.prune(&cleanup_config);
@@ -432,21 +423,18 @@ mod tests {
 			path1.clone(),
 			mock_now - Duration::from_secs(5),
 			1024,
-			PrepareStats::default(),
 		);
 		artifacts.insert_prepared(
 			artifact_id2.clone(),
 			path2.clone(),
 			mock_now - Duration::from_secs(10),
 			1024,
-			PrepareStats::default(),
 		);
 		artifacts.insert_prepared(
 			artifact_id3.clone(),
 			path3.clone(),
 			mock_now - Duration::from_secs(15),
 			1024,
-			PrepareStats::default(),
 		);
 
 		let pruned = artifacts.prune(&cleanup_config);
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/execute/queue.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/execute/queue.rs
index 11031bf1074a297e246a4e341efe8488a2692b1b..2ac5116912eb9eb6374d27802b0a56c5a02e22d3 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/execute/queue.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/execute/queue.rs
@@ -35,15 +35,17 @@ use polkadot_node_core_pvf_common::{
 	SecurityStatus,
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::PoV;
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::PvfExecKind;
 use polkadot_primitives::{ExecutorParams, ExecutorParamsHash, PersistedValidationData};
 use slotmap::HopSlotMap;
 use std::{
-	collections::VecDeque,
+	collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
 	fmt,
 	path::PathBuf,
 	sync::Arc,
 	time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
+use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
 
 /// The amount of time a job for which the queue does not have a compatible worker may wait in the
 /// queue. After that time passes, the queue will kill the first worker which becomes idle to
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ pub struct PendingExecutionRequest {
 	pub pov: Arc<PoV>,
 	pub executor_params: ExecutorParams,
 	pub result_tx: ResultSender,
+	pub exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 }
 
 struct ExecuteJob {
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ impl Workers {
 
 enum QueueEvent {
 	Spawn(IdleWorker, WorkerHandle, ExecuteJob),
-	StartWork(
+	FinishWork(
 		Worker,
 		Result<WorkerInterfaceResponse, WorkerInterfaceError>,
 		ArtifactId,
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@ struct Queue {
 	security_status: SecurityStatus,
 
 	/// The queue of jobs that are waiting for a worker to pick up.
-	queue: VecDeque<ExecuteJob>,
+	unscheduled: Unscheduled,
 	workers: Workers,
 	mux: Mux,
 }
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ impl Queue {
 			security_status,
 			to_queue_rx,
 			from_queue_tx,
-			queue: VecDeque::new(),
+			unscheduled: Unscheduled::new(),
 			mux: Mux::new(),
 			workers: Workers {
 				running: HopSlotMap::with_capacity_and_key(10),
@@ -226,9 +229,13 @@ impl Queue {
 	/// If all the workers are busy or the queue is empty, it does nothing.
 	/// Should be called every time a new job arrives to the queue or a job finishes.
 	fn try_assign_next_job(&mut self, finished_worker: Option<Worker>) {
-		// New jobs are always pushed to the tail of the queue; the one at its head is always
-		// the eldest one.
-		let eldest = if let Some(eldest) = self.queue.get(0) { eldest } else { return };
+		// We always work at the same priority level
+		let priority = self.unscheduled.select_next_priority();
+		let Some(queue) = self.unscheduled.get_mut(priority) else { return };
+
+		// New jobs are always pushed to the tail of the queue based on their priority;
+		// the one at its head of each queue is always the eldest one.
+		let eldest = if let Some(eldest) = queue.get(0) { eldest } else { return };
 
 		// By default, we're going to execute the eldest job on any worker slot available, even if
 		// we have to kill and re-spawn a worker
@@ -240,7 +247,7 @@ impl Queue {
 		if eldest.waiting_since.elapsed() < MAX_KEEP_WAITING {
 			if let Some(finished_worker) = finished_worker {
 				if let Some(worker_data) = self.workers.running.get(finished_worker) {
-					for (i, job) in self.queue.iter().enumerate() {
+					for (i, job) in queue.iter().enumerate() {
 						if worker_data.executor_params_hash == job.executor_params.hash() {
 							(worker, job_index) = (Some(finished_worker), i);
 							break
@@ -252,7 +259,7 @@ impl Queue {
 
 		if worker.is_none() {
 			// Try to obtain a worker for the job
-			worker = self.workers.find_available(self.queue[job_index].executor_params.hash());
+			worker = self.workers.find_available(queue[job_index].executor_params.hash());
 		}
 
 		if worker.is_none() {
@@ -270,13 +277,15 @@ impl Queue {
 			return
 		}
 
-		let job = self.queue.remove(job_index).expect("Job is just checked to be in queue; qed");
+		let job = queue.remove(job_index).expect("Job is just checked to be in queue; qed");
 
 		if let Some(worker) = worker {
 			assign(self, worker, job);
 		} else {
 			spawn_extra_worker(self, job);
 		}
+		self.metrics.on_execute_kind(priority);
+		self.unscheduled.mark_scheduled(priority);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -297,7 +306,7 @@ async fn purge_dead(metrics: &Metrics, workers: &mut Workers) {
 
 fn handle_to_queue(queue: &mut Queue, to_queue: ToQueue) {
 	let ToQueue::Enqueue { artifact, pending_execution_request } = to_queue;
-	let PendingExecutionRequest { exec_timeout, pvd, pov, executor_params, result_tx } =
+	let PendingExecutionRequest { exec_timeout, pvd, pov, executor_params, result_tx, exec_kind } =
 		pending_execution_request;
 	gum::debug!(
 		target: LOG_TARGET,
@@ -315,7 +324,7 @@ fn handle_to_queue(queue: &mut Queue, to_queue: ToQueue) {
 		result_tx,
 		waiting_since: Instant::now(),
 	};
-	queue.queue.push_back(job);
+	queue.unscheduled.add(job, exec_kind);
 	queue.try_assign_next_job(None);
 }
 
@@ -324,7 +333,7 @@ async fn handle_mux(queue: &mut Queue, event: QueueEvent) {
 		QueueEvent::Spawn(idle, handle, job) => {
 			handle_worker_spawned(queue, idle, handle, job);
 		},
-		QueueEvent::StartWork(worker, outcome, artifact_id, result_tx) => {
+		QueueEvent::FinishWork(worker, outcome, artifact_id, result_tx) => {
 			handle_job_finish(queue, worker, outcome, artifact_id, result_tx).await;
 		},
 	}
@@ -606,7 +615,7 @@ fn assign(queue: &mut Queue, worker: Worker, job: ExecuteJob) {
 				job.pov,
 			)
 			.await;
-			QueueEvent::StartWork(worker, result, job.artifact.id, job.result_tx)
+			QueueEvent::FinishWork(worker, result, job.artifact.id, job.result_tx)
 		}
 		.boxed(),
 	);
@@ -638,3 +647,297 @@ pub fn start(
 	.run();
 	(to_queue_tx, from_queue_rx, run)
 }
+
+struct Unscheduled {
+	unscheduled: HashMap<PvfExecKind, VecDeque<ExecuteJob>>,
+	counter: HashMap<PvfExecKind, usize>,
+}
+
+impl Unscheduled {
+	/// We keep track of every scheduled job in the `counter`, but reset it if the total number of
+	/// counted jobs reaches the threshold. This number is set as the maximum amount of jobs per
+	/// relay chain block possible with 4 CPU cores and 2 seconds of execution time. Under normal
+	/// conditions, the maximum expected queue size is at least vrf_module_samples(6) + 1 for
+	/// backing a parachain candidate. A buffer is added to cover situations where more work
+	/// arrives in the queue.
+	const SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE: usize = 12;
+
+	/// A threshold in percentages indicates how much time a current priority can "steal" from lower
+	/// priorities. Given the `SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE` is 12 and all job priorities are present:
+	/// - Disputes consume 70% or 8 jobs in a row.
+	/// - The remaining 30% of original 100% is allocated for approval and all backing jobs.
+	/// - 80% or 3 jobs of the remaining goes to approvals.
+	/// - The remaining 6% of original 100% is allocated for all backing jobs.
+	/// - 100% or 1 job of the remaining goes to backing system parachains.
+	/// - Nothing is left for backing.
+	/// - The counter is restarted and the distribution starts from the beginning.
+	///
+	/// This system might seem complex, but we operate with the remaining percentages because:
+	/// - Not all job types are present in each block. If we used parts of the original 100%,
+	///   approvals could not exceed 24%, even if there are no disputes.
+	/// - We cannot fully prioritize backing system parachains over backing other parachains based
+	///   on the distribution of the original 100%.
+	const PRIORITY_ALLOCATION_THRESHOLDS: &'static [(PvfExecKind, usize)] = &[
+		(PvfExecKind::Dispute, 70),
+		(PvfExecKind::Approval, 80),
+		(PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas, 100),
+		(PvfExecKind::Backing, 100),
+	];
+
+	fn new() -> Self {
+		Self {
+			unscheduled: PvfExecKind::iter().map(|priority| (priority, VecDeque::new())).collect(),
+			counter: PvfExecKind::iter().map(|priority| (priority, 0)).collect(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn select_next_priority(&self) -> PvfExecKind {
+		gum::debug!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			unscheduled = ?self.unscheduled.iter().map(|(p, q)| (*p, q.len())).collect::<HashMap<PvfExecKind, usize>>(),
+			counter = ?self.counter,
+			"Selecting next execution priority...",
+		);
+
+		let priority = PvfExecKind::iter()
+			.find(|priority| self.has_pending(priority) && !self.has_reached_threshold(priority))
+			.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+				PvfExecKind::iter()
+					.find(|priority| self.has_pending(priority))
+					.unwrap_or(PvfExecKind::Backing)
+			});
+
+		gum::debug!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			?priority,
+			"Selected next execution priority",
+		);
+
+		priority
+	}
+
+	fn get_mut(&mut self, priority: PvfExecKind) -> Option<&mut VecDeque<ExecuteJob>> {
+		self.unscheduled.get_mut(&priority)
+	}
+
+	fn add(&mut self, job: ExecuteJob, priority: PvfExecKind) {
+		self.unscheduled.entry(priority).or_default().push_back(job);
+	}
+
+	fn has_pending(&self, priority: &PvfExecKind) -> bool {
+		!self.unscheduled.get(priority).unwrap_or(&VecDeque::new()).is_empty()
+	}
+
+	fn priority_allocation_threshold(priority: &PvfExecKind) -> Option<usize> {
+		Self::PRIORITY_ALLOCATION_THRESHOLDS.iter().find_map(|&(p, value)| {
+			if p == *priority {
+				Some(value)
+			} else {
+				None
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	/// Checks if a given priority has reached its allocated threshold
+	/// The thresholds are defined in `PRIORITY_ALLOCATION_THRESHOLDS`.
+	fn has_reached_threshold(&self, priority: &PvfExecKind) -> bool {
+		let Some(threshold) = Self::priority_allocation_threshold(priority) else { return false };
+		let Some(count) = self.counter.get(&priority) else { return false };
+		// Every time we iterate by lower level priorities
+		let total_scheduled_at_priority_or_lower: usize = self
+			.counter
+			.iter()
+			.filter_map(|(p, c)| if *p >= *priority { Some(c) } else { None })
+			.sum();
+		if total_scheduled_at_priority_or_lower == 0 {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		let has_reached_threshold = count * 100 / total_scheduled_at_priority_or_lower >= threshold;
+
+		gum::debug!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			?priority,
+			?count,
+			?total_scheduled_at_priority_or_lower,
+			"Execution priority has {}reached threshold: {}/{}%",
+			if has_reached_threshold {""} else {"not "},
+			count * 100 / total_scheduled_at_priority_or_lower,
+			threshold
+		);
+
+		has_reached_threshold
+	}
+
+	fn mark_scheduled(&mut self, priority: PvfExecKind) {
+		*self.counter.entry(priority).or_default() += 1;
+
+		if self.counter.values().sum::<usize>() >= Self::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			self.reset_counter();
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn reset_counter(&mut self) {
+		self.counter = PvfExecKind::iter().map(|kind| (kind, 0)).collect();
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use polkadot_node_primitives::BlockData;
+	use sp_core::H256;
+
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::testing::artifact_id;
+	use std::time::Duration;
+
+	fn create_execution_job() -> ExecuteJob {
+		let (result_tx, _result_rx) = oneshot::channel();
+		let pvd = Arc::new(PersistedValidationData {
+			parent_head: Default::default(),
+			relay_parent_number: 1u32,
+			relay_parent_storage_root: H256::default(),
+			max_pov_size: 4096 * 1024,
+		});
+		let pov = Arc::new(PoV { block_data: BlockData(b"pov".to_vec()) });
+		ExecuteJob {
+			artifact: ArtifactPathId { id: artifact_id(0), path: PathBuf::new() },
+			exec_timeout: Duration::from_secs(10),
+			pvd,
+			pov,
+			executor_params: ExecutorParams::default(),
+			result_tx,
+			waiting_since: Instant::now(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_unscheduled_add() {
+		let mut unscheduled = Unscheduled::new();
+
+		PvfExecKind::iter().for_each(|priority| {
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), priority);
+		});
+
+		PvfExecKind::iter().for_each(|priority| {
+			let queue = unscheduled.unscheduled.get(&priority).unwrap();
+			assert_eq!(queue.len(), 1);
+		});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_unscheduled_priority_distribution() {
+		use PvfExecKind::*;
+
+		let mut priorities = vec![];
+
+		let mut unscheduled = Unscheduled::new();
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Dispute);
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Approval);
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), BackingSystemParas);
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Backing);
+		}
+
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			let priority = unscheduled.select_next_priority();
+			priorities.push(priority);
+			unscheduled.mark_scheduled(priority);
+		}
+
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Dispute).count(), 8);
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Approval).count(), 3);
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == BackingSystemParas).count(), 1);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_unscheduled_priority_distribution_without_backing_system_paras() {
+		use PvfExecKind::*;
+
+		let mut priorities = vec![];
+
+		let mut unscheduled = Unscheduled::new();
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Dispute);
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Approval);
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Backing);
+		}
+
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			let priority = unscheduled.select_next_priority();
+			priorities.push(priority);
+			unscheduled.mark_scheduled(priority);
+		}
+
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Dispute).count(), 8);
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Approval).count(), 3);
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Backing).count(), 1);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_unscheduled_priority_distribution_without_disputes() {
+		use PvfExecKind::*;
+
+		let mut priorities = vec![];
+
+		let mut unscheduled = Unscheduled::new();
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Approval);
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), BackingSystemParas);
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Backing);
+		}
+
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			let priority = unscheduled.select_next_priority();
+			priorities.push(priority);
+			unscheduled.mark_scheduled(priority);
+		}
+
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Approval).count(), 9);
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == BackingSystemParas).count(), 2);
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Backing).count(), 1);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_unscheduled_priority_distribution_without_disputes_and_only_one_backing() {
+		use PvfExecKind::*;
+
+		let mut priorities = vec![];
+
+		let mut unscheduled = Unscheduled::new();
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Approval);
+		}
+		unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Backing);
+
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			let priority = unscheduled.select_next_priority();
+			priorities.push(priority);
+			unscheduled.mark_scheduled(priority);
+		}
+
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Approval).count(), 11);
+		assert_eq!(priorities.iter().filter(|v| **v == Backing).count(), 1);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_unscheduled_does_not_postpone_backing() {
+		use PvfExecKind::*;
+
+		let mut priorities = vec![];
+
+		let mut unscheduled = Unscheduled::new();
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Approval);
+		}
+		unscheduled.add(create_execution_job(), Backing);
+
+		for _ in 0..Unscheduled::SCHEDULING_WINDOW_SIZE {
+			let priority = unscheduled.select_next_priority();
+			priorities.push(priority);
+			unscheduled.mark_scheduled(priority);
+		}
+
+		assert_eq!(&priorities[..4], &[Approval, Backing, Approval, Approval]);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/host.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/host.rs
index 44a4cba2fbf864d16117ee98ff4034e2469f55a2..37cd6fcbf74aae3672e60c2de304e535e7018e6f 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/host.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/host.rs
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ use polkadot_node_core_pvf_common::{
 	pvf::PvfPrepData,
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::PoV;
-use polkadot_node_subsystem::{SubsystemError, SubsystemResult};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::{messages::PvfExecKind, SubsystemError, SubsystemResult};
 use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::ValidationResult;
 use polkadot_primitives::PersistedValidationData;
 use std::{
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ impl ValidationHost {
 		pvd: Arc<PersistedValidationData>,
 		pov: Arc<PoV>,
 		priority: Priority,
+		exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 		result_tx: ResultSender,
 	) -> Result<(), String> {
 		self.to_host_tx
@@ -123,6 +124,7 @@ impl ValidationHost {
 				pvd,
 				pov,
 				priority,
+				exec_kind,
 				result_tx,
 			}))
 			.await
@@ -155,6 +157,7 @@ struct ExecutePvfInputs {
 	pvd: Arc<PersistedValidationData>,
 	pov: Arc<PoV>,
 	priority: Priority,
+	exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
 	result_tx: ResultSender,
 }
 
@@ -545,7 +548,7 @@ async fn handle_execute_pvf(
 	awaiting_prepare: &mut AwaitingPrepare,
 	inputs: ExecutePvfInputs,
 ) -> Result<(), Fatal> {
-	let ExecutePvfInputs { pvf, exec_timeout, pvd, pov, priority, result_tx } = inputs;
+	let ExecutePvfInputs { pvf, exec_timeout, pvd, pov, priority, exec_kind, result_tx } = inputs;
 	let artifact_id = ArtifactId::from_pvf_prep_data(&pvf);
 	let executor_params = (*pvf.executor_params()).clone();
 
@@ -567,6 +570,7 @@ async fn handle_execute_pvf(
 								pvd,
 								pov,
 								executor_params,
+								exec_kind,
 								result_tx,
 							},
 						},
@@ -597,6 +601,7 @@ async fn handle_execute_pvf(
 							pvd,
 							pov,
 							executor_params,
+							exec_kind,
 							result_tx,
 						},
 					)
@@ -606,7 +611,14 @@ async fn handle_execute_pvf(
 			ArtifactState::Preparing { .. } => {
 				awaiting_prepare.add(
 					artifact_id,
-					PendingExecutionRequest { exec_timeout, pvd, pov, executor_params, result_tx },
+					PendingExecutionRequest {
+						exec_timeout,
+						pvd,
+						pov,
+						executor_params,
+						result_tx,
+						exec_kind,
+					},
 				);
 			},
 			ArtifactState::FailedToProcess { last_time_failed, num_failures, error } => {
@@ -638,6 +650,7 @@ async fn handle_execute_pvf(
 							pvd,
 							pov,
 							executor_params,
+							exec_kind,
 							result_tx,
 						},
 					)
@@ -657,7 +670,14 @@ async fn handle_execute_pvf(
 			pvf,
 			priority,
 			artifact_id,
-			PendingExecutionRequest { exec_timeout, pvd, pov, executor_params, result_tx },
+			PendingExecutionRequest {
+				exec_timeout,
+				pvd,
+				pov,
+				executor_params,
+				result_tx,
+				exec_kind,
+			},
 		)
 		.await?;
 	}
@@ -779,7 +799,7 @@ async fn handle_prepare_done(
 	// It's finally time to dispatch all the execution requests that were waiting for this artifact
 	// to be prepared.
 	let pending_requests = awaiting_prepare.take(&artifact_id);
-	for PendingExecutionRequest { exec_timeout, pvd, pov, executor_params, result_tx } in
+	for PendingExecutionRequest { exec_timeout, pvd, pov, executor_params, result_tx, exec_kind } in
 		pending_requests
 	{
 		if result_tx.is_canceled() {
@@ -805,6 +825,7 @@ async fn handle_prepare_done(
 					pvd,
 					pov,
 					executor_params,
+					exec_kind,
 					result_tx,
 				},
 			},
@@ -813,12 +834,8 @@ async fn handle_prepare_done(
 	}
 
 	*state = match result {
-		Ok(PrepareSuccess { path, stats: prepare_stats, size }) => ArtifactState::Prepared {
-			path,
-			last_time_needed: SystemTime::now(),
-			size,
-			prepare_stats,
-		},
+		Ok(PrepareSuccess { path, size, .. }) =>
+			ArtifactState::Prepared { path, last_time_needed: SystemTime::now(), size },
 		Err(error) => {
 			let last_time_failed = SystemTime::now();
 			let num_failures = *num_failures + 1;
@@ -976,7 +993,6 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 	use crate::{artifacts::generate_artifact_path, testing::artifact_id, PossiblyInvalidError};
 	use assert_matches::assert_matches;
 	use futures::future::BoxFuture;
-	use polkadot_node_core_pvf_common::prepare::PrepareStats;
 	use polkadot_node_primitives::BlockData;
 	use sp_core::H256;
 
@@ -1196,20 +1212,8 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 		builder.cleanup_config = ArtifactsCleanupConfig::new(1024, Duration::from_secs(0));
 		let path1 = generate_artifact_path(cache_path);
 		let path2 = generate_artifact_path(cache_path);
-		builder.artifacts.insert_prepared(
-			artifact_id(1),
-			path1.clone(),
-			mock_now,
-			1024,
-			PrepareStats::default(),
-		);
-		builder.artifacts.insert_prepared(
-			artifact_id(2),
-			path2.clone(),
-			mock_now,
-			1024,
-			PrepareStats::default(),
-		);
+		builder.artifacts.insert_prepared(artifact_id(1), path1.clone(), mock_now, 1024);
+		builder.artifacts.insert_prepared(artifact_id(2), path2.clone(), mock_now, 1024);
 		let mut test = builder.build();
 		let mut host = test.host_handle();
 
@@ -1251,6 +1255,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov1.clone(),
 			Priority::Normal,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1263,6 +1268,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov1,
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1275,6 +1281,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd,
 			pov2,
 			Priority::Normal,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1424,6 +1431,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov.clone(),
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1472,6 +1480,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd,
 			pov,
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1582,6 +1591,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov.clone(),
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1613,6 +1623,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov.clone(),
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx_2,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1636,6 +1647,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov.clone(),
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx_3,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1694,6 +1706,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov.clone(),
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1725,6 +1738,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov.clone(),
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx_2,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1748,6 +1762,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd.clone(),
 			pov.clone(),
 			Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx_3,
 		)
 		.await
@@ -1822,6 +1837,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			pvd,
 			pov,
 			Priority::Normal,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing,
 			result_tx,
 		)
 		.await
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/metrics.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/metrics.rs
index c59cab4641805eca5dac8d60e554e21b79c97606..745f2de99e5899e996d0ff904e8394493d5cdd4f 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/metrics.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 use polkadot_node_core_pvf_common::prepare::MemoryStats;
 use polkadot_node_metrics::metrics::{self, prometheus};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::PvfExecKind;
 
 /// Validation host metrics.
 #[derive(Default, Clone)]
@@ -120,6 +121,13 @@ impl Metrics {
 				.observe(pov_size as f64);
 		}
 	}
+
+	/// When preparation pipeline concluded working on an item.
+	pub(crate) fn on_execute_kind(&self, kind: PvfExecKind) {
+		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
+			metrics.exec_kind_selected.with_label_values(&[kind.as_str()]).inc();
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -146,6 +154,7 @@ struct MetricsInner {
 	preparation_peak_tracked_allocation: prometheus::Histogram,
 	pov_size: prometheus::HistogramVec,
 	code_size: prometheus::Histogram,
+	exec_kind_selected: prometheus::CounterVec<prometheus::U64>,
 }
 
 impl metrics::Metrics for Metrics {
@@ -369,6 +378,16 @@ impl metrics::Metrics for Metrics {
 				)?,
 				registry,
 			)?,
+			exec_kind_selected: prometheus::register(
+				prometheus::CounterVec::new(
+					prometheus::Opts::new(
+						"polkadot_pvf_exec_kind_selected",
+						"The total number of selected execute kinds",
+					),
+					&["priority"],
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
 		};
 		Ok(Metrics(Some(inner)))
 	}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/prepare/pool.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/prepare/pool.rs
index 4e11f977c9e7d82527111cc9b751e15d1dc6c7a8..67cd71812e5230bf24680e7453dc202abfa85ce9 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/prepare/pool.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/prepare/pool.rs
@@ -343,14 +343,13 @@ fn handle_mux(
 				),
 				// Return `Concluded`, but do not kill the worker since the error was on the host
 				// side.
-				Outcome::RenameTmpFile { worker: idle, result: _, err, src, dest } =>
-					handle_concluded_no_rip(
-						from_pool,
-						spawned,
-						worker,
-						idle,
-						Err(PrepareError::RenameTmpFile { err, src, dest }),
-					),
+				Outcome::RenameTmpFile { worker: idle, err, src, dest } => handle_concluded_no_rip(
+					from_pool,
+					spawned,
+					worker,
+					idle,
+					Err(PrepareError::RenameTmpFile { err, src, dest }),
+				),
 				// Could not clear worker cache. Kill the worker so other jobs can't see the data.
 				Outcome::ClearWorkerDir { err } => {
 					if attempt_retire(metrics, spawned, worker) {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/prepare/worker_interface.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/prepare/worker_interface.rs
index d29d2717c4b6e38239c8357a711a2899f4010274..718416e8be76a1be77e627264476094f70d823fb 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/prepare/worker_interface.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/prepare/worker_interface.rs
@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ pub enum Outcome {
 	/// final destination location.
 	RenameTmpFile {
 		worker: IdleWorker,
-		result: PrepareWorkerResult,
 		err: String,
 		// Unfortunately `PathBuf` doesn't implement `Encode`/`Decode`, so we do a fallible
 		// conversion to `Option<String>`.
@@ -287,7 +286,6 @@ async fn handle_response(
 			);
 			Outcome::RenameTmpFile {
 				worker,
-				result,
 				err: format!("{:?}", err),
 				src: tmp_file.to_str().map(String::from),
 				dest: artifact_path.to_str().map(String::from),
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/priority.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/priority.rs
index 0d18d4b484cabbde70361019e7008887e419b350..7aaeacf3622093433594524451cd68761521409b 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/priority.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/priority.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::PvfExecKind;
+
 /// A priority assigned to preparation of a PVF.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 pub enum Priority {
@@ -35,3 +37,14 @@ impl Priority {
 		self == Priority::Critical
 	}
 }
+
+impl From<PvfExecKind> for Priority {
+	fn from(priority: PvfExecKind) -> Self {
+		match priority {
+			PvfExecKind::Dispute => Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::Approval => Priority::Critical,
+			PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas => Priority::Normal,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing => Priority::Normal,
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/testing.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/testing.rs
index 8c75dafa69c2554df5d7739ae4bfe9b1ccdf5c87..9a4004f390378ff29bed4a29d52243c57308eef3 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/testing.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/src/testing.rs
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ pub fn build_workers_and_get_paths() -> (PathBuf, PathBuf) {
 			"--bin=polkadot-execute-worker",
 		];
 
-		if cfg!(build_type = "release") {
+		if cfg!(build_profile = "release") {
 			build_args.push("--release");
 		}
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/tests/it/main.rs b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/tests/it/main.rs
index a4a0853189579ce96cf96d49f685c3de7de5af00..4cbc6fb04a8efaabbac8d56a5a90db624a3cc842 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/core/pvf/tests/it/main.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/core/pvf/tests/it/main.rs
@@ -25,9 +25,11 @@ use polkadot_node_core_pvf::{
 	ValidationHost, JOB_TIMEOUT_WALL_CLOCK_FACTOR,
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{PoV, POV_BOMB_LIMIT, VALIDATION_CODE_BOMB_LIMIT};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::PvfExecKind;
 use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::{BlockData, ValidationResult};
 use polkadot_primitives::{
-	ExecutorParam, ExecutorParams, PersistedValidationData, PvfExecKind, PvfPrepKind,
+	ExecutorParam, ExecutorParams, PersistedValidationData, PvfExecKind as RuntimePvfExecKind,
+	PvfPrepKind,
 };
 use sp_core::H256;
 
@@ -123,6 +125,7 @@ impl TestHost {
 				Arc::new(pvd),
 				Arc::new(pov),
 				polkadot_node_core_pvf::Priority::Normal,
+				PvfExecKind::Backing,
 				result_tx,
 			)
 			.await
@@ -580,8 +583,9 @@ async fn artifact_does_not_reprepare_on_non_meaningful_exec_parameter_change() {
 	let cache_dir = host.cache_dir.path();
 
 	let set1 = ExecutorParams::default();
-	let set2 =
-		ExecutorParams::from(&[ExecutorParam::PvfExecTimeout(PvfExecKind::Backing, 2500)][..]);
+	let set2 = ExecutorParams::from(
+		&[ExecutorParam::PvfExecTimeout(RuntimePvfExecKind::Backing, 2500)][..],
+	);
 
 	let _stats = host
 		.precheck_pvf(test_parachain_halt::wasm_binary_unwrap(), set1)
diff --git a/polkadot/node/jaeger/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/jaeger/Cargo.toml
deleted file mode 100644
index 90a6c80e3d0bd3ab2567933bf94d89b7a00dc1e9..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/polkadot/node/jaeger/Cargo.toml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "polkadot-node-jaeger"
-version = "7.0.0"
-authors.workspace = true
-edition.workspace = true
-license.workspace = true
-description = "Polkadot Jaeger primitives, but equally useful for Grafana/Tempo"
-
-[lints]
-workspace = true
-
-[dependencies]
-mick-jaeger = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
-parking_lot = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-node-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-network = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-network-types = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-thiserror = { workspace = true }
-tokio = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-codec = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/config.rs b/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/config.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 702a22e1245c8ecb628d11c95b879bc5bf88db7e..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/config.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Polkadot Jaeger configuration.
-
-/// Configuration for the jaeger tracing.
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct JaegerConfig {
-	pub(crate) node_name: String,
-	pub(crate) agent_addr: std::net::SocketAddr,
-}
-
-impl std::default::Default for JaegerConfig {
-	fn default() -> Self {
-		Self {
-			node_name: "unknown_".to_owned(),
-			agent_addr: "127.0.0.1:6831"
-				.parse()
-				.expect(r#"Static "127.0.0.1:6831" is a valid socket address string. qed"#),
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl JaegerConfig {
-	/// Use the builder pattern to construct a configuration.
-	pub fn builder() -> JaegerConfigBuilder {
-		JaegerConfigBuilder::default()
-	}
-}
-
-/// Jaeger configuration builder.
-#[derive(Default)]
-pub struct JaegerConfigBuilder {
-	inner: JaegerConfig,
-}
-
-impl JaegerConfigBuilder {
-	/// Set the name for this node.
-	pub fn named<S>(mut self, name: S) -> Self
-	where
-		S: AsRef<str>,
-	{
-		self.inner.node_name = name.as_ref().to_owned();
-		self
-	}
-
-	/// Set the agent address to send the collected spans to.
-	pub fn agent<U>(mut self, addr: U) -> Self
-	where
-		U: Into<std::net::SocketAddr>,
-	{
-		self.inner.agent_addr = addr.into();
-		self
-	}
-
-	/// Construct the configuration.
-	pub fn build(self) -> JaegerConfig {
-		self.inner
-	}
-}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/lib.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 7de4586068166f28a1d69d1787d2a960d298cf92..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/lib.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Polkadot Jaeger related primitives
-//!
-//! Provides primitives used by Polkadot for interfacing with Jaeger.
-//!
-//! # Integration
-//!
-//! See <https://www.jaegertracing.io/> for an introduction.
-//!
-//! The easiest way to try Jaeger is:
-//!
-//! - Start a docker container with the all-in-one docker image (see below).
-//! - Open your browser and navigate to <https://localhost:16686> to access the UI.
-//!
-//! The all-in-one image can be started with:
-//!
-//! ```not_rust
-//! podman login docker.io
-//! podman run -d --name jaeger \
-//!  -e COLLECTOR_ZIPKIN_HTTP_PORT=9411 \
-//!  -p 5775:5775/udp \
-//!  -p 6831:6831/udp \
-//!  -p 6832:6832/udp \
-//!  -p 5778:5778 \
-//!  -p 16686:16686 \
-//!  -p 14268:14268 \
-//!  -p 14250:14250 \
-//!  -p 9411:9411 \
-//!  docker.io/jaegertracing/all-in-one:1.21
-//! ```
-
-#![forbid(unused_imports)]
-
-mod config;
-mod errors;
-mod spans;
-
-pub use self::{
-	config::{JaegerConfig, JaegerConfigBuilder},
-	errors::JaegerError,
-	spans::{hash_to_trace_identifier, PerLeafSpan, Span, Stage},
-};
-
-use self::spans::TraceIdentifier;
-
-use sp_core::traits::SpawnNamed;
-
-use parking_lot::RwLock;
-use std::{result, sync::Arc};
-
-lazy_static::lazy_static! {
-	static ref INSTANCE: RwLock<Jaeger> = RwLock::new(Jaeger::None);
-}
-
-/// Stateful convenience wrapper around [`mick_jaeger`].
-pub enum Jaeger {
-	/// Launched and operational state.
-	Launched {
-		/// [`mick_jaeger`] provided API to record spans to.
-		traces_in: Arc<mick_jaeger::TracesIn>,
-	},
-	/// Preparation state with the necessary config to launch the collector.
-	Prep(JaegerConfig),
-	/// Uninitialized, suggests wrong API usage if encountered.
-	None,
-}
-
-impl Jaeger {
-	/// Spawn the jaeger instance.
-	pub fn new(cfg: JaegerConfig) -> Self {
-		Jaeger::Prep(cfg)
-	}
-
-	/// Spawn the background task in order to send the tracing information out via UDP
-	#[cfg(target_os = "unknown")]
-	pub fn launch<S: SpawnNamed>(self, _spawner: S) -> result::Result<(), JaegerError> {
-		Ok(())
-	}
-
-	/// Provide a no-thrills test setup helper.
-	#[cfg(test)]
-	pub fn test_setup() {
-		let mut instance = INSTANCE.write();
-		match *instance {
-			Self::Launched { .. } => {},
-			_ => {
-				let (traces_in, _traces_out) = mick_jaeger::init(mick_jaeger::Config {
-					service_name: "polkadot-jaeger-test".to_owned(),
-				});
-				*instance = Self::Launched { traces_in };
-			},
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Spawn the background task in order to send the tracing information out via UDP
-	#[cfg(not(target_os = "unknown"))]
-	pub fn launch<S: SpawnNamed>(self, spawner: S) -> result::Result<(), JaegerError> {
-		let cfg = match self {
-			Self::Prep(cfg) => Ok(cfg),
-			Self::Launched { .. } => return Err(JaegerError::AlreadyLaunched),
-			Self::None => Err(JaegerError::MissingConfiguration),
-		}?;
-
-		let jaeger_agent = cfg.agent_addr;
-
-		log::info!("🐹 Collecting jaeger spans for {:?}", &jaeger_agent);
-
-		let (traces_in, mut traces_out) = mick_jaeger::init(mick_jaeger::Config {
-			service_name: format!("polkadot-{}", cfg.node_name),
-		});
-
-		// Spawn a background task that pulls span information and sends them on the network.
-		spawner.spawn(
-			"jaeger-collector",
-			Some("jaeger"),
-			Box::pin(async move {
-				match tokio::net::UdpSocket::bind("0.0.0.0:0").await {
-					Ok(udp_socket) => loop {
-						let buf = traces_out.next().await;
-						// UDP sending errors happen only either if the API is misused or in case of
-						// missing privilege.
-						if let Err(e) = udp_socket.send_to(&buf, jaeger_agent).await {
-							log::debug!(target: "jaeger", "UDP send error: {}", e);
-						}
-					},
-					Err(e) => {
-						log::warn!(target: "jaeger", "UDP socket open error: {}", e);
-					},
-				}
-			}),
-		);
-
-		*INSTANCE.write() = Self::Launched { traces_in };
-		Ok(())
-	}
-
-	/// Create a span, but defer the evaluation/transformation into a `TraceIdentifier`.
-	///
-	/// The deferral allows to avoid the additional CPU runtime cost in case of
-	/// items that are not a pre-computed hash by themselves.
-	pub(crate) fn span<F>(&self, lazy_hash: F, span_name: &'static str) -> Option<mick_jaeger::Span>
-	where
-		F: Fn() -> TraceIdentifier,
-	{
-		if let Self::Launched { traces_in, .. } = self {
-			let ident = lazy_hash();
-			let trace_id = std::num::NonZeroU128::new(ident)?;
-			Some(traces_in.span(trace_id, span_name))
-		} else {
-			None
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/spans.rs b/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/spans.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index efc1a9f91d195eeeae3191bcccecec611250f3eb..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/spans.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,520 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Polkadot Jaeger span definitions.
-//!
-//! ```rust
-//! # use polkadot_primitives::{CandidateHash, Hash};
-//! # fn main() {
-//! use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
-//!
-//! let relay_parent = Hash::default();
-//! let candidate = CandidateHash::default();
-//!
-//! #[derive(Debug, Default)]
-//! struct Foo {
-//! 	a: u8,
-//! 	b: u16,
-//! 	c: u32,
-//! };
-//!
-//! let foo = Foo::default();
-//!
-//! let span =
-//! 	jaeger::Span::new(relay_parent, "root_of_aaall_spans")
-//! 		// explicit well defined items
-//! 		.with_candidate(candidate)
-//! 		// anything that implements `trait std::fmt::Debug`
-//! 		.with_string_fmt_debug_tag("foo", foo)
-//! 		// anything that implements `trait std::str::ToString`
-//! 		.with_string_tag("again", 1337_u32)
-//! 		// add a `Stage` for [`dot-jaeger`](https://github.com/paritytech/dot-jaeger)
-//! 		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::CandidateBacking);
-//! 		// complete by design, no completion required
-//! # }
-//! ```
-//!
-//! In a few cases additional annotations might want to be added
-//! over the course of a function, for this purpose use the non-consuming
-//! `fn` variants, i.e.
-//! ```rust
-//! # use polkadot_primitives::{CandidateHash, Hash};
-//! # fn main() {
-//! # use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
-//!
-//! # let relay_parent = Hash::default();
-//! # let candidate = CandidateHash::default();
-//!
-//! # #[derive(Debug, Default)]
-//! # struct Foo {
-//! # 	a: u8,
-//! # 	b: u16,
-//! # 	c: u32,
-//! # };
-//! #
-//! # let foo = Foo::default();
-//!
-//! let root_span =
-//! 	jaeger::Span::new(relay_parent, "root_of_aaall_spans");
-//!
-//! // the preferred way of adding additional delayed information:
-//! let span = root_span.child("inner");
-//!
-//! // ... more operations ...
-//!
-//! // but this is also possible:
-//!
-//! let mut root_span = root_span;
-//! root_span.add_string_fmt_debug_tag("foo_constructed", &foo);
-//! root_span.add_string_tag("bar", true);
-//! # }
-//! ```
-
-use codec::Encode;
-use polkadot_node_primitives::PoV;
-use polkadot_primitives::{
-	BlakeTwo256, CandidateHash, ChunkIndex, Hash, HashT, Id as ParaId, ValidatorIndex,
-};
-use sc_network_types::PeerId;
-
-use std::{fmt, sync::Arc};
-
-use super::INSTANCE;
-
-/// A special "per leaf span".
-///
-/// Essentially this span wraps two spans:
-///
-/// 1. The span that is created per leaf in the overseer.
-/// 2. Some child span of the per-leaf span.
-///
-/// This just works as auxiliary structure to easily store both.
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct PerLeafSpan {
-	leaf_span: Arc<Span>,
-	span: Span,
-}
-
-impl PerLeafSpan {
-	/// Creates a new instance.
-	///
-	/// Takes the `leaf_span` that is created by the overseer per leaf and a name for a child span.
-	/// Both will be stored in this object, while the child span is implicitly accessible by using
-	/// the [`Deref`](std::ops::Deref) implementation.
-	pub fn new(leaf_span: Arc<Span>, name: &'static str) -> Self {
-		let span = leaf_span.child(name);
-
-		Self { span, leaf_span }
-	}
-
-	/// Returns the leaf span.
-	pub fn leaf_span(&self) -> &Arc<Span> {
-		&self.leaf_span
-	}
-}
-
-/// Returns a reference to the child span.
-impl std::ops::Deref for PerLeafSpan {
-	type Target = Span;
-
-	fn deref(&self) -> &Span {
-		&self.span
-	}
-}
-
-/// A helper to annotate the stage with a numerical value
-/// to ease the life of the tooling team creating viable
-/// statistical metrics for which stage of the inclusion
-/// pipeline drops a significant amount of candidates,
-/// statistically speaking.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-#[repr(u8)]
-#[non_exhaustive]
-pub enum Stage {
-	CandidateBacking = 2,
-	StatementDistribution = 3,
-	PoVDistribution = 4,
-	AvailabilityDistribution = 5,
-	AvailabilityRecovery = 6,
-	BitfieldDistribution = 7,
-	ApprovalChecking = 8,
-	ApprovalDistribution = 9,
-	// Expand as needed, numbers should be ascending according to the stage
-	// through the inclusion pipeline, or according to the descriptions
-	// in [the path of a para chain block]
-	// (https://polkadot.network/the-path-of-a-parachain-block/)
-	// see [issue](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot/issues/2389)
-}
-
-/// A wrapper type for a span.
-///
-/// Handles running with and without jaeger.
-pub enum Span {
-	/// Running with jaeger being enabled.
-	Enabled(mick_jaeger::Span),
-	/// Running with jaeger disabled.
-	Disabled,
-}
-
-/// Alias for the 16 byte unique identifier used with jaeger.
-pub(crate) type TraceIdentifier = u128;
-
-/// A helper to convert the hash to the fixed size representation
-/// needed for jaeger.
-#[inline]
-pub fn hash_to_trace_identifier(hash: Hash) -> TraceIdentifier {
-	let mut buf = [0u8; 16];
-	buf.copy_from_slice(&hash.as_ref()[0..16]);
-	// The slice bytes are copied in reading order, so if interpreted
-	// in string form by a human, that means lower indices have higher
-	// values and hence corresponds to BIG endian ordering of the individual
-	// bytes.
-	u128::from_be_bytes(buf) as TraceIdentifier
-}
-
-/// Helper to unify lazy proxy evaluation.
-pub trait LazyIdent {
-	/// Evaluate the type to a unique trace identifier.
-	/// Called lazily on demand.
-	fn eval(&self) -> TraceIdentifier;
-
-	/// Annotate a new root item with these additional spans
-	/// at construction.
-	fn extra_tags(&self, _span: &mut Span) {}
-}
-
-impl<'a> LazyIdent for &'a [u8] {
-	fn eval(&self) -> TraceIdentifier {
-		hash_to_trace_identifier(BlakeTwo256::hash_of(self))
-	}
-}
-
-impl LazyIdent for &PoV {
-	fn eval(&self) -> TraceIdentifier {
-		hash_to_trace_identifier(self.hash())
-	}
-
-	fn extra_tags(&self, span: &mut Span) {
-		span.add_pov(self)
-	}
-}
-
-impl LazyIdent for Hash {
-	fn eval(&self) -> TraceIdentifier {
-		hash_to_trace_identifier(*self)
-	}
-
-	fn extra_tags(&self, span: &mut Span) {
-		span.add_string_fmt_debug_tag("relay-parent", self);
-	}
-}
-
-impl LazyIdent for &Hash {
-	fn eval(&self) -> TraceIdentifier {
-		hash_to_trace_identifier(**self)
-	}
-
-	fn extra_tags(&self, span: &mut Span) {
-		span.add_string_fmt_debug_tag("relay-parent", self);
-	}
-}
-
-impl LazyIdent for CandidateHash {
-	fn eval(&self) -> TraceIdentifier {
-		hash_to_trace_identifier(self.0)
-	}
-
-	fn extra_tags(&self, span: &mut Span) {
-		span.add_string_fmt_debug_tag("candidate-hash", &self.0);
-		// A convenience for usage with the grafana tempo UI,
-		// not a technical requirement. It merely provides an easy anchor
-		// where the true trace identifier of the span is not based on
-		// a candidate hash (which it should be!), but is required to
-		// continue investigating.
-		span.add_string_tag("traceID", self.eval().to_string());
-	}
-}
-
-impl Span {
-	/// Creates a new span builder based on anything that can be lazily evaluated
-	/// to and identifier.
-	///
-	/// Attention: The primary identifier will be used for identification
-	/// and as such should be
-	pub fn new<I: LazyIdent>(identifier: I, span_name: &'static str) -> Span {
-		let mut span = INSTANCE
-			.read_recursive()
-			.span(|| <I as LazyIdent>::eval(&identifier), span_name)
-			.into();
-		<I as LazyIdent>::extra_tags(&identifier, &mut span);
-		span
-	}
-
-	/// Creates a new span builder based on an encodable type.
-	/// The encoded bytes are then used to derive the true trace identifier.
-	pub fn from_encodable<I: Encode>(identifier: I, span_name: &'static str) -> Span {
-		INSTANCE
-			.read_recursive()
-			.span(
-				move || {
-					let bytes = identifier.encode();
-					LazyIdent::eval(&bytes.as_slice())
-				},
-				span_name,
-			)
-			.into()
-	}
-
-	/// Derive a child span from `self`.
-	pub fn child(&self, name: &str) -> Self {
-		match self {
-			Self::Enabled(inner) => Self::Enabled(inner.child(name)),
-			Self::Disabled => Self::Disabled,
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Attach a 'traceID' tag set to the decimal representation of the candidate hash.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_trace_id(mut self, candidate_hash: CandidateHash) -> Self {
-		self.add_string_tag("traceID", hash_to_trace_identifier(candidate_hash.0));
-		self
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_string_tag<V: ToString>(mut self, tag: &'static str, val: V) -> Self {
-		self.add_string_tag::<V>(tag, val);
-		self
-	}
-
-	/// Attach a peer-id tag to the span.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_peer_id(self, peer: &PeerId) -> Self {
-		self.with_string_tag("peer-id", &peer.to_base58())
-	}
-
-	/// Attach a `peer-id` tag to the span when peer is present.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_optional_peer_id(self, peer: Option<&PeerId>) -> Self {
-		if let Some(peer) = peer {
-			self.with_peer_id(peer)
-		} else {
-			self
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Attach a candidate hash to the span.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_candidate(self, candidate_hash: CandidateHash) -> Self {
-		self.with_string_fmt_debug_tag("candidate-hash", &candidate_hash.0)
-	}
-
-	/// Attach a para-id to the span.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_para_id(self, para_id: ParaId) -> Self {
-		self.with_int_tag("para-id", u32::from(para_id) as i64)
-	}
-
-	/// Attach a candidate stage.
-	/// Should always come with a `CandidateHash`.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_stage(self, stage: Stage) -> Self {
-		self.with_string_tag("candidate-stage", stage as u8)
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_validator_index(self, validator: ValidatorIndex) -> Self {
-		self.with_string_tag("validator-index", &validator.0)
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_chunk_index(self, chunk_index: ChunkIndex) -> Self {
-		self.with_string_tag("chunk-index", &chunk_index.0)
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_relay_parent(self, relay_parent: Hash) -> Self {
-		self.with_string_fmt_debug_tag("relay-parent", relay_parent)
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_claimed_validator_index(self, claimed_validator_index: ValidatorIndex) -> Self {
-		self.with_string_tag("claimed-validator", &claimed_validator_index.0)
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_pov(mut self, pov: &PoV) -> Self {
-		self.add_pov(pov);
-		self
-	}
-
-	/// Add an additional int tag to the span without consuming.
-	///
-	/// Should be used sparingly, introduction of new types is preferred.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_int_tag(mut self, tag: &'static str, i: i64) -> Self {
-		self.add_int_tag(tag, i);
-		self
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_uint_tag(mut self, tag: &'static str, u: u64) -> Self {
-		self.add_uint_tag(tag, u);
-		self
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn with_string_fmt_debug_tag<V: fmt::Debug>(mut self, tag: &'static str, val: V) -> Self {
-		self.add_string_tag(tag, format!("{:?}", val));
-		self
-	}
-
-	/// Adds the `FollowsFrom` relationship to this span with respect to the given one.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn add_follows_from(&mut self, other: &Self) {
-		match (self, other) {
-			(Self::Enabled(ref mut inner), Self::Enabled(ref other_inner)) =>
-				inner.add_follows_from(&other_inner),
-			_ => {},
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Add a PoV hash meta tag with lazy hash evaluation, without consuming the span.
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn add_pov(&mut self, pov: &PoV) {
-		if self.is_enabled() {
-			// avoid computing the PoV hash if jaeger is not enabled
-			self.add_string_fmt_debug_tag("pov", pov.hash());
-		}
-	}
-
-	#[inline(always)]
-	pub fn add_para_id(&mut self, para_id: ParaId) {
-		self.add_int_tag("para-id", u32::from(para_id) as i64);
-	}
-
-	/// Add a string tag, without consuming the span.
-	pub fn add_string_tag<V: ToString>(&mut self, tag: &'static str, val: V) {
-		match self {
-			Self::Enabled(ref mut inner) => inner.add_string_tag(tag, val.to_string().as_str()),
-			Self::Disabled => {},
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Add a string tag, without consuming the span.
-	pub fn add_string_fmt_debug_tag<V: fmt::Debug>(&mut self, tag: &'static str, val: V) {
-		match self {
-			Self::Enabled(ref mut inner) =>
-				inner.add_string_tag(tag, format!("{:?}", val).as_str()),
-			Self::Disabled => {},
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub fn add_int_tag(&mut self, tag: &'static str, value: i64) {
-		match self {
-			Self::Enabled(ref mut inner) => inner.add_int_tag(tag, value),
-			Self::Disabled => {},
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub fn add_uint_tag(&mut self, tag: &'static str, value: u64) {
-		match self {
-			Self::Enabled(ref mut inner) => inner.add_int_tag(tag, value as i64),
-			Self::Disabled => {},
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Check whether jaeger is enabled
-	/// in order to avoid computational overhead.
-	pub const fn is_enabled(&self) -> bool {
-		match self {
-			Span::Enabled(_) => true,
-			_ => false,
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Obtain the trace identifier for this set of spans.
-	pub fn trace_id(&self) -> Option<TraceIdentifier> {
-		match self {
-			Span::Enabled(inner) => Some(inner.trace_id().get()),
-			_ => None,
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl std::fmt::Debug for Span {
-	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
-		write!(f, "<jaeger span>")
-	}
-}
-
-impl From<Option<mick_jaeger::Span>> for Span {
-	fn from(src: Option<mick_jaeger::Span>) -> Self {
-		if let Some(span) = src {
-			Self::Enabled(span)
-		} else {
-			Self::Disabled
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl From<mick_jaeger::Span> for Span {
-	fn from(src: mick_jaeger::Span) -> Self {
-		Self::Enabled(src)
-	}
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-	use super::*;
-	use crate::Jaeger;
-
-	// make sure to not use `::repeat_*()` based samples, since this does not verify endianness
-	const RAW: [u8; 32] = [
-		0xFF, 0xAA, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x66, 0x78, 0x89, 0x9A, 0xAB, 0xBC, 0xCD, 0xDE,
-		0xEF, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C,
-		0x0E, 0x0F,
-	];
-
-	#[test]
-	fn hash_derived_identifier_is_leading_16bytes() {
-		let candidate_hash = dbg!(Hash::from(&RAW));
-		let trace_id = dbg!(hash_to_trace_identifier(candidate_hash));
-		for (idx, (a, b)) in candidate_hash
-			.as_bytes()
-			.iter()
-			.take(16)
-			.zip(trace_id.to_be_bytes().iter())
-			.enumerate()
-		{
-			assert_eq!(*a, *b, "Index [{}] does not match: {} != {}", idx, a, b);
-		}
-	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn extra_tags_do_not_change_trace_id() {
-		Jaeger::test_setup();
-		let candidate_hash = dbg!(Hash::from(&RAW));
-		let trace_id = hash_to_trace_identifier(candidate_hash);
-
-		let span = Span::new(candidate_hash, "foo");
-
-		assert_eq!(span.trace_id(), Some(trace_id));
-
-		let span = span.with_int_tag("tag", 7i64);
-
-		assert_eq!(span.trace_id(), Some(trace_id));
-	}
-}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/back_garbage_candidate.rs b/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/back_garbage_candidate.rs
index b939a2151e2359828da74d317c9e2bc0af2c6e0c..d6f1353a46a8792efcf3e98d27de075ea49e5670 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/back_garbage_candidate.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/back_garbage_candidate.rs
@@ -67,12 +67,10 @@ impl OverseerGen for BackGarbageCandidates {
 		RuntimeClient: RuntimeApiSubsystemClient + ChainApiBackend + AuxStore + 'static,
 		Spawner: 'static + SpawnNamed + Clone + Unpin,
 	{
-		let spawner = args.spawner.clone();
 		let validation_filter = ReplaceValidationResult::new(
 			FakeCandidateValidation::BackingAndApprovalValid,
 			FakeCandidateValidationError::InvalidOutputs,
 			f64::from(self.percentage),
-			SpawnGlue(spawner),
 		);
 
 		validator_overseer_builder(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/common.rs b/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/common.rs
index 31d0c811a0755b6bafcc4c74b0a8b3662769ecdf..7415e6c79df50df6ac0a62f668181cd5a942e3ba 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/common.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/common.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ use crate::{
 	shared::{MALICIOUS_POV, MALUS},
 };
 
-use polkadot_node_core_candidate_validation::find_validation_data;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{InvalidCandidate, ValidationResult};
 
 use polkadot_primitives::{
@@ -151,59 +150,21 @@ impl Into<InvalidCandidate> for FakeCandidateValidationError {
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 /// An interceptor which fakes validation result with a preconfigured result.
 /// Replaces `CandidateValidationSubsystem`.
-pub struct ReplaceValidationResult<Spawner> {
+pub struct ReplaceValidationResult {
 	fake_validation: FakeCandidateValidation,
 	fake_validation_error: FakeCandidateValidationError,
 	distribution: Bernoulli,
-	spawner: Spawner,
 }
 
-impl<Spawner> ReplaceValidationResult<Spawner>
-where
-	Spawner: overseer::gen::Spawner,
-{
+impl ReplaceValidationResult {
 	pub fn new(
 		fake_validation: FakeCandidateValidation,
 		fake_validation_error: FakeCandidateValidationError,
 		percentage: f64,
-		spawner: Spawner,
 	) -> Self {
 		let distribution = Bernoulli::new(percentage / 100.0)
 			.expect("Invalid probability! Percentage must be in range [0..=100].");
-		Self { fake_validation, fake_validation_error, distribution, spawner }
-	}
-
-	/// Creates and sends the validation response for a given candidate. Queries the runtime to
-	/// obtain the validation data for the given candidate.
-	pub fn send_validation_response<Sender>(
-		&self,
-		candidate_descriptor: CandidateDescriptor,
-		subsystem_sender: Sender,
-		response_sender: oneshot::Sender<Result<ValidationResult, ValidationFailed>>,
-	) where
-		Sender: overseer::CandidateValidationSenderTrait + Clone + Send + 'static,
-	{
-		let _candidate_descriptor = candidate_descriptor.clone();
-		let mut subsystem_sender = subsystem_sender.clone();
-		let (sender, receiver) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
-		self.spawner.spawn_blocking(
-			"malus-get-validation-data",
-			Some("malus"),
-			Box::pin(async move {
-				match find_validation_data(&mut subsystem_sender, &_candidate_descriptor).await {
-					Ok(Some((validation_data, validation_code))) => {
-						sender
-							.send((validation_data, validation_code))
-							.expect("channel is still open");
-					},
-					_ => {
-						panic!("Unable to fetch validation data");
-					},
-				}
-			}),
-		);
-		let (validation_data, _) = receiver.recv().unwrap();
-		create_validation_response(validation_data, candidate_descriptor, response_sender);
+		Self { fake_validation, fake_validation_error, distribution }
 	}
 }
 
@@ -253,10 +214,9 @@ fn create_validation_response(
 	response_sender.send(result).unwrap();
 }
 
-impl<Sender, Spawner> MessageInterceptor<Sender> for ReplaceValidationResult<Spawner>
+impl<Sender> MessageInterceptor<Sender> for ReplaceValidationResult
 where
 	Sender: overseer::CandidateValidationSenderTrait + Clone + Send + 'static,
-	Spawner: overseer::gen::Spawner + Clone + 'static,
 {
 	type Message = CandidateValidationMessage;
 
@@ -264,7 +224,7 @@ where
 	// configuration fail them.
 	fn intercept_incoming(
 		&self,
-		subsystem_sender: &mut Sender,
+		_subsystem_sender: &mut Sender,
 		msg: FromOrchestra<Self::Message>,
 	) -> Option<FromOrchestra<Self::Message>> {
 		match msg {
@@ -283,7 +243,7 @@ where
 					},
 			} => {
 				match self.fake_validation {
-					x if x.misbehaves_valid() && x.should_misbehave(exec_kind) => {
+					x if x.misbehaves_valid() && x.should_misbehave(exec_kind.into()) => {
 						// Behave normally if the `PoV` is not known to be malicious.
 						if pov.block_data.0.as_slice() != MALICIOUS_POV {
 							return Some(FromOrchestra::Communication {
@@ -338,14 +298,14 @@ where
 							},
 						}
 					},
-					x if x.misbehaves_invalid() && x.should_misbehave(exec_kind) => {
+					x if x.misbehaves_invalid() && x.should_misbehave(exec_kind.into()) => {
 						// Set the validation result to invalid with probability `p` and trigger a
 						// dispute
 						let behave_maliciously = self.distribution.sample(&mut rand::thread_rng());
 						match behave_maliciously {
 							true => {
 								let validation_result =
-									ValidationResult::Invalid(InvalidCandidate::InvalidOutputs);
+									ValidationResult::Invalid(self.fake_validation_error.into());
 
 								gum::info!(
 									target: MALUS,
@@ -392,109 +352,6 @@ where
 					}),
 				}
 			},
-			// Behaviour related to the backing subsystem
-			FromOrchestra::Communication {
-				msg:
-					CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
-						candidate_receipt,
-						pov,
-						executor_params,
-						exec_kind,
-						response_sender,
-						..
-					},
-			} => {
-				match self.fake_validation {
-					x if x.misbehaves_valid() && x.should_misbehave(exec_kind) => {
-						// Behave normally if the `PoV` is not known to be malicious.
-						if pov.block_data.0.as_slice() != MALICIOUS_POV {
-							return Some(FromOrchestra::Communication {
-								msg: CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
-									candidate_receipt,
-									pov,
-									executor_params,
-									exec_kind,
-									response_sender,
-								},
-							})
-						}
-						// If the `PoV` is malicious, back the candidate with some probability `p`,
-						// where 'p' defaults to 100% for suggest-garbage-candidate variant.
-						let behave_maliciously = self.distribution.sample(&mut rand::thread_rng());
-						match behave_maliciously {
-							true => {
-								gum::info!(
-									target: MALUS,
-									?behave_maliciously,
-									"😈 Backing candidate with malicious PoV.",
-								);
-
-								self.send_validation_response(
-									candidate_receipt.descriptor,
-									subsystem_sender.clone(),
-									response_sender,
-								);
-								None
-							},
-							// If the `PoV` is malicious, we behave normally with some probability
-							// `(1-p)`
-							false => Some(FromOrchestra::Communication {
-								msg: CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
-									candidate_receipt,
-									pov,
-									executor_params,
-									exec_kind,
-									response_sender,
-								},
-							}),
-						}
-					},
-					x if x.misbehaves_invalid() && x.should_misbehave(exec_kind) => {
-						// Maliciously set the validation result to invalid for a valid candidate
-						// with probability `p`
-						let behave_maliciously = self.distribution.sample(&mut rand::thread_rng());
-						match behave_maliciously {
-							true => {
-								let validation_result =
-									ValidationResult::Invalid(self.fake_validation_error.into());
-								gum::info!(
-									target: MALUS,
-									para_id = ?candidate_receipt.descriptor.para_id(),
-									"😈 Maliciously sending invalid validation result: {:?}.",
-									&validation_result,
-								);
-								// We're not even checking the candidate, this makes us appear
-								// faster than honest validators.
-								response_sender.send(Ok(validation_result)).unwrap();
-								None
-							},
-							// With some probability `(1-p)` we behave normally
-							false => {
-								gum::info!(target: MALUS, "😈 'Decided' to not act maliciously.",);
-
-								Some(FromOrchestra::Communication {
-									msg: CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
-										candidate_receipt,
-										pov,
-										executor_params,
-										exec_kind,
-										response_sender,
-									},
-								})
-							},
-						}
-					},
-					_ => Some(FromOrchestra::Communication {
-						msg: CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
-							candidate_receipt,
-							pov,
-							executor_params,
-							exec_kind,
-							response_sender,
-						},
-					}),
-				}
-			},
 			msg => Some(msg),
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/dispute_valid_candidates.rs b/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/dispute_valid_candidates.rs
index a50fdce16e4ec41d6b9bea4f0190616f756d9193..5422167545cecad63f7f0f495abed380a4b8d60c 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/dispute_valid_candidates.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/dispute_valid_candidates.rs
@@ -84,12 +84,10 @@ impl OverseerGen for DisputeValidCandidates {
 		RuntimeClient: RuntimeApiSubsystemClient + ChainApiBackend + AuxStore + 'static,
 		Spawner: 'static + SpawnNamed + Clone + Unpin,
 	{
-		let spawner = args.spawner.clone();
 		let validation_filter = ReplaceValidationResult::new(
 			self.fake_validation,
 			self.fake_validation_error,
 			f64::from(self.percentage),
-			SpawnGlue(spawner.clone()),
 		);
 
 		validator_overseer_builder(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/suggest_garbage_candidate.rs b/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/suggest_garbage_candidate.rs
index 292842963b75b3c3ea5b3de62196c3e3ff7fb54f..2fe08c8a1c493700b4e6b882a1416b5f062ddc73 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/suggest_garbage_candidate.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/malus/src/variants/suggest_garbage_candidate.rs
@@ -316,7 +316,6 @@ impl OverseerGen for SuggestGarbageCandidates {
 			FakeCandidateValidation::BackingAndApprovalValid,
 			FakeCandidateValidationError::InvalidOutputs,
 			fake_valid_probability,
-			SpawnGlue(args.spawner.clone()),
 		);
 
 		validator_overseer_builder(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/Cargo.toml
index 51478dfa4a4f6836cd533d62e3819922abdd92e0..8d674a733470681f4a26335fa51592963165315b 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ polkadot-node-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-subsystem = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-subsystem-util = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-node-jaeger = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 rand = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 itertools = { workspace = true }
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/lib.rs
index 971b6de5f8f60c1ffcc02fd497516e45d846b4e1..876cc59b9c283affbcf3a1e708625d8ca41494fd 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/lib.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ use self::metrics::Metrics;
 use futures::{select, FutureExt as _};
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use net_protocol::peer_set::{ProtocolVersion, ValidationVersion};
-use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
 use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 	self as net_protocol, filter_by_peer_version,
 	grid_topology::{RandomRouting, RequiredRouting, SessionGridTopologies, SessionGridTopology},
@@ -73,7 +72,8 @@ use std::{
 	time::Duration,
 };
 
-mod metrics;
+/// Approval distribution metrics.
+pub mod metrics;
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ const MAX_BITFIELD_SIZE: usize = 500;
 pub struct ApprovalDistribution {
 	metrics: Metrics,
 	slot_duration_millis: u64,
-	clock: Box<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
+	clock: Arc<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
 	assignment_criteria: Arc<dyn AssignmentCriteria + Send + Sync>,
 }
 
@@ -358,9 +358,6 @@ pub struct State {
 	/// Tracks recently finalized blocks.
 	recent_outdated_blocks: RecentlyOutdated,
 
-	/// HashMap from active leaves to spans
-	spans: HashMap<Hash, jaeger::PerLeafSpan>,
-
 	/// Aggression configuration.
 	aggression_config: AggressionConfig,
 
@@ -871,18 +868,9 @@ impl State {
 		);
 
 		for meta in metas {
-			let mut span = self
-				.spans
-				.get(&meta.hash)
-				.map(|span| span.child(&"handle-new-blocks"))
-				.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(meta.hash, &"handle-new-blocks"))
-				.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", meta.hash))
-				.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalDistribution);
-
 			match self.blocks.entry(meta.hash) {
 				hash_map::Entry::Vacant(entry) => {
 					let candidates_count = meta.candidates.len();
-					span.add_uint_tag("candidates-count", candidates_count as u64);
 					let mut candidates = Vec::with_capacity(candidates_count);
 					candidates.resize_with(candidates_count, Default::default);
 
@@ -1329,7 +1317,6 @@ impl State {
 			if let Some(block_entry) = self.blocks.remove(relay_block) {
 				self.topologies.dec_session_refs(block_entry.session);
 			}
-			self.spans.remove(&relay_block);
 		});
 
 		// If a block was finalized, this means we may need to move our aggression
@@ -1356,21 +1343,6 @@ impl State {
 		RA: overseer::SubsystemSender<RuntimeApiMessage>,
 		R: CryptoRng + Rng,
 	{
-		let _span = self
-			.spans
-			.get(&assignment.block_hash)
-			.map(|span| {
-				span.child(if source.peer_id().is_some() {
-					"peer-import-and-distribute-assignment"
-				} else {
-					"local-import-and-distribute-assignment"
-				})
-			})
-			.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(&assignment.block_hash, "distribute-assignment"))
-			.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", assignment.block_hash))
-			.with_optional_peer_id(source.peer_id().as_ref())
-			.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalDistribution);
-
 		let block_hash = assignment.block_hash;
 		let validator_index = assignment.validator;
 
@@ -1836,21 +1808,6 @@ impl State {
 		vote: IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2,
 		session_info_provider: &mut RuntimeInfo,
 	) {
-		let _span = self
-			.spans
-			.get(&vote.block_hash)
-			.map(|span| {
-				span.child(if source.peer_id().is_some() {
-					"peer-import-and-distribute-approval"
-				} else {
-					"local-import-and-distribute-approval"
-				})
-			})
-			.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(&vote.block_hash, "distribute-approval"))
-			.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", vote.block_hash))
-			.with_optional_peer_id(source.peer_id().as_ref())
-			.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalDistribution);
-
 		let block_hash = vote.block_hash;
 		let validator_index = vote.validator;
 		let candidate_indices = &vote.candidate_indices;
@@ -2090,14 +2047,6 @@ impl State {
 	) -> HashMap<ValidatorIndex, (Hash, Vec<CandidateIndex>, ValidatorSignature)> {
 		let mut all_sigs = HashMap::new();
 		for (hash, index) in indices {
-			let _span = self
-				.spans
-				.get(&hash)
-				.map(|span| span.child("get-approval-signatures"))
-				.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(&hash, "get-approval-signatures"))
-				.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", hash))
-				.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalDistribution);
-
 			let block_entry = match self.blocks.get(&hash) {
 				None => {
 					gum::debug!(
@@ -2668,7 +2617,7 @@ impl ApprovalDistribution {
 		Self::new_with_clock(
 			metrics,
 			slot_duration_millis,
-			Box::new(SystemClock),
+			Arc::new(SystemClock),
 			assignment_criteria,
 		)
 	}
@@ -2677,7 +2626,7 @@ impl ApprovalDistribution {
 	pub fn new_with_clock(
 		metrics: Metrics,
 		slot_duration_millis: u64,
-		clock: Box<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
+		clock: Arc<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
 		assignment_criteria: Arc<dyn AssignmentCriteria + Send + Sync>,
 	) -> Self {
 		Self { metrics, slot_duration_millis, clock, assignment_criteria }
@@ -2775,18 +2724,12 @@ impl ApprovalDistribution {
 					session_info_provider,
 				)
 				.await,
-			FromOrchestra::Signal(OverseerSignal::ActiveLeaves(update)) => {
+			FromOrchestra::Signal(OverseerSignal::ActiveLeaves(_update)) => {
 				gum::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "active leaves signal (ignored)");
 				// the relay chain blocks relevant to the approval subsystems
 				// are those that are available, but not finalized yet
 				// activated and deactivated heads hence are irrelevant to this subsystem, other
 				// than for tracing purposes.
-				if let Some(activated) = update.activated {
-					let head = activated.hash;
-					let approval_distribution_span =
-						jaeger::PerLeafSpan::new(activated.span, "approval-distribution");
-					state.spans.insert(head, approval_distribution_span);
-				}
 			},
 			FromOrchestra::Signal(OverseerSignal::BlockFinalized(_hash, number)) => {
 				gum::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, number = %number, "finalized signal");
@@ -2845,14 +2788,6 @@ impl ApprovalDistribution {
 					.await;
 			},
 			ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeAssignment(cert, candidate_indices) => {
-				let _span = state
-					.spans
-					.get(&cert.block_hash)
-					.map(|span| span.child("import-and-distribute-assignment"))
-					.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(&cert.block_hash, "distribute-assignment"))
-					.with_string_tag("block-hash", format!("{:?}", cert.block_hash))
-					.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::ApprovalDistribution);
-
 				gum::debug!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
 					?candidate_indices,
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/metrics.rs b/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/metrics.rs
index 10553c3529661a5d26dce7894f3c7ecdd05861b0..2f677ba415e4b45242fd03c96b041a061771efae 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/metrics.rs
@@ -79,31 +79,19 @@ impl Metrics {
 			.map(|metrics| metrics.time_import_pending_now_known.start_timer())
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_approval_already_known(&self) {
-		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
-			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["known"]).inc()
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub fn on_approval_entry_not_found(&self) {
-		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
-			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["noapprovalentry"]).inc()
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub fn on_approval_recent_outdated(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_approval_recent_outdated(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["outdated"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_approval_invalid_block(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_approval_invalid_block(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["invalidblock"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_approval_unknown_assignment(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_approval_unknown_assignment(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics
 				.approvals_received_result
@@ -112,94 +100,73 @@ impl Metrics {
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_approval_duplicate(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_approval_duplicate(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["duplicate"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_approval_out_of_view(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_approval_out_of_view(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["outofview"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_approval_good_known(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_approval_good_known(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["goodknown"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_approval_bad(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_approval_bad(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["bad"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_approval_unexpected(&self) {
-		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
-			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["unexpected"]).inc()
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub fn on_approval_bug(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_approval_bug(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.approvals_received_result.with_label_values(&["bug"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_assignment_already_known(&self) {
-		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
-			metrics.assignments_received_result.with_label_values(&["known"]).inc()
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub fn on_assignment_recent_outdated(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_assignment_recent_outdated(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.assignments_received_result.with_label_values(&["outdated"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_assignment_invalid_block(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_assignment_invalid_block(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.assignments_received_result.with_label_values(&["invalidblock"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_assignment_duplicate(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_assignment_duplicate(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.assignments_received_result.with_label_values(&["duplicate"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_assignment_out_of_view(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_assignment_out_of_view(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.assignments_received_result.with_label_values(&["outofview"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_assignment_good_known(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_assignment_good_known(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.assignments_received_result.with_label_values(&["goodknown"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_assignment_bad(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_assignment_bad(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.assignments_received_result.with_label_values(&["bad"]).inc()
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn on_assignment_duplicatevoting(&self) {
-		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
-			metrics
-				.assignments_received_result
-				.with_label_values(&["duplicatevoting"])
-				.inc()
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub fn on_assignment_far(&self) {
+	pub(crate) fn on_assignment_far(&self) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = &self.0 {
 			metrics.assignments_received_result.with_label_values(&["far"]).inc()
 		}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/tests.rs
index 4ee9320e0e45f105eef2dba13c2aef3bd3a644a7..063e71f2f5289f3108468e81273dbca837f1c07e 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/approval-distribution/src/tests.rs
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ type VirtualOverseer =
 
 fn test_harness<T: Future<Output = VirtualOverseer>>(
 	assignment_criteria: Arc<dyn AssignmentCriteria + Send + Sync>,
-	clock: Box<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
+	clock: Arc<dyn Clock + Send + Sync>,
 	mut state: State,
 	test_fn: impl FnOnce(VirtualOverseer) -> T,
 ) -> State {
@@ -535,7 +535,8 @@ impl AssignmentCriteria for MockAssignmentCriteria {
 		_relay_vrf_story: polkadot_node_primitives::approval::v1::RelayVRFStory,
 		_assignment: &polkadot_node_primitives::approval::v2::AssignmentCertV2,
 		_backing_groups: Vec<polkadot_primitives::GroupIndex>,
-	) -> Result<polkadot_node_primitives::approval::v1::DelayTranche, criteria::InvalidAssignment> {
+	) -> Result<polkadot_node_primitives::approval::v1::DelayTranche, criteria::InvalidAssignment>
+	{
 		self.tranche
 	}
 }
@@ -555,16 +556,15 @@ fn try_import_the_same_assignment() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
-			// setup peers
+
 			setup_peer_with_view(overseer, &peer_a, view![], ValidationVersion::V1).await;
 			setup_peer_with_view(overseer, &peer_b, view![hash], ValidationVersion::V1).await;
 			setup_peer_with_view(overseer, &peer_c, view![hash], ValidationVersion::V1).await;
 
-			// Set up a gossip topology, where a, b, c and d are topology neighbors to the node
 			// under testing.
 			let peers_with_optional_peer_id = peers
 				.iter()
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ fn try_import_the_same_assignment_v2() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ fn delay_reputation_change() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_with_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -845,7 +845,7 @@ fn spam_attack_results_in_negative_reputation_change() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -942,7 +942,7 @@ fn peer_sending_us_the_same_we_just_sent_them_is_ok() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ fn import_approval_happy_path_v1_v2_peers() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1183,7 +1183,7 @@ fn import_approval_happy_path_v2() {
 	let candidate_hash_second = polkadot_primitives::CandidateHash(Hash::repeat_byte(0xCC));
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ fn multiple_assignments_covered_with_one_approval_vote() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1524,7 +1524,7 @@ fn unify_with_peer_multiple_assignments_covered_with_one_approval_vote() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1723,7 +1723,7 @@ fn import_approval_bad() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1810,7 +1810,7 @@ fn update_our_view() {
 
 	let state = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		State::default(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1858,7 +1858,7 @@ fn update_our_view() {
 
 	let state = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1877,7 +1877,7 @@ fn update_our_view() {
 
 	let state = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -1905,7 +1905,7 @@ fn update_peer_view() {
 
 	let state = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		State::default(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2004,7 +2004,7 @@ fn update_peer_view() {
 
 	let state = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2064,7 +2064,7 @@ fn update_peer_view() {
 	let finalized_number = 4_000_000_000;
 	let state = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2106,7 +2106,7 @@ fn update_peer_authority_id() {
 
 	let _state = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		State::default(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2287,7 +2287,7 @@ fn import_remotely_then_locally() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2393,7 +2393,7 @@ fn sends_assignments_even_when_state_is_approved() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		State::default(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2499,7 +2499,7 @@ fn sends_assignments_even_when_state_is_approved_v2() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		State::default(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2625,7 +2625,7 @@ fn race_condition_in_local_vs_remote_view_update() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2711,7 +2711,7 @@ fn propagates_locally_generated_assignment_to_both_dimensions() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		State::default(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -2841,7 +2841,7 @@ fn propagates_assignments_along_unshared_dimension() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -3000,7 +3000,7 @@ fn propagates_to_required_after_connect() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		State::default(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -3165,7 +3165,7 @@ fn sends_to_more_peers_after_getting_topology() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		State::default(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -3303,7 +3303,7 @@ fn originator_aggression_l1() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -3484,7 +3484,7 @@ fn non_originator_aggression_l1() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -3609,7 +3609,7 @@ fn non_originator_aggression_l2() {
 	let aggression_l2_threshold = state.aggression_config.l2_threshold.unwrap();
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -3794,7 +3794,7 @@ fn resends_messages_periodically() {
 	state.aggression_config.resend_unfinalized_period = Some(2);
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -3958,7 +3958,7 @@ fn import_versioned_approval() {
 	let candidate_hash = polkadot_primitives::CandidateHash(Hash::repeat_byte(0xBB));
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		state,
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -4131,7 +4131,7 @@ fn batch_test_round(message_count: usize) {
 	let subsystem = ApprovalDistribution::new_with_clock(
 		Default::default(),
 		Default::default(),
-		Box::new(SystemClock {}),
+		Arc::new(SystemClock {}),
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
 	);
 	let mut rng = rand_chacha::ChaCha12Rng::seed_from_u64(12345);
@@ -4318,7 +4318,7 @@ fn subsystem_rejects_assignment_in_future() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(89) }),
-		Box::new(DummyClock {}),
+		Arc::new(DummyClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -4384,7 +4384,7 @@ fn subsystem_rejects_bad_assignments() {
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria {
 			tranche: Err(InvalidAssignment(criteria::InvalidAssignmentReason::NullAssignment)),
 		}),
-		Box::new(DummyClock {}),
+		Arc::new(DummyClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -4447,7 +4447,7 @@ fn subsystem_rejects_wrong_claimed_assignments() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(DummyClock {}),
+		Arc::new(DummyClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
@@ -4531,7 +4531,7 @@ fn subsystem_accepts_tranche0_duplicate_assignments() {
 
 	let _ = test_harness(
 		Arc::new(MockAssignmentCriteria { tranche: Ok(0) }),
-		Box::new(DummyClock {}),
+		Arc::new(DummyClock {}),
 		state_without_reputation_delay(),
 		|mut virtual_overseer| async move {
 			let overseer = &mut virtual_overseer;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/lib.rs
index d3185e0af809c3b92df929d265f1962884d3f096..438453814978caa5a19767a536b6cdeff0c05f5a 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/lib.rs
@@ -22,11 +22,9 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::request_response::{
 	v1, v2, IncomingRequestReceiver, ReqProtocolNames,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger, messages::AvailabilityDistributionMessage, overseer, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal,
+	messages::AvailabilityDistributionMessage, overseer, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal,
 	SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError,
 };
-use polkadot_primitives::{BlockNumber, Hash};
-use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 /// Error and [`Result`] type for this subsystem.
 mod error;
@@ -104,7 +102,6 @@ impl AvailabilityDistributionSubsystem {
 	/// Start processing work as passed on from the Overseer.
 	async fn run<Context>(self, mut ctx: Context) -> std::result::Result<(), FatalError> {
 		let Self { mut runtime, recvs, metrics, req_protocol_names } = self;
-		let mut spans: HashMap<Hash, (BlockNumber, jaeger::PerLeafSpan)> = HashMap::new();
 
 		let IncomingRequestReceivers {
 			pov_req_receiver,
@@ -156,24 +153,16 @@ impl AvailabilityDistributionSubsystem {
 			};
 			match message {
 				FromOrchestra::Signal(OverseerSignal::ActiveLeaves(update)) => {
-					let cloned_leaf = match update.activated.clone() {
-						Some(activated) => activated,
-						None => continue,
-					};
-					let span =
-						jaeger::PerLeafSpan::new(cloned_leaf.span, "availability-distribution");
-					spans.insert(cloned_leaf.hash, (cloned_leaf.number, span));
 					log_error(
 						requester
 							.get_mut()
-							.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update, &spans)
+							.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update)
 							.await,
 						"Error in Requester::update_fetching_heads",
 						&mut warn_freq,
 					)?;
 				},
-				FromOrchestra::Signal(OverseerSignal::BlockFinalized(_hash, finalized_number)) => {
-					spans.retain(|_hash, (block_number, _span)| *block_number > finalized_number);
+				FromOrchestra::Signal(OverseerSignal::BlockFinalized(_hash, _finalized_number)) => {
 				},
 				FromOrchestra::Signal(OverseerSignal::Conclude) => return Ok(()),
 				FromOrchestra::Communication {
@@ -187,15 +176,6 @@ impl AvailabilityDistributionSubsystem {
 							tx,
 						},
 				} => {
-					let span = spans
-						.get(&relay_parent)
-						.map(|(_, span)| span.child("fetch-pov"))
-						.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(&relay_parent, "fetch-pov"))
-						.with_trace_id(candidate_hash)
-						.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-						.with_relay_parent(relay_parent)
-						.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
-
 					log_error(
 						pov_requester::fetch_pov(
 							&mut ctx,
@@ -207,7 +187,6 @@ impl AvailabilityDistributionSubsystem {
 							pov_hash,
 							tx,
 							metrics.clone(),
-							&span,
 						)
 						.await,
 						"pov_requester::fetch_pov",
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/pov_requester/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/pov_requester/mod.rs
index 6c632fa7efee6ecec2d11f7bb9f42cd8164587f1..5e26ae4b7a7043519638c71c17963f3ac1c44da3 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/pov_requester/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/pov_requester/mod.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::request_response::{
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::PoV;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{IfDisconnected, NetworkBridgeTxMessage},
 	overseer,
 };
@@ -52,18 +51,7 @@ pub async fn fetch_pov<Context>(
 	pov_hash: Hash,
 	tx: oneshot::Sender<PoV>,
 	metrics: Metrics,
-	span: &jaeger::Span,
 ) -> Result<()> {
-	let _span = span
-		.child("fetch-pov")
-		.with_trace_id(candidate_hash)
-		.with_validator_index(from_validator)
-		.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-		.with_para_id(para_id)
-		.with_relay_parent(parent)
-		.with_string_tag("pov-hash", format!("{:?}", pov_hash))
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
-
 	let info = &runtime.get_session_info(ctx.sender(), parent).await?.session_info;
 	let authority_id = info
 		.discovery_keys
@@ -189,7 +177,6 @@ mod tests {
 				pov_hash,
 				tx,
 				Metrics::new_dummy(),
-				&jaeger::Span::Disabled,
 			)
 			.await
 			.expect("Should succeed");
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/fetch_task/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/fetch_task/mod.rs
index 6abe5df9f1d93a01c43ebfb3f944f7ff4ddf2f38..c4654b843c447c57b6e9a04ce0f3fd922999f083 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/fetch_task/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/fetch_task/mod.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::request_response::{
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::ErasureChunk;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{AvailabilityStoreMessage, IfDisconnected, NetworkBridgeTxMessage},
 	overseer,
 };
@@ -129,9 +128,6 @@ struct RunningTask {
 	/// Prometheus metrics for reporting results.
 	metrics: Metrics,
 
-	/// Span tracking the fetching of this chunk.
-	span: jaeger::Span,
-
 	/// Expected chunk index. We'll validate that the remote did send us the correct chunk (only
 	/// important for v2 requests).
 	chunk_index: ChunkIndex,
@@ -154,21 +150,9 @@ impl FetchTaskConfig {
 		metrics: Metrics,
 		session_info: &SessionInfo,
 		chunk_index: ChunkIndex,
-		span: jaeger::Span,
 		req_v1_protocol_name: ProtocolName,
 		req_v2_protocol_name: ProtocolName,
 	) -> Self {
-		let span = span
-			.child("fetch-task-config")
-			.with_trace_id(core.candidate_hash)
-			.with_string_tag("leaf", format!("{:?}", leaf))
-			.with_validator_index(session_info.our_index)
-			.with_chunk_index(chunk_index)
-			.with_uint_tag("group-index", core.group_responsible.0 as u64)
-			.with_relay_parent(core.candidate_descriptor.relay_parent())
-			.with_string_tag("pov-hash", format!("{:?}", core.candidate_descriptor.pov_hash()))
-			.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
-
 		let live_in = vec![leaf].into_iter().collect();
 
 		// Don't run tasks for our backing group:
@@ -190,7 +174,6 @@ impl FetchTaskConfig {
 			relay_parent: core.candidate_descriptor.relay_parent(),
 			metrics,
 			sender,
-			span,
 			chunk_index,
 			req_v1_protocol_name,
 			req_v2_protocol_name
@@ -279,7 +262,6 @@ impl RunningTask {
 		let mut bad_validators = Vec::new();
 		let mut succeeded = false;
 		let mut count: u32 = 0;
-		let mut span = self.span.child("run-fetch-chunk-task").with_relay_parent(self.relay_parent);
 		let mut network_error_freq = gum::Freq::new();
 		let mut canceled_freq = gum::Freq::new();
 		// Try validators in reverse order:
@@ -289,11 +271,7 @@ impl RunningTask {
 				self.metrics.on_retry();
 			}
 			count += 1;
-			let _chunk_fetch_span = span
-				.child("fetch-chunk-request")
-				.with_validator_index(self.request.index)
-				.with_chunk_index(self.chunk_index)
-				.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
+
 			// Send request:
 			let resp = match self
 				.do_request(&validator, &mut network_error_freq, &mut canceled_freq)
@@ -313,13 +291,7 @@ impl RunningTask {
 					continue
 				},
 			};
-			// We drop the span here, so that the span is not active while we recombine the chunk.
-			drop(_chunk_fetch_span);
-			let _chunk_recombine_span = span
-				.child("recombine-chunk")
-				.with_validator_index(self.request.index)
-				.with_chunk_index(self.chunk_index)
-				.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
+
 			let chunk = match resp {
 				Some(chunk) => chunk,
 				None => {
@@ -337,14 +309,6 @@ impl RunningTask {
 					continue
 				},
 			};
-			// We drop the span so that the span is not active whilst we validate and store the
-			// chunk.
-			drop(_chunk_recombine_span);
-			let _chunk_validate_and_store_span = span
-				.child("validate-and-store-chunk")
-				.with_validator_index(self.request.index)
-				.with_chunk_index(self.chunk_index)
-				.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
 
 			// Data genuine?
 			if !self.validate_chunk(&validator, &chunk, self.chunk_index) {
@@ -357,7 +321,6 @@ impl RunningTask {
 			succeeded = true;
 			break
 		}
-		span.add_int_tag("tries", count as _);
 		if succeeded {
 			self.metrics.on_fetch(SUCCEEDED);
 			self.conclude(bad_validators).await;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/fetch_task/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/fetch_task/tests.rs
index 2cd4bf29a56356dc56dd2538467da0f2078fccaf..9d4ac5bc4b1b961890e7304fa57eda54d57e7464 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/fetch_task/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/fetch_task/tests.rs
@@ -365,7 +365,6 @@ fn get_test_running_task(
 			relay_parent: Hash::repeat_byte(71),
 			sender: tx,
 			metrics: Metrics::new_dummy(),
-			span: jaeger::Span::Disabled,
 			req_v1_protocol_name: req_protocol_names.get_name(Protocol::ChunkFetchingV1),
 			req_v2_protocol_name: req_protocol_names.get_name(Protocol::ChunkFetchingV2),
 			chunk_index,
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/mod.rs
index b6c8a4a1aba59850b7e5caa778da3cfbf60be926..79658591b6a793bf8a0b24c6472abfc7800b942c 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/mod.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ use futures::{
 
 use polkadot_node_network_protocol::request_response::{v1, v2, IsRequest, ReqProtocolNames};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{ChainApiMessage, RuntimeApiMessage},
 	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, ActiveLeavesUpdate,
 };
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 	runtime::{get_occupied_cores, RuntimeInfo},
 };
 use polkadot_primitives::{
-	vstaging::OccupiedCore, BlockNumber, CandidateHash, CoreIndex, Hash, SessionIndex,
+	vstaging::OccupiedCore, CandidateHash, CoreIndex, Hash, SessionIndex,
 };
 
 use super::{FatalError, Metrics, Result, LOG_TARGET};
@@ -114,21 +113,13 @@ impl Requester {
 		ctx: &mut Context,
 		runtime: &mut RuntimeInfo,
 		update: ActiveLeavesUpdate,
-		spans: &HashMap<Hash, (BlockNumber, jaeger::PerLeafSpan)>,
 	) -> Result<()> {
 		gum::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?update, "Update fetching heads");
 		let ActiveLeavesUpdate { activated, deactivated } = update;
 		if let Some(leaf) = activated {
-			let span = spans
-				.get(&leaf.hash)
-				.map(|(_, span)| span.child("update-fetching-heads"))
-				.unwrap_or_else(|| jaeger::Span::new(&leaf.hash, "update-fetching-heads"))
-				.with_string_tag("leaf", format!("{:?}", leaf.hash))
-				.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
-
 			// Order important! We need to handle activated, prior to deactivated, otherwise we
 			// might cancel still needed jobs.
-			self.start_requesting_chunks(ctx, runtime, leaf, &span).await?;
+			self.start_requesting_chunks(ctx, runtime, leaf).await?;
 		}
 
 		self.stop_requesting_chunks(deactivated.into_iter());
@@ -144,13 +135,7 @@ impl Requester {
 		ctx: &mut Context,
 		runtime: &mut RuntimeInfo,
 		new_head: ActivatedLeaf,
-		span: &jaeger::Span,
 	) -> Result<()> {
-		let mut span = span
-			.child("request-chunks-new-head")
-			.with_string_tag("leaf", format!("{:?}", new_head.hash))
-			.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
-
 		let sender = &mut ctx.sender().clone();
 		let ActivatedLeaf { hash: leaf, .. } = new_head;
 		let (leaf_session_index, ancestors_in_session) = get_block_ancestors_in_same_session(
@@ -160,15 +145,9 @@ impl Requester {
 			Self::LEAF_ANCESTRY_LEN_WITHIN_SESSION,
 		)
 		.await?;
-		span.add_uint_tag("ancestors-in-session", ancestors_in_session.len() as u64);
 
 		// Also spawn or bump tasks for candidates in ancestry in the same session.
 		for hash in std::iter::once(leaf).chain(ancestors_in_session) {
-			let span = span
-				.child("request-chunks-ancestor")
-				.with_string_tag("leaf", format!("{:?}", hash.clone()))
-				.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
-
 			let cores = get_occupied_cores(sender, hash).await?;
 			gum::trace!(
 				target: LOG_TARGET,
@@ -182,7 +161,7 @@ impl Requester {
 			// The next time the subsystem receives leaf update, some of spawned task will be bumped
 			// to be live in fresh relay parent, while some might get dropped due to the current
 			// leaf being deactivated.
-			self.add_cores(ctx, runtime, leaf, leaf_session_index, cores, span).await?;
+			self.add_cores(ctx, runtime, leaf, leaf_session_index, cores).await?;
 		}
 
 		Ok(())
@@ -211,22 +190,12 @@ impl Requester {
 		leaf: Hash,
 		leaf_session_index: SessionIndex,
 		cores: impl IntoIterator<Item = (CoreIndex, OccupiedCore)>,
-		span: jaeger::Span,
 	) -> Result<()> {
 		for (core_index, core) in cores {
-			let mut span = span
-				.child("check-fetch-candidate")
-				.with_trace_id(core.candidate_hash)
-				.with_string_tag("leaf", format!("{:?}", leaf))
-				.with_candidate(core.candidate_hash)
-				.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityDistribution);
-
 			if let Some(e) = self.fetches.get_mut(&core.candidate_hash) {
 				// Just book keeping - we are already requesting that chunk:
-				span.add_string_tag("already-requested-chunk", "true");
 				e.add_leaf(leaf);
 			} else {
-				span.add_string_tag("already-requested-chunk", "false");
 				let tx = self.tx.clone();
 				let metrics = self.metrics.clone();
 
@@ -272,7 +241,6 @@ impl Requester {
 						metrics,
 						session_info,
 						chunk_index,
-						span,
 						self.req_protocol_names.get_name(v1::ChunkFetchingRequest::PROTOCOL),
 						self.req_protocol_names.get_name(v2::ChunkFetchingRequest::PROTOCOL),
 					);
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/tests.rs
index 95c12d95dc998de6767215f11eda97bfd80ed526..ebcba2a038bc8a5c261e39c8b0de298726172e3d 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/requester/tests.rs
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
 // along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 use futures::FutureExt;
-use std::{collections::HashMap, future::Future};
+use std::future::Future;
 
-use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{jaeger, request_response::ReqProtocolNames};
+use polkadot_node_network_protocol::request_response::ReqProtocolNames;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{BlockData, ErasureChunk, PoV};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::runtime::RuntimeInfo;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
@@ -208,7 +208,6 @@ fn check_ancestry_lookup_in_same_session() {
 
 	test_harness(test_state.clone(), |mut ctx| async move {
 		let chain = &test_state.relay_chain;
-		let spans: HashMap<Hash, (u32, jaeger::PerLeafSpan)> = HashMap::new();
 		let block_number = 1;
 		let update = ActiveLeavesUpdate {
 			activated: Some(new_leaf(chain[block_number], block_number as u32)),
@@ -216,7 +215,7 @@ fn check_ancestry_lookup_in_same_session() {
 		};
 
 		requester
-			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update, &spans)
+			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update)
 			.await
 			.expect("Leaf processing failed");
 		let fetch_tasks = &requester.fetches;
@@ -231,7 +230,7 @@ fn check_ancestry_lookup_in_same_session() {
 		};
 
 		requester
-			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update, &spans)
+			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update)
 			.await
 			.expect("Leaf processing failed");
 		let fetch_tasks = &requester.fetches;
@@ -252,7 +251,7 @@ fn check_ancestry_lookup_in_same_session() {
 			deactivated: vec![chain[1], chain[2]].into(),
 		};
 		requester
-			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update, &spans)
+			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update)
 			.await
 			.expect("Leaf processing failed");
 		let fetch_tasks = &requester.fetches;
@@ -281,7 +280,6 @@ fn check_ancestry_lookup_in_different_sessions() {
 
 	test_harness(test_state.clone(), |mut ctx| async move {
 		let chain = &test_state.relay_chain;
-		let spans: HashMap<Hash, (u32, jaeger::PerLeafSpan)> = HashMap::new();
 		let block_number = 3;
 		let update = ActiveLeavesUpdate {
 			activated: Some(new_leaf(chain[block_number], block_number as u32)),
@@ -289,7 +287,7 @@ fn check_ancestry_lookup_in_different_sessions() {
 		};
 
 		requester
-			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update, &spans)
+			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update)
 			.await
 			.expect("Leaf processing failed");
 		let fetch_tasks = &requester.fetches;
@@ -302,7 +300,7 @@ fn check_ancestry_lookup_in_different_sessions() {
 		};
 
 		requester
-			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update, &spans)
+			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update)
 			.await
 			.expect("Leaf processing failed");
 		let fetch_tasks = &requester.fetches;
@@ -315,7 +313,7 @@ fn check_ancestry_lookup_in_different_sessions() {
 		};
 
 		requester
-			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update, &spans)
+			.update_fetching_heads(&mut ctx, &mut runtime, update)
 			.await
 			.expect("Leaf processing failed");
 		let fetch_tasks = &requester.fetches;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/responder.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/responder.rs
index fb08c47125038edffff6e5d7cd57d986ed5fe138..6512fcb7f656ac4ba273df0956160bce62e05c50 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/responder.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/responder.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 	UnifiedReputationChange as Rep,
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{AvailableData, ErasureChunk};
-use polkadot_node_subsystem::{jaeger, messages::AvailabilityStoreMessage, SubsystemSender};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::{messages::AvailabilityStoreMessage, SubsystemSender};
 use polkadot_primitives::{CandidateHash, ValidatorIndex};
 
 use crate::{
@@ -193,8 +193,6 @@ pub async fn answer_pov_request<Sender>(
 where
 	Sender: SubsystemSender<AvailabilityStoreMessage>,
 {
-	let _span = jaeger::Span::new(req.payload.candidate_hash, "answer-pov-request");
-
 	let av_data = query_available_data(sender, req.payload.candidate_hash).await?;
 
 	let result = av_data.is_some();
@@ -228,12 +226,6 @@ where
 	// V1 and V2 requests have the same payload, so decoding into either one will work. It's the
 	// responses that differ, hence the `MakeResp` generic.
 	let payload: v1::ChunkFetchingRequest = req.payload.into();
-	let span = jaeger::Span::new(payload.candidate_hash, "answer-chunk-request");
-
-	let _child_span = span
-		.child("answer-chunk-request")
-		.with_trace_id(payload.candidate_hash)
-		.with_validator_index(payload.index);
 
 	let chunk = query_chunk(sender, payload.candidate_hash, payload.index).await?;
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/tests/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/tests/mod.rs
index f165add90ea04675ebf4e638a2102144051453e6..d4abd4e32d9b76bfcc99d1f8c38c3adb2cbcd547 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/tests/mod.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ fn test_harness<T: Future<Output = ()>>(
 	let (context, virtual_overseer) =
 		polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::make_subsystem_context(pool.clone());
 
-	let (pov_req_receiver, pov_req_cfg) = IncomingRequest::get_config_receiver::<
+	let (pov_req_receiver, _pov_req_cfg) = IncomingRequest::get_config_receiver::<
 		Block,
 		sc_network::NetworkWorker<Block, Hash>,
 	>(&req_protocol_names);
@@ -65,13 +65,8 @@ fn test_harness<T: Future<Output = ()>>(
 	);
 	let subsystem = subsystem.run(context);
 
-	let test_fut = test_fx(TestHarness {
-		virtual_overseer,
-		pov_req_cfg,
-		chunk_req_v1_cfg,
-		chunk_req_v2_cfg,
-		pool,
-	});
+	let test_fut =
+		test_fx(TestHarness { virtual_overseer, chunk_req_v1_cfg, chunk_req_v2_cfg, pool });
 
 	futures::pin_mut!(test_fut);
 	futures::pin_mut!(subsystem);
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/tests/state.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/tests/state.rs
index 563f2fee329aff90f761939f2dad39f7dbfeb9ce..c6dd17a344e01490387e3ae84d8769bc78eaebe2 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/tests/state.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-distribution/src/tests/state.rs
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ type VirtualOverseer = polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::TestSubsystemContex
 >;
 pub struct TestHarness {
 	pub virtual_overseer: VirtualOverseer,
-	pub pov_req_cfg: RequestResponseConfig,
 	pub chunk_req_v1_cfg: RequestResponseConfig,
 	pub chunk_req_v2_cfg: RequestResponseConfig,
 	pub pool: TaskExecutor,
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/lib.rs
index ff98d02019f5d1611e21e8891a5e12ef5e92bdb9..eb54d9657d836d500874e880d9c3fad9c05b8046 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/lib.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 use polkadot_node_primitives::AvailableData;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	errors::RecoveryError,
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{AvailabilityRecoveryMessage, AvailabilityStoreMessage},
 	overseer, ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem,
 	SubsystemContext, SubsystemError,
@@ -387,9 +386,6 @@ async fn handle_recover<Context>(
 ) -> Result<()> {
 	let candidate_hash = receipt.hash();
 
-	let span = jaeger::Span::new(candidate_hash, "availability-recovery")
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::AvailabilityRecovery);
-
 	if let Some(result) =
 		state.availability_lru.get(&candidate_hash).cloned().map(|v| v.into_result())
 	{
@@ -403,13 +399,11 @@ async fn handle_recover<Context>(
 		return Ok(())
 	}
 
-	let _span = span.child("not-cached");
 	let session_info_res = state
 		.runtime_info
 		.get_session_info_by_index(ctx.sender(), state.live_block.1, session_index)
 		.await;
 
-	let _span = span.child("session-info-ctx-received");
 	match session_info_res {
 		Ok(ExtendedSessionInfo { session_info, node_features, .. }) => {
 			let mut backer_group = None;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/task/strategy/chunks.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/task/strategy/chunks.rs
index b6376a5b543ed75d511571ec48d2fee8cac6a7d4..6b34538b62662fa5c562d9d78e6cc5c18fabd2f7 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/task/strategy/chunks.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/task/strategy/chunks.rs
@@ -107,9 +107,10 @@ impl FetchChunks {
 		state: &mut State,
 		common_params: &RecoveryParams,
 	) -> Result<AvailableData, RecoveryError> {
-		let recovery_duration = common_params
-			.metrics
-			.time_erasure_recovery(RecoveryStrategy::<Sender>::strategy_type(self));
+		let recovery_duration =
+			common_params
+				.metrics
+				.time_erasure_recovery(RecoveryStrategy::<Sender>::strategy_type(self));
 
 		// Send request to reconstruct available data from chunks.
 		let (avilable_data_tx, available_data_rx) = oneshot::channel();
@@ -136,18 +137,16 @@ impl FetchChunks {
 			// Attempt post-recovery check.
 			Ok(data) => do_post_recovery_check(common_params, data)
 				.await
-				.map_err(|e| {
+				.inspect_err(|_| {
 					recovery_duration.map(|rd| rd.stop_and_discard());
-					e
 				})
-				.map(|data| {
+				.inspect(|_| {
 					gum::trace!(
 						target: LOG_TARGET,
 						candidate_hash = ?common_params.candidate_hash,
 						erasure_root = ?common_params.erasure_root,
 						"Data recovery from chunks complete",
 					);
-					data
 				}),
 			Err(err) => {
 				recovery_duration.map(|rd| rd.stop_and_discard());
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/task/strategy/systematic.rs b/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/task/strategy/systematic.rs
index 677bc2d1375aa75900123c39f1fbe59c8902ea69..8b8cff549912eeedfb3b682502d25e0b930f5788 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/task/strategy/systematic.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/availability-recovery/src/task/strategy/systematic.rs
@@ -125,18 +125,16 @@ impl FetchSystematicChunks {
 				// Attempt post-recovery check.
 				do_post_recovery_check(common_params, data)
 					.await
-					.map_err(|e| {
+					.inspect_err(|_| {
 						recovery_duration.map(|rd| rd.stop_and_discard());
-						e
 					})
-					.map(|data| {
+					.inspect(|_| {
 						gum::trace!(
 							target: LOG_TARGET,
 							candidate_hash = ?common_params.candidate_hash,
 							erasure_root = ?common_params.erasure_root,
 							"Data recovery from systematic chunks complete",
 						);
-						data
 					})
 			},
 			Err(err) => {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution/src/lib.rs
index 029401e0bd51478ad7144e2790c6abe3db52ce3c..3003f970a64180f657a6745de048f325d1a2b746 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution/src/lib.rs
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 	UnifiedReputationChange as Rep, Versioned, View,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger, messages::*, overseer, ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, PerLeafSpan,
-	SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError, SubsystemResult,
+	messages::*, overseer, ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem,
+	SubsystemError, SubsystemResult,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 	self as util,
@@ -177,22 +177,14 @@ struct PerRelayParentData {
 	/// Track messages that were already received by a peer
 	/// to prevent flooding.
 	message_received_from_peer: HashMap<PeerId, HashSet<ValidatorId>>,
-
-	/// The span for this leaf/relay parent.
-	span: PerLeafSpan,
 }
 
 impl PerRelayParentData {
 	/// Create a new instance.
-	fn new(
-		signing_context: SigningContext,
-		validator_set: Vec<ValidatorId>,
-		span: PerLeafSpan,
-	) -> Self {
+	fn new(signing_context: SigningContext, validator_set: Vec<ValidatorId>) -> Self {
 		Self {
 			signing_context,
 			validator_set,
-			span,
 			one_per_validator: Default::default(),
 			message_sent_to_peer: Default::default(),
 			message_received_from_peer: Default::default(),
@@ -304,8 +296,6 @@ impl BitfieldDistribution {
 								let relay_parent = activated.hash;
 
 								gum::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?relay_parent, "activated");
-								let span = PerLeafSpan::new(activated.span, "bitfield-distribution");
-								let _span = span.child("query-basics");
 
 								// query validator set and signing context per relay_parent once only
 								match query_basics(&mut ctx, relay_parent).await {
@@ -317,7 +307,7 @@ impl BitfieldDistribution {
 										// us anything to do with this relay-parent anyway.
 										let _ = state.per_relay_parent.insert(
 											relay_parent,
-											PerRelayParentData::new(signing_context, validator_set, span),
+											PerRelayParentData::new(signing_context, validator_set),
 										);
 									},
 									Err(err) => {
@@ -430,9 +420,7 @@ async fn relay_message<Context>(
 	rng: &mut (impl CryptoRng + Rng),
 ) {
 	let relay_parent = message.relay_parent;
-	let span = job_data.span.child("relay-msg");
 
-	let _span = span.child("provisionable");
 	// notify the overseer about a new and valid signed bitfield
 	ctx.send_message(ProvisionerMessage::ProvisionableData(
 		relay_parent,
@@ -440,11 +428,9 @@ async fn relay_message<Context>(
 	))
 	.await;
 
-	drop(_span);
 	let total_peers = peers.len();
 	let mut random_routing: RandomRouting = Default::default();
 
-	let _span = span.child("interested-peers");
 	// pass on the bitfield distribution to all interested peers
 	let interested_peers = peers
 		.iter()
@@ -487,8 +473,6 @@ async fn relay_message<Context>(
 			.insert(validator.clone());
 	});
 
-	drop(_span);
-
 	if interested_peers.is_empty() {
 		gum::trace!(
 			target: LOG_TARGET,
@@ -496,8 +480,6 @@ async fn relay_message<Context>(
 			"no peers are interested in gossip for relay parent",
 		);
 	} else {
-		let _span = span.child("gossip");
-
 		let v1_interested_peers =
 			filter_by_peer_version(&interested_peers, ValidationVersion::V1.into());
 		let v2_interested_peers =
@@ -594,14 +576,6 @@ async fn process_incoming_peer_message<Context>(
 
 	let validator_index = bitfield.unchecked_validator_index();
 
-	let mut _span = job_data
-		.span
-		.child("msg-received")
-		.with_peer_id(&origin)
-		.with_relay_parent(relay_parent)
-		.with_claimed_validator_index(validator_index)
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::BitfieldDistribution);
-
 	let validator_set = &job_data.validator_set;
 	if validator_set.is_empty() {
 		gum::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?relay_parent, ?origin, "Validator set is empty",);
@@ -914,7 +888,6 @@ async fn send_tracked_gossip_message<Context>(
 		return
 	};
 
-	let _span = job_data.span.child("gossip");
 	gum::trace!(
 		target: LOG_TARGET,
 		?dest,
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution/src/tests.rs
index 4ed4bf6b38c50ca837456db70881f32cf4b43f5f..66a3c3f70909b8d3e0c1ed516c0ff01130de8474 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/bitfield-distribution/src/tests.rs
@@ -25,11 +25,7 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 	peer_set::ValidationVersion,
 	view, ObservedRole,
 };
-use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
-	jaeger::{PerLeafSpan, Span},
-	messages::ReportPeerMessage,
-};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::ReportPeerMessage;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::make_subsystem_context;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::TimeoutExt;
 use polkadot_primitives::{AvailabilityBitfield, Signed, ValidatorIndex};
@@ -86,7 +82,6 @@ fn prewarmed_state(
 					},
 					message_received_from_peer: hashmap!{},
 					message_sent_to_peer: hashmap!{},
-					span: PerLeafSpan::new(Arc::new(jaeger::Span::Disabled), "test"),
 				},
 		},
 		peer_data: peers
@@ -124,7 +119,6 @@ fn state_with_view(
 					one_per_validator: hashmap! {},
 					message_received_from_peer: hashmap! {},
 					message_sent_to_peer: hashmap! {},
-					span: PerLeafSpan::new(Arc::new(jaeger::Span::Disabled), "test"),
 				},
 			)
 		})
@@ -1024,11 +1018,7 @@ fn need_message_works() {
 	let validator_set = Vec::from_iter(validators.iter().map(|k| ValidatorId::from(k.public())));
 
 	let signing_context = SigningContext { session_index: 1, parent_hash: Hash::repeat_byte(0x00) };
-	let mut state = PerRelayParentData::new(
-		signing_context,
-		validator_set.clone(),
-		PerLeafSpan::new(Arc::new(Span::Disabled), "foo"),
-	);
+	let mut state = PerRelayParentData::new(signing_context, validator_set.clone());
 
 	let peer_a = PeerId::random();
 	let peer_b = PeerId::random();
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/bridge/src/rx/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/bridge/src/rx/mod.rs
index 7745c42f78a173b2c835f4b575171bd25146341e..bb99536f78334d024d8fe60974a7303fa783a39a 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/bridge/src/rx/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/bridge/src/rx/mod.rs
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	errors::SubsystemError,
 	messages::{
 		network_bridge_event::NewGossipTopology, ApprovalDistributionMessage,
-		BitfieldDistributionMessage, CollatorProtocolMessage, GossipSupportMessage,
-		NetworkBridgeEvent, NetworkBridgeRxMessage, StatementDistributionMessage,
+		ApprovalVotingParallelMessage, BitfieldDistributionMessage, CollatorProtocolMessage,
+		GossipSupportMessage, NetworkBridgeEvent, NetworkBridgeRxMessage,
+		StatementDistributionMessage,
 	},
 	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem,
 };
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ pub struct NetworkBridgeRx<N, AD> {
 	validation_service: Box<dyn NotificationService>,
 	collation_service: Box<dyn NotificationService>,
 	notification_sinks: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<(PeerSet, PeerId), Box<dyn MessageSink>>>>,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 }
 
 impl<N, AD> NetworkBridgeRx<N, AD> {
@@ -105,6 +107,7 @@ impl<N, AD> NetworkBridgeRx<N, AD> {
 		peerset_protocol_names: PeerSetProtocolNames,
 		mut notification_services: HashMap<PeerSet, Box<dyn NotificationService>>,
 		notification_sinks: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<(PeerSet, PeerId), Box<dyn MessageSink>>>>,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 	) -> Self {
 		let shared = Shared::default();
 
@@ -125,6 +128,7 @@ impl<N, AD> NetworkBridgeRx<N, AD> {
 			validation_service,
 			collation_service,
 			notification_sinks,
+			approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -156,6 +160,7 @@ async fn handle_validation_message<AD>(
 	peerset_protocol_names: &PeerSetProtocolNames,
 	notification_service: &mut Box<dyn NotificationService>,
 	notification_sinks: &mut Arc<Mutex<HashMap<(PeerSet, PeerId), Box<dyn MessageSink>>>>,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 ) where
 	AD: validator_discovery::AuthorityDiscovery + Send,
 {
@@ -276,6 +281,7 @@ async fn handle_validation_message<AD>(
 				],
 				sender,
 				&metrics,
+				approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 			)
 			.await;
 
@@ -329,6 +335,7 @@ async fn handle_validation_message<AD>(
 					NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerDisconnected(peer),
 					sender,
 					&metrics,
+					approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 				)
 				.await;
 			}
@@ -398,7 +405,13 @@ async fn handle_validation_message<AD>(
 				network_service.report_peer(peer, report.into());
 			}
 
-			dispatch_validation_events_to_all(events, sender, &metrics).await;
+			dispatch_validation_events_to_all(
+				events,
+				sender,
+				&metrics,
+				approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
+			)
+			.await;
 		},
 	}
 }
@@ -652,6 +665,7 @@ async fn handle_network_messages<AD>(
 	mut validation_service: Box<dyn NotificationService>,
 	mut collation_service: Box<dyn NotificationService>,
 	mut notification_sinks: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<(PeerSet, PeerId), Box<dyn MessageSink>>>>,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 ) -> Result<(), Error>
 where
 	AD: validator_discovery::AuthorityDiscovery + Send,
@@ -669,6 +683,7 @@ where
 					&peerset_protocol_names,
 					&mut validation_service,
 					&mut notification_sinks,
+					approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 				).await,
 				None => return Err(Error::EventStreamConcluded),
 			},
@@ -727,6 +742,7 @@ async fn run_incoming_orchestra_signals<Context, AD>(
 	sync_oracle: Box<dyn SyncOracle + Send>,
 	metrics: Metrics,
 	notification_sinks: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<(PeerSet, PeerId), Box<dyn MessageSink>>>>,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 ) -> Result<(), Error>
 where
 	AD: validator_discovery::AuthorityDiscovery + Clone,
@@ -766,6 +782,7 @@ where
 						local_index,
 					}),
 					ctx.sender(),
+					approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 				);
 			},
 			FromOrchestra::Communication {
@@ -787,6 +804,7 @@ where
 				dispatch_validation_event_to_all_unbounded(
 					NetworkBridgeEvent::UpdatedAuthorityIds(peer_id, authority_ids),
 					ctx.sender(),
+					approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 				);
 			},
 			FromOrchestra::Signal(OverseerSignal::Conclude) => return Ok(()),
@@ -826,6 +844,7 @@ where
 							finalized_number,
 							&metrics,
 							&notification_sinks,
+							approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 						);
 						note_peers_count(&metrics, &shared);
 					}
@@ -875,6 +894,7 @@ where
 		validation_service,
 		collation_service,
 		notification_sinks,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 	} = bridge;
 
 	let (task, network_event_handler) = handle_network_messages(
@@ -887,6 +907,7 @@ where
 		validation_service,
 		collation_service,
 		notification_sinks.clone(),
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 	)
 	.remote_handle();
 
@@ -900,6 +921,7 @@ where
 		sync_oracle,
 		metrics,
 		notification_sinks,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 	);
 
 	futures::pin_mut!(orchestra_signal_handler);
@@ -926,6 +948,7 @@ fn update_our_view<Context>(
 	finalized_number: BlockNumber,
 	metrics: &Metrics,
 	notification_sinks: &Arc<Mutex<HashMap<(PeerSet, PeerId), Box<dyn MessageSink>>>>,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 ) {
 	let new_view = construct_view(live_heads.iter().map(|v| v.hash), finalized_number);
 
@@ -963,13 +986,14 @@ fn update_our_view<Context>(
 	};
 
 	let our_view = OurView::new(
-		live_heads.iter().take(MAX_VIEW_HEADS).cloned().map(|a| (a.hash, a.span)),
+		live_heads.iter().take(MAX_VIEW_HEADS).cloned().map(|a| a.hash),
 		finalized_number,
 	);
 
 	dispatch_validation_event_to_all_unbounded(
 		NetworkBridgeEvent::OurViewChange(our_view.clone()),
 		ctx.sender(),
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 	);
 
 	dispatch_collation_event_to_all_unbounded(
@@ -1081,8 +1105,15 @@ async fn dispatch_validation_event_to_all(
 	event: NetworkBridgeEvent<net_protocol::VersionedValidationProtocol>,
 	ctx: &mut impl overseer::NetworkBridgeRxSenderTrait,
 	metrics: &Metrics,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 ) {
-	dispatch_validation_events_to_all(std::iter::once(event), ctx, metrics).await
+	dispatch_validation_events_to_all(
+		std::iter::once(event),
+		ctx,
+		metrics,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
+	)
+	.await
 }
 
 async fn dispatch_collation_event_to_all(
@@ -1095,6 +1126,7 @@ async fn dispatch_collation_event_to_all(
 fn dispatch_validation_event_to_all_unbounded(
 	event: NetworkBridgeEvent<net_protocol::VersionedValidationProtocol>,
 	sender: &mut impl overseer::NetworkBridgeRxSenderTrait,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 ) {
 	event
 		.focus()
@@ -1106,11 +1138,20 @@ fn dispatch_validation_event_to_all_unbounded(
 		.ok()
 		.map(BitfieldDistributionMessage::from)
 		.and_then(|msg| Some(sender.send_unbounded_message(msg)));
-	event
-		.focus()
-		.ok()
-		.map(ApprovalDistributionMessage::from)
-		.and_then(|msg| Some(sender.send_unbounded_message(msg)));
+
+	if approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+		event
+			.focus()
+			.ok()
+			.map(ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::from)
+			.and_then(|msg| Some(sender.send_unbounded_message(msg)));
+	} else {
+		event
+			.focus()
+			.ok()
+			.map(ApprovalDistributionMessage::from)
+			.and_then(|msg| Some(sender.send_unbounded_message(msg)));
+	}
 	event
 		.focus()
 		.ok()
@@ -1131,6 +1172,7 @@ async fn dispatch_validation_events_to_all<I>(
 	events: I,
 	sender: &mut impl overseer::NetworkBridgeRxSenderTrait,
 	_metrics: &Metrics,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 ) where
 	I: IntoIterator<Item = NetworkBridgeEvent<net_protocol::VersionedValidationProtocol>>,
 	I::IntoIter: Send,
@@ -1160,7 +1202,11 @@ async fn dispatch_validation_events_to_all<I>(
 	for event in events {
 		send_message!(event, StatementDistributionMessage);
 		send_message!(event, BitfieldDistributionMessage);
-		send_message!(event, ApprovalDistributionMessage);
+		if approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+			send_message!(event, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage);
+		} else {
+			send_message!(event, ApprovalDistributionMessage);
+		}
 		send_message!(event, GossipSupportMessage);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/bridge/src/rx/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/network/bridge/src/rx/tests.rs
index 601dca5cb8a3c4db817d2c4681058392b9f7686f..e3f2715ef2b07fc2738b244a1e92cf672bf5d2a0 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/bridge/src/rx/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/bridge/src/rx/tests.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 use super::*;
 use futures::{channel::oneshot, executor};
-use overseer::jaeger;
 use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{self as net_protocol, OurView};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::NetworkBridgeEvent;
 
@@ -529,6 +528,7 @@ fn test_harness<T: Future<Output = VirtualOverseer>>(
 		validation_service,
 		collation_service,
 		notification_sinks,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled: false,
 	};
 
 	let network_bridge = run_network_in(bridge, context)
@@ -1380,12 +1380,7 @@ fn our_view_updates_decreasing_order_and_limited_to_max() {
 		}
 
 		let our_views = (1..=MAX_VIEW_HEADS).rev().map(|start| {
-			OurView::new(
-				(start..=MAX_VIEW_HEADS)
-					.rev()
-					.map(|i| (Hash::repeat_byte(i as u8), Arc::new(jaeger::Span::Disabled))),
-				0,
-			)
+			OurView::new((start..=MAX_VIEW_HEADS).rev().map(|i| Hash::repeat_byte(i as u8)), 0)
 		});
 
 		for our_view in our_views {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/mod.rs
index cfe0ed278fc9a343025327eb359643cb540b394e..504b0d716043943875de9635832b473872e5fd7e 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/mod.rs
@@ -38,12 +38,11 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{CollationSecondedSignal, PoV, Statement};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{
 		CollatorProtocolMessage, NetworkBridgeEvent, NetworkBridgeTxMessage, ParentHeadData,
 		RuntimeApiMessage,
 	},
-	overseer, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, PerLeafSpan,
+	overseer, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 	backing_implicit_view::View as ImplicitView,
@@ -285,9 +284,6 @@ struct State {
 	/// our view, including both leaves and implicit ancestry.
 	per_relay_parent: HashMap<Hash, PerRelayParent>,
 
-	/// Span per relay parent.
-	span_per_relay_parent: HashMap<Hash, PerLeafSpan>,
-
 	/// The result senders per collation.
 	collation_result_senders: HashMap<CandidateHash, oneshot::Sender<CollationSecondedSignal>>,
 
@@ -346,7 +342,6 @@ impl State {
 			implicit_view: None,
 			active_leaves: Default::default(),
 			per_relay_parent: Default::default(),
-			span_per_relay_parent: Default::default(),
 			collation_result_senders: Default::default(),
 			peer_ids: Default::default(),
 			validator_groups_buf: ValidatorGroupsBuffer::with_capacity(VALIDATORS_BUFFER_CAPACITY),
@@ -855,12 +850,6 @@ async fn process_msg<Context>(
 			result_sender,
 			core_index,
 		} => {
-			let _span1 = state
-				.span_per_relay_parent
-				.get(&candidate_receipt.descriptor.relay_parent())
-				.map(|s| s.child("distributing-collation"));
-			let _span2 = jaeger::Span::new(&pov, "distributing-collation");
-
 			match state.collating_on {
 				Some(id) if candidate_receipt.descriptor.para_id() != id => {
 					// If the ParaId of a collation requested to be distributed does not match
@@ -1089,11 +1078,6 @@ async fn handle_incoming_request<Context>(
 	let peer_id = req.peer_id();
 	let para_id = req.para_id();
 
-	let _span = state
-		.span_per_relay_parent
-		.get(&relay_parent)
-		.map(|s| s.child("request-collation"));
-
 	match state.collating_on {
 		Some(our_para_id) if our_para_id == para_id => {
 			let per_relay_parent = match state.per_relay_parent.get_mut(&relay_parent) {
@@ -1148,8 +1132,6 @@ async fn handle_incoming_request<Context>(
 
 			state.metrics.on_collation_sent_requested();
 
-			let _span = _span.as_ref().map(|s| s.child("sending"));
-
 			let waiting = state.waiting_collation_fetches.entry(relay_parent).or_default();
 			let candidate_hash = receipt.hash();
 
@@ -1360,11 +1342,6 @@ async fn handle_our_view_change<Context>(
 	for leaf in added {
 		let mode = prospective_parachains_mode(ctx.sender(), *leaf).await?;
 
-		if let Some(span) = view.span_per_head().get(leaf).cloned() {
-			let per_leaf_span = PerLeafSpan::new(span, "collator-side");
-			state.span_per_relay_parent.insert(*leaf, per_leaf_span);
-		}
-
 		state.active_leaves.insert(*leaf, mode);
 		state.per_relay_parent.insert(*leaf, PerRelayParent::new(mode));
 
@@ -1465,7 +1442,6 @@ async fn handle_our_view_change<Context>(
 					),
 				}
 			}
-			state.span_per_relay_parent.remove(removed);
 			state.waiting_collation_fetches.remove(removed);
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/tests/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/tests/mod.rs
index 2f4c768b89e060e73c6fcfc4cca4b16ec119f2c5..23954f8d781bdfa7c78a0ddd75898aff1d893bd3 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/tests/mod.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ use super::*;
 
 use std::{
 	collections::{BTreeMap, HashSet, VecDeque},
-	sync::Arc,
 	time::Duration,
 };
 
@@ -42,7 +41,6 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 use polkadot_node_primitives::BlockData;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	errors::RuntimeApiError,
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{AllMessages, ReportPeerMessage, RuntimeApiMessage, RuntimeApiRequest},
 	ActiveLeavesUpdate,
 };
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/tests/prospective_parachains.rs b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
index d3eae9dbba6e32cf91c95250a28a0c91e7a45e21..348feb9dd1dbc01641556b25c813e4f4c205c870 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/collator_side/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@ async fn update_view(
 ) {
 	let new_view: HashMap<Hash, u32> = HashMap::from_iter(new_view);
 
-	let our_view =
-		OurView::new(new_view.keys().map(|hash| (*hash, Arc::new(jaeger::Span::Disabled))), 0);
+	let our_view = OurView::new(new_view.keys().map(|hash| *hash), 0);
 
 	overseer_send(
 		virtual_overseer,
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/collation.rs b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/collation.rs
index 9cbccbf55824b827da362df651aee1f26346688f..0b3e9f4b34317b5d735ff574448c2b88873a1d31 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/collation.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/collation.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 	PeerId,
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::PoV;
-use polkadot_node_subsystem::jaeger;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 	metrics::prometheus::prometheus::HistogramTimer, runtime::ProspectiveParachainsMode,
 };
@@ -72,10 +71,6 @@ pub struct FetchedCollation {
 	pub para_id: ParaId,
 	/// Candidate hash.
 	pub candidate_hash: CandidateHash,
-	/// Id of the collator the collation was fetched from.
-	/// This will be missing when we create the struct from
-	/// a v2 candidate receipt. instance
-	pub collator_id: Option<CollatorId>,
 }
 
 impl From<&CandidateReceipt<Hash>> for FetchedCollation {
@@ -85,7 +80,6 @@ impl From<&CandidateReceipt<Hash>> for FetchedCollation {
 			relay_parent: descriptor.relay_parent(),
 			para_id: descriptor.para_id(),
 			candidate_hash: receipt.hash(),
-			collator_id: descriptor.collator(),
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -321,8 +315,6 @@ pub(super) struct CollationFetchRequest {
 	pub from_collator: BoxFuture<'static, OutgoingResult<request_v1::CollationFetchingResponse>>,
 	/// Handle used for checking if this request was cancelled.
 	pub cancellation_token: CancellationToken,
-	/// A jaeger span corresponding to the lifetime of the request.
-	pub span: Option<jaeger::Span>,
 	/// A metric histogram for the lifetime of the request
 	pub _lifetime_timer: Option<HistogramTimer>,
 }
@@ -341,7 +333,6 @@ impl Future for CollationFetchRequest {
 		};
 
 		if cancelled {
-			self.span.as_mut().map(|s| s.add_string_tag("success", "false"));
 			return Poll::Ready((
 				CollationEvent {
 					collator_protocol_version: self.collator_protocol_version,
@@ -363,16 +354,6 @@ impl Future for CollationFetchRequest {
 			)
 		});
 
-		match &res {
-			Poll::Ready((_, Ok(_))) => {
-				self.span.as_mut().map(|s| s.add_string_tag("success", "true"));
-			},
-			Poll::Ready((_, Err(_))) => {
-				self.span.as_mut().map(|s| s.add_string_tag("success", "false"));
-			},
-			_ => {},
-		};
-
 		res
 	}
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/mod.rs
index 72172557fd9077051535962dc2b04ce0b4af6fa8..51e987d59ce847977a9c2dda13941cea7c139c1c 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/mod.rs
@@ -39,13 +39,12 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{SignedFullStatement, Statement};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{
 		CanSecondRequest, CandidateBackingMessage, CollatorProtocolMessage, IfDisconnected,
 		NetworkBridgeEvent, NetworkBridgeTxMessage, ParentHeadData, ProspectiveParachainsMessage,
 		ProspectiveValidationDataRequest,
 	},
-	overseer, CollatorProtocolSenderTrait, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal, PerLeafSpan,
+	overseer, CollatorProtocolSenderTrait, FromOrchestra, OverseerSignal,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 	backing_implicit_view::View as ImplicitView,
@@ -420,9 +419,6 @@ struct State {
 	/// Metrics.
 	metrics: Metrics,
 
-	/// Span per relay parent.
-	span_per_relay_parent: HashMap<Hash, PerLeafSpan>,
-
 	/// When a timer in this `FuturesUnordered` triggers, we should dequeue the next request
 	/// attempt in the corresponding `collations_per_relay_parent`.
 	///
@@ -723,10 +719,6 @@ async fn request_collation(
 		collator_protocol_version: peer_protocol_version,
 		from_collator: response_recv,
 		cancellation_token: cancellation_token.clone(),
-		span: state
-			.span_per_relay_parent
-			.get(&relay_parent)
-			.map(|s| s.child("collation-request").with_para_id(para_id)),
 		_lifetime_timer: state.metrics.time_collation_request_duration(),
 	};
 
@@ -1066,11 +1058,6 @@ async fn handle_advertisement<Sender>(
 where
 	Sender: CollatorProtocolSenderTrait,
 {
-	let _span = state
-		.span_per_relay_parent
-		.get(&relay_parent)
-		.map(|s| s.child("advertise-collation"));
-
 	let peer_data = state.peer_data.get_mut(&peer_id).ok_or(AdvertisementError::UnknownPeer)?;
 
 	if peer_data.version == CollationVersion::V1 && !state.active_leaves.contains_key(&relay_parent)
@@ -1264,11 +1251,6 @@ where
 	for leaf in added {
 		let mode = prospective_parachains_mode(sender, *leaf).await?;
 
-		if let Some(span) = view.span_per_head().get(leaf).cloned() {
-			let per_leaf_span = PerLeafSpan::new(span, "validator-side");
-			state.span_per_relay_parent.insert(*leaf, per_leaf_span);
-		}
-
 		let mut per_relay_parent = PerRelayParent::new(mode);
 		assign_incoming(
 			sender,
@@ -1338,7 +1320,6 @@ where
 				keep
 			});
 			state.fetched_candidates.retain(|k, _| k.relay_parent != removed);
-			state.span_per_relay_parent.remove(&removed);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1983,10 +1964,6 @@ async fn handle_collation_fetch_response(
 		Ok(resp) => Ok(resp),
 	};
 
-	let _span = state
-		.span_per_relay_parent
-		.get(&pending_collation.relay_parent)
-		.map(|s| s.child("received-collation"));
 	let _timer = state.metrics.time_handle_collation_request_result();
 
 	let mut metrics_result = Err(());
@@ -2067,7 +2044,6 @@ async fn handle_collation_fetch_response(
 				candidate_hash = ?candidate_receipt.hash(),
 				"Received collation",
 			);
-			let _span = jaeger::Span::new(&pov, "received-collation");
 
 			metrics_result = Ok(());
 			Ok(PendingCollationFetch {
@@ -2093,7 +2069,6 @@ async fn handle_collation_fetch_response(
 				candidate_hash = ?receipt.hash(),
 				"Received collation (v3)",
 			);
-			let _span = jaeger::Span::new(&pov, "received-collation");
 
 			metrics_result = Ok(());
 			Ok(PendingCollationFetch {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/tests/prospective_parachains.rs b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
index a75b924e65d4f5f801cbf27c1c9269b78801d196..e040163cd905bda362acae30eb33eec97fc690d9 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/collator-protocol/src/validator_side/tests/prospective_parachains.rs
@@ -103,8 +103,7 @@ pub(super) async fn update_view(
 ) -> Option<AllMessages> {
 	let new_view: HashMap<Hash, u32> = HashMap::from_iter(new_view);
 
-	let our_view =
-		OurView::new(new_view.keys().map(|hash| (*hash, Arc::new(jaeger::Span::Disabled))), 0);
+	let our_view = OurView::new(new_view.keys().map(|hash| *hash), 0);
 
 	overseer_send(
 		virtual_overseer,
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/dispute-distribution/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/network/dispute-distribution/Cargo.toml
index ccf1b5daad7c3b7f3dd7d5525cb619781c01bce8..b4dcafe09eb60f9991af206d7c826d559f32d00a 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/dispute-distribution/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/dispute-distribution/Cargo.toml
@@ -38,5 +38,4 @@ sp-tracing = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-keystore = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 futures-timer = { workspace = true }
 assert_matches = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 polkadot-primitives-test-helpers = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/dispute-distribution/src/tests/mock.rs b/polkadot/node/network/dispute-distribution/src/tests/mock.rs
index 69054a1049d284dc1815c6501f0692594ca758cc..52659ae9e0029b06ca4359253489f668afbf6325 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/dispute-distribution/src/tests/mock.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/dispute-distribution/src/tests/mock.rs
@@ -19,12 +19,11 @@
 
 use std::{
 	collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-	sync::Arc,
+	sync::{Arc, LazyLock},
 	time::Instant,
 };
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 
 use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{authority_discovery::AuthorityDiscovery, PeerId};
 use sc_keystore::LocalKeystore;
@@ -60,64 +59,60 @@ pub const ALICE_INDEX: ValidatorIndex = ValidatorIndex(1);
 pub const BOB_INDEX: ValidatorIndex = ValidatorIndex(2);
 pub const CHARLIE_INDEX: ValidatorIndex = ValidatorIndex(3);
 
-lazy_static! {
-
 /// Mocked `AuthorityDiscovery` service.
-pub static ref MOCK_AUTHORITY_DISCOVERY: MockAuthorityDiscovery = MockAuthorityDiscovery::new();
+pub static MOCK_AUTHORITY_DISCOVERY: LazyLock<MockAuthorityDiscovery> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| MockAuthorityDiscovery::new());
 // Creating an innocent looking `SessionInfo` is really expensive in a debug build. Around
 // 700ms on my machine, We therefore cache those keys here:
-pub static ref MOCK_VALIDATORS_DISCOVERY_KEYS: HashMap<Sr25519Keyring, AuthorityDiscoveryId> =
-	MOCK_VALIDATORS
-	.iter()
-	.chain(MOCK_AUTHORITIES_NEXT_SESSION.iter())
-	.map(|v| (*v, v.public().into()))
-	.collect()
-;
-pub static ref FERDIE_DISCOVERY_KEY: AuthorityDiscoveryId =
-	MOCK_VALIDATORS_DISCOVERY_KEYS.get(&Sr25519Keyring::Ferdie).unwrap().clone();
-
-pub static ref MOCK_SESSION_INFO: SessionInfo =
-	SessionInfo {
-		validators: MOCK_VALIDATORS.iter().take(4).map(|k| k.public().into()).collect(),
-		discovery_keys: MOCK_VALIDATORS
+pub static MOCK_VALIDATORS_DISCOVERY_KEYS: LazyLock<HashMap<Sr25519Keyring, AuthorityDiscoveryId>> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| {
+		MOCK_VALIDATORS
 			.iter()
-			.map(|k| MOCK_VALIDATORS_DISCOVERY_KEYS.get(&k).unwrap().clone())
-			.collect(),
-		assignment_keys: vec![],
-		validator_groups: Default::default(),
-		n_cores: 0,
-		zeroth_delay_tranche_width: 0,
-		relay_vrf_modulo_samples: 0,
-		n_delay_tranches: 0,
-		no_show_slots: 0,
-		needed_approvals: 0,
-		active_validator_indices: vec![],
-		dispute_period: 6,
-		random_seed: [0u8; 32],
-	};
+			.chain(MOCK_AUTHORITIES_NEXT_SESSION.iter())
+			.map(|v| (*v, v.public().into()))
+			.collect()
+	});
+pub static FERDIE_DISCOVERY_KEY: LazyLock<AuthorityDiscoveryId> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| MOCK_VALIDATORS_DISCOVERY_KEYS.get(&Sr25519Keyring::Ferdie).unwrap().clone());
+
+pub static MOCK_SESSION_INFO: LazyLock<SessionInfo> = LazyLock::new(|| SessionInfo {
+	validators: MOCK_VALIDATORS.iter().take(4).map(|k| k.public().into()).collect(),
+	discovery_keys: MOCK_VALIDATORS
+		.iter()
+		.map(|k| MOCK_VALIDATORS_DISCOVERY_KEYS.get(&k).unwrap().clone())
+		.collect(),
+	assignment_keys: vec![],
+	validator_groups: Default::default(),
+	n_cores: 0,
+	zeroth_delay_tranche_width: 0,
+	relay_vrf_modulo_samples: 0,
+	n_delay_tranches: 0,
+	no_show_slots: 0,
+	needed_approvals: 0,
+	active_validator_indices: vec![],
+	dispute_period: 6,
+	random_seed: [0u8; 32],
+});
 
 /// `SessionInfo` for the second session. (No more validators, but two more authorities.
-pub static ref MOCK_NEXT_SESSION_INFO: SessionInfo =
-	SessionInfo {
-		discovery_keys:
-			MOCK_AUTHORITIES_NEXT_SESSION
-				.iter()
-				.map(|k| MOCK_VALIDATORS_DISCOVERY_KEYS.get(&k).unwrap().clone())
-				.collect(),
-		validators: Default::default(),
-		assignment_keys: vec![],
-		validator_groups: Default::default(),
-		n_cores: 0,
-		zeroth_delay_tranche_width: 0,
-		relay_vrf_modulo_samples: 0,
-		n_delay_tranches: 0,
-		no_show_slots: 0,
-		needed_approvals: 0,
-		active_validator_indices: vec![],
-		dispute_period: 6,
-		random_seed: [0u8; 32],
-	};
-}
+pub static MOCK_NEXT_SESSION_INFO: LazyLock<SessionInfo> = LazyLock::new(|| SessionInfo {
+	discovery_keys: MOCK_AUTHORITIES_NEXT_SESSION
+		.iter()
+		.map(|k| MOCK_VALIDATORS_DISCOVERY_KEYS.get(&k).unwrap().clone())
+		.collect(),
+	validators: Default::default(),
+	assignment_keys: vec![],
+	validator_groups: Default::default(),
+	n_cores: 0,
+	zeroth_delay_tranche_width: 0,
+	relay_vrf_modulo_samples: 0,
+	n_delay_tranches: 0,
+	no_show_slots: 0,
+	needed_approvals: 0,
+	active_validator_indices: vec![],
+	dispute_period: 6,
+	random_seed: [0u8; 32],
+});
 
 pub fn make_candidate_receipt(relay_parent: Hash) -> CandidateReceipt {
 	CandidateReceipt {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/gossip-support/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/network/gossip-support/Cargo.toml
index 83fdc7e26191e6b2568a9733b163a0f0239f6709..c8c19e5de070fdb981a484f78d5349161fd6d71c 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/gossip-support/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/gossip-support/Cargo.toml
@@ -39,5 +39,4 @@ polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers = { workspace = true }
 assert_matches = { workspace = true }
 async-trait = { workspace = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 quickcheck = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/gossip-support/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/network/gossip-support/src/tests.rs
index 09622254f523e5605f8b203645819b2ea176dcfd..399f29db67da8c029cab8b151eff220e03398b68 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/gossip-support/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/gossip-support/src/tests.rs
@@ -16,12 +16,11 @@
 
 //! Unit tests for Gossip Support Subsystem.
 
-use std::{collections::HashSet, time::Duration};
+use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::LazyLock, time::Duration};
 
 use assert_matches::assert_matches;
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use futures::{executor, future, Future};
-use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use quickcheck::quickcheck;
 use rand::seq::SliceRandom as _;
 
@@ -56,39 +55,29 @@ const AUTHORITY_KEYRINGS: &[Sr25519Keyring] = &[
 	Sr25519Keyring::Ferdie,
 ];
 
-lazy_static! {
-	static ref AUTHORITIES: Vec<AuthorityDiscoveryId> =
-		AUTHORITY_KEYRINGS.iter().map(|k| k.public().into()).collect();
+static AUTHORITIES: LazyLock<Vec<AuthorityDiscoveryId>> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| AUTHORITY_KEYRINGS.iter().map(|k| k.public().into()).collect());
 
-	static ref AUTHORITIES_WITHOUT_US: Vec<AuthorityDiscoveryId> = {
-		let mut a = AUTHORITIES.clone();
-		a.pop(); // remove FERDIE.
-		a
-	};
-
-	static ref PAST_PRESENT_FUTURE_AUTHORITIES: Vec<AuthorityDiscoveryId> = {
-		(0..50)
-			.map(|_| AuthorityDiscoveryPair::generate().0.public())
-			.chain(AUTHORITIES.clone())
-			.collect()
-	};
+static AUTHORITIES_WITHOUT_US: LazyLock<Vec<AuthorityDiscoveryId>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+	let mut a = AUTHORITIES.clone();
+	a.pop(); // remove FERDIE.
+	a
+});
 
-	// [2 6]
-	// [4 5]
-	// [1 3]
-	// [0  ]
+static PAST_PRESENT_FUTURE_AUTHORITIES: LazyLock<Vec<AuthorityDiscoveryId>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+	(0..50)
+		.map(|_| AuthorityDiscoveryPair::generate().0.public())
+		.chain(AUTHORITIES.clone())
+		.collect()
+});
 
-	static ref EXPECTED_SHUFFLING: Vec<usize> = vec![6, 4, 0, 5, 2, 3, 1];
+static EXPECTED_SHUFFLING: LazyLock<Vec<usize>> = LazyLock::new(|| vec![6, 4, 0, 5, 2, 3, 1]);
 
-	static ref ROW_NEIGHBORS: Vec<ValidatorIndex> = vec![
-		ValidatorIndex::from(2),
-	];
+static ROW_NEIGHBORS: LazyLock<Vec<ValidatorIndex>> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| vec![ValidatorIndex::from(2)]);
 
-	static ref COLUMN_NEIGHBORS: Vec<ValidatorIndex> = vec![
-		ValidatorIndex::from(3),
-		ValidatorIndex::from(5),
-	];
-}
+static COLUMN_NEIGHBORS: LazyLock<Vec<ValidatorIndex>> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| vec![ValidatorIndex::from(3), ValidatorIndex::from(5)]);
 
 type VirtualOverseer =
 	polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::TestSubsystemContextHandle<GossipSupportMessage>;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/protocol/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/network/protocol/Cargo.toml
index c9ae23d756cfc4d39d44286b7a567ed46969bf02..3d51d3c0a5659ca168a39e29f537d1028a0dcdbe 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/protocol/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/protocol/Cargo.toml
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ async-trait = { workspace = true }
 hex = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-node-jaeger = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 sc-network = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-network-types = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/protocol/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/network/protocol/src/lib.rs
index ca0f8a4e48493691d7c1cb43579e9420c8a88274..f4f1b715b926870cd4eed7c2dee25f13e9d2ab7f 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/protocol/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/protocol/src/lib.rs
@@ -21,10 +21,9 @@
 
 use codec::{Decode, Encode};
 use polkadot_primitives::{BlockNumber, Hash};
-use std::{collections::HashMap, fmt};
+use std::fmt;
 
 #[doc(hidden)]
-pub use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
 pub use sc_network::IfDisconnected;
 pub use sc_network_types::PeerId;
 #[doc(hidden)]
@@ -91,31 +90,16 @@ impl Into<sc_network::ObservedRole> for ObservedRole {
 }
 
 /// Specialized wrapper around [`View`].
-///
-/// Besides the access to the view itself, it also gives access to the [`jaeger::Span`] per
-/// leave/head.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
 pub struct OurView {
 	view: View,
-	span_per_head: HashMap<Hash, Arc<jaeger::Span>>,
 }
 
 impl OurView {
 	/// Creates a new instance.
-	pub fn new(
-		heads: impl IntoIterator<Item = (Hash, Arc<jaeger::Span>)>,
-		finalized_number: BlockNumber,
-	) -> Self {
-		let state_per_head = heads.into_iter().collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();
-		let view = View::new(state_per_head.keys().cloned(), finalized_number);
-		Self { view, span_per_head: state_per_head }
-	}
-
-	/// Returns the span per head map.
-	///
-	/// For each head there exists one span in this map.
-	pub fn span_per_head(&self) -> &HashMap<Hash, Arc<jaeger::Span>> {
-		&self.span_per_head
+	pub fn new(heads: impl IntoIterator<Item = Hash>, finalized_number: BlockNumber) -> Self {
+		let view = View::new(heads, finalized_number);
+		Self { view }
 	}
 }
 
@@ -133,8 +117,7 @@ impl std::ops::Deref for OurView {
 	}
 }
 
-/// Construct a new [`OurView`] with the given chain heads, finalized number 0 and disabled
-/// [`jaeger::Span`]'s.
+/// Construct a new [`OurView`] with the given chain heads, finalized number 0
 ///
 /// NOTE: Use for tests only.
 ///
@@ -149,7 +132,7 @@ impl std::ops::Deref for OurView {
 macro_rules! our_view {
 	( $( $hash:expr ),* $(,)? ) => {
 		$crate::OurView::new(
-			vec![ $( $hash.clone() ),* ].into_iter().map(|h| (h, $crate::Arc::new($crate::jaeger::Span::Disabled))),
+			vec![ $( $hash.clone() ),* ].into_iter().map(|h| h),
 			0,
 		)
 	};
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/protocol/src/request_response/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/protocol/src/request_response/mod.rs
index b498de55dce412d3f6d0aeeb937e157db7001a2c..296c462b508d643cd09e9079051cf3eeb8534e7f 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/protocol/src/request_response/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/protocol/src/request_response/mod.rs
@@ -123,10 +123,12 @@ const DEFAULT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_CONNECTED: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);
 /// Timeout for requesting availability chunks.
 pub const CHUNK_REQUEST_TIMEOUT: Duration = DEFAULT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_CONNECTED;
 
-/// This timeout is based on what seems sensible from a time budget perspective, considering 6
-/// second block time. This is going to be tough, if we have multiple forks and large PoVs, but we
-/// only have so much time.
-const POV_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_CONNECTED: Duration = Duration::from_millis(1200);
+/// This timeout is based on the following parameters, assuming we use asynchronous backing with no
+/// time budget within a relay block:
+/// - 500 Mbit/s networking speed
+/// - 10 MB PoV
+/// - 10 parallel executions
+const POV_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_CONNECTED: Duration = Duration::from_millis(2000);
 
 /// We want timeout statement requests fast, so we don't waste time on slow nodes. Responders will
 /// try their best to either serve within that timeout or return an error immediately. (We need to
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/mod.rs
index a86745e1dcb1ad2a37974c5a7f616529bedf69f4..bd6d4ebe755cde4d86be23a8cc24483741208fe9 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/mod.rs
@@ -33,9 +33,8 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::{
 };
 
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	jaeger,
 	messages::{CandidateBackingMessage, NetworkBridgeEvent, NetworkBridgeTxMessage},
-	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, PerLeafSpan, StatementDistributionSenderTrait,
+	overseer, ActivatedLeaf, StatementDistributionSenderTrait,
 };
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	vstaging::CommittedCandidateReceiptV2 as CommittedCandidateReceipt, AuthorityDiscoveryId,
@@ -633,15 +632,12 @@ pub(crate) struct ActiveHeadData {
 	session_index: sp_staking::SessionIndex,
 	/// How many `Seconded` statements we've seen per validator.
 	seconded_counts: HashMap<ValidatorIndex, usize>,
-	/// A Jaeger span for this head, so we can attach data to it.
-	span: PerLeafSpan,
 }
 
 impl ActiveHeadData {
 	fn new(
 		validators: IndexedVec<ValidatorIndex, ValidatorId>,
 		session_index: sp_staking::SessionIndex,
-		span: PerLeafSpan,
 	) -> Self {
 		ActiveHeadData {
 			candidates: Default::default(),
@@ -651,7 +647,6 @@ impl ActiveHeadData {
 			validators,
 			session_index,
 			seconded_counts: Default::default(),
-			span,
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -902,12 +897,6 @@ async fn circulate_statement_and_dependents<Context>(
 		None => return,
 	};
 
-	let _span = active_head
-		.span
-		.child("circulate-statement")
-		.with_candidate(statement.payload().candidate_hash())
-		.with_stage(jaeger::Stage::StatementDistribution);
-
 	let topology = topology_store
 		.get_topology_or_fallback(active_head.session_index)
 		.local_grid_neighbors();
@@ -934,12 +923,10 @@ async fn circulate_statement_and_dependents<Context>(
 		}
 	};
 
-	let _span = _span.child("send-to-peers");
 	// Now send dependent statements to all peers needing them, if any.
 	if let Some((candidate_hash, peers_needing_dependents)) = outputs {
 		for peer in peers_needing_dependents {
 			if let Some(peer_data) = peers.get_mut(&peer) {
-				let _span_loop = _span.child("to-peer").with_peer_id(&peer);
 				// defensive: the peer data should always be some because the iterator
 				// of peers is derived from the set of peers.
 				send_statements_about(
@@ -1514,11 +1501,6 @@ async fn handle_incoming_message<'a, Context>(
 
 	let fingerprint = message.get_fingerprint();
 	let candidate_hash = *fingerprint.0.candidate_hash();
-	let handle_incoming_span = active_head
-		.span
-		.child("handle-incoming")
-		.with_candidate(candidate_hash)
-		.with_peer_id(&peer);
 
 	let max_message_count = active_head.validators.len() * 2;
 
@@ -1700,8 +1682,6 @@ async fn handle_incoming_message<'a, Context>(
 		NotedStatement::Fresh(statement) => {
 			modify_reputation(reputation, ctx.sender(), peer, BENEFIT_VALID_STATEMENT_FIRST).await;
 
-			let mut _span = handle_incoming_span.child("notify-backing");
-
 			// When we receive a new message from a peer, we forward it to the
 			// candidate backing subsystem.
 			ctx.send_message(CandidateBackingMessage::Statement(relay_parent, statement_with_pvd))
@@ -2080,7 +2060,6 @@ pub(crate) async fn handle_activated_leaf<Context>(
 	activated: ActivatedLeaf,
 ) -> Result<()> {
 	let relay_parent = activated.hash;
-	let span = PerLeafSpan::new(activated.span, "statement-distribution-legacy");
 	gum::trace!(
 		target: LOG_TARGET,
 		hash = ?relay_parent,
@@ -2096,11 +2075,10 @@ pub(crate) async fn handle_activated_leaf<Context>(
 		.await?;
 	let session_info = &info.session_info;
 
-	state.active_heads.entry(relay_parent).or_insert(ActiveHeadData::new(
-		session_info.validators.clone(),
-		session_index,
-		span,
-	));
+	state
+		.active_heads
+		.entry(relay_parent)
+		.or_insert(ActiveHeadData::new(session_info.validators.clone(), session_index));
 
 	Ok(())
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/requester.rs b/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/requester.rs
index a52c348b86182515d32c3340dcb1509f1014ba47..69bcbac76b70432984f3ca7d424ea8dc818bf682 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/requester.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/requester.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 	},
 	PeerId, UnifiedReputationChange,
 };
-use polkadot_node_subsystem::{Span, Stage};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::TimeoutExt;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	vstaging::CommittedCandidateReceiptV2 as CommittedCandidateReceipt, CandidateHash, Hash,
@@ -84,10 +83,6 @@ pub async fn fetch(
 	mut sender: mpsc::Sender<RequesterMessage>,
 	metrics: Metrics,
 ) {
-	let span = Span::new(candidate_hash, "fetch-large-statement")
-		.with_relay_parent(relay_parent)
-		.with_stage(Stage::StatementDistribution);
-
 	gum::debug!(
 		target: LOG_TARGET,
 		?candidate_hash,
@@ -104,11 +99,7 @@ pub async fn fetch(
 
 	// We retry endlessly (with sleep periods), and rely on the subsystem to kill us eventually.
 	loop {
-		let span = span.child("try-available-peers");
-
 		while let Some(peer) = new_peers.pop() {
-			let _span = span.child("try-peer").with_peer_id(&peer);
-
 			let (outgoing, pending_response) =
 				OutgoingRequest::new(Recipient::Peer(peer), req.clone());
 			if let Err(err) = sender
@@ -184,7 +175,7 @@ pub async fn fetch(
 		new_peers = std::mem::take(&mut tried_peers);
 
 		// All our peers failed us - try getting new ones before trying again:
-		match try_get_new_peers(relay_parent, candidate_hash, &mut sender, &span).await {
+		match try_get_new_peers(relay_parent, candidate_hash, &mut sender).await {
 			Ok(Some(mut peers)) => {
 				gum::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?peers, "Received new peers.");
 				// New arrivals will be tried first:
@@ -207,10 +198,7 @@ async fn try_get_new_peers(
 	relay_parent: Hash,
 	candidate_hash: CandidateHash,
 	sender: &mut mpsc::Sender<RequesterMessage>,
-	span: &Span,
 ) -> Result<Option<Vec<PeerId>>, ()> {
-	let _span = span.child("wait-for-peers");
-
 	let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
 
 	if let Err(err) = sender
diff --git a/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/tests.rs
index 1e7c7d0e8c07729b778fa0c7fad693fae7e537a3..d2fd016ec2f1ef6408590d8cf4b3368442d03499 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/network/statement-distribution/src/legacy_v1/tests.rs
@@ -122,7 +122,6 @@ fn active_head_accepts_only_2_seconded_per_validator() {
 	let mut head_data = ActiveHeadData::new(
 		IndexedVec::<ValidatorIndex, ValidatorId>::from(validators),
 		session_index,
-		PerLeafSpan::new(Arc::new(jaeger::Span::Disabled), "test"),
 	);
 
 	let keystore: KeystorePtr = Arc::new(LocalKeystore::in_memory());
@@ -468,7 +467,6 @@ fn peer_view_update_sends_messages() {
 		let mut data = ActiveHeadData::new(
 			IndexedVec::<ValidatorIndex, ValidatorId>::from(validators),
 			session_index,
-			PerLeafSpan::new(Arc::new(jaeger::Span::Disabled), "test"),
 		);
 
 		let statement = SignedFullStatement::sign(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/overseer/examples/minimal-example.rs b/polkadot/node/overseer/examples/minimal-example.rs
index b00b98d8db684aca50a0e2d1c380a4a7a7498c21..79c94cb8c59857880ec4e076ac2aa1c933c81555 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/overseer/examples/minimal-example.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/overseer/examples/minimal-example.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use orchestra::async_trait;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
 use polkadot_node_primitives::{BlockData, PoV};
-use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::messages::CandidateValidationMessage;
+use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::messages::{CandidateValidationMessage, PvfExecKind};
 use polkadot_overseer::{
 	self as overseer,
 	dummy::dummy_overseer_builder,
@@ -32,7 +32,9 @@ use polkadot_overseer::{
 	HeadSupportsParachains, SubsystemError,
 };
 use polkadot_primitives::{vstaging::CandidateReceiptV2 as CandidateReceipt, Hash, PvfExecKind};
-use polkadot_primitives_test_helpers::{dummy_candidate_descriptor, dummy_hash};
+use polkadot_primitives_test_helpers::{
+	dummy_candidate_descriptor, dummy_hash, dummy_validation_code,
+};
 
 struct AlwaysSupportsParachains;
 
@@ -73,7 +75,9 @@ impl Subsystem1 {
 				commitments_hash: Hash::zero(),
 			};
 
-			let msg = CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
+			let msg = CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive {
+				validation_data: PersistedValidationData { ..Default::default() },
+				validation_code: dummy_validation_code(),
 				candidate_receipt,
 				pov: PoV { block_data: BlockData(Vec::new()) }.into(),
 				executor_params: Default::default(),
diff --git a/polkadot/node/overseer/src/dummy.rs b/polkadot/node/overseer/src/dummy.rs
index fc5f0070773b74e671d6510b380bd27b861ef84c..d618c0c7ca95355ab20dae0649ebad1c70d80b72 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/overseer/src/dummy.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/overseer/src/dummy.rs
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ pub fn dummy_overseer_builder<Spawner, SupportsParachains>(
 		DummySubsystem,
 		DummySubsystem,
 		DummySubsystem,
+		DummySubsystem,
 	>,
 	SubsystemError,
 >
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@ pub fn one_for_all_overseer_builder<Spawner, SupportsParachains, Sub>(
 		Sub,
 		Sub,
 		Sub,
+		Sub,
 	>,
 	SubsystemError,
 >
@@ -155,6 +157,7 @@ where
 		+ Subsystem<OverseerSubsystemContext<StatementDistributionMessage>, SubsystemError>
 		+ Subsystem<OverseerSubsystemContext<ApprovalDistributionMessage>, SubsystemError>
 		+ Subsystem<OverseerSubsystemContext<ApprovalVotingMessage>, SubsystemError>
+		+ Subsystem<OverseerSubsystemContext<ApprovalVotingParallelMessage>, SubsystemError>
 		+ Subsystem<OverseerSubsystemContext<GossipSupportMessage>, SubsystemError>
 		+ Subsystem<OverseerSubsystemContext<DisputeCoordinatorMessage>, SubsystemError>
 		+ Subsystem<OverseerSubsystemContext<DisputeDistributionMessage>, SubsystemError>
@@ -183,13 +186,13 @@ where
 		.statement_distribution(subsystem.clone())
 		.approval_distribution(subsystem.clone())
 		.approval_voting(subsystem.clone())
+		.approval_voting_parallel(subsystem.clone())
 		.gossip_support(subsystem.clone())
 		.dispute_coordinator(subsystem.clone())
 		.dispute_distribution(subsystem.clone())
 		.chain_selection(subsystem.clone())
 		.prospective_parachains(subsystem.clone())
 		.activation_external_listeners(Default::default())
-		.span_per_active_leaf(Default::default())
 		.active_leaves(Default::default())
 		.spawner(SpawnGlue(spawner))
 		.metrics(metrics)
diff --git a/polkadot/node/overseer/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/overseer/src/lib.rs
index 23adf4f4d8a470ee67e6435c0b639f78202edc9c..87ef63d8a5d70ae8b053a2c8ff2e98bb377fd826 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/overseer/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/overseer/src/lib.rs
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@
 // unused dependencies can not work for test and examples at the same time
 // yielding false positives
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
+#![allow(dead_code)] // TODO https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/5793
 
 use std::{
 	collections::{hash_map, HashMap},
@@ -76,19 +77,19 @@ use sc_client_api::{BlockImportNotification, BlockchainEvents, FinalityNotificat
 
 use self::messages::{BitfieldSigningMessage, PvfCheckerMessage};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::messages::{
-	ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingMessage, AvailabilityDistributionMessage,
-	AvailabilityRecoveryMessage, AvailabilityStoreMessage, BitfieldDistributionMessage,
-	CandidateBackingMessage, CandidateValidationMessage, ChainApiMessage, ChainSelectionMessage,
-	CollationGenerationMessage, CollatorProtocolMessage, DisputeCoordinatorMessage,
-	DisputeDistributionMessage, GossipSupportMessage, NetworkBridgeRxMessage,
-	NetworkBridgeTxMessage, ProspectiveParachainsMessage, ProvisionerMessage, RuntimeApiMessage,
-	StatementDistributionMessage,
+	ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingMessage, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage,
+	AvailabilityDistributionMessage, AvailabilityRecoveryMessage, AvailabilityStoreMessage,
+	BitfieldDistributionMessage, CandidateBackingMessage, CandidateValidationMessage,
+	ChainApiMessage, ChainSelectionMessage, CollationGenerationMessage, CollatorProtocolMessage,
+	DisputeCoordinatorMessage, DisputeDistributionMessage, GossipSupportMessage,
+	NetworkBridgeRxMessage, NetworkBridgeTxMessage, ProspectiveParachainsMessage,
+	ProvisionerMessage, RuntimeApiMessage, StatementDistributionMessage,
 };
 
 pub use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::{
 	errors::{SubsystemError, SubsystemResult},
-	jaeger, ActivatedLeaf, ActiveLeavesUpdate, ChainApiBackend, OverseerSignal,
-	RuntimeApiSubsystemClient, UnpinHandle,
+	ActivatedLeaf, ActiveLeavesUpdate, ChainApiBackend, OverseerSignal, RuntimeApiSubsystemClient,
+	UnpinHandle,
 };
 
 pub mod metrics;
@@ -550,6 +551,7 @@ pub struct Overseer<SupportsParachains> {
 		BitfieldDistributionMessage,
 		StatementDistributionMessage,
 		ApprovalDistributionMessage,
+		ApprovalVotingParallelMessage,
 		GossipSupportMessage,
 		DisputeDistributionMessage,
 		CollationGenerationMessage,
@@ -595,7 +597,19 @@ pub struct Overseer<SupportsParachains> {
 		RuntimeApiMessage,
 	])]
 	approval_voting: ApprovalVoting,
-
+	#[subsystem(blocking, message_capacity: 64000, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage, sends: [
+		AvailabilityRecoveryMessage,
+		CandidateValidationMessage,
+		ChainApiMessage,
+		ChainSelectionMessage,
+		DisputeCoordinatorMessage,
+		RuntimeApiMessage,
+		NetworkBridgeTxMessage,
+		ApprovalVotingMessage,
+		ApprovalDistributionMessage,
+		ApprovalVotingParallelMessage,
+	])]
+	approval_voting_parallel: ApprovalVotingParallel,
 	#[subsystem(GossipSupportMessage, sends: [
 		NetworkBridgeTxMessage,
 		NetworkBridgeRxMessage, // TODO <https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot/issues/5626>
@@ -613,6 +627,7 @@ pub struct Overseer<SupportsParachains> {
 		AvailabilityStoreMessage,
 		AvailabilityRecoveryMessage,
 		ChainSelectionMessage,
+		ApprovalVotingParallelMessage,
 	])]
 	dispute_coordinator: DisputeCoordinator,
 
@@ -635,9 +650,6 @@ pub struct Overseer<SupportsParachains> {
 	/// External listeners waiting for a hash to be in the active-leave set.
 	pub activation_external_listeners: HashMap<Hash, Vec<oneshot::Sender<SubsystemResult<()>>>>,
 
-	/// Stores the [`jaeger::Span`] per active leaf.
-	pub span_per_active_leaf: HashMap<Hash, Arc<jaeger::Span>>,
-
 	/// The set of the "active leaves".
 	pub active_leaves: HashMap<Hash, BlockNumber>,
 
@@ -802,11 +814,10 @@ where
 		};
 
 		let mut update = match self.on_head_activated(&block.hash, Some(block.parent_hash)).await {
-			Some(span) => ActiveLeavesUpdate::start_work(ActivatedLeaf {
+			Some(_) => ActiveLeavesUpdate::start_work(ActivatedLeaf {
 				hash: block.hash,
 				number: block.number,
 				unpin_handle: block.unpin_handle,
-				span,
 			}),
 			None => ActiveLeavesUpdate::default(),
 		};
@@ -859,11 +870,7 @@ where
 
 	/// Handles a header activation. If the header's state doesn't support the parachains API,
 	/// this returns `None`.
-	async fn on_head_activated(
-		&mut self,
-		hash: &Hash,
-		parent_hash: Option<Hash>,
-	) -> Option<Arc<jaeger::Span>> {
+	async fn on_head_activated(&mut self, hash: &Hash, _parent_hash: Option<Hash>) -> Option<()> {
 		if !self.supports_parachains.head_supports_parachains(hash).await {
 			return None
 		}
@@ -881,22 +888,12 @@ where
 			}
 		}
 
-		let mut span = jaeger::Span::new(*hash, "leaf-activated");
-
-		if let Some(parent_span) = parent_hash.and_then(|h| self.span_per_active_leaf.get(&h)) {
-			span.add_follows_from(parent_span);
-		}
-
-		let span = Arc::new(span);
-		self.span_per_active_leaf.insert(*hash, span.clone());
-
-		Some(span)
+		Some(())
 	}
 
 	fn on_head_deactivated(&mut self, hash: &Hash) {
 		self.metrics.on_head_deactivated();
 		self.activation_external_listeners.remove(hash);
-		self.span_per_active_leaf.remove(hash);
 	}
 
 	fn clean_up_external_listeners(&mut self) {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/overseer/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/overseer/src/tests.rs
index 9aaee2e71f134ce0d5c039777a74ec266ff7e45b..c3c47335cd3e2d3b0d07506b4f5ffe334baf7bff 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/overseer/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/overseer/src/tests.rs
@@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ use polkadot_node_primitives::{
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::mock::{dummy_unpin_handle, new_leaf};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::messages::{
-	NetworkBridgeEvent, ReportPeerMessage, RuntimeApiRequest,
+	NetworkBridgeEvent, PvfExecKind, ReportPeerMessage, RuntimeApiRequest,
 };
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	vstaging::CandidateReceiptV2, CandidateHash, CollatorPair, Id as ParaId,
-	InvalidDisputeStatementKind, PvfExecKind, SessionIndex, ValidDisputeStatementKind,
+	InvalidDisputeStatementKind, PersistedValidationData, SessionIndex, ValidDisputeStatementKind,
 	ValidatorIndex,
 };
 use polkadot_primitives_test_helpers::{
-	dummy_candidate_descriptor, dummy_candidate_receipt_v2, dummy_hash,
+	dummy_candidate_descriptor, dummy_candidate_receipt_v2, dummy_hash, dummy_validation_code,
 };
 
 use crate::{
@@ -105,7 +105,9 @@ where
 						};
 
 						let (tx, _) = oneshot::channel();
-						ctx.send_message(CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
+						ctx.send_message(CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive {
+							validation_data: PersistedValidationData { ..Default::default() },
+							validation_code: dummy_validation_code(),
 							candidate_receipt,
 							pov: PoV { block_data: BlockData(Vec::new()) }.into(),
 							executor_params: Default::default(),
@@ -803,7 +805,9 @@ fn test_candidate_validation_msg() -> CandidateValidationMessage {
 		commitments_hash: Hash::zero(),
 	};
 
-	CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState {
+	CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromExhaustive {
+		validation_data: PersistedValidationData { ..Default::default() },
+		validation_code: dummy_validation_code(),
 		candidate_receipt,
 		pov,
 		executor_params: Default::default(),
@@ -951,7 +955,7 @@ fn test_prospective_parachains_msg() -> ProspectiveParachainsMessage {
 // Checks that `stop`, `broadcast_signal` and `broadcast_message` are implemented correctly.
 #[test]
 fn overseer_all_subsystems_receive_signals_and_messages() {
-	const NUM_SUBSYSTEMS: usize = 23;
+	const NUM_SUBSYSTEMS: usize = 24;
 	// -4 for BitfieldSigning, GossipSupport, AvailabilityDistribution and PvfCheckerSubsystem.
 	const NUM_SUBSYSTEMS_MESSAGED: usize = NUM_SUBSYSTEMS - 4;
 
@@ -1029,6 +1033,11 @@ fn overseer_all_subsystems_receive_signals_and_messages() {
 		handle
 			.send_msg_anon(AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(test_approval_distribution_msg()))
 			.await;
+		handle
+			.send_msg_anon(AllMessages::ApprovalVotingParallel(
+				test_approval_distribution_msg().into(),
+			))
+			.await;
 		handle
 			.send_msg_anon(AllMessages::ApprovalVoting(test_approval_voting_msg()))
 			.await;
@@ -1102,6 +1111,7 @@ fn context_holds_onto_message_until_enough_signals_received() {
 	let (chain_selection_bounded_tx, _) = metered::channel(CHANNEL_CAPACITY);
 	let (pvf_checker_bounded_tx, _) = metered::channel(CHANNEL_CAPACITY);
 	let (prospective_parachains_bounded_tx, _) = metered::channel(CHANNEL_CAPACITY);
+	let (approval_voting_parallel_tx, _) = metered::channel(CHANNEL_CAPACITY);
 
 	let (candidate_validation_unbounded_tx, _) = metered::unbounded();
 	let (candidate_backing_unbounded_tx, _) = metered::unbounded();
@@ -1126,6 +1136,7 @@ fn context_holds_onto_message_until_enough_signals_received() {
 	let (chain_selection_unbounded_tx, _) = metered::unbounded();
 	let (pvf_checker_unbounded_tx, _) = metered::unbounded();
 	let (prospective_parachains_unbounded_tx, _) = metered::unbounded();
+	let (approval_voting_parallel_unbounded_tx, _) = metered::unbounded();
 
 	let channels_out = ChannelsOut {
 		candidate_validation: candidate_validation_bounded_tx.clone(),
@@ -1151,6 +1162,7 @@ fn context_holds_onto_message_until_enough_signals_received() {
 		chain_selection: chain_selection_bounded_tx.clone(),
 		pvf_checker: pvf_checker_bounded_tx.clone(),
 		prospective_parachains: prospective_parachains_bounded_tx.clone(),
+		approval_voting_parallel: approval_voting_parallel_tx.clone(),
 
 		candidate_validation_unbounded: candidate_validation_unbounded_tx.clone(),
 		candidate_backing_unbounded: candidate_backing_unbounded_tx.clone(),
@@ -1175,6 +1187,7 @@ fn context_holds_onto_message_until_enough_signals_received() {
 		chain_selection_unbounded: chain_selection_unbounded_tx.clone(),
 		pvf_checker_unbounded: pvf_checker_unbounded_tx.clone(),
 		prospective_parachains_unbounded: prospective_parachains_unbounded_tx.clone(),
+		approval_voting_parallel_unbounded: approval_voting_parallel_unbounded_tx.clone(),
 	};
 
 	let (mut signal_tx, signal_rx) = metered::channel(CHANNEL_CAPACITY);
diff --git a/polkadot/node/primitives/src/approval/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/primitives/src/approval/mod.rs
index 79f4cfa9e0be41fb70d44878d8e3c829a48cfe55..42342f9889a935d23515815a16b3a1175fbc15d2 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/primitives/src/approval/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/primitives/src/approval/mod.rs
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ pub mod v1 {
 	}
 
 	/// Metadata about a block which is now live in the approval protocol.
-	#[derive(Debug)]
+	#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 	pub struct BlockApprovalMeta {
 		/// The hash of the block.
 		pub hash: Hash,
diff --git a/polkadot/node/primitives/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/primitives/src/lib.rs
index bce1550b96f6d1bfdba5106039ca936dc88a2513..6bd8b46a93c0fc1f5d625dc31e66bf252255d03d 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/primitives/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/primitives/src/lib.rs
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pub use disputes::{
 /// relatively rare.
 ///
 /// The associated worker binaries should use the same version as the node that spawns them.
-pub const NODE_VERSION: &'static str = "1.15.1";
+pub const NODE_VERSION: &'static str = "1.16.0";
 
 // For a 16-ary Merkle Prefix Trie, we can expect at most 16 32-byte hashes per node
 // plus some overhead:
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ pub const MAX_FINALITY_LAG: u32 = 500;
 /// Type of a session window size.
 ///
 /// We are not using `NonZeroU32` here because `expect` and `unwrap` are not yet const, so global
-/// constants of `SessionWindowSize` would require `lazy_static` in that case.
+/// constants of `SessionWindowSize` would require `LazyLock` in that case.
 ///
 /// See: <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/67441>
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd)]
diff --git a/polkadot/node/service/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/service/Cargo.toml
index 89f8212bf9d8142c11c0f9963c1b5d311b8adb63..8d50b54b2fdc88bae6d3f132f46b74f4ce4f0efd 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/service/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/service/Cargo.toml
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ polkadot-gossip-support = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features
 polkadot-network-bridge = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-collation-generation = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-core-approval-voting = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-core-av-store = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-core-backing = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -160,6 +161,7 @@ full-node = [
 	"polkadot-network-bridge",
 	"polkadot-node-collation-generation",
 	"polkadot-node-core-approval-voting",
+	"polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel",
 	"polkadot-node-core-av-store",
 	"polkadot-node-core-backing",
 	"polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing",
diff --git a/polkadot/node/service/src/chain_spec.rs b/polkadot/node/service/src/chain_spec.rs
index fe360e7b8c769204972af5fceb2b0c788dc29d08..3866c6950e09161598112ff9b79dac40ee17b720 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/service/src/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/service/src/chain_spec.rs
@@ -27,10 +27,6 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 #[cfg(feature = "westend-native")]
 use westend_runtime as westend;
 
-use polkadot_primitives::{AccountId, AccountPublic};
-use sp_core::{Pair, Public};
-use sp_runtime::traits::IdentifyAccount;
-
 #[cfg(feature = "westend-native")]
 const WESTEND_STAGING_TELEMETRY_URL: &str = "wss://telemetry.polkadot.io/submit/";
 #[cfg(feature = "rococo-native")]
@@ -257,18 +253,3 @@ pub fn versi_local_testnet_config() -> Result<RococoChainSpec, String> {
 	.with_protocol_id("versi")
 	.build())
 }
-
-/// Helper function to generate a crypto pair from seed
-pub fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
-/// Helper function to generate an account ID from seed
-pub fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/service/src/fake_runtime_api.rs b/polkadot/node/service/src/fake_runtime_api.rs
index 1f2efdbbb5b38937611299907a1da712a480c30c..d8f147a9cf7b51571a48336108b054ef45639f57 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/service/src/fake_runtime_api.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/service/src/fake_runtime_api.rs
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ sp_api::decl_runtime_apis! {
 	}
 }
 
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 struct Runtime;
 
 sp_api::impl_runtime_apis! {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/service/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/service/src/lib.rs
index 79424356880448dc52f0ecd131679c60bb2442df..da3ab760ed223f6c826cfb50c8e39c095aaab30e 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/service/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/service/src/lib.rs
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ use {
 	sc_client_api::BlockBackend,
 	sc_consensus_grandpa::{self, FinalityProofProvider as GrandpaFinalityProofProvider},
 	sc_transaction_pool_api::OffchainTransactionPoolFactory,
-	sp_core::traits::SpawnNamed,
 };
 
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::database::Database;
@@ -76,9 +75,6 @@ pub use {
 	sp_consensus_babe::BabeApi,
 };
 
-#[cfg(feature = "full-node")]
-use polkadot_node_subsystem::jaeger;
-
 use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 
 use prometheus_endpoint::Registry;
@@ -222,9 +218,6 @@ pub enum Error {
 	#[error(transparent)]
 	Telemetry(#[from] sc_telemetry::Error),
 
-	#[error(transparent)]
-	Jaeger(#[from] polkadot_node_subsystem::jaeger::JaegerError),
-
 	#[cfg(feature = "full-node")]
 	#[error(transparent)]
 	Availability(#[from] AvailabilityError),
@@ -365,25 +358,6 @@ pub fn open_database(db_source: &DatabaseSource) -> Result<Arc<dyn Database>, Er
 	Ok(parachains_db)
 }
 
-/// Initialize the `Jeager` collector. The destination must listen
-/// on the given address and port for `UDP` packets.
-#[cfg(any(test, feature = "full-node"))]
-fn jaeger_launch_collector_with_agent(
-	spawner: impl SpawnNamed,
-	config: &Configuration,
-	agent: Option<std::net::SocketAddr>,
-) -> Result<(), Error> {
-	if let Some(agent) = agent {
-		let cfg = jaeger::JaegerConfig::builder()
-			.agent(agent)
-			.named(&config.network.node_name)
-			.build();
-
-		jaeger::Jaeger::new(cfg).launch(spawner)?;
-	}
-	Ok(())
-}
-
 #[cfg(feature = "full-node")]
 type FullSelectChain = relay_chain_selection::SelectRelayChain<FullBackend>;
 #[cfg(feature = "full-node")]
@@ -411,7 +385,6 @@ struct Basics {
 #[cfg(feature = "full-node")]
 fn new_partial_basics(
 	config: &mut Configuration,
-	jaeger_agent: Option<std::net::SocketAddr>,
 	telemetry_worker_handle: Option<TelemetryWorkerHandle>,
 ) -> Result<Basics, Error> {
 	let telemetry = config
@@ -463,8 +436,6 @@ fn new_partial_basics(
 		telemetry
 	});
 
-	jaeger_launch_collector_with_agent(task_manager.spawn_handle(), &*config, jaeger_agent)?;
-
 	Ok(Basics { task_manager, client, backend, keystore_container, telemetry })
 }
 
@@ -479,7 +450,7 @@ fn new_partial<ChainSelection>(
 		FullBackend,
 		ChainSelection,
 		sc_consensus::DefaultImportQueue<Block>,
-		sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, FullClient>,
+		sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, FullClient>,
 		(
 			impl Fn(
 				polkadot_rpc::SubscriptionTaskExecutor,
@@ -507,12 +478,15 @@ fn new_partial<ChainSelection>(
 where
 	ChainSelection: 'static + SelectChain<Block>,
 {
-	let transaction_pool = sc_transaction_pool::BasicPool::new_full(
-		config.transaction_pool.clone(),
-		config.role.is_authority().into(),
-		config.prometheus_registry(),
-		task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
-		client.clone(),
+	let transaction_pool = Arc::from(
+		sc_transaction_pool::Builder::new(
+			task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
+			client.clone(),
+			config.role.is_authority().into(),
+		)
+		.with_options(config.transaction_pool.clone())
+		.with_prometheus(config.prometheus_registry())
+		.build(),
 	);
 
 	let grandpa_hard_forks = if config.chain_spec.is_kusama() {
@@ -637,7 +611,6 @@ pub struct NewFullParams<OverseerGenerator: OverseerGen> {
 	/// Whether to enable the block authoring backoff on production networks
 	/// where it isn't enabled by default.
 	pub force_authoring_backoff: bool,
-	pub jaeger_agent: Option<std::net::SocketAddr>,
 	pub telemetry_worker_handle: Option<TelemetryWorkerHandle>,
 	/// The version of the node. TESTING ONLY: `None` can be passed to skip the node/worker version
 	/// check, both on startup and in the workers.
@@ -660,6 +633,8 @@ pub struct NewFullParams<OverseerGenerator: OverseerGen> {
 	#[allow(dead_code)]
 	pub malus_finality_delay: Option<u32>,
 	pub hwbench: Option<sc_sysinfo::HwBench>,
+	/// Enable approval voting processing in parallel.
+	pub enable_approval_voting_parallel: bool,
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "full-node")]
@@ -740,7 +715,6 @@ pub fn new_full<
 		is_parachain_node,
 		enable_beefy,
 		force_authoring_backoff,
-		jaeger_agent,
 		telemetry_worker_handle,
 		node_version,
 		secure_validator_mode,
@@ -753,6 +727,7 @@ pub fn new_full<
 		execute_workers_max_num,
 		prepare_workers_soft_max_num,
 		prepare_workers_hard_max_num,
+		enable_approval_voting_parallel,
 	}: NewFullParams<OverseerGenerator>,
 ) -> Result<NewFull, Error> {
 	use polkadot_availability_recovery::FETCH_CHUNKS_THRESHOLD;
@@ -784,10 +759,18 @@ pub fn new_full<
 		Some(backoff)
 	};
 
+	// Running approval voting in parallel is enabled by default on all networks except Polkadot and
+	// Kusama, unless explicitly enabled by the commandline option.
+	// This is meant to be temporary until we have enough confidence in the new system to enable it
+	// by default on all networks.
+	let enable_approval_voting_parallel = (!config.chain_spec.is_kusama() &&
+		!config.chain_spec.is_polkadot()) ||
+		enable_approval_voting_parallel;
+
 	let disable_grandpa = config.disable_grandpa;
 	let name = config.network.node_name.clone();
 
-	let basics = new_partial_basics(&mut config, jaeger_agent, telemetry_worker_handle)?;
+	let basics = new_partial_basics(&mut config, telemetry_worker_handle)?;
 
 	let prometheus_registry = config.prometheus_registry().cloned();
 
@@ -806,6 +789,7 @@ pub fn new_full<
 			overseer_handle.clone(),
 			metrics,
 			Some(basics.task_manager.spawn_handle()),
+			enable_approval_voting_parallel,
 		)
 	} else {
 		SelectRelayChain::new_longest_chain(basics.backend.clone())
@@ -1016,6 +1000,7 @@ pub fn new_full<
 			dispute_coordinator_config,
 			chain_selection_config,
 			fetch_chunks_threshold,
+			enable_approval_voting_parallel,
 		})
 	};
 
@@ -1424,11 +1409,10 @@ pub fn new_full<
 
 #[cfg(feature = "full-node")]
 macro_rules! chain_ops {
-	($config:expr, $jaeger_agent:expr, $telemetry_worker_handle:expr) => {{
+	($config:expr, $telemetry_worker_handle:expr) => {{
 		let telemetry_worker_handle = $telemetry_worker_handle;
-		let jaeger_agent = $jaeger_agent;
 		let mut config = $config;
-		let basics = new_partial_basics(config, jaeger_agent, telemetry_worker_handle)?;
+		let basics = new_partial_basics(config, telemetry_worker_handle)?;
 
 		use ::sc_consensus::LongestChain;
 		// use the longest chain selection, since there is no overseer available
@@ -1444,19 +1428,18 @@ macro_rules! chain_ops {
 #[cfg(feature = "full-node")]
 pub fn new_chain_ops(
 	config: &mut Configuration,
-	jaeger_agent: Option<std::net::SocketAddr>,
 ) -> Result<(Arc<FullClient>, Arc<FullBackend>, sc_consensus::BasicQueue<Block>, TaskManager), Error>
 {
 	config.keystore = sc_service::config::KeystoreConfig::InMemory;
 
 	if config.chain_spec.is_rococo() || config.chain_spec.is_versi() {
-		chain_ops!(config, jaeger_agent, None)
+		chain_ops!(config, None)
 	} else if config.chain_spec.is_kusama() {
-		chain_ops!(config, jaeger_agent, None)
+		chain_ops!(config, None)
 	} else if config.chain_spec.is_westend() {
-		return chain_ops!(config, jaeger_agent, None)
+		return chain_ops!(config, None)
 	} else {
-		chain_ops!(config, jaeger_agent, None)
+		chain_ops!(config, None)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/service/src/overseer.rs b/polkadot/node/service/src/overseer.rs
index 3c071e34fe11d03e654bbc46c6c47517ccf03b1a..279b6ff80704dc52c00b440b096ea87d18ea4235 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/service/src/overseer.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/service/src/overseer.rs
@@ -58,6 +58,9 @@ pub use polkadot_network_bridge::{
 };
 pub use polkadot_node_collation_generation::CollationGenerationSubsystem;
 pub use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::ApprovalVotingSubsystem;
+pub use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting_parallel::{
+	ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem, Metrics as ApprovalVotingParallelMetrics,
+};
 pub use polkadot_node_core_av_store::AvailabilityStoreSubsystem;
 pub use polkadot_node_core_backing::CandidateBackingSubsystem;
 pub use polkadot_node_core_bitfield_signing::BitfieldSigningSubsystem;
@@ -139,9 +142,16 @@ pub struct ExtendedOverseerGenArgs {
 	/// than the value put in here we always try to recovery availability from backers.
 	/// The presence of this parameter here is needed to have different values per chain.
 	pub fetch_chunks_threshold: Option<usize>,
+	/// Enable approval-voting-parallel subsystem and disable the standalone approval-voting and
+	/// approval-distribution subsystems.
+	pub enable_approval_voting_parallel: bool,
 }
 
 /// Obtain a prepared validator `Overseer`, that is initialized with all default values.
+///
+/// The difference between this function and `validator_with_parallel_overseer_builder` is that this
+/// function enables the standalone approval-voting and approval-distribution subsystems
+/// and disables the approval-voting-parallel subsystem.
 pub fn validator_overseer_builder<Spawner, RuntimeClient>(
 	OverseerGenArgs {
 		runtime_client,
@@ -174,6 +184,7 @@ pub fn validator_overseer_builder<Spawner, RuntimeClient>(
 		dispute_coordinator_config,
 		chain_selection_config,
 		fetch_chunks_threshold,
+		enable_approval_voting_parallel,
 	}: ExtendedOverseerGenArgs,
 ) -> Result<
 	InitializedOverseerBuilder<
@@ -203,6 +214,7 @@ pub fn validator_overseer_builder<Spawner, RuntimeClient>(
 		CollatorProtocolSubsystem,
 		ApprovalDistributionSubsystem,
 		ApprovalVotingSubsystem,
+		DummySubsystem,
 		GossipSupportSubsystem<AuthorityDiscoveryService>,
 		DisputeCoordinatorSubsystem,
 		DisputeDistributionSubsystem<AuthorityDiscoveryService>,
@@ -223,7 +235,8 @@ where
 	let spawner = SpawnGlue(spawner);
 
 	let network_bridge_metrics: NetworkBridgeMetrics = Metrics::register(registry)?;
-
+	let approval_voting_parallel_metrics: ApprovalVotingParallelMetrics =
+		Metrics::register(registry)?;
 	let builder = Overseer::builder()
 		.network_bridge_tx(NetworkBridgeTxSubsystem::new(
 			network_service.clone(),
@@ -241,6 +254,7 @@ where
 			peerset_protocol_names,
 			notification_services,
 			notification_sinks,
+			enable_approval_voting_parallel,
 		))
 		.availability_distribution(AvailabilityDistributionSubsystem::new(
 			keystore.clone(),
@@ -310,18 +324,240 @@ where
 			rand::rngs::StdRng::from_entropy(),
 		))
 		.approval_distribution(ApprovalDistributionSubsystem::new(
-			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+			approval_voting_parallel_metrics.approval_distribution_metrics(),
 			approval_voting_config.slot_duration_millis,
 			Arc::new(RealAssignmentCriteria {}),
 		))
 		.approval_voting(ApprovalVotingSubsystem::with_config(
-			approval_voting_config,
+			approval_voting_config.clone(),
 			parachains_db.clone(),
 			keystore.clone(),
 			Box::new(sync_service.clone()),
-			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+			approval_voting_parallel_metrics.approval_voting_metrics(),
 			Arc::new(spawner.clone()),
 		))
+		.approval_voting_parallel(DummySubsystem)
+		.gossip_support(GossipSupportSubsystem::new(
+			keystore.clone(),
+			authority_discovery_service.clone(),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+		))
+		.dispute_coordinator(DisputeCoordinatorSubsystem::new(
+			parachains_db.clone(),
+			dispute_coordinator_config,
+			keystore.clone(),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+			enable_approval_voting_parallel,
+		))
+		.dispute_distribution(DisputeDistributionSubsystem::new(
+			keystore.clone(),
+			dispute_req_receiver,
+			authority_discovery_service.clone(),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+		))
+		.chain_selection(ChainSelectionSubsystem::new(chain_selection_config, parachains_db))
+		.prospective_parachains(ProspectiveParachainsSubsystem::new(Metrics::register(registry)?))
+		.activation_external_listeners(Default::default())
+		.active_leaves(Default::default())
+		.supports_parachains(runtime_client)
+		.metrics(metrics)
+		.spawner(spawner);
+
+	let builder = if let Some(capacity) = overseer_message_channel_capacity_override {
+		builder.message_channel_capacity(capacity)
+	} else {
+		builder
+	};
+	Ok(builder)
+}
+
+/// Obtain a prepared validator `Overseer`, that is initialized with all default values.
+///
+/// The difference between this function and `validator_overseer_builder` is that this
+/// function enables the approval-voting-parallel subsystem and disables the standalone
+/// approval-voting and approval-distribution subsystems.
+pub fn validator_with_parallel_overseer_builder<Spawner, RuntimeClient>(
+	OverseerGenArgs {
+		runtime_client,
+		network_service,
+		sync_service,
+		authority_discovery_service,
+		collation_req_v1_receiver: _,
+		collation_req_v2_receiver: _,
+		available_data_req_receiver,
+		registry,
+		spawner,
+		is_parachain_node,
+		overseer_message_channel_capacity_override,
+		req_protocol_names,
+		peerset_protocol_names,
+		notification_services,
+	}: OverseerGenArgs<Spawner, RuntimeClient>,
+	ExtendedOverseerGenArgs {
+		keystore,
+		parachains_db,
+		candidate_validation_config,
+		availability_config,
+		pov_req_receiver,
+		chunk_req_v1_receiver,
+		chunk_req_v2_receiver,
+		statement_req_receiver,
+		candidate_req_v2_receiver,
+		approval_voting_config,
+		dispute_req_receiver,
+		dispute_coordinator_config,
+		chain_selection_config,
+		fetch_chunks_threshold,
+		enable_approval_voting_parallel,
+	}: ExtendedOverseerGenArgs,
+) -> Result<
+	InitializedOverseerBuilder<
+		SpawnGlue<Spawner>,
+		Arc<RuntimeClient>,
+		CandidateValidationSubsystem,
+		PvfCheckerSubsystem,
+		CandidateBackingSubsystem,
+		StatementDistributionSubsystem<rand::rngs::StdRng>,
+		AvailabilityDistributionSubsystem,
+		AvailabilityRecoverySubsystem,
+		BitfieldSigningSubsystem,
+		BitfieldDistributionSubsystem,
+		ProvisionerSubsystem,
+		RuntimeApiSubsystem<RuntimeClient>,
+		AvailabilityStoreSubsystem,
+		NetworkBridgeRxSubsystem<
+			Arc<dyn sc_network::service::traits::NetworkService>,
+			AuthorityDiscoveryService,
+		>,
+		NetworkBridgeTxSubsystem<
+			Arc<dyn sc_network::service::traits::NetworkService>,
+			AuthorityDiscoveryService,
+		>,
+		ChainApiSubsystem<RuntimeClient>,
+		CollationGenerationSubsystem,
+		CollatorProtocolSubsystem,
+		DummySubsystem,
+		DummySubsystem,
+		ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem,
+		GossipSupportSubsystem<AuthorityDiscoveryService>,
+		DisputeCoordinatorSubsystem,
+		DisputeDistributionSubsystem<AuthorityDiscoveryService>,
+		ChainSelectionSubsystem,
+		ProspectiveParachainsSubsystem,
+	>,
+	Error,
+>
+where
+	RuntimeClient: RuntimeApiSubsystemClient + ChainApiBackend + AuxStore + 'static,
+	Spawner: 'static + SpawnNamed + Clone + Unpin,
+{
+	use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::metrics::Metrics;
+
+	let metrics = <OverseerMetrics as MetricsTrait>::register(registry)?;
+	let notification_sinks = Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new()));
+
+	let spawner = SpawnGlue(spawner);
+
+	let network_bridge_metrics: NetworkBridgeMetrics = Metrics::register(registry)?;
+	let approval_voting_parallel_metrics: ApprovalVotingParallelMetrics =
+		Metrics::register(registry)?;
+	let builder = Overseer::builder()
+		.network_bridge_tx(NetworkBridgeTxSubsystem::new(
+			network_service.clone(),
+			authority_discovery_service.clone(),
+			network_bridge_metrics.clone(),
+			req_protocol_names.clone(),
+			peerset_protocol_names.clone(),
+			notification_sinks.clone(),
+		))
+		.network_bridge_rx(NetworkBridgeRxSubsystem::new(
+			network_service.clone(),
+			authority_discovery_service.clone(),
+			Box::new(sync_service.clone()),
+			network_bridge_metrics,
+			peerset_protocol_names,
+			notification_services,
+			notification_sinks,
+			enable_approval_voting_parallel,
+		))
+		.availability_distribution(AvailabilityDistributionSubsystem::new(
+			keystore.clone(),
+			IncomingRequestReceivers {
+				pov_req_receiver,
+				chunk_req_v1_receiver,
+				chunk_req_v2_receiver,
+			},
+			req_protocol_names.clone(),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+		))
+		.availability_recovery(AvailabilityRecoverySubsystem::for_validator(
+			fetch_chunks_threshold,
+			available_data_req_receiver,
+			&req_protocol_names,
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+		))
+		.availability_store(AvailabilityStoreSubsystem::new(
+			parachains_db.clone(),
+			availability_config,
+			Box::new(sync_service.clone()),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+		))
+		.bitfield_distribution(BitfieldDistributionSubsystem::new(Metrics::register(registry)?))
+		.bitfield_signing(BitfieldSigningSubsystem::new(
+			keystore.clone(),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+		))
+		.candidate_backing(CandidateBackingSubsystem::new(
+			keystore.clone(),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+		))
+		.candidate_validation(CandidateValidationSubsystem::with_config(
+			candidate_validation_config,
+			keystore.clone(),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?, // candidate-validation metrics
+			Metrics::register(registry)?, // validation host metrics
+		))
+		.pvf_checker(PvfCheckerSubsystem::new(keystore.clone(), Metrics::register(registry)?))
+		.chain_api(ChainApiSubsystem::new(runtime_client.clone(), Metrics::register(registry)?))
+		.collation_generation(CollationGenerationSubsystem::new(Metrics::register(registry)?))
+		.collator_protocol({
+			let side = match is_parachain_node {
+				IsParachainNode::Collator(_) | IsParachainNode::FullNode =>
+					return Err(Error::Overseer(SubsystemError::Context(
+						"build validator overseer for parachain node".to_owned(),
+					))),
+				IsParachainNode::No => ProtocolSide::Validator {
+					keystore: keystore.clone(),
+					eviction_policy: Default::default(),
+					metrics: Metrics::register(registry)?,
+				},
+			};
+			CollatorProtocolSubsystem::new(side)
+		})
+		.provisioner(ProvisionerSubsystem::new(Metrics::register(registry)?))
+		.runtime_api(RuntimeApiSubsystem::new(
+			runtime_client.clone(),
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+			spawner.clone(),
+		))
+		.statement_distribution(StatementDistributionSubsystem::new(
+			keystore.clone(),
+			statement_req_receiver,
+			candidate_req_v2_receiver,
+			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+			rand::rngs::StdRng::from_entropy(),
+		))
+		.approval_distribution(DummySubsystem)
+		.approval_voting(DummySubsystem)
+		.approval_voting_parallel(ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem::with_config(
+			approval_voting_config,
+			parachains_db.clone(),
+			keystore.clone(),
+			Box::new(sync_service.clone()),
+			approval_voting_parallel_metrics,
+			spawner.clone(),
+			overseer_message_channel_capacity_override,
+		))
 		.gossip_support(GossipSupportSubsystem::new(
 			keystore.clone(),
 			authority_discovery_service.clone(),
@@ -332,6 +568,7 @@ where
 			dispute_coordinator_config,
 			keystore.clone(),
 			Metrics::register(registry)?,
+			enable_approval_voting_parallel,
 		))
 		.dispute_distribution(DisputeDistributionSubsystem::new(
 			keystore.clone(),
@@ -342,7 +579,6 @@ where
 		.chain_selection(ChainSelectionSubsystem::new(chain_selection_config, parachains_db))
 		.prospective_parachains(ProspectiveParachainsSubsystem::new(Metrics::register(registry)?))
 		.activation_external_listeners(Default::default())
-		.span_per_active_leaf(Default::default())
 		.active_leaves(Default::default())
 		.supports_parachains(runtime_client)
 		.metrics(metrics)
@@ -407,6 +643,7 @@ pub fn collator_overseer_builder<Spawner, RuntimeClient>(
 		DummySubsystem,
 		DummySubsystem,
 		DummySubsystem,
+		DummySubsystem,
 	>,
 	Error,
 >
@@ -439,6 +676,7 @@ where
 			peerset_protocol_names,
 			notification_services,
 			notification_sinks,
+			false,
 		))
 		.availability_distribution(DummySubsystem)
 		.availability_recovery(AvailabilityRecoverySubsystem::for_collator(
@@ -481,13 +719,13 @@ where
 		.statement_distribution(DummySubsystem)
 		.approval_distribution(DummySubsystem)
 		.approval_voting(DummySubsystem)
+		.approval_voting_parallel(DummySubsystem)
 		.gossip_support(DummySubsystem)
 		.dispute_coordinator(DummySubsystem)
 		.dispute_distribution(DummySubsystem)
 		.chain_selection(DummySubsystem)
 		.prospective_parachains(DummySubsystem)
 		.activation_external_listeners(Default::default())
-		.span_per_active_leaf(Default::default())
 		.active_leaves(Default::default())
 		.supports_parachains(runtime_client)
 		.metrics(Metrics::register(registry)?)
@@ -537,9 +775,15 @@ impl OverseerGen for ValidatorOverseerGen {
 			"create validator overseer as mandatory extended arguments were not provided"
 				.to_owned(),
 		)))?;
-		validator_overseer_builder(args, ext_args)?
-			.build_with_connector(connector)
-			.map_err(|e| e.into())
+		if ext_args.enable_approval_voting_parallel {
+			validator_with_parallel_overseer_builder(args, ext_args)?
+				.build_with_connector(connector)
+				.map_err(|e| e.into())
+		} else {
+			validator_overseer_builder(args, ext_args)?
+				.build_with_connector(connector)
+				.map_err(|e| e.into())
+		}
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/service/src/parachains_db/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/service/src/parachains_db/mod.rs
index 59af30dceeb90f47ca6a4263e2c1428fc74ac436..887db80a3034860585ce343f8394c13d0bef3a5f 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/service/src/parachains_db/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/service/src/parachains_db/mod.rs
@@ -100,18 +100,11 @@ pub struct CacheSizes {
 	pub availability_meta: usize,
 	/// Cache used by approval data.
 	pub approval_data: usize,
-	/// Cache used by session window data
-	pub session_data: usize,
 }
 
 impl Default for CacheSizes {
 	fn default() -> Self {
-		CacheSizes {
-			availability_data: 25,
-			availability_meta: 1,
-			approval_data: 5,
-			session_data: 1,
-		}
+		CacheSizes { availability_data: 25, availability_meta: 1, approval_data: 5 }
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/service/src/relay_chain_selection.rs b/polkadot/node/service/src/relay_chain_selection.rs
index c0b1ce8b0ebe1e38db56c3692ca473d7b31d13c4..e48874f01ca6fe0af410b7b65feb64945a69c757 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/service/src/relay_chain_selection.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/service/src/relay_chain_selection.rs
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ use super::{HeaderProvider, HeaderProviderProvider};
 use futures::channel::oneshot;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::MAX_FINALITY_LAG as PRIMITIVES_MAX_FINALITY_LAG;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::{
-	ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingMessage, ChainSelectionMessage,
-	DisputeCoordinatorMessage, HighestApprovedAncestorBlock,
+	ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingMessage, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage,
+	ChainSelectionMessage, DisputeCoordinatorMessage, HighestApprovedAncestorBlock,
 };
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::metrics::{self, prometheus};
 use polkadot_overseer::{AllMessages, Handle};
@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ where
 		overseer: Handle,
 		metrics: Metrics,
 		spawn_handle: Option<SpawnTaskHandle>,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 	) -> Self {
 		gum::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Using dispute aware relay-chain selection algorithm",);
 
@@ -179,6 +180,7 @@ where
 				overseer,
 				metrics,
 				spawn_handle,
+				approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 			)),
 		}
 	}
@@ -230,6 +232,7 @@ pub struct SelectRelayChainInner<B, OH> {
 	overseer: OH,
 	metrics: Metrics,
 	spawn_handle: Option<SpawnTaskHandle>,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 }
 
 impl<B, OH> SelectRelayChainInner<B, OH>
@@ -244,8 +247,15 @@ where
 		overseer: OH,
 		metrics: Metrics,
 		spawn_handle: Option<SpawnTaskHandle>,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 	) -> Self {
-		SelectRelayChainInner { backend, overseer, metrics, spawn_handle }
+		SelectRelayChainInner {
+			backend,
+			overseer,
+			metrics,
+			spawn_handle,
+			approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
+		}
 	}
 
 	fn block_header(&self, hash: Hash) -> Result<PolkadotHeader, ConsensusError> {
@@ -284,6 +294,7 @@ where
 			overseer: self.overseer.clone(),
 			metrics: self.metrics.clone(),
 			spawn_handle: self.spawn_handle.clone(),
+			approval_voting_parallel_enabled: self.approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -448,13 +459,25 @@ where
 		// 2. Constrain according to `ApprovedAncestor`.
 		let (subchain_head, subchain_number, subchain_block_descriptions) = {
 			let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
-			overseer
-				.send_msg(
-					ApprovalVotingMessage::ApprovedAncestor(subchain_head, target_number, tx),
-					std::any::type_name::<Self>(),
-				)
-				.await;
-
+			if self.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+				overseer
+					.send_msg(
+						ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovedAncestor(
+							subchain_head,
+							target_number,
+							tx,
+						),
+						std::any::type_name::<Self>(),
+					)
+					.await;
+			} else {
+				overseer
+					.send_msg(
+						ApprovalVotingMessage::ApprovedAncestor(subchain_head, target_number, tx),
+						std::any::type_name::<Self>(),
+					)
+					.await;
+			}
 			match rx
 				.await
 				.map_err(Error::ApprovedAncestorCanceled)
@@ -476,13 +499,23 @@ where
 		// task for sending the message to not block here and delay finality.
 		if let Some(spawn_handle) = &self.spawn_handle {
 			let mut overseer_handle = self.overseer.clone();
+			let approval_voting_parallel_enabled = self.approval_voting_parallel_enabled;
 			let lag_update_task = async move {
-				overseer_handle
-					.send_msg(
-						ApprovalDistributionMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag),
-						std::any::type_name::<Self>(),
-					)
-					.await;
+				if approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+					overseer_handle
+						.send_msg(
+							ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag),
+							std::any::type_name::<Self>(),
+						)
+						.await;
+				} else {
+					overseer_handle
+						.send_msg(
+							ApprovalDistributionMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag),
+							std::any::type_name::<Self>(),
+						)
+						.await;
+				}
 			};
 
 			spawn_handle.spawn(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/service/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/node/service/src/tests.rs
index 195432bcb75d84a3fa1a5428efdb2d50fd76a910..78bbfcd5444f0413707cf3e35c9347ad65302794 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/service/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/service/src/tests.rs
@@ -63,9 +63,6 @@ struct TestHarness {
 	finality_target_rx: Receiver<Option<Hash>>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Default)]
-struct HarnessConfig;
-
 fn test_harness<T: Future<Output = VirtualOverseer>>(
 	case_vars: CaseVars,
 	test: impl FnOnce(TestHarness) -> T,
@@ -83,6 +80,7 @@ fn test_harness<T: Future<Output = VirtualOverseer>>(
 		context.sender().clone(),
 		Default::default(),
 		None,
+		false,
 	);
 
 	let target_hash = case_vars.target_block;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/Cargo.toml
index a564160bc0c615d1dc7e31e15edfb4bf20a50f18..8633818e775da0e4ea5213c3c5f6a436b535a664 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/Cargo.toml
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ serde_yaml = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 
 polkadot-node-core-approval-voting = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-approval-distribution = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-consensus-babe = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_no_shows.yaml b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_no_shows.yaml
index cae1a30914da78c32a54ad035b8870f3a4412548..1423d324df3f05e911465f62d09bbad38084a408 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_no_shows.yaml
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_no_shows.yaml
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ TestConfiguration:
     coalesce_tranche_diff: 12
     num_no_shows_per_candidate: 10
     workdir_prefix: "/tmp/"
+    approval_voting_parallel_enabled: false
   n_validators: 500
   n_cores: 100
   min_pov_size: 1120
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput.yaml b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput.yaml
index 7edb48e302a46b464e86d5b3535ab71d1585a408..87c6103a5d0a64a6b8a0a22348b84feb1ff26f4d 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput.yaml
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput.yaml
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ TestConfiguration:
     coalesce_tranche_diff: 12
     num_no_shows_per_candidate: 0
     workdir_prefix: "/tmp"
+    approval_voting_parallel_enabled: true
   n_validators: 500
   n_cores: 100
   min_pov_size: 1120
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput_best_case.yaml b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput_best_case.yaml
index 7c24f50e6af5531ab652e838f362733f0fda6707..5e2ea3817d171206c8294475cbd8ac38e0cf2042 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput_best_case.yaml
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/examples/approvals_throughput_best_case.yaml
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ TestConfiguration:
     stop_when_approved: true
     coalesce_tranche_diff: 12
     num_no_shows_per_candidate: 0
+    approval_voting_parallel_enabled: false
     workdir_prefix: "/tmp/"
   n_validators: 500
   n_cores: 100
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/helpers.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/helpers.rs
index bfd0feb6d1ce9f0dcfad80996e8027ab6967ad72..24cd734c6ae58132ded5b166bf12544e652d3d03 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/helpers.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/helpers.rs
@@ -21,8 +21,11 @@ use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{
 	View,
 };
 use polkadot_node_primitives::approval::time::{Clock, SystemClock, Tick};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::messages::{
+	ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage,
+};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::messages::{
-	network_bridge_event::NewGossipTopology, ApprovalDistributionMessage, NetworkBridgeEvent,
+	network_bridge_event::NewGossipTopology, NetworkBridgeEvent,
 };
 use polkadot_overseer::AllMessages;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
@@ -121,6 +124,7 @@ pub fn generate_topology(test_authorities: &TestAuthorities) -> SessionGridTopol
 pub fn generate_new_session_topology(
 	test_authorities: &TestAuthorities,
 	test_node: ValidatorIndex,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 ) -> Vec<AllMessages> {
 	let topology = generate_topology(test_authorities);
 
@@ -129,14 +133,29 @@ pub fn generate_new_session_topology(
 		topology,
 		local_index: Some(test_node),
 	});
-	vec![AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(event))]
+	vec![if approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+		AllMessages::ApprovalVotingParallel(ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+			event,
+		))
+	} else {
+		AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(event))
+	}]
 }
 
 /// Generates a peer view change for the passed `block_hash`
-pub fn generate_peer_view_change_for(block_hash: Hash, peer_id: PeerId) -> AllMessages {
+pub fn generate_peer_view_change_for(
+	block_hash: Hash,
+	peer_id: PeerId,
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
+) -> AllMessages {
 	let network = NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerViewChange(peer_id, View::new([block_hash], 0));
-
-	AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(network))
+	if approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+		AllMessages::ApprovalVotingParallel(ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+			network,
+		))
+	} else {
+		AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(network))
+	}
 }
 
 /// Helper function to create a a signature for the block header.
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/message_generator.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/message_generator.rs
index bc54fb430cb4fe45dc4653227aa26e8e9f9eafb6..79de6e72fc882f33418c3931a5b0e89b4798ecfa 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/message_generator.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/message_generator.rs
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ impl PeerMessagesGenerator {
 /// We can not sample every time for all the messages because that would be too expensive to
 /// perform, so pre-generate a list of samples for a given network size.
 /// - result[i] give us as a list of random nodes that would send a given message to the node under
-/// test.
+///   test.
 fn random_samplings_to_node(
 	node_under_test: ValidatorIndex,
 	num_validators: usize,
@@ -474,8 +474,7 @@ fn issue_approvals(
 		coalesce_approvals_len(options.coalesce_mean, options.coalesce_std_dev, rand_chacha);
 	let result = assignments
 		.iter()
-		.enumerate()
-		.map(|(_index, message)| match &message.msg {
+		.map(|message| match &message.msg {
 			protocol_v3::ApprovalDistributionMessage::Assignments(assignments) => {
 				let mut approvals_to_create = Vec::new();
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/mod.rs
index 5172c473d39b345a1e42cb9d8b3fd15cadf1f25b..1b20960a3f8a604309ebc2cf22b6ff8f1c55c8d9 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/approval/mod.rs
@@ -49,20 +49,21 @@ use itertools::Itertools;
 use orchestra::TimeoutExt;
 use overseer::{metrics::Metrics as OverseerMetrics, MetricsTrait};
 use polkadot_approval_distribution::ApprovalDistribution;
+use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting_parallel::ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::approval::time::{
 	slot_number_to_tick, tick_to_slot_number, Clock, ClockExt, SystemClock,
 };
 
 use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting::{
-	ApprovalVotingSubsystem, Config as ApprovalVotingConfig, Metrics as ApprovalVotingMetrics,
-	RealAssignmentCriteria,
+	ApprovalVotingSubsystem, Config as ApprovalVotingConfig, RealAssignmentCriteria,
 };
 use polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3 as protocol_v3;
 use polkadot_node_primitives::approval::{self, v1::RelayVRFStory};
-use polkadot_node_subsystem::{overseer, AllMessages, Overseer, OverseerConnector, SpawnGlue};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
+	messages::{ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingMessage, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage},
+	overseer, AllMessages, Overseer, OverseerConnector, SpawnGlue,
+};
 use polkadot_node_subsystem_test_helpers::mock::new_block_import_info;
-use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::messages::{ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingMessage};
-use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::metrics::Metrics;
 use polkadot_overseer::Handle as OverseerHandleReal;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	vstaging::{CandidateEvent, CandidateReceiptV2 as CandidateReceipt},
@@ -139,6 +140,9 @@ pub struct ApprovalsOptions {
 	/// The number of no shows per candidate
 	#[clap(short, long, default_value_t = 0)]
 	pub num_no_shows_per_candidate: u32,
+	/// Enable approval voting parallel.
+	#[clap(short, long, default_value_t = true)]
+	pub approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 }
 
 impl ApprovalsOptions {
@@ -273,7 +277,7 @@ pub struct ApprovalTestState {
 	/// Total unique sent messages.
 	total_unique_messages: Arc<AtomicU64>,
 	/// Approval voting metrics.
-	approval_voting_metrics: ApprovalVotingMetrics,
+	approval_voting_parallel_metrics: polkadot_node_core_approval_voting_parallel::Metrics,
 	/// The delta ticks from the tick the messages were generated to the the time we start this
 	/// message.
 	delta_tick_from_generated: Arc<AtomicU64>,
@@ -331,7 +335,10 @@ impl ApprovalTestState {
 			total_sent_messages_from_node: Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(0)),
 			total_unique_messages: Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(0)),
 			options,
-			approval_voting_metrics: ApprovalVotingMetrics::try_register(&dependencies.registry)
+			approval_voting_parallel_metrics:
+				polkadot_node_core_approval_voting_parallel::Metrics::try_register(
+					&dependencies.registry,
+				)
 				.unwrap(),
 			delta_tick_from_generated: Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(630720000)),
 			configuration: configuration.clone(),
@@ -457,6 +464,14 @@ impl ApprovalTestState {
 			})
 			.collect()
 	}
+
+	fn subsystem_name(&self) -> &'static str {
+		if self.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+			"approval-voting-parallel-subsystem"
+		} else {
+			"approval-distribution-subsystem"
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 impl ApprovalTestState {
@@ -598,13 +613,16 @@ impl PeerMessageProducer {
 			// so when the approval-distribution answered to it, we know it doesn't have anything
 			// else to process.
 			let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
-			let msg = ApprovalDistributionMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(HashSet::new(), tx);
-			self.send_overseer_message(
-				AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(msg),
-				ValidatorIndex(0),
-				None,
-			)
-			.await;
+			let msg = if self.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+				AllMessages::ApprovalVotingParallel(
+					ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(HashSet::new(), tx),
+				)
+			} else {
+				AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(
+					ApprovalDistributionMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(HashSet::new(), tx),
+				)
+			};
+			self.send_overseer_message(msg, ValidatorIndex(0), None).await;
 			rx.await.expect("Failed to get signatures");
 			self.notify_done.send(()).expect("Failed to notify main loop");
 			gum::info!("All messages processed ");
@@ -744,7 +762,11 @@ impl PeerMessageProducer {
 		for validator in 1..self.state.test_authorities.validator_authority_id.len() as u32 {
 			let peer_id = self.state.test_authorities.peer_ids.get(validator as usize).unwrap();
 			let validator = ValidatorIndex(validator);
-			let view_update = generate_peer_view_change_for(block_info.hash, *peer_id);
+			let view_update = generate_peer_view_change_for(
+				block_info.hash,
+				*peer_id,
+				self.state.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
+			);
 
 			self.send_overseer_message(view_update, validator, None).await;
 		}
@@ -809,24 +831,12 @@ fn build_overseer(
 
 	let system_clock =
 		PastSystemClock::new(SystemClock {}, state.delta_tick_from_generated.clone());
-	let approval_voting = ApprovalVotingSubsystem::with_config_and_clock(
-		TEST_CONFIG,
-		Arc::new(db),
-		Arc::new(keystore),
-		Box::new(TestSyncOracle {}),
-		state.approval_voting_metrics.clone(),
-		Arc::new(system_clock.clone()),
-		Arc::new(SpawnGlue(spawn_task_handle.clone())),
-	);
+	let keystore = Arc::new(keystore);
+	let db = Arc::new(db);
 
-	let approval_distribution = ApprovalDistribution::new_with_clock(
-		Metrics::register(Some(&dependencies.registry)).unwrap(),
-		SLOT_DURATION_MILLIS,
-		Box::new(system_clock.clone()),
-		Arc::new(RealAssignmentCriteria {}),
-	);
 	let mock_chain_api = MockChainApi::new(state.build_chain_api_state());
-	let mock_chain_selection = MockChainSelection { state: state.clone(), clock: system_clock };
+	let mock_chain_selection =
+		MockChainSelection { state: state.clone(), clock: system_clock.clone() };
 	let mock_runtime_api = MockRuntimeApi::new(
 		config.clone(),
 		state.test_authorities.clone(),
@@ -841,11 +851,14 @@ fn build_overseer(
 		network_interface.subsystem_sender(),
 		state.test_authorities.clone(),
 	);
-	let mock_rx_bridge = MockNetworkBridgeRx::new(network_receiver, None);
+	let mock_rx_bridge = MockNetworkBridgeRx::new(
+		network_receiver,
+		None,
+		state.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
+	);
 	let overseer_metrics = OverseerMetrics::try_register(&dependencies.registry).unwrap();
-	let dummy = dummy_builder!(spawn_task_handle, overseer_metrics)
-		.replace_approval_distribution(|_| approval_distribution)
-		.replace_approval_voting(|_| approval_voting)
+	let task_handle = spawn_task_handle.clone();
+	let dummy = dummy_builder!(task_handle, overseer_metrics)
 		.replace_chain_api(|_| mock_chain_api)
 		.replace_chain_selection(|_| mock_chain_selection)
 		.replace_runtime_api(|_| mock_runtime_api)
@@ -854,8 +867,45 @@ fn build_overseer(
 		.replace_availability_recovery(|_| MockAvailabilityRecovery::new())
 		.replace_candidate_validation(|_| MockCandidateValidation::new());
 
-	let (overseer, raw_handle) =
-		dummy.build_with_connector(overseer_connector).expect("Should not fail");
+	let (overseer, raw_handle) = if state.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+		let approval_voting_parallel = ApprovalVotingParallelSubsystem::with_config_and_clock(
+			TEST_CONFIG,
+			db.clone(),
+			keystore.clone(),
+			Box::new(TestSyncOracle {}),
+			state.approval_voting_parallel_metrics.clone(),
+			Arc::new(system_clock.clone()),
+			SpawnGlue(spawn_task_handle.clone()),
+			None,
+		);
+		dummy
+			.replace_approval_voting_parallel(|_| approval_voting_parallel)
+			.build_with_connector(overseer_connector)
+			.expect("Should not fail")
+	} else {
+		let approval_voting = ApprovalVotingSubsystem::with_config_and_clock(
+			TEST_CONFIG,
+			db.clone(),
+			keystore.clone(),
+			Box::new(TestSyncOracle {}),
+			state.approval_voting_parallel_metrics.approval_voting_metrics(),
+			Arc::new(system_clock.clone()),
+			Arc::new(SpawnGlue(spawn_task_handle.clone())),
+		);
+
+		let approval_distribution = ApprovalDistribution::new_with_clock(
+			state.approval_voting_parallel_metrics.approval_distribution_metrics(),
+			TEST_CONFIG.slot_duration_millis,
+			Arc::new(system_clock.clone()),
+			Arc::new(RealAssignmentCriteria {}),
+		);
+
+		dummy
+			.replace_approval_voting(|_| approval_voting)
+			.replace_approval_distribution(|_| approval_distribution)
+			.build_with_connector(overseer_connector)
+			.expect("Should not fail")
+	};
 
 	let overseer_handle = OverseerHandleReal::new(raw_handle);
 	(overseer, overseer_handle)
@@ -944,11 +994,18 @@ pub async fn bench_approvals_run(
 	// First create the initialization messages that make sure that then node under
 	// tests receives notifications about the topology used and the connected peers.
 	let mut initialization_messages = env.network().generate_peer_connected(|e| {
-		AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(e))
+		if state.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+			AllMessages::ApprovalVotingParallel(ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
+				e,
+			))
+		} else {
+			AllMessages::ApprovalDistribution(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(e))
+		}
 	});
 	initialization_messages.extend(generate_new_session_topology(
 		&state.test_authorities,
 		ValidatorIndex(NODE_UNDER_TEST),
+		state.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled,
 	));
 	for message in initialization_messages {
 		env.send_message(message).await;
@@ -1013,7 +1070,14 @@ pub async fn bench_approvals_run(
 		state.total_sent_messages_to_node.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst) as usize;
 	env.wait_until_metric(
 		"polkadot_parachain_subsystem_bounded_received",
-		Some(("subsystem_name", "approval-distribution-subsystem")),
+		Some((
+			"subsystem_name",
+			if state.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+				"approval-voting-parallel-subsystem"
+			} else {
+				"approval-distribution-subsystem"
+			},
+		)),
 		|value| {
 			gum::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?value, ?at_least_messages, "Waiting metric");
 			value >= at_least_messages as f64
@@ -1030,11 +1094,22 @@ pub async fn bench_approvals_run(
 				CandidateEvent::CandidateIncluded(receipt_fetch, _head, _, _) => {
 					let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
 
-					let msg = ApprovalVotingMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(
-						receipt_fetch.hash(),
-						tx,
-					);
-					env.send_message(AllMessages::ApprovalVoting(msg)).await;
+					let msg = if state.options.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+						AllMessages::ApprovalVotingParallel(
+							ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(
+								receipt_fetch.hash(),
+								tx,
+							),
+						)
+					} else {
+						AllMessages::ApprovalVoting(
+							ApprovalVotingMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(
+								receipt_fetch.hash(),
+								tx,
+							),
+						)
+					};
+					env.send_message(msg).await;
 
 					let result = rx.await.unwrap();
 
@@ -1058,7 +1133,7 @@ pub async fn bench_approvals_run(
 		state.total_sent_messages_to_node.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst) as usize;
 	env.wait_until_metric(
 		"polkadot_parachain_subsystem_bounded_received",
-		Some(("subsystem_name", "approval-distribution-subsystem")),
+		Some(("subsystem_name", state.subsystem_name())),
 		|value| {
 			gum::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, ?value, ?at_least_messages, "Waiting metric");
 			value >= at_least_messages as f64
@@ -1099,5 +1174,8 @@ pub async fn bench_approvals_run(
 		state.total_unique_messages.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst)
 	);
 
-	env.collect_resource_usage(&["approval-distribution", "approval-voting"])
+	env.collect_resource_usage(
+		&["approval-distribution", "approval-voting", "approval-voting-parallel"],
+		true,
+	)
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/availability/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/availability/mod.rs
index a975ccbab36c69b2d40e3232ab992aeeee5f5692..8ac9796acb62ceb5605388e926df9b49c3813cc5 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/availability/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/availability/mod.rs
@@ -49,10 +49,7 @@ use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
 	messages::{AllMessages, AvailabilityRecoveryMessage},
 	Overseer, OverseerConnector, SpawnGlue,
 };
-use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::{
-	messages::{AvailabilityStoreMessage, NetworkBridgeEvent},
-	Span,
-};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::messages::{AvailabilityStoreMessage, NetworkBridgeEvent};
 use polkadot_overseer::{metrics::Metrics as OverseerMetrics, Handle as OverseerHandle};
 use polkadot_primitives::{Block, CoreIndex, GroupIndex, Hash};
 use sc_network::request_responses::{IncomingRequest as RawIncomingRequest, ProtocolConfig};
@@ -210,7 +207,7 @@ pub fn prepare_test(
 		state.test_authorities.clone(),
 	);
 	let network_bridge_rx =
-		network_bridge::MockNetworkBridgeRx::new(network_receiver, Some(chunk_req_v2_cfg));
+		network_bridge::MockNetworkBridgeRx::new(network_receiver, Some(chunk_req_v2_cfg), false);
 
 	let runtime_api = MockRuntimeApi::new(
 		state.config.clone(),
@@ -372,7 +369,7 @@ pub async fn benchmark_availability_read(
 	);
 
 	env.stop().await;
-	env.collect_resource_usage(&["availability-recovery"])
+	env.collect_resource_usage(&["availability-recovery"], false)
 }
 
 pub async fn benchmark_availability_write(
@@ -421,7 +418,7 @@ pub async fn benchmark_availability_write(
 
 		// Inform bitfield distribution about our view of current test block
 		let message = polkadot_node_subsystem_types::messages::BitfieldDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(
-			NetworkBridgeEvent::OurViewChange(OurView::new(vec![(relay_block_hash, Arc::new(Span::Disabled))], 0))
+			NetworkBridgeEvent::OurViewChange(OurView::new(vec![relay_block_hash], 0))
 		);
 		env.send_message(AllMessages::BitfieldDistribution(message)).await;
 
@@ -506,9 +503,8 @@ pub async fn benchmark_availability_write(
 	);
 
 	env.stop().await;
-	env.collect_resource_usage(&[
-		"availability-distribution",
-		"bitfield-distribution",
-		"availability-store",
-	])
+	env.collect_resource_usage(
+		&["availability-distribution", "bitfield-distribution", "availability-store"],
+		false,
+	)
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/display.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/display.rs
index b153d54a7c36f43bc110dde9443f2413a34d9af6..c47dd9a07900ebe795abdb74fceac1f2c006c05d 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/display.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/display.rs
@@ -96,6 +96,23 @@ pub struct TestMetric {
 	value: f64,
 }
 
+impl TestMetric {
+	pub fn name(&self) -> &str {
+		&self.name
+	}
+
+	pub fn value(&self) -> f64 {
+		self.value
+	}
+
+	pub fn label_value(&self, label_name: &str) -> Option<&str> {
+		self.label_names
+			.iter()
+			.position(|name| name == label_name)
+			.and_then(|index| self.label_values.get(index).map(|s| s.as_str()))
+	}
+}
+
 impl Display for TestMetric {
 	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 		write!(
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/environment.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/environment.rs
index a63f90da50b3aabcacca38874d723e7166173842..4de683ad6487b2156d0a2dff7d289f029662ed05 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/environment.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/environment.rs
@@ -351,10 +351,14 @@ impl TestEnvironment {
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn collect_resource_usage(&self, subsystems_under_test: &[&str]) -> BenchmarkUsage {
+	pub fn collect_resource_usage(
+		&self,
+		subsystems_under_test: &[&str],
+		break_down_cpu_usage_per_task: bool,
+	) -> BenchmarkUsage {
 		BenchmarkUsage {
 			network_usage: self.network_usage(),
-			cpu_usage: self.cpu_usage(subsystems_under_test),
+			cpu_usage: self.cpu_usage(subsystems_under_test, break_down_cpu_usage_per_task),
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -378,7 +382,11 @@ impl TestEnvironment {
 		]
 	}
 
-	fn cpu_usage(&self, subsystems_under_test: &[&str]) -> Vec<ResourceUsage> {
+	fn cpu_usage(
+		&self,
+		subsystems_under_test: &[&str],
+		break_down_per_task: bool,
+	) -> Vec<ResourceUsage> {
 		let test_metrics = super::display::parse_metrics(self.registry());
 		let mut usage = vec![];
 		let num_blocks = self.config().num_blocks as f64;
@@ -392,6 +400,22 @@ impl TestEnvironment {
 				total: total_cpu,
 				per_block: total_cpu / num_blocks,
 			});
+
+			if break_down_per_task {
+				for metric in subsystem_cpu_metrics.all() {
+					if metric.name() != "substrate_tasks_polling_duration_sum" {
+						continue;
+					}
+
+					if let Some(task_name) = metric.label_value("task_name") {
+						usage.push(ResourceUsage {
+							resource_name: format!("{}/{}", subsystem, task_name),
+							total: metric.value(),
+							per_block: metric.value() / num_blocks,
+						});
+					}
+				}
+			}
 		}
 
 		let test_env_cpu_metrics =
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/dummy.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/dummy.rs
index 8783b35f1c04a9c59bf415340689b1a9ae29ee6a..092a8fc5f4c12e5742f3ef7abed7372d295d0cd9 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/dummy.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/dummy.rs
@@ -96,5 +96,6 @@ mock!(NetworkBridgeTx);
 mock!(ChainApi);
 mock!(ChainSelection);
 mock!(ApprovalVoting);
+mock!(ApprovalVotingParallel);
 mock!(ApprovalDistribution);
 mock!(RuntimeApi);
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/mod.rs
index da4ac05e33b7c9af76ab6804961a53cfbe68f9b0..00c19fe62cc48663c6efb235d5379513fe3189f0 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/mod.rs
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ macro_rules! dummy_builder {
 		// All subsystem except approval_voting and approval_distribution are mock subsystems.
 		Overseer::builder()
 			.approval_voting(MockApprovalVoting {})
+			.approval_voting_parallel(MockApprovalVotingParallel {})
 			.approval_distribution(MockApprovalDistribution {})
 			.availability_recovery(MockAvailabilityRecovery {})
 			.candidate_validation(MockCandidateValidation {})
@@ -70,7 +71,6 @@ macro_rules! dummy_builder {
 			.dispute_distribution(MockDisputeDistribution {})
 			.prospective_parachains(MockProspectiveParachains {})
 			.activation_external_listeners(Default::default())
-			.span_per_active_leaf(Default::default())
 			.active_leaves(Default::default())
 			.metrics($metrics)
 			.supports_parachains(AlwaysSupportsParachains {})
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/network_bridge.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/network_bridge.rs
index d70953926d130eabc7be096cab71ff59d6e91bc8..f5474a61e3dca3e8f0d571d5326c5b8710cc3e37 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/network_bridge.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/mock/network_bridge.rs
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ use crate::{
 use futures::{channel::mpsc::UnboundedSender, FutureExt, StreamExt};
 use polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned;
 use polkadot_node_subsystem::{
-	messages::NetworkBridgeTxMessage, overseer, SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError,
-};
-use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::{
 	messages::{
-		ApprovalDistributionMessage, BitfieldDistributionMessage, NetworkBridgeEvent,
-		StatementDistributionMessage,
+		ApprovalDistributionMessage, ApprovalVotingParallelMessage, NetworkBridgeTxMessage,
 	},
+	overseer, SpawnedSubsystem, SubsystemError,
+};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::{
+	messages::{BitfieldDistributionMessage, NetworkBridgeEvent, StatementDistributionMessage},
 	OverseerSignal,
 };
 use sc_network::{request_responses::ProtocolConfig, RequestFailure};
@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ pub struct MockNetworkBridgeRx {
 	network_receiver: NetworkInterfaceReceiver,
 	/// Chunk request sender
 	chunk_request_sender: Option<ProtocolConfig>,
+	/// Approval voting parallel enabled.
+	approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 }
 
 impl MockNetworkBridgeTx {
@@ -73,8 +75,9 @@ impl MockNetworkBridgeRx {
 	pub fn new(
 		network_receiver: NetworkInterfaceReceiver,
 		chunk_request_sender: Option<ProtocolConfig>,
+		approval_voting_parallel_enabled: bool,
 	) -> MockNetworkBridgeRx {
-		Self { network_receiver, chunk_request_sender }
+		Self { network_receiver, chunk_request_sender, approval_voting_parallel_enabled }
 	}
 }
 
@@ -199,9 +202,15 @@ impl MockNetworkBridgeRx {
 								Versioned::V3(
 									polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ValidationProtocol::ApprovalDistribution(msg)
 								) => {
-									ctx.send_message(
-										ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(peer_id, polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(msg)))
-									).await;
+									if self.approval_voting_parallel_enabled {
+										ctx.send_message(
+											ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(peer_id, polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(msg)))
+										).await;
+									} else {
+										ctx.send_message(
+											ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(peer_id, polkadot_node_network_protocol::Versioned::V3(msg)))
+										).await;
+									}
 								}
 								Versioned::V3(
 									polkadot_node_network_protocol::v3::ValidationProtocol::StatementDistribution(msg)
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/statement/mod.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/statement/mod.rs
index bd47505f56aeabc201f0d57bec57fa6a3f3380d4..dd7095d3b00c9dc353ca95d89f388c0a683ea3dd 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/statement/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/statement/mod.rs
@@ -114,14 +114,14 @@ fn build_overseer(
 		state.pvd.clone(),
 		state.own_backing_group.clone(),
 	);
-	let (statement_req_receiver, statement_req_cfg) = IncomingRequest::get_config_receiver::<
-		Block,
-		sc_network::NetworkWorker<Block, Hash>,
-	>(&ReqProtocolNames::new(GENESIS_HASH, None));
-	let (candidate_req_receiver, candidate_req_cfg) = IncomingRequest::get_config_receiver::<
-		Block,
-		sc_network::NetworkWorker<Block, Hash>,
-	>(&ReqProtocolNames::new(GENESIS_HASH, None));
+	let (statement_req_receiver, statement_req_cfg) =
+		IncomingRequest::get_config_receiver::<Block, sc_network::NetworkWorker<Block, Hash>>(
+			&ReqProtocolNames::new(GENESIS_HASH, None),
+		);
+	let (candidate_req_receiver, candidate_req_cfg) =
+		IncomingRequest::get_config_receiver::<Block, sc_network::NetworkWorker<Block, Hash>>(
+			&ReqProtocolNames::new(GENESIS_HASH, None),
+		);
 	let keystore = make_keystore();
 	let subsystem = StatementDistributionSubsystem::new(
 		keystore.clone(),
@@ -135,7 +135,8 @@ fn build_overseer(
 		network_interface.subsystem_sender(),
 		state.test_authorities.clone(),
 	);
-	let network_bridge_rx = MockNetworkBridgeRx::new(network_receiver, Some(candidate_req_cfg));
+	let network_bridge_rx =
+		MockNetworkBridgeRx::new(network_receiver, Some(candidate_req_cfg), false);
 
 	let dummy = dummy_builder!(spawn_task_handle, overseer_metrics)
 		.replace_runtime_api(|_| mock_runtime_api)
@@ -445,5 +446,5 @@ pub async fn benchmark_statement_distribution(
 	);
 
 	env.stop().await;
-	env.collect_resource_usage(&["statement-distribution"])
+	env.collect_resource_usage(&["statement-distribution"], false)
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/usage.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/usage.rs
index 883e9aa7ad0a0cec210ef49ccd7542f17d7256ee..5f691ae2db3992ac60f0461e101416e0ae2e02a5 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/usage.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-bench/src/lib/usage.rs
@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for BenchmarkUsage {
 		write!(
 			f,
 			"\n{}\n{}\n\n{}\n{}\n",
-			format!("{:<32}{:>12}{:>12}", "Network usage, KiB", "total", "per block").blue(),
+			format!("{:<64}{:>12}{:>12}", "Network usage, KiB", "total", "per block").blue(),
 			self.network_usage
 				.iter()
 				.map(|v| v.to_string())
 				.sorted()
 				.collect::<Vec<String>>()
 				.join("\n"),
-			format!("{:<32}{:>12}{:>12}", "CPU usage, seconds", "total", "per block").blue(),
+			format!("{:<64}{:>12}{:>12}", "CPU usage, seconds", "total", "per block").blue(),
 			self.cpu_usage
 				.iter()
 				.map(|v| v.to_string())
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ pub struct ResourceUsage {
 
 impl std::fmt::Display for ResourceUsage {
 	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
-		write!(f, "{:<32}{:>12.4}{:>12.4}", self.resource_name.cyan(), self.total, self.per_block)
+		write!(f, "{:<64}{:>12.4}{:>12.4}", self.resource_name.cyan(), self.total, self.per_block)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-test-helpers/src/mock.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-test-helpers/src/mock.rs
index 14026960ac13ec285c0dc972c26fbf7dd1b9b4b9..f73b4b573ff5f99a38a54e022ac4648a51bdb608 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-test-helpers/src/mock.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-test-helpers/src/mock.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use polkadot_node_subsystem::{jaeger, ActivatedLeaf, BlockInfo};
+use polkadot_node_subsystem::{ActivatedLeaf, BlockInfo};
 use sc_client_api::UnpinHandle;
 use sc_keystore::LocalKeystore;
 use sc_utils::mpsc::tracing_unbounded;
@@ -52,12 +52,7 @@ pub fn dummy_unpin_handle(block: Hash) -> UnpinHandle<Block> {
 
 /// Create a new leaf with the given hash and number.
 pub fn new_leaf(hash: Hash, number: BlockNumber) -> ActivatedLeaf {
-	ActivatedLeaf {
-		hash,
-		number,
-		unpin_handle: dummy_unpin_handle(hash),
-		span: Arc::new(jaeger::Span::Disabled),
-	}
+	ActivatedLeaf { hash, number, unpin_handle: dummy_unpin_handle(hash) }
 }
 
 /// Create a new leaf with the given hash and number.
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/Cargo.toml
index c8fc324699e1754cb0d476a97ef29c8fea4ede74..b8bad8f8a2953a8327ff79f656f3af83ddb638ea 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-network-protocol = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-statement-table = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-node-jaeger = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 orchestra = { features = ["futures_channel"], workspace = true }
 sc-network = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-network-types = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -33,3 +32,4 @@ prometheus-endpoint = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 async-trait = { workspace = true }
 bitvec = { features = ["alloc"], workspace = true }
+strum = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/errors.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/errors.rs
index 8e1b515c8db0acc4ff30727ed0986c6322d941ce..8770f3a3d9a1affa2ca1a211ac434e260f08389f 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/errors.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/errors.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 //! Error types for the subsystem requests.
 
-use crate::JaegerError;
 use ::orchestra::OrchestraError as OverseerError;
 use fatality::fatality;
 
@@ -109,9 +108,6 @@ pub enum SubsystemError {
 	#[error(transparent)]
 	Prometheus(#[from] prometheus_endpoint::PrometheusError),
 
-	#[error(transparent)]
-	Jaeger(#[from] JaegerError),
-
 	#[error("Failed to {0}")]
 	Context(String),
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/lib.rs
index cd39aa03e56736399ab491705cc9568a52b2784e..cde6bba18e7aae23d57e70dc1c78212ffdfc9431 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/lib.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
 
 use smallvec::SmallVec;
-use std::{fmt, sync::Arc};
+use std::fmt;
 
 pub use polkadot_primitives::{Block, BlockNumber, Hash};
 
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ pub mod messages;
 mod runtime_client;
 pub use runtime_client::{ChainApiBackend, DefaultSubsystemClient, RuntimeApiSubsystemClient};
 
-pub use jaeger::*;
-pub use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
-
 /// How many slots are stack-reserved for active leaves updates
 ///
 /// If there are fewer than this number of slots, then we've wasted some stack space.
@@ -60,11 +57,6 @@ pub struct ActivatedLeaf {
 	pub number: BlockNumber,
 	/// A handle to unpin the block on drop.
 	pub unpin_handle: UnpinHandle,
-	/// An associated [`jaeger::Span`].
-	///
-	/// NOTE: Each span should only be kept active as long as the leaf is considered active and
-	/// should be dropped when the leaf is deactivated.
-	pub span: Arc<jaeger::Span>,
 }
 
 /// Changes in the set of active leaves: the parachain heads which we care to work on.
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/messages.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/messages.rs
index 41691a83c4aae03462690b2d4f1cdebbc8b48f8e..ba1ba5755be0fe53de9e07b287c84e182968bbc8 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/messages.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/messages.rs
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 use futures::channel::oneshot;
 use sc_network::{Multiaddr, ReputationChange};
+use strum::EnumIter;
 use thiserror::Error;
 
 pub use sc_network::IfDisconnected;
@@ -51,9 +52,9 @@ use polkadot_primitives::{
 	CandidateIndex, CollatorId, CoreIndex, DisputeState, ExecutorParams, GroupIndex,
 	GroupRotationInfo, Hash, HeadData, Header as BlockHeader, Id as ParaId, InboundDownwardMessage,
 	InboundHrmpMessage, MultiDisputeStatementSet, NodeFeatures, OccupiedCoreAssumption,
-	PersistedValidationData, PvfCheckStatement, PvfExecKind, SessionIndex, SessionInfo,
-	SignedAvailabilityBitfield, SignedAvailabilityBitfields, ValidationCode, ValidationCodeHash,
-	ValidatorId, ValidatorIndex, ValidatorSignature,
+	PersistedValidationData, PvfCheckStatement, PvfExecKind as RuntimePvfExecKind, SessionIndex,
+	SessionInfo, SignedAvailabilityBitfield, SignedAvailabilityBitfields, ValidationCode,
+	ValidationCodeHash, ValidatorId, ValidatorIndex, ValidatorSignature,
 };
 use polkadot_statement_table::v2::Misbehavior;
 use std::{
@@ -146,28 +147,6 @@ pub enum PreCheckOutcome {
 /// or `Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid)`.
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum CandidateValidationMessage {
-	/// Validate a candidate with provided parameters using relay-chain state.
-	///
-	/// This will implicitly attempt to gather the `PersistedValidationData` and `ValidationCode`
-	/// from the runtime API of the chain, based on the `relay_parent`
-	/// of the `CandidateReceipt`.
-	///
-	/// This will also perform checking of validation outputs against the acceptance criteria.
-	///
-	/// If there is no state available which can provide this data or the core for
-	/// the para is not free at the relay-parent, an error is returned.
-	ValidateFromChainState {
-		/// The candidate receipt
-		candidate_receipt: CandidateReceipt,
-		/// The proof-of-validity
-		pov: Arc<PoV>,
-		/// Session's executor parameters
-		executor_params: ExecutorParams,
-		/// Execution kind, used for timeouts and retries (backing/approvals)
-		exec_kind: PvfExecKind,
-		/// The sending side of the response channel
-		response_sender: oneshot::Sender<Result<ValidationResult, ValidationFailed>>,
-	},
 	/// Validate a candidate with provided, exhaustive parameters for validation.
 	///
 	/// Explicitly provide the `PersistedValidationData` and `ValidationCode` so this can do full
@@ -208,6 +187,45 @@ pub enum CandidateValidationMessage {
 	},
 }
 
+/// Extends primitives::PvfExecKind, which is a runtime parameter we don't want to change,
+/// to separate and prioritize execution jobs by request type.
+/// The order is important, because we iterate through the values and assume it is going from higher
+/// to lowest priority.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, EnumIter)]
+pub enum PvfExecKind {
+	/// For dispute requests
+	Dispute,
+	/// For approval requests
+	Approval,
+	/// For backing requests from system parachains.
+	BackingSystemParas,
+	/// For backing requests.
+	Backing,
+}
+
+impl PvfExecKind {
+	/// Converts priority level to &str
+	pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
+		match *self {
+			Self::Dispute => "dispute",
+			Self::Approval => "approval",
+			Self::BackingSystemParas => "backing_system_paras",
+			Self::Backing => "backing",
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<PvfExecKind> for RuntimePvfExecKind {
+	fn from(exec: PvfExecKind) -> Self {
+		match exec {
+			PvfExecKind::Dispute => RuntimePvfExecKind::Approval,
+			PvfExecKind::Approval => RuntimePvfExecKind::Approval,
+			PvfExecKind::BackingSystemParas => RuntimePvfExecKind::Backing,
+			PvfExecKind::Backing => RuntimePvfExecKind::Backing,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 /// Messages received by the Collator Protocol subsystem.
 #[derive(Debug, derive_more::From)]
 pub enum CollatorProtocolMessage {
@@ -959,6 +977,103 @@ pub struct BlockDescription {
 	pub candidates: Vec<CandidateHash>,
 }
 
+/// Message to the approval voting parallel subsystem running both approval-distribution and
+/// approval-voting logic in parallel. This is a combination of all the messages ApprovalVoting and
+/// ApprovalDistribution subsystems can receive.
+///
+/// The reason this exists is, so that we can keep both modes of running in the same polkadot
+/// binary, based on the value of `--approval-voting-parallel-enabled`, we decide if we run with two
+/// different subsystems for approval-distribution and approval-voting or run the approval-voting
+/// parallel which has several parallel workers for the approval-distribution and a worker for
+/// approval-voting.
+///
+/// This is meant to be a temporary state until we can safely remove running the two subsystems
+/// individually.
+#[derive(Debug, derive_more::From)]
+pub enum ApprovalVotingParallelMessage {
+	/// Gets mapped into `ApprovalVotingMessage::ApprovedAncestor`
+	ApprovedAncestor(Hash, BlockNumber, oneshot::Sender<Option<HighestApprovedAncestorBlock>>),
+
+	/// Gets mapped into `ApprovalVotingMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate`
+	GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(
+		CandidateHash,
+		oneshot::Sender<HashMap<ValidatorIndex, (Vec<CandidateHash>, ValidatorSignature)>>,
+	),
+	/// Gets mapped into `ApprovalDistributionMessage::NewBlocks`
+	NewBlocks(Vec<BlockApprovalMeta>),
+	/// Gets mapped into `ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeAssignment`
+	DistributeAssignment(IndirectAssignmentCertV2, CandidateBitfield),
+	/// Gets mapped into `ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeApproval`
+	DistributeApproval(IndirectSignedApprovalVoteV2),
+	/// An update from the network bridge, gets mapped into
+	/// `ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate`
+	#[from]
+	NetworkBridgeUpdate(NetworkBridgeEvent<net_protocol::ApprovalDistributionMessage>),
+
+	/// Gets mapped into `ApprovalDistributionMessage::GetApprovalSignatures`
+	GetApprovalSignatures(
+		HashSet<(Hash, CandidateIndex)>,
+		oneshot::Sender<HashMap<ValidatorIndex, (Hash, Vec<CandidateIndex>, ValidatorSignature)>>,
+	),
+	/// Gets mapped into `ApprovalDistributionMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate`
+	ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(BlockNumber),
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<ApprovalVotingParallelMessage> for ApprovalVotingMessage {
+	type Error = ();
+
+	fn try_from(msg: ApprovalVotingParallelMessage) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+		match msg {
+			ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovedAncestor(hash, number, tx) =>
+				Ok(ApprovalVotingMessage::ApprovedAncestor(hash, number, tx)),
+			ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(candidate, tx) =>
+				Ok(ApprovalVotingMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate(candidate, tx)),
+			_ => Err(()),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<ApprovalVotingParallelMessage> for ApprovalDistributionMessage {
+	type Error = ();
+
+	fn try_from(msg: ApprovalVotingParallelMessage) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+		match msg {
+			ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NewBlocks(blocks) =>
+				Ok(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NewBlocks(blocks)),
+			ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeAssignment(assignment, claimed_cores) =>
+				Ok(ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeAssignment(assignment, claimed_cores)),
+			ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeApproval(vote) =>
+				Ok(ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeApproval(vote)),
+			ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(msg) =>
+				Ok(ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(msg)),
+			ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(candidate_indicies, tx) =>
+				Ok(ApprovalDistributionMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(candidate_indicies, tx)),
+			ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag) =>
+				Ok(ApprovalDistributionMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag)),
+			_ => Err(()),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<ApprovalDistributionMessage> for ApprovalVotingParallelMessage {
+	fn from(msg: ApprovalDistributionMessage) -> Self {
+		match msg {
+			ApprovalDistributionMessage::NewBlocks(blocks) =>
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NewBlocks(blocks),
+			ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeAssignment(cert, bitfield) =>
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeAssignment(cert, bitfield),
+			ApprovalDistributionMessage::DistributeApproval(vote) =>
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::DistributeApproval(vote),
+			ApprovalDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(msg) =>
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(msg),
+			ApprovalDistributionMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(candidate_indicies, tx) =>
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignatures(candidate_indicies, tx),
+			ApprovalDistributionMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag) =>
+				ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate(lag),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 /// Response type to `ApprovalVotingMessage::ApprovedAncestor`.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct HighestApprovedAncestorBlock {
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/runtime_client.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/runtime_client.rs
index 5dd7c97a9fdcfbdb0166aa2058d7069ed9b98717..4b96009f44bf89ca2365f82f6303c7e48e1aacdb 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/runtime_client.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-types/src/runtime_client.rs
@@ -649,7 +649,8 @@ where
 	fn number(
 		&self,
 		hash: Block::Hash,
-	) -> sc_client_api::blockchain::Result<Option<<<Block as BlockT>::Header as HeaderT>::Number>> {
+	) -> sc_client_api::blockchain::Result<Option<<<Block as BlockT>::Header as HeaderT>::Number>>
+	{
 		self.client.number(hash)
 	}
 
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem-util/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/subsystem-util/Cargo.toml
index a7157d1b5b7f46627665fb96d97f28c95fb105ec..d12daa57205521243251200fabc4aead5286e023 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem-util/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem-util/Cargo.toml
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ schnellru = { workspace = true }
 polkadot-erasure-coding = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-subsystem = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-subsystem-types = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-node-jaeger = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-metrics = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-network-protocol = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ assert_matches = { workspace = true }
 futures = { features = ["thread-pool"], workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-subsystem-test-helpers = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 polkadot-primitives-test-helpers = { workspace = true }
 kvdb-shared-tests = { workspace = true }
 tempfile = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/subsystem/Cargo.toml
index 8edfea9e26bf5d2176b672c9d24bb1e0251b33ae..ce4bceec7336e59efdee79ecc2c88293d66bfa67 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,4 +12,3 @@ workspace = true
 [dependencies]
 polkadot-overseer = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 polkadot-node-subsystem-types = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-node-jaeger = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/subsystem/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/subsystem/src/lib.rs
index 8b407c75a0c82722419920e3288e2f83d8fb8419..bde5a623c476fbbae50732b96ba1cfbae955699a 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/subsystem/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/subsystem/src/lib.rs
@@ -21,9 +21,6 @@
 #![deny(missing_docs)]
 #![deny(unused_crate_dependencies)]
 
-pub use jaeger::*;
-pub use polkadot_node_jaeger as jaeger;
-
 pub use polkadot_overseer::{self as overseer, *};
 
 pub use polkadot_node_subsystem_types::{
diff --git a/polkadot/node/test/service/src/chain_spec.rs b/polkadot/node/test/service/src/chain_spec.rs
index 00d62af0b2734088a6f99503a3ae034d90c65c6b..ae4e84b7725e50348a2d635e0e340614dd445043 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/test/service/src/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/test/service/src/chain_spec.rs
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ use polkadot_primitives::{
 	AccountId, AssignmentId, SchedulerParams, ValidatorId, MAX_CODE_SIZE, MAX_POV_SIZE,
 };
 use polkadot_service::chain_spec::Extensions;
-pub use polkadot_service::chain_spec::{get_account_id_from_seed, get_from_seed};
 use polkadot_test_runtime::BABE_GENESIS_EPOCH_CONFIG;
 use sc_chain_spec::{ChainSpec, ChainType};
 use sc_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId as GrandpaId;
 use sp_authority_discovery::AuthorityId as AuthorityDiscoveryId;
 use sp_consensus_babe::AuthorityId as BabeId;
-use sp_core::sr25519;
+use sp_core::{crypto::get_public_from_string_or_panic, sr25519};
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use sp_runtime::Perbill;
 use test_runtime_constants::currency::DOTS;
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub fn polkadot_local_testnet_config() -> PolkadotChainSpec {
 pub fn polkadot_local_testnet_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 	polkadot_testnet_genesis(
 		vec![get_authority_keys_from_seed("Alice"), get_authority_keys_from_seed("Bob")],
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		None,
 	)
 }
@@ -75,31 +75,18 @@ fn get_authority_keys_from_seed(
 	seed: &str,
 ) -> (AccountId, AccountId, BabeId, GrandpaId, ValidatorId, AssignmentId, AuthorityDiscoveryId) {
 	(
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<BabeId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<GrandpaId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<ValidatorId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<AssignmentId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)).into(),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<BabeId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<GrandpaId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<ValidatorId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<AssignmentId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
 	)
 }
 
 fn testnet_accounts() -> Vec<AccountId> {
-	vec![
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
-	]
+	Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect()
 }
 
 /// Helper function to create polkadot `RuntimeGenesisConfig` for testing
diff --git a/polkadot/node/test/service/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/test/service/src/lib.rs
index b12387884861fd5694bc82884a8543c379ead50a..aa7295dddc5d2f6b904f86ed1c646ad871db6815 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/test/service/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/test/service/src/lib.rs
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ pub fn new_full<OverseerGenerator: OverseerGen>(
 					is_parachain_node,
 					enable_beefy: true,
 					force_authoring_backoff: false,
-					jaeger_agent: None,
 					telemetry_worker_handle: None,
 					node_version: None,
 					secure_validator_mode: false,
@@ -101,6 +100,7 @@ pub fn new_full<OverseerGenerator: OverseerGen>(
 					execute_workers_max_num: None,
 					prepare_workers_hard_max_num: None,
 					prepare_workers_soft_max_num: None,
+					enable_approval_voting_parallel: false,
 				},
 			),
 		sc_network::config::NetworkBackendType::Litep2p =>
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ pub fn new_full<OverseerGenerator: OverseerGen>(
 					is_parachain_node,
 					enable_beefy: true,
 					force_authoring_backoff: false,
-					jaeger_agent: None,
 					telemetry_worker_handle: None,
 					node_version: None,
 					secure_validator_mode: false,
@@ -123,6 +122,7 @@ pub fn new_full<OverseerGenerator: OverseerGen>(
 					execute_workers_max_num: None,
 					prepare_workers_hard_max_num: None,
 					prepare_workers_soft_max_num: None,
+					enable_approval_voting_parallel: false,
 				},
 			),
 	}
diff --git a/polkadot/node/zombienet-backchannel/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/node/zombienet-backchannel/Cargo.toml
index a9bf1f5ef093a905de7ca96c515a5a1b2c9cd17b..56c49a1ec305e17e949c71104bd659bdb5c379a6 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/zombienet-backchannel/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/node/zombienet-backchannel/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ tokio = { features = ["macros", "net", "rt-multi-thread", "sync"], workspace = t
 url = { workspace = true }
 tokio-tungstenite = { workspace = true }
 futures-util = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 reqwest = { features = ["rustls-tls"], workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/node/zombienet-backchannel/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/node/zombienet-backchannel/src/lib.rs
index 9068b03399ca5180ec17a03669be3ea25fc3c5db..080dcf1c2b75dce91b9fd38af59fadfbd7dc63bb 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/zombienet-backchannel/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/node/zombienet-backchannel/src/lib.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 
 use codec;
 use futures_util::{SinkExt, StreamExt};
-use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::{env, sync::Mutex};
 use tokio::sync::broadcast;
@@ -30,9 +29,7 @@ use tokio_tungstenite::{connect_async, tungstenite::protocol::Message};
 mod errors;
 use errors::BackchannelError;
 
-lazy_static! {
-	pub static ref ZOMBIENET_BACKCHANNEL: Mutex<Option<ZombienetBackchannel>> = Mutex::new(None);
-}
+pub static ZOMBIENET_BACKCHANNEL: Mutex<Option<ZombienetBackchannel>> = Mutex::new(None);
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct ZombienetBackchannel {
diff --git a/polkadot/parachain/test-parachains/adder/collator/src/main.rs b/polkadot/parachain/test-parachains/adder/collator/src/main.rs
index e8588274df27aad40820d0a73e70ec5d24a89fb6..416e58b0a8ac6868213a2b0f165a934ad5357c66 100644
--- a/polkadot/parachain/test-parachains/adder/collator/src/main.rs
+++ b/polkadot/parachain/test-parachains/adder/collator/src/main.rs
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 						),
 						enable_beefy: false,
 						force_authoring_backoff: false,
-						jaeger_agent: None,
 						telemetry_worker_handle: None,
 
 						// Collators don't spawn PVF workers, so we can disable version checks.
@@ -98,6 +97,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 						execute_workers_max_num: None,
 						prepare_workers_hard_max_num: None,
 						prepare_workers_soft_max_num: None,
+						enable_approval_voting_parallel: false,
 					},
 				)
 				.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
diff --git a/polkadot/parachain/test-parachains/undying/collator/src/main.rs b/polkadot/parachain/test-parachains/undying/collator/src/main.rs
index 7198a831a4771b1a70de4180149ce81ffe6f5412..017eefe5ee31e1695272ac63ad43567604152f03 100644
--- a/polkadot/parachain/test-parachains/undying/collator/src/main.rs
+++ b/polkadot/parachain/test-parachains/undying/collator/src/main.rs
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 						),
 						enable_beefy: false,
 						force_authoring_backoff: false,
-						jaeger_agent: None,
 						telemetry_worker_handle: None,
 
 						// Collators don't spawn PVF workers, so we can disable version checks.
@@ -100,6 +99,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 						execute_workers_max_num: None,
 						prepare_workers_hard_max_num: None,
 						prepare_workers_soft_max_num: None,
+						enable_approval_voting_parallel: false,
 					},
 				)
 				.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
diff --git a/polkadot/primitives/src/runtime_api.rs b/polkadot/primitives/src/runtime_api.rs
index ddebe99e6214e4393e7ea589ecaa5203f917dcd9..3c90c050baed1d9ff6b8239b0d69fa3dc14b16f5 100644
--- a/polkadot/primitives/src/runtime_api.rs
+++ b/polkadot/primitives/src/runtime_api.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 //!
 //! Let's see a quick example:
 //!
-//! ```rust(ignore)
+//! ```nocompile
 //! sp_api::decl_runtime_apis! {
 //! 	#[api_version(2)]
 //! 	pub trait MyApi {
diff --git a/polkadot/primitives/src/v8/metrics.rs b/polkadot/primitives/src/v8/metrics.rs
index 1d66c9848a7c4016a86f5ed1eb85e880b35bba91..409efc86bc9b9787e53e642dc925798c91c8c078 100644
--- a/polkadot/primitives/src/v8/metrics.rs
+++ b/polkadot/primitives/src/v8/metrics.rs
@@ -91,18 +91,6 @@ pub type RuntimeMetricLabelValue = RuntimeMetricLabel;
 /// A set of metric label values.
 pub type RuntimeMetricLabelValues = RuntimeMetricLabels;
 
-/// Trait for converting Vec<u8> to `&str`.
-pub trait AsStr {
-	/// Return a str reference.
-	fn as_str(&self) -> Option<&str>;
-}
-
-impl AsStr for RuntimeMetricLabel {
-	fn as_str(&self) -> Option<&str> {
-		alloc::str::from_utf8(&self.0).ok()
-	}
-}
-
 impl From<&'static str> for RuntimeMetricLabel {
 	fn from(s: &'static str) -> Self {
 		Self(s.as_bytes().to_vec())
diff --git a/polkadot/primitives/src/vstaging/mod.rs b/polkadot/primitives/src/vstaging/mod.rs
index 2579b81c657cf4f64eccfbdc7d417246cb806a9f..29bf98ed9cc13d4d41bc5edc688b1cc38b3107c3 100644
--- a/polkadot/primitives/src/vstaging/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/primitives/src/vstaging/mod.rs
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ pub enum CandidateReceiptError {
 
 macro_rules! impl_getter {
 	($field:ident, $type:ident) => {
-		/// Returns the value of `$field`` field.
+		/// Returns the value of `$field` field.
 		pub fn $field(&self) -> $type {
 			self.$field
 		}
diff --git a/polkadot/roadmap/implementers-guide/src/node/approval/approval-voting-parallel.md b/polkadot/roadmap/implementers-guide/src/node/approval/approval-voting-parallel.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..84661b7bf9b35fe698d37beb809836117ed4696f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/polkadot/roadmap/implementers-guide/src/node/approval/approval-voting-parallel.md
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Approval voting parallel
+
+The approval-voting-parallel subsystem acts as an orchestrator for the tasks handled by the [Approval Voting](approval-voting.md)
+and [Approval Distribution](approval-distribution.md) subsystems. Initially, these two systems operated separately and interacted
+with each other and other subsystems through orchestra.
+
+With approval-voting-parallel, we have a single subsystem that creates two types of workers:
+- Four approval-distribution workers that operate in parallel, each handling tasks based on the validator_index of the message
+  originator.
+- One approval-voting worker that performs the tasks previously managed by the standalone approval-voting subsystem.
+
+This subsystem does not maintain any state. Instead, it functions as an orchestrator that:
+- Spawns and initializes each workers.
+- Forwards each message and signal to the appropriate worker.
+- Aggregates results for messages that require input from more than one worker, such as GetApprovalSignatures.
+
+## Forwarding logic
+
+The messages received and forwarded by approval-voting-parallel split in three categories:
+- Signals which need to be forwarded to all workers.
+- Messages that only the `approval-voting` worker needs to handle, `ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovedAncestor`
+  and   `ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::GetApprovalSignaturesForCandidate`
+- Control messages  that all `approval-distribution` workers need to receive `ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NewBlocks`,
+  `ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::ApprovalCheckingLagUpdate`  and all network bridge variants `ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate`
+  except `ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage)`
+- Data messages `ApprovalVotingParallelMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdate(NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage)`  which need to be sent
+  just to a single `approval-distribution`  worker based on the ValidatorIndex. The logic for assigning the work is:
+  ```
+  assigned_worker_index = validator_index % number_of_workers;
+  ```
diff --git a/polkadot/roadmap/implementers-guide/src/types/overseer-protocol.md b/polkadot/roadmap/implementers-guide/src/types/overseer-protocol.md
index 317f339ddd4e972fcce89354efac3bf27712f313..6e24d969dde4b6f2d6dfca9a001fac3e81519e7d 100644
--- a/polkadot/roadmap/implementers-guide/src/types/overseer-protocol.md
+++ b/polkadot/roadmap/implementers-guide/src/types/overseer-protocol.md
@@ -901,22 +901,6 @@ const APPROVAL_EXECUTION_TIMEOUT: Duration = 6 seconds;
 /// or `Ok(ValidationResult::Invalid)`.
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum CandidateValidationMessage {
-    /// Validate a candidate with provided parameters using relay-chain state.
-    ///
-    /// This will implicitly attempt to gather the `PersistedValidationData` and `ValidationCode`
-    /// from the runtime API of the chain, based on the `relay_parent`
-    /// of the `CandidateDescriptor`.
-    ///
-    /// This will also perform checking of validation outputs against the acceptance criteria.
-    ///
-    /// If there is no state available which can provide this data or the core for
-    /// the para is not free at the relay-parent, an error is returned.
-    ValidateFromChainState(
-        CandidateDescriptor,
-        Arc<PoV>,
-        Duration, // Execution timeout.
-        oneshot::Sender<Result<ValidationResult, ValidationFailed>>,
-    ),
     /// Validate a candidate with provided, exhaustive parameters for validation.
     ///
     /// Explicitly provide the `PersistedValidationData` and `ValidationCode` so this can do full
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/common/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/runtime/common/Cargo.toml
index cda6f3240dd2e4e6460471372a5536fa8cc2307d..ad082f179b2f008354bf073171912309ff7a0bb1 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/common/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/common/Cargo.toml
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ sp-runtime = { features = ["serde"], workspace = true }
 sp-session = { workspace = true }
 sp-staking = { features = ["serde"], workspace = true }
 sp-core = { features = ["serde"], workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-npos-elections = { features = ["serde"], workspace = true }
 
 pallet-authorship = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/common/src/purchase.rs b/polkadot/runtime/common/src/purchase.rs
index 9cbb907536d94769afbc5825ead2942c71c811ca..cec92540654cc8567ebc8aef297cd987ca235e11 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/common/src/purchase.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/common/src/purchase.rs
@@ -479,7 +479,8 @@ where
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 
-	use sp_core::{crypto::AccountId32, ed25519, Pair, Public, H256};
+	use sp_core::{crypto::AccountId32, H256};
+	use sp_keyring::{Ed25519Keyring, Sr25519Keyring};
 	// The testing primitives are very useful for avoiding having to work with signatures
 	// or public keys. `u64` is used as the `AccountId` and no `Signature`s are required.
 	use crate::purchase;
@@ -488,10 +489,9 @@ mod tests {
 		traits::{Currency, WithdrawReasons},
 	};
 	use sp_runtime::{
-		traits::{BlakeTwo256, Dispatchable, IdentifyAccount, Identity, IdentityLookup, Verify},
+		traits::{BlakeTwo256, Dispatchable, Identity, IdentityLookup},
 		ArithmeticError, BuildStorage,
 		DispatchError::BadOrigin,
-		MultiSignature,
 	};
 
 	type Block = frame_system::mocking::MockBlock<Test>;
@@ -602,33 +602,16 @@ mod tests {
 		Balances::make_free_balance_be(&payment_account(), 100_000);
 	}
 
-	type AccountPublic = <MultiSignature as Verify>::Signer;
-
-	/// Helper function to generate a crypto pair from seed
-	fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-		TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-			.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-			.public()
-	}
-
-	/// Helper function to generate an account ID from seed
-	fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-	where
-		AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-	{
-		AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-	}
-
 	fn alice() -> AccountId {
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice")
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id()
 	}
 
 	fn alice_ed25519() -> AccountId {
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<ed25519::Public>("Alice")
+		Ed25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id()
 	}
 
 	fn bob() -> AccountId {
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob")
+		Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id()
 	}
 
 	fn alice_signature() -> [u8; 64] {
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/configuration.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/configuration.rs
index 30fe95883e77f2cf09ada2a14ced20b93a7d1988..36888247580e75c51238afc127f6ab81c233bdd1 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/configuration.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/configuration.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::{
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	ApprovalVotingParams, AsyncBackingParams, Balance, ExecutorParamError, ExecutorParams,
 	NodeFeatures, SessionIndex, LEGACY_MIN_BACKING_VOTES, MAX_CODE_SIZE, MAX_HEAD_DATA_SIZE,
-	MAX_POV_SIZE, ON_DEMAND_MAX_QUEUE_MAX_SIZE,
+	ON_DEMAND_MAX_QUEUE_MAX_SIZE,
 };
 use sp_runtime::{traits::Zero, Perbill, Percent};
 
@@ -46,6 +46,10 @@ use polkadot_primitives::SchedulerParams;
 
 const LOG_TARGET: &str = "runtime::configuration";
 
+// This value is derived from network layer limits. See `sc_network::MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE` and
+// `polkadot_node_network_protocol::POV_RESPONSE_SIZE`.
+const POV_SIZE_HARD_LIMIT: u32 = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+
 /// All configuration of the runtime with respect to paras.
 #[derive(
 	Clone,
@@ -310,7 +314,7 @@ pub enum InconsistentError<BlockNumber> {
 	MaxCodeSizeExceedHardLimit { max_code_size: u32 },
 	/// `max_head_data_size` exceeds the hard limit of `MAX_HEAD_DATA_SIZE`.
 	MaxHeadDataSizeExceedHardLimit { max_head_data_size: u32 },
-	/// `max_pov_size` exceeds the hard limit of `MAX_POV_SIZE`.
+	/// `max_pov_size` exceeds the hard limit of `POV_SIZE_HARD_LIMIT`.
 	MaxPovSizeExceedHardLimit { max_pov_size: u32 },
 	/// `minimum_validation_upgrade_delay` is less than `paras_availability_period`.
 	MinimumValidationUpgradeDelayLessThanChainAvailabilityPeriod {
@@ -377,7 +381,7 @@ where
 			})
 		}
 
-		if self.max_pov_size > MAX_POV_SIZE {
+		if self.max_pov_size > POV_SIZE_HARD_LIMIT {
 			return Err(MaxPovSizeExceedHardLimit { max_pov_size: self.max_pov_size })
 		}
 
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/configuration/tests.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/configuration/tests.rs
index dad8b6458e10ae16868d4354054ad80923f548d0..0d20399e471ba7b66f93e0f46dfe7f1a3677ef84 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/configuration/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/configuration/tests.rs
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ fn invariants() {
 		);
 
 		assert_err!(
-			Configuration::set_max_pov_size(RuntimeOrigin::root(), MAX_POV_SIZE + 1),
+			Configuration::set_max_pov_size(RuntimeOrigin::root(), POV_SIZE_HARD_LIMIT + 1),
 			Error::<Test>::InvalidNewValue
 		);
 
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/hrmp.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/hrmp.rs
index b149404b41b8716173d57b0dfa37a777618946db..220543f00ec33535dbbf2eef7da61c396a182092 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/hrmp.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/hrmp.rs
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			outgoing_paras.len() as u32
 		))
 		.saturating_add(<T as Config>::WeightInfo::force_process_hrmp_close(
-			outgoing_paras.len() as u32
+			outgoing_paras.len() as u32,
 		))
 	}
 
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/inclusion/mod.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/inclusion/mod.rs
index 79029952e7c14a619ee09d1a70ba9c9fe4329c70..36f874b8db1e9bb015657cc7b2628e64ee75443b 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/inclusion/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/inclusion/mod.rs
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ pub(crate) enum UmpAcceptanceCheckErr {
 	/// Currenly only one such message is allowed.
 	TooManyUMPSignals { count: u32 },
 	/// The UMP queue contains an invalid `UMPSignal`
-	InvalidUMPSignal,
+	NoUmpSignal,
 }
 
 impl fmt::Debug for UmpAcceptanceCheckErr {
@@ -474,10 +474,10 @@ impl fmt::Debug for UmpAcceptanceCheckErr {
 				write!(fmt, "upward message rejected because the para is off-boarding")
 			},
 			UmpAcceptanceCheckErr::TooManyUMPSignals { count } => {
-				write!(fmt, "the ump queue has too many `UMPSignal` mesages ({} > 1 )", count)
+				write!(fmt, "the ump queue has too many `UMPSignal` messages ({} > 1 )", count)
 			},
-			UmpAcceptanceCheckErr::InvalidUMPSignal => {
-				write!(fmt, "the ump queue contains an invalid UMP signal")
+			UmpAcceptanceCheckErr::NoUmpSignal => {
+				write!(fmt, "Required UMP signal not found")
 			},
 		}
 	}
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	) -> Result<(), UmpAcceptanceCheckErr> {
 		// Filter any pending UMP signals and the separator.
 		let upward_messages = if let Some(separator_index) =
-			upward_messages.iter().rposition(|message| message.is_empty())
+			upward_messages.iter().position(|message| message.is_empty())
 		{
 			let (upward_messages, ump_signals) = upward_messages.split_at(separator_index);
 
@@ -959,7 +959,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			}
 
 			if ump_signals.len() == 1 {
-				return Err(UmpAcceptanceCheckErr::InvalidUMPSignal)
+				return Err(UmpAcceptanceCheckErr::NoUmpSignal)
 			}
 
 			upward_messages
@@ -1025,9 +1025,8 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			.take_while(|message| !message.is_empty())
 			.filter_map(|d| {
 				BoundedSlice::try_from(&d[..])
-					.map_err(|e| {
+					.inspect_err(|_| {
 						defensive!("Accepted candidate contains too long msg, len=", d.len());
-						e
 					})
 					.ok()
 			})
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/paras_inherent/mod.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/paras_inherent/mod.rs
index a581d31d8a85ee4c8642ede4816d6a889762ed64..2aca0f2c728a8bf8b962d116de1b572af0fe42d9 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/paras_inherent/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/paras_inherent/mod.rs
@@ -1297,18 +1297,19 @@ fn filter_backed_statements_from_disabled_validators<
 
 		// Get relay parent block number of the candidate. We need this to get the group index
 		// assigned to this core at this block number
-		let relay_parent_block_number =
-			match allowed_relay_parents.acquire_info(bc.descriptor().relay_parent(), None) {
-				Some((_, block_num)) => block_num,
-				None => {
-					log::debug!(
-						target: LOG_TARGET,
-						"Relay parent {:?} for candidate is not in the allowed relay parents. Dropping the candidate.",
-						bc.descriptor().relay_parent()
-					);
-					return false
-				},
-			};
+		let relay_parent_block_number = match allowed_relay_parents
+			.acquire_info(bc.descriptor().relay_parent(), None)
+		{
+			Some((_, block_num)) => block_num,
+			None => {
+				log::debug!(
+					target: LOG_TARGET,
+					"Relay parent {:?} for candidate is not in the allowed relay parents. Dropping the candidate.",
+					bc.descriptor().relay_parent()
+				);
+				return false
+			},
+		};
 
 		// Get the group index for the core
 		let group_idx = match scheduler::Pallet::<T>::group_assigned_to_core(
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/mod.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/mod.rs
index ed2e95b3cfa989f0c00f32af63f5f3d015b175ae..ad80856e2393e288c07ebc32a6ed16f0b7bde1bd 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/mod.rs
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@
 //! 2. Move methods from `vstaging` to `v3`. The new stable version should include all methods from
 //!    `vstaging` tagged with the new version number (e.g. all `v3` methods).
 
-pub mod v10;
+pub mod v11;
 pub mod vstaging;
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/v10.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/v11.rs
similarity index 90%
rename from polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/v10.rs
rename to polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/v11.rs
index 6004867f9caea79aedb28af72090b070d3086b73..a0996d5df0eec2eade802bf0980e1b4c49c3ce17 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/v10.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/v11.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 //! A module exporting runtime API implementation functions for all runtime APIs using `v5`
 //! primitives.
 //!
-//! Runtimes implementing the v10 runtime API are recommended to forward directly to these
+//! Runtimes implementing the v11 runtime API are recommended to forward directly to these
 //! functions.
 
 use crate::{
@@ -22,7 +22,11 @@ use crate::{
 	scheduler::{self, CoreOccupied},
 	session_info, shared,
 };
-use alloc::{collections::btree_map::BTreeMap, vec, vec::Vec};
+use alloc::{
+	collections::{btree_map::BTreeMap, vec_deque::VecDeque},
+	vec,
+	vec::Vec,
+};
 use frame_support::traits::{GetStorageVersion, StorageVersion};
 use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
@@ -452,16 +456,21 @@ pub fn backing_state<T: initializer::Config>(
 	// Thus, minimum relay parent is ensured to have asynchronous backing enabled.
 	let now = frame_system::Pallet::<T>::block_number();
 
-	// Workaround for issue #64.
-	let allowed_relay_parents =
-		if shared::Pallet::<T>::on_chain_storage_version() == StorageVersion::new(0) {
-			shared::migration::v0::AllowedRelayParents::<T>::get().into()
-		} else {
-			shared::AllowedRelayParents::<T>::get()
-		};
-
-	let min_relay_parent_number = allowed_relay_parents
-		.hypothetical_earliest_block_number(now, config.async_backing_params.allowed_ancestry_len);
+	// Use the right storage depending on version to ensure #64 doesn't cause issues with this
+	// migration.
+	let min_relay_parent_number = if shared::Pallet::<T>::on_chain_storage_version() ==
+		StorageVersion::new(0)
+	{
+		shared::migration::v0::AllowedRelayParents::<T>::get().hypothetical_earliest_block_number(
+			now,
+			config.async_backing_params.allowed_ancestry_len,
+		)
+	} else {
+		shared::AllowedRelayParents::<T>::get().hypothetical_earliest_block_number(
+			now,
+			config.async_backing_params.allowed_ancestry_len,
+		)
+	};
 
 	let required_parent = paras::Heads::<T>::get(para_id)?;
 	let validation_code_hash = paras::CurrentCodeHash::<T>::get(para_id)?;
@@ -556,3 +565,38 @@ pub fn node_features<T: initializer::Config>() -> NodeFeatures {
 pub fn approval_voting_params<T: initializer::Config>() -> ApprovalVotingParams {
 	configuration::ActiveConfig::<T>::get().approval_voting_params
 }
+
+/// Returns the claimqueue from the scheduler
+pub fn claim_queue<T: scheduler::Config>() -> BTreeMap<CoreIndex, VecDeque<ParaId>> {
+	let now = <frame_system::Pallet<T>>::block_number() + One::one();
+
+	// This is needed so that the claim queue always has the right size (equal to
+	// scheduling_lookahead). Otherwise, if a candidate is backed in the same block where the
+	// previous candidate is included, the claim queue will have already pop()-ed the next item
+	// from the queue and the length would be `scheduling_lookahead - 1`.
+	<scheduler::Pallet<T>>::free_cores_and_fill_claim_queue(Vec::new(), now);
+	let config = configuration::ActiveConfig::<T>::get();
+	// Extra sanity, config should already never be smaller than 1:
+	let n_lookahead = config.scheduler_params.lookahead.max(1);
+
+	scheduler::ClaimQueue::<T>::get()
+		.into_iter()
+		.map(|(core_index, entries)| {
+			// on cores timing out internal claim queue size may be temporarily longer than it
+			// should be as the timed out assignment might got pushed back to an already full claim
+			// queue:
+			(
+				core_index,
+				entries.into_iter().map(|e| e.para_id()).take(n_lookahead as usize).collect(),
+			)
+		})
+		.collect()
+}
+
+/// Returns all the candidates that are pending availability for a given `ParaId`.
+/// Deprecates `candidate_pending_availability` in favor of supporting elastic scaling.
+pub fn candidates_pending_availability<T: initializer::Config>(
+	para_id: ParaId,
+) -> Vec<CommittedCandidateReceipt<T::Hash>> {
+	<inclusion::Pallet<T>>::candidates_pending_availability(para_id)
+}
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/vstaging.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/vstaging.rs
index a3440f686e94306399659f844ef31c720e77cad8..d01b543630c31c80747d2d1e80480b931ae86886 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/vstaging.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/runtime_api_impl/vstaging.rs
@@ -15,48 +15,3 @@
 // along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 //! Put implementations of functions from staging APIs here.
-
-use crate::{configuration, inclusion, initializer, scheduler};
-use alloc::{
-	collections::{btree_map::BTreeMap, vec_deque::VecDeque},
-	vec::Vec,
-};
-use polkadot_primitives::{
-	vstaging::CommittedCandidateReceiptV2 as CommittedCandidateReceipt, CoreIndex, Id as ParaId,
-};
-use sp_runtime::traits::One;
-
-/// Returns the claimqueue from the scheduler
-pub fn claim_queue<T: scheduler::Config>() -> BTreeMap<CoreIndex, VecDeque<ParaId>> {
-	let now = <frame_system::Pallet<T>>::block_number() + One::one();
-
-	// This is needed so that the claim queue always has the right size (equal to
-	// scheduling_lookahead). Otherwise, if a candidate is backed in the same block where the
-	// previous candidate is included, the claim queue will have already pop()-ed the next item
-	// from the queue and the length would be `scheduling_lookahead - 1`.
-	<scheduler::Pallet<T>>::free_cores_and_fill_claim_queue(Vec::new(), now);
-	let config = configuration::ActiveConfig::<T>::get();
-	// Extra sanity, config should already never be smaller than 1:
-	let n_lookahead = config.scheduler_params.lookahead.max(1);
-
-	scheduler::ClaimQueue::<T>::get()
-		.into_iter()
-		.map(|(core_index, entries)| {
-			// on cores timing out internal claim queue size may be temporarily longer than it
-			// should be as the timed out assignment might got pushed back to an already full claim
-			// queue:
-			(
-				core_index,
-				entries.into_iter().map(|e| e.para_id()).take(n_lookahead as usize).collect(),
-			)
-		})
-		.collect()
-}
-
-/// Returns all the candidates that are pending availability for a given `ParaId`.
-/// Deprecates `candidate_pending_availability` in favor of supporting elastic scaling.
-pub fn candidates_pending_availability<T: initializer::Config>(
-	para_id: ParaId,
-) -> Vec<CommittedCandidateReceipt<T::Hash>> {
-	<inclusion::Pallet<T>>::candidates_pending_availability(para_id)
-}
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/shared/migration.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/shared/migration.rs
index 43d6249b68463cc1bcc37a2efed31196436d7614..ae0412c6e26cb879374de2a4ba9dc7ff303b6fa4 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/shared/migration.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/shared/migration.rs
@@ -50,6 +50,23 @@ pub mod v0 {
 		pub latest_number: BlockNumber,
 	}
 
+	// Required to workaround #64.
+	impl<Hash: PartialEq + Copy, BlockNumber: AtLeast32BitUnsigned + Copy>
+		AllowedRelayParentsTracker<Hash, BlockNumber>
+	{
+		/// Returns block number of the earliest block the buffer would contain if
+		/// `now` is pushed into it.
+		pub(crate) fn hypothetical_earliest_block_number(
+			&self,
+			now: BlockNumber,
+			max_ancestry_len: u32,
+		) -> BlockNumber {
+			let allowed_ancestry_len = max_ancestry_len.min(self.buffer.len() as u32);
+
+			now - allowed_ancestry_len.into()
+		}
+	}
+
 	impl<Hash, BlockNumber> From<AllowedRelayParentsTracker<Hash, BlockNumber>>
 		for super::AllowedRelayParentsTracker<Hash, BlockNumber>
 	{
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/ump_tests.rs b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/ump_tests.rs
index d6cef850fb6a7759b11b01d0a7f6e190c7cb070b..cd7951ac9aa90cf15821ee60e9d624dbe4058ade 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/ump_tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/parachains/src/ump_tests.rs
@@ -465,10 +465,11 @@ fn verify_relay_dispatch_queue_size_is_externally_accessible() {
 
 fn assert_queue_size(para: ParaId, count: u32, size: u32) {
 	#[allow(deprecated)]
-	let raw_queue_size = sp_io::storage::get(&well_known_keys::relay_dispatch_queue_size(para)).expect(
-		"enqueuing a message should create the dispatch queue\
+	let raw_queue_size = sp_io::storage::get(&well_known_keys::relay_dispatch_queue_size(para))
+		.expect(
+			"enqueuing a message should create the dispatch queue\
 				and it should be accessible via the well known keys",
-	);
+		);
 	let (c, s) = <(u32, u32)>::decode(&mut &raw_queue_size[..])
 		.expect("the dispatch queue size should be decodable into (u32, u32)");
 	assert_eq!((c, s), (count, size));
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/rococo/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/Cargo.toml
index 4aaaf94da5865e8c97406c11e443267733a2280b..7becf6376c349fe3878675dd8800afd859981c99 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/rococo/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/Cargo.toml
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ sp-storage = { workspace = true }
 sp-version = { workspace = true }
 sp-transaction-pool = { workspace = true }
 sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 
 pallet-authority-discovery = { workspace = true }
 pallet-authorship = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
index c237dfd967f6780061c6801d37f7ef01b758cc5c..d609548aed27c580b511ff235f9b52d4ba06e80d 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -23,30 +23,15 @@ use crate::{
 #[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
 use alloc::format;
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
-use polkadot_primitives::{AccountId, AccountPublic, AssignmentId, SchedulerParams, ValidatorId};
+use polkadot_primitives::{AccountId, AssignmentId, SchedulerParams, ValidatorId};
 use rococo_runtime_constants::currency::UNITS as ROC;
 use sp_authority_discovery::AuthorityId as AuthorityDiscoveryId;
 use sp_consensus_babe::AuthorityId as BabeId;
 use sp_consensus_beefy::ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId as BeefyId;
 use sp_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId as GrandpaId;
-use sp_core::{sr25519, Pair, Public};
+use sp_core::{crypto::get_public_from_string_or_panic, sr25519};
 use sp_genesis_builder::PresetId;
-use sp_runtime::traits::IdentifyAccount;
-
-/// Helper function to generate a crypto pair from seed
-fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
-/// Helper function to generate an account ID from seed
-fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 /// Helper function to generate stash, controller and session key from seed
 fn get_authority_keys_from_seed(
@@ -62,7 +47,16 @@ fn get_authority_keys_from_seed(
 	BeefyId,
 ) {
 	let keys = get_authority_keys_from_seed_no_beefy(seed);
-	(keys.0, keys.1, keys.2, keys.3, keys.4, keys.5, keys.6, get_from_seed::<BeefyId>(seed))
+	(
+		keys.0,
+		keys.1,
+		keys.2,
+		keys.3,
+		keys.4,
+		keys.5,
+		keys.6,
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<BeefyId>(seed),
+	)
 }
 
 /// Helper function to generate stash, controller and session key from seed
@@ -70,31 +64,18 @@ fn get_authority_keys_from_seed_no_beefy(
 	seed: &str,
 ) -> (AccountId, AccountId, BabeId, GrandpaId, ValidatorId, AssignmentId, AuthorityDiscoveryId) {
 	(
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<BabeId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<GrandpaId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<ValidatorId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<AssignmentId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)).into(),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<BabeId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<GrandpaId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<ValidatorId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<AssignmentId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
 	)
 }
 
 fn testnet_accounts() -> Vec<AccountId> {
-	Vec::from([
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
-	])
+	Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|x| x.to_account_id()).collect()
 }
 
 fn rococo_session_keys(
@@ -478,7 +459,7 @@ fn rococo_staging_testnet_config_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 fn rococo_development_config_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 	rococo_testnet_genesis(
 		Vec::from([get_authority_keys_from_seed("Alice")]),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		None,
 	)
 }
@@ -487,7 +468,7 @@ fn rococo_development_config_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 fn rococo_local_testnet_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 	rococo_testnet_genesis(
 		Vec::from([get_authority_keys_from_seed("Alice"), get_authority_keys_from_seed("Bob")]),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		None,
 	)
 }
@@ -502,7 +483,7 @@ fn versi_local_testnet_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 			get_authority_keys_from_seed("Charlie"),
 			get_authority_keys_from_seed("Dave"),
 		]),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		None,
 	)
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/lib.rs
index 67b8712dfe0111ed34e3f3fa8c94516f2b7b895c..1b5f7b5157d83479e9004bfcb4c3a5a31bdd8464 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/lib.rs
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ use frame_support::{
 	dynamic_params::{dynamic_pallet_params, dynamic_params},
 	traits::FromContains,
 };
+use pallet_balances::WeightInfo;
 use pallet_nis::WithMaximumOf;
 use polkadot_primitives::{
 	slashing,
@@ -66,9 +67,7 @@ use polkadot_runtime_parachains::{
 	initializer as parachains_initializer, on_demand as parachains_on_demand,
 	origin as parachains_origin, paras as parachains_paras,
 	paras_inherent as parachains_paras_inherent,
-	runtime_api_impl::{
-		v10 as parachains_runtime_api_impl, vstaging as vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl,
-	},
+	runtime_api_impl::v11 as parachains_runtime_api_impl,
 	scheduler as parachains_scheduler, session_info as parachains_session_info,
 	shared as parachains_shared,
 };
@@ -170,7 +169,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("rococo"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("parity-rococo-v2.0"),
 	authoring_version: 0,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 26,
@@ -402,6 +401,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<1>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -1236,6 +1236,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config<NisCounterpartInstance> for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<1>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -1601,6 +1602,8 @@ pub mod migrations {
 		pub const TechnicalMembershipPalletName: &'static str = "TechnicalMembership";
 		pub const TipsPalletName: &'static str = "Tips";
 		pub const PhragmenElectionPalletId: LockIdentifier = *b"phrelect";
+		/// Weight for balance unreservations
+		pub BalanceUnreserveWeight: Weight = weights::pallet_balances_balances::WeightInfo::<Runtime>::force_unreserve();
 	}
 
 	// Special Config for Gov V1 pallets, allowing us to run migrations for them without
@@ -1656,6 +1659,7 @@ pub mod migrations {
         pallet_elections_phragmen::migrations::unlock_and_unreserve_all_funds::UnlockAndUnreserveAllFunds<UnlockConfig>,
         pallet_democracy::migrations::unlock_and_unreserve_all_funds::UnlockAndUnreserveAllFunds<UnlockConfig>,
         pallet_tips::migrations::unreserve_deposits::UnreserveDeposits<UnlockConfig, ()>,
+        pallet_treasury::migration::cleanup_proposals::Migration<Runtime, (), BalanceUnreserveWeight>,
 
         // Delete all Gov v1 pallet storage key/values.
 
@@ -2058,11 +2062,11 @@ sp_api::impl_runtime_apis! {
 		}
 
 		fn claim_queue() -> BTreeMap<CoreIndex, VecDeque<ParaId>> {
-			vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl::claim_queue::<Runtime>()
+			parachains_runtime_api_impl::claim_queue::<Runtime>()
 		}
 
 		fn candidates_pending_availability(para_id: ParaId) -> Vec<CommittedCandidateReceipt<Hash>> {
-			vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl::candidates_pending_availability::<Runtime>(para_id)
+			parachains_runtime_api_impl::candidates_pending_availability::<Runtime>(para_id)
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/tests.rs
index 464a8c4f5454dce32ec43388061c83056f0a260c..01eaad87e342479bec6341944ebc911ab3c73cdd 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/tests.rs
@@ -19,8 +19,11 @@
 use crate::*;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 
+use crate::xcm_config::LocationConverter;
 use frame_support::traits::WhitelistedStorageKeys;
-use sp_core::hexdisplay::HexDisplay;
+use sp_core::{crypto::Ss58Codec, hexdisplay::HexDisplay};
+use sp_keyring::AccountKeyring::Alice;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
 
 #[test]
 fn check_whitelist() {
@@ -61,3 +64,76 @@ mod encoding_tests {
 		assert_eq!(RuntimeHoldReason::Nis(pallet_nis::HoldReason::NftReceipt).encode(), [38, 0]);
 	}
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Child",
+			location: Location::new(0, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Ec4AhP4h37t7TFsAZ4HhFq6k92usAAJDUC3ADSZ4H4Acru3",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(0, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5FjEBrKn3STAFsZpQF4jzwxUYHNGnNgzdZqSQfTzeJ82XKp6",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(
+				0,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(Alice).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EEMro9RRDpne4jn9TuD7cTB6Amv1raVZ3xspSkqb2BF3FJH",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(
+				0,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5HohjXdjs6afcYcgHHSstkrtGfxgfGKsnZ1jtewBpFiGu4DL",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(
+				0,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GenE4vJgHvwYVcD6b4nBvH5HNY4pzpVHWoqwFpNMFT7a2oX",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(
+				0,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DPgGBFTTYm1dGbtB1VWHJ3T3ScvdrskGGx6vSJZNP1WNStV",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationConverter>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/test-runtime/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/runtime/test-runtime/src/lib.rs
index b032315691135a074b406f16decc0d83ff235d38..6ba8e6ad31825c733c287d9ec8f08d5dc71ba162 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/test-runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/test-runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -33,13 +33,11 @@ use pallet_transaction_payment::FungibleAdapter;
 use polkadot_runtime_parachains::{
 	assigner_parachains as parachains_assigner_parachains,
 	configuration as parachains_configuration,
-	configuration::ActiveConfigHrmpChannelSizeAndCapacityRatio,
-	disputes as parachains_disputes,
-	disputes::slashing as parachains_slashing,
-	dmp as parachains_dmp, hrmp as parachains_hrmp, inclusion as parachains_inclusion,
-	initializer as parachains_initializer, origin as parachains_origin, paras as parachains_paras,
-	paras_inherent as parachains_paras_inherent,
-	runtime_api_impl::{v10 as runtime_impl, vstaging as vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl},
+	configuration::ActiveConfigHrmpChannelSizeAndCapacityRatio, disputes as parachains_disputes,
+	disputes::slashing as parachains_slashing, dmp as parachains_dmp, hrmp as parachains_hrmp,
+	inclusion as parachains_inclusion, initializer as parachains_initializer,
+	origin as parachains_origin, paras as parachains_paras,
+	paras_inherent as parachains_paras_inherent, runtime_api_impl::v11 as runtime_impl,
 	scheduler as parachains_scheduler, session_info as parachains_session_info,
 	shared as parachains_shared,
 };
@@ -236,6 +234,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -1003,11 +1002,11 @@ sp_api::impl_runtime_apis! {
 		}
 
 		fn claim_queue() -> BTreeMap<CoreIndex, VecDeque<ParaId>> {
-			vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl::claim_queue::<Runtime>()
+			runtime_impl::claim_queue::<Runtime>()
 		}
 
 		fn candidates_pending_availability(para_id: ParaId) -> Vec<CommittedCandidateReceipt<Hash>> {
-			vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl::candidates_pending_availability::<Runtime>(para_id)
+			runtime_impl::candidates_pending_availability::<Runtime>(para_id)
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/westend/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/runtime/westend/Cargo.toml
index 28ffd9fb150a01ae1786d6938c6d32ad300a4e36..31c04c26ece7b9db20eb525a29f1fec92a21b7b1 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/westend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/westend/Cargo.toml
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ sp-version = { workspace = true }
 sp-transaction-pool = { workspace = true }
 sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
 sp-npos-elections = { workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 
 frame-election-provider-support = { workspace = true }
 frame-executive = { workspace = true }
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ xcm-builder = { workspace = true }
 xcm-runtime-apis = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
+approx = { workspace = true }
 tiny-keccak = { features = ["keccak"], workspace = true }
 sp-keyring = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
index f59bacce31bd11f0d46f72a06865fd55f11846c5..621ef38f0b75c8cde37714745ccef6a937dddb51 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -24,31 +24,17 @@ use crate::{
 use alloc::format;
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 use pallet_staking::{Forcing, StakerStatus};
-use polkadot_primitives::{AccountId, AccountPublic, AssignmentId, SchedulerParams, ValidatorId};
+use polkadot_primitives::{AccountId, AssignmentId, SchedulerParams, ValidatorId};
 use sp_authority_discovery::AuthorityId as AuthorityDiscoveryId;
 use sp_consensus_babe::AuthorityId as BabeId;
 use sp_consensus_beefy::ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId as BeefyId;
 use sp_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId as GrandpaId;
-use sp_core::{sr25519, Pair, Public};
+use sp_core::{crypto::get_public_from_string_or_panic, sr25519};
 use sp_genesis_builder::PresetId;
-use sp_runtime::{traits::IdentifyAccount, Perbill};
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
+use sp_runtime::Perbill;
 use westend_runtime_constants::currency::UNITS as WND;
 
-/// Helper function to generate a crypto pair from seed
-fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
-/// Helper function to generate an account ID from seed
-fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
-
 /// Helper function to generate stash, controller and session key from seed
 fn get_authority_keys_from_seed(
 	seed: &str,
@@ -63,7 +49,16 @@ fn get_authority_keys_from_seed(
 	BeefyId,
 ) {
 	let keys = get_authority_keys_from_seed_no_beefy(seed);
-	(keys.0, keys.1, keys.2, keys.3, keys.4, keys.5, keys.6, get_from_seed::<BeefyId>(seed))
+	(
+		keys.0,
+		keys.1,
+		keys.2,
+		keys.3,
+		keys.4,
+		keys.5,
+		keys.6,
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<BeefyId>(seed),
+	)
 }
 
 /// Helper function to generate stash, controller and session key from seed
@@ -71,31 +66,18 @@ fn get_authority_keys_from_seed_no_beefy(
 	seed: &str,
 ) -> (AccountId, AccountId, BabeId, GrandpaId, ValidatorId, AssignmentId, AuthorityDiscoveryId) {
 	(
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<BabeId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<GrandpaId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<ValidatorId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<AssignmentId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)).into(),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<BabeId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<GrandpaId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<ValidatorId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<AssignmentId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
 	)
 }
 
 fn testnet_accounts() -> Vec<AccountId> {
-	Vec::from([
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
-	])
+	Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect()
 }
 
 fn westend_session_keys(
@@ -420,7 +402,7 @@ fn westend_staging_testnet_config_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 fn westend_development_config_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 	westend_testnet_genesis(
 		Vec::from([get_authority_keys_from_seed("Alice")]),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		None,
 	)
 }
@@ -429,7 +411,7 @@ fn westend_development_config_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 fn westend_local_testnet_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 	westend_testnet_genesis(
 		Vec::from([get_authority_keys_from_seed("Alice"), get_authority_keys_from_seed("Bob")]),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		None,
 	)
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/lib.rs
index 3afb254fcdfcdd225ab05907a6065f3a98f7b676..0216ccaf4917317db42e0ce32620b2f7d8f764ea 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/lib.rs
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ use polkadot_runtime_common::{
 	elections::OnChainAccuracy,
 	identity_migrator, impl_runtime_weights,
 	impls::{
-		relay_era_payout, ContainsParts, EraPayoutParams, LocatableAssetConverter, ToAuthor,
-		VersionedLocatableAsset, VersionedLocationConverter,
+		ContainsParts, LocatableAssetConverter, ToAuthor, VersionedLocatableAsset,
+		VersionedLocationConverter,
 	},
 	paras_registrar, paras_sudo_wrapper, prod_or_fast, slots,
 	traits::OnSwap,
@@ -83,9 +83,7 @@ use polkadot_runtime_parachains::{
 	initializer as parachains_initializer, on_demand as parachains_on_demand,
 	origin as parachains_origin, paras as parachains_paras,
 	paras_inherent as parachains_paras_inherent, reward_points as parachains_reward_points,
-	runtime_api_impl::{
-		v10 as parachains_runtime_api_impl, vstaging as vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl,
-	},
+	runtime_api_impl::v11 as parachains_runtime_api_impl,
 	scheduler as parachains_scheduler, session_info as parachains_session_info,
 	shared as parachains_shared,
 };
@@ -170,7 +168,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("westend"),
 	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("parity-westend"),
 	authoring_version: 2,
-	spec_version: 1_015_000,
+	spec_version: 1_016_001,
 	impl_version: 0,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 	transaction_version: 26,
@@ -401,6 +399,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type MaxFreezes = VariantCountOf<RuntimeFreezeReason>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -682,33 +681,26 @@ impl pallet_bags_list::Config<VoterBagsListInstance> for Runtime {
 pub struct EraPayout;
 impl pallet_staking::EraPayout<Balance> for EraPayout {
 	fn era_payout(
-		total_staked: Balance,
-		total_issuance: Balance,
+		_total_staked: Balance,
+		_total_issuance: Balance,
 		era_duration_millis: u64,
 	) -> (Balance, Balance) {
-		const MILLISECONDS_PER_YEAR: u64 = 1000 * 3600 * 24 * 36525 / 100;
-
-		let params = EraPayoutParams {
-			total_staked,
-			total_stakable: total_issuance,
-			ideal_stake: dynamic_params::inflation::IdealStake::get(),
-			max_annual_inflation: dynamic_params::inflation::MaxInflation::get(),
-			min_annual_inflation: dynamic_params::inflation::MinInflation::get(),
-			falloff: dynamic_params::inflation::Falloff::get(),
-			period_fraction: Perquintill::from_rational(era_duration_millis, MILLISECONDS_PER_YEAR),
-			legacy_auction_proportion: if dynamic_params::inflation::UseAuctionSlots::get() {
-				let auctioned_slots = parachains_paras::Parachains::<Runtime>::get()
-					.into_iter()
-					// all active para-ids that do not belong to a system chain is the number of
-					// parachains that we should take into account for inflation.
-					.filter(|i| *i >= 2000.into())
-					.count() as u64;
-				Some(Perquintill::from_rational(auctioned_slots.min(60), 200u64))
-			} else {
-				None
-			},
-		};
-		relay_era_payout(params)
+		const MILLISECONDS_PER_YEAR: u64 = (1000 * 3600 * 24 * 36525) / 100;
+		// A normal-sized era will have 1 / 365.25 here:
+		let relative_era_len =
+			FixedU128::from_rational(era_duration_millis.into(), MILLISECONDS_PER_YEAR.into());
+
+		// Fixed total TI that we use as baseline for the issuance.
+		let fixed_total_issuance: i128 = 5_216_342_402_773_185_773;
+		let fixed_inflation_rate = FixedU128::from_rational(8, 100);
+		let yearly_emission = fixed_inflation_rate.saturating_mul_int(fixed_total_issuance);
+
+		let era_emission = relative_era_len.saturating_mul_int(yearly_emission);
+		// 15% to treasury, as per Polkadot ref 1139.
+		let to_treasury = FixedU128::from_rational(15, 100).saturating_mul_int(era_emission);
+		let to_stakers = era_emission.saturating_sub(to_treasury);
+
+		(to_stakers.saturated_into(), to_treasury.saturated_into())
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1112,7 +1104,8 @@ impl InstanceFilter<RuntimeCall> for ProxyType {
 				matches!(
 					c,
 					RuntimeCall::Staking(..) |
-						RuntimeCall::Session(..) | RuntimeCall::Utility(..) |
+						RuntimeCall::Session(..) |
+						RuntimeCall::Utility(..) |
 						RuntimeCall::FastUnstake(..) |
 						RuntimeCall::VoterList(..) |
 						RuntimeCall::NominationPools(..)
@@ -2089,11 +2082,11 @@ sp_api::impl_runtime_apis! {
 		}
 
 		fn claim_queue() -> BTreeMap<CoreIndex, VecDeque<ParaId>> {
-			vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl::claim_queue::<Runtime>()
+			parachains_runtime_api_impl::claim_queue::<Runtime>()
 		}
 
 		fn candidates_pending_availability(para_id: ParaId) -> Vec<CommittedCandidateReceipt<Hash>> {
-			vstaging_parachains_runtime_api_impl::candidates_pending_availability::<Runtime>(para_id)
+			parachains_runtime_api_impl::candidates_pending_availability::<Runtime>(para_id)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -2764,49 +2757,3 @@ sp_api::impl_runtime_apis! {
 		}
 	}
 }
-
-mod clean_state_migration {
-	use super::Runtime;
-	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
-	use super::Vec;
-	use frame_support::{pallet_prelude::*, storage_alias, traits::OnRuntimeUpgrade};
-	use pallet_state_trie_migration::MigrationLimits;
-
-	#[storage_alias]
-	type AutoLimits = StorageValue<StateTrieMigration, Option<MigrationLimits>, ValueQuery>;
-
-	// Actual type of value is `MigrationTask<T>`, putting a dummy
-	// one to avoid the trait constraint on T.
-	// Since we only use `kill` it is fine.
-	#[storage_alias]
-	type MigrationProcess = StorageValue<StateTrieMigration, u32, ValueQuery>;
-
-	#[storage_alias]
-	type SignedMigrationMaxLimits = StorageValue<StateTrieMigration, MigrationLimits, OptionQuery>;
-
-	/// Initialize an automatic migration process.
-	pub struct CleanMigrate;
-
-	impl OnRuntimeUpgrade for CleanMigrate {
-		#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
-		fn pre_upgrade() -> Result<Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
-			Ok(Default::default())
-		}
-
-		fn on_runtime_upgrade() -> frame_support::weights::Weight {
-			MigrationProcess::kill();
-			AutoLimits::kill();
-			SignedMigrationMaxLimits::kill();
-			<Runtime as frame_system::Config>::DbWeight::get().writes(3)
-		}
-
-		#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
-		fn post_upgrade(_state: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
-			frame_support::ensure!(
-				!AutoLimits::exists() && !SignedMigrationMaxLimits::exists(),
-				"State migration clean.",
-			);
-			Ok(())
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/tests.rs b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/tests.rs
index dc8103ab52c474a8f24b288add5b0cd9880265fc..c1b396a4cd2f6723e851ba0e0b653fd0c3da9e11 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/tests.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/tests.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,15 @@
 
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 
-use crate::*;
+use crate::{xcm_config::LocationConverter, *};
+use approx::assert_relative_eq;
 use frame_support::traits::WhitelistedStorageKeys;
-use sp_core::hexdisplay::HexDisplay;
+use pallet_staking::EraPayout;
+use sp_core::{crypto::Ss58Codec, hexdisplay::HexDisplay};
+use sp_keyring::AccountKeyring::Alice;
+use xcm_runtime_apis::conversions::LocationToAccountHelper;
+
+const MILLISECONDS_PER_HOUR: u64 = 60 * 60 * 1000;
 
 #[test]
 fn remove_keys_weight_is_sensible() {
@@ -236,3 +242,167 @@ mod remote_tests {
 		});
 	}
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn location_conversion_works() {
+	// the purpose of hardcoded values is to catch an unintended location conversion logic change.
+	struct TestCase {
+		description: &'static str,
+		location: Location,
+		expected_account_id_str: &'static str,
+	}
+
+	let test_cases = vec![
+		// DescribeTerminus
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTerminus Child",
+			location: Location::new(0, [Parachain(1111)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5Ec4AhP4h37t7TFsAZ4HhFq6k92usAAJDUC3ADSZ4H4Acru3",
+		},
+		// DescribePalletTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribePalletTerminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(0, [Parachain(1111), PalletInstance(50)]),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5FjEBrKn3STAFsZpQF4jzwxUYHNGnNgzdZqSQfTzeJ82XKp6",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountId32Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountId32Terminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(
+				0,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountId32 { network: None, id: AccountId::from(Alice).into() }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5EEMro9RRDpne4jn9TuD7cTB6Amv1raVZ3xspSkqb2BF3FJH",
+		},
+		// DescribeAccountKey20Terminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeAccountKey20Terminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(
+				0,
+				[Parachain(1111), AccountKey20 { network: None, key: [0u8; 20] }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5HohjXdjs6afcYcgHHSstkrtGfxgfGKsnZ1jtewBpFiGu4DL",
+		},
+		// DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeTreasuryVoiceTerminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(
+				0,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Treasury, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5GenE4vJgHvwYVcD6b4nBvH5HNY4pzpVHWoqwFpNMFT7a2oX",
+		},
+		// DescribeBodyTerminal
+		TestCase {
+			description: "DescribeBodyTerminal Child",
+			location: Location::new(
+				0,
+				[Parachain(1111), Plurality { id: BodyId::Unit, part: BodyPart::Voice }],
+			),
+			expected_account_id_str: "5DPgGBFTTYm1dGbtB1VWHJ3T3ScvdrskGGx6vSJZNP1WNStV",
+		},
+	];
+
+	for tc in test_cases {
+		let expected =
+			AccountId::from_string(tc.expected_account_id_str).expect("Invalid AccountId string");
+
+		let got = LocationToAccountHelper::<AccountId, LocationConverter>::convert_location(
+			tc.location.into(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+
+		assert_eq!(got, expected, "{}", tc.description);
+	}
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn staking_inflation_correct_single_era() {
+	let (to_stakers, to_treasury) = super::EraPayout::era_payout(
+		123, // ignored
+		456, // ignored
+		MILLISECONDS_PER_HOUR,
+	);
+
+	assert_relative_eq!(to_stakers as f64, (4_046 * CENTS) as f64, max_relative = 0.01);
+	assert_relative_eq!(to_treasury as f64, (714 * CENTS) as f64, max_relative = 0.01);
+	// Total per hour is ~47.6 WND
+	assert_relative_eq!(
+		(to_stakers as f64 + to_treasury as f64),
+		(4_760 * CENTS) as f64,
+		max_relative = 0.001
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn staking_inflation_correct_longer_era() {
+	// Twice the era duration means twice the emission:
+	let (to_stakers, to_treasury) = super::EraPayout::era_payout(
+		123, // ignored
+		456, // ignored
+		2 * MILLISECONDS_PER_HOUR,
+	);
+
+	assert_relative_eq!(to_stakers as f64, (4_046 * CENTS) as f64 * 2.0, max_relative = 0.001);
+	assert_relative_eq!(to_treasury as f64, (714 * CENTS) as f64 * 2.0, max_relative = 0.001);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn staking_inflation_correct_whole_year() {
+	let (to_stakers, to_treasury) = super::EraPayout::era_payout(
+		123,                                        // ignored
+		456,                                        // ignored
+		(36525 * 24 * MILLISECONDS_PER_HOUR) / 100, // 1 year
+	);
+
+	// Our yearly emissions is about 417k WND:
+	let yearly_emission = 417_307 * UNITS;
+	assert_relative_eq!(
+		to_stakers as f64 + to_treasury as f64,
+		yearly_emission as f64,
+		max_relative = 0.001
+	);
+
+	assert_relative_eq!(to_stakers as f64, yearly_emission as f64 * 0.85, max_relative = 0.001);
+	assert_relative_eq!(to_treasury as f64, yearly_emission as f64 * 0.15, max_relative = 0.001);
+}
+
+// 10 years into the future, our values do not overflow.
+#[test]
+fn staking_inflation_correct_not_overflow() {
+	let (to_stakers, to_treasury) = super::EraPayout::era_payout(
+		123,                                       // ignored
+		456,                                       // ignored
+		(36525 * 24 * MILLISECONDS_PER_HOUR) / 10, // 10 years
+	);
+	let initial_ti: i128 = 5_216_342_402_773_185_773;
+	let projected_total_issuance = (to_stakers as i128 + to_treasury as i128) + initial_ti;
+
+	// In 2034, there will be about 9.39 million WND in existence.
+	assert_relative_eq!(
+		projected_total_issuance as f64,
+		(9_390_000 * UNITS) as f64,
+		max_relative = 0.001
+	);
+}
+
+// Print percent per year, just as convenience.
+#[test]
+fn staking_inflation_correct_print_percent() {
+	let (to_stakers, to_treasury) = super::EraPayout::era_payout(
+		123,                                        // ignored
+		456,                                        // ignored
+		(36525 * 24 * MILLISECONDS_PER_HOUR) / 100, // 1 year
+	);
+	let yearly_emission = to_stakers + to_treasury;
+	let mut ti: i128 = 5_216_342_402_773_185_773;
+
+	for y in 0..10 {
+		let new_ti = ti + yearly_emission as i128;
+		let inflation = 100.0 * (new_ti - ti) as f64 / ti as f64;
+		println!("Year {y} inflation: {inflation}%");
+		ti = new_ti;
+
+		assert!(inflation <= 8.0 && inflation > 2.0, "sanity check");
+	}
+}
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/mod.rs b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/mod.rs
index 1e7b01bc472b2227ce489b4477018d7b4fabde53..ae11f6ccba41852cb16a7dddb911cdd4cdcab19f 100644
--- a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/mod.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ pub mod pallet_nomination_pools;
 pub mod pallet_parameters;
 pub mod pallet_preimage;
 pub mod pallet_proxy;
-pub mod pallet_referenda_fellowship_referenda;
 pub mod pallet_referenda_referenda;
 pub mod pallet_scheduler;
 pub mod pallet_session;
diff --git a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/pallet_referenda_fellowship_referenda.rs b/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/pallet_referenda_fellowship_referenda.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index a4ac066791168a67b17289a1c87b1ede681f92ad..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/polkadot/runtime/westend/src/weights/pallet_referenda_fellowship_referenda.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,525 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Autogenerated weights for `pallet_referenda`
-//!
-//! THIS FILE WAS AUTO-GENERATED USING THE SUBSTRATE BENCHMARK CLI VERSION 4.0.0-dev
-//! DATE: 2023-06-19, STEPS: `50`, REPEAT: `20`, LOW RANGE: `[]`, HIGH RANGE: `[]`
-//! WORST CASE MAP SIZE: `1000000`
-//! HOSTNAME: `runner-e8ezs4ez-project-163-concurrent-0`, CPU: `Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU @ 2.60GHz`
-//! EXECUTION: Some(Wasm), WASM-EXECUTION: Compiled, CHAIN: Some("kusama-dev"), DB CACHE: 1024
-
-// Executed Command:
-// ./target/production/polkadot
-// benchmark
-// pallet
-// --chain=kusama-dev
-// --steps=50
-// --repeat=20
-// --no-storage-info
-// --no-median-slopes
-// --no-min-squares
-// --pallet=pallet_referenda
-// --extrinsic=*
-// --execution=wasm
-// --wasm-execution=compiled
-// --header=./file_header.txt
-// --output=./runtime/kusama/src/weights/
-
-#![cfg_attr(rustfmt, rustfmt_skip)]
-#![allow(unused_parens)]
-#![allow(unused_imports)]
-#![allow(missing_docs)]
-
-use frame_support::{traits::Get, weights::Weight};
-use core::marker::PhantomData;
-
-/// Weight functions for `pallet_referenda`.
-pub struct WeightInfo<T>(PhantomData<T>);
-impl<T: frame_system::Config> pallet_referenda::WeightInfo for WeightInfo<T> {
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective Members (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective Members (max_values: None, max_size: Some(42), added: 2517, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumCount (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumCount (max_values: Some(1), max_size: Some(4), added: 499, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn submit() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `327`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 28_969_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(30_902_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn place_decision_deposit_preparing() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `404`
-		//  Estimated: `83866`
-		// Minimum execution time: 53_500_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(54_447_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 83866))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn place_decision_deposit_queued() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `2042`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 114_321_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(122_607_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn place_decision_deposit_not_queued() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `2083`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 113_476_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(120_078_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn place_decision_deposit_passing() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `774`
-		//  Estimated: `83866`
-		// Minimum execution time: 194_798_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(208_378_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 83866))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(5))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(4))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn place_decision_deposit_failing() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `639`
-		//  Estimated: `83866`
-		// Minimum execution time: 69_502_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(71_500_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 83866))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(5))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(4))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn refund_decision_deposit() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `317`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 30_561_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(31_427_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn refund_submission_deposit() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `167`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 14_535_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(14_999_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn cancel() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `349`
-		//  Estimated: `83866`
-		// Minimum execution time: 38_532_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(39_361_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 83866))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda MetadataOf (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda MetadataOf (max_values: None, max_size: Some(52), added: 2527, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn kill() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `450`
-		//  Estimated: `83866`
-		// Minimum execution time: 78_956_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(80_594_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 83866))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn one_fewer_deciding_queue_empty() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `140`
-		//  Estimated: `4277`
-		// Minimum execution time: 9_450_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(9_881_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4277))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn one_fewer_deciding_failing() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `2376`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 98_126_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(102_511_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn one_fewer_deciding_passing() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `2362`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 99_398_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(104_045_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_requeued_insertion() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `1807`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 43_734_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(46_962_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_requeued_slide() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `1774`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 42_863_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(46_241_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_queued() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `1790`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 57_511_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(64_027_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda TrackQueue (max_values: None, max_size: Some(812), added: 3287, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_not_queued() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `1831`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 56_726_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(61_962_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_no_deposit() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `301`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 24_870_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(25_837_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_preparing() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `349`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 25_297_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(26_086_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_timed_out() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `208`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 16_776_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(17_396_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_begin_deciding_failing() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `584`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 37_780_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(38_626_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda DecidingCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_begin_deciding_passing() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `719`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 85_265_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(89_986_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_begin_confirming() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `770`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 143_283_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(158_540_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_end_confirming() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `755`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 143_736_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(162_755_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_continue_not_confirming() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `770`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 139_021_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(157_398_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_continue_confirming() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `776`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 78_530_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(83_556_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Lookup (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Lookup (max_values: None, max_size: Some(48), added: 2523, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_approved() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `776`
-		//  Estimated: `83866`
-		// Minimum execution time: 174_165_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(188_496_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 83866))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(5))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(4))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipCollective MemberCount (max_values: None, max_size: Some(14), added: 2489, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Scheduler Agenda (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: Scheduler Agenda (max_values: None, max_size: Some(38963), added: 41438, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn nudge_referendum_rejected() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `772`
-		//  Estimated: `42428`
-		// Minimum execution time: 142_964_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(157_257_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 42428))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: Preimage StatusFor (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: Preimage StatusFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(91), added: 2566, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda MetadataOf (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda MetadataOf (max_values: None, max_size: Some(52), added: 2527, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn set_some_metadata() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `352`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 20_126_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(20_635_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1))
-	}
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda ReferendumInfoFor (max_values: None, max_size: Some(900), added: 3375, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	/// Storage: FellowshipReferenda MetadataOf (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: FellowshipReferenda MetadataOf (max_values: None, max_size: Some(52), added: 2527, mode: MaxEncodedLen)
-	fn clear_metadata() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `285`
-		//  Estimated: `4365`
-		// Minimum execution time: 17_716_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(18_324_000, 0)
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 4365))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1))
-	}
-}
diff --git a/polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/execute-worker-syscalls b/polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/execute-worker-syscalls
index 349af783cf1a1340d9467187fde21e1829ec6248..4b22f67878648235b03ac641fc3f05cba5aece0e 100644
--- a/polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/execute-worker-syscalls
+++ b/polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/execute-worker-syscalls
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 24 (sched_yield)
 25 (mremap)
 28 (madvise)
+34 (pause)
 39 (getpid)
 41 (socket)
 42 (connect)
diff --git a/polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/prepare-worker-syscalls b/polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/prepare-worker-syscalls
index 05281b61591a7f9e45efa7d7bb6514fbe118f130..fd46a788537dc324fb3801443bb6bea459d9a977 100644
--- a/polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/prepare-worker-syscalls
+++ b/polkadot/scripts/list-syscalls/prepare-worker-syscalls
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 24 (sched_yield)
 25 (mremap)
 28 (madvise)
+34 (pause)
 39 (getpid)
 41 (socket)
 42 (connect)
diff --git a/polkadot/statement-table/src/generic.rs b/polkadot/statement-table/src/generic.rs
index 1e90338a0f18a803e572c8174de4460a3b888e33..e3c470fcdeec94ceb792268dd845cf74774e2d53 100644
--- a/polkadot/statement-table/src/generic.rs
+++ b/polkadot/statement-table/src/generic.rs
@@ -245,7 +245,8 @@ impl<Ctx: Context> CandidateData<Ctx> {
 	pub fn attested(
 		&self,
 		validity_threshold: usize,
-	) -> Option<AttestedCandidate<Ctx::GroupId, Ctx::Candidate, Ctx::AuthorityId, Ctx::Signature>> {
+	) -> Option<AttestedCandidate<Ctx::GroupId, Ctx::Candidate, Ctx::AuthorityId, Ctx::Signature>>
+	{
 		let valid_votes = self.validity_votes.len();
 		if valid_votes < validity_threshold {
 			return None
@@ -321,7 +322,8 @@ impl<Ctx: Context> Table<Ctx> {
 		digest: &Ctx::Digest,
 		context: &Ctx,
 		minimum_backing_votes: u32,
-	) -> Option<AttestedCandidate<Ctx::GroupId, Ctx::Candidate, Ctx::AuthorityId, Ctx::Signature>> {
+	) -> Option<AttestedCandidate<Ctx::GroupId, Ctx::Candidate, Ctx::AuthorityId, Ctx::Signature>>
+	{
 		self.candidate_votes.get(digest).and_then(|data| {
 			let v_threshold = context.get_group_size(&data.group_id).map_or(usize::MAX, |len| {
 				effective_minimum_backing_votes(len, minimum_backing_votes)
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/docs/src/cookbook/relay_token_transactor/parachain/xcm_config.rs b/polkadot/xcm/docs/src/cookbook/relay_token_transactor/parachain/xcm_config.rs
index 99f17693093e7f0472d78caf54f842847a8a3e84..7cb230f6e0066fa775732ff5feebffddbc46194e 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/docs/src/cookbook/relay_token_transactor/parachain/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/docs/src/cookbook/relay_token_transactor/parachain/xcm_config.rs
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ impl pallet_xcm::Config for Runtime {
 	// We turn off sending for these tests
 	type SendXcmOrigin = EnsureXcmOrigin<RuntimeOrigin, ()>;
 	type XcmRouter = super::super::network::ParachainXcmRouter<MessageQueue>; // Provided by xcm-simulator
-																		  // Anyone can execute XCM programs
+																		   // Anyone can execute XCM programs
 	type ExecuteXcmOrigin = EnsureXcmOrigin<RuntimeOrigin, LocalOriginToLocation>;
 	// We execute any type of program
 	type XcmExecuteFilter = Everything;
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/docs/src/cookbook/relay_token_transactor/relay_chain/xcm_config.rs b/polkadot/xcm/docs/src/cookbook/relay_token_transactor/relay_chain/xcm_config.rs
index 987bb3f9ab6649bc299edafa97dc1d06166db440..a31e664d8216006982ccb0be1625c6a1ecc80a27 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/docs/src/cookbook/relay_token_transactor/relay_chain/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/docs/src/cookbook/relay_token_transactor/relay_chain/xcm_config.rs
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ impl pallet_xcm::Config for Runtime {
 	// No one can call `send`
 	type SendXcmOrigin = EnsureXcmOrigin<RuntimeOrigin, ()>;
 	type XcmRouter = super::super::network::RelayChainXcmRouter; // Provided by xcm-simulator
-															 // Anyone can execute XCM programs
+															  // Anyone can execute XCM programs
 	type ExecuteXcmOrigin = EnsureXcmOrigin<RuntimeOrigin, LocalOriginToLocation>;
 	// We execute any type of program
 	type XcmExecuteFilter = Everything;
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/src/lib.rs
index 4a12bb7f47c665ed6f302d5e665cf9c2b0e911a2..210b8f65637797966261e69dc2e5453a6fccb467 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm-benchmarks/src/lib.rs
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ pub fn generate_holding_assets(max_assets: u32) -> Assets {
 	let fungibles_amount: u128 = 100;
 	let holding_fungibles = max_assets / 2;
 	let holding_non_fungibles = max_assets - holding_fungibles - 1; // -1 because of adding `Here` asset
-																// add count of `holding_fungibles`
+																 // add count of `holding_fungibles`
 	(0..holding_fungibles)
 		.map(|i| {
 			Asset {
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/Cargo.toml
index ed4b441d7c33c347cccda054b8bc7019b3d11388..4d44d75e34dd33d62dc36e767c6428050b6a1f82 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ bounded-collections = { workspace = true }
 codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 scale-info = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 serde = { optional = true, features = ["derive"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
-log = { workspace = true }
+tracing = { workspace = true }
 
 frame-support = { workspace = true }
 frame-system = { workspace = true }
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ std = [
 	"frame-benchmarking?/std",
 	"frame-support/std",
 	"frame-system/std",
-	"log/std",
 	"pallet-balances/std",
 	"scale-info/std",
 	"serde",
 	"sp-core/std",
 	"sp-io/std",
 	"sp-runtime/std",
+	"tracing/std",
 	"xcm-builder/std",
 	"xcm-executor/std",
 	"xcm-runtime-apis/std",
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/benchmarking.rs b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/benchmarking.rs
index d09c81bf434e2ce843b55fc5b05baee121e562c8..404b9358d4d916a1dad2196896db714a0c542656 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/benchmarking.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/benchmarking.rs
@@ -128,14 +128,14 @@ benchmarks! {
 					&origin_location,
 					None,
 				).map_err(|error| {
-				  log::error!("Fungible asset couldn't be deposited, error: {:?}", error);
+				  tracing::error!("Fungible asset couldn't be deposited, error: {:?}", error);
 				  BenchmarkError::Override(BenchmarkResult::from_weight(Weight::MAX))
 				})?;
 			},
 			NonFungible(instance) => {
 				<T::XcmExecutor as XcmAssetTransfers>::AssetTransactor::deposit_asset(&asset, &origin_location, None)
 					.map_err(|error| {
-						log::error!("Nonfungible asset couldn't be deposited, error: {:?}", error);
+						tracing::error!("Nonfungible asset couldn't be deposited, error: {:?}", error);
 						BenchmarkError::Override(BenchmarkResult::from_weight(Weight::MAX))
 					})?;
 			}
@@ -178,14 +178,14 @@ benchmarks! {
 					&origin_location,
 					None,
 				).map_err(|error| {
-				  log::error!("Fungible asset couldn't be deposited, error: {:?}", error);
+				  tracing::error!("Fungible asset couldn't be deposited, error: {:?}", error);
 				  BenchmarkError::Override(BenchmarkResult::from_weight(Weight::MAX))
 				})?;
 			},
 			NonFungible(instance) => {
 				<T::XcmExecutor as XcmAssetTransfers>::AssetTransactor::deposit_asset(&asset, &origin_location, None)
 					.map_err(|error| {
-						log::error!("Nonfungible asset couldn't be deposited, error: {:?}", error);
+						tracing::error!("Nonfungible asset couldn't be deposited, error: {:?}", error);
 						BenchmarkError::Override(BenchmarkResult::from_weight(Weight::MAX))
 					})?;
 			}
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/lib.rs
index 05d9046ab192ae160c68b10f865ce587bb9bd4e0..d287987a96d47d68fcc1b5edb3d2e6ca0d46328f 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/lib.rs
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			message: Box<VersionedXcm<<T as Config>::RuntimeCall>>,
 			max_weight: Weight,
 		) -> Result<Weight, DispatchErrorWithPostInfo> {
-			log::trace!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::execute", "message {:?}, max_weight {:?}", message, max_weight);
+			tracing::trace!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::execute", ?message, ?max_weight);
 			let outcome = (|| {
 				let origin_location = T::ExecuteXcmOrigin::ensure_origin(origin)?;
 				let mut hash = message.using_encoded(sp_io::hashing::blake2_256);
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			Self::deposit_event(Event::Attempted { outcome: outcome.clone() });
 			let weight_used = outcome.weight_used();
 			outcome.ensure_complete().map_err(|error| {
-				log::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::execute", "XCM execution failed with error {:?}", error);
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::execute", ?error, "XCM execution failed with error");
 				Error::<T>::LocalExecutionIncomplete.with_weight(
 					weight_used.saturating_add(
 						<Self::WeightInfo as ExecuteControllerWeightInfo>::execute(),
@@ -897,10 +897,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		pub fn migrate_to_v1<T: Config, P: GetStorageVersion + PalletInfoAccess>(
 		) -> frame_support::weights::Weight {
 			let on_chain_storage_version = <P as GetStorageVersion>::on_chain_storage_version();
-			log::info!(
+			tracing::info!(
 				target: "runtime::xcm",
-				"Running migration storage v1 for xcm with storage version {:?}",
-				on_chain_storage_version,
+				?on_chain_storage_version,
+				"Running migration storage v1 for xcm with storage version",
 			);
 
 			if on_chain_storage_version < 1 {
@@ -910,18 +910,18 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					Some(value.into())
 				});
 				StorageVersion::new(1).put::<P>();
-				log::info!(
+				tracing::info!(
 					target: "runtime::xcm",
-					"Running migration storage v1 for xcm with storage version {:?} was complete",
-					on_chain_storage_version,
+					?on_chain_storage_version,
+					"Running migration storage v1 for xcm with storage version was complete",
 				);
 				// calculate and return migration weights
 				T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(count as u64 + 1, count as u64 + 1)
 			} else {
-				log::warn!(
+				tracing::warn!(
 					target: "runtime::xcm",
-					"Attempted to apply migration to v1 but failed because storage version is {:?}",
-					on_chain_storage_version,
+					?on_chain_storage_version,
+					"Attempted to apply migration to v1 but failed because storage version is",
 				);
 				T::DbWeight::get().reads(1)
 			}
@@ -1269,10 +1269,9 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			let beneficiary: Location =
 				(*beneficiary).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
 			let assets: Assets = (*assets).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
-			log::debug!(
+			tracing::debug!(
 				target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::transfer_assets",
-				"origin {:?}, dest {:?}, beneficiary {:?}, assets {:?}, fee-idx {:?}, weight_limit {:?}",
-				origin, dest, beneficiary, assets, fee_asset_item, weight_limit,
+				?origin, ?dest, ?beneficiary, ?assets, ?fee_asset_item, ?weight_limit,
 			);
 
 			ensure!(assets.len() <= MAX_ASSETS_FOR_TRANSFER, Error::<T>::TooManyAssets);
@@ -1307,7 +1306,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			beneficiary: Box<VersionedLocation>,
 		) -> DispatchResult {
 			let origin_location = T::ExecuteXcmOrigin::ensure_origin(origin)?;
-			log::debug!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::claim_assets", "origin: {:?}, assets: {:?}, beneficiary: {:?}", origin_location, assets, beneficiary);
+			tracing::debug!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::claim_assets", ?origin_location, ?assets, ?beneficiary);
 			// Extract version from `assets`.
 			let assets_version = assets.identify_version();
 			let assets: Assets = (*assets).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
@@ -1330,7 +1329,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				weight,
 			);
 			outcome.ensure_complete().map_err(|error| {
-				log::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::claim_assets", "XCM execution failed with error: {:?}", error);
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::claim_assets", ?error, "XCM execution failed with error");
 				Error::<T>::LocalExecutionIncomplete
 			})?;
 			Ok(())
@@ -1403,11 +1402,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				(*remote_fees_id).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
 			let remote_xcm: Xcm<()> =
 				(*custom_xcm_on_dest).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
-			log::debug!(
+			tracing::debug!(
 				target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::transfer_assets_using_type_and_then",
-				"origin {origin_location:?}, dest {dest:?}, assets {assets:?} through {assets_transfer_type:?}, \
-				remote_fees_id {fees_id:?} through {fees_transfer_type:?}, \
-				custom_xcm_on_dest {remote_xcm:?}, weight-limit {weight_limit:?}",
+				?origin_location, ?dest, ?assets, ?assets_transfer_type, ?fees_id, ?fees_transfer_type,
+				?remote_xcm, ?weight_limit,
 			);
 
 			let assets = assets.into_inner();
@@ -1568,10 +1566,9 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		let beneficiary: Location =
 			(*beneficiary).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
 		let assets: Assets = (*assets).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
-		log::debug!(
+		tracing::debug!(
 			target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::do_reserve_transfer_assets",
-			"origin {:?}, dest {:?}, beneficiary {:?}, assets {:?}, fee-idx {:?}",
-			origin_location, dest, beneficiary, assets, fee_asset_item,
+			?origin_location, ?dest, ?beneficiary, ?assets, ?fee_asset_item,
 		);
 
 		ensure!(assets.len() <= MAX_ASSETS_FOR_TRANSFER, Error::<T>::TooManyAssets);
@@ -1615,10 +1612,9 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		let beneficiary: Location =
 			(*beneficiary).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
 		let assets: Assets = (*assets).try_into().map_err(|()| Error::<T>::BadVersion)?;
-		log::debug!(
+		tracing::debug!(
 			target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::do_teleport_assets",
-			"origin {:?}, dest {:?}, beneficiary {:?}, assets {:?}, fee-idx {:?}, weight_limit {:?}",
-			origin_location, dest, beneficiary, assets, fee_asset_item, weight_limit,
+			?origin_location, ?dest, ?beneficiary, ?assets, ?fee_asset_item, ?weight_limit,
 		);
 
 		ensure!(assets.len() <= MAX_ASSETS_FOR_TRANSFER, Error::<T>::TooManyAssets);
@@ -1719,11 +1715,9 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		fees: FeesHandling<T>,
 		weight_limit: WeightLimit,
 	) -> Result<(Xcm<<T as Config>::RuntimeCall>, Option<Xcm<()>>), Error<T>> {
-		log::debug!(
+		tracing::debug!(
 			target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::build_xcm_transfer_type",
-			"origin {:?}, dest {:?}, beneficiary {:?}, assets {:?}, transfer_type {:?}, \
-			fees_handling {:?}, weight_limit: {:?}",
-			origin, dest, beneficiary, assets, transfer_type, fees, weight_limit,
+			?origin, ?dest, ?beneficiary, ?assets, ?transfer_type, ?fees, ?weight_limit,
 		);
 		match transfer_type {
 			TransferType::LocalReserve => Self::local_reserve_transfer_programs(
@@ -1778,10 +1772,9 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		mut local_xcm: Xcm<<T as Config>::RuntimeCall>,
 		remote_xcm: Option<Xcm<()>>,
 	) -> DispatchResult {
-		log::debug!(
+		tracing::debug!(
 			target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::execute_xcm_transfer",
-			"origin {:?}, dest {:?}, local_xcm {:?}, remote_xcm {:?}",
-			origin, dest, local_xcm, remote_xcm,
+			?origin, ?dest, ?local_xcm, ?remote_xcm,
 		);
 
 		let weight =
@@ -1795,10 +1788,10 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			weight,
 		);
 		Self::deposit_event(Event::Attempted { outcome: outcome.clone() });
-		outcome.ensure_complete().map_err(|error| {
-			log::error!(
+		outcome.clone().ensure_complete().map_err(|error| {
+			tracing::error!(
 				target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::execute_xcm_transfer",
-				"XCM execution failed with error {:?}", error
+				?error, "XCM execution failed with error with outcome: {:?}", outcome
 			);
 			Error::<T>::LocalExecutionIncomplete
 		})?;
@@ -1807,10 +1800,10 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			let (ticket, price) = validate_send::<T::XcmRouter>(dest.clone(), remote_xcm.clone())
 				.map_err(Error::<T>::from)?;
 			if origin != Here.into_location() {
-				Self::charge_fees(origin.clone(), price).map_err(|error| {
-					log::error!(
+				Self::charge_fees(origin.clone(), price.clone()).map_err(|error| {
+					tracing::error!(
 						target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::execute_xcm_transfer",
-						"Unable to charge fee with error {:?}", error
+						?error, ?price, ?origin, "Unable to charge fee",
 					);
 					Error::<T>::FeesNotMet
 				})?;
@@ -1836,7 +1829,10 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 				// no custom fees instructions, they are batched together with `assets` transfer;
 				// BuyExecution happens after receiving all `assets`
 				let reanchored_fees =
-					fees.reanchored(&dest, &context).map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+					fees.reanchored(&dest, &context).map_err(|e| {
+						tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::add_fees_to_xcm", ?e, ?dest, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor fees");
+						Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+					})?;
 				// buy execution using `fees` batched together with above `reanchored_assets`
 				remote.inner_mut().push(BuyExecution { fees: reanchored_fees, weight_limit });
 			},
@@ -1901,7 +1897,10 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		let mut reanchored_assets = assets.clone();
 		reanchored_assets
 			.reanchor(&dest, &context)
-			.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::local_reserve_transfer_programs", ?e, ?dest, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor assets");
+				Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+			})?;
 
 		// XCM instructions to be executed on local chain
 		let mut local_execute_xcm = Xcm(vec![
@@ -1939,12 +1938,19 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	) -> Result<(Xcm<<T as Config>::RuntimeCall>, Xcm<()>), Error<T>> {
 		let value = (origin, vec![fees.clone()]);
 		ensure!(T::XcmReserveTransferFilter::contains(&value), Error::<T>::Filtered);
+		ensure!(
+			<T::XcmExecutor as XcmAssetTransfers>::IsReserve::contains(&fees, &dest),
+			Error::<T>::InvalidAssetUnsupportedReserve
+		);
 
 		let context = T::UniversalLocation::get();
 		let reanchored_fees = fees
 			.clone()
 			.reanchored(&dest, &context)
-			.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::destination_reserve_fees_instructions", ?e, ?dest,?context, "Failed to re-anchor fees");
+				Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+			})?;
 		let fees: Assets = fees.into();
 
 		let local_execute_xcm = Xcm(vec![
@@ -1973,6 +1979,12 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		let value = (origin, assets);
 		ensure!(T::XcmReserveTransferFilter::contains(&value), Error::<T>::Filtered);
 		let (_, assets) = value;
+		for asset in assets.iter() {
+			ensure!(
+				<T::XcmExecutor as XcmAssetTransfers>::IsReserve::contains(&asset, &dest),
+				Error::<T>::InvalidAssetUnsupportedReserve
+			);
+		}
 
 		// max assets is `assets` (+ potentially separately handled fee)
 		let max_assets =
@@ -1982,7 +1994,10 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		let mut reanchored_assets = assets.clone();
 		reanchored_assets
 			.reanchor(&dest, &context)
-			.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::destination_reserve_transfer_programs", ?e, ?dest, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor assets");
+				Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+			})?;
 
 		// XCM instructions to be executed on local chain
 		let mut local_execute_xcm = Xcm(vec![
@@ -2036,13 +2051,22 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		// identifies fee item as seen by `reserve` - to be used at reserve chain
 		let reserve_fees = fees_half_1
 			.reanchored(&reserve, &context)
-			.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::remote_reserve_transfer_program", ?e, ?reserve, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor reserve_fees");
+				Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+			})?;
 		// identifies fee item as seen by `dest` - to be used at destination chain
 		let dest_fees = fees_half_2
 			.reanchored(&dest, &context)
-			.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::remote_reserve_transfer_program", ?e, ?dest, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor dest_fees");
+				Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+			})?;
 		// identifies `dest` as seen by `reserve`
-		let dest = dest.reanchored(&reserve, &context).map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+		let dest = dest.reanchored(&reserve, &context).map_err(|e| {
+			tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::remote_reserve_transfer_program", ?e, ?reserve, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor dest");
+			Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+		})?;
 		// xcm to be executed at dest
 		let mut xcm_on_dest =
 			Xcm(vec![BuyExecution { fees: dest_fees, weight_limit: weight_limit.clone() }]);
@@ -2079,12 +2103,19 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	) -> Result<(Xcm<<T as Config>::RuntimeCall>, Xcm<()>), Error<T>> {
 		let value = (origin, vec![fees.clone()]);
 		ensure!(T::XcmTeleportFilter::contains(&value), Error::<T>::Filtered);
+		ensure!(
+			<T::XcmExecutor as XcmAssetTransfers>::IsTeleporter::contains(&fees, &dest),
+			Error::<T>::Filtered
+		);
 
 		let context = T::UniversalLocation::get();
 		let reanchored_fees = fees
 			.clone()
 			.reanchored(&dest, &context)
-			.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::teleport_fees_instructions", ?e, ?dest, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor fees");
+				Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+			})?;
 
 		// XcmContext irrelevant in teleports checks
 		let dummy_context =
@@ -2098,7 +2129,10 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			&fees,
 			&dummy_context,
 		)
-		.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotCheckOutTeleport)?;
+		.map_err(|e| {
+			tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::teleport_fees_instructions", ?e, ?fees, ?dest, "Failed can_check_out");
+			Error::<T>::CannotCheckOutTeleport
+		})?;
 		// safe to do this here, we're in a transactional call that will be reverted on any
 		// errors down the line
 		<T::XcmExecutor as XcmAssetTransfers>::AssetTransactor::check_out(
@@ -2134,6 +2168,12 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		let value = (origin, assets);
 		ensure!(T::XcmTeleportFilter::contains(&value), Error::<T>::Filtered);
 		let (_, assets) = value;
+		for asset in assets.iter() {
+			ensure!(
+				<T::XcmExecutor as XcmAssetTransfers>::IsTeleporter::contains(&asset, &dest),
+				Error::<T>::Filtered
+			);
+		}
 
 		// max assets is `assets` (+ potentially separately handled fee)
 		let max_assets =
@@ -2143,7 +2183,10 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		let mut reanchored_assets = assets.clone();
 		reanchored_assets
 			.reanchor(&dest, &context)
-			.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotReanchor)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::teleport_assets_program", ?e, ?dest, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor asset");
+				Error::<T>::CannotReanchor
+			})?;
 
 		// XcmContext irrelevant in teleports checks
 		let dummy_context =
@@ -2158,7 +2201,10 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 				asset,
 				&dummy_context,
 			)
-			.map_err(|_| Error::<T>::CannotCheckOutTeleport)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::teleport_assets_program", ?e, ?asset, ?dest, "Failed can_check_out asset");
+				Error::<T>::CannotCheckOutTeleport
+			})?;
 		}
 		for asset in assets.inner() {
 			// safe to do this here, we're in a transactional call that will be reverted on any
@@ -2428,10 +2474,17 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		} else {
 			None
 		};
-		log::debug!(target: "xcm::send_xcm", "dest: {:?}, message: {:?}", &dest, &message);
+		tracing::debug!(target: "xcm::send_xcm", "{:?}, {:?}", dest.clone(), message.clone());
 		let (ticket, price) = validate_send::<T::XcmRouter>(dest, message)?;
 		if let Some(fee_payer) = maybe_fee_payer {
-			Self::charge_fees(fee_payer, price).map_err(|_| SendError::Fees)?;
+			Self::charge_fees(fee_payer, price).map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(
+					target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::send_xcm",
+					?e,
+					"Charging fees failed with error",
+				);
+				SendError::Fees
+			})?;
 		}
 		T::XcmRouter::deliver(ticket)
 	}
@@ -2492,18 +2545,16 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		XcmConfig: xcm_executor::Config<RuntimeCall = RuntimeCall>,
 	{
 		let origin_location: Location = origin_location.try_into().map_err(|error| {
-			log::error!(
+			tracing::error!(
 				target: "xcm::DryRunApi::dry_run_xcm",
-				"Location version conversion failed with error: {:?}",
-				error,
+				?error, "Location version conversion failed with error"
 			);
 			XcmDryRunApiError::VersionedConversionFailed
 		})?;
 		let xcm: Xcm<RuntimeCall> = xcm.try_into().map_err(|error| {
-			log::error!(
+			tracing::error!(
 				target: "xcm::DryRunApi::dry_run_xcm",
-				"Xcm version conversion failed with error {:?}",
-				error,
+				?error, "Xcm version conversion failed with error"
 			);
 			XcmDryRunApiError::VersionedConversionFailed
 		})?;
@@ -2540,11 +2591,14 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	}
 
 	pub fn query_xcm_weight(message: VersionedXcm<()>) -> Result<Weight, XcmPaymentApiError> {
-		let message = Xcm::<()>::try_from(message)
-			.map_err(|_| XcmPaymentApiError::VersionedConversionFailed)?;
+		let message = Xcm::<()>::try_from(message.clone())
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::query_xcm_weight", ?e, ?message, "Failed to convert versioned message");
+				XcmPaymentApiError::VersionedConversionFailed
+			})?;
 
-		T::Weigher::weight(&mut message.into()).map_err(|()| {
-			log::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::query_xcm_weight", "Error when querying XCM weight");
+		T::Weigher::weight(&mut message.clone().into()).map_err(|()| {
+			tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::query_xcm_weight", ?message, "Error when querying XCM weight");
 			XcmPaymentApiError::WeightNotComputable
 		})
 	}
@@ -2555,21 +2609,31 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	) -> Result<VersionedAssets, XcmPaymentApiError> {
 		let result_version = destination.identify_version().max(message.identify_version());
 
-		let destination = destination
+		let destination: Location = destination
+			.clone()
 			.try_into()
-			.map_err(|_| XcmPaymentApiError::VersionedConversionFailed)?;
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::query_delivery_fees", ?e, ?destination, "Failed to convert versioned destination");
+				XcmPaymentApiError::VersionedConversionFailed
+			})?;
 
-		let message =
-			message.try_into().map_err(|_| XcmPaymentApiError::VersionedConversionFailed)?;
+		let message: Xcm<()> =
+			message.clone().try_into().map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::query_delivery_fees", ?e, ?message, "Failed to convert versioned message");
+				XcmPaymentApiError::VersionedConversionFailed
+			})?;
 
-		let (_, fees) = validate_send::<T::XcmRouter>(destination, message).map_err(|error| {
-			log::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::query_delivery_fees", "Error when querying delivery fees: {:?}", error);
+		let (_, fees) = validate_send::<T::XcmRouter>(destination.clone(), message.clone()).map_err(|error| {
+			tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::query_delivery_fees", ?error, ?destination, ?message, "Failed to validate send to destination");
 			XcmPaymentApiError::Unroutable
 		})?;
 
 		VersionedAssets::from(fees)
 			.into_version(result_version)
-			.map_err(|_| XcmPaymentApiError::VersionedConversionFailed)
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::query_delivery_fees", ?e, ?result_version, "Failed to convert fees into version");
+				XcmPaymentApiError::VersionedConversionFailed
+			})
 	}
 
 	/// Create a new expectation of a query response with the querier being here.
@@ -2653,10 +2717,9 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	/// Note that a particular destination to whom we would like to send a message is unknown
 	/// and queue it for version discovery.
 	fn note_unknown_version(dest: &Location) {
-		log::trace!(
+		tracing::trace!(
 			target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::note_unknown_version",
-			"XCM version is unknown for destination: {:?}",
-			dest,
+			?dest, "XCM version is unknown for destination"
 		);
 		let versioned_dest = VersionedLocation::from(dest.clone());
 		VersionDiscoveryQueue::<T>::mutate(|q| {
@@ -2924,10 +2987,9 @@ impl<T: Config> WrapVersion for Pallet<T> {
 				SafeXcmVersion::<T>::get()
 			})
 			.ok_or_else(|| {
-				log::trace!(
+				tracing::trace!(
 					target: "xcm::pallet_xcm::wrap_version",
-					"Could not determine a version to wrap XCM for destination: {:?}",
-					dest,
+					?dest, "Could not determine a version to wrap XCM for destination",
 				);
 				()
 			})
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/migration.rs b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/migration.rs
index 0aec97ab410516c35860f397d41ede599768c5c6..2c5b2620f53595452befa6694f88b6d6caa55289 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/migration.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/pallet-xcm/src/migration.rs
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pub mod v1 {
 			let mut weight = T::DbWeight::get().reads(1);
 
 			if StorageVersion::get::<Pallet<T>>() != 0 {
-				log::warn!("skipping v1, should be removed");
+				tracing::warn!("skipping v1, should be removed");
 				return weight
 			}
 
@@ -50,13 +50,13 @@ pub mod v1 {
 			let translate = |pre: (u64, u64, u32)| -> Option<(u64, Weight, u32)> {
 				weight.saturating_accrue(T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(1, 1));
 				let translated = (pre.0, Weight::from_parts(pre.1, DEFAULT_PROOF_SIZE), pre.2);
-				log::info!("Migrated VersionNotifyTarget {:?} to {:?}", pre, translated);
+				tracing::info!("Migrated VersionNotifyTarget {:?} to {:?}", pre, translated);
 				Some(translated)
 			};
 
 			VersionNotifyTargets::<T>::translate_values(translate);
 
-			log::info!("v1 applied successfully");
+			tracing::info!("v1 applied successfully");
 			weight.saturating_accrue(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1));
 			StorageVersion::new(1).put::<Pallet<T>>();
 			weight
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/procedural/tests/ui.rs b/polkadot/xcm/procedural/tests/ui.rs
index b3469b520eb77cbe1329fc5428932e3467757991..4d0c8af450053e0bf4c20aa183ff84d7a1774b8e 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/procedural/tests/ui.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/procedural/tests/ui.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 //! UI tests for XCM procedural macros
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "disable-ui-tests"))]
 #[test]
 fn ui() {
 	// Only run the ui tests when `RUN_UI_TESTS` is set.
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/asset_conversion.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/asset_conversion.rs
index 16ae05c20795e27a9aa6b4d2ec78d47b7665bbb2..6d090b04886c9510b3df61d4da386dc28f178e16 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/asset_conversion.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/asset_conversion.rs
@@ -137,7 +137,13 @@ impl<
 		ConvertClassId: MaybeEquivalence<Location, ClassId>,
 		ConvertInstanceId: MaybeEquivalence<AssetInstance, InstanceId>,
 	> MatchesNonFungibles<ClassId, InstanceId>
-	for MatchedConvertedConcreteId<ClassId, InstanceId, MatchClassId, ConvertClassId, ConvertInstanceId>
+	for MatchedConvertedConcreteId<
+		ClassId,
+		InstanceId,
+		MatchClassId,
+		ConvertClassId,
+		ConvertInstanceId,
+	>
 {
 	fn matches_nonfungibles(a: &Asset) -> result::Result<(ClassId, InstanceId), MatchError> {
 		let (instance, class) = match (&a.fun, &a.id) {
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/barriers.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/barriers.rs
index 5d95005eb663097b8130cd01640d6dd29a4f2307..c995361ea8a3c73208701903518e89817b896e58 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/barriers.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/barriers.rs
@@ -57,8 +57,9 @@ const MAX_ASSETS_FOR_BUY_EXECUTION: usize = 2;
 /// Allows execution from `origin` if it is contained in `T` (i.e. `T::Contains(origin)`) taking
 /// payments into account.
 ///
-/// Only allows for `TeleportAsset`, `WithdrawAsset`, `ClaimAsset` and `ReserveAssetDeposit` XCMs
-/// because they are the only ones that place assets in the Holding Register to pay for execution.
+/// Only allows for `WithdrawAsset`, `ReceiveTeleportedAsset`, `ReserveAssetDeposited` and
+/// `ClaimAsset` XCMs because they are the only ones that place assets in the Holding Register to
+/// pay for execution.
 pub struct AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom<T>(PhantomData<T>);
 impl<T: Contains<Location>> ShouldExecute for AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom<T> {
 	fn should_execute<RuntimeCall>(
@@ -81,9 +82,9 @@ impl<T: Contains<Location>> ShouldExecute for AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom<T>
 		instructions[..end]
 			.matcher()
 			.match_next_inst(|inst| match inst {
+				WithdrawAsset(ref assets) |
 				ReceiveTeleportedAsset(ref assets) |
 				ReserveAssetDeposited(ref assets) |
-				WithdrawAsset(ref assets) |
 				ClaimAsset { ref assets, .. } =>
 					if assets.len() <= MAX_ASSETS_FOR_BUY_EXECUTION {
 						Ok(())
@@ -92,7 +93,10 @@ impl<T: Contains<Location>> ShouldExecute for AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom<T>
 					},
 				_ => Err(ProcessMessageError::BadFormat),
 			})?
-			.skip_inst_while(|inst| matches!(inst, ClearOrigin))?
+			.skip_inst_while(|inst| {
+				matches!(inst, ClearOrigin | AliasOrigin(..)) ||
+					matches!(inst, DescendOrigin(child) if child != &Here)
+			})?
 			.match_next_inst(|inst| match inst {
 				BuyExecution { weight_limit: Limited(ref mut weight), .. }
 					if weight.all_gte(max_weight) =>
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/nonfungibles_adapter.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/nonfungibles_adapter.rs
index b111a05a4f1fc2a9c0559c42f672a9734fd110fe..006c28954bcee6b5635de86082841ce812e63497 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/nonfungibles_adapter.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/nonfungibles_adapter.rs
@@ -270,7 +270,14 @@ impl<
 		CheckAsset: AssetChecking<Assets::CollectionId>,
 		CheckingAccount: Get<Option<AccountId>>,
 	> TransactAsset
-	for NonFungiblesAdapter<Assets, Matcher, AccountIdConverter, AccountId, CheckAsset, CheckingAccount>
+	for NonFungiblesAdapter<
+		Assets,
+		Matcher,
+		AccountIdConverter,
+		AccountId,
+		CheckAsset,
+		CheckingAccount,
+	>
 {
 	fn can_check_in(origin: &Location, what: &Asset, context: &XcmContext) -> XcmResult {
 		NonFungiblesMutateAdapter::<
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/barriers.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/barriers.rs
index 665b5febc61fec2d549cf707af55e4ba872d21e2..cd2b6db66efcfed828139311d482700faaa02484 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/barriers.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/barriers.rs
@@ -283,6 +283,56 @@ fn allow_paid_should_work() {
 	assert_eq!(r, Ok(()))
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn allow_paid_should_deprivilege_origin() {
+	AllowPaidFrom::set(vec![Parent.into()]);
+	let fees = (Parent, 1).into();
+
+	let mut paying_message_clears_origin = Xcm::<()>(vec![
+		ReserveAssetDeposited((Parent, 100).into()),
+		ClearOrigin,
+		BuyExecution { fees, weight_limit: Limited(Weight::from_parts(30, 30)) },
+		DepositAsset { assets: AllCounted(1).into(), beneficiary: Here.into() },
+	]);
+	let r = AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom::<IsInVec<AllowPaidFrom>>::should_execute(
+		&Parent.into(),
+		paying_message_clears_origin.inner_mut(),
+		Weight::from_parts(30, 30),
+		&mut props(Weight::zero()),
+	);
+	assert_eq!(r, Ok(()));
+
+	let mut paying_message_aliases_origin = paying_message_clears_origin.clone();
+	paying_message_aliases_origin.0[1] = AliasOrigin(Parachain(1).into());
+	let r = AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom::<IsInVec<AllowPaidFrom>>::should_execute(
+		&Parent.into(),
+		paying_message_aliases_origin.inner_mut(),
+		Weight::from_parts(30, 30),
+		&mut props(Weight::zero()),
+	);
+	assert_eq!(r, Ok(()));
+
+	let mut paying_message_descends_origin = paying_message_clears_origin.clone();
+	paying_message_descends_origin.0[1] = DescendOrigin(Parachain(1).into());
+	let r = AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom::<IsInVec<AllowPaidFrom>>::should_execute(
+		&Parent.into(),
+		paying_message_descends_origin.inner_mut(),
+		Weight::from_parts(30, 30),
+		&mut props(Weight::zero()),
+	);
+	assert_eq!(r, Ok(()));
+
+	let mut paying_message_fake_descends_origin = paying_message_clears_origin.clone();
+	paying_message_fake_descends_origin.0[1] = DescendOrigin(Here.into());
+	let r = AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom::<IsInVec<AllowPaidFrom>>::should_execute(
+		&Parent.into(),
+		paying_message_fake_descends_origin.inner_mut(),
+		Weight::from_parts(30, 30),
+		&mut props(Weight::zero()),
+	);
+	assert_eq!(r, Err(ProcessMessageError::Overweight(Weight::from_parts(30, 30))));
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn suspension_should_work() {
 	TestSuspender::set_suspended(true);
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/pay/mock.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/pay/mock.rs
index 18bde3aab485a9660892ab1f5dc7c3de4b508338..9f2146fa30e86bc9a4c3e54280105c5cebfbbe09 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/pay/mock.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/pay/mock.rs
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Test {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/universal_exports.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/universal_exports.rs
index 30e0b7c72b03e4a93b6ce35995c2e9df1bb27212..5c754f01ec0ad2b5ebdd29a4ab4b3cc4649ea393 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/universal_exports.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/universal_exports.rs
@@ -337,15 +337,15 @@ impl<Bridges: ExporterFor, Router: SendXcm, UniversalLocation: Get<InteriorLocat
 	}
 }
 
-impl<Bridges, Router: InspectMessageQueues, UniversalLocation> InspectMessageQueues
+impl<Bridges, Router, UniversalLocation> InspectMessageQueues
 	for SovereignPaidRemoteExporter<Bridges, Router, UniversalLocation>
 {
-	fn clear_messages() {
-		Router::clear_messages()
-	}
+	fn clear_messages() {}
 
+	/// This router needs to implement `InspectMessageQueues` but doesn't have to
+	/// return any messages, since it just reuses the `XcmpQueue` router.
 	fn get_messages() -> Vec<(VersionedLocation, Vec<VersionedXcm<()>>)> {
-		Router::get_messages()
+		Vec::new()
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/tests/scenarios.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/tests/scenarios.rs
index ee1aeffbb4e71d5c42cb92376395961d4d95de81..99c14f5bba1bc8fad67605ce8eddbf8185fa7caf 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/tests/scenarios.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/tests/scenarios.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use mock::{
 };
 use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::Id as ParaId;
 use sp_runtime::traits::AccountIdConversion;
-use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
+use xcm::latest::{prelude::*, Error::UntrustedTeleportLocation};
 use xcm_executor::XcmExecutor;
 
 pub const ALICE: AccountId = AccountId::new([0u8; 32]);
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ fn teleport_to_asset_hub_works() {
 		];
 		let weight = BaseXcmWeight::get() * 3;
 
-		// teleports are allowed to community chains, even in the absence of trust from their side.
+		// teleports are not allowed to other chains, in the absence of trust from their side
 		let message = Xcm(vec![
 			WithdrawAsset((Here, amount).into()),
 			buy_execution(),
@@ -235,16 +235,7 @@ fn teleport_to_asset_hub_works() {
 			weight,
 			Weight::zero(),
 		);
-		assert_eq!(r, Outcome::Complete { used: weight });
-		let expected_msg = Xcm(vec![ReceiveTeleportedAsset((Parent, amount).into()), ClearOrigin]
-			.into_iter()
-			.chain(teleport_effects.clone().into_iter())
-			.collect());
-		let expected_hash = fake_message_hash(&expected_msg);
-		assert_eq!(
-			mock::sent_xcm(),
-			vec![(Parachain(other_para_id).into(), expected_msg, expected_hash,)]
-		);
+		assert_eq!(r, Outcome::Incomplete { used: weight, error: UntrustedTeleportLocation });
 
 		// teleports are allowed from asset hub to kusama.
 		let message = Xcm(vec![
@@ -274,10 +265,7 @@ fn teleport_to_asset_hub_works() {
 		let expected_hash = fake_message_hash(&expected_msg);
 		assert_eq!(
 			mock::sent_xcm(),
-			vec![
-				(Parachain(other_para_id).into(), expected_msg.clone(), expected_hash,),
-				(Parachain(asset_hub_id).into(), expected_msg, expected_hash,)
-			]
+			vec![(Parachain(asset_hub_id).into(), expected_msg, expected_hash,)]
 		);
 	});
 }
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/integration-tests/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/integration-tests/src/lib.rs
index 6f44cc0a75d55267426f3044d369ec30fce8b550..020a4a54285e9e256b2d2aa13a27072595271121 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/integration-tests/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/integration-tests/src/lib.rs
@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ use polkadot_test_client::{
 	TestClientBuilder, TestClientBuilderExt,
 };
 use polkadot_test_runtime::{pallet_test_notifier, xcm_config::XcmConfig};
-use polkadot_test_service::{chain_spec::get_account_id_from_seed, construct_extrinsic};
-use sp_core::sr25519;
+use polkadot_test_service::construct_extrinsic;
 use sp_runtime::traits::Block;
 use sp_state_machine::InspectState;
 use xcm::{latest::prelude::*, VersionedResponse, VersionedXcm};
@@ -342,7 +341,7 @@ fn deposit_reserve_asset_works_for_any_xcm_sender() {
 	let weight_limit = Unlimited;
 	let reserve = Location::parent();
 	let dest = Location::new(1, [Parachain(2000)]);
-	let beneficiary_id = get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice");
+	let beneficiary_id = sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id();
 	let beneficiary = Location::new(0, [AccountId32 { network: None, id: beneficiary_id.into() }]);
 
 	// spends up to half of fees for execution on reserve and other half for execution on
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/lib.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/lib.rs
index a8110ca3d19f7e622b7fe1facbd9c656d29d36ac..71985360b7d3d09829b71c9a9b65c184a5dc0eda 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/lib.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/lib.rs
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 			self.calculate_asset_for_delivery_fees(asset_needed_for_fees.clone());
 		tracing::trace!(target: "xcm::fees", ?asset_to_pay_for_fees);
 		// We withdraw or take from holding the asset the user wants to use for fee payment.
-		let withdrawn_fee_asset = if self.fees_mode.jit_withdraw {
+		let withdrawn_fee_asset: AssetsInHolding = if self.fees_mode.jit_withdraw {
 			let origin = self.origin_ref().ok_or(XcmError::BadOrigin)?;
 			Config::AssetTransactor::withdraw_asset(
 				&asset_to_pay_for_fees,
@@ -508,7 +508,10 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 			let assets_taken_from_holding_to_pay_delivery_fees = self
 				.holding
 				.try_take(asset_to_pay_for_fees.clone().into())
-				.map_err(|_| XcmError::NotHoldingFees)?;
+				.map_err(|e| {
+					tracing::error!(target: "xcm::fees", ?e, ?asset_to_pay_for_fees, "Failed to take asset_to_pay_for_fees from holding");
+					XcmError::NotHoldingFees
+				})?;
 			tracing::trace!(target: "xcm::fees", ?assets_taken_from_holding_to_pay_delivery_fees);
 			let mut iter = assets_taken_from_holding_to_pay_delivery_fees.fungible_assets_iter();
 			let asset = iter.next().ok_or(XcmError::NotHoldingFees)?;
@@ -518,15 +521,14 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 		let paid = if asset_to_pay_for_fees.id != asset_needed_for_fees.id {
 			let swapped_asset: Assets = Config::AssetExchanger::exchange_asset(
 				self.origin_ref(),
-				withdrawn_fee_asset,
+				withdrawn_fee_asset.clone().into(),
 				&asset_needed_for_fees.clone().into(),
 				false,
 			)
 			.map_err(|given_assets| {
 				tracing::error!(
 					target: "xcm::fees",
-					?given_assets,
-					"Swap was deemed necessary but couldn't be done",
+					?given_assets, "Swap was deemed necessary but couldn't be done for withdrawn_fee_asset: {:?} and asset_needed_for_fees: {:?}", withdrawn_fee_asset.clone(), asset_needed_for_fees,
 				);
 				XcmError::FeesNotMet
 			})?
@@ -587,8 +589,10 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 		Ok(match local_querier {
 			None => None,
 			Some(q) => Some(
-				q.reanchored(&destination, &Config::UniversalLocation::get())
-					.map_err(|_| XcmError::ReanchorFailed)?,
+				q.reanchored(&destination, &Config::UniversalLocation::get()).map_err(|e| {
+					tracing::error!(target: "xcm::xcm_executor::to_querier", ?e, ?destination, "Failed to re-anchor local_querier");
+					XcmError::ReanchorFailed
+				})?,
 			),
 		})
 	}
@@ -617,7 +621,7 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 		let reanchor_context = Config::UniversalLocation::get();
 		let reanchored =
 			reanchorable.reanchored(&destination, &reanchor_context).map_err(|error| {
-				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::reanchor", ?error, "Failed reanchoring with error");
+				tracing::error!(target: "xcm::reanchor", ?error, ?destination, ?reanchor_context, "Failed reanchoring with error.");
 				XcmError::ReanchorFailed
 			})?;
 		Ok((reanchored, reanchor_context))
@@ -923,7 +927,10 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 				.as_mut()
 				.ok_or(XcmError::BadOrigin)?
 				.append_with(who)
-				.map_err(|_| XcmError::LocationFull),
+				.map_err(|e| {
+					tracing::error!(target: "xcm::process_instruction::descend_origin", ?e, "Failed to append junctions");
+					XcmError::LocationFull
+				}),
 			ClearOrigin => {
 				self.context.origin = None;
 				Ok(())
@@ -1002,13 +1009,18 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 			InitiateReserveWithdraw { assets, reserve, xcm } => {
 				let old_holding = self.holding.clone();
 				let result = Config::TransactionalProcessor::process(|| {
+					let assets = self.holding.saturating_take(assets);
+					// Must ensure that we recognise the assets as being managed by the destination.
+					#[cfg(not(feature = "runtime-benchmarks"))]
+					for asset in assets.assets_iter() {
+						ensure!(
+							Config::IsReserve::contains(&asset, &reserve),
+							XcmError::UntrustedReserveLocation
+						);
+					}
 					// Note that here we are able to place any assets which could not be reanchored
 					// back into Holding.
-					let assets = Self::reanchored(
-						self.holding.saturating_take(assets),
-						&reserve,
-						Some(&mut self.holding),
-					);
+					let assets = Self::reanchored(assets, &reserve, Some(&mut self.holding));
 					let mut message = vec![WithdrawAsset(assets), ClearOrigin];
 					message.extend(xcm.0.into_iter());
 					self.send(reserve, Xcm(message), FeeReason::InitiateReserveWithdraw)?;
@@ -1024,6 +1036,14 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 				let result = (|| -> Result<(), XcmError> {
 					// We must do this first in order to resolve wildcards.
 					let assets = self.holding.saturating_take(assets);
+					// Must ensure that we have teleport trust with destination for these assets.
+					#[cfg(not(feature = "runtime-benchmarks"))]
+					for asset in assets.assets_iter() {
+						ensure!(
+							Config::IsTeleporter::contains(&asset, &dest),
+							XcmError::UntrustedTeleportLocation
+						);
+					}
 					for asset in assets.assets_iter() {
 						// We should check that the asset can actually be teleported out (for this
 						// to be in error, there would need to be an accounting violation by
@@ -1074,7 +1094,10 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 				tracing::trace!(target: "xcm::executor::BuyExecution", asset_used_for_fees = ?self.asset_used_for_fees);
 				// pay for `weight` using up to `fees` of the holding register.
 				let max_fee =
-					self.holding.try_take(fees.into()).map_err(|_| XcmError::NotHoldingFees)?;
+					self.holding.try_take(fees.clone().into()).map_err(|e| {
+						tracing::error!(target: "xcm::process_instruction::buy_execution", ?e, ?fees, "Failed to take fees from holding");
+						XcmError::NotHoldingFees
+					})?;
 				let result = || -> Result<(), XcmError> {
 					let unspent = self.trader.buy_weight(weight, max_fee, &self.context)?;
 					self.holding.subsume_assets(unspent);
@@ -1137,7 +1160,10 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 				Ok(())
 			},
 			ExpectAsset(assets) =>
-				self.holding.ensure_contains(&assets).map_err(|_| XcmError::ExpectationFalse),
+				self.holding.ensure_contains(&assets).map_err(|e| {
+					tracing::error!(target: "xcm::process_instruction::expect_asset", ?e, ?assets, "assets not contained in holding");
+					XcmError::ExpectationFalse
+				}),
 			ExpectOrigin(origin) => {
 				ensure!(self.context.origin == origin, XcmError::ExpectationFalse);
 				Ok(())
@@ -1259,9 +1285,10 @@ impl<Config: config::Config> XcmExecutor<Config> {
 					let (remote_asset, context) = Self::try_reanchor(asset.clone(), &unlocker)?;
 					let lock_ticket =
 						Config::AssetLocker::prepare_lock(unlocker.clone(), asset, origin.clone())?;
-					let owner = origin
-						.reanchored(&unlocker, &context)
-						.map_err(|_| XcmError::ReanchorFailed)?;
+					let owner = origin.reanchored(&unlocker, &context).map_err(|e| {
+						tracing::error!(target: "xcm::xcm_executor::process_instruction", ?e, ?unlocker, ?context, "Failed to re-anchor origin");
+						XcmError::ReanchorFailed
+					})?;
 					let msg = Xcm::<()>(vec![NoteUnlockable { asset: remote_asset, owner }]);
 					let (ticket, price) = validate_send::<Config::XcmSender>(unlocker, msg)?;
 					self.take_fee(price, FeeReason::LockAsset)?;
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/traits/export.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/traits/export.rs
index 78aa68ce2644a8bd6d4ab1075d9d93923b31c3cc..b356e0da7df7801b52cb63652fa321507223a824 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/traits/export.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/traits/export.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 /// spoofed origin. This essentially defines the behaviour of the `ExportMessage` XCM instruction.
 ///
 /// This is quite different to `SendXcm`; `SendXcm` assumes that the local side's location will be
-/// preserved to be represented as the value of the Origin register in the messages execution.
+/// preserved to be represented as the value of the Origin register during the message's execution.
 ///
 /// This trait on the other hand assumes that we do not necessarily want the Origin register to
 /// contain the local (i.e. the caller chain's) location, since it will generally be exporting a
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ pub trait ExportXcm {
 	/// The `destination` and `message` must be `Some` (or else an error will be returned) and they
 	/// may only be consumed if the `Err` is not `NotApplicable`.
 	///
-	/// If it is not a destination which can be reached with this type but possibly could by others,
-	/// then this *MUST* return `NotApplicable`. Any other error will cause the tuple
+	/// If it is not a destination that can be reached with this type, but possibly could be with
+	/// others, then this *MUST* return `NotApplicable`. Any other error will cause the tuple
 	/// implementation (used to compose routing systems from different delivery agents) to exit
 	/// early without trying alternative means of delivery.
 	fn validate(
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/traits/weight.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/traits/weight.rs
index 72de3e0f433b96ed1718be70e3c0feb20340453a..61545c330621326e85884014d87cc3bfec674bd1 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/traits/weight.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-executor/src/traits/weight.rs
@@ -29,13 +29,6 @@ pub trait WeightBounds<RuntimeCall> {
 	fn instr_weight(instruction: &Instruction<RuntimeCall>) -> Result<Weight, ()>;
 }
 
-/// A means of getting approximate weight consumption for a given destination message executor and a
-/// message.
-pub trait UniversalWeigher {
-	/// Get the upper limit of weight required for `dest` to execute `message`.
-	fn weigh(dest: impl Into<Location>, message: Xcm<()>) -> Result<Weight, ()>;
-}
-
 /// Charge for weight in order to execute XCM.
 ///
 /// A `WeightTrader` may also be put into a tuple, in which case the default behavior of
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis/src/dry_run.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis/src/dry_run.rs
index c51a4a5376a32ba2253f253096b6c450676616ac..f0a70b0dacfe11773437f8e361d032f237f432bb 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis/src/dry_run.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis/src/dry_run.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,12 @@ sp_api::decl_runtime_apis! {
 	/// Calls or XCMs might fail when executed, this doesn't mean the result of these calls will be an `Err`.
 	/// In those cases, there might still be a valid result, with the execution error inside it.
 	/// The only reasons why these calls might return an error are listed in the [`Error`] enum.
-	pub trait DryRunApi<Call: Encode, Event: Decode, OriginCaller: Encode> {
+	pub trait DryRunApi<Call, Event, OriginCaller>
+	where
+		Call: Encode,
+		Event: Decode,
+		OriginCaller: Encode
+	{
 		/// Dry run call.
 		fn dry_run_call(origin: OriginCaller, call: Call) -> Result<CallDryRunEffects<Event>, Error>;
 
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis/tests/fee_estimation.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis/tests/fee_estimation.rs
index 889a50a2bab9045a464f72387f7697edc830e291..2d14b4e571c6724574d0751a12ea1f470c125da5 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis/tests/fee_estimation.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-runtime-apis/tests/fee_estimation.rs
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ fn fee_estimation_for_teleport() {
 fn dry_run_reserve_asset_transfer() {
 	sp_tracing::init_for_tests();
 	let who = 1; // AccountId = u64.
-			 // Native token used for fees.
+			  // Native token used for fees.
 	let balances = vec![(who, DeliveryFees::get() + ExistentialDeposit::get())];
 	// Relay token is the one we want to transfer.
 	let assets = vec![(1, who, 100)]; // id, account_id, balance.
diff --git a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-simulator/example/src/relay_chain/xcm_config/mod.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-simulator/example/src/relay_chain/xcm_config/mod.rs
index c5d5fa66732b939b9a03e1da2cf9c658c4e61acb..6218915cd12d632bfc4415d88bbe3f3784f8baa0 100644
--- a/polkadot/xcm/xcm-simulator/example/src/relay_chain/xcm_config/mod.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-simulator/example/src/relay_chain/xcm_config/mod.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ pub mod barrier;
 pub mod constants;
 pub mod location_converter;
 pub mod origin_converter;
+pub mod teleporter;
 pub mod weigher;
 
 use crate::relay_chain::{RuntimeCall, XcmPallet};
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ impl Config for XcmConfig {
 	type AssetTransactor = asset_transactor::AssetTransactor;
 	type OriginConverter = origin_converter::OriginConverter;
 	type IsReserve = ();
-	type IsTeleporter = ();
+	type IsTeleporter = teleporter::TrustedTeleporters;
 	type UniversalLocation = constants::UniversalLocation;
 	type Barrier = barrier::Barrier;
 	type Weigher = weigher::Weigher;
diff --git a/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/errors.rs b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-simulator/example/src/relay_chain/xcm_config/teleporter.rs
similarity index 65%
rename from polkadot/node/jaeger/src/errors.rs
rename to polkadot/xcm/xcm-simulator/example/src/relay_chain/xcm_config/teleporter.rs
index adedda34c7fc46ec6303b65bbfa328e1a960967f..92e5065044e63a75b2c2fc84bb4d3535dc8dc538 100644
--- a/polkadot/node/jaeger/src/errors.rs
+++ b/polkadot/xcm/xcm-simulator/example/src/relay_chain/xcm_config/teleporter.rs
@@ -14,15 +14,13 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-//! Polkadot Jaeger error definitions.
+use frame_support::parameter_types;
+use xcm::latest::prelude::*;
 
-/// A description of an error during jaeger initialization.
-#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
-pub enum JaegerError {
-	#[error("Already launched the collector thread")]
-	AlreadyLaunched,
-
-	#[error("Missing jaeger configuration")]
-	MissingConfiguration,
+parameter_types! {
+	pub NftCollectionOnRelay: AssetFilter
+		= Wild(AllOf { fun: WildNonFungible, id: AssetId(GeneralIndex(1).into()) });
+	pub NftCollectionForChild: (AssetFilter, Location)
+		= (NftCollectionOnRelay::get(), Parachain(1).into());
 }
+pub type TrustedTeleporters = xcm_builder::Case<NftCollectionForChild>;
diff --git a/polkadot/zombienet-sdk-tests/Cargo.toml b/polkadot/zombienet-sdk-tests/Cargo.toml
index 3374ad572b9ff65e50b5c215b96a10e75382ff1f..4eac7af49f8a9ea4ae775491b3aaed9fb436fd60 100644
--- a/polkadot/zombienet-sdk-tests/Cargo.toml
+++ b/polkadot/zombienet-sdk-tests/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ license.workspace = true
 publish = false
 
 [dependencies]
-env_logger = "0.11.2"
-log = "0.4"
-subxt = { version = "0.37", features = ["substrate-compat"] }
-subxt-signer = { version = "0.37" }
-tokio = { version = "1.36.0", features = ["rt-multi-thread"] }
-anyhow = "1.0.81"
-zombienet-sdk = "0.2.6"
-serde = "1.0.197"
-serde_json = "1.0.114"
-parity-scale-codec = { version = "3.6.9", features = ["derive"] }
+env_logger = { workspace = true }
+log = { workspace = true }
+subxt = { workspace = true, features = ["substrate-compat"] }
+subxt-signer = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread"] }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+zombienet-sdk = { workspace = true }
+serde = { workspace = true }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
+codec = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 
 [features]
 zombie-metadata = []
diff --git a/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0003-beefy-and-mmr.zndsl b/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0003-beefy-and-mmr.zndsl
index 8300ef051f09a8903b2469b3f36330c729c66125..4fc066a13b07e9622b8aa605bd9fda27bfe1c1a6 100644
--- a/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0003-beefy-and-mmr.zndsl
+++ b/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0003-beefy-and-mmr.zndsl
@@ -18,22 +18,22 @@ validator-unstable: reports substrate_beefy_best_block is at least 1 within 60 s
 validator-unstable: pause
 
 # Verify validator sets get changed on new sessions.
-validator: reports substrate_beefy_validator_set_id is at least 1 within 70 seconds
+validator: reports substrate_beefy_validator_set_id is at least 1 within 180 seconds
 # Check next session too.
-validator: reports substrate_beefy_validator_set_id is at least 2 within 130 seconds
+validator: reports substrate_beefy_validator_set_id is at least 2 within 180 seconds
 
 # Verify voting happens and blocks are being finalized for new sessions too:
 # since we verified we're at least in the 3rd session, verify BEEFY finalized mandatory #21.
-validator: reports substrate_beefy_best_block is at least 21 within 130 seconds
+validator: reports substrate_beefy_best_block is at least 21 within 180 seconds
 
 # Custom JS to test BEEFY RPCs.
-validator-0: js-script ./0003-beefy-finalized-heads.js with "validator-0,validator-1,validator-2" return is 1 within 5 seconds
+validator-0: js-script ./0003-beefy-finalized-heads.js with "validator-0,validator-1,validator-2" return is 1 within 60 seconds
 
 # Custom JS to test MMR RPCs.
-validator: js-script ./0003-mmr-leaves.js with "21" return is 1 within 5 seconds
-validator: js-script ./0003-mmr-generate-and-verify-proof.js with "validator-0,validator-1,validator-2" return is 1 within 5 seconds
+validator: js-script ./0003-mmr-leaves.js with "21" return is 1 within 60 seconds
+validator: js-script ./0003-mmr-generate-and-verify-proof.js with "validator-0,validator-1,validator-2" return is 1 within 60 seconds
 
 # Resume validator-unstable and verify it imports all BEEFY justification and catches up.
 validator-unstable: resume
-validator-unstable: reports substrate_beefy_validator_set_id is at least 2 within 30 seconds
-validator-unstable: reports substrate_beefy_best_block is at least 21 within 30 seconds
+validator-unstable: reports substrate_beefy_validator_set_id is at least 2 within 60 seconds
+validator-unstable: reports substrate_beefy_best_block is at least 21 within 60 seconds
diff --git a/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0009-approval-voting-coalescing.toml b/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0009-approval-voting-coalescing.toml
index 19c7015403d7d86b3ece2e7006995e86fc9c0ab7..113de0e73aa1028519abeb8aa3f1da020e8e5f7f 100644
--- a/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0009-approval-voting-coalescing.toml
+++ b/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0009-approval-voting-coalescing.toml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ requests = { memory = "2G", cpu = "1" }
 
   [[relaychain.node_groups]]
   name = "alice"
-  args = [ "-lparachain=trace,runtime=debug" ]
+  args = [ "-lparachain=debug,runtime=debug" ]
   count = 13
 
 [[parachains]]
diff --git a/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0016-approval-voting-parallel.toml b/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0016-approval-voting-parallel.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c035e23639c1421beeea6e95713b66bb4dec654c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0016-approval-voting-parallel.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+[settings]
+timeout = 1000
+
+[relaychain]
+default_image = "{{ZOMBIENET_INTEGRATION_TEST_IMAGE}}"
+chain = "rococo-local"
+
+[relaychain.genesis.runtimeGenesis.patch.configuration.config]
+  needed_approvals = 4
+  relay_vrf_modulo_samples = 2
+
+[relaychain.genesis.runtimeGenesis.patch.configuration.config.approval_voting_params]
+  max_approval_coalesce_count = 5
+
+[relaychain.default_resources]
+limits = { memory = "4G", cpu = "2" }
+requests = { memory = "2G", cpu = "1" }
+
+  [[relaychain.node_groups]]
+  name = "alice"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug,runtime=debug", "--enable-approval-voting-parallel"]
+  count = 8
+  
+  [[relaychain.node_groups]]
+  name = "bob"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug,runtime=debug"]
+  count = 7
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2000
+addToGenesis = true
+genesis_state_generator = "undying-collator export-genesis-state --pov-size=100000 --pvf-complexity=1"
+
+  [parachains.collator]
+  name = "collator01"
+  image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "undying-collator"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug", "--pov-size=100000", "--pvf-complexity=1", "--parachain-id=2000"]
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2001
+addToGenesis = true
+genesis_state_generator = "undying-collator export-genesis-state --pov-size=100000 --pvf-complexity=10"
+
+  [parachains.collator]
+  name = "collator02"
+  image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "undying-collator"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug", "--pov-size=100000", "--parachain-id=2001", "--pvf-complexity=10"]
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2002
+addToGenesis = true
+genesis_state_generator = "undying-collator export-genesis-state --pov-size=100000 --pvf-complexity=100"
+
+  [parachains.collator]
+  name = "collator03"
+  image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "undying-collator"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug", "--pov-size=100000", "--parachain-id=2002", "--pvf-complexity=100"]
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2003
+addToGenesis = true
+genesis_state_generator = "undying-collator export-genesis-state --pov-size=20000 --pvf-complexity=300"
+
+  [parachains.collator]
+  name = "collator04"
+  image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "undying-collator"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug", "--pov-size=20000", "--parachain-id=2003", "--pvf-complexity=300"]
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2004
+addToGenesis = true
+genesis_state_generator = "undying-collator export-genesis-state --pov-size=100000 --pvf-complexity=300"
+
+  [parachains.collator]
+  name = "collator05"
+  image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "undying-collator"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug", "--pov-size=100000", "--parachain-id=2004", "--pvf-complexity=300"]
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2005
+addToGenesis = true
+genesis_state_generator = "undying-collator export-genesis-state --pov-size=20000 --pvf-complexity=400"
+
+  [parachains.collator]
+  name = "collator06"
+  image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "undying-collator"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug", "--pov-size=20000",  "--pvf-complexity=400", "--parachain-id=2005"]
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2006
+addToGenesis = true
+genesis_state_generator = "undying-collator export-genesis-state --pov-size=100000 --pvf-complexity=300"
+
+  [parachains.collator]
+  name = "collator07"
+  image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "undying-collator"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug", "--pov-size=100000",  "--pvf-complexity=300", "--parachain-id=2006"]
+
+[[parachains]]
+id = 2007
+addToGenesis = true
+genesis_state_generator = "undying-collator export-genesis-state --pov-size=100000 --pvf-complexity=300"
+
+  [parachains.collator]
+  name = "collator08"
+  image = "{{COL_IMAGE}}"
+  command = "undying-collator"
+  args = ["-lparachain=debug", "--pov-size=100000",  "--pvf-complexity=300", "--parachain-id=2007"]
+
+[types.Header]
+number = "u64"
+parent_hash = "Hash"
+post_state = "Hash"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0016-approval-voting-parallel.zndsl b/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0016-approval-voting-parallel.zndsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d7070774747418b1e038e725ce81018e90147367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/polkadot/zombienet_tests/functional/0016-approval-voting-parallel.zndsl
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+Description: Check  finality works with approval voting parallel enabled
+Network: ./0016-approval-voting-parallel.toml
+Creds: config
+
+# Check authority status.
+alice: reports node_roles is 4
+
+# Ensure parachains are registered.
+alice: parachain 2000 is registered within 60 seconds
+alice: parachain 2001 is registered within 60 seconds
+alice: parachain 2002 is registered within 60 seconds
+alice: parachain 2003 is registered within 60 seconds
+alice: parachain 2004 is registered within 60 seconds
+alice: parachain 2005 is registered within 60 seconds
+alice: parachain 2006 is registered within 60 seconds
+alice: parachain 2007 is registered within 60 seconds
+
+# Ensure parachains made progress.
+alice: parachain 2000 block height is at least 10 within 300 seconds
+alice: parachain 2001 block height is at least 10 within 300 seconds
+alice: parachain 2002 block height is at least 10 within 300 seconds
+alice: parachain 2003 block height is at least 10 within 300 seconds
+alice: parachain 2004 block height is at least 10 within 300 seconds
+alice: parachain 2005 block height is at least 10 within 300 seconds
+alice: parachain 2006 block height is at least 10 within 300 seconds
+alice: parachain 2007 block height is at least 10 within 300 seconds
+
+alice: reports substrate_block_height{status="finalized"} is at least 30 within 180 seconds
+bob: reports substrate_block_height{status="finalized"} is at least 30 within 180 seconds
+
+alice: reports polkadot_parachain_approval_checking_finality_lag < 3
+bob: reports polkadot_parachain_approval_checking_finality_lag < 3
+
+alice: reports polkadot_parachain_approvals_no_shows_total < 3 within 10 seconds
+bob: reports polkadot_parachain_approvals_no_shows_total < 3 within 10 seconds
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_2923.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_2923.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_2923.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_2923.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_3049.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_3049.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_3049.prdoc
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similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5467.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5467.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5509.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5509.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5509.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5509.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5513.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5513.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5513.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5513.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5527.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5527.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5527.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5527.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5538.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5538.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5538.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5538.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5546.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5546.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5546.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5546.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5563.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5563.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cbf436125bb5e1125dae8340963721eb314a1392
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5563.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+title: "snowbridge: improve destination fee handling to avoid trapping fees dust"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime User
+    description: |
+      On Ethereum -> Polkadot Asset Hub messages, whether they are a token transfer
+      or a `Transact` for registering a new token, any unspent fees are deposited to
+      Snowbridge's sovereign account on Asset Hub, rather than trapped in AH's asset trap.
+
+crates:
+  - name: snowbridge-router-primitives
+    bump: patch
+  - name: snowbridge-pallet-inbound-queue
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5580.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5580.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5580.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5580.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5581.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5581.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5581.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5581.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5594.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5594.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5594.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5594.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5632.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5632.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5632.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5632.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5644.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5644.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5644.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5644.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5649.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5649.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1f4c97aa1753a924c87050d8d08a904042f66ac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5649.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+title: "Bridges lane id agnostic for backwards compatibility"
+
+doc:
+- audience: Runtime Dev
+  description: |
+    This PR improves support for handling `LaneId` backwards compatibility with the previously merged [PR](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/4949).
+    If `pallet_bridge_messages` or `pallet_bridge_relayers` used `LaneId([u8; 4])` previously, they should now set `type LaneId = LegacyLaneId;`.
+
+crates:
+- name: bridge-runtime-common
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: staging-xcm-executor
+  bump: none
+- name: parachains-runtimes-test-utils
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-messages
+  bump: major
+- name: bp-relayers
+  bump: major
+- name: bp-xcm-bridge-hub
+  bump: major
+- name: pallet-bridge-messages
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-bridge-relayers
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-xcm-bridge-hub
+  bump: major
+- name: emulated-integration-tests-common
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-bridge-hub-kusama
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-bridge-hub-polkadot
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-bridge-hub-rococo
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-bridge-hub-westend
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-polkadot-bulletin
+  bump: patch
+- name: bridge-hub-rococo-runtime
+  bump: major
+- name: bridge-hub-westend-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-parachain-bin
+  bump: none
+- name: bridge-hub-test-utils
+  bump: major
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5655.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5655.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5655.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5655.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5660.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5660.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fce791cebb65a5a11c37a85587b4afc9174a2cb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5660.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "xcm-executor: validate destinations for ReserveWithdraw and Teleport transfers"
+
+doc:
+  - audience:
+      - Runtime User
+      - Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      This change adds the required validation for stronger UX guarantees when using
+      `InitiateReserveWithdraw` or `InitiateTeleport` XCM instructions. Execution of
+      the instructions will fail if the local chain is not configured to trust the
+      "destination" or "reserve" chain as a reserve/trusted-teleporter for the provided
+      "assets".
+      With this change, misuse of `InitiateReserveWithdraw`/`InitiateTeleport` fails on
+      origin with no overall side-effects, rather than failing on destination (with
+      side-effects to origin's assets issuance).
+      The commit also makes the same validations for pallet-xcm transfers, and adds
+      regression tests.
+
+crates:
+  - name: staging-xcm-executor
+    bump: patch
+  - name: staging-xcm-builder
+    bump: patch
+  - name: pallet-xcm
+    bump: patch
+  - name: xcm-simulator-example
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5671.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5671.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..364165ec820edf980b6a49e0a1ff5246e98385ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5671.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Snowbridge free consensus updates border condition fix
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      A fix for a border condition introduced with the Ethereum client free consensus updates. A malicious relayer could
+      spam the Ethereum client with sync committee updates that have already been imported for the period. This PR adds
+      a storage item to track the last imported sync committee period, so that subsequent irrelevant updates are not free.
+      No impact for users or relayers, since the feature introducing the border condition has not been released.
+
+crates:
+  - name: snowbridge-pallet-ethereum-client
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5678.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5678.prdoc
similarity index 94%
rename from prdoc/pr_5678.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5678.prdoc
index af1fac31c56099fb5540c8f0fd1b518461178edb..ebb5e5a0d79facf64f35008a3a48f65cdce56d20 100644
--- a/prdoc/pr_5678.prdoc
+++ b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5678.prdoc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 title: 'rpc server: fix deny unsafe on RpcMethods::Auto'
 doc:
-- audience: Node User
+- audience: Node Operator
   description: |-
     Close #5677
 
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5688.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5688.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5688.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5688.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5695.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5695.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5695.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5695.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5712.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5712.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5712.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5712.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5713.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5713.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5713.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5713.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5747.prdoc b/prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5747.prdoc
similarity index 100%
rename from prdoc/pr_5747.prdoc
rename to prdoc/1.16.0/pr_5747.prdoc
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_4251.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_4251.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4d4fcd73469232939c8f25e8861847d5f61bbb1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_4251.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+title: MBM `try-runtime` support
+doc:
+- audience: Runtime Dev
+  description: |
+    # MBM try-runtime support
+
+    This MR adds support to the try-runtime
+    trait such that the try-runtime-CLI will be able to support MBM testing [here](https://github.com/paritytech/try-runtime-cli/pull/90).
+    It mainly adds two feature-gated hooks to the `SteppedMigration` hook to facilitate
+    testing. These hooks are named `pre_upgrade` and `post_upgrade` and have the
+    same signature and implications as for single-block migrations.
+
+    ## Integration
+        
+    To make use of this in your Multi-Block-Migration, just implement the two new hooks and test pre- and post-conditions in them:
+
+    ```rust
+    #[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+    fn pre_upgrade() -> Result<Vec<u8>, frame_support::sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>
+    {
+      // ...
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+    fn post_upgrade(prev: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), frame_support::sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
+        // ...
+    }
+    ```
+
+    You may return an error or panic in these functions to indicate failure.
+    This will then show up in the try-runtime-CLI and can be used in CI for testing.
+
+        
+    Changes:
+    - Adds `try-runtime` gated methods `pre_upgrade` and `post_upgrade`
+      on `SteppedMigration`
+    - Adds `try-runtime` gated methods `nth_pre_upgrade`
+      and `nth_post_upgrade` on `SteppedMigrations`
+    - Modifies `pallet_migrations`
+      implementation to run pre_upgrade and post_upgrade steps at the appropriate times, and panic in the event of migration failure.
+crates:
+- name: asset-hub-rococo-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: asset-hub-westend-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: bridge-hub-rococo-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: bridge-hub-westend-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: collectives-westend-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: contracts-rococo-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: coretime-rococo-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: coretime-westend-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: people-rococo-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: people-westend-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: penpal-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: polkadot-parachain-bin
+  bump: minor
+- name: rococo-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: westend-runtime
+  bump: minor
+- name: frame-executive
+  bump: minor
+- name: pallet-migrations
+  bump: minor
+- name: frame-support
+  bump: minor
+- name: frame-system
+  bump: minor
+- name: frame-try-runtime
+  bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_4639.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_4639.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dfdd60f2bdb2b3a2dd73334c7cfbace5979a7691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_4639.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+title: "Added the fork-aware transaction pool implementation"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      Most important changes introduced by this PR:
+       - The transaction pool references spread across codebase are now wrapper to a transaction pool trait object,
+       - The fork-aware pool implementation was added.
+       - The `sc-transaction-pool` refactored,
+       - Trasnaction pool builder was introduced to allow to instantiation of either old or new transaction pool. Refer to PR description for
+       more details on how to enable fork-aware pool in the custom node.
+  - audience: Node Operator
+    description: |
+       - New command line option was added, allowing to select implementation of transaction pool:
+         - `--pool-type=fork-aware`  - new fork aware transaction pool,
+         - `--pool-type=single-state` - old transaction pool implementation which is still default,
+
+crates:
+  - name: sc-basic-authorship
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-cli
+    bump: major
+  - name: sc-consensus-manual-seal
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-network-transactions
+    bump: none
+  - name: sc-rpc
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-rpc-spec-v2
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-offchain
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-service
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-service-test
+    bump: minor
+  - name: sc-transaction-pool
+    bump: major
+  - name: sc-transaction-pool-api
+    bump: major
+    validate: false
+  - name: sp-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: substrate-test-runtime-transaction-pool
+    bump: minor
+  - name: staging-node-cli
+    bump: minor
+  - name: node-bench
+    bump: patch
+  - name: node-rpc
+    bump: minor
+  - name: substrate-prometheus-endpoint
+    bump: patch
+  - name: substrate-frame-rpc-system
+    bump: patch
+  - name: minimal-template-node
+    bump: minor
+  - name: parachain-template-node
+    bump: minor
+  - name: solochain-template-node
+    bump: minor
+  - name: polkadot-service
+    bump: patch
+  - name: cumulus-client-service
+    bump: patch
+  - name: cumulus-test-service
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-omni-node-lib
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_4803.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_4803.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0d2ad08d610f0ae15fc75ad37e10c14387a6322b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_4803.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Fix for issue #4762
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      When the status of the queue is on_initialize, throw a defensive message and return weight of 0, 
+      however when status is on_idle, do not throw a defensive message, only return weight of 0
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-message-queue
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_4837.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_4837.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..55c12cc92a1c10206f37ec3e94a5d955b52976d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_4837.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Add PVF execution priority
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      The new logic optimizes the distribution of execution jobs for disputes, approvals, and backings.
+      The main goal is to create back pressure for backing in the presence of disputes or numerous approval jobs.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-pvf
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-overseer
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-subsystem-types
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-approval-voting
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-backing
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-candidate-validation
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-dispute-coordinator
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_4849.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_4849.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1852951510680423906321ceadac35e8b5749032
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_4849.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+title: Introduce approval-voting-parallel subsystem
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+        This introduces a new subsystem called approval-voting-parallel. It combines the tasks 
+        previously handled by the approval-voting and approval-distribution subsystems.
+        
+        The new subsystem is enabled by default on all test networks. On production networks 
+        like Polkadot and Kusama, the legacy system with two separate subsystems is still in use. 
+        However, there is a CLI option --enable-approval-voting-parallel to gradually roll out 
+        the new subsystem on specific nodes. Once we are confident that it works as expected, 
+        it will be enabled by default on all networks.
+        
+        The approval-voting-parallel subsystem coordinates two groups of workers:
+        - Four approval-distribution workers that operate in parallel, each handling tasks based 
+          on the validator_index of the message originator.
+        - One approval-voting worker that performs the tasks previously managed by the standalone
+          approval-voting subsystem.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-overseer
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-node-primitives
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-node-subsystem-types
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-service
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-approval-distribution
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-approval-voting
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-network-bridge
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-dispute-coordinator
+    bump: major
+  - name: cumulus-relay-chain-inprocess-interface
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-cli
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-sdk
+    bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_4851.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_4851.prdoc
index 923ca4bfff5df54d423e527df859c1c8a3df95f7..2110a68d401ca0332b679a266cc6fce102b8d675 100644
--- a/prdoc/pr_4851.prdoc
+++ b/prdoc/pr_4851.prdoc
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ title: Add support for deprecation metadata in `RuntimeMetadataIr` entries.
 
 doc:
   - audience: 
-      - Runtime dev
-      - Runtime user
+      - Runtime Dev
+      - Runtime User
     description: |
       Changes introduced are listed below.
       Adds `DeprecationStatusIR` enum to sp_metadata_ir.
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_4982.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_4982.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9e6d103a0ad8fb864f103824506483dcc0d1c61c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_4982.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+title: Add useful error logs in pallet-xcm
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      This PR adds error logs to assist in debugging pallet-xcm.
+      Additionally, it replaces the usage of `log` with `tracing`.
+
+crates:
+  - name: staging-xcm-executor
+    bump: patch
+  - name: pallet-xcm
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5274.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5274.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fb76ce661b4e2d2d546c557b46c273041b7cff63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5274.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+title: Enrich metadata IR with associated types of config traits
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      This feature is part of the upcoming metadata V16. The associated types of the `Config` trait that require the `TypeInfo`
+      or `Parameter` bounds are included in the metadata of the pallet. The metadata is not yet exposed to the end-user, however
+      the metadata intermediate representation (IR) contains these types.
+
+      Developers can opt out of metadata collection of the associated types by specifying `without_metadata` optional attribute
+      to the `#[pallet::config]`.
+
+      Furthermore, the `without_metadata` argument can be used in combination with the newly added `#[pallet::include_metadata]`
+      attribute to selectively include only certain associated types in the metadata collection.
+
+crates:
+  - name: frame-support
+    bump: patch
+  - name: frame-support-procedural
+    bump: patch
+  - name: frame-support-procedural-tools
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sp-metadata-ir
+    bump: major
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5435.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5435.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d3621e385bcdea8ab6326e8db9de36d49810db4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5435.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+title: "Support registering assets on Asset Hubs over bridge"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime User
+    description: |
+      Allows one Asset Hub on one side, to register assets on the other Asset Hub over the bridge.  
+      Rococo <> Ethereum test bridge will be dropped in favor of Westend <> Ethereum test bridge.
+      This PR also changes emulated tests to simulate double bridging from Ethereum<>Westend<>Rococo.
+
+crates:
+  - name: assets-common
+    bump: patch
+  - name: asset-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: asset-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5599.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5599.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..990d2bb4e18f737f936ef67d1a6854ad977694bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5599.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Add assets in pool with native to query_acceptable_payment_assets
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      The `XcmPaymentApi::query_acceptable_payment_assets` API can be used to get a list of all
+      the assets that can be used for fee payment.
+      This is usually just the native asset, but the asset hubs have the asset conversion pallet.
+      In the case of the asset hubs, this list now includes all assets in a liquidity pool with
+      the native one.
+
+crates:
+  - name: asset-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+  - name: asset-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5623.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5623.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c0701e0e1b518f90869ae6cc04979150abcd587e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5623.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Generic slashing side-effects
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      What?
+      Make it possible for other pallets to implement their own logic when a slash on a balance occurs.
+
+      How?
+      First we abstract the done_slash function of holds::Balanced to it's own trait that any pallet can implement.
+      Then we add a config type in pallet-balances that accepts a callback tuple of all the pallets that implement this trait.
+      Finally implement done_slash for pallet-balances such that it calls the config type.
+      Integration
+      The default implementation of done_slash is still an empty function, and the new config type of pallet-balances can be set to an empty tuple, so nothing changes by default.
+
+crates:
+  - name: frame-support
+    bump: major
+
+  - name: pallet-balances
+    bump: major
+
+  - name: pallet-broker
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: pallet-nis
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: pallet-assets-freezer
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: pallet-contracts-mock-network
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: pallet-revive-mock-network
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: asset-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: asset-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: bridge-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: bridge-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: collectives-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: coretime-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: coretime-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: people-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: people-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: penpal-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: contracts-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: rococo-parachain-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: staging-xcm-builder
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: polkadot-sdk
+    bump: minor
+
+
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5630.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5630.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bafb9e746d40a9ac72ce1a8a30c33855e2cb2f8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5630.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Introduce and Implement the `VestedTransfer` Trait
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      This PR introduces a new trait `VestedTransfer` which is implemented by `pallet_vesting`. With this, other pallets can easily introduce vested transfers into their logic.
+
+crates:
+  - name: frame-support
+    bump: minor
+  - name: pallet-vesting
+    bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5676.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5676.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dfe23e120b4b1c6d6a3310df25a288add203f585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5676.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+title: '[ci] Update CI image with rust 1.81.0 and 2024-09-11'
+doc:
+- audience: [Runtime Dev, Node Dev, Node Operator]
+  description: |-
+    cc https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/issues/1035
+
+    close https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/issues/1023
+crates:
+- name: pallet-xcm-bridge-hub
+  bump: patch
+- name: snowbridge-router-primitives
+  bump: patch
+- name: snowbridge-runtime-common
+  bump: patch
+- name: cumulus-pallet-parachain-system
+  bump: patch
+- name: asset-hub-rococo-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: asset-hub-westend-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: asset-test-utils
+  bump: patch
+- name: bridge-hub-test-utils
+  bump: patch
+- name: cumulus-primitives-utility
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-node-core-approval-voting
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-node-core-pvf-common
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-approval-distribution
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-availability-recovery
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-node-subsystem-types
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-runtime-parachains
+  bump: patch
+- name: westend-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-statement-table
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-xcm-benchmarks
+  bump: patch
+- name: staging-xcm-builder
+  bump: patch
+- name: xcm-runtime-apis
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-cli
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-consensus-grandpa
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-network
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-network-sync
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-rpc-spec-v2
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-bags-list
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-balances
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-bounties
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-child-bounties
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-nis
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-referenda
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-revive-proc-macro
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-society
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-staking
+  bump: patch
+- name: frame-support-procedural
+  bump: patch
+- name: frame-support
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-transaction-payment
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-utility
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-vesting
+  bump: patch
+- name: substrate-wasm-builder
+  bump: patch
+- name: snowbridge-outbound-queue-merkle-tree
+  bump: patch
+- name: shell-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-parachain-lib
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-cli
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-node-core-pvf
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-service
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-primitives
+  bump: patch
+- name: staging-xcm-executor
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-consensus-beefy
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-consensus-slots
+  bump: patch
+- name: frame-benchmarking-pallet-pov
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-contracts
+  bump: patch
+- name: frame-election-provider-support
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-revive-mock-network
+  bump: patch
+- name: frame-benchmarking-cli
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-utils
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-beefy-mmr
+  bump: patch
+- name: sp-state-machine
+  bump: patch
+- name: fork-tree
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-transaction-pool
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-delegated-staking
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-executor-wasmtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue
+  bump: patch
+- name: xcm-procedural
+  bump: patch
+- name: sp-application-crypto
+  bump: patch
+- name: sp-core
+  bump: patch
+- name: sp-keyring
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-availability-distribution
+  bump: patch
+- name: sp-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-authority-discovery
+  bump: patch
+- name: frame-system
+  bump: patch
+- name: sc-network-gossip
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-authorship
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-election-provider-multi-phase
+  bump: patch
+- name: sp-runtime-interface
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-bridge-grandpa
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-elections-phragmen
+  bump: patch
+- name: frame-executive
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-header-chain
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-overseer
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot
+  bump: patch
+- name: bridge-hub-westend-runtime
+  bump: major
+- name: bp-messages
+  bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5679.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5679.prdoc
index 988d6408cec0c7c3bc4b8e0acdeb202684435393..59c36ecb933d642fba3b56b498ae6520f8c99a11 100644
--- a/prdoc/pr_5679.prdoc
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5679.prdoc
@@ -1,42 +1,80 @@
-title: "Switch to new `CandidateReceipt` primitives"
-
+title: Switch to new `CandidateReceipt` primitives
 doc:
-  - audience: Node Dev
-    description: |
-      This change is just plumbing work and updates all crate interfaces to use the new primitives.
-      Id doesn't alter any functionality and is required before implementing RFC103 on the 
-      node side. 
-
+- audience:
+  - Node Dev
+  - Runtime Dev
+  description: |
+    This change is just plumbing work and updates all crate interfaces to use the new primitives.
+    It doesn't alter any functionality and is required before implementing RFC103 on the 
+    node side. 
 crates:
-  - name: polkadot-primitives
-    bump: minor
-  - name: polkadot-runtime-parachains
-    bump: minor
-  - name: cumulus-client-consensus-common
-    bump: major
-  - name: cumulus-client-pov-recovery
-    bump: major
-  - name: cumulus-relay-chain-interface
-    bump: major
-  - name: polkadot-node-core-candidate-validation
-    bump: major
-  - name: polkadot-node-core-dispute-coordinator
-    bump: major
-  - name: polkadot-node-core-parachains-inherent
-    bump: major
-  - name: polkadot-node-core-prospective-parachains
-    bump: major
-  - name: polkadot-node-core-provisioner
-    bump: major
-  - name: polkadot-node-core-runtime-api
-    bump: major
-  - name: cumulus-client-network
-    bump: major
-  - name: cumulus-relay-chain-inprocess-interface
-    bump: major
-  - name: cumulus-client-consensus-aura
-    bump: major
-  - name: cumulus-relay-chain-minimal-node 
-    bump: major
-  - name: cumulus-relay-chain-rpc-interface
-    bump: major
+- name: polkadot-primitives
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-runtime-parachains
+  bump: patch
+- name: rococo-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: westend-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: cumulus-relay-chain-inprocess-interface
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-service
+  bump: patch
+- name: polkadot-node-subsystem-types
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot
+  bump: patch
+- name: cumulus-client-network
+  bump: major
+- name: cumulus-client-pov-recovery
+  bump: major
+- name: cumulus-relay-chain-interface
+  bump: major
+- name: cumulus-relay-chain-minimal-node
+  bump: major
+- name: cumulus-relay-chain-rpc-interface
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-collation-generation
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-approval-voting
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-av-store
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-backing
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-candidate-validation
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-dispute-coordinator
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-parachains-inherent
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-prospective-parachains
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-provisioner
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-core-runtime-api
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-availability-distribution
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-availability-recovery
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-collator-protocol
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-dispute-distribution
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-network-protocol
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-statement-distribution
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-primitives
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-node-subsystem-util
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-statement-table
+  bump: major
+- name: polkadot-overseer
+  bump: patch
+- name: cumulus-client-consensus-common
+  bump: major
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5684.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5684.prdoc
index a17bacd2fb949598d9ca9b1b0fa248bd8a6befc2..9800c85de2ae431e97a3b9546274d3e4d4c7e1ce 100644
--- a/prdoc/pr_5684.prdoc
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5684.prdoc
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 title: "[pallet-revive]"
 
 doc:
-  - audience: Runtime Devs
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
     description: |
       Update xcm runtime api, and fix pallet-revive xcm tests
 
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5707.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5707.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..11136b3c3626441d5500cbf4b79ef469c2fa2ea1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5707.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Remove ValidateFromChainState
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      Removed the `CandidateValidationMessage::ValidateFromChainState`, which was previously used by backing, but is no longer relevant since initial async backing implementation
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-node-subsystem-types
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-candidate-validation
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-overseer
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5716.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5716.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a986662337295d7f1350422efb8c705cb59b6b1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5716.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Replace `lazy_static` with `LazyLock`
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      Replace all lazy_static usages with LazyLock from the Rust standard library. This will bring us less dependencies. 
+
+crates:
+  - name: sp-core
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sp-panic-handler
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sp-trie
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-utils
+    bump: major
+  - name: cumulus-pallet-parachain-system
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sp-consensus-beefy
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-primitives
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-jaeger
+    bump: patch
+  - name: frame-benchmarking-cli
+    bump: major
+  - name: sc-offchain
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-dispute-distribution
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-gossip-support
+    bump: patch
+  - name: xcm-emulator
+    bump: patch  
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5741.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5741.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5eafbc90ee85e07c8fb230a5db6cb8a73f5c4e07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5741.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: make RPC endpoint `chainHead_v1_storage` faster
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Operator
+    description: |
+      The RPC endpoint `chainHead_v1_storage` now relies solely on backpressure to
+      determine how quickly to serve back values instead of handing back a fixed number
+      of entries and then expecting the client to ask for more. This should improve the 
+      throughput for bigger storage queries significantly.
+
+      Benchmarks using subxt on localhost:
+        - Iterate over 10 accounts on westend-dev -> ~2-3x faster
+        - Fetch 1024 storage values (i.e, not descedant values) -> ~50x faster
+        - Fetch 1024 descendant values -> ~500x faster
+
+crates: 
+  - name: sc-rpc-spec-v2
+    bump: major
+  - name: sc-rpc-server
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-service
+    bump: major
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5756.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5756.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..525f955d3ac122cb73957deccfa1afb6a20c66d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5756.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Improve APIs for Tries in Runtime
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      This PR introduces a trait `ProvingTrie` which has all the function you need to use tries in the runtime.
+      This trait includes the ability to create, query, and prove data in a trie. Another trait `ProofToHashes`
+      allows developers to express the computational complexity of proof verification using the proof data.
+crates:
+  - name: sp-runtime
+    bump: major
+  - name: frame-support
+    bump: major
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5765.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5765.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e8ecca8ba0fffa4dd3333a27fbcfaf2f9b66d05d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5765.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "Added foreign locations to local accounts converter to all the parachains."
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      Added foreign locations to local accounts converter to all the parachains.
+      i.e. added HashedDescription<AccountId, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>> to LocationToAccountId
+
+  - audience: Runtime User
+    description: |
+      Now any user account can have a sovereign account on another chain controlled by the original account.
+
+crates:
+  - name: asset-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: bridge-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: bridge-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: collectives-westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: contracts-rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: coretime-rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: coretime-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+  - name: people-rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: people-westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: penpal-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: asset-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5779.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5779.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..659a3a19f695492c0dc2f9a03b6c64a0f528cd93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5779.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+title: "[pallet-revive] last call return data API"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      This PR introduces 2 new syscall: `return_data_size` and `return_data_copy`,
+      resembling the semantics of the EVM `RETURNDATASIZE` and `RETURNDATACOPY` opcodes.
+
+      The ownership of `ExecReturnValue` (the return data) has moved to the `Frame`.
+      This allows implementing the new contract API surface functionality in ext with no additional copies.
+      Returned data is passed via contract memory, memory is (will be) metered,
+      hence the amount of returned data can not be statically known,
+      so we should avoid storing copies of the returned data if we can.
+      By moving the ownership of the exectuables return value into the `Frame` struct we achieve this.
+
+      A zero-copy implementation of those APIs would be technically possible without that internal change by making
+      the callsite in the runtime responsible for moving the returned data into the frame after any call.
+      However, resetting the stored output needs to be handled in ext, since plain transfers will _not_ affect the
+      stored return data (and we don't want to handle this special call case inside the `runtime` API).
+      This has drawbacks:
+        - It can not be tested easily in the mock.
+        - It introduces an inconsistency where resetting the stored output is handled in ext,
+          but the runtime API is responsible to store it back correctly after any calls made.
+          Instead, with ownership of the data in `Frame`, both can be handled in a single place.
+          Handling both in `fn run()` is more natural and leaves less room for runtime API bugs.
+
+      The returned output is reset each time _before_ running any executable in a nested stack.
+      This change should not incur any overhead to the overall memory usage as _only_ the returned data from the last
+      executed frame will be kept around at any time.
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-revive
+    bump: major
+  - name: pallet-revive-fixtures
+    bump: minor
+  - name: pallet-revive-uapi
+    bump: minor
+  
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5789.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5789.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9a808fc89d595d51deba7a240e2fb3f4bfdb0ce0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5789.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Prevents EthereumBlobExporter from consuming parameters when returning NotApplicable
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+     When the EthereumBlobExporter returned a NotApplicable error, it consumed parameters `universal_source`,
+     `destination` and `message`. As a result, subsequent exporters could not use these values. This PR corrects
+     this incorrect behaviour. It also changes error type from `Unroutable` to `NotApplicable` when the global consensus
+     system cannot be extracted from the `universal_source`, or when the source location cannot be converted to an agent
+     ID. Lastly, it changes the error type from `MissingArgument` to `NotApplicable` when the parachain ID cannot be
+     extracted from the location. These changes should have no effect - it is purely to correct behvaiour should
+     multiple exporters be used.
+
+crates:
+  - name: snowbridge-router-primitives
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5804.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5804.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..beef83860cc51f3eec8c30666913197e6de7eee3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5804.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Refactor get_account_id_from_seed / get_from_seed to one common place
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      `get_account_id_from_seed / get_from_seed` were copied all over the place. This PR removes unnecessary code duplication.
+      `Keyring::iter()` provides the same functionality and is used instead.
+
+crates: 
+  - name: polkadot-runtime-common
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-service
+    bump: major
+  - name: sp-keyring
+    bump: major
+  - name: rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: parachains-common
+    bump: major
+  - name: emulated-integration-tests-common
+    bump: major
+  - name: xcm-emulator
+    bump: major
+  - name: asset-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: asset-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: bridge-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: bridge-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: collectives-westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-parachain-bin
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sp-core
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5811.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5811.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..103fef4bb8b09707346942576aa3b232ea9b28be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5811.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "Improve `import_notification_stream` documentation" 
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      "Updates the doc comment on the `import_notification_stream` to make its behaviour clearer. Now it specifically states that this notification stream is fired on every import notification after the initial sync, and only when there are re-orgs in the initial sync."
+
+crates:
+  - name: sc-client-api
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5824.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5824.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..136cd6bfee8432e5ae99e7829a105a5a5a3265f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5824.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+title: "Bump parachains runtime API to v11"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: [ Node Dev, Runtime Dev ]
+    description: |
+      This PR promotes all staging methods in v10 to stable and releases v11 stable runtime 
+      APIs.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-runtime-parachains
+    bump: major
+  - name: rococo-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-test-runtime
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5830.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5830.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..10b586e4a4afad0fa3f180f5e06764b4e3554357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5830.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+title: "Remove jaeger from approval-voting and approval-distribution"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      Jaeger was remove from approval-voting and approval-distribution because
+      it did not prove to improve the debugging and it wasted precious cpu cycles.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-approval-distribution
+    bump: none
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-approval-voting
+    bump: none
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5838.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5838.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f6ce091a12dec27e59912d84729da998de714434
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5838.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: enable wasm builder diagnostics propagation
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      `substrate-wasm-builder` is used as a build dependency by crates that implement FRAME runtimes.
+      Errors that occur in these crates can not be detected by IDEs that use rust-analyzer as a language
+      server because rust-analyzer needs the errors to be reported as diagnostic message in json format to
+      be able to publish them to language server clients. This PR adds `WASM_BUILD_CARGO_ARGS` environment
+      variable, which can hold a space separated list of args that will be parsed and passed to the `cargo`
+      command that it is used for building against wasm target. It can be used for the stated initial case,
+      but it is also flexible enough to allow passing other arguments or formatting the messages using another
+      available type.
+crates:
+  - name: substrate-wasm-builder 
+    bump: patch
+
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5839.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5839.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1dc95fe5c333ffeae9f67f636d5c995079405a3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5839.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Remove internal workaround for compiler bug
+
+doc:
+  - audience:
+    - Runtime Dev
+    - Node Dev
+    description: |
+      Remove a workaround we had in the `impl_runtime_apis` macro for a compiler bug that has been long fixed.
+      No impact on downstream users is expected, except relaxed trait bounds in a few places where the compiler
+      is now able to deduce more type info itself.
+
+crates:
+    - name: sp-api-proc-macro
+      bump: patch
+    - name: frame-support-procedural
+      bump: patch
+    - name: polkadot-parachain-lib
+      bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5845.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5845.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6b214d7599b5b59ffc7ad294a44db78f74605fe1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5845.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Fix compilation after renaming some of benchmarks in pallet_revive.
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      Changed the "instr" benchmark so that it should no longer return to little weight. It is still bogus but at least benchmarking should not work.
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-revive
+    bump: patch
+  - name: pallet-revive-fixtures 
+    bump: major
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5856.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5856.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..383e95e3da88cf7192043fa54118043e5a4f07ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5856.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Extend state tracking of chainHead to capture notification gaps
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      This PR extends the state tracking of the RPC-v2 chainHead methods.
+      ChainHead tracks the reported blocks to detect notification gaps.
+      This state tracking ensures we can detect `NewBlock` events for
+      which we did not report previously the parent hash.
+
+crates:
+  - name: sc-rpc-spec-v2
+    bump: minor
+
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5857.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5857.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00ee0a8cc70478766940ce33e04fb66f7ec2dc61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5857.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "Beefy equivocation: check all the MMR roots"
+
+doc:
+  - audience:
+    - Runtime Dev
+    - Runtime User
+    description: |
+      This PR adjusts the logic for `report_fork_voting` exposed by `pallet-beefy`.
+      Normally, the BEEFY protocol only accepts a single MMR Root entry in a commitment's payload. But, in order to
+      be extra careful, now, when validating equivocation reports, we check all the MMR roots, if there are more.
+
+crates:
+  - name: sp-consensus-beefy
+    bump: patch
+  - name: pallet-beefy-mmr
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5859.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5859.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..edb3008238b30d29e22531a8677d7c1a7765eba3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5859.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+title: Add number of live peers available for requests
+
+doc:
+  - audience: [Node Operator, Node Dev]
+    description: |
+      This PR adds a new metric for the number of live peers available for beefy requests.
+      The metric is exposed under the name `substrate_beefy_on_demand_live_peers`.
+
+crates:
+  - name: sc-consensus-beefy
+    bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5861.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5861.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e2187dc1bddecd56c84250405ba676a576e7baa5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5861.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+title: "[pallet-revive] immutable data storage"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      This PR introduces the concept of immutable storage data, used for
+      [Solidity immutable variables](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/contracts.html#immutable).
+      
+      This is a minimal implementation. Immutable data is attached to a contract; to 
+      `ContractInfo` fixed in size, we only store the length there, and store the immutable
+      data in a dedicated storage map instead. Which comes at the cost of requiring an
+      storage read (costly) for contracts using this feature.
+      
+      We discussed more optimal solutions not requiring any additional storage accesses
+      internally, but they turned out to be non-trivial to implement. Another optimization
+      benefiting multiple calls to the same contract in a single call stack would be to cache
+      the immutable data in `Stack`. However, this potential creates a DOS vulnerability (the
+      attack vector is to call into as many contracts in a single stack as possible, where
+      they all have maximum immutable data to fill the cache as efficiently as possible). So
+      this either has to be guaranteed to be a non-issue by limits, or, more likely, to have
+      some logic to bound the cache. Eventually, we should think about introducing the concept
+      of warm and cold storage reads (akin to EVM). Since immutable variables are commonly
+      used in contracts, this change is blocking our initial launch and we should only
+      optimize it properly in follow-ups.
+      
+      This PR also disables the `set_code_hash` API (which isn't usable for Solidity contracts
+      without pre-compiles anyways). With immutable storage attached to contracts, we now want
+      to run the constructor of the new code hash to collect the immutable data during
+      `set_code_hash`. This will be implemented in a follow up PR.
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-revive
+    bump: major
+  - name: pallet-revive-fixtures
+    bump: patch
+  - name: pallet-revive-uapi
+    bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5872.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5872.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cf4f0b24f8db3f1b0728dbfba4da405d1d984c81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5872.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+title: '[omni-bencher] Make all runtimes work'
+doc:
+- audience: Runtime Dev
+  description: |-
+    Changes:
+    - Add `--exclude-pallets` to exclude some pallets from runtimes where we dont have genesis presets yet
+    - Make `--genesis-builder-policy=none` work with `--runtime`
+    - CI: Run the frame-omni-bencher for all runtimes
+crates:
+- name: frame-benchmarking-cli
+  bump: major
+- name: contracts-rococo-runtime
+  bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5875.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5875.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fb308c02dde5685878778f307a3617f86f579626
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5875.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+title: "Remove jaeger from polkadot"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: [ Node Dev, Node Operator ]
+    description: |
+      Jaeger was remove from the codebase because it was not used by anyone
+      and it did not help with the debugging.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-sdk
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-overseer
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-node-subsystem
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-subsystem-types
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-node-network-protocol
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-service
+    bump: major
+  - name: polkadot-availability-distribution
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-availability-recovery
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-av-store
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-statement-distribution
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-collator-protocol
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-availability-bitfield-distribution
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-network-bridge
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-collation-generation
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-candidate-validation
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-provisioner
+    bump: patch
+  - name: cumulus-relay-chain-inprocess-interface
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-cli
+    bump: major
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5880.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5880.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b246bff11f8d712138dc0efb56c9753ffe0a9a86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5880.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+title: Fix prospective parachains test to use shuffled candidate list
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+        Fix prospective parachains test to use shuffled candidate list.
+        Resolves https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/5617.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-prospective-parachains
+    bump: none
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5886.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5886.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f5e59728119783a894aaf61c594bb9a5e275e335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5886.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+title: Bump some dependencies
+doc:
+- audience: Runtime Dev
+  description: |-
+    This bumps `ethbloom`, `ethereum-types`, `primitive-types` and `rlp` to their latest version.
+
+    Fixes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/5870
+crates:
+- name: sc-consensus-babe
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-babe
+  bump: patch
+- name: pallet-revive
+  bump: patch
+- name: sp-runtime
+  bump: patch
+- name: bp-polkadot-core
+  bump: major
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5887.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5887.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3ee6ac05a11a40d6cde8b7a69d2e684d4fefd03e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5887.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "Set reasonable hard limit for PoV size config value"
+
+doc:
+  - audience:
+    - Runtime Dev
+    - Runtime User
+    description: |
+      Sets the hard limit of the `max_pov_size` host configuration parameter to correspond to the
+      actual network-related limit rather than to a random constant.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-runtime-parachains
+    bump: patch
+
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5888.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5888.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9552eada691582bc3561300e9189ed620f62444f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5888.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+title: 'parachain-system: send core selector ump signal'
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      Send the core selector ump signal in cumulus. Guarded by a compile time feature called `experimental-ump-signals`
+      until nodes are upgraded to a version that includes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/5423 for
+      gracefully handling ump signals.
+
+crates:
+  - name: cumulus-client-consensus-aura
+    bump: minor
+  - name: cumulus-pallet-parachain-system
+    bump: major
+  - name: cumulus-primitives-core
+    bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5892.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5892.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b909e443328b5caf5231ee5f29d535cd5f3208c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5892.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "Treasury: add migration to clean up unapproved deprecated proposals"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      It is no longer possible to create `Proposals` storage item in `pallet-treasury` due to migration from
+      governance v1 model but there are some `Proposals` whose bonds are still on hold with no way to release them.
+      The purpose of this migration is to clear `Proposals` which are stuck and return bonds to the proposers.
+
+crates:
+    - name: pallet-treasury
+      bump: patch
+    - name: rococo-runtime
+      bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5901.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5901.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4d3bce7f45a286564f8a7256adee8652a5ba8585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5901.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-node-core-dispute-coordinator
+    bump: none
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5911.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5911.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8b063242f24f883057e43f9826c513e36b2a8f6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5911.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Removed the possibility to start a shell parachain node
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      Removed the possibility to start a shell parachain node using the polkadot-parachain-lib or
+      polkadot-parachain-bin.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-parachain-lib
+    bump: minor
+  - name: polkadot-parachain-bin
+    bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5913.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5913.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f50cd722c71469a128fed5f5bdb59d2fc25ca362
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5913.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Remove redundant XCMs from dry run's forwarded xcms
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime User
+    description: |
+      The DryRunApi was returning the same message repeated multiple times in the
+      `forwarded_xcms` field. This is no longer the case.
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-xcm-bridge-hub-router
+    bump: patch
+  - name: cumulus-pallet-parachain-system
+    bump: patch
+  - name: staging-xcm-builder
+    bump: patch
+  - name: emulated-integration-tests-common
+    bump: minor
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5915.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5915.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a9303e2563d115bbb908a5f8cd05f6a04c717ab0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5915.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Omni-Node renamings
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      This PR renames the `polkadot-parachain-lib` crate to `polkadot-omni-node-lib` and introduces a new
+      `polkadot-omni-node` binary.
+
+crates: 
+  - name: polkadot-omni-node-lib
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-parachain-bin
+    bump: patch
+  - name: polkadot-sdk
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5917.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5917.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..54b2e42ed9c3eb1aa7469bdee43fd0d40354d825
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5917.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "XCM paid execution barrier supports more origin altering instructions"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      Updates the `AllowTopLevelPaidExecutionFrom` barrier to also support messages that
+      use `DescendOrigin` or `AliasOrigin` for altering the computed origin during execution.
+
+crates:
+  - name: staging-xcm-builder
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5924.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5924.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..26bde8eec0def19bda308ebf046e5744dfbb85de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5924.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Bump PoV request timeout
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Node Dev
+    description: |
+      With asynchronous backing and PoV size 10MB, we can increase the PoV request timeout from 1.2s to 2s.
+
+crates:
+  - name: polkadot-node-network-protocol
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5939.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5939.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..babb26281ecdeb6b78ea724818c1a3f82b1f4b80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5939.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+title: "[pallet-revive] Bump PolkaVM and add static code validation"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+     Statically validate basic block sizes and instructions.
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-revive
+    bump: major
+  - name: pallet-revive-fixtures
+    bump: minor
+  - name: pallet-revive-uapi
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5941.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5941.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4e88400f4ef07920c62379b4f666e8a27bc973a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5941.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+title: "`SolochainDefaultConfig`: Use correct `AccountData`"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      `SolochainDefaultConfig` by default was setting `AccountData` to `AccountInfo`.
+      Thus, the actual account data was recursively nested the same type. By default
+      it should be set `()`, because this is the only reasonable `AccountData`. 
+
+      If you have used `SolochainDefaultConfig` before and did not overwrite, `AccountData`
+      you should now overwrite it to `AccountInfo` or you will need to write a migration to
+      change the data.
+
+crates:
+  - name: frame-system
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5946.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5946.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9a858c980a195e9d8edd2eefb255a4d4aca7afe9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5946.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "[FRAME] fix: Do not emit `Issued { amount: 0 }` event"
+
+doc:
+  - audience:
+    - Runtime Dev
+    - Runtime User
+    description: |
+      Filter out `Issued` events in `pallet-balances` module when its balance amount is zero.
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-balances
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5994.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5994.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..425653e52646d612e39f5b9eeccd1c85bd2ccbf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5994.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+crates:
+  - name: sc-consensus-babe
+    bump: none
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5998.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5998.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e3279051ca6a0fcb5bb8b137ed9e2585f94ba367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5998.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Fix memory leak in litep2p public addresses
+
+doc:
+  - audience: [ Node Dev, Node Operator ]
+    description: |
+     This PR bounds the number of public addresses of litep2p to 32 entries.
+     This ensures we do not increase the number of addresses over time, and that the DHT
+     authority records will not exceed the upper size limit.
+
+crates:
+  - name: sc-network
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_5999.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_5999.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5252de6289d17fee6382c2707b706d88352a19bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_5999.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: "Westend: Constant yearly emission"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime User
+    description: |
+      Integrating the new inflation approach from https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/runtimes/pull/471
+      into Westend first to check that it is working.
+
+
+crates:
+  - name: westend-runtime
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_6015.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_6015.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d5a7d1e18d5db32b7b27bb0cfca7951093b7f585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_6015.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+title: Rename QueueEvent::StartWork
+doc:
+- audience: Node Dev
+  description: |-
+    When we send `QueueEvent::StartWork`, we have already completed the execution. Therefore, `QueueEvent::FinishWork` is a better match.
+
+crates:
+- name: polkadot-node-core-pvf
+  bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_6023.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_6023.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3b3b5a4cb5fd3b24ff33fec551a9563107f16f9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_6023.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+title: Fix storage in pallet section
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      Fix compilation of `pallet::storage` in a pallet section: a local binding definition was not
+      correctly referenced due to macro hygiene.
+
+crates:
+  - name: frame-support-procedural
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_6025.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_6025.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..64072c0ae63257aa429a9adbb28bd7df18fa8c9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_6025.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Refactor staking pallet benchmarks to `v2`
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      Update benchmarks in staking pallet to the second version of the `frame_benchmarking` runtime benchmarking framework.
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-staking
+    bump: patch
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_6027.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_6027.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..36bdb57b25f58c11d2e977971687f840463f28f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_6027.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+title: Remove pallet::getter from pallet-offences
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      This PR removes pallet::getter from pallet-offences from type Reports. It also adds a test to verify that retrieval of Reports still works with storage::getter.
+
+crates:
+  - name: pallet-offences
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_6031.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_6031.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..702d0c12fa064f9dc4aa5f2a14f9dd9d89d3f499
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_6031.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+title: "Import vec to bridges/primitives/header-chain"
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      Add the `vec` dependency to these files to resolve compiler errors.
+
+crates:
+  - name: bp-header-chain
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_6032.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_6032.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ed47750f8fd71d3460df0aa7c8ced39f3c55732e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_6032.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+title: Fix `feeless_if` in pallet section
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      Fix compilation with `pallet::feeless_if` in a pallet section: a local binding unexpectely
+      resolved to a macro definition.
+
+crates:
+  - name: frame-support-procedural
+    bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_6045.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_6045.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d1b3fb4e77f29d19d42fab825689dcf87d731c8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_6045.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+title: '[pallet-revive] ensure the return data is reset if no frame was instantiated'
+
+doc:
+- audience:
+  - Runtime Dev
+  description: Failed call frames do not produce new return data but still reset it.
+
+crates:
+- name: pallet-revive
+  bump: patch
diff --git a/prdoc/pr_6061.prdoc b/prdoc/pr_6061.prdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..742e69ea9ecaa24932b8ce2be79932c3ece873bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prdoc/pr_6061.prdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+title: Remove check-migrations for rococo chain
+
+doc:
+  - audience: [Runtime User]
+    description: |
+      This PR adds the missing `cumulus_pallet_xcmp_queue` v5 migration to the coretime-westend runtime.
+
+crates: 
+- name: coretime-westend-runtime
+  bump: none
diff --git a/scripts/update-ui-tests.sh b/scripts/update-ui-tests.sh
index a1f380c4712d3e9819fd4544cd7a450db1f32b7a..c25b22fa7f75a1d713854ffd486622ce0f417fdf 100755
--- a/scripts/update-ui-tests.sh
+++ b/scripts/update-ui-tests.sh
@@ -32,10 +32,12 @@ export RUN_UI_TESTS=1
 export SKIP_WASM_BUILD=1
 # Let trybuild overwrite the .stderr files
 export TRYBUILD=overwrite
+# Warnings are part of our UI and the CI also sets this.
+export RUSTFLAGS="-C debug-assertions -D warnings"
 
 # ./substrate
-$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test --manifest-path substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/Cargo.toml ui
-$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -p sp-api-test ui
-$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -p frame-election-provider-solution-type ui
-$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -p frame-support-test --features=no-metadata-docs,try-runtime,experimental ui
-$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -p xcm-procedural ui
\ No newline at end of file
+$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -q --locked --manifest-path substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/Cargo.toml ui
+$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -q --locked -p sp-api-test ui
+$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -q --locked -p frame-election-provider-solution-type ui
+$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -q --locked -p frame-support-test --features=no-metadata-docs,try-runtime,experimental ui
+$RUSTUP_RUN cargo test -q --locked -p xcm-procedural ui
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/bench/Cargo.toml b/substrate/bin/node/bench/Cargo.toml
index 88ea908abc23a9f270268c6c7911837c2547256b..8c6556da682c109545b8004d2b346018344f7b3b 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/bench/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/bench/Cargo.toml
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ hash-db = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 tempfile = { workspace = true }
 fs_extra = { workspace = true }
 rand = { features = ["small_rng"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 parity-db = { workspace = true }
 sc-transaction-pool = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-transaction-pool-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/bench/src/construct.rs b/substrate/bin/node/bench/src/construct.rs
index 23d0a0cc1ee5e1974e7394e841837e074ae04fc4..bed6e3d914c2fa37b19a1f9b0794e990f36496d4 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/bench/src/construct.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/bench/src/construct.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use sc_transaction_pool_api::{
 };
 use sp_consensus::{Environment, Proposer};
 use sp_inherents::InherentDataProvider;
-use sp_runtime::{traits::NumberFor, OpaqueExtrinsic};
+use sp_runtime::OpaqueExtrinsic;
 
 use crate::{
 	common::SizeType,
@@ -165,18 +165,18 @@ impl core::Benchmark for ConstructionBenchmark {
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct PoolTransaction {
-	data: OpaqueExtrinsic,
+	data: Arc<OpaqueExtrinsic>,
 	hash: node_primitives::Hash,
 }
 
 impl From<OpaqueExtrinsic> for PoolTransaction {
 	fn from(e: OpaqueExtrinsic) -> Self {
-		PoolTransaction { data: e, hash: node_primitives::Hash::zero() }
+		PoolTransaction { data: Arc::from(e), hash: node_primitives::Hash::zero() }
 	}
 }
 
 impl sc_transaction_pool_api::InPoolTransaction for PoolTransaction {
-	type Transaction = OpaqueExtrinsic;
+	type Transaction = Arc<OpaqueExtrinsic>;
 	type Hash = node_primitives::Hash;
 
 	fn data(&self) -> &Self::Transaction {
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ impl sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool for Transactions {
 
 	fn ready_at(
 		&self,
-		_at: NumberFor<Self::Block>,
+		_at: Self::Hash,
 	) -> Pin<
 		Box<
 			dyn Future<
@@ -305,4 +305,19 @@ impl sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool for Transactions {
 	fn ready_transaction(&self, _hash: &TxHash<Self>) -> Option<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
 		unimplemented!()
 	}
+
+	fn ready_at_with_timeout(
+		&self,
+		_at: Self::Hash,
+		_timeout: std::time::Duration,
+	) -> Pin<
+		Box<
+			dyn Future<
+					Output = Box<dyn ReadyTransactions<Item = Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> + Send>,
+				> + Send
+				+ '_,
+		>,
+	> {
+		unimplemented!()
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/bench/src/trie.rs b/substrate/bin/node/bench/src/trie.rs
index 09ab405c03b23baed9217e50e8fb19e50fb18baf..402a186767eeb3203c045c89a58bc3bc27311b26 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/bench/src/trie.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/bench/src/trie.rs
@@ -20,11 +20,14 @@
 
 use hash_db::Prefix;
 use kvdb::KeyValueDB;
-use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use rand::Rng;
 use sp_state_machine::Backend as _;
 use sp_trie::{trie_types::TrieDBMutBuilderV1, TrieMut as _};
-use std::{borrow::Cow, collections::HashMap, sync::Arc};
+use std::{
+	borrow::Cow,
+	collections::HashMap,
+	sync::{Arc, LazyLock},
+};
 
 use node_primitives::Hash;
 
@@ -57,10 +60,8 @@ pub enum DatabaseSize {
 	Huge,
 }
 
-lazy_static! {
-	static ref KUSAMA_STATE_DISTRIBUTION: SizePool =
-		SizePool::from_histogram(crate::state_sizes::KUSAMA_STATE_DISTRIBUTION);
-}
+static KUSAMA_STATE_DISTRIBUTION: LazyLock<SizePool> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| SizePool::from_histogram(crate::state_sizes::KUSAMA_STATE_DISTRIBUTION));
 
 impl DatabaseSize {
 	/// Should be multiple of SAMPLE_SIZE!
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml b/substrate/bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml
index 6e734a723cd36f4f86ae6a7f1ad032d8c702ecab..2e53c18645f56821a2f2f3a663dad481e5035cf9 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -48,7 +48,91 @@ rand = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 # The Polkadot-SDK:
-polkadot-sdk = { features = ["node"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-sdk = { features = [
+	"fork-tree",
+	"frame-benchmarking-cli",
+	"frame-remote-externalities",
+	"frame-support-procedural-tools",
+	"generate-bags",
+	"mmr-gadget",
+	"mmr-rpc",
+	"pallet-contracts-mock-network",
+	"pallet-revive-mock-network",
+	"pallet-transaction-payment-rpc",
+	"sc-allocator",
+	"sc-authority-discovery",
+	"sc-basic-authorship",
+	"sc-block-builder",
+	"sc-chain-spec",
+	"sc-cli",
+	"sc-client-api",
+	"sc-client-db",
+	"sc-consensus",
+	"sc-consensus-aura",
+	"sc-consensus-babe",
+	"sc-consensus-babe-rpc",
+	"sc-consensus-beefy",
+	"sc-consensus-beefy-rpc",
+	"sc-consensus-epochs",
+	"sc-consensus-grandpa",
+	"sc-consensus-grandpa-rpc",
+	"sc-consensus-manual-seal",
+	"sc-consensus-pow",
+	"sc-consensus-slots",
+	"sc-executor",
+	"sc-executor-common",
+	"sc-executor-polkavm",
+	"sc-executor-wasmtime",
+	"sc-informant",
+	"sc-keystore",
+	"sc-mixnet",
+	"sc-network",
+	"sc-network-common",
+	"sc-network-gossip",
+	"sc-network-light",
+	"sc-network-statement",
+	"sc-network-sync",
+	"sc-network-transactions",
+	"sc-network-types",
+	"sc-offchain",
+	"sc-proposer-metrics",
+	"sc-rpc",
+	"sc-rpc-api",
+	"sc-rpc-server",
+	"sc-rpc-spec-v2",
+	"sc-service",
+	"sc-state-db",
+	"sc-statement-store",
+	"sc-storage-monitor",
+	"sc-sync-state-rpc",
+	"sc-sysinfo",
+	"sc-telemetry",
+	"sc-tracing",
+	"sc-transaction-pool",
+	"sc-transaction-pool-api",
+	"sc-utils",
+	"sp-blockchain",
+	"sp-consensus",
+	"sp-core-hashing",
+	"sp-core-hashing-proc-macro",
+	"sp-database",
+	"sp-maybe-compressed-blob",
+	"sp-panic-handler",
+	"sp-rpc",
+	"staging-chain-spec-builder",
+	"staging-node-inspect",
+	"staging-tracking-allocator",
+	"std",
+	"subkey",
+	"substrate-build-script-utils",
+	"substrate-frame-rpc-support",
+	"substrate-frame-rpc-system",
+	"substrate-prometheus-endpoint",
+	"substrate-rpc-client",
+	"substrate-state-trie-migration-rpc",
+	"substrate-wasm-builder",
+	"tracing-gum",
+], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 # Shared code between the staging node and kitchensink runtime:
 kitchensink-runtime = { workspace = true }
@@ -71,6 +155,7 @@ wait-timeout = { workspace = true }
 wat = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 scale-info = { features = ["derive", "serde"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 pretty_assertions.workspace = true
 
 # These testing-only dependencies are not exported by the Polkadot-SDK crate:
@@ -88,12 +173,7 @@ polkadot-sdk = { features = ["frame-benchmarking-cli", "sc-cli", "sc-storage-mon
 
 [features]
 default = ["cli"]
-cli = [
-	"clap",
-	"clap_complete",
-	"node-inspect",
-	"polkadot-sdk",
-]
+cli = ["clap", "clap_complete", "node-inspect", "polkadot-sdk"]
 runtime-benchmarks = [
 	"kitchensink-runtime/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"node-inspect?/runtime-benchmarks",
@@ -104,10 +184,7 @@ try-runtime = [
 	"polkadot-sdk/try-runtime",
 	"substrate-cli-test-utils/try-runtime",
 ]
-riscv = [
-	"kitchensink-runtime/riscv",
-	"polkadot-sdk/riscv",
-]
+riscv = ["kitchensink-runtime/riscv", "polkadot-sdk/riscv"]
 
 [[bench]]
 name = "transaction_pool"
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/cli/benches/transaction_pool.rs b/substrate/bin/node/cli/benches/transaction_pool.rs
index efec081427f4b6a4eab597b955e56e75eba9972a..c07cb3ec0d13c47d785bcba6f94051c525272812 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/cli/benches/transaction_pool.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/cli/benches/transaction_pool.rs
@@ -16,15 +16,16 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use polkadot_sdk::*;
-use std::time::Duration;
-
 use criterion::{criterion_group, criterion_main, BatchSize, Criterion, Throughput};
 use futures::{future, StreamExt};
 use kitchensink_runtime::{constants::currency::*, BalancesCall, SudoCall};
 use node_cli::service::{create_extrinsic, fetch_nonce, FullClient, TransactionPool};
 use node_primitives::AccountId;
-use polkadot_sdk::sc_service::config::{ExecutorConfiguration, RpcConfiguration};
+use polkadot_sdk::{
+	sc_service::config::{ExecutorConfiguration, RpcConfiguration},
+	sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool as _,
+	*,
+};
 use sc_service::{
 	config::{
 		BlocksPruning, DatabaseSource, KeystoreConfig, NetworkConfiguration, OffchainWorkerConfig,
@@ -32,8 +33,7 @@ use sc_service::{
 	},
 	BasePath, Configuration, Role,
 };
-use sc_transaction_pool::PoolLimit;
-use sc_transaction_pool_api::{TransactionPool as _, TransactionSource, TransactionStatus};
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{TransactionSource, TransactionStatus};
 use sp_core::{crypto::Pair, sr25519};
 use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use sp_runtime::OpaqueExtrinsic;
@@ -58,12 +58,7 @@ fn new_node(tokio_handle: Handle) -> node_cli::service::NewFullBase {
 		impl_version: "1.0".into(),
 		role: Role::Authority,
 		tokio_handle: tokio_handle.clone(),
-		transaction_pool: TransactionPoolOptions {
-			ready: PoolLimit { count: 100_000, total_bytes: 100 * 1024 * 1024 },
-			future: PoolLimit { count: 100_000, total_bytes: 100 * 1024 * 1024 },
-			reject_future_transactions: false,
-			ban_time: Duration::from_secs(30 * 60),
-		},
+		transaction_pool: TransactionPoolOptions::new_for_benchmarks(),
 		network: network_config,
 		keystore: KeystoreConfig::InMemory,
 		database: DatabaseSource::RocksDb { path: root.join("db"), cache_size: 128 },
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/cli/src/chain_spec.rs b/substrate/bin/node/cli/src/chain_spec.rs
index bc7821bfcf304bc7c41d50d0bf1606e33ac114bc..6cd9adfd7f2586e7e0db6f95ab8d0db15cbfdcf7 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/cli/src/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/cli/src/chain_spec.rs
@@ -32,18 +32,17 @@ use sp_authority_discovery::AuthorityId as AuthorityDiscoveryId;
 use sp_consensus_babe::AuthorityId as BabeId;
 use sp_consensus_beefy::ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId as BeefyId;
 use sp_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId as GrandpaId;
-use sp_core::{crypto::UncheckedInto, sr25519, Pair, Public};
-use sp_mixnet::types::AuthorityId as MixnetId;
-use sp_runtime::{
-	traits::{IdentifyAccount, Verify},
-	Perbill,
+use sp_core::{
+	crypto::{get_public_from_string_or_panic, UncheckedInto},
+	sr25519,
 };
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
+use sp_mixnet::types::AuthorityId as MixnetId;
+use sp_runtime::Perbill;
 
 pub use kitchensink_runtime::RuntimeGenesisConfig;
 pub use node_primitives::{AccountId, Balance, Signature};
 
-type AccountPublic = <Signature as Verify>::Signer;
-
 const STAGING_TELEMETRY_URL: &str = "wss://telemetry.polkadot.io/submit/";
 const ENDOWMENT: Balance = 10_000_000 * DOLLARS;
 const STASH: Balance = ENDOWMENT / 1000;
@@ -246,35 +245,20 @@ pub fn staging_testnet_config() -> ChainSpec {
 		.build()
 }
 
-/// Helper function to generate a crypto pair from seed.
-pub fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
-/// Helper function to generate an account ID from seed.
-pub fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
-
 /// Helper function to generate stash, controller and session key from seed.
 pub fn authority_keys_from_seed(
 	seed: &str,
 ) -> (AccountId, AccountId, GrandpaId, BabeId, ImOnlineId, AuthorityDiscoveryId, MixnetId, BeefyId)
 {
 	(
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)),
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<GrandpaId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<BabeId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<ImOnlineId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<MixnetId>(seed),
-		get_from_seed::<BeefyId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(&format!("{}//stash", seed)).into(),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<GrandpaId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<BabeId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<ImOnlineId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<AuthorityDiscoveryId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<MixnetId>(seed),
+		get_public_from_string_or_panic::<BeefyId>(seed),
 	)
 }
 
@@ -307,22 +291,8 @@ fn configure_accounts(
 	usize,
 	Vec<(AccountId, AccountId, Balance, StakerStatus<AccountId>)>,
 ) {
-	let mut endowed_accounts: Vec<AccountId> = endowed_accounts.unwrap_or_else(|| {
-		vec![
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
-		]
-	});
+	let mut endowed_accounts: Vec<AccountId> = endowed_accounts
+		.unwrap_or_else(|| Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect());
 	// endow all authorities and nominators.
 	initial_authorities
 		.iter()
@@ -429,7 +399,7 @@ pub fn testnet_genesis(
 		"society": { "pot": 0 },
 		"assets": {
 			// This asset is used by the NIS pallet as counterpart currency.
-			"assets": vec![(9, get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"), true, 1)],
+			"assets": vec![(9, Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), true, 1)],
 		},
 		"nominationPools": {
 			"minCreateBond": 10 * DOLLARS,
@@ -442,7 +412,7 @@ fn development_config_genesis_json() -> serde_json::Value {
 	testnet_genesis(
 		vec![authority_keys_from_seed("Alice")],
 		vec![],
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		None,
 	)
 }
@@ -461,7 +431,7 @@ fn local_testnet_genesis() -> serde_json::Value {
 	testnet_genesis(
 		vec![authority_keys_from_seed("Alice"), authority_keys_from_seed("Bob")],
 		vec![],
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		None,
 	)
 }
@@ -492,7 +462,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
 			.with_genesis_config_patch(testnet_genesis(
 				vec![authority_keys_from_seed("Alice")],
 				vec![],
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+				Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 				None,
 			))
 			.build()
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/cli/src/service.rs b/substrate/bin/node/cli/src/service.rs
index 69e953f54e42ee63262a8c96381e58d24ed34078..4eb1db185e9b441dfac761dd08b376becbecea84 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/cli/src/service.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/cli/src/service.rs
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ use sc_network_sync::{strategy::warp::WarpSyncConfig, SyncingService};
 use sc_service::{config::Configuration, error::Error as ServiceError, RpcHandlers, TaskManager};
 use sc_statement_store::Store as StatementStore;
 use sc_telemetry::{Telemetry, TelemetryWorker};
+use sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle;
 use sc_transaction_pool_api::OffchainTransactionPoolFactory;
 use sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi;
 use sp_core::crypto::Pair;
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ type FullBeefyBlockImport<InnerBlockImport> = beefy::import::BeefyBlockImport<
 >;
 
 /// The transaction pool type definition.
-pub type TransactionPool = sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, FullClient>;
+pub type TransactionPool = sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, FullClient>;
 
 /// The minimum period of blocks on which justifications will be
 /// imported and generated.
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ pub fn new_partial(
 		FullBackend,
 		FullSelectChain,
 		sc_consensus::DefaultImportQueue<Block>,
-		sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, FullClient>,
+		sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, FullClient>,
 		(
 			impl Fn(
 				sc_rpc::SubscriptionTaskExecutor,
@@ -226,12 +227,15 @@ pub fn new_partial(
 
 	let select_chain = sc_consensus::LongestChain::new(backend.clone());
 
-	let transaction_pool = sc_transaction_pool::BasicPool::new_full(
-		config.transaction_pool.clone(),
-		config.role.is_authority().into(),
-		config.prometheus_registry(),
-		task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
-		client.clone(),
+	let transaction_pool = Arc::from(
+		sc_transaction_pool::Builder::new(
+			task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
+			client.clone(),
+			config.role.is_authority().into(),
+		)
+		.with_options(config.transaction_pool.clone())
+		.with_prometheus(config.prometheus_registry())
+		.build(),
 	);
 
 	let (grandpa_block_import, grandpa_link) = grandpa::block_import(
@@ -385,7 +389,7 @@ pub struct NewFullBase {
 	/// The syncing service of the node.
 	pub sync: Arc<SyncingService<Block>>,
 	/// The transaction pool of the node.
-	pub transaction_pool: Arc<TransactionPool>,
+	pub transaction_pool: Arc<TransactionPoolHandle<Block, FullClient>>,
 	/// The rpc handlers of the node.
 	pub rpc_handlers: RpcHandlers,
 }
@@ -865,14 +869,14 @@ mod tests {
 		Address, BalancesCall, RuntimeCall, UncheckedExtrinsic,
 	};
 	use node_primitives::{Block, DigestItem, Signature};
-	use polkadot_sdk::*;
+	use polkadot_sdk::{sc_transaction_pool_api::MaintainedTransactionPool, *};
 	use sc_client_api::BlockBackend;
 	use sc_consensus::{BlockImport, BlockImportParams, ForkChoiceStrategy};
 	use sc_consensus_babe::{BabeIntermediate, CompatibleDigestItem, INTERMEDIATE_KEY};
 	use sc_consensus_epochs::descendent_query;
 	use sc_keystore::LocalKeystore;
 	use sc_service_test::TestNetNode;
-	use sc_transaction_pool_api::{ChainEvent, MaintainedTransactionPool};
+	use sc_transaction_pool_api::ChainEvent;
 	use sp_consensus::{BlockOrigin, Environment, Proposer};
 	use sp_core::crypto::Pair;
 	use sp_inherents::InherentDataProvider;
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/cli/tests/fees.rs b/substrate/bin/node/cli/tests/fees.rs
index 9f82338b4fb03bbe36d09894add142027e419f7e..b49af4c1055cd9774905c0c7f1c44c6f90b25ac3 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/cli/tests/fees.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/cli/tests/fees.rs
@@ -188,135 +188,3 @@ fn transaction_fee_is_correct() {
 		assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&alice()), balance_alice);
 	});
 }
-
-#[test]
-#[should_panic]
-#[cfg(feature = "stress-test")]
-fn block_weight_capacity_report() {
-	// Just report how many transfer calls you could fit into a block. The number should at least
-	// be a few hundred (250 at the time of writing but can change over time). Runs until panic.
-	use node_primitives::Nonce;
-
-	// execution ext.
-	let mut t = new_test_ext(compact_code_unwrap());
-	// setup ext.
-	let mut tt = new_test_ext(compact_code_unwrap());
-
-	let factor = 50;
-	let mut time = 10;
-	let mut nonce: Nonce = 0;
-	let mut block_number = 1;
-	let mut previous_hash: node_primitives::Hash = GENESIS_HASH.into();
-
-	loop {
-		let num_transfers = block_number * factor;
-		let mut xts = (0..num_transfers)
-			.map(|i| CheckedExtrinsic {
-				signed: Some((charlie(), signed_extra(nonce + i as Nonce, 0))),
-				function: RuntimeCall::Balances(pallet_balances::Call::transfer_allow_death {
-					dest: bob().into(),
-					value: 0,
-				}),
-			})
-			.collect::<Vec<CheckedExtrinsic>>();
-
-		xts.insert(
-			0,
-			CheckedExtrinsic {
-				signed: None,
-				function: RuntimeCall::Timestamp(pallet_timestamp::Call::set { now: time * 1000 }),
-			},
-		);
-
-		// NOTE: this is super slow. Can probably be improved.
-		let block = construct_block(
-			&mut tt,
-			block_number,
-			previous_hash,
-			xts,
-			(time * 1000 / SLOT_DURATION).into(),
-		);
-
-		let len = block.0.len();
-		print!(
-			"++ Executing block with {} transfers. Block size = {} bytes / {} kb / {} mb",
-			num_transfers,
-			len,
-			len / 1024,
-			len / 1024 / 1024,
-		);
-
-		let r = executor_call(&mut t, "Core_execute_block", &block.0).0;
-
-		println!(" || Result = {:?}", r);
-		assert!(r.is_ok());
-
-		previous_hash = block.1;
-		nonce += num_transfers;
-		time += 10;
-		block_number += 1;
-	}
-}
-
-#[test]
-#[should_panic]
-#[cfg(feature = "stress-test")]
-fn block_length_capacity_report() {
-	// Just report how big a block can get. Executes until panic. Should be ignored unless if
-	// manually inspected. The number should at least be a few megabytes (5 at the time of
-	// writing but can change over time).
-	use node_primitives::Nonce;
-
-	// execution ext.
-	let mut t = new_test_ext(compact_code_unwrap());
-	// setup ext.
-	let mut tt = new_test_ext(compact_code_unwrap());
-
-	let factor = 256 * 1024;
-	let mut time = 10;
-	let mut nonce: Nonce = 0;
-	let mut block_number = 1;
-	let mut previous_hash: node_primitives::Hash = GENESIS_HASH.into();
-
-	loop {
-		// NOTE: this is super slow. Can probably be improved.
-		let block = construct_block(
-			&mut tt,
-			block_number,
-			previous_hash,
-			vec![
-				CheckedExtrinsic {
-					signed: None,
-					function: RuntimeCall::Timestamp(pallet_timestamp::Call::set {
-						now: time * 1000,
-					}),
-				},
-				CheckedExtrinsic {
-					signed: Some((charlie(), signed_extra(nonce, 0))),
-					function: RuntimeCall::System(frame_system::Call::remark {
-						remark: vec![0u8; (block_number * factor) as usize],
-					}),
-				},
-			],
-			(time * 1000 / SLOT_DURATION).into(),
-		);
-
-		let len = block.0.len();
-		print!(
-			"++ Executing block with big remark. Block size = {} bytes / {} kb / {} mb",
-			len,
-			len / 1024,
-			len / 1024 / 1024,
-		);
-
-		let r = executor_call(&mut t, "Core_execute_block", &block.0).0;
-
-		println!(" || Result = {:?}", r);
-		assert!(r.is_ok());
-
-		previous_hash = block.1;
-		nonce += 1;
-		time += 10;
-		block_number += 1;
-	}
-}
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/runtime/src/lib.rs b/substrate/bin/node/runtime/src/lib.rs
index 784d74973c328c39ce6e99d91f9f8c9f7a7d48c1..ececf0d87b2d28adabe1f58917aa59bc5b8e3294 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -546,6 +546,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type WeightInfo = pallet_balances::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type MaxFreezes = VariantCountOf<RuntimeFreezeReason>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -2642,7 +2643,7 @@ mod benches {
 		[pallet_contracts, Contracts]
 		[pallet_revive, Revive]
 		[pallet_core_fellowship, CoreFellowship]
-		[tasks_example, TasksExample]
+		[pallet_example_tasks, TasksExample]
 		[pallet_democracy, Democracy]
 		[pallet_asset_conversion, AssetConversion]
 		[pallet_election_provider_multi_phase, ElectionProviderMultiPhase]
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/testing/src/bench.rs b/substrate/bin/node/testing/src/bench.rs
index 007d314684cf17faeda6adb4842513ea57030fdc..fb0504f8fadef7eb107de6040d04cf591ca2ec66 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/testing/src/bench.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/testing/src/bench.rs
@@ -47,7 +47,9 @@ use sc_executor::{WasmExecutionMethod, WasmtimeInstantiationStrategy};
 use sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi;
 use sp_block_builder::BlockBuilder;
 use sp_consensus::BlockOrigin;
-use sp_core::{ed25519, sr25519, traits::SpawnNamed, Pair, Public};
+use sp_core::{
+	crypto::get_public_from_string_or_panic, ed25519, sr25519, traits::SpawnNamed, Pair,
+};
 use sp_crypto_hashing::blake2_256;
 use sp_inherents::InherentData;
 use sp_runtime::{
@@ -288,10 +290,11 @@ impl<'a> Iterator for BlockContentIterator<'a> {
 		}
 
 		let sender = self.keyring.at(self.iteration);
-		let receiver = get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(&format!(
+		let receiver = get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(&format!(
 			"random-user//{}",
 			self.iteration
-		));
+		))
+		.into();
 
 		let signed = self.keyring.sign(
 			CheckedExtrinsic {
@@ -630,19 +633,6 @@ pub struct BenchContext {
 
 type AccountPublic = <Signature as Verify>::Signer;
 
-fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
-fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
-
 impl BenchContext {
 	/// Import some block.
 	pub fn import_block(&mut self, block: Block) {
diff --git a/substrate/bin/node/testing/src/keyring.rs b/substrate/bin/node/testing/src/keyring.rs
index eab088d9100ef266f26b600a501e78881e557efe..312fba8319b5c8cab6ae695e59ca9d8b1d388266 100644
--- a/substrate/bin/node/testing/src/keyring.rs
+++ b/substrate/bin/node/testing/src/keyring.rs
@@ -20,52 +20,55 @@
 
 use codec::Encode;
 use kitchensink_runtime::{CheckedExtrinsic, SessionKeys, SignedExtra, UncheckedExtrinsic};
-use node_cli::chain_spec::get_from_seed;
 use node_primitives::{AccountId, Balance, Nonce};
-use sp_core::{ecdsa, ed25519, sr25519};
+use sp_core::{crypto::get_public_from_string_or_panic, ecdsa, ed25519, sr25519};
 use sp_crypto_hashing::blake2_256;
-use sp_keyring::AccountKeyring;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 use sp_runtime::generic::Era;
 
 /// Alice's account id.
 pub fn alice() -> AccountId {
-	AccountKeyring::Alice.into()
+	Sr25519Keyring::Alice.into()
 }
 
 /// Bob's account id.
 pub fn bob() -> AccountId {
-	AccountKeyring::Bob.into()
+	Sr25519Keyring::Bob.into()
 }
 
 /// Charlie's account id.
 pub fn charlie() -> AccountId {
-	AccountKeyring::Charlie.into()
+	Sr25519Keyring::Charlie.into()
 }
 
 /// Dave's account id.
 pub fn dave() -> AccountId {
-	AccountKeyring::Dave.into()
+	Sr25519Keyring::Dave.into()
 }
 
 /// Eve's account id.
 pub fn eve() -> AccountId {
-	AccountKeyring::Eve.into()
+	Sr25519Keyring::Eve.into()
 }
 
 /// Ferdie's account id.
 pub fn ferdie() -> AccountId {
-	AccountKeyring::Ferdie.into()
+	Sr25519Keyring::Ferdie.into()
 }
 
 /// Convert keyrings into `SessionKeys`.
+///
+/// # Panics
+///
+/// Function will panic when invalid string is provided.
 pub fn session_keys_from_seed(seed: &str) -> SessionKeys {
 	SessionKeys {
-		grandpa: get_from_seed::<ed25519::Public>(seed).into(),
-		babe: get_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
-		im_online: get_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
-		authority_discovery: get_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
-		mixnet: get_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
-		beefy: get_from_seed::<ecdsa::Public>(seed).into(),
+		grandpa: get_public_from_string_or_panic::<ed25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		babe: get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		im_online: get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		authority_discovery: get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		mixnet: get_public_from_string_or_panic::<sr25519::Public>(seed).into(),
+		beefy: get_public_from_string_or_panic::<ecdsa::Public>(seed).into(),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ pub fn sign(
 				genesis_hash,
 				metadata_hash,
 			);
-			let key = AccountKeyring::from_account_id(&signed).unwrap();
+			let key = Sr25519Keyring::from_account_id(&signed).unwrap();
 			let signature =
 				payload
 					.using_encoded(|b| {
diff --git a/substrate/client/api/src/client.rs b/substrate/client/api/src/client.rs
index 45cfafb258463a50c2ce0ce5b843346bd6cb9dcb..764930984ed716f4725bd67c618e0c690cfa59fa 100644
--- a/substrate/client/api/src/client.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/api/src/client.rs
@@ -65,9 +65,16 @@ pub trait BlockOf {
 pub trait BlockchainEvents<Block: BlockT> {
 	/// Get block import event stream.
 	///
-	/// Not guaranteed to be fired for every imported block, only fired when the node
-	/// has synced to the tip or there is a re-org. Use `every_import_notification_stream()`
-	/// if you want a notification of every imported block regardless.
+	/// Not guaranteed to be fired for every imported block. Use
+	/// `every_import_notification_stream()` if you want a notification of every imported block
+	/// regardless.
+	///
+	/// The events for this notification stream are emitted:
+	/// - During initial sync process: if there is a re-org while importing blocks. See
+	/// [here](https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/pull/7118#issuecomment-694091901) for the
+	/// rationale behind this.
+	/// - After initial sync process: on every imported block, regardless of whether it is
+	/// the new best block or not, causes a re-org or not.
 	fn import_notification_stream(&self) -> ImportNotifications<Block>;
 
 	/// Get a stream of every imported block.
diff --git a/substrate/client/authority-discovery/src/worker/tests.rs b/substrate/client/authority-discovery/src/worker/tests.rs
index b49615382b8a2b2734185da50fd5b9515d42b1d7..d71a85db8b813004ba74773a1d818c8b70dd1cff 100644
--- a/substrate/client/authority-discovery/src/worker/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/authority-discovery/src/worker/tests.rs
@@ -117,10 +117,10 @@ sp_api::mock_impl_runtime_apis! {
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum TestNetworkEvent {
-	GetCalled(KademliaKey),
-	PutCalled(KademliaKey, Vec<u8>),
-	PutToCalled(Record, HashSet<sc_network_types::PeerId>, bool),
-	StoreRecordCalled(KademliaKey, Vec<u8>, Option<sc_network_types::PeerId>, Option<Instant>),
+	GetCalled,
+	PutCalled,
+	PutToCalled,
+	StoreRecordCalled,
 }
 
 pub struct TestNetwork {
@@ -190,17 +190,11 @@ impl NetworkSigner for TestNetwork {
 impl NetworkDHTProvider for TestNetwork {
 	fn put_value(&self, key: KademliaKey, value: Vec<u8>) {
 		self.put_value_call.lock().unwrap().push((key.clone(), value.clone()));
-		self.event_sender
-			.clone()
-			.unbounded_send(TestNetworkEvent::PutCalled(key, value))
-			.unwrap();
+		self.event_sender.clone().unbounded_send(TestNetworkEvent::PutCalled).unwrap();
 	}
 	fn get_value(&self, key: &KademliaKey) {
 		self.get_value_call.lock().unwrap().push(key.clone());
-		self.event_sender
-			.clone()
-			.unbounded_send(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled(key.clone()))
-			.unwrap();
+		self.event_sender.clone().unbounded_send(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled).unwrap();
 	}
 
 	fn put_record_to(
@@ -214,10 +208,7 @@ impl NetworkDHTProvider for TestNetwork {
 			peers.clone(),
 			update_local_storage,
 		));
-		self.event_sender
-			.clone()
-			.unbounded_send(TestNetworkEvent::PutToCalled(record, peers, update_local_storage))
-			.unwrap();
+		self.event_sender.clone().unbounded_send(TestNetworkEvent::PutToCalled).unwrap();
 	}
 
 	fn store_record(
@@ -235,7 +226,7 @@ impl NetworkDHTProvider for TestNetwork {
 		));
 		self.event_sender
 			.clone()
-			.unbounded_send(TestNetworkEvent::StoreRecordCalled(key, value, publisher, expires))
+			.unbounded_send(TestNetworkEvent::StoreRecordCalled)
 			.unwrap();
 	}
 }
@@ -536,7 +527,7 @@ fn dont_stop_polling_dht_event_stream_after_bogus_event() {
 
 	pool.run_until(async {
 		// Assert worker to trigger a lookup for the one and only authority.
-		assert!(matches!(network_events.next().await, Some(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled(_))));
+		assert!(matches!(network_events.next().await, Some(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled)));
 
 		// Send an event that should generate an error
 		dht_event_tx
@@ -1137,7 +1128,7 @@ fn lookup_throttling() {
 		async {
 			// Assert worker to trigger MAX_IN_FLIGHT_LOOKUPS lookups.
 			for _ in 0..MAX_IN_FLIGHT_LOOKUPS {
-				assert!(matches!(receiver.next().await, Some(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled(_))));
+				assert!(matches!(receiver.next().await, Some(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled)));
 			}
 			assert_eq!(
 				metrics.requests_pending.get(),
@@ -1168,7 +1159,7 @@ fn lookup_throttling() {
 			}
 
 			// Assert worker to trigger another lookup.
-			assert!(matches!(receiver.next().await, Some(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled(_))));
+			assert!(matches!(receiver.next().await, Some(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled)));
 			assert_eq!(
 				metrics.requests_pending.get(),
 				(remote_public_keys.len() - MAX_IN_FLIGHT_LOOKUPS - 1) as u64
@@ -1181,7 +1172,7 @@ fn lookup_throttling() {
 			dht_event_tx.send(dht_event).await.expect("Channel has capacity of 1.");
 
 			// Assert worker to trigger another lookup.
-			assert!(matches!(receiver.next().await, Some(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled(_))));
+			assert!(matches!(receiver.next().await, Some(TestNetworkEvent::GetCalled)));
 			assert_eq!(
 				metrics.requests_pending.get(),
 				(remote_public_keys.len() - MAX_IN_FLIGHT_LOOKUPS - 2) as u64
diff --git a/substrate/client/basic-authorship/src/basic_authorship.rs b/substrate/client/basic-authorship/src/basic_authorship.rs
index 527a3d12d9e766c3b15c158ed1fafed8dc56f08c..79e6fddae99fca12d9800152557b70e60a881519 100644
--- a/substrate/client/basic-authorship/src/basic_authorship.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/basic-authorship/src/basic_authorship.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ use futures::{
 	channel::oneshot,
 	future,
 	future::{Future, FutureExt},
-	select,
 };
 use log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
 use sc_block_builder::{BlockBuilderApi, BlockBuilderBuilder};
@@ -416,26 +415,13 @@ where
 		let mut skipped = 0;
 		let mut unqueue_invalid = Vec::new();
 
-		let mut t1 = self.transaction_pool.ready_at(self.parent_number).fuse();
-		let mut t2 =
-			futures_timer::Delay::new(deadline.saturating_duration_since((self.now)()) / 8).fuse();
-
-		let mut pending_iterator = select! {
-			res = t1 => res,
-			_ = t2 => {
-				warn!(target: LOG_TARGET,
-					"Timeout fired waiting for transaction pool at block #{}. \
-					Proceeding with production.",
-					self.parent_number,
-				);
-				self.transaction_pool.ready()
-			},
-		};
+		let delay = deadline.saturating_duration_since((self.now)()) / 8;
+		let mut pending_iterator =
+			self.transaction_pool.ready_at_with_timeout(self.parent_hash, delay).await;
 
 		let block_size_limit = block_size_limit.unwrap_or(self.default_block_size_limit);
 
-		debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Attempting to push transactions from the pool.");
-		debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Pool status: {:?}", self.transaction_pool.status());
+		debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Attempting to push transactions from the pool at {:?}.", self.parent_hash);
 		let mut transaction_pushed = false;
 
 		let end_reason = loop {
@@ -460,7 +446,7 @@ where
 				break EndProposingReason::HitDeadline
 			}
 
-			let pending_tx_data = pending_tx.data().clone();
+			let pending_tx_data = (**pending_tx.data()).clone();
 			let pending_tx_hash = pending_tx.hash().clone();
 
 			let block_size =
@@ -524,7 +510,7 @@ where
 					pending_iterator.report_invalid(&pending_tx);
 					debug!(
 						target: LOG_TARGET,
-						"[{:?}] Invalid transaction: {}", pending_tx_hash, e
+						"[{:?}] Invalid transaction: {} at: {}", pending_tx_hash, e, self.parent_hash
 					);
 					unqueue_invalid.push(pending_tx_hash);
 				},
@@ -577,13 +563,25 @@ where
 			)
 		};
 
-		info!(
-			"🎁 Prepared block for proposing at {} ({} ms) [hash: {:?}; parent_hash: {}; {extrinsics_summary}",
-			block.header().number(),
-			block_took.as_millis(),
-			<Block as BlockT>::Hash::from(block.header().hash()),
-			block.header().parent_hash(),
-		);
+		if log::log_enabled!(log::Level::Info) {
+			info!(
+				"🎁 Prepared block for proposing at {} ({} ms) [hash: {:?}; parent_hash: {}; extrinsics_count: {}",
+				block.header().number(),
+				block_took.as_millis(),
+				<Block as BlockT>::Hash::from(block.header().hash()),
+				block.header().parent_hash(),
+				extrinsics.len()
+			)
+		} else if log::log_enabled!(log::Level::Debug) {
+			debug!(
+				"🎁 Prepared block for proposing at {} ({} ms) [hash: {:?}; parent_hash: {}; {extrinsics_summary}",
+				block.header().number(),
+				block_took.as_millis(),
+				<Block as BlockT>::Hash::from(block.header().hash()),
+				block.header().parent_hash(),
+			);
+		}
+
 		telemetry!(
 			self.telemetry;
 			CONSENSUS_INFO;
@@ -643,22 +641,20 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let txpool = BasicPool::new_full(
+		let txpool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
 			Default::default(),
 			true.into(),
 			None,
 			spawner.clone(),
 			client.clone(),
-		);
+		));
 
 		let hashof0 = client.info().genesis_hash;
 		block_on(txpool.submit_at(hashof0, SOURCE, vec![extrinsic(0), extrinsic(1)])).unwrap();
 
 		block_on(
 			txpool.maintain(chain_event(
-				client
-					.expect_header(client.info().genesis_hash)
-					.expect("there should be header"),
+				client.expect_header(hashof0).expect("there should be header"),
 			)),
 		);
 
@@ -698,13 +694,13 @@ mod tests {
 	fn should_not_panic_when_deadline_is_reached() {
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let txpool = BasicPool::new_full(
+		let txpool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
 			Default::default(),
 			true.into(),
 			None,
 			spawner.clone(),
 			client.clone(),
-		);
+		));
 
 		let mut proposer_factory =
 			ProposerFactory::new(spawner.clone(), client.clone(), txpool.clone(), None, None);
@@ -735,13 +731,13 @@ mod tests {
 		let (client, backend) = TestClientBuilder::new().build_with_backend();
 		let client = Arc::new(client);
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let txpool = BasicPool::new_full(
+		let txpool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
 			Default::default(),
 			true.into(),
 			None,
 			spawner.clone(),
 			client.clone(),
-		);
+		));
 
 		let genesis_hash = client.info().best_hash;
 
@@ -791,13 +787,13 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let txpool = BasicPool::new_full(
+		let txpool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
 			Default::default(),
 			true.into(),
 			None,
 			spawner.clone(),
 			client.clone(),
-		);
+		));
 
 		let medium = |nonce| {
 			ExtrinsicBuilder::new_fill_block(Perbill::from_parts(MEDIUM))
@@ -871,27 +867,27 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// let's create one block and import it
 		let block = propose_block(&client, 0, 2, 7);
-		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block);
+		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block.clone());
 		assert_eq!(txpool.ready().count(), 5);
 
 		// now let's make sure that we can still make some progress
 		let block = propose_block(&client, 1, 1, 5);
-		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block);
+		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block.clone());
 		assert_eq!(txpool.ready().count(), 4);
 
 		// again let's make sure that we can still make some progress
 		let block = propose_block(&client, 2, 1, 4);
-		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block);
+		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block.clone());
 		assert_eq!(txpool.ready().count(), 3);
 
 		// again let's make sure that we can still make some progress
 		let block = propose_block(&client, 3, 1, 3);
-		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block);
+		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block.clone());
 		assert_eq!(txpool.ready().count(), 2);
 
 		// again let's make sure that we can still make some progress
 		let block = propose_block(&client, 4, 2, 2);
-		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block);
+		import_and_maintain(client.clone(), block.clone());
 		assert_eq!(txpool.ready().count(), 0);
 	}
 
@@ -899,13 +895,13 @@ mod tests {
 	fn should_cease_building_block_when_block_limit_is_reached() {
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let txpool = BasicPool::new_full(
+		let txpool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
 			Default::default(),
 			true.into(),
 			None,
 			spawner.clone(),
 			client.clone(),
-		);
+		));
 		let genesis_hash = client.info().genesis_hash;
 		let genesis_header = client.expect_header(genesis_hash).expect("there should be header");
 
@@ -1004,13 +1000,13 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let txpool = BasicPool::new_full(
+		let txpool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
 			Default::default(),
 			true.into(),
 			None,
 			spawner.clone(),
 			client.clone(),
-		);
+		));
 		let genesis_hash = client.info().genesis_hash;
 
 		let tiny = |nonce| {
@@ -1073,13 +1069,13 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let txpool = BasicPool::new_full(
+		let txpool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
 			Default::default(),
 			true.into(),
 			None,
 			spawner.clone(),
 			client.clone(),
-		);
+		));
 		let genesis_hash = client.info().genesis_hash;
 
 		let tiny = |who| {
diff --git a/substrate/client/basic-authorship/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/basic-authorship/src/lib.rs
index 8f47c2ea00e6b3a9080d6d49c33cbb40c76bc958..adea7a3571dd88dbf83263e1166af0def3cff72b 100644
--- a/substrate/client/basic-authorship/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/basic-authorship/src/lib.rs
@@ -32,13 +32,13 @@
 //! # use sc_transaction_pool::{BasicPool, FullChainApi};
 //! # let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 //! # let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-//! # let txpool = BasicPool::new_full(
+//! # let txpool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
 //! #     Default::default(),
 //! #     true.into(),
 //! #     None,
 //! #     spawner.clone(),
 //! #     client.clone(),
-//! # );
+//! # ));
 //! // The first step is to create a `ProposerFactory`.
 //! let mut proposer_factory = ProposerFactory::new(
 //! 		spawner,
diff --git a/substrate/client/cli/Cargo.toml b/substrate/client/cli/Cargo.toml
index b7d29aebc3d77d59eedd9e460ecf1b850c86b700..f0b9f8f9b9051587eb11d626b79e9c5d2b76fe09 100644
--- a/substrate/client/cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/client/cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ sc-network = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-service = { workspace = true }
 sc-telemetry = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-tracing = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sc-transaction-pool = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-utils = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-blockchain = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/substrate/client/cli/src/commands/import_blocks_cmd.rs b/substrate/client/cli/src/commands/import_blocks_cmd.rs
index 815c6ab18aa6cdef0fd217b06333ec4e059912c4..6bd607901e388b179712058bb173904c10544b7a 100644
--- a/substrate/client/cli/src/commands/import_blocks_cmd.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/cli/src/commands/import_blocks_cmd.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
 use std::{
 	fmt::Debug,
 	fs,
-	io::{self, Read, Seek},
+	io::{self, Read},
 	path::PathBuf,
 	sync::Arc,
 };
@@ -58,11 +58,6 @@ pub struct ImportBlocksCmd {
 	pub import_params: ImportParams,
 }
 
-/// Internal trait used to cast to a dynamic type that implements Read and Seek.
-trait ReadPlusSeek: Read + Seek {}
-
-impl<T: Read + Seek> ReadPlusSeek for T {}
-
 impl ImportBlocksCmd {
 	/// Run the import-blocks command
 	pub async fn run<B, C, IQ>(&self, client: Arc<C>, import_queue: IQ) -> error::Result<()>
diff --git a/substrate/client/cli/src/commands/vanity.rs b/substrate/client/cli/src/commands/vanity.rs
index 330a59493efc9536cb1d78f2d97b40a11c94d4b0..9acacb4b15b20bc08799b7c16ca72635d3cd300a 100644
--- a/substrate/client/cli/src/commands/vanity.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/cli/src/commands/vanity.rs
@@ -166,8 +166,6 @@ mod tests {
 		crypto::{default_ss58_version, Ss58AddressFormatRegistry, Ss58Codec},
 		sr25519, Pair,
 	};
-	#[cfg(feature = "bench")]
-	use test::Bencher;
 
 	#[test]
 	fn vanity() {
@@ -225,16 +223,4 @@ mod tests {
 			0
 		);
 	}
-
-	#[cfg(feature = "bench")]
-	#[bench]
-	fn bench_paranoiac(b: &mut Bencher) {
-		b.iter(|| generate_key("polk"));
-	}
-
-	#[cfg(feature = "bench")]
-	#[bench]
-	fn bench_not_paranoiac(b: &mut Bencher) {
-		b.iter(|| generate_key("polk"));
-	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/cli/src/params/node_key_params.rs b/substrate/client/cli/src/params/node_key_params.rs
index cdd637888114af4e7a3f8ab8213fc9c8b2c9f730..70671bff8c05cd6325b4dc2e90da19fc93bd6f0e 100644
--- a/substrate/client/cli/src/params/node_key_params.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/cli/src/params/node_key_params.rs
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ impl NodeKeyParams {
 						.clone()
 						.unwrap_or_else(|| net_config_dir.join(NODE_KEY_ED25519_FILE));
 					if !self.unsafe_force_node_key_generation &&
-						role.is_authority() && !is_dev &&
-						!key_path.exists()
+						role.is_authority() &&
+						!is_dev && !key_path.exists()
 					{
 						return Err(Error::NetworkKeyNotFound(key_path))
 					}
diff --git a/substrate/client/cli/src/params/transaction_pool_params.rs b/substrate/client/cli/src/params/transaction_pool_params.rs
index 48b2e5b1572baa0942e695993d149531cc7e4358..9cf738f58b6b965760b39c542a99ecbd5d4ee53c 100644
--- a/substrate/client/cli/src/params/transaction_pool_params.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/cli/src/params/transaction_pool_params.rs
@@ -16,8 +16,28 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use clap::Args;
-use sc_service::config::TransactionPoolOptions;
+use clap::{Args, ValueEnum};
+use sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolOptions;
+
+/// Type of transaction pool to be used
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, ValueEnum)]
+#[value(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
+pub enum TransactionPoolType {
+	/// Uses a legacy, single-state transaction pool.
+	SingleState,
+	/// Uses a fork-aware transaction pool.
+	ForkAware,
+}
+
+impl Into<sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolType> for TransactionPoolType {
+	fn into(self) -> sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolType {
+		match self {
+			TransactionPoolType::SingleState =>
+				sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolType::SingleState,
+			TransactionPoolType::ForkAware => sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolType::ForkAware,
+		}
+	}
+}
 
 /// Parameters used to create the pool configuration.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Args)]
@@ -35,30 +55,21 @@ pub struct TransactionPoolParams {
 	/// If it is considered invalid. Defaults to 1800s.
 	#[arg(long, value_name = "SECONDS")]
 	pub tx_ban_seconds: Option<u64>,
+
+	/// The type of transaction pool to be instantiated.
+	#[arg(long, value_enum, default_value_t = TransactionPoolType::SingleState)]
+	pub pool_type: TransactionPoolType,
 }
 
 impl TransactionPoolParams {
 	/// Fill the given `PoolConfiguration` by looking at the cli parameters.
 	pub fn transaction_pool(&self, is_dev: bool) -> TransactionPoolOptions {
-		let mut opts = TransactionPoolOptions::default();
-
-		// ready queue
-		opts.ready.count = self.pool_limit;
-		opts.ready.total_bytes = self.pool_kbytes * 1024;
-
-		// future queue
-		let factor = 10;
-		opts.future.count = self.pool_limit / factor;
-		opts.future.total_bytes = self.pool_kbytes * 1024 / factor;
-
-		opts.ban_time = if let Some(ban_seconds) = self.tx_ban_seconds {
-			std::time::Duration::from_secs(ban_seconds)
-		} else if is_dev {
-			std::time::Duration::from_secs(0)
-		} else {
-			std::time::Duration::from_secs(30 * 60)
-		};
-
-		opts
+		TransactionPoolOptions::new_with_params(
+			self.pool_limit,
+			self.pool_kbytes * 1024,
+			self.tx_ban_seconds,
+			self.pool_type.into(),
+			is_dev,
+		)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/consensus/babe/src/authorship.rs b/substrate/client/consensus/babe/src/authorship.rs
index 57ee706a04f6bfc80ff29b6e0bbf91a4874991b1..aa54da2a4434ea5cd5bd607e0536f2492f7ad10f 100644
--- a/substrate/client/consensus/babe/src/authorship.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/consensus/babe/src/authorship.rs
@@ -108,7 +108,8 @@ pub(super) fn secondary_slot_author(
 		return None
 	}
 
-	let rand = U256::from((randomness, slot).using_encoded(sp_crypto_hashing::blake2_256));
+	let rand =
+		U256::from_big_endian(&(randomness, slot).using_encoded(sp_crypto_hashing::blake2_256));
 
 	let authorities_len = U256::from(authorities.len());
 	let idx = rand % authorities_len;
@@ -271,7 +272,9 @@ fn claim_primary_slot(
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
-	use sp_consensus_babe::{AllowedSlots, AuthorityId, BabeEpochConfiguration, Epoch};
+	use sp_consensus_babe::{
+		AllowedSlots, AuthorityId, BabeEpochConfiguration, Epoch, RANDOMNESS_LENGTH,
+	};
 	use sp_core::{crypto::Pair as _, sr25519::Pair};
 	use sp_keystore::testing::MemoryKeystore;
 
@@ -305,4 +308,18 @@ mod tests {
 		epoch.authorities.push((valid_public_key.into(), 10));
 		assert_eq!(claim_slot(10.into(), &epoch, &keystore).unwrap().1, valid_public_key.into());
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn secondary_slot_author_selection_works() {
+		let authorities = (0..1000)
+			.map(|i| (AuthorityId::from(Pair::generate().0.public()), i))
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		let randomness = [3; RANDOMNESS_LENGTH];
+
+		assert_eq!(
+			*secondary_slot_author(100.into(), &authorities, randomness).unwrap(),
+			authorities[167].0
+		);
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/communication/request_response/outgoing_requests_engine.rs b/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/communication/request_response/outgoing_requests_engine.rs
index 95ecf35557a5189fae4cc117e71126d8c8076536..5408d95acf2d41a4e98d2d4d6f0c422b23b0ae86 100644
--- a/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/communication/request_response/outgoing_requests_engine.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/communication/request_response/outgoing_requests_engine.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ use crate::{
 		request_response::{Error, JustificationRequest, BEEFY_SYNC_LOG_TARGET},
 	},
 	justification::{decode_and_verify_finality_proof, BeefyVersionedFinalityProof},
-	metric_inc,
+	metric_inc, metric_set,
 	metrics::{register_metrics, OnDemandOutgoingRequestsMetrics},
 	KnownPeers,
 };
@@ -242,6 +242,8 @@ impl<B: Block, AuthorityId: AuthorityIdBound> OnDemandJustificationsEngine<B, Au
 		// meaning we're done with current state. Move the engine to `State::Idle`.
 		self.state = State::Idle;
 
+		metric_set!(self.metrics, beefy_on_demand_live_peers, self.live_peers.lock().len() as u64);
+
 		let block = req_info.block;
 		match self.process_response(&peer, &req_info, resp) {
 			Err(err) => {
diff --git a/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/fisherman.rs b/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/fisherman.rs
index faa4d34eff5ac74b5024f720b975ff72bb5e9b11..2b2683b35f0a850abcc93c364fa0338c45cc65d9 100644
--- a/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/fisherman.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/fisherman.rs
@@ -32,9 +32,8 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 };
 use std::{marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc};
 
-/// Helper struct containing the id and the key ownership proof for a validator.
-pub struct ProvedValidator<'a, AuthorityId: AuthorityIdBound> {
-	pub id: &'a AuthorityId,
+/// Helper struct containing the key ownership proof for a validator.
+pub struct ProvedValidator {
 	pub key_owner_proof: OpaqueKeyOwnershipProof,
 }
 
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ where
 		at: BlockId<B>,
 		offender_ids: impl Iterator<Item = &'a AuthorityId>,
 		validator_set_id: ValidatorSetId,
-	) -> Result<Vec<ProvedValidator<'a, AuthorityId>>, Error> {
+	) -> Result<Vec<ProvedValidator>, Error> {
 		let hash = match at {
 			BlockId::Hash(hash) => hash,
 			BlockId::Number(number) => self
@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ where
 				offender_id.clone(),
 			) {
 				Ok(Some(key_owner_proof)) => {
-					proved_offenders.push(ProvedValidator { id: offender_id, key_owner_proof });
+					proved_offenders.push(ProvedValidator { key_owner_proof });
 				},
 				Ok(None) => {
 					debug!(
diff --git a/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/metrics.rs b/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/metrics.rs
index 30180fe43ec43b4dcc0ef6fbd4500b4445900c0b..15f2f9f90334accd7e967b02a5711ccd645ebfef 100644
--- a/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/consensus/beefy/src/metrics.rs
@@ -236,6 +236,8 @@ pub struct OnDemandOutgoingRequestsMetrics {
 	pub beefy_on_demand_justification_invalid_proof: Counter<U64>,
 	/// Number of on-demand justification good proof
 	pub beefy_on_demand_justification_good_proof: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Number of live beefy peers available for requests.
+	pub beefy_on_demand_live_peers: Gauge<U64>,
 }
 
 impl PrometheusRegister for OnDemandOutgoingRequestsMetrics {
@@ -277,6 +279,13 @@ impl PrometheusRegister for OnDemandOutgoingRequestsMetrics {
 				)?,
 				registry,
 			)?,
+			beefy_on_demand_live_peers: register(
+				Gauge::new(
+					"substrate_beefy_on_demand_live_peers",
+					"Number of live beefy peers available for requests.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/consensus/grandpa/src/aux_schema.rs b/substrate/client/consensus/grandpa/src/aux_schema.rs
index 8ec882591be9a682456e55f41fd47becd803a6c4..c42310dcd72cfe60a1f5e1a27709c683cf4839d5 100644
--- a/substrate/client/consensus/grandpa/src/aux_schema.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/consensus/grandpa/src/aux_schema.rs
@@ -743,7 +743,9 @@ mod test {
 			substrate_test_runtime_client::runtime::Block,
 			_,
 			_,
-		>(&client, H256::random(), 0, || unreachable!())
+		>(
+			&client, H256::random(), 0, || unreachable!()
+		)
 		.unwrap();
 
 		assert_eq!(
diff --git a/substrate/client/consensus/grandpa/src/voting_rule.rs b/substrate/client/consensus/grandpa/src/voting_rule.rs
index c1d3cd2fbd6ab6b5f8d45e555a43aeb289791a80..6072f1895fd0be5a41539228cd6fad88e1c22353 100644
--- a/substrate/client/consensus/grandpa/src/voting_rule.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/consensus/grandpa/src/voting_rule.rs
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ where
 ///
 /// In the best case our vote is exactly N blocks
 /// behind the best block, but if there is a scenario where either
-/// >34% of validators run without this rule or the fork-choice rule
+/// \>34% of validators run without this rule or the fork-choice rule
 /// can prioritize shorter chains over longer ones, the vote may be
 /// closer to the best block than N.
 #[derive(Clone)]
diff --git a/substrate/client/consensus/slots/build.rs b/substrate/client/consensus/slots/build.rs
index a68cb706e8fbdc2526aa18730f0e7ddb9719f838..c63f0b8b66744738df18d99a274632cb1ecef980 100644
--- a/substrate/client/consensus/slots/build.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/consensus/slots/build.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ use std::env;
 
 fn main() {
 	if let Ok(profile) = env::var("PROFILE") {
-		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_type=\"{}\"", profile);
+		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_profile=\"{}\"", profile);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/consensus/slots/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/consensus/slots/src/lib.rs
index 06e0756fc968910cf1333c13303c2fa65479df71..4f7e85541777ac99be4c70107f314079142c2a6c 100644
--- a/substrate/client/consensus/slots/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/consensus/slots/src/lib.rs
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ pub trait SimpleSlotWorker<B: BlockT> {
 					"⌛️ Discarding proposal for slot {}; block production took too long", slot,
 				);
 				// If the node was compiled with debug, tell the user to use release optimizations.
-				#[cfg(build_type = "debug")]
+				#[cfg(build_profile = "debug")]
 				info!(
 					target: log_target,
 					"👉 Recompile your node in `--release` mode to mitigate this problem.",
diff --git a/substrate/client/executor/wasmtime/build.rs b/substrate/client/executor/wasmtime/build.rs
index a68cb706e8fbdc2526aa18730f0e7ddb9719f838..c63f0b8b66744738df18d99a274632cb1ecef980 100644
--- a/substrate/client/executor/wasmtime/build.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/executor/wasmtime/build.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ use std::env;
 
 fn main() {
 	if let Ok(profile) = env::var("PROFILE") {
-		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_type=\"{}\"", profile);
+		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_profile=\"{}\"", profile);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/executor/wasmtime/src/tests.rs b/substrate/client/executor/wasmtime/src/tests.rs
index f86a4275769401712622112c6a2c587d11e1adc4..abf2b9509c2b26136fdfaa5a24275f2a2c6518b8 100644
--- a/substrate/client/executor/wasmtime/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/executor/wasmtime/src/tests.rs
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ fn test_max_memory_pages(
 
 // This test takes quite a while to execute in a debug build (over 6 minutes on a TR 3970x)
 // so it's ignored by default unless it was compiled with `--release`.
-#[cfg_attr(build_type = "debug", ignore)]
+#[cfg_attr(build_profile = "debug", ignore)]
 #[test]
 fn test_instances_without_reuse_are_not_leaked() {
 	let runtime = crate::create_runtime::<HostFunctions>(
diff --git a/substrate/client/network-gossip/src/bridge.rs b/substrate/client/network-gossip/src/bridge.rs
index 414da9b2a5890bb61fb77e3d942bb04e3e44add7..a4bd922a76d5e690d2ed2cc0138622ef767a33d0 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network-gossip/src/bridge.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network-gossip/src/bridge.rs
@@ -377,9 +377,6 @@ mod tests {
 	#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 	struct TestNetwork {}
 
-	#[derive(Clone, Default)]
-	struct TestNetworkInner {}
-
 	#[async_trait::async_trait]
 	impl NetworkPeers for TestNetwork {
 		fn set_authorized_peers(&self, _peers: HashSet<PeerId>) {
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/src/behaviour.rs b/substrate/client/network/src/behaviour.rs
index 9a6324dafd37da57aacfc8fceb29324fc80d998d..5ecbec52d507eeed4ba7be0609a278dc594d68ea 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/src/behaviour.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/src/behaviour.rs
@@ -76,8 +76,6 @@ pub enum BehaviourOut {
 	///
 	/// This event is generated for statistics purposes.
 	InboundRequest {
-		/// Peer which sent us a request.
-		peer: PeerId,
 		/// Protocol name of the request.
 		protocol: ProtocolName,
 		/// If `Ok`, contains the time elapsed between when we received the request and when we
@@ -89,8 +87,6 @@ pub enum BehaviourOut {
 	///
 	/// This event is generated for statistics purposes.
 	RequestFinished {
-		/// Peer that we send a request to.
-		peer: PeerId,
 		/// Name of the protocol in question.
 		protocol: ProtocolName,
 		/// Duration the request took.
@@ -350,10 +346,10 @@ impl From<CustomMessageOutcome> for BehaviourOut {
 impl From<request_responses::Event> for BehaviourOut {
 	fn from(event: request_responses::Event) -> Self {
 		match event {
-			request_responses::Event::InboundRequest { peer, protocol, result } =>
-				BehaviourOut::InboundRequest { peer, protocol, result },
-			request_responses::Event::RequestFinished { peer, protocol, duration, result } =>
-				BehaviourOut::RequestFinished { peer, protocol, duration, result },
+			request_responses::Event::InboundRequest { protocol, result, .. } =>
+				BehaviourOut::InboundRequest { protocol, result },
+			request_responses::Event::RequestFinished { protocol, duration, result, .. } =>
+				BehaviourOut::RequestFinished { protocol, duration, result },
 			request_responses::Event::ReputationChanges { peer, changes } =>
 				BehaviourOut::ReputationChanges { peer, changes },
 		}
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/discovery.rs b/substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/discovery.rs
index bf2005df34d75ecafb7522aed789acd5102db1ff..13cf8a4c6ee0c30ba14dbd5165f9d7e73a0dba75 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/discovery.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/discovery.rs
@@ -95,15 +95,6 @@ pub enum DiscoveryEvent {
 		/// Peer ID.
 		peer: PeerId,
 
-		/// Identify protocol version.
-		protocol_version: Option<String>,
-
-		/// Identify user agent version.
-		user_agent: Option<String>,
-
-		/// Observed address.
-		observed_address: Multiaddr,
-
 		/// Listen addresses.
 		listen_addresses: Vec<Multiaddr>,
 
@@ -125,7 +116,16 @@ pub enum DiscoveryEvent {
 
 	/// New external address discovered.
 	ExternalAddressDiscovered {
-		/// Discovered addresses.
+		/// Discovered address.
+		address: Multiaddr,
+	},
+
+	/// The external address has expired.
+	///
+	/// This happens when the internal buffers exceed the maximum number of external addresses,
+	/// and this address is the oldest one.
+	ExternalAddressExpired {
+		/// Expired address.
 		address: Multiaddr,
 	},
 
@@ -432,7 +432,13 @@ impl Discovery {
 	}
 
 	/// Check if `address` can be considered a new external address.
-	fn is_new_external_address(&mut self, address: &Multiaddr, peer: PeerId) -> bool {
+	///
+	/// If this address replaces an older address, the expired address is returned.
+	fn is_new_external_address(
+		&mut self,
+		address: &Multiaddr,
+		peer: PeerId,
+	) -> (bool, Option<Multiaddr>) {
 		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "verify new external address: {address}");
 
 		// is the address one of our known addresses
@@ -443,7 +449,7 @@ impl Discovery {
 			.chain(self.public_addresses.iter())
 			.any(|known_address| Discovery::is_known_address(&known_address, &address))
 		{
-			return true
+			return (true, None)
 		}
 
 		match self.address_confirmations.get(address) {
@@ -451,15 +457,31 @@ impl Discovery {
 				confirmations.insert(peer);
 
 				if confirmations.len() >= MIN_ADDRESS_CONFIRMATIONS {
-					return true
+					return (true, None)
 				}
 			},
 			None => {
+				let oldest = (self.address_confirmations.len() >=
+					self.address_confirmations.limiter().max_length() as usize)
+					.then(|| {
+						self.address_confirmations.pop_oldest().map(|(address, peers)| {
+							if peers.len() >= MIN_ADDRESS_CONFIRMATIONS {
+								return Some(address)
+							} else {
+								None
+							}
+						})
+					})
+					.flatten()
+					.flatten();
+
 				self.address_confirmations.insert(address.clone(), Default::default());
+
+				return (false, oldest)
 			},
 		}
 
-		false
+		(false, None)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -561,13 +583,26 @@ impl Stream for Discovery {
 			Poll::Ready(None) => return Poll::Ready(None),
 			Poll::Ready(Some(IdentifyEvent::PeerIdentified {
 				peer,
-				protocol_version,
-				user_agent,
 				listen_addresses,
 				supported_protocols,
 				observed_address,
+				..
 			})) => {
-				if this.is_new_external_address(&observed_address, peer) {
+				let (is_new, expired_address) =
+					this.is_new_external_address(&observed_address, peer);
+
+				if let Some(expired_address) = expired_address {
+					log::trace!(
+						target: LOG_TARGET,
+						"Removing expired external address expired={expired_address} is_new={is_new} observed={observed_address}",
+					);
+
+					this.pending_events.push_back(DiscoveryEvent::ExternalAddressExpired {
+						address: expired_address,
+					});
+				}
+
+				if is_new {
 					this.pending_events.push_back(DiscoveryEvent::ExternalAddressDiscovered {
 						address: observed_address.clone(),
 					});
@@ -575,10 +610,7 @@ impl Stream for Discovery {
 
 				return Poll::Ready(Some(DiscoveryEvent::Identified {
 					peer,
-					protocol_version,
-					user_agent,
 					listen_addresses,
-					observed_address,
 					supported_protocols,
 				}));
 			},
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/mod.rs b/substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/mod.rs
index 277f0759729c84275abeb48a953aa9daf29d4808..df4244890f96714a86c5d9235ffb7ae87a8192f6 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/mod.rs
@@ -935,6 +935,25 @@ impl<B: BlockT + 'static, H: ExHashT> NetworkBackend<B, H> for Litep2pNetworkBac
 							},
 						}
 					}
+					Some(DiscoveryEvent::ExternalAddressExpired{ address }) => {
+						let local_peer_id = self.litep2p.local_peer_id();
+
+						// Litep2p requires the peer ID to be present in the address.
+						let address = if !std::matches!(address.iter().last(), Some(Protocol::P2p(_))) {
+							address.with(Protocol::P2p(*local_peer_id.as_ref()))
+						} else {
+							address
+						};
+
+						if self.litep2p.public_addresses().remove_address(&address) {
+							log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "🔍 Expired external address for our node: {address}");
+						} else {
+							log::warn!(
+								target: LOG_TARGET,
+								"🔍 Failed to remove expired external address {address:?}"
+							);
+						}
+					}
 					Some(DiscoveryEvent::Ping { peer, rtt }) => {
 						log::trace!(
 							target: LOG_TARGET,
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/behaviour.rs b/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/behaviour.rs
index cb4f089995e3c6bffce8e6b8460602343d310174..a562546145c8ef635151f3227702ea3104633e6b 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/behaviour.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/behaviour.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ use bytes::BytesMut;
 use fnv::FnvHashMap;
 use futures::{future::BoxFuture, prelude::*, stream::FuturesUnordered};
 use libp2p::{
-	core::{ConnectedPoint, Endpoint, Multiaddr},
+	core::{Endpoint, Multiaddr},
 	swarm::{
 		behaviour::{ConnectionClosed, ConnectionEstablished, DialFailure, FromSwarm},
 		ConnectionDenied, ConnectionId, DialError, NetworkBehaviour, NotifyHandler, PollParameters,
@@ -362,8 +362,6 @@ pub enum NotificationsOut {
 		received_handshake: Vec<u8>,
 		/// Object that permits sending notifications to the peer.
 		notifications_sink: NotificationsSink,
-		/// Is the connection inbound.
-		inbound: bool,
 	},
 
 	/// The [`NotificationsSink`] object used to send notifications with the given peer must be
@@ -1223,33 +1221,20 @@ impl NetworkBehaviour for Notifications {
 		&mut self,
 		_connection_id: ConnectionId,
 		peer: PeerId,
-		local_addr: &Multiaddr,
-		remote_addr: &Multiaddr,
+		_local_addr: &Multiaddr,
+		_remote_addr: &Multiaddr,
 	) -> Result<THandler<Self>, ConnectionDenied> {
-		Ok(NotifsHandler::new(
-			peer,
-			ConnectedPoint::Listener {
-				local_addr: local_addr.clone(),
-				send_back_addr: remote_addr.clone(),
-			},
-			self.notif_protocols.clone(),
-			Some(self.metrics.clone()),
-		))
+		Ok(NotifsHandler::new(peer, self.notif_protocols.clone(), Some(self.metrics.clone())))
 	}
 
 	fn handle_established_outbound_connection(
 		&mut self,
 		_connection_id: ConnectionId,
 		peer: PeerId,
-		addr: &Multiaddr,
-		role_override: Endpoint,
+		_addr: &Multiaddr,
+		_role_override: Endpoint,
 	) -> Result<THandler<Self>, ConnectionDenied> {
-		Ok(NotifsHandler::new(
-			peer,
-			ConnectedPoint::Dialer { address: addr.clone(), role_override },
-			self.notif_protocols.clone(),
-			Some(self.metrics.clone()),
-		))
+		Ok(NotifsHandler::new(peer, self.notif_protocols.clone(), Some(self.metrics.clone())))
 	}
 
 	fn on_swarm_event(&mut self, event: FromSwarm<Self::ConnectionHandler>) {
@@ -2061,7 +2046,6 @@ impl NetworkBehaviour for Notifications {
 								let event = NotificationsOut::CustomProtocolOpen {
 									peer_id,
 									set_id,
-									inbound,
 									direction: if inbound {
 										Direction::Inbound
 									} else {
@@ -2383,6 +2367,7 @@ mod tests {
 		protocol::notifications::handler::tests::*,
 		protocol_controller::{IncomingIndex, ProtoSetConfig, ProtocolController},
 	};
+	use libp2p::core::ConnectedPoint;
 	use sc_utils::mpsc::tracing_unbounded;
 	use std::{collections::HashSet, iter};
 
@@ -2413,7 +2398,8 @@ mod tests {
 	}
 
 	fn development_notifs(
-	) -> (Notifications, ProtocolController, Box<dyn crate::service::traits::NotificationService>) {
+	) -> (Notifications, ProtocolController, Box<dyn crate::service::traits::NotificationService>)
+	{
 		let (protocol_handle_pair, notif_service) =
 			crate::protocol::notifications::service::notification_service("/proto/1".into());
 		let (to_notifications, from_controller) =
@@ -2668,7 +2654,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -2868,7 +2854,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3021,7 +3007,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3065,7 +3051,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3135,7 +3121,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3188,7 +3174,7 @@ mod tests {
 		assert!(std::matches!(notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)), Some(&PeerState::Enabled { .. })));
 
 		// open new substream
-		let event = conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, connected, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]);
+		let event = conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]);
 
 		notif.on_connection_handler_event(peer, conn, event);
 		assert!(std::matches!(notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)), Some(&PeerState::Enabled { .. })));
@@ -3261,7 +3247,7 @@ mod tests {
 			notif.on_connection_handler_event(
 				peer,
 				*conn,
-				conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, connected.clone(), vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
+				conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
 			);
 		}
 
@@ -3283,7 +3269,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn1,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3354,7 +3340,7 @@ mod tests {
 		notif.on_connection_handler_event(
 			peer,
 			conn,
-			conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, connected, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
+			conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
 		);
 
 		if let Some(PeerState::Enabled { ref connections, .. }) = notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)) {
@@ -3409,7 +3395,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3483,7 +3469,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3546,7 +3532,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn1,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected.clone(), vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3560,7 +3546,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn2,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3614,7 +3600,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3672,7 +3658,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn2,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3733,7 +3719,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn1,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3786,7 +3772,7 @@ mod tests {
 		notif.on_connection_handler_event(
 			peer,
 			conn1,
-			conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, connected.clone(), vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
+			conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
 		);
 
 		if let Some(PeerState::Enabled { ref connections, .. }) = notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)) {
@@ -3802,7 +3788,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn1,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3843,7 +3829,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -3966,7 +3952,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -4015,10 +4001,6 @@ mod tests {
 		let peer = PeerId::random();
 		let conn = ConnectionId::new_unchecked(0);
 		let set_id = SetId::from(0);
-		let connected = ConnectedPoint::Listener {
-			local_addr: Multiaddr::empty(),
-			send_back_addr: Multiaddr::empty(),
-		};
 		let mut conn_yielder = ConnectionYielder::new();
 
 		// move the peer to `Enabled` state
@@ -4052,7 +4034,7 @@ mod tests {
 		notif.protocol_report_accept(IncomingIndex(0));
 		assert!(std::matches!(notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)), Some(&PeerState::Enabled { .. })));
 
-		let event = conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, connected, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]);
+		let event = conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]);
 
 		notif.on_connection_handler_event(peer, conn, event);
 		assert!(std::matches!(notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)), Some(&PeerState::Enabled { .. })));
@@ -4167,7 +4149,7 @@ mod tests {
 		notif.peerset_report_connect(peer, set_id);
 		assert!(std::matches!(notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)), Some(&PeerState::Enabled { .. })));
 
-		let event = conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, connected, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]);
+		let event = conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]);
 
 		notif.on_connection_handler_event(peer, conn, event);
 		assert!(std::matches!(notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)), Some(&PeerState::Enabled { .. })));
@@ -4280,7 +4262,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -4521,7 +4503,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: ConnectionId::new_unchecked(0),
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -4623,7 +4605,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: ConnectionId::new_unchecked(0),
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -4681,7 +4663,7 @@ mod tests {
 		notif.peerset_report_connect(peer, set_id);
 		assert!(std::matches!(notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)), Some(&PeerState::Enabled { .. })));
 
-		let event = conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, connected, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]);
+		let event = conn_yielder.open_substream(peer, 0, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]);
 		notif.on_connection_handler_event(peer, conn, event);
 
 		assert!(std::matches!(notif.peers.get(&(peer, set_id)), Some(&PeerState::Enabled { .. })));
@@ -4705,7 +4687,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: ConnectionId::new_unchecked(0),
 				endpoint: &endpoint.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, endpoint, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -4822,7 +4804,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: ConnectionId::new_unchecked(1337),
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -4857,7 +4839,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: ConnectionId::new_unchecked(1337),
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -4908,7 +4890,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: ConnectionId::new_unchecked(1337),
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -4955,7 +4937,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -5005,7 +4987,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: ConnectionId::new_unchecked(1337),
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -5048,7 +5030,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected.clone(), vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -5059,7 +5041,7 @@ mod tests {
 				peer_id: peer,
 				connection_id: conn,
 				endpoint: &connected.clone(),
-				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, connected, vec![], None),
+				handler: NotifsHandler::new(peer, vec![], None),
 				remaining_established: 0usize,
 			},
 		));
@@ -5071,16 +5053,12 @@ mod tests {
 	fn open_result_ok_non_existent_peer() {
 		let (mut notif, _controller, _notif_service) = development_notifs();
 		let conn = ConnectionId::new_unchecked(0);
-		let connected = ConnectedPoint::Listener {
-			local_addr: Multiaddr::empty(),
-			send_back_addr: Multiaddr::empty(),
-		};
 		let mut conn_yielder = ConnectionYielder::new();
 
 		notif.on_connection_handler_event(
 			PeerId::random(),
 			conn,
-			conn_yielder.open_substream(PeerId::random(), 0, connected, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
+			conn_yielder.open_substream(PeerId::random(), 0, vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
 		);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/handler.rs b/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/handler.rs
index 967ef614c5560ca5815193bbd597b13e35b2076e..bff60ba1125f64e133d9e3b12e3923b9385c600e 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/handler.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/handler.rs
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ use futures::{
 	prelude::*,
 };
 use libp2p::{
-	core::ConnectedPoint,
 	swarm::{
 		handler::ConnectionEvent, ConnectionHandler, ConnectionHandlerEvent, KeepAlive, Stream,
 		SubstreamProtocol,
@@ -117,9 +116,6 @@ pub struct NotifsHandler {
 	/// When the connection with the remote has been successfully established.
 	when_connection_open: Instant,
 
-	/// Whether we are the connection dialer or listener.
-	endpoint: ConnectedPoint,
-
 	/// Remote we are connected to.
 	peer_id: PeerId,
 
@@ -136,7 +132,6 @@ impl NotifsHandler {
 	/// Creates new [`NotifsHandler`].
 	pub fn new(
 		peer_id: PeerId,
-		endpoint: ConnectedPoint,
 		protocols: Vec<ProtocolConfig>,
 		metrics: Option<NotificationMetrics>,
 	) -> Self {
@@ -154,7 +149,6 @@ impl NotifsHandler {
 				})
 				.collect(),
 			peer_id,
-			endpoint,
 			when_connection_open: Instant::now(),
 			events_queue: VecDeque::with_capacity(16),
 			metrics: metrics.map_or(None, |metrics| Some(Arc::new(metrics))),
@@ -281,8 +275,6 @@ pub enum NotifsHandlerOut {
 		protocol_index: usize,
 		/// Name of the protocol that was actually negotiated, if the default one wasn't available.
 		negotiated_fallback: Option<ProtocolName>,
-		/// The endpoint of the connection that is open for custom protocols.
-		endpoint: ConnectedPoint,
 		/// Handshake that was sent to us.
 		/// This is normally a "Status" message, but this out of the concern of this code.
 		received_handshake: Vec<u8>,
@@ -590,7 +582,6 @@ impl ConnectionHandler for NotifsHandler {
 							NotifsHandlerOut::OpenResultOk {
 								protocol_index,
 								negotiated_fallback: new_open.negotiated_fallback,
-								endpoint: self.endpoint.clone(),
 								received_handshake: new_open.handshake,
 								notifications_sink,
 								inbound,
@@ -889,7 +880,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 	use libp2p::{
 		core::muxing::SubstreamBox,
 		swarm::handler::{self, StreamUpgradeError},
-		Multiaddr, Stream,
 	};
 	use multistream_select::{dialer_select_proto, listener_select_proto, Negotiated, Version};
 	use std::{
@@ -925,7 +915,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 			&mut self,
 			peer: PeerId,
 			protocol_index: usize,
-			endpoint: ConnectedPoint,
 			received_handshake: Vec<u8>,
 		) -> NotifsHandlerOut {
 			let (async_tx, async_rx) =
@@ -954,7 +943,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 			NotifsHandlerOut::OpenResultOk {
 				protocol_index,
 				negotiated_fallback: None,
-				endpoint,
 				received_handshake,
 				notifications_sink,
 				inbound: false,
@@ -1110,10 +1098,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 		NotifsHandler {
 			protocols: vec![proto],
 			when_connection_open: Instant::now(),
-			endpoint: ConnectedPoint::Listener {
-				local_addr: Multiaddr::empty(),
-				send_back_addr: Multiaddr::empty(),
-			},
 			peer_id: PeerId::random(),
 			events_queue: VecDeque::new(),
 			metrics: None,
@@ -1131,7 +1115,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1158,7 +1141,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1191,7 +1173,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1225,7 +1206,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1265,7 +1245,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1316,7 +1295,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 		codec.set_max_len(usize::MAX);
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1355,7 +1333,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1415,7 +1392,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1452,7 +1428,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1498,7 +1473,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1547,7 +1521,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1583,7 +1556,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
@@ -1658,7 +1630,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
 		let notif_in = NotificationsInOpen {
 			handshake: b"hello, world".to_vec(),
-			negotiated_fallback: None,
 			substream: NotificationsInSubstream::new(
 				Framed::new(io, codec),
 				NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::PendingSend(vec![1, 2, 3, 4]),
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/service/mod.rs b/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/service/mod.rs
index 4f6d32ae3b356f8813bb38cab5b80050f600931d..a7eb31fc5795d6ee25d5769292428f40f3237d65 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/service/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/service/mod.rs
@@ -89,9 +89,8 @@ impl MessageSink for NotificationSink {
 			.await
 			.map_err(|_| error::Error::ConnectionClosed)?;
 
-		permit.send(notification).map_err(|_| error::Error::ChannelClosed).map(|res| {
+		permit.send(notification).map_err(|_| error::Error::ChannelClosed).inspect(|_| {
 			metrics::register_notification_sent(sink.0.metrics(), &sink.1, notification_len);
-			res
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -263,13 +262,12 @@ impl NotificationService for NotificationHandle {
 			.map_err(|_| error::Error::ConnectionClosed)?
 			.send(notification)
 			.map_err(|_| error::Error::ChannelClosed)
-			.map(|res| {
+			.inspect(|_| {
 				metrics::register_notification_sent(
 					sink.metrics(),
 					&self.protocol,
 					notification_len,
 				);
-				res
 			})
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/upgrade/notifications.rs b/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/upgrade/notifications.rs
index a8a9e453a7bb0c313e95dc1ffee954fa144f4d11..e01bcbe0bad795dc452b73b802e89f8c2043ca14 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/upgrade/notifications.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/src/protocol/notifications/upgrade/notifications.rs
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ where
 	type Future = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>> + Send>>;
 	type Error = NotificationsHandshakeError;
 
-	fn upgrade_inbound(self, mut socket: TSubstream, negotiated_name: Self::Info) -> Self::Future {
+	fn upgrade_inbound(self, mut socket: TSubstream, _negotiated_name: Self::Info) -> Self::Future {
 		Box::pin(async move {
 			let handshake_len = unsigned_varint::aio::read_usize(&mut socket).await?;
 			if handshake_len > MAX_HANDSHAKE_SIZE {
@@ -174,15 +174,7 @@ where
 				handshake: NotificationsInSubstreamHandshake::NotSent,
 			};
 
-			Ok(NotificationsInOpen {
-				handshake,
-				negotiated_fallback: if negotiated_name == self.protocol_names[0] {
-					None
-				} else {
-					Some(negotiated_name)
-				},
-				substream,
-			})
+			Ok(NotificationsInOpen { handshake, substream })
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -191,9 +183,6 @@ where
 pub struct NotificationsInOpen<TSubstream> {
 	/// Handshake sent by the remote.
 	pub handshake: Vec<u8>,
-	/// If the negotiated name is not the "main" protocol name but a fallback, contains the
-	/// name of the negotiated fallback.
-	pub negotiated_fallback: Option<ProtocolName>,
 	/// Implementation of `Stream` that allows receives messages from the substream.
 	pub substream: NotificationsInSubstream<TSubstream>,
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/src/service/metrics.rs b/substrate/client/network/src/service/metrics.rs
index 202dc7b2ed695551329419d09e5c3ae47964e299..e48c53953ff813eaac02c088557a64185554e551 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/src/service/metrics.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/src/service/metrics.rs
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ pub struct Metrics {
 	pub distinct_peers_connections_opened_total: Counter<U64>,
 	pub incoming_connections_errors_total: CounterVec<U64>,
 	pub incoming_connections_total: Counter<U64>,
-	pub issued_light_requests: Counter<U64>,
 	pub kademlia_query_duration: HistogramVec,
 	pub kademlia_random_queries_total: Counter<U64>,
 	pub kademlia_records_count: Gauge<U64>,
@@ -126,10 +125,6 @@ impl Metrics {
 				"substrate_sub_libp2p_incoming_connections_total",
 				"Total number of incoming connections on the listening sockets"
 			)?, registry)?,
-			issued_light_requests: prometheus::register(Counter::new(
-				"substrate_issued_light_requests",
-				"Number of light client requests that our node has issued.",
-			)?, registry)?,
 			kademlia_query_duration: prometheus::register(HistogramVec::new(
 				HistogramOpts {
 					common_opts: Opts::new(
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/sync/src/engine.rs b/substrate/client/network/sync/src/engine.rs
index 96c1750b31161ff6e37096cac9667285f801cc2c..dceea9954c6e9ff696d9ee01098713857984ed41 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/sync/src/engine.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/sync/src/engine.rs
@@ -812,7 +812,8 @@ where
 		}
 
 		if !self.default_peers_set_no_slot_connected_peers.remove(&peer_id) &&
-			info.inbound && info.info.roles.is_full()
+			info.inbound &&
+			info.info.roles.is_full()
 		{
 			match self.num_in_peers.checked_sub(1) {
 				Some(value) => {
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/sync/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/network/sync/src/lib.rs
index ca7280edba5f5df5ec9be586f2048a5638604ae4..c458c7a5da498bbec42db83b5df210eda9fe5d70 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/sync/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/sync/src/lib.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ mod block_announce_validator;
 mod futures_stream;
 mod justification_requests;
 mod pending_responses;
-mod request_metrics;
 mod schema;
 pub mod types;
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/test/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/network/test/src/lib.rs
index 0f73e3194baadbb7d8d65aea6b3b97721997a36e..06e243342fb2dd4a9f8fac8680545ef481c66b66 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/test/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/test/src/lib.rs
@@ -628,9 +628,8 @@ struct VerifierAdapter<B: BlockT> {
 impl<B: BlockT> Verifier<B> for VerifierAdapter<B> {
 	async fn verify(&self, block: BlockImportParams<B>) -> Result<BlockImportParams<B>, String> {
 		let hash = block.header.hash();
-		self.verifier.lock().await.verify(block).await.map_err(|e| {
+		self.verifier.lock().await.verify(block).await.inspect_err(|e| {
 			self.failed_verifications.lock().insert(hash, e.clone());
-			e
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/test/src/sync.rs b/substrate/client/network/test/src/sync.rs
index 4244c49bf7fb38a42339102836bc0c206d4d48de..91307d8692816254167a5e329d069d36255f4619 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/test/src/sync.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/test/src/sync.rs
@@ -749,24 +749,6 @@ async fn sync_blocks_when_block_announce_validator_says_it_is_new_best() {
 	}
 }
 
-/// Waits for some time until the validation is successful.
-struct DeferredBlockAnnounceValidator;
-
-impl BlockAnnounceValidator<Block> for DeferredBlockAnnounceValidator {
-	fn validate(
-		&mut self,
-		_: &Header,
-		_: &[u8],
-	) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<Validation, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send>>> + Send>>
-	{
-		async {
-			futures_timer::Delay::new(std::time::Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
-			Ok(Validation::Success { is_new_best: false })
-		}
-		.boxed()
-	}
-}
-
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
 async fn wait_until_deferred_block_announce_validation_is_ready() {
 	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/transactions/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/network/transactions/src/lib.rs
index a241041968fd2c83eaabbc3a225aa4f675e75471..2b5297fe0e134afce13d297b80f0bbd3d66c6ba2 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/transactions/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/network/transactions/src/lib.rs
@@ -462,6 +462,8 @@ where
 		if let Some(transaction) = self.transaction_pool.transaction(hash) {
 			let propagated_to = self.do_propagate_transactions(&[(hash.clone(), transaction)]);
 			self.transaction_pool.on_broadcasted(propagated_to);
+		} else {
+			debug!(target: "sync", "Propagating transaction failure [{:?}]", hash);
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/offchain/Cargo.toml b/substrate/client/offchain/Cargo.toml
index 4b5b04cca627be105506ff63f7a81df8cbe45f9b..bbbe7018d1060e5e87ed94dca9b1afabab978cc9 100644
--- a/substrate/client/offchain/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/client/offchain/Cargo.toml
@@ -22,7 +22,10 @@ codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 fnv = { workspace = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
 futures-timer = { workspace = true }
-hyperv14 = { features = ["http2", "stream"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
+hyperv14 = { features = [
+	"http2",
+	"stream",
+], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 hyper-rustls = { features = ["http2"], workspace = true }
 num_cpus = { workspace = true }
 once_cell = { workspace = true }
@@ -46,7 +49,6 @@ log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 async-trait = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-block-builder = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-client-db = { default-features = true, workspace = true }
diff --git a/substrate/client/offchain/src/api/http.rs b/substrate/client/offchain/src/api/http.rs
index fda5728b0d03e5dd2445d7f88f85c6987f5bf399..73407b1359d772cb28071fa0ba2f6e35b8b47f00 100644
--- a/substrate/client/offchain/src/api/http.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/offchain/src/api/http.rs
@@ -763,14 +763,12 @@ mod tests {
 	use crate::api::timestamp;
 	use core::convert::Infallible;
 	use futures::{future, StreamExt};
-	use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 	use sp_core::offchain::{Duration, Externalities, HttpError, HttpRequestId, HttpRequestStatus};
+	use std::sync::LazyLock;
 
-	// Using lazy_static to avoid spawning lots of different SharedClients,
+	// Using LazyLock to avoid spawning lots of different SharedClients,
 	// as spawning a SharedClient is CPU-intensive and opens lots of fds.
-	lazy_static! {
-		static ref SHARED_CLIENT: SharedClient = SharedClient::new();
-	}
+	static SHARED_CLIENT: LazyLock<SharedClient> = LazyLock::new(|| SharedClient::new());
 
 	// Returns an `HttpApi` whose worker is ran in the background, and a `SocketAddr` to an HTTP
 	// server that runs in the background as well.
diff --git a/substrate/client/offchain/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/offchain/src/lib.rs
index 7cee64e6ce7ef466f173f1e56fbd093bf8bbe0cd..3d5728aad17deededa8ece937c356e14e0486176 100644
--- a/substrate/client/offchain/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/offchain/src/lib.rs
@@ -446,8 +446,13 @@ mod tests {
 
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let pool =
-			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());
+		let pool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
+			Default::default(),
+			true.into(),
+			None,
+			spawner,
+			client.clone(),
+		));
 		let network = Arc::new(TestNetwork());
 		let header = client.header(client.chain_info().genesis_hash).unwrap().unwrap();
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-servers/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-servers/src/lib.rs
index 756e2a08c6d4d8771119ee43d4cbd7e48ee29d0b..31e4042d81f27342a80b48587bb7ad130607edcc 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-servers/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-servers/src/lib.rs
@@ -255,8 +255,9 @@ where
 							),
 						};
 
-						let rpc_middleware =
-							RpcServiceBuilder::new().option_layer(middleware_layer.clone());
+						let rpc_middleware = RpcServiceBuilder::new()
+							.rpc_logger(1024)
+							.option_layer(middleware_layer.clone());
 						let mut svc = service_builder
 							.set_rpc_middleware(rpc_middleware)
 							.build(methods, stop_handle);
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/Cargo.toml b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/Cargo.toml
index ae21895de38d19c1deb25f0103bf8a899d6fd72a..58dd8b830bebf5b25ceae5c36953b3ad286eb833 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/Cargo.toml
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ sp-rpc = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-blockchain = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-version = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-client-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-utils = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-rpc = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 codec = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
@@ -56,6 +55,8 @@ sp-externalities = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-maybe-compressed-blob = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-block-builder = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-service = { features = ["test-helpers"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sc-rpc = { workspace = true, default-features = true, features = ["test-helpers"] }
 assert_matches = { workspace = true }
 pretty_assertions = { workspace = true }
 sc-transaction-pool = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sc-utils = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/archive/archive.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/archive/archive.rs
index 82c6b2cacc2f4b02991dc89faa8e28a43318b223..dd6c566a76ed475f41acf189dc5e6734e68f58bc 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/archive/archive.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/archive/archive.rs
@@ -275,6 +275,7 @@ where
 			self.storage_max_descendant_responses,
 			self.storage_max_queried_items,
 		);
+
 		Ok(storage_client.handle_query(hash, items, child_trie))
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head.rs
index 1bc5cecb205bbd58a1cc6ebb5f0da9c94f6e26b7..a88e7f2a0b3a40269d41459591af9842029d9dd4 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head.rs
@@ -27,14 +27,15 @@ use crate::{
 		api::ChainHeadApiServer,
 		chain_head_follow::ChainHeadFollower,
 		error::Error as ChainHeadRpcError,
-		event::{FollowEvent, MethodResponse, OperationError},
-		subscription::{SubscriptionManagement, SubscriptionManagementError},
+		event::{FollowEvent, MethodResponse, OperationError, OperationId, OperationStorageItems},
+		subscription::{StopHandle, SubscriptionManagement, SubscriptionManagementError},
+		FollowEventSendError, FollowEventSender,
 	},
-	common::events::StorageQuery,
+	common::{events::StorageQuery, storage::QueryResult},
 	hex_string, SubscriptionTaskExecutor,
 };
 use codec::Encode;
-use futures::{channel::oneshot, future::FutureExt};
+use futures::{channel::oneshot, future::FutureExt, SinkExt};
 use jsonrpsee::{
 	core::async_trait, server::ResponsePayload, types::SubscriptionId, ConnectionId, Extensions,
 	MethodResponseFuture, PendingSubscriptionSink,
@@ -51,9 +52,16 @@ use sp_core::{traits::CallContext, Bytes};
 use sp_rpc::list::ListOrValue;
 use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
 use std::{marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
+use tokio::sync::mpsc;
 
 pub(crate) const LOG_TARGET: &str = "rpc-spec-v2";
 
+/// The buffer capacity for each storage query.
+///
+/// This is small because the underlying JSON-RPC server has
+/// its down buffer capacity per connection as well.
+const STORAGE_QUERY_BUF: usize = 16;
+
 /// The configuration of [`ChainHead`].
 pub struct ChainHeadConfig {
 	/// The maximum number of pinned blocks across all subscriptions.
@@ -65,9 +73,6 @@ pub struct ChainHeadConfig {
 	/// Stop all subscriptions if the distance between the leaves and the current finalized
 	/// block is larger than this value.
 	pub max_lagging_distance: usize,
-	/// The maximum number of items reported by the `chainHead_storage` before
-	/// pagination is required.
-	pub operation_max_storage_items: usize,
 	/// The maximum number of `chainHead_follow` subscriptions per connection.
 	pub max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: usize,
 }
@@ -87,10 +92,6 @@ const MAX_PINNED_DURATION: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60);
 /// Note: The lower limit imposed by the spec is 16.
 const MAX_ONGOING_OPERATIONS: usize = 16;
 
-/// The maximum number of items the `chainHead_storage` can return
-/// before paginations is required.
-const MAX_STORAGE_ITER_ITEMS: usize = 5;
-
 /// Stop all subscriptions if the distance between the leaves and the current finalized
 /// block is larger than this value.
 const MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE: usize = 128;
@@ -105,7 +106,6 @@ impl Default for ChainHeadConfig {
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: MAX_PINNED_DURATION,
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_ONGOING_OPERATIONS,
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_STORAGE_ITER_ITEMS,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		}
 	}
@@ -121,9 +121,6 @@ pub struct ChainHead<BE: Backend<Block>, Block: BlockT, Client> {
 	executor: SubscriptionTaskExecutor,
 	/// Keep track of the pinned blocks for each subscription.
 	subscriptions: SubscriptionManagement<Block, BE>,
-	/// The maximum number of items reported by the `chainHead_storage` before
-	/// pagination is required.
-	operation_max_storage_items: usize,
 	/// Stop all subscriptions if the distance between the leaves and the current finalized
 	/// block is larger than this value.
 	max_lagging_distance: usize,
@@ -150,7 +147,6 @@ impl<BE: Backend<Block>, Block: BlockT, Client> ChainHead<BE, Block, Client> {
 				config.max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection,
 				backend,
 			),
-			operation_max_storage_items: config.operation_max_storage_items,
 			max_lagging_distance: config.max_lagging_distance,
 			_phantom: PhantomData,
 		}
@@ -314,7 +310,7 @@ where
 				}),
 			};
 
-			let (rp, rp_fut) = method_started_response(operation_id, None);
+			let (rp, rp_fut) = method_started_response(operation_id);
 			let fut = async move {
 				// Wait for the server to send out the response and if it produces an error no event
 				// should be generated.
@@ -322,7 +318,7 @@ where
 					return;
 				}
 
-				let _ = block_guard.response_sender().unbounded_send(event);
+				let _ = block_guard.response_sender().send(event).await;
 			};
 			executor.spawn_blocking("substrate-rpc-subscription", Some("rpc"), fut.boxed());
 
@@ -426,20 +422,10 @@ where
 				Err(_) => return ResponsePayload::error(ChainHeadRpcError::InvalidBlock),
 			};
 
-		let mut storage_client = ChainHeadStorage::<Client, Block, BE>::new(
-			self.client.clone(),
-			self.operation_max_storage_items,
-		);
-		let operation = block_guard.operation();
-		let operation_id = operation.operation_id();
+		let mut storage_client = ChainHeadStorage::<Client, Block, BE>::new(self.client.clone());
 
-		// The number of operations we are allowed to execute.
-		let num_operations = operation.num_reserved();
-		let discarded = items.len().saturating_sub(num_operations);
-		let mut items = items;
-		items.truncate(num_operations);
+		let (rp, rp_fut) = method_started_response(block_guard.operation().operation_id());
 
-		let (rp, rp_fut) = method_started_response(operation_id, Some(discarded));
 		let fut = async move {
 			// Wait for the server to send out the response and if it produces an error no event
 			// should be generated.
@@ -447,10 +433,20 @@ where
 				return;
 			}
 
-			storage_client.generate_events(block_guard, hash, items, child_trie).await;
+			let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(STORAGE_QUERY_BUF);
+			let operation_id = block_guard.operation().operation_id();
+			let stop_handle = block_guard.operation().stop_handle().clone();
+			let response_sender = block_guard.response_sender();
+
+			// May fail if the channel is closed or the connection is closed.
+			// which is okay to ignore.
+			let _ = futures::future::join(
+				storage_client.generate_events(hash, items, child_trie, tx),
+				process_storage_items(rx, response_sender, operation_id, &stop_handle),
+			)
+			.await;
 		};
-		self.executor
-			.spawn_blocking("substrate-rpc-subscription", Some("rpc"), fut.boxed());
+		self.executor.spawn("substrate-rpc-subscription", Some("rpc"), fut.boxed());
 
 		rp
 	}
@@ -503,7 +499,7 @@ where
 		let operation_id = block_guard.operation().operation_id();
 		let client = self.client.clone();
 
-		let (rp, rp_fut) = method_started_response(operation_id.clone(), None);
+		let (rp, rp_fut) = method_started_response(operation_id.clone());
 		let fut = async move {
 			// Wait for the server to send out the response and if it produces an error no event
 			// should be generated.
@@ -527,7 +523,7 @@ where
 					})
 				});
 
-			let _ = block_guard.response_sender().unbounded_send(event);
+			let _ = block_guard.response_sender().send(event).await;
 		};
 		self.executor
 			.spawn_blocking("substrate-rpc-subscription", Some("rpc"), fut.boxed());
@@ -588,13 +584,9 @@ where
 			return Ok(())
 		}
 
-		let Some(operation) = self.subscriptions.get_operation(&follow_subscription, &operation_id)
-		else {
-			return Ok(())
-		};
-
-		if !operation.submit_continue() {
-			// Continue called without generating a `WaitingForContinue` event.
+		// WaitingForContinue event is never emitted, in such cases
+		// emit an `InvalidContinue error`.
+		if self.subscriptions.get_operation(&follow_subscription, &operation_id).is_some() {
 			Err(ChainHeadRpcError::InvalidContinue.into())
 		} else {
 			Ok(())
@@ -616,12 +608,13 @@ where
 			return Ok(())
 		}
 
-		let Some(operation) = self.subscriptions.get_operation(&follow_subscription, &operation_id)
+		let Some(mut operation) =
+			self.subscriptions.get_operation(&follow_subscription, &operation_id)
 		else {
 			return Ok(())
 		};
 
-		operation.stop_operation();
+		operation.stop();
 
 		Ok(())
 	}
@@ -629,9 +622,8 @@ where
 
 fn method_started_response(
 	operation_id: String,
-	discarded_items: Option<usize>,
 ) -> (ResponsePayload<'static, MethodResponse>, MethodResponseFuture) {
-	let rp = MethodResponse::Started(MethodResponseStarted { operation_id, discarded_items });
+	let rp = MethodResponse::Started(MethodResponseStarted { operation_id, discarded_items: None });
 	ResponsePayload::success(rp).notify_on_completion()
 }
 
@@ -657,3 +649,46 @@ where
 
 	rx
 }
+
+async fn process_storage_items<Hash>(
+	mut storage_query_stream: mpsc::Receiver<QueryResult>,
+	mut sender: FollowEventSender<Hash>,
+	operation_id: String,
+	stop_handle: &StopHandle,
+) -> Result<(), FollowEventSendError> {
+	loop {
+		tokio::select! {
+			_ = stop_handle.stopped() => {
+				break;
+			},
+
+			maybe_storage = storage_query_stream.recv() => {
+				let Some(storage) = maybe_storage else {
+					break;
+				};
+
+				let item = match storage {
+					QueryResult::Err(error) => {
+						return sender
+						.send(FollowEvent::OperationError(OperationError { operation_id, error }))
+						.await
+					}
+					QueryResult::Ok(Some(v)) => v,
+					QueryResult::Ok(None) => continue,
+				};
+
+				sender
+					.send(FollowEvent::OperationStorageItems(OperationStorageItems {
+						operation_id: operation_id.clone(),
+						items: vec![item],
+				})).await?;
+			},
+		}
+	}
+
+	sender
+		.send(FollowEvent::OperationStorageDone(OperationId { operation_id }))
+		.await?;
+
+	Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head_follow.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head_follow.rs
index ebb72ed3d156b1ee39ab818865f5d9f4e34f8234..f2326f0156779c5f8544d37cdbce81d70d4a2105 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head_follow.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head_follow.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use crate::chain_head::{
 		BestBlockChanged, Finalized, FollowEvent, Initialized, NewBlock, RuntimeEvent,
 		RuntimeVersionEvent,
 	},
-	subscription::{SubscriptionManagement, SubscriptionManagementError},
+	subscription::{InsertedSubscriptionData, SubscriptionManagement, SubscriptionManagementError},
 };
 use futures::{
 	channel::oneshot,
@@ -53,8 +53,6 @@ use std::{
 /// `Initialized` event.
 const MAX_FINALIZED_BLOCKS: usize = 16;
 
-use super::subscription::InsertedSubscriptionData;
-
 /// Generates the events of the `chainHead_follow` method.
 pub struct ChainHeadFollower<BE: Backend<Block>, Block: BlockT, Client> {
 	/// Substrate client.
@@ -71,11 +69,76 @@ pub struct ChainHeadFollower<BE: Backend<Block>, Block: BlockT, Client> {
 	current_best_block: Option<Block::Hash>,
 	/// LRU cache of pruned blocks.
 	pruned_blocks: LruMap<Block::Hash, ()>,
+	/// LRU cache of announced blocks.
+	announced_blocks: AnnouncedBlocks<Block>,
 	/// Stop all subscriptions if the distance between the leaves and the current finalized
 	/// block is larger than this value.
 	max_lagging_distance: usize,
 }
 
+struct AnnouncedBlocks<Block: BlockT> {
+	/// Unfinalized blocks.
+	blocks: LruMap<Block::Hash, ()>,
+	/// Finalized blocks.
+	finalized: MostRecentFinalizedBlocks<Block>,
+}
+
+/// Wrapper over LRU to efficiently lookup hashes and remove elements as FIFO queue.
+///
+/// For the finalized blocks we use `peek` to avoid moving the block counter to the front.
+/// This effectively means that the LRU acts as a FIFO queue. Otherwise, we might
+/// end up with scenarios where the "finalized block" in the end of LRU is overwritten which
+/// may not necessarily be the oldest finalized block i.e, possible that "get" promotes an
+/// older finalized block because it was accessed more recently.
+struct MostRecentFinalizedBlocks<Block: BlockT>(LruMap<Block::Hash, ()>);
+
+impl<Block: BlockT> MostRecentFinalizedBlocks<Block> {
+	/// Insert the finalized block hash into the LRU cache.
+	fn insert(&mut self, block: Block::Hash) {
+		self.0.insert(block, ());
+	}
+
+	/// Check if the block is contained in the LRU cache.
+	fn contains(&mut self, block: &Block::Hash) -> Option<&()> {
+		self.0.peek(block)
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Block: BlockT> AnnouncedBlocks<Block> {
+	/// Creates a new `AnnouncedBlocks`.
+	fn new() -> Self {
+		Self {
+			// The total number of pinned blocks is `MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS`, ensure we don't
+			// exceed the limit.
+			blocks: LruMap::new(ByLength::new((MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS - MAX_FINALIZED_BLOCKS) as u32)),
+			// We are keeping a smaller number of announced finalized blocks in memory.
+			// This is because the `Finalized` event might be triggered before the `NewBlock` event.
+			finalized: MostRecentFinalizedBlocks(LruMap::new(ByLength::new(
+				MAX_FINALIZED_BLOCKS as u32,
+			))),
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Insert the block into the announced blocks.
+	fn insert(&mut self, block: Block::Hash, finalized: bool) {
+		if finalized {
+			// When a block is declared as finalized, it is removed from the unfinalized blocks.
+			//
+			// Given that the finalized blocks are bounded to `MAX_FINALIZED_BLOCKS`,
+			// this ensures we keep the minimum number of blocks in memory.
+			self.blocks.remove(&block);
+			self.finalized.insert(block);
+		} else {
+			self.blocks.insert(block, ());
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Check if the block was previously announced.
+	fn was_announced(&mut self, block: &Block::Hash) -> bool {
+		self.blocks.get(block).is_some() || self.finalized.contains(block).is_some()
+	}
+}
+
 impl<BE: Backend<Block>, Block: BlockT, Client> ChainHeadFollower<BE, Block, Client> {
 	/// Create a new [`ChainHeadFollower`].
 	pub fn new(
@@ -96,6 +159,7 @@ impl<BE: Backend<Block>, Block: BlockT, Client> ChainHeadFollower<BE, Block, Cli
 			pruned_blocks: LruMap::new(ByLength::new(
 				MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS.try_into().unwrap_or(u32::MAX),
 			)),
+			announced_blocks: AnnouncedBlocks::new(),
 			max_lagging_distance,
 		}
 	}
@@ -214,7 +278,7 @@ where
 	///
 	/// This edge-case can happen for parachains where the relay chain syncs slower to
 	/// the head of the chain than the parachain node that is synced already.
-	fn distace_within_reason(
+	fn distance_within_reason(
 		&self,
 		block: Block::Hash,
 		finalized: Block::Hash,
@@ -250,7 +314,7 @@ where
 		// Ensure all leaves are within a reasonable distance from the finalized block,
 		// before traversing the tree.
 		for leaf in &leaves {
-			self.distace_within_reason(*leaf, finalized)?;
+			self.distance_within_reason(*leaf, finalized)?;
 		}
 
 		for leaf in leaves {
@@ -326,6 +390,10 @@ where
 		let finalized_block_hash = startup_point.finalized_hash;
 		let finalized_block_runtime = self.generate_runtime_event(finalized_block_hash, None);
 
+		for finalized in &finalized_block_hashes {
+			self.announced_blocks.insert(*finalized, true);
+		}
+
 		let initialized_event = FollowEvent::Initialized(Initialized {
 			finalized_block_hashes: finalized_block_hashes.into(),
 			finalized_block_runtime,
@@ -336,6 +404,13 @@ where
 
 		finalized_block_descendants.push(initialized_event);
 		for (child, parent) in initial_blocks.into_iter() {
+			// If the parent was not announced we have a gap currently.
+			// This can happen during a WarpSync.
+			if !self.announced_blocks.was_announced(&parent) {
+				return Err(SubscriptionManagementError::BlockHeaderAbsent);
+			}
+			self.announced_blocks.insert(child, false);
+
 			let new_runtime = self.generate_runtime_event(child, Some(parent));
 
 			let event = FollowEvent::NewBlock(NewBlock {
@@ -351,6 +426,11 @@ where
 		// Generate a new best block event.
 		let best_block_hash = startup_point.best_hash;
 		if best_block_hash != finalized_block_hash {
+			if !self.announced_blocks.was_announced(&best_block_hash) {
+				return Err(SubscriptionManagementError::BlockHeaderAbsent);
+			}
+			self.announced_blocks.insert(best_block_hash, true);
+
 			let best_block = FollowEvent::BestBlockChanged(BestBlockChanged { best_block_hash });
 			self.current_best_block = Some(best_block_hash);
 			finalized_block_descendants.push(best_block);
@@ -408,21 +488,41 @@ where
 		notification: BlockImportNotification<Block>,
 		startup_point: &StartupPoint<Block>,
 	) -> Result<Vec<FollowEvent<Block::Hash>>, SubscriptionManagementError> {
-		// The block was already pinned by the initial block events or by the finalized event.
-		if !self.sub_handle.pin_block(&self.sub_id, notification.hash)? {
-			return Ok(Default::default())
-		}
+		let block_hash = notification.hash;
 
 		// Ensure we are only reporting blocks after the starting point.
 		if *notification.header.number() < startup_point.finalized_number {
 			return Ok(Default::default())
 		}
 
-		Ok(self.generate_import_events(
-			notification.hash,
-			*notification.header.parent_hash(),
-			notification.is_new_best,
-		))
+		// Ensure the block can be pinned before generating the events.
+		if !self.sub_handle.pin_block(&self.sub_id, block_hash)? {
+			// The block is already pinned, this is similar to the check above.
+			//
+			// The `SubscriptionManagement` ensures the block is tracked until (short lived):
+			// - 2 calls to `pin_block` are made (from `Finalized` and `NewBlock` branches).
+			// - the block is unpinned by the user
+			//
+			// This is rather a sanity checks for edge-cases (in theory), where
+			// [`MAX_FINALIZED_BLOCKS` + 1] finalized events are triggered before the `NewBlock`
+			// event of the first `Finalized` event.
+			return Ok(Default::default())
+		}
+
+		if self.announced_blocks.was_announced(&block_hash) {
+			// Block was already reported by the finalized branch.
+			return Ok(Default::default())
+		}
+
+		// Double check the parent hash. If the parent hash is not reported, we have a gap.
+		let parent_block_hash = *notification.header.parent_hash();
+		if !self.announced_blocks.was_announced(&parent_block_hash) {
+			// The parent block was not reported, we have a gap.
+			return Err(SubscriptionManagementError::Custom("Parent block was not reported".into()))
+		}
+
+		self.announced_blocks.insert(block_hash, false);
+		Ok(self.generate_import_events(block_hash, parent_block_hash, notification.is_new_best))
 	}
 
 	/// Generates new block events from the given finalized hashes.
@@ -448,12 +548,21 @@ where
 			return Err(SubscriptionManagementError::BlockHeaderAbsent)
 		};
 
+		if !self.announced_blocks.was_announced(first_header.parent_hash()) {
+			return Err(SubscriptionManagementError::Custom(
+				"Parent block was not reported for a finalized block".into(),
+			));
+		}
+
 		let parents =
 			std::iter::once(first_header.parent_hash()).chain(finalized_block_hashes.iter());
 		for (i, (hash, parent)) in finalized_block_hashes.iter().zip(parents).enumerate() {
-			// Check if the block was already reported and thus, is already pinned.
-			if !self.sub_handle.pin_block(&self.sub_id, *hash)? {
-				continue
+			// Ensure the block is pinned before generating the events.
+			self.sub_handle.pin_block(&self.sub_id, *hash)?;
+
+			// Check if the block was already reported.
+			if self.announced_blocks.was_announced(hash) {
+				continue;
 			}
 
 			// Generate `NewBlock` events for all blocks beside the last block in the list
@@ -461,6 +570,7 @@ where
 			if !is_last {
 				// Generate only the `NewBlock` event for this block.
 				events.extend(self.generate_import_events(*hash, *parent, false));
+				self.announced_blocks.insert(*hash, true);
 				continue;
 			}
 
@@ -483,7 +593,8 @@ where
 			}
 
 			// Let's generate the `NewBlock` and `NewBestBlock` events for the block.
-			events.extend(self.generate_import_events(*hash, *parent, true))
+			events.extend(self.generate_import_events(*hash, *parent, true));
+			self.announced_blocks.insert(*hash, true);
 		}
 
 		Ok(events)
@@ -545,6 +656,10 @@ where
 		let pruned_block_hashes =
 			self.get_pruned_hashes(&notification.stale_heads, last_finalized)?;
 
+		for finalized in &finalized_block_hashes {
+			self.announced_blocks.insert(*finalized, true);
+		}
+
 		let finalized_event = FollowEvent::Finalized(Finalized {
 			finalized_block_hashes,
 			pruned_block_hashes: pruned_block_hashes.clone(),
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head_storage.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head_storage.rs
index ee39ec253a30cdca26a95ba78174b52b68ee202a..936117e66f98128425b4020e06a4ed7d758cb709 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head_storage.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/chain_head_storage.rs
@@ -18,45 +18,34 @@
 
 //! Implementation of the `chainHead_storage` method.
 
-use std::{collections::VecDeque, marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc};
+use std::{marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc};
 
 use sc_client_api::{Backend, ChildInfo, StorageKey, StorageProvider};
-use sc_utils::mpsc::TracingUnboundedSender;
 use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
+use tokio::sync::mpsc;
 
-use crate::{
-	chain_head::{
-		event::{OperationError, OperationId, OperationStorageItems},
-		subscription::BlockGuard,
-		FollowEvent,
-	},
-	common::{
-		events::{StorageQuery, StorageQueryType},
-		storage::{IterQueryType, QueryIter, QueryIterResult, Storage},
-	},
+use crate::common::{
+	events::{StorageQuery, StorageQueryType},
+	storage::{IterQueryType, QueryIter, QueryResult, Storage},
 };
 
 /// Generates the events of the `chainHead_storage` method.
 pub struct ChainHeadStorage<Client, Block, BE> {
 	/// Storage client.
 	client: Storage<Client, Block, BE>,
-	/// Queue of operations that may require pagination.
-	iter_operations: VecDeque<QueryIter>,
-	/// The maximum number of items reported by the `chainHead_storage` before
-	/// pagination is required.
-	operation_max_storage_items: usize,
 	_phandom: PhantomData<(BE, Block)>,
 }
 
+impl<Client, Block, BE> Clone for ChainHeadStorage<Client, Block, BE> {
+	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+		Self { client: self.client.clone(), _phandom: PhantomData }
+	}
+}
+
 impl<Client, Block, BE> ChainHeadStorage<Client, Block, BE> {
 	/// Constructs a new [`ChainHeadStorage`].
-	pub fn new(client: Arc<Client>, operation_max_storage_items: usize) -> Self {
-		Self {
-			client: Storage::new(client),
-			iter_operations: VecDeque::new(),
-			operation_max_storage_items,
-			_phandom: PhantomData,
-		}
+	pub fn new(client: Arc<Client>) -> Self {
+		Self { client: Storage::new(client), _phandom: PhantomData }
 	}
 }
 
@@ -64,146 +53,71 @@ impl<Client, Block, BE> ChainHeadStorage<Client, Block, BE>
 where
 	Block: BlockT + 'static,
 	BE: Backend<Block> + 'static,
-	Client: StorageProvider<Block, BE> + 'static,
+	Client: StorageProvider<Block, BE> + Send + Sync + 'static,
 {
-	/// Iterate over (key, hash) and (key, value) generating the `WaitingForContinue` event if
-	/// necessary.
-	async fn generate_storage_iter_events(
-		&mut self,
-		mut block_guard: BlockGuard<Block, BE>,
-		hash: Block::Hash,
-		child_key: Option<ChildInfo>,
-	) {
-		let sender = block_guard.response_sender();
-		let operation = block_guard.operation();
-
-		while let Some(query) = self.iter_operations.pop_front() {
-			if operation.was_stopped() {
-				return
-			}
-
-			let result = self.client.query_iter_pagination(
-				query,
-				hash,
-				child_key.as_ref(),
-				self.operation_max_storage_items,
-			);
-			let (events, maybe_next_query) = match result {
-				QueryIterResult::Ok(result) => result,
-				QueryIterResult::Err(error) => {
-					send_error::<Block>(&sender, operation.operation_id(), error.to_string());
-					return
-				},
-			};
-
-			if !events.is_empty() {
-				// Send back the results of the iteration produced so far.
-				let _ = sender.unbounded_send(FollowEvent::<Block::Hash>::OperationStorageItems(
-					OperationStorageItems { operation_id: operation.operation_id(), items: events },
-				));
-			}
-
-			if let Some(next_query) = maybe_next_query {
-				let _ =
-					sender.unbounded_send(FollowEvent::<Block::Hash>::OperationWaitingForContinue(
-						OperationId { operation_id: operation.operation_id() },
-					));
-
-				// The operation might be continued or cancelled only after the
-				// `OperationWaitingForContinue` is generated above.
-				operation.wait_for_continue().await;
-
-				// Give a chance for the other items to advance next time.
-				self.iter_operations.push_back(next_query);
-			}
-		}
-
-		if operation.was_stopped() {
-			return
-		}
-
-		let _ =
-			sender.unbounded_send(FollowEvent::<Block::Hash>::OperationStorageDone(OperationId {
-				operation_id: operation.operation_id(),
-			}));
-	}
-
 	/// Generate the block events for the `chainHead_storage` method.
 	pub async fn generate_events(
 		&mut self,
-		mut block_guard: BlockGuard<Block, BE>,
 		hash: Block::Hash,
 		items: Vec<StorageQuery<StorageKey>>,
 		child_key: Option<ChildInfo>,
-	) {
-		let sender = block_guard.response_sender();
-		let operation = block_guard.operation();
-
-		let mut storage_results = Vec::with_capacity(items.len());
-		for item in items {
-			match item.query_type {
-				StorageQueryType::Value => {
-					match self.client.query_value(hash, &item.key, child_key.as_ref()) {
-						Ok(Some(value)) => storage_results.push(value),
-						Ok(None) => continue,
-						Err(error) => {
-							send_error::<Block>(&sender, operation.operation_id(), error);
-							return
-						},
-					}
-				},
-				StorageQueryType::Hash =>
-					match self.client.query_hash(hash, &item.key, child_key.as_ref()) {
-						Ok(Some(value)) => storage_results.push(value),
-						Ok(None) => continue,
-						Err(error) => {
-							send_error::<Block>(&sender, operation.operation_id(), error);
-							return
-						},
+		tx: mpsc::Sender<QueryResult>,
+	) -> Result<(), tokio::task::JoinError> {
+		let this = self.clone();
+
+		tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+			for item in items {
+				match item.query_type {
+					StorageQueryType::Value => {
+						let rp = this.client.query_value(hash, &item.key, child_key.as_ref());
+						if tx.blocking_send(rp).is_err() {
+							break;
+						}
 					},
-				StorageQueryType::ClosestDescendantMerkleValue =>
-					match self.client.query_merkle_value(hash, &item.key, child_key.as_ref()) {
-						Ok(Some(value)) => storage_results.push(value),
-						Ok(None) => continue,
-						Err(error) => {
-							send_error::<Block>(&sender, operation.operation_id(), error);
-							return
-						},
+					StorageQueryType::Hash => {
+						let rp = this.client.query_hash(hash, &item.key, child_key.as_ref());
+						if tx.blocking_send(rp).is_err() {
+							break;
+						}
 					},
-				StorageQueryType::DescendantsValues => self.iter_operations.push_back(QueryIter {
-					query_key: item.key,
-					ty: IterQueryType::Value,
-					pagination_start_key: None,
-				}),
-				StorageQueryType::DescendantsHashes => self.iter_operations.push_back(QueryIter {
-					query_key: item.key,
-					ty: IterQueryType::Hash,
-					pagination_start_key: None,
-				}),
-			};
-		}
-
-		if !storage_results.is_empty() {
-			let _ = sender.unbounded_send(FollowEvent::<Block::Hash>::OperationStorageItems(
-				OperationStorageItems {
-					operation_id: operation.operation_id(),
-					items: storage_results,
-				},
-			));
-		}
+					StorageQueryType::ClosestDescendantMerkleValue => {
+						let rp =
+							this.client.query_merkle_value(hash, &item.key, child_key.as_ref());
+						if tx.blocking_send(rp).is_err() {
+							break;
+						}
+					},
+					StorageQueryType::DescendantsValues => {
+						let query = QueryIter {
+							query_key: item.key,
+							ty: IterQueryType::Value,
+							pagination_start_key: None,
+						};
+						this.client.query_iter_pagination_with_producer(
+							query,
+							hash,
+							child_key.as_ref(),
+							&tx,
+						)
+					},
+					StorageQueryType::DescendantsHashes => {
+						let query = QueryIter {
+							query_key: item.key,
+							ty: IterQueryType::Hash,
+							pagination_start_key: None,
+						};
+						this.client.query_iter_pagination_with_producer(
+							query,
+							hash,
+							child_key.as_ref(),
+							&tx,
+						)
+					},
+				}
+			}
+		})
+		.await?;
 
-		self.generate_storage_iter_events(block_guard, hash, child_key).await
+		Ok(())
 	}
 }
-
-/// Build and send the opaque error back to the `chainHead_follow` method.
-fn send_error<Block: BlockT>(
-	sender: &TracingUnboundedSender<FollowEvent<Block::Hash>>,
-	operation_id: String,
-	error: String,
-) {
-	let _ = sender.unbounded_send(FollowEvent::<Block::Hash>::OperationError(OperationError {
-		operation_id,
-		error,
-	}));
-}
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/mod.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/mod.rs
index c9fe19aca2b1898da25e45019e1924256d732d9a..98ddfbbdc63f2dfae7bd90eef5e72b6d0fe21ccc 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/mod.rs
@@ -42,3 +42,10 @@ pub use event::{
 	BestBlockChanged, ErrorEvent, Finalized, FollowEvent, Initialized, NewBlock, RuntimeEvent,
 	RuntimeVersionEvent,
 };
+
+/// Follow event sender.
+pub(crate) type FollowEventSender<Hash> = futures::channel::mpsc::Sender<FollowEvent<Hash>>;
+/// Follow event receiver.
+pub(crate) type FollowEventReceiver<Hash> = futures::channel::mpsc::Receiver<FollowEvent<Hash>>;
+/// Follow event send error.
+pub(crate) type FollowEventSendError = futures::channel::mpsc::SendError;
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/subscription/inner.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/subscription/inner.rs
index 14325b4fbb9807d25b7292aa143cbdb2840d0753..95a7c7fe183205d376d9c6d0da797cae1eaa967c 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/subscription/inner.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/subscription/inner.rs
@@ -19,18 +19,25 @@
 use futures::channel::oneshot;
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use sc_client_api::Backend;
-use sc_utils::mpsc::{tracing_unbounded, TracingUnboundedReceiver, TracingUnboundedSender};
 use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
 use std::{
 	collections::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap, HashSet},
-	sync::{atomic::AtomicBool, Arc},
+	sync::Arc,
 	time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
 
-use crate::chain_head::{subscription::SubscriptionManagementError, FollowEvent};
+use crate::chain_head::{
+	subscription::SubscriptionManagementError, FollowEventReceiver, FollowEventSender,
+};
+
+type NotifyOnDrop = tokio::sync::mpsc::Receiver<()>;
+type SharedOperations = Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, (NotifyOnDrop, StopHandle)>>>;
 
-/// The queue size after which the `sc_utils::mpsc::tracing_unbounded` would produce warnings.
-const QUEUE_SIZE_WARNING: usize = 512;
+/// The buffer capacity for each subscription
+///
+/// Beware of that the JSON-RPC server has a global
+/// buffer per connection and this a extra buffer.
+const BUF_CAP_PER_SUBSCRIPTION: usize = 16;
 
 /// The state machine of a block of a single subscription ID.
 ///
@@ -138,7 +145,7 @@ impl LimitOperations {
 			.try_acquire_many_owned(num_ops.try_into().ok()?)
 			.ok()?;
 
-		Some(PermitOperations { num_ops, _permit: permits })
+		Some(permits)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -148,79 +155,36 @@ impl LimitOperations {
 /// to guarantee the RPC server can execute the number of operations.
 ///
 /// The number of reserved items are given back to the [`LimitOperations`] on drop.
-struct PermitOperations {
-	/// The number of operations permitted (reserved).
-	num_ops: usize,
-	/// The permit for these operations.
-	_permit: tokio::sync::OwnedSemaphorePermit,
-}
+type PermitOperations = tokio::sync::OwnedSemaphorePermit;
 
-/// The state of one operation.
-///
-/// This is directly exposed to users via `chain_head_unstable_continue` and
-/// `chain_head_unstable_stop_operation`.
+/// Stop handle for the operation.
 #[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct OperationState {
-	/// The shared operation state that holds information about the
-	/// `waitingForContinue` event and cancellation.
-	shared_state: Arc<SharedOperationState>,
-	/// Send notifications when the user calls `chainHead_continue` method.
-	send_continue: tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender<()>,
-}
+pub struct StopHandle(tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender<()>);
 
-impl OperationState {
-	/// Returns true if `chainHead_continue` is called after the
-	/// `waitingForContinue` event was emitted for the associated
-	/// operation ID.
-	pub fn submit_continue(&self) -> bool {
-		// `waitingForContinue` not generated.
-		if !self.shared_state.requested_continue.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-			return false
-		}
-
-		// Has enough capacity for 1 message.
-		// Can fail if the `stop_operation` propagated the stop first.
-		self.send_continue.try_send(()).is_ok()
+impl StopHandle {
+	pub async fn stopped(&self) {
+		self.0.closed().await;
 	}
 
-	/// Stops the operation if `waitingForContinue` event was emitted for the associated
-	/// operation ID.
-	///
-	/// Returns nothing in accordance with `chainHead_v1_stopOperation`.
-	pub fn stop_operation(&self) {
-		// `waitingForContinue` not generated.
-		if !self.shared_state.requested_continue.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-			return
-		}
-
-		self.shared_state
-			.operation_stopped
-			.store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
-
-		// Send might not have enough capacity if `submit_continue` was sent first.
-		// However, the `operation_stopped` boolean was set.
-		let _ = self.send_continue.try_send(());
+	pub fn is_stopped(&self) -> bool {
+		self.0.is_closed()
 	}
 }
 
 /// The shared operation state between the backend [`RegisteredOperation`] and frontend
 /// [`RegisteredOperation`].
-struct SharedOperationState {
-	/// True if the `chainHead` generated `waitingForContinue` event.
-	requested_continue: AtomicBool,
-	/// True if the operation was cancelled by the user.
-	operation_stopped: AtomicBool,
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct OperationState {
+	stop: StopHandle,
+	operations: SharedOperations,
+	operation_id: String,
 }
 
-impl SharedOperationState {
-	/// Constructs a new [`SharedOperationState`].
-	///
-	/// This is efficiently cloned under a single heap allocation.
-	fn new() -> Arc<Self> {
-		Arc::new(SharedOperationState {
-			requested_continue: AtomicBool::new(false),
-			operation_stopped: AtomicBool::new(false),
-		})
+impl OperationState {
+	pub fn stop(&mut self) {
+		if !self.stop.is_stopped() {
+			self.operations.lock().remove(&self.operation_id);
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -228,59 +192,31 @@ impl SharedOperationState {
 ///
 /// This is used internally by the `chainHead` methods.
 pub struct RegisteredOperation {
-	/// The shared operation state that holds information about the
-	/// `waitingForContinue` event and cancellation.
-	shared_state: Arc<SharedOperationState>,
-	/// Receive notifications when the user calls `chainHead_continue` method.
-	recv_continue: tokio::sync::mpsc::Receiver<()>,
+	/// Stop handle for the operation.
+	stop_handle: StopHandle,
+	/// Track the operations ID of this subscription.
+	operations: SharedOperations,
 	/// The operation ID of the request.
 	operation_id: String,
-	/// Track the operations ID of this subscription.
-	operations: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, OperationState>>>,
 	/// Permit a number of items to be executed by this operation.
-	permit: PermitOperations,
+	_permit: PermitOperations,
 }
 
 impl RegisteredOperation {
-	/// Wait until the user calls `chainHead_continue` or the operation
-	/// is cancelled via `chainHead_stopOperation`.
-	pub async fn wait_for_continue(&mut self) {
-		self.shared_state
-			.requested_continue
-			.store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
-
-		// The sender part of this channel is around for as long as this object exists,
-		// because it is stored in the `OperationState` of the `operations` field.
-		// The sender part is removed from tracking when this object is dropped.
-		let _ = self.recv_continue.recv().await;
-
-		self.shared_state
-			.requested_continue
-			.store(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
-	}
-
-	/// Returns true if the current operation was stopped.
-	pub fn was_stopped(&self) -> bool {
-		self.shared_state.operation_stopped.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire)
+	/// Stop handle for the operation.
+	pub fn stop_handle(&self) -> &StopHandle {
+		&self.stop_handle
 	}
 
 	/// Get the operation ID.
 	pub fn operation_id(&self) -> String {
 		self.operation_id.clone()
 	}
-
-	/// Returns the number of reserved elements for this permit.
-	///
-	/// This can be smaller than the number of items requested via [`LimitOperations::reserve()`].
-	pub fn num_reserved(&self) -> usize {
-		self.permit.num_ops
-	}
 }
 
 impl Drop for RegisteredOperation {
 	fn drop(&mut self) {
-		let mut operations = self.operations.lock();
-		operations.remove(&self.operation_id);
+		self.operations.lock().remove(&self.operation_id);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -291,7 +227,7 @@ struct Operations {
 	/// Limit the number of ongoing operations.
 	limits: LimitOperations,
 	/// Track the operations ID of this subscription.
-	operations: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, OperationState>>>,
+	operations: SharedOperations,
 }
 
 impl Operations {
@@ -307,25 +243,25 @@ impl Operations {
 	/// Register a new operation.
 	pub fn register_operation(&mut self, to_reserve: usize) -> Option<RegisteredOperation> {
 		let permit = self.limits.reserve_at_most(to_reserve)?;
-
 		let operation_id = self.next_operation_id();
 
-		// At most one message can be sent.
-		let (send_continue, recv_continue) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1);
-		let shared_state = SharedOperationState::new();
-
-		let state = OperationState { send_continue, shared_state: shared_state.clone() };
-
-		// Cloned operations for removing the current ID on drop.
+		let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1);
+		let stop_handle = StopHandle(tx);
 		let operations = self.operations.clone();
-		operations.lock().insert(operation_id.clone(), state);
+		operations.lock().insert(operation_id.clone(), (rx, stop_handle.clone()));
 
-		Some(RegisteredOperation { shared_state, operation_id, recv_continue, operations, permit })
+		Some(RegisteredOperation { stop_handle, operation_id, operations, _permit: permit })
 	}
 
 	/// Get the associated operation state with the ID.
 	pub fn get_operation(&self, id: &str) -> Option<OperationState> {
-		self.operations.lock().get(id).map(|state| state.clone())
+		let stop = self.operations.lock().get(id).map(|(_, stop)| stop.clone())?;
+
+		Some(OperationState {
+			stop,
+			operations: self.operations.clone(),
+			operation_id: id.to_string(),
+		})
 	}
 
 	/// Generate the next operation ID for this subscription.
@@ -352,7 +288,7 @@ struct SubscriptionState<Block: BlockT> {
 	/// The sender of message responses to the `chainHead_follow` events.
 	///
 	/// This object is cloned between methods.
-	response_sender: TracingUnboundedSender<FollowEvent<Block::Hash>>,
+	response_sender: FollowEventSender<Block::Hash>,
 	/// The ongoing operations of a subscription.
 	operations: Operations,
 	/// Track the block hashes available for this subscription.
@@ -486,7 +422,7 @@ impl<Block: BlockT> SubscriptionState<Block> {
 pub struct BlockGuard<Block: BlockT, BE: Backend<Block>> {
 	hash: Block::Hash,
 	with_runtime: bool,
-	response_sender: TracingUnboundedSender<FollowEvent<Block::Hash>>,
+	response_sender: FollowEventSender<Block::Hash>,
 	operation: RegisteredOperation,
 	backend: Arc<BE>,
 }
@@ -504,7 +440,7 @@ impl<Block: BlockT, BE: Backend<Block>> BlockGuard<Block, BE> {
 	fn new(
 		hash: Block::Hash,
 		with_runtime: bool,
-		response_sender: TracingUnboundedSender<FollowEvent<Block::Hash>>,
+		response_sender: FollowEventSender<Block::Hash>,
 		operation: RegisteredOperation,
 		backend: Arc<BE>,
 	) -> Result<Self, SubscriptionManagementError> {
@@ -521,7 +457,7 @@ impl<Block: BlockT, BE: Backend<Block>> BlockGuard<Block, BE> {
 	}
 
 	/// Send message responses from the `chainHead` methods to `chainHead_follow`.
-	pub fn response_sender(&self) -> TracingUnboundedSender<FollowEvent<Block::Hash>> {
+	pub fn response_sender(&self) -> FollowEventSender<Block::Hash> {
 		self.response_sender.clone()
 	}
 
@@ -543,7 +479,7 @@ pub struct InsertedSubscriptionData<Block: BlockT> {
 	/// Signal that the subscription must stop.
 	pub rx_stop: oneshot::Receiver<()>,
 	/// Receive message responses from the `chainHead` methods.
-	pub response_receiver: TracingUnboundedReceiver<FollowEvent<Block::Hash>>,
+	pub response_receiver: FollowEventReceiver<Block::Hash>,
 }
 
 pub struct SubscriptionsInner<Block: BlockT, BE: Backend<Block>> {
@@ -594,7 +530,7 @@ impl<Block: BlockT, BE: Backend<Block>> SubscriptionsInner<Block, BE> {
 		if let Entry::Vacant(entry) = self.subs.entry(sub_id) {
 			let (tx_stop, rx_stop) = oneshot::channel();
 			let (response_sender, response_receiver) =
-				tracing_unbounded("chain-head-method-responses", QUEUE_SIZE_WARNING);
+				futures::channel::mpsc::channel(BUF_CAP_PER_SUBSCRIPTION);
 			let state = SubscriptionState::<Block> {
 				with_runtime,
 				tx_stop: Some(tx_stop),
@@ -972,8 +908,7 @@ mod tests {
 
 	#[test]
 	fn sub_state_register_twice() {
-		let (response_sender, _response_receiver) =
-			tracing_unbounded("test-chain-head-method-responses", QUEUE_SIZE_WARNING);
+		let (response_sender, _response_receiver) = futures::channel::mpsc::channel(1);
 		let mut sub_state = SubscriptionState::<Block> {
 			with_runtime: false,
 			tx_stop: None,
@@ -1001,8 +936,7 @@ mod tests {
 
 	#[test]
 	fn sub_state_register_unregister() {
-		let (response_sender, _response_receiver) =
-			tracing_unbounded("test-chain-head-method-responses", QUEUE_SIZE_WARNING);
+		let (response_sender, _response_receiver) = futures::channel::mpsc::channel(1);
 		let mut sub_state = SubscriptionState::<Block> {
 			with_runtime: false,
 			tx_stop: None,
@@ -1349,12 +1283,12 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// One operation is reserved.
 		let permit_one = ops.reserve_at_most(1).unwrap();
-		assert_eq!(permit_one.num_ops, 1);
+		assert_eq!(permit_one.num_permits(), 1);
 
 		// Request 2 operations, however there is capacity only for one.
 		let permit_two = ops.reserve_at_most(2).unwrap();
 		// Number of reserved permits is smaller than provided.
-		assert_eq!(permit_two.num_ops, 1);
+		assert_eq!(permit_two.num_permits(), 1);
 
 		// Try to reserve operations when there's no space.
 		let permit = ops.reserve_at_most(1);
@@ -1365,7 +1299,7 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// Can reserve again
 		let permit_three = ops.reserve_at_most(1).unwrap();
-		assert_eq!(permit_three.num_ops, 1);
+		assert_eq!(permit_three.num_permits(), 1);
 	}
 
 	#[test]
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/subscription/mod.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/subscription/mod.rs
index f266c9d8b34fc774e04a5825740204913851db82..84d1b8f8f9b71d17d7148ef867ce680064dc7067 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/subscription/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/subscription/mod.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ use self::inner::SubscriptionsInner;
 
 pub use self::inner::OperationState;
 pub use error::SubscriptionManagementError;
-pub use inner::{BlockGuard, InsertedSubscriptionData};
+pub use inner::{BlockGuard, InsertedSubscriptionData, StopHandle};
 
 /// Manage block pinning / unpinning for subscription IDs.
 pub struct SubscriptionManagement<Block: BlockT, BE: Backend<Block>> {
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/test_utils.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/test_utils.rs
index 073ee34a79f3f9ef260c49f95d77ad1b2cd953e5..fa10fde388f97a915881fd3f08010b8c91a012b6 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/test_utils.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/test_utils.rs
@@ -343,7 +343,8 @@ where
 	fn number(
 		&self,
 		hash: Block::Hash,
-	) -> sc_client_api::blockchain::Result<Option<<<Block as BlockT>::Header as HeaderT>::Number>> {
+	) -> sc_client_api::blockchain::Result<Option<<<Block as BlockT>::Header as HeaderT>::Number>>
+	{
 		self.client.number(hash)
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/tests.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/tests.rs
index 30a01b93b315120efbb0f88f623cce5eef55ae69..0c2486157bd033b829079afae86ca262f6742c67 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/chain_head/tests.rs
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ use jsonrpsee::{
 };
 use sc_block_builder::BlockBuilderBuilder;
 use sc_client_api::ChildInfo;
+use sc_rpc::testing::TokioTestExecutor;
 use sc_service::client::new_in_mem;
 use sp_blockchain::HeaderBackend;
 use sp_consensus::BlockOrigin;
 use sp_core::{
 	storage::well_known_keys::{self, CODE},
-	testing::TaskExecutor,
 	Blake2Hasher, Hasher,
 };
 use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ type Block = substrate_test_runtime_client::runtime::Block;
 const MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS: usize = 32;
 const MAX_PINNED_SECS: u64 = 60;
 const MAX_OPERATIONS: usize = 16;
-const MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT: usize = 5;
 const MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE: usize = 128;
 const MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION: usize = 4;
 
@@ -80,12 +79,11 @@ pub async fn run_server() -> std::net::SocketAddr {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client,
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: 1,
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 		},
@@ -142,12 +140,11 @@ async fn setup_api() -> (
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -250,13 +247,11 @@ async fn follow_subscription_produces_blocks() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -321,13 +316,11 @@ async fn follow_with_runtime() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -631,13 +624,11 @@ async fn call_runtime_without_flag() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -1292,13 +1283,11 @@ async fn separate_operation_ids_for_subscriptions() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -1380,13 +1369,11 @@ async fn follow_generates_initial_blocks() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -1538,13 +1525,11 @@ async fn follow_exceeding_pinned_blocks() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: 2,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -1617,13 +1602,11 @@ async fn follow_with_unpin() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: 2,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -1725,13 +1708,11 @@ async fn unpin_duplicate_hashes() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: 3,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -1830,13 +1811,11 @@ async fn follow_with_multiple_unpin_hashes() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -1977,13 +1956,11 @@ async fn follow_prune_best_block() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -2165,13 +2142,11 @@ async fn follow_forks_pruned_block() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -2327,13 +2302,11 @@ async fn follow_report_multiple_pruned_block() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -2566,7 +2539,7 @@ async fn pin_block_references() {
 			genesis_block_builder,
 			None,
 			None,
-			Box::new(TaskExecutor::new()),
+			Box::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 			client_config,
 		)
 		.unwrap(),
@@ -2575,13 +2548,11 @@ async fn pin_block_references() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend.clone(),
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: 3,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -2712,13 +2683,11 @@ async fn follow_finalized_before_new_block() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client_mock.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -2829,13 +2798,11 @@ async fn ensure_operation_limits_works() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: 1,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -2887,7 +2854,7 @@ async fn ensure_operation_limits_works() {
 	let operation_id = match response {
 		MethodResponse::Started(started) => {
 			// Check discarded items.
-			assert_eq!(started.discarded_items.unwrap(), 3);
+			assert!(started.discarded_items.is_none());
 			started.operation_id
 		},
 		MethodResponse::LimitReached => panic!("Expected started response"),
@@ -2922,7 +2889,7 @@ async fn ensure_operation_limits_works() {
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
-async fn check_continue_operation() {
+async fn storage_is_backpressured() {
 	let child_info = ChildInfo::new_default(CHILD_STORAGE_KEY);
 	let builder = TestClientBuilder::new().add_extra_child_storage(
 		&child_info,
@@ -2936,13 +2903,11 @@ async fn check_continue_operation() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: 1,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -3021,18 +2986,6 @@ async fn check_continue_operation() {
 			res.items[0].result == StorageResultType::Value(hex_string(b"a"))
 	);
 
-	// Pagination event.
-	assert_matches!(
-		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
-		FollowEvent::OperationWaitingForContinue(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id
-	);
-
-	does_not_produce_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(
-		&mut sub,
-		std::time::Duration::from_secs(DOES_NOT_PRODUCE_EVENTS_SECONDS),
-	)
-	.await;
-	let _res: () = api.call("chainHead_v1_continue", [&sub_id, &operation_id]).await.unwrap();
 	assert_matches!(
 		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
 		FollowEvent::OperationStorageItems(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id &&
@@ -3041,17 +2994,6 @@ async fn check_continue_operation() {
 			res.items[0].result == StorageResultType::Value(hex_string(b"ab"))
 	);
 
-	// Pagination event.
-	assert_matches!(
-		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
-		FollowEvent::OperationWaitingForContinue(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id
-	);
-	does_not_produce_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(
-		&mut sub,
-		std::time::Duration::from_secs(DOES_NOT_PRODUCE_EVENTS_SECONDS),
-	)
-	.await;
-	let _res: () = api.call("chainHead_v1_continue", [&sub_id, &operation_id]).await.unwrap();
 	assert_matches!(
 		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
 		FollowEvent::OperationStorageItems(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id &&
@@ -3060,18 +3002,6 @@ async fn check_continue_operation() {
 			res.items[0].result == StorageResultType::Value(hex_string(b"abcmoD"))
 	);
 
-	// Pagination event.
-	assert_matches!(
-		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
-		FollowEvent::OperationWaitingForContinue(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id
-	);
-
-	does_not_produce_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(
-		&mut sub,
-		std::time::Duration::from_secs(DOES_NOT_PRODUCE_EVENTS_SECONDS),
-	)
-	.await;
-	let _res: () = api.call("chainHead_v1_continue", [&sub_id, &operation_id]).await.unwrap();
 	assert_matches!(
 		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
 		FollowEvent::OperationStorageItems(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id &&
@@ -3080,17 +3010,6 @@ async fn check_continue_operation() {
 			res.items[0].result == StorageResultType::Value(hex_string(b"abc"))
 	);
 
-	// Pagination event.
-	assert_matches!(
-		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
-		FollowEvent::OperationWaitingForContinue(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id
-	);
-	does_not_produce_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(
-		&mut sub,
-		std::time::Duration::from_secs(DOES_NOT_PRODUCE_EVENTS_SECONDS),
-	)
-	.await;
-	let _res: () = api.call("chainHead_v1_continue", [&sub_id, &operation_id]).await.unwrap();
 	assert_matches!(
 		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
 		FollowEvent::OperationStorageItems(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id &&
@@ -3121,13 +3040,11 @@ async fn stop_storage_operation() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: 1,
-
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -3203,15 +3120,22 @@ async fn stop_storage_operation() {
 			res.items[0].result == StorageResultType::Value(hex_string(b"a"))
 	);
 
-	// Pagination event.
 	assert_matches!(
 		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
-		FollowEvent::OperationWaitingForContinue(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id
+		FollowEvent::OperationStorageItems(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id &&
+			res.items.len() == 1 &&
+			res.items[0].key == hex_string(b":mo") &&
+			res.items[0].result == StorageResultType::Value(hex_string(b"ab"))
 	);
 
 	// Stop the operation.
 	let _res: () = api.call("chainHead_v1_stopOperation", [&sub_id, &operation_id]).await.unwrap();
 
+	assert_matches!(
+		get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
+		FollowEvent::OperationStorageDone(done) if done.operation_id == operation_id
+	);
+
 	does_not_produce_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(
 		&mut sub,
 		std::time::Duration::from_secs(DOES_NOT_PRODUCE_EVENTS_SECONDS),
@@ -3289,30 +3213,23 @@ async fn storage_closest_merkle_value() {
 			MethodResponse::LimitReached => panic!("Expected started response"),
 		};
 
-		let event = get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await;
-		let merkle_values: HashMap<_, _> = match event {
-			FollowEvent::OperationStorageItems(res) => {
-				assert_eq!(res.operation_id, operation_id);
+		let mut merkle_values = HashMap::new();
 
-				res.items
-					.into_iter()
-					.map(|res| {
+		loop {
+			match get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await {
+				FollowEvent::OperationStorageItems(res) if res.operation_id == operation_id =>
+					for res in res.items {
 						let value = match res.result {
 							StorageResultType::ClosestDescendantMerkleValue(value) => value,
 							_ => panic!("Unexpected StorageResultType"),
 						};
-						(res.key, value)
-					})
-					.collect()
-			},
-			_ => panic!("Expected OperationStorageItems event"),
-		};
-
-		// Finished.
-		assert_matches!(
-				get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await,
-				FollowEvent::OperationStorageDone(done) if done.operation_id == operation_id
-		);
+						merkle_values.insert(res.key, value);
+					},
+				FollowEvent::OperationStorageDone(done) if done.operation_id == operation_id =>
+					break,
+				_ => panic!("Unexpected event"),
+			}
+		}
 
 		// Response for AAAA, AAAB, A and AA.
 		assert_eq!(merkle_values.len(), 4);
@@ -3420,12 +3337,11 @@ async fn chain_head_stop_all_subscriptions() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
 			max_lagging_distance: 5,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -3634,12 +3550,11 @@ async fn chain_head_limit_reached() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: 1,
 		},
@@ -3675,12 +3590,11 @@ async fn follow_unique_pruned_blocks() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 		},
@@ -3845,12 +3759,11 @@ async fn follow_report_best_block_of_a_known_block() {
 	let api = ChainHead::new(
 		client_mock.clone(),
 		backend,
-		Arc::new(TaskExecutor::default()),
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
 		ChainHeadConfig {
 			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
 			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
 			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
-			operation_max_storage_items: MAX_PAGINATION_LIMIT,
 			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
 			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
 		},
@@ -4052,3 +3965,71 @@ async fn follow_report_best_block_of_a_known_block() {
 	});
 	assert_eq!(event, expected);
 }
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn follow_event_with_unknown_parent() {
+	let builder = TestClientBuilder::new();
+	let backend = builder.backend();
+	let client = Arc::new(builder.build());
+
+	let client_mock = Arc::new(ChainHeadMockClient::new(client.clone()));
+
+	let api = ChainHead::new(
+		client_mock.clone(),
+		backend,
+		Arc::new(TokioTestExecutor::default()),
+		ChainHeadConfig {
+			global_max_pinned_blocks: MAX_PINNED_BLOCKS,
+			subscription_max_pinned_duration: Duration::from_secs(MAX_PINNED_SECS),
+			subscription_max_ongoing_operations: MAX_OPERATIONS,
+			max_follow_subscriptions_per_connection: MAX_FOLLOW_SUBSCRIPTIONS_PER_CONNECTION,
+			max_lagging_distance: MAX_LAGGING_DISTANCE,
+		},
+	)
+	.into_rpc();
+
+	let finalized_hash = client.info().finalized_hash;
+	let mut sub = api.subscribe_unbounded("chainHead_v1_follow", [false]).await.unwrap();
+	// Initialized must always be reported first.
+	let event: FollowEvent<String> = get_next_event(&mut sub).await;
+	let expected = FollowEvent::Initialized(Initialized {
+		finalized_block_hashes: vec![format!("{:?}", finalized_hash)],
+		finalized_block_runtime: None,
+		with_runtime: false,
+	});
+	assert_eq!(event, expected);
+
+	// Block tree:
+	//
+	// finalized -> (gap: block 1) -> block 2
+	//
+	// Block 1 is not announced yet. ChainHead should report the stop
+	// event when encountering an unknown parent of block 2.
+
+	// Note: `client` is used just for constructing the blocks.
+	// The blocks are imported to chainHead using the `client_mock`.
+	let block_1 = BlockBuilderBuilder::new(&*client)
+		.on_parent_block(client.chain_info().genesis_hash)
+		.with_parent_block_number(0)
+		.build()
+		.unwrap()
+		.build()
+		.unwrap()
+		.block;
+	let block_1_hash = block_1.hash();
+	client.import(BlockOrigin::Own, block_1.clone()).await.unwrap();
+
+	let block_2 = BlockBuilderBuilder::new(&*client)
+		.on_parent_block(block_1_hash)
+		.with_parent_block_number(1)
+		.build()
+		.unwrap()
+		.build()
+		.unwrap()
+		.block;
+	client.import(BlockOrigin::Own, block_2.clone()).await.unwrap();
+
+	run_with_timeout(client_mock.trigger_import_stream(block_2.header)).await;
+	// When importing the block 2, chainHead detects a gap in our blocks and stops.
+	assert_matches!(get_next_event::<FollowEvent<String>>(&mut sub).await, FollowEvent::Stop);
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/common/storage.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/common/storage.rs
index bd249e033f8f9d27cdcab2e19a41a3323d560b50..2e24a8da8ca8451e93b91d0aa1e220a1829df7e4 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/common/storage.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/common/storage.rs
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ use std::{marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc};
 
 use sc_client_api::{Backend, ChildInfo, StorageKey, StorageProvider};
 use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
+use tokio::sync::mpsc;
 
 use super::events::{StorageResult, StorageResultType};
 use crate::hex_string;
@@ -33,6 +34,12 @@ pub struct Storage<Client, Block, BE> {
 	_phandom: PhantomData<(BE, Block)>,
 }
 
+impl<Client, Block, BE> Clone for Storage<Client, Block, BE> {
+	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+		Self { client: self.client.clone(), _phandom: PhantomData }
+	}
+}
+
 impl<Client, Block, BE> Storage<Client, Block, BE> {
 	/// Constructs a new [`Storage`].
 	pub fn new(client: Arc<Client>) -> Self {
@@ -41,6 +48,7 @@ impl<Client, Block, BE> Storage<Client, Block, BE> {
 }
 
 /// Query to iterate over storage.
+#[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct QueryIter {
 	/// The key from which the iteration was started.
 	pub query_key: StorageKey,
@@ -51,6 +59,7 @@ pub struct QueryIter {
 }
 
 /// The query type of an iteration.
+#[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum IterQueryType {
 	/// Iterating over (key, value) pairs.
 	Value,
@@ -123,7 +132,7 @@ where
 		key: &StorageKey,
 		child_key: Option<&ChildInfo>,
 	) -> QueryResult {
-		let result = if let Some(child_key) = child_key {
+		let result = if let Some(ref child_key) = child_key {
 			self.client.child_closest_merkle_value(hash, child_key, key)
 		} else {
 			self.client.closest_merkle_value(hash, key)
@@ -146,6 +155,50 @@ where
 			.unwrap_or_else(|error| QueryResult::Err(error.to_string()))
 	}
 
+	/// Iterate over the storage keys and send the results to the provided sender.
+	///
+	/// Because this relies on a bounded channel, it will pause the storage iteration
+	// if the channel is becomes full which in turn provides backpressure.
+	pub fn query_iter_pagination_with_producer(
+		&self,
+		query: QueryIter,
+		hash: Block::Hash,
+		child_key: Option<&ChildInfo>,
+		tx: &mpsc::Sender<QueryResult>,
+	) {
+		let QueryIter { ty, query_key, pagination_start_key } = query;
+
+		let maybe_storage = if let Some(child_key) = child_key {
+			self.client.child_storage_keys(
+				hash,
+				child_key.to_owned(),
+				Some(&query_key),
+				pagination_start_key.as_ref(),
+			)
+		} else {
+			self.client.storage_keys(hash, Some(&query_key), pagination_start_key.as_ref())
+		};
+
+		let keys_iter = match maybe_storage {
+			Ok(keys_iter) => keys_iter,
+			Err(error) => {
+				_ = tx.blocking_send(Err(error.to_string()));
+				return;
+			},
+		};
+
+		for key in keys_iter {
+			let result = match ty {
+				IterQueryType::Value => self.query_value(hash, &key, child_key),
+				IterQueryType::Hash => self.query_hash(hash, &key, child_key),
+			};
+
+			if tx.blocking_send(result).is_err() {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	/// Iterate over at most the provided number of keys.
 	///
 	/// Returns the storage result with a potential next key to resume iteration.
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/transaction/tests/middleware_pool.rs b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/transaction/tests/middleware_pool.rs
index aa8ac572dec9d8d6de9212fcb94c97ce2b804da4..adcc987f9c39cb329aa61971de86df5538ee2b1c 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/transaction/tests/middleware_pool.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc-spec-v2/src/transaction/tests/middleware_pool.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use sc_transaction_pool_api::{
 use crate::hex_string;
 use futures::{FutureExt, StreamExt};
 
-use sp_runtime::traits::{Block as BlockT, NumberFor};
+use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
 use substrate_test_runtime_transaction_pool::TestApi;
 use tokio::sync::mpsc;
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ impl TransactionPool for MiddlewarePool {
 
 	fn ready_at(
 		&self,
-		at: NumberFor<Self::Block>,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
 	) -> Pin<
 		Box<
 			dyn Future<
@@ -184,4 +184,19 @@ impl TransactionPool for MiddlewarePool {
 	fn futures(&self) -> Vec<Self::InPoolTransaction> {
 		self.inner_pool.futures()
 	}
+
+	fn ready_at_with_timeout(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		_timeout: std::time::Duration,
+	) -> Pin<
+		Box<
+			dyn Future<
+					Output = Box<dyn ReadyTransactions<Item = Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> + Send>,
+				> + Send
+				+ '_,
+		>,
+	> {
+		self.inner_pool.ready_at(at)
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/rpc/src/author/tests.rs b/substrate/client/rpc/src/author/tests.rs
index bde60960eaf45a416195a8558bf759ed59cd3f2f..ab0b8bdab69919275d044566ba069e1a9aec8ac6 100644
--- a/substrate/client/rpc/src/author/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/rpc/src/author/tests.rs
@@ -66,8 +66,13 @@ impl Default for TestSetup {
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::TestClientBuilder::new().build());
 
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let pool =
-			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());
+		let pool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
+			Default::default(),
+			true.into(),
+			None,
+			spawner,
+			client.clone(),
+		));
 		TestSetup { client, keystore, pool }
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/service/src/config.rs b/substrate/client/service/src/config.rs
index 6f65c2e2d81b12172637a240d38f9da4d7f00b48..fb9e9264dfe76e6668c5fa7e13bfb0eaab49a62f 100644
--- a/substrate/client/service/src/config.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/service/src/config.rs
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ pub use sc_rpc_server::{
 	IpNetwork, RpcEndpoint, RpcMethods, SubscriptionIdProvider as RpcSubscriptionIdProvider,
 };
 pub use sc_telemetry::TelemetryEndpoints;
-pub use sc_transaction_pool::Options as TransactionPoolOptions;
+pub use sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolOptions;
 use sp_core::crypto::SecretString;
 use std::{
 	io, iter,
diff --git a/substrate/client/service/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/service/src/lib.rs
index b6acdb8ed002a848cb62ec872cae1786c4434ed1..54e847791cff174c4c71298d29b27dda1860f475 100644
--- a/substrate/client/service/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/service/src/lib.rs
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ pub use sc_network_sync::WarpSyncConfig;
 pub use sc_network_transactions::config::{TransactionImport, TransactionImportFuture};
 pub use sc_rpc::{RandomIntegerSubscriptionId, RandomStringSubscriptionId};
 pub use sc_tracing::TracingReceiver;
-pub use sc_transaction_pool::Options as TransactionPoolOptions;
+pub use sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolOptions;
 pub use sc_transaction_pool_api::{error::IntoPoolError, InPoolTransaction, TransactionPool};
 #[doc(hidden)]
 pub use std::{ops::Deref, result::Result, sync::Arc};
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ where
 		.filter(|t| t.is_propagable())
 		.map(|t| {
 			let hash = t.hash().clone();
-			let ex: B::Extrinsic = t.data().clone();
+			let ex: B::Extrinsic = (**t.data()).clone();
 			(hash, ex)
 		})
 		.collect()
@@ -523,6 +523,7 @@ where
 			},
 		};
 
+		let start = std::time::Instant::now();
 		let import_future = self.pool.submit_one(
 			self.client.info().best_hash,
 			sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionSource::External,
@@ -530,16 +531,16 @@ where
 		);
 		Box::pin(async move {
 			match import_future.await {
-				Ok(_) => TransactionImport::NewGood,
+				Ok(_) => {
+					let elapsed = start.elapsed();
+					debug!(target: sc_transaction_pool::LOG_TARGET, "import transaction: {elapsed:?}");
+					TransactionImport::NewGood
+				},
 				Err(e) => match e.into_pool_error() {
 					Ok(sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::AlreadyImported(_)) =>
 						TransactionImport::KnownGood,
-					Ok(e) => {
-						debug!("Error adding transaction to the pool: {:?}", e);
-						TransactionImport::Bad
-					},
-					Err(e) => {
-						debug!("Error converting pool error: {}", e);
+					Ok(_) => TransactionImport::Bad,
+					Err(_) => {
 						// it is not bad at least, just some internal node logic error, so peer is
 						// innocent.
 						TransactionImport::KnownGood
@@ -556,7 +557,7 @@ where
 	fn transaction(&self, hash: &H) -> Option<B::Extrinsic> {
 		self.pool.ready_transaction(hash).and_then(
 			// Only propagable transactions should be resolved for network service.
-			|tx| if tx.is_propagable() { Some(tx.data().clone()) } else { None },
+			|tx| if tx.is_propagable() { Some((**tx.data()).clone()) } else { None },
 		)
 	}
 }
@@ -578,8 +579,13 @@ mod tests {
 		let (client, longest_chain) = TestClientBuilder::new().build_with_longest_chain();
 		let client = Arc::new(client);
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let pool =
-			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());
+		let pool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
+			Default::default(),
+			true.into(),
+			None,
+			spawner,
+			client.clone(),
+		));
 		let source = sp_runtime::transaction_validity::TransactionSource::External;
 		let best = block_on(longest_chain.best_chain()).unwrap();
 		let transaction = Transfer {
diff --git a/substrate/client/service/test/src/client/mod.rs b/substrate/client/service/test/src/client/mod.rs
index 13e63962fe8fecba1f571e149f6d52cdf749965b..55bbfcdd8594800d6ab2d0cbdf9e6a3842b155b1 100644
--- a/substrate/client/service/test/src/client/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/service/test/src/client/mod.rs
@@ -1748,11 +1748,9 @@ fn respects_block_rules() {
 }
 
 #[test]
-#[cfg(disable_flaky)]
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-// FIXME: https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/issues/11321
+// FIXME: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/48
 fn returns_status_for_pruned_blocks() {
-	use sc_consensus::BlockStatus;
+	use sp_consensus::BlockStatus;
 	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
 	let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/tracing/Cargo.toml b/substrate/client/tracing/Cargo.toml
index 09571610a3a60a8bc0e01bac83b1d9c4ee0e7d03..b8f5e40caf83b5c04d5823bb9ecefa0aa9b10bee 100644
--- a/substrate/client/tracing/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/client/tracing/Cargo.toml
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ console = { workspace = true }
 is-terminal = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true }
 codec = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 libc = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -29,7 +28,10 @@ serde = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 tracing-log = { workspace = true }
-tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true, features = ["env-filter", "parking_lot"] }
+tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true, features = [
+	"env-filter",
+	"parking_lot",
+] }
 sc-client-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-tracing-proc-macro = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/Cargo.toml b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/Cargo.toml
index 98994cc742ffe980883ebe094dc53d8e9a5adf12..d346add93a64df7809df8e6a3ae549da49788b0c 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/Cargo.toml
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ async-trait = { workspace = true }
 codec = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
 futures-timer = { workspace = true }
+indexmap = { workspace = true }
+itertools = { workspace = true }
 linked-hash-map = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -36,6 +38,8 @@ sp-crypto-hashing = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-runtime = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-tracing = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-transaction-pool = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+tokio-stream = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, default-features = true, features = ["macros", "time"] }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 array-bytes = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/api/src/error.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/api/src/error.rs
index d0744bfa3e192bcd5e6795ee96540c503c8ebec5..e81955ebe54c3c0b2ce8279a3a236cc3ba2db435 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/api/src/error.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/api/src/error.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub enum Error {
 	/// The transaction validity returned no "provides" tag.
 	///
 	/// Such transactions are not accepted to the pool, since we use those tags
-	/// to define identity of transactions (occupance of the same "slot").
+	/// to define identity of transactions (occupancy of the same "slot").
 	#[error("Transaction does not provide any tags, so the pool can't identify it")]
 	NoTagsProvided,
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/api/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/api/src/lib.rs
index 0a313c5b782d90f9dab5e3de326160c37cc8a45d..3ac1a79a0c2867e3f4473af0a042e9f59c278b68 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/api/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/api/src/lib.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use codec::Codec;
 use futures::{Future, Stream};
 use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Deserialize, Serialize};
 use sp_core::offchain::TransactionPoolExt;
-use sp_runtime::traits::{Block as BlockT, Member, NumberFor};
+use sp_runtime::traits::{Block as BlockT, Member};
 use std::{collections::HashMap, hash::Hash, marker::PhantomData, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
 
 const LOG_TARGET: &str = "txpool::api";
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ pub use sp_runtime::transaction_validity::{
 };
 
 /// Transaction pool status.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct PoolStatus {
 	/// Number of transactions in the ready queue.
 	pub ready: usize,
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ pub struct PoolStatus {
 }
 
 impl PoolStatus {
-	/// Returns true if the are no transactions in the pool.
+	/// Returns true if there are no transactions in the pool.
 	pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
 		self.ready == 0 && self.future == 0
 	}
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ impl PoolStatus {
 
 /// Possible transaction status events.
 ///
-/// This events are being emitted by `TransactionPool` watchers,
+/// These events are being emitted by `TransactionPool` watchers,
 /// which are also exposed over RPC.
 ///
 /// The status events can be grouped based on their kinds as:
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ pub enum TransactionStatus<Hash, BlockHash> {
 	/// Maximum number of finality watchers has been reached,
 	/// old watchers are being removed.
 	FinalityTimeout(BlockHash),
-	/// Transaction has been finalized by a finality-gadget, e.g GRANDPA.
+	/// Transaction has been finalized by a finality-gadget, e.g. GRANDPA.
 	#[serde(with = "v1_compatible")]
 	Finalized((BlockHash, TxIndex)),
 	/// Transaction has been replaced in the pool, by another transaction
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ pub trait TransactionPool: Send + Sync {
 	type Hash: Hash + Eq + Member + Serialize + DeserializeOwned + Codec;
 	/// In-pool transaction type.
 	type InPoolTransaction: InPoolTransaction<
-		Transaction = TransactionFor<Self>,
+		Transaction = Arc<TransactionFor<Self>>,
 		Hash = TxHash<Self>,
 	>;
 	/// Error type.
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ pub trait TransactionPool: Send + Sync {
 		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
 	) -> PoolFuture<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error>;
 
-	/// Returns a future that import a single transaction and starts to watch their progress in the
+	/// Returns a future that imports a single transaction and starts to watch their progress in the
 	/// pool.
 	fn submit_and_watch(
 		&self,
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ pub trait TransactionPool: Send + Sync {
 	/// Guarantees to return immediately when `None` is passed.
 	fn ready_at(
 		&self,
-		at: NumberFor<Self::Block>,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
 	) -> Pin<
 		Box<
 			dyn Future<
@@ -321,6 +321,23 @@ pub trait TransactionPool: Send + Sync {
 
 	/// Return specific ready transaction by hash, if there is one.
 	fn ready_transaction(&self, hash: &TxHash<Self>) -> Option<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>>;
+
+	/// Returns set of ready transaction at given block within given timeout.
+	///
+	/// If the timeout is hit during method execution then the best effort set of ready transactions
+	/// for given block, without executing full maintain process is returned.
+	fn ready_at_with_timeout(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		timeout: std::time::Duration,
+	) -> Pin<
+		Box<
+			dyn Future<
+					Output = Box<dyn ReadyTransactions<Item = Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> + Send>,
+				> + Send
+				+ '_,
+		>,
+	>;
 }
 
 /// An iterator of ready transactions.
@@ -345,6 +362,7 @@ impl<T> ReadyTransactions for std::iter::Empty<T> {
 }
 
 /// Events that the transaction pool listens for.
+#[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum ChainEvent<B: BlockT> {
 	/// New best block have been added to the chain.
 	NewBestBlock {
@@ -441,7 +459,7 @@ impl<TPool: LocalTransactionPool> OffchainSubmitTransaction<TPool::Block> for TP
 		at: <TPool::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
 		extrinsic: <TPool::Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic,
 	) -> Result<(), ()> {
-		log::debug!(
+		log::trace!(
 			target: LOG_TARGET,
 			"(offchain call) Submitting a transaction to the pool: {:?}",
 			extrinsic
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/benches/basics.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/benches/basics.rs
index 65c83f090535e9b57d843ee367c562ef15008f1a..2db34bc3f32f48a741cd6bb9b7edbe23093e07ef 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/benches/basics.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/benches/basics.rs
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ use futures::{
 	future::{ready, Ready},
 };
 use sc_transaction_pool::*;
+use sp_blockchain::HashAndNumber;
 use sp_crypto_hashing::blake2_256;
 use sp_runtime::{
 	generic::BlockId,
@@ -64,8 +65,9 @@ impl ChainApi for TestApi {
 		&self,
 		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
 		_source: TransactionSource,
-		uxt: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic,
+		uxt: Arc<<Self::Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic>,
 	) -> Self::ValidationFuture {
+		let uxt = (*uxt).clone();
 		let transfer = TransferData::try_from(&uxt)
 			.expect("uxt is expected to be bench_call (carrying TransferData)");
 		let nonce = transfer.nonce;
@@ -144,6 +146,10 @@ fn bench_configured(pool: Pool<TestApi>, number: u64, api: Arc<TestApi>) {
 	let source = TransactionSource::External;
 	let mut futures = Vec::new();
 	let mut tags = Vec::new();
+	let at = HashAndNumber {
+		hash: api.block_id_to_hash(&BlockId::Number(1)).unwrap().unwrap(),
+		number: 1,
+	};
 
 	for nonce in 1..=number {
 		let xt = uxt(TransferData {
@@ -151,15 +157,12 @@ fn bench_configured(pool: Pool<TestApi>, number: u64, api: Arc<TestApi>) {
 			to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
 			amount: 5,
 			nonce,
-		});
+		})
+		.into();
 
 		tags.push(to_tag(nonce, AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(1))));
 
-		futures.push(pool.submit_one(
-			api.block_id_to_hash(&BlockId::Number(1)).unwrap().unwrap(),
-			source,
-			xt,
-		));
+		futures.push(pool.submit_one(&at, source, xt));
 	}
 
 	let res = block_on(futures::future::join_all(futures.into_iter()));
@@ -170,12 +173,11 @@ fn bench_configured(pool: Pool<TestApi>, number: u64, api: Arc<TestApi>) {
 
 	// Prune all transactions.
 	let block_num = 6;
-	block_on(pool.prune_tags(
-		api.block_id_to_hash(&BlockId::Number(block_num)).unwrap().unwrap(),
-		tags,
-		vec![],
-	))
-	.expect("Prune failed");
+	let at = HashAndNumber {
+		hash: api.block_id_to_hash(&BlockId::Number(block_num)).unwrap().unwrap(),
+		number: block_num,
+	};
+	block_on(pool.prune_tags(&at, tags, vec![]));
 
 	// pool is empty
 	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 0);
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/builder.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/builder.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e1fddcdd89524bfc903fe115c8108ee118b0536e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/builder.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Utility for building substrate transaction pool trait object.
+
+use crate::{
+	common::api::FullChainApi,
+	fork_aware_txpool::ForkAwareTxPool as ForkAwareFullPool,
+	graph::{base_pool::Transaction, ChainApi, ExtrinsicFor, ExtrinsicHash, IsValidator, Options},
+	single_state_txpool::BasicPool as SingleStateFullPool,
+	TransactionPoolWrapper, LOG_TARGET,
+};
+use prometheus_endpoint::Registry as PrometheusRegistry;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{LocalTransactionPool, MaintainedTransactionPool};
+use sp_core::traits::SpawnEssentialNamed;
+use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
+use std::{marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
+
+/// The type of transaction pool.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum TransactionPoolType {
+	/// Single-state transaction pool
+	SingleState,
+	/// Fork-aware transaction pool
+	ForkAware,
+}
+
+/// Transaction pool options.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct TransactionPoolOptions {
+	txpool_type: TransactionPoolType,
+	options: Options,
+}
+
+impl Default for TransactionPoolOptions {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self { txpool_type: TransactionPoolType::SingleState, options: Default::default() }
+	}
+}
+
+impl TransactionPoolOptions {
+	/// Creates the options for the transaction pool using given parameters.
+	pub fn new_with_params(
+		pool_limit: usize,
+		pool_bytes: usize,
+		tx_ban_seconds: Option<u64>,
+		txpool_type: TransactionPoolType,
+		is_dev: bool,
+	) -> TransactionPoolOptions {
+		let mut options = Options::default();
+
+		// ready queue
+		options.ready.count = pool_limit;
+		options.ready.total_bytes = pool_bytes;
+
+		// future queue
+		let factor = 10;
+		options.future.count = pool_limit / factor;
+		options.future.total_bytes = pool_bytes / factor;
+
+		options.ban_time = if let Some(ban_seconds) = tx_ban_seconds {
+			Duration::from_secs(ban_seconds)
+		} else if is_dev {
+			Duration::from_secs(0)
+		} else {
+			Duration::from_secs(30 * 60)
+		};
+
+		TransactionPoolOptions { options, txpool_type }
+	}
+
+	/// Creates predefined options for benchmarking
+	pub fn new_for_benchmarks() -> TransactionPoolOptions {
+		TransactionPoolOptions {
+			options: Options {
+				ready: crate::graph::base_pool::Limit {
+					count: 100_000,
+					total_bytes: 100 * 1024 * 1024,
+				},
+				future: crate::graph::base_pool::Limit {
+					count: 100_000,
+					total_bytes: 100 * 1024 * 1024,
+				},
+				reject_future_transactions: false,
+				ban_time: Duration::from_secs(30 * 60),
+			},
+			txpool_type: TransactionPoolType::SingleState,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// `FullClientTransactionPool` is a trait that combines the functionality of
+/// `MaintainedTransactionPool` and `LocalTransactionPool` for a given `Client` and `Block`.
+///
+/// This trait defines the requirements for a full client transaction pool, ensuring
+/// that it can handle transactions submission and maintenance.
+pub trait FullClientTransactionPool<Block, Client>:
+	MaintainedTransactionPool<
+		Block = Block,
+		Hash = ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+		InPoolTransaction = Transaction<
+			ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+			ExtrinsicFor<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+		>,
+		Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as ChainApi>::Error,
+	> + LocalTransactionPool<
+		Block = Block,
+		Hash = ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+		Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as ChainApi>::Error,
+	>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+{
+}
+
+impl<Block, Client, P> FullClientTransactionPool<Block, Client> for P
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+	P: MaintainedTransactionPool<
+			Block = Block,
+			Hash = ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+			InPoolTransaction = Transaction<
+				ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+				ExtrinsicFor<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+			>,
+			Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as ChainApi>::Error,
+		> + LocalTransactionPool<
+			Block = Block,
+			Hash = ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+			Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as ChainApi>::Error,
+		>,
+{
+}
+
+/// The public type alias for the actual type providing the implementation of
+/// `FullClientTransactionPool` with the given `Client` and `Block` types.
+///
+/// This handle abstracts away the specific type of the transaction pool. Should be used
+/// externally to keep reference to transaction pool.
+pub type TransactionPoolHandle<Block, Client> = TransactionPoolWrapper<Block, Client>;
+
+/// Builder allowing to create specific instance of transaction pool.
+pub struct Builder<'a, Block, Client> {
+	options: TransactionPoolOptions,
+	is_validator: IsValidator,
+	prometheus: Option<&'a PrometheusRegistry>,
+	client: Arc<Client>,
+	spawner: Box<dyn SpawnEssentialNamed>,
+	_phantom: PhantomData<(Client, Block)>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, Client, Block> Builder<'a, Block, Client>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::ExecutorProvider<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::UsageProvider<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ Send
+		+ Sync
+		+ 'static,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: std::marker::Unpin,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+{
+	/// Creates new instance of `Builder`
+	pub fn new(
+		spawner: impl SpawnEssentialNamed + 'static,
+		client: Arc<Client>,
+		is_validator: IsValidator,
+	) -> Builder<'a, Block, Client> {
+		Builder {
+			options: Default::default(),
+			_phantom: Default::default(),
+			spawner: Box::new(spawner),
+			client,
+			is_validator,
+			prometheus: None,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Sets the options used for creating a transaction pool instance.
+	pub fn with_options(mut self, options: TransactionPoolOptions) -> Self {
+		self.options = options;
+		self
+	}
+
+	/// Sets the prometheus endpoint used in a transaction pool instance.
+	pub fn with_prometheus(mut self, prometheus: Option<&'a PrometheusRegistry>) -> Self {
+		self.prometheus = prometheus;
+		self
+	}
+
+	/// Creates an instance of transaction pool.
+	pub fn build(self) -> TransactionPoolHandle<Block, Client> {
+		log::info!(target:LOG_TARGET, " creating {:?} txpool {:?}/{:?}.", self.options.txpool_type, self.options.options.ready, self.options.options.future);
+		TransactionPoolWrapper::<Block, Client>(match self.options.txpool_type {
+			TransactionPoolType::SingleState => Box::new(SingleStateFullPool::new_full(
+				self.options.options,
+				self.is_validator,
+				self.prometheus,
+				self.spawner,
+				self.client,
+			)),
+			TransactionPoolType::ForkAware => Box::new(ForkAwareFullPool::new_full(
+				self.options.options,
+				self.is_validator,
+				self.prometheus,
+				self.spawner,
+				self.client,
+			)),
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/api.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/api.rs
similarity index 87%
rename from substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/api.rs
rename to substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/api.rs
index cccaad7c89949cb82e7f7576edf11dc48baab41c..a5185ba606ef4d6b603a7b5da0cd574bd2b29010 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/api.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/api.rs
@@ -40,18 +40,18 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 };
 use sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue;
 
-use crate::{
+use super::{
 	error::{self, Error},
-	graph,
 	metrics::{ApiMetrics, ApiMetricsExt},
 };
+use crate::graph;
 
 /// The transaction pool logic for full client.
 pub struct FullChainApi<Client, Block> {
 	client: Arc<Client>,
 	_marker: PhantomData<Block>,
 	metrics: Option<Arc<ApiMetrics>>,
-	validation_pool: Arc<Mutex<mpsc::Sender<Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>>>,
+	validation_pool: mpsc::Sender<Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>>,
 }
 
 /// Spawn a validation task that will be used by the transaction pool to validate transactions.
@@ -101,12 +101,7 @@ impl<Client, Block> FullChainApi<Client, Block> {
 		spawn_validation_pool_task("transaction-pool-task-0", receiver.clone(), spawner);
 		spawn_validation_pool_task("transaction-pool-task-1", receiver, spawner);
 
-		FullChainApi {
-			client,
-			validation_pool: Arc::new(Mutex::new(sender)),
-			_marker: Default::default(),
-			metrics,
-		}
+		FullChainApi { client, validation_pool: sender, _marker: Default::default(), metrics }
 	}
 }
 
@@ -139,25 +134,25 @@ where
 	) -> Self::ValidationFuture {
 		let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
 		let client = self.client.clone();
-		let validation_pool = self.validation_pool.clone();
+		let mut validation_pool = self.validation_pool.clone();
 		let metrics = self.metrics.clone();
 
 		async move {
 			metrics.report(|m| m.validations_scheduled.inc());
 
-			validation_pool
-				.lock()
-				.await
-				.send(
-					async move {
-						let res = validate_transaction_blocking(&*client, at, source, uxt);
-						let _ = tx.send(res);
-						metrics.report(|m| m.validations_finished.inc());
-					}
-					.boxed(),
-				)
-				.await
-				.map_err(|e| Error::RuntimeApi(format!("Validation pool down: {:?}", e)))?;
+			{
+				validation_pool
+					.send(
+						async move {
+							let res = validate_transaction_blocking(&*client, at, source, uxt);
+							let _ = tx.send(res);
+							metrics.report(|m| m.validations_finished.inc());
+						}
+						.boxed(),
+					)
+					.await
+					.map_err(|e| Error::RuntimeApi(format!("Validation pool down: {:?}", e)))?;
+			}
 
 			match rx.await {
 				Ok(r) => r,
@@ -183,7 +178,7 @@ where
 
 	fn hash_and_length(
 		&self,
-		ex: &graph::ExtrinsicFor<Self>,
+		ex: &graph::RawExtrinsicFor<Self>,
 	) -> (graph::ExtrinsicHash<Self>, usize) {
 		ex.using_encoded(|x| (<traits::HashingFor<Block> as traits::Hash>::hash(x), x.len()))
 	}
@@ -222,7 +217,10 @@ where
 	Client: Send + Sync + 'static,
 	Client::Api: TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
 {
-	sp_tracing::within_span!(sp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "validate_transaction";
+	let s = std::time::Instant::now();
+	let h = uxt.using_encoded(|x| <traits::HashingFor<Block> as traits::Hash>::hash(x));
+
+	let result = sp_tracing::within_span!(sp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "validate_transaction";
 	{
 		let runtime_api = client.runtime_api();
 		let api_version = sp_tracing::within_span! { sp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "check_version";
@@ -240,7 +238,7 @@ where
 			sp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "runtime::validate_transaction";
 		{
 			if api_version >= 3 {
-				runtime_api.validate_transaction(at, source, uxt, at)
+				runtime_api.validate_transaction(at, source, (*uxt).clone(), at)
 					.map_err(|e| Error::RuntimeApi(e.to_string()))
 			} else {
 				let block_number = client.to_number(&BlockId::Hash(at))
@@ -260,16 +258,19 @@ where
 
 				if api_version == 2 {
 					#[allow(deprecated)] // old validate_transaction
-					runtime_api.validate_transaction_before_version_3(at, source, uxt)
+					runtime_api.validate_transaction_before_version_3(at, source, (*uxt).clone())
 						.map_err(|e| Error::RuntimeApi(e.to_string()))
 				} else {
 					#[allow(deprecated)] // old validate_transaction
-					runtime_api.validate_transaction_before_version_2(at, uxt)
+					runtime_api.validate_transaction_before_version_2(at, (*uxt).clone())
 						.map_err(|e| Error::RuntimeApi(e.to_string()))
 				}
 			}
 		})
-	})
+	});
+	log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{h:?}] validate_transaction_blocking: at:{at:?} took:{:?}", s.elapsed());
+
+	result
 }
 
 impl<Client, Block> FullChainApi<Client, Block>
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/enactment_state.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/enactment_state.rs
similarity index 94%
rename from substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/enactment_state.rs
rename to substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/enactment_state.rs
index 85c572c127e84688ba68cee0329efffbb78043f3..a7eb6a3687c664826f481ce95d35304557cee3fc 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/enactment_state.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/enactment_state.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ const SKIP_MAINTENANCE_THRESHOLD: u16 = 20;
 /// is to figure out which phases (enactment / finalization) of transaction pool
 /// maintenance are needed.
 ///
-/// Given the following chain:
+/// Example: given the following chain:
 ///
 ///   B1-C1-D1-E1
 ///  /
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ const SKIP_MAINTENANCE_THRESHOLD: u16 = 20;
 ///  \
 ///   B2-C2-D2-E2
 ///
-/// Some scenarios and expected behavior for sequence of `NewBestBlock` (`nbb`) and `Finalized`
-/// (`f`) events:
+/// the list presents scenarios and expected behavior for sequence of `NewBestBlock` (`nbb`)
+/// and `Finalized` (`f`) events. true/false means if enactiment is required:
 ///
 /// - `nbb(C1)`, `f(C1)` -> false (enactment was already performed in `nbb(C1))`
 /// - `f(C1)`, `nbb(C1)` -> false (enactment was already performed in `f(C1))`
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ where
 		let new_hash = event.hash();
 		let finalized = event.is_finalized();
 
-		// do not proceed with txpool maintain if block distance is to high
+		// do not proceed with txpool maintain if block distance is too high
 		let skip_maintenance =
 			match (hash_to_number(new_hash), hash_to_number(self.recent_best_block)) {
 				(Ok(Some(new)), Ok(Some(current))) =>
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ where
 			};
 
 		if skip_maintenance {
-			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "skip maintain: tree_route would be too long");
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "skip maintain: tree_route would be too long");
 			self.force_update(event);
 			return Ok(EnactmentAction::Skip)
 		}
 
 		// block was already finalized
 		if self.recent_finalized_block == new_hash {
-			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "handle_enactment: block already finalized");
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "handle_enactment: block already finalized");
 			return Ok(EnactmentAction::Skip)
 		}
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ where
 		// it instead of tree_route provided with event
 		let tree_route = tree_route(self.recent_best_block, new_hash)?;
 
-		log::debug!(
+		log::trace!(
 			target: LOG_TARGET,
 			"resolve hash: {new_hash:?} finalized: {finalized:?} \
 			 tree_route: (common {:?}, last {:?}) best_block: {:?} finalized_block:{:?}",
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ where
 		// happening if we first received a finalization event and then a new
 		// best event for some old stale best head.
 		if tree_route.retracted().iter().any(|x| x.hash == self.recent_finalized_block) {
-			log::debug!(
+			log::trace!(
 				target: LOG_TARGET,
 				"Recently finalized block {} would be retracted by ChainEvent {}, skipping",
 				self.recent_finalized_block,
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ where
 			ChainEvent::NewBestBlock { hash, .. } => self.recent_best_block = *hash,
 			ChainEvent::Finalized { hash, .. } => self.recent_finalized_block = *hash,
 		};
-		log::debug!(
+		log::trace!(
 			target: LOG_TARGET,
 			"forced update: {:?}, {:?}",
 			self.recent_best_block,
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ mod enactment_state_tests {
 		use super::*;
 
 		/// asserts that tree routes are equal
-		fn assert_treeroute_eq(
+		fn assert_tree_route_eq(
 			expected: Result<TreeRoute<Block>, String>,
 			result: Result<TreeRoute<Block>, String>,
 		) {
@@ -323,56 +323,56 @@ mod enactment_state_tests {
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_01() {
 			let result = tree_route(b1().hash, a().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![b1(), a()], 1);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_02() {
 			let result = tree_route(a().hash, b1().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![a(), b1()], 0);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_03() {
 			let result = tree_route(a().hash, c2().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![a(), b2(), c2()], 0);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_04() {
 			let result = tree_route(e2().hash, a().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![e2(), d2(), c2(), b2(), a()], 4);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_05() {
 			let result = tree_route(d1().hash, b1().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![d1(), c1(), b1()], 2);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_06() {
 			let result = tree_route(d2().hash, b2().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![d2(), c2(), b2()], 2);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_07() {
 			let result = tree_route(b1().hash, d1().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![b1(), c1(), d1()], 0);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_08() {
 			let result = tree_route(b2().hash, d2().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![b2(), c2(), d2()], 0);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ mod enactment_state_tests {
 			let result = tree_route(e2().hash, e1().hash);
 			let expected =
 				TreeRoute::new(vec![e2(), d2(), c2(), b2(), a(), b1(), c1(), d1(), e1()], 4);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
@@ -388,55 +388,55 @@ mod enactment_state_tests {
 			let result = tree_route(e1().hash, e2().hash);
 			let expected =
 				TreeRoute::new(vec![e1(), d1(), c1(), b1(), a(), b2(), c2(), d2(), e2()], 4);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_11() {
 			let result = tree_route(b1().hash, c2().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![b1(), a(), b2(), c2()], 1);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_12() {
 			let result = tree_route(d2().hash, b1().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![d2(), c2(), b2(), a(), b1()], 3);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_13() {
 			let result = tree_route(c2().hash, e1().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![c2(), b2(), a(), b1(), c1(), d1(), e1()], 2);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_14() {
 			let result = tree_route(b1().hash, b1().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![b1()], 0);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_15() {
 			let result = tree_route(b2().hash, b2().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![b2()], 0);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_16() {
 			let result = tree_route(a().hash, a().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![a()], 0);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn tree_route_mock_test_17() {
 			let result = tree_route(x2().hash, b1().hash);
 			let expected = TreeRoute::new(vec![x2(), e2(), d2(), c2(), b2(), a(), b1()], 5);
-			assert_treeroute_eq(result, expected);
+			assert_tree_route_eq(result, expected);
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/error.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/error.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/error.rs
rename to substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/error.rs
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/log_xt.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/log_xt.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6c3752c1d50e2ac476a8c564e7734cdd9ba76083
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/log_xt.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Utility for logging transaction collections.
+
+/// Logs every transaction from given `tx_collection` with given level.
+macro_rules! log_xt {
+	(data: hash, target: $target:expr, $level:expr, $tx_collection:expr, $text_with_format:expr) => {
+		if log::log_enabled!(target: $target, $level) {
+			for tx in $tx_collection {
+				log::log!(target: $target, $level, $text_with_format, tx);
+			}
+		}
+	};
+	(data: hash, target: $target:expr, $level:expr, $tx_collection:expr, $text_with_format:expr,  $($arg:expr),*) => {
+		if log::log_enabled!(target: $target, $level) {
+			for tx in $tx_collection {
+				log::log!(target: $target, $level, $text_with_format, tx,  $($arg),*);
+			}
+		}
+	};
+	(data: tuple, target: $target:expr, $level:expr, $tx_collection:expr, $text_with_format:expr) => {
+		if log::log_enabled!(target: $target, $level) {
+			for tx in $tx_collection {
+				log::log!(target: $target, $level, $text_with_format, tx.0, tx.1)
+			}
+		}
+	};
+}
+
+/// Logs every transaction from given `tx_collection` with trace level.
+macro_rules! log_xt_trace {
+    (data: $datatype:ident, target: $target:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => ($crate::common::log_xt::log_xt!(data: $datatype, target: $target, log::Level::Trace, $($arg)+));
+    (target: $target:expr, $tx_collection:expr, $text_with_format:expr) => ($crate::common::log_xt::log_xt!(data: hash, target: $target, log::Level::Trace, $tx_collection, $text_with_format));
+    (target: $target:expr, $tx_collection:expr, $text_with_format:expr, $($arg:expr)*) => ($crate::common::log_xt::log_xt!(data: hash, target: $target, log::Level::Trace, $tx_collection, $text_with_format, $($arg)*));
+}
+
+pub(crate) use log_xt;
+pub(crate) use log_xt_trace;
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/metrics.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/metrics.rs
similarity index 58%
rename from substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/metrics.rs
rename to substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/metrics.rs
index 170bface96477e2ea69fe05eb182b600ef5ee03d..0ec3b511fa0e11224300419d453847e7939c360d 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/metrics.rs
@@ -16,76 +16,52 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-//! Transaction pool Prometheus metrics.
+//! Transaction pool Prometheus metrics for implementation of Chain API.
 
+use prometheus_endpoint::{register, Counter, PrometheusError, Registry, U64};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use prometheus_endpoint::{register, Counter, PrometheusError, Registry, U64};
+use crate::LOG_TARGET;
 
-#[derive(Clone, Default)]
-pub struct MetricsLink(Arc<Option<Metrics>>);
+/// Provides interface to register the specific metrics in the Prometheus register.
+pub(crate) trait MetricsRegistrant {
+	/// Registers the metrics at given Prometheus registry.
+	fn register(registry: &Registry) -> Result<Box<Self>, PrometheusError>;
+}
 
-impl MetricsLink {
+/// Generic structure to keep a link to metrics register.
+pub(crate) struct GenericMetricsLink<M: MetricsRegistrant>(Arc<Option<Box<M>>>);
+
+impl<M: MetricsRegistrant> Default for GenericMetricsLink<M> {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self(Arc::from(None))
+	}
+}
+
+impl<M: MetricsRegistrant> Clone for GenericMetricsLink<M> {
+	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+		Self(self.0.clone())
+	}
+}
+
+impl<M: MetricsRegistrant> GenericMetricsLink<M> {
 	pub fn new(registry: Option<&Registry>) -> Self {
 		Self(Arc::new(registry.and_then(|registry| {
-			Metrics::register(registry)
+			M::register(registry)
 				.map_err(|err| {
-					log::warn!("Failed to register prometheus metrics: {}", err);
+					log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Failed to register prometheus metrics: {}", err);
 				})
 				.ok()
 		})))
 	}
 
-	pub fn report(&self, do_this: impl FnOnce(&Metrics)) {
+	pub fn report(&self, do_this: impl FnOnce(&M)) {
 		if let Some(metrics) = self.0.as_ref() {
-			do_this(metrics);
+			do_this(&**metrics);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-/// Transaction pool Prometheus metrics.
-pub struct Metrics {
-	pub submitted_transactions: Counter<U64>,
-	pub validations_invalid: Counter<U64>,
-	pub block_transactions_pruned: Counter<U64>,
-	pub block_transactions_resubmitted: Counter<U64>,
-}
-
-impl Metrics {
-	pub fn register(registry: &Registry) -> Result<Self, PrometheusError> {
-		Ok(Self {
-			submitted_transactions: register(
-				Counter::new(
-					"substrate_sub_txpool_submitted_transactions",
-					"Total number of transactions submitted",
-				)?,
-				registry,
-			)?,
-			validations_invalid: register(
-				Counter::new(
-					"substrate_sub_txpool_validations_invalid",
-					"Total number of transactions that were removed from the pool as invalid",
-				)?,
-				registry,
-			)?,
-			block_transactions_pruned: register(
-				Counter::new(
-					"substrate_sub_txpool_block_transactions_pruned",
-					"Total number of transactions that was requested to be pruned by block events",
-				)?,
-				registry,
-			)?,
-			block_transactions_resubmitted: register(
-				Counter::new(
-					"substrate_sub_txpool_block_transactions_resubmitted",
-					"Total number of transactions that was requested to be resubmitted by block events",
-				)?,
-				registry,
-			)?,
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 /// Transaction pool api Prometheus metrics.
 pub struct ApiMetrics {
 	pub validations_scheduled: Counter<U64>,
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/mod.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fb280e8780ad4927cfc5f0045f1378363f06afe1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Common components re-used across different txpool implementations.
+
+pub(crate) mod api;
+pub(crate) mod enactment_state;
+pub(crate) mod error;
+pub(crate) mod log_xt;
+pub(crate) mod metrics;
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub(crate) mod tests;
+
+use futures::StreamExt;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// Inform the transaction pool about imported and finalized blocks.
+pub async fn notification_future<Client, Pool, Block>(client: Arc<Client>, txpool: Arc<Pool>)
+where
+	Block: sp_runtime::traits::Block,
+	Client: sc_client_api::BlockchainEvents<Block>,
+	Pool: sc_transaction_pool_api::MaintainedTransactionPool<Block = Block>,
+{
+	let import_stream = client
+		.import_notification_stream()
+		.filter_map(|n| futures::future::ready(n.try_into().ok()))
+		.fuse();
+	let finality_stream = client.finality_notification_stream().map(Into::into).fuse();
+
+	futures::stream::select(import_stream, finality_stream)
+		.for_each(|evt| txpool.maintain(evt))
+		.await
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/tests.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/tests.rs
similarity index 94%
rename from substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/tests.rs
rename to substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/tests.rs
index 325add3fb1c5a81a56a4a2591ed12ac4630b0b06..1cbabf8b5fde52e92d01069db8c10302264435fd 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/common/tests.rs
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
 
 //! Testing related primitives for internal usage in this crate.
 
-use crate::graph::{BlockHash, ChainApi, ExtrinsicFor, NumberFor, Pool};
+use crate::graph::{BlockHash, ChainApi, ExtrinsicFor, NumberFor, Pool, RawExtrinsicFor};
 use codec::Encode;
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use sc_transaction_pool_api::error;
-use sp_blockchain::TreeRoute;
+use sp_blockchain::{HashAndNumber, TreeRoute};
 use sp_runtime::{
 	generic::BlockId,
 	traits::{Block as BlockT, Hash},
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ impl TestApi {
 	pub fn expect_hash_from_number(&self, n: BlockNumber) -> H256 {
 		self.block_id_to_hash(&BlockId::Number(n)).unwrap().unwrap()
 	}
+
+	pub fn expect_hash_and_number(&self, n: BlockNumber) -> HashAndNumber<Block> {
+		HashAndNumber { hash: self.expect_hash_from_number(n), number: n }
+	}
 }
 
 impl ChainApi for TestApi {
@@ -73,6 +77,7 @@ impl ChainApi for TestApi {
 		_source: TransactionSource,
 		uxt: ExtrinsicFor<Self>,
 	) -> Self::ValidationFuture {
+		let uxt = (*uxt).clone();
 		self.validation_requests.lock().push(uxt.clone());
 		let hash = self.hash_and_length(&uxt).0;
 		let block_number = self.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(at)).unwrap().unwrap();
@@ -176,7 +181,7 @@ impl ChainApi for TestApi {
 	}
 
 	/// Hash the extrinsic.
-	fn hash_and_length(&self, uxt: &ExtrinsicFor<Self>) -> (BlockHash<Self>, usize) {
+	fn hash_and_length(&self, uxt: &RawExtrinsicFor<Self>) -> (BlockHash<Self>, usize) {
 		let encoded = uxt.encode();
 		let len = encoded.len();
 		(Hashing::hash(&encoded), len)
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/dropped_watcher.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/dropped_watcher.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2dd5836c570f419674ffe07d2c2f7aab7ab6cc4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/dropped_watcher.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,533 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Multi-view pool dropped events listener provides means to combine streams from multiple pool
+//! views into a single event stream. It allows management of dropped transaction events, adding new
+//! views, and removing views as needed, ensuring that transactions which are no longer referenced
+//! by any view are detected and properly notified.
+
+use crate::{
+	common::log_xt::log_xt_trace,
+	fork_aware_txpool::stream_map_util::next_event,
+	graph::{BlockHash, ChainApi, ExtrinsicHash},
+	LOG_TARGET,
+};
+use futures::stream::StreamExt;
+use log::{debug, trace};
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus;
+use sc_utils::mpsc;
+use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
+use std::{
+	collections::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap, HashSet},
+	fmt::{self, Debug, Formatter},
+	pin::Pin,
+};
+use tokio_stream::StreamMap;
+
+/// Dropped-logic related event from the single view.
+pub type ViewStreamEvent<C> = crate::graph::DroppedByLimitsEvent<ExtrinsicHash<C>, BlockHash<C>>;
+
+/// Dropped-logic stream of events coming from the single view.
+type ViewStream<C> = Pin<Box<dyn futures::Stream<Item = ViewStreamEvent<C>> + Send>>;
+
+/// Stream of extrinsic hashes that were dropped by the views and have no references by existing
+/// views.
+pub(crate) type StreamOfDropped<C> = Pin<Box<dyn futures::Stream<Item = ExtrinsicHash<C>> + Send>>;
+
+/// A type alias for a sender used as the controller of the [`MultiViewDropWatcherContext`].
+/// Used to send control commands from the [`MultiViewDroppedWatcherController`] to
+/// [`MultiViewDropWatcherContext`].
+type Controller<T> = mpsc::TracingUnboundedSender<T>;
+
+/// A type alias for a receiver used as the commands receiver in the
+/// [`MultiViewDropWatcherContext`].
+type CommandReceiver<T> = mpsc::TracingUnboundedReceiver<T>;
+
+/// Commands to control the instance of dropped transactions stream [`StreamOfDropped`].
+enum Command<C>
+where
+	C: ChainApi,
+{
+	/// Adds a new stream of dropped-related events originating in a view with a specific block
+	/// hash
+	AddView(BlockHash<C>, ViewStream<C>),
+	/// Removes an existing view's stream associated with a specific block hash.
+	RemoveView(BlockHash<C>),
+	/// Adds initial views for given extrinsics hashes.
+	///
+	/// This message should be sent when the external submission of a transaction occures. It
+	/// provides the list of initial views for given extrinsics hashes.
+	/// The dropped notification is not sent if it comes from the initial views. It allows to keep
+	/// transaction in the mempool, even if all the views are full at the time of submitting
+	/// transaction to the pool.
+	AddInitialViews(Vec<ExtrinsicHash<C>>, BlockHash<C>),
+	/// Removes all initial views for given extrinsic hashes.
+	///
+	/// Intended to ba called on finalization.
+	RemoveFinalizedTxs(Vec<ExtrinsicHash<C>>),
+}
+
+impl<C> Debug for Command<C>
+where
+	C: ChainApi,
+{
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+		match self {
+			Command::AddView(..) => write!(f, "AddView"),
+			Command::RemoveView(..) => write!(f, "RemoveView"),
+			Command::AddInitialViews(..) => write!(f, "AddInitialViews"),
+			Command::RemoveFinalizedTxs(..) => write!(f, "RemoveFinalizedTxs"),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// Manages the state and logic for handling events related to dropped transactions across multiple
+/// views.
+///
+/// This struct maintains a mapping of active views and their corresponding streams, as well as the
+/// state of each transaction with respect to these views.
+struct MultiViewDropWatcherContext<C>
+where
+	C: ChainApi,
+{
+	/// A map that associates the views identified by corresponding block hashes with their streams
+	/// of dropped-related events. This map is used to keep track of active views and their event
+	/// streams.
+	stream_map: StreamMap<BlockHash<C>, ViewStream<C>>,
+	/// A receiver for commands to control the state of the stream, allowing the addition and
+	/// removal of views. This is used to dynamically update which views are being tracked.
+	command_receiver: CommandReceiver<Command<C>>,
+
+	/// For each transaction hash we keep the set of hashes representing the views that see this
+	/// transaction as ready or future.
+	///
+	/// Once transaction is dropped, dropping view is removed from the set.
+	transaction_states: HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<C>, HashSet<BlockHash<C>>>,
+
+	/// The list of initial view for every extrinsic.
+	///
+	/// Dropped notifications from initial views will be silenced. This allows to accept the
+	/// transaction into the mempool, even if all the views are full at the time of submitting new
+	/// transaction.
+	initial_views: HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<C>, HashSet<BlockHash<C>>>,
+}
+
+impl<C> MultiViewDropWatcherContext<C>
+where
+	C: ChainApi + 'static,
+	<<C as ChainApi>::Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Processes a `ViewStreamEvent` from a specific view and updates the internal state
+	/// accordingly.
+	///
+	/// If the event indicates that a transaction has been dropped and is no longer referenced by
+	/// any active views, the transaction hash is returned. Otherwise `None` is returned.
+	fn handle_event(
+		&mut self,
+		block_hash: BlockHash<C>,
+		event: ViewStreamEvent<C>,
+	) -> Option<ExtrinsicHash<C>> {
+		trace!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"dropped_watcher: handle_event: event:{:?} views:{:?}, ",
+			event,
+			self.stream_map.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+		);
+		let (tx_hash, status) = event;
+		match status {
+			TransactionStatus::Ready | TransactionStatus::Future => {
+				self.transaction_states.entry(tx_hash).or_default().insert(block_hash);
+			},
+			TransactionStatus::Dropped | TransactionStatus::Usurped(_) => {
+				if let Entry::Occupied(mut views_keeping_tx_valid) =
+					self.transaction_states.entry(tx_hash)
+				{
+					views_keeping_tx_valid.get_mut().remove(&block_hash);
+					if views_keeping_tx_valid.get().is_empty() ||
+						views_keeping_tx_valid
+							.get()
+							.iter()
+							.all(|h| !self.stream_map.contains_key(h))
+					{
+						return self
+							.initial_views
+							.get(&tx_hash)
+							.map(|list| !list.contains(&block_hash))
+							.unwrap_or(true)
+							.then(|| {
+								debug!("[{:?}] dropped_watcher: removing tx", tx_hash);
+								tx_hash
+							})
+					}
+				} else {
+					debug!("[{:?}] dropped_watcher: removing (non-tracked) tx", tx_hash);
+					return Some(tx_hash)
+				}
+			},
+			_ => {},
+		};
+		None
+	}
+
+	/// Creates a new `StreamOfDropped` and its associated event stream controller.
+	///
+	/// This method initializes the internal structures and unfolds the stream of dropped
+	/// transactions. Returns a tuple containing this stream and the controller for managing
+	/// this stream.
+	fn event_stream() -> (StreamOfDropped<C>, Controller<Command<C>>) {
+		//note: 64 allows to avoid warning messages during execution of unit tests.
+		const CHANNEL_SIZE: usize = 64;
+		let (sender, command_receiver) = sc_utils::mpsc::tracing_unbounded::<Command<C>>(
+			"tx-pool-dropped-watcher-cmd-stream",
+			CHANNEL_SIZE,
+		);
+
+		let ctx = Self {
+			stream_map: StreamMap::new(),
+			command_receiver,
+			transaction_states: Default::default(),
+			initial_views: Default::default(),
+		};
+
+		let stream_map = futures::stream::unfold(ctx, |mut ctx| async move {
+			loop {
+				tokio::select! {
+					biased;
+					cmd = ctx.command_receiver.next() => {
+						match cmd? {
+							Command::AddView(key,stream) => {
+								trace!(target: LOG_TARGET,"dropped_watcher: Command::AddView {key:?} views:{:?}",ctx.stream_map.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>());
+								ctx.stream_map.insert(key,stream);
+							},
+							Command::RemoveView(key) => {
+								trace!(target: LOG_TARGET,"dropped_watcher: Command::RemoveView {key:?} views:{:?}",ctx.stream_map.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>());
+								ctx.stream_map.remove(&key);
+							},
+							Command::AddInitialViews(xts,block_hash) => {
+								log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, xts.clone(), "[{:?}] dropped_watcher: xt initial view added {block_hash:?}");
+								xts.into_iter().for_each(|xt| {
+									ctx.initial_views.entry(xt).or_default().insert(block_hash);
+								});
+							},
+							Command::RemoveFinalizedTxs(xts) => {
+								log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, xts.clone(), "[{:?}] dropped_watcher: finalized xt removed");
+								xts.iter().for_each(|xt| {
+									ctx.initial_views.remove(xt);
+									ctx.transaction_states.remove(xt);
+								});
+
+							},
+						}
+					},
+
+					Some(event) = next_event(&mut ctx.stream_map) => {
+						if let Some(dropped) = ctx.handle_event(event.0, event.1) {
+							debug!("dropped_watcher: sending out: {dropped:?}");
+							return Some((dropped, ctx));
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		})
+		.boxed();
+
+		(stream_map, sender)
+	}
+}
+
+/// The controller for manipulating the state of the [`StreamOfDropped`].
+///
+/// This struct provides methods to add and remove streams associated with views to and from the
+/// stream.
+pub struct MultiViewDroppedWatcherController<C: ChainApi> {
+	/// A controller allowing to update the state of the associated [`StreamOfDropped`].
+	controller: Controller<Command<C>>,
+}
+
+impl<C: ChainApi> Clone for MultiViewDroppedWatcherController<C> {
+	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+		Self { controller: self.controller.clone() }
+	}
+}
+
+impl<C> MultiViewDroppedWatcherController<C>
+where
+	C: ChainApi + 'static,
+	<<C as ChainApi>::Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Creates new [`StreamOfDropped`] and its controller.
+	pub fn new() -> (MultiViewDroppedWatcherController<C>, StreamOfDropped<C>) {
+		let (stream_map, ctrl) = MultiViewDropWatcherContext::<C>::event_stream();
+		(Self { controller: ctrl }, stream_map.boxed())
+	}
+
+	/// Notifies the [`StreamOfDropped`] that new view was created.
+	pub fn add_view(&self, key: BlockHash<C>, view: ViewStream<C>) {
+		let _ = self.controller.unbounded_send(Command::AddView(key, view)).map_err(|e| {
+			trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "dropped_watcher: add_view {key:?} send message failed: {e}");
+		});
+	}
+
+	/// Notifies the [`StreamOfDropped`] that the view was destroyed and shall be removed the
+	/// stream map.
+	pub fn remove_view(&self, key: BlockHash<C>) {
+		let _ = self.controller.unbounded_send(Command::RemoveView(key)).map_err(|e| {
+			trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "dropped_watcher: remove_view {key:?} send message failed: {e}");
+		});
+	}
+
+	/// Adds the initial view for the given transactions hashes.
+	///
+	/// This message should be called when the external submission of a transaction occures. It
+	/// provides the list of initial views for given extrinsics hashes.
+	///
+	/// The dropped notification is not sent if it comes from the initial views. It allows to keep
+	/// transaction in the mempool, even if all the views are full at the time of submitting
+	/// transaction to the pool.
+	pub fn add_initial_views(
+		&self,
+		xts: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicHash<C>> + Clone,
+		block_hash: BlockHash<C>,
+	) {
+		let _ = self
+			.controller
+			.unbounded_send(Command::AddInitialViews(xts.into_iter().collect(), block_hash))
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "dropped_watcher: add_initial_views_ send message failed: {e}");
+			});
+	}
+
+	/// Removes all initial views for finalized transactions.
+	pub fn remove_finalized_txs(&self, xts: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicHash<C>> + Clone) {
+		let _ = self
+			.controller
+			.unbounded_send(Command::RemoveFinalizedTxs(xts.into_iter().collect()))
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "dropped_watcher: remove_initial_views send message failed: {e}");
+			});
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod dropped_watcher_tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::common::tests::TestApi;
+	use futures::{stream::pending, FutureExt, StreamExt};
+	use sp_core::H256;
+
+	type MultiViewDroppedWatcher = super::MultiViewDroppedWatcherController<TestApi>;
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test01() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let (watcher, output_stream) = MultiViewDroppedWatcher::new();
+
+		let block_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+
+		let view_stream = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Ready),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Dropped),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash, view_stream);
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { output_stream.take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+		assert_eq!(handle.await.unwrap(), vec![tx_hash]);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test02() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let (watcher, mut output_stream) = MultiViewDroppedWatcher::new();
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(vec![(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Future)])
+			.chain(pending())
+			.boxed();
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Ready),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Dropped),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash0, view_stream0);
+
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash1, view_stream1);
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test03() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let (watcher, output_stream) = MultiViewDroppedWatcher::new();
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let tx_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+		let tx_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x0b);
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(vec![(tx_hash0, TransactionStatus::Future)])
+			.chain(pending())
+			.boxed();
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash1, TransactionStatus::Ready),
+			(tx_hash1, TransactionStatus::Dropped),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash0, view_stream0);
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash1, view_stream1);
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { output_stream.take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+		assert_eq!(handle.await.unwrap(), vec![tx_hash1]);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test04() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let (watcher, mut output_stream) = MultiViewDroppedWatcher::new();
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0b);
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Future),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 0))),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Ready),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Dropped),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash0, view_stream0);
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash1, view_stream1);
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { output_stream.take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+		assert_eq!(handle.await.unwrap(), vec![tx_hash]);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test05() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let (watcher, mut output_stream) = MultiViewDroppedWatcher::new();
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0b);
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Future),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 0))),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash0, view_stream0);
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Ready),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash0, 0))),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash1, view_stream1);
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0c);
+		let view_stream2 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Future),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Dropped),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+		let block_hash2 = H256::repeat_byte(0x03);
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash2, view_stream2);
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { output_stream.take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+		assert_eq!(handle.await.unwrap(), vec![tx_hash]);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test06() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let (watcher, mut output_stream) = MultiViewDroppedWatcher::new();
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0b);
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Future),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 0))),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash0, view_stream0);
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Ready),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Dropped),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash1, view_stream1);
+		watcher.add_initial_views(vec![tx_hash], block_hash1);
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test07() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let (watcher, mut output_stream) = MultiViewDroppedWatcher::new();
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0b);
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Future),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 0))),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash0, view_stream0);
+		watcher.add_initial_views(vec![tx_hash], block_hash0);
+		assert!(output_stream.next().now_or_never().is_none());
+
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(vec![
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Ready),
+			(tx_hash, TransactionStatus::Dropped),
+		])
+		.boxed();
+		watcher.add_view(block_hash1, view_stream1);
+
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { output_stream.take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+		assert_eq!(handle.await.unwrap(), vec![tx_hash]);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/fork_aware_txpool.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/fork_aware_txpool.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..404225167e576b9b8fd671f575270417c38f1249
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/fork_aware_txpool.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,1563 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Substrate fork-aware transaction pool implementation.
+
+use super::{
+	dropped_watcher::{MultiViewDroppedWatcherController, StreamOfDropped},
+	import_notification_sink::MultiViewImportNotificationSink,
+	metrics::MetricsLink as PrometheusMetrics,
+	multi_view_listener::MultiViewListener,
+	tx_mem_pool::{TxInMemPool, TxMemPool, TXMEMPOOL_TRANSACTION_LIMIT_MULTIPLIER},
+	view::View,
+	view_store::ViewStore,
+};
+use crate::{
+	api::FullChainApi,
+	common::log_xt::log_xt_trace,
+	enactment_state::{EnactmentAction, EnactmentState},
+	fork_aware_txpool::revalidation_worker,
+	graph::{self, base_pool::Transaction, ExtrinsicFor, ExtrinsicHash, IsValidator, Options},
+	PolledIterator, ReadyIteratorFor, LOG_TARGET,
+};
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use futures::{
+	channel::oneshot,
+	future::{self},
+	prelude::*,
+	FutureExt,
+};
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use prometheus_endpoint::Registry as PrometheusRegistry;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{
+	error::{Error, IntoPoolError},
+	ChainEvent, ImportNotificationStream, MaintainedTransactionPool, PoolFuture, PoolStatus,
+	TransactionFor, TransactionPool, TransactionSource, TransactionStatusStreamFor, TxHash,
+};
+use sp_blockchain::{HashAndNumber, TreeRoute};
+use sp_core::traits::SpawnEssentialNamed;
+use sp_runtime::{
+	generic::BlockId,
+	traits::{Block as BlockT, Extrinsic, NumberFor},
+};
+use std::{
+	collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+	pin::Pin,
+	sync::Arc,
+	time::Instant,
+};
+use tokio::select;
+
+/// Fork aware transaction pool task, that needs to be polled.
+pub type ForkAwareTxPoolTask = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>;
+
+/// A structure that maintains a collection of pollers associated with specific block hashes
+/// (views).
+struct ReadyPoll<T, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+{
+	pollers: HashMap<Block::Hash, Vec<oneshot::Sender<T>>>,
+}
+
+impl<T, Block> ReadyPoll<T, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+{
+	/// Creates a new `ReadyPoll` instance with an empty collection of pollers.
+	fn new() -> Self {
+		Self { pollers: Default::default() }
+	}
+
+	/// Adds a new poller for a specific block hash and returns the `Receiver` end of the created
+	/// oneshot channel which will be used to deliver polled result.
+	fn add(&mut self, at: <Block as BlockT>::Hash) -> oneshot::Receiver<T> {
+		let (s, r) = oneshot::channel();
+		self.pollers.entry(at).or_default().push(s);
+		r
+	}
+
+	/// Triggers all pollers associated with a specific block by sending the polled result through
+	/// each oneshot channel.
+	///
+	/// `ready_iterator` is a closure that generates the result data to be sent to the pollers.
+	fn trigger(&mut self, at: Block::Hash, ready_iterator: impl Fn() -> T) {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "fatp::trigger {at:?} pending keys: {:?}", self.pollers.keys());
+		let Some(pollers) = self.pollers.remove(&at) else { return };
+		pollers.into_iter().for_each(|p| {
+			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "trigger ready signal at block {}", at);
+			let _ = p.send(ready_iterator());
+		});
+	}
+
+	/// Removes pollers that have their oneshot channels cancelled.
+	fn remove_cancelled(&mut self) {
+		self.pollers.retain(|_, v| v.iter().any(|sender| !sender.is_canceled()));
+	}
+}
+
+/// The fork-aware transaction pool.
+///
+/// It keeps track of every fork and provides the set of transactions that is valid for every fork.
+pub struct ForkAwareTxPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+{
+	/// The reference to the `ChainApi` provided by client/backend.
+	api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+
+	/// Intermediate buffer for the incoming transaction.
+	mempool: Arc<TxMemPool<ChainApi, Block>>,
+
+	/// The store for all the views.
+	view_store: Arc<ViewStore<ChainApi, Block>>,
+
+	/// Utility for managing pollers of `ready_at` future.
+	ready_poll: Arc<Mutex<ReadyPoll<ReadyIteratorFor<ChainApi>, Block>>>,
+
+	/// Prometheus's metrics endpoint.
+	metrics: PrometheusMetrics,
+
+	/// Util tracking best and finalized block.
+	enactment_state: Arc<Mutex<EnactmentState<Block>>>,
+
+	/// The channel allowing to send revalidation jobs to the background thread.
+	revalidation_queue: Arc<revalidation_worker::RevalidationQueue<ChainApi, Block>>,
+
+	/// Util providing an aggregated stream of transactions that were imported to ready queue in
+	/// any view.
+	import_notification_sink: MultiViewImportNotificationSink<Block::Hash, ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>>,
+
+	/// Externally provided pool options.
+	options: Options,
+
+	/// Is node the validator.
+	is_validator: IsValidator,
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi, Block> ForkAwareTxPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Create new fork aware transaction pool with provided shared instance of `ChainApi` intended
+	/// for tests.
+	pub fn new_test(
+		pool_api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+		best_block_hash: Block::Hash,
+		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
+	) -> (Self, ForkAwareTxPoolTask) {
+		Self::new_test_with_limits(
+			pool_api,
+			best_block_hash,
+			finalized_hash,
+			Options::default().ready,
+			Options::default().future,
+			usize::MAX,
+		)
+	}
+
+	/// Create new fork aware transaction pool with given limits and with provided shared instance
+	/// of `ChainApi` intended for tests.
+	pub fn new_test_with_limits(
+		pool_api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+		best_block_hash: Block::Hash,
+		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
+		ready_limits: crate::PoolLimit,
+		future_limits: crate::PoolLimit,
+		mempool_max_transactions_count: usize,
+	) -> (Self, ForkAwareTxPoolTask) {
+		let listener = Arc::from(MultiViewListener::new());
+		let (import_notification_sink, import_notification_sink_task) =
+			MultiViewImportNotificationSink::new_with_worker();
+
+		let mempool = Arc::from(TxMemPool::new(
+			pool_api.clone(),
+			listener.clone(),
+			Default::default(),
+			mempool_max_transactions_count,
+		));
+
+		let (dropped_stream_controller, dropped_stream) =
+			MultiViewDroppedWatcherController::<ChainApi>::new();
+		let dropped_monitor_task = Self::dropped_monitor_task(
+			dropped_stream,
+			mempool.clone(),
+			import_notification_sink.clone(),
+		);
+
+		let combined_tasks = async move {
+			tokio::select! {
+				_ = import_notification_sink_task => {},
+				_ = dropped_monitor_task => {}
+			}
+		}
+		.boxed();
+
+		let options = Options { ready: ready_limits, future: future_limits, ..Default::default() };
+
+		(
+			Self {
+				mempool,
+				api: pool_api.clone(),
+				view_store: Arc::new(ViewStore::new(pool_api, listener, dropped_stream_controller)),
+				ready_poll: Arc::from(Mutex::from(ReadyPoll::new())),
+				enactment_state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(EnactmentState::new(
+					best_block_hash,
+					finalized_hash,
+				))),
+				revalidation_queue: Arc::from(revalidation_worker::RevalidationQueue::new()),
+				import_notification_sink,
+				options,
+				is_validator: false.into(),
+				metrics: Default::default(),
+			},
+			combined_tasks,
+		)
+	}
+
+	/// Monitors the stream of dropped transactions and removes them from the mempool.
+	///
+	/// This asynchronous task continuously listens for dropped transaction notifications provided
+	/// within `dropped_stream` and ensures that these transactions are removed from the `mempool`
+	/// and `import_notification_sink` instances.
+	async fn dropped_monitor_task(
+		mut dropped_stream: StreamOfDropped<ChainApi>,
+		mempool: Arc<TxMemPool<ChainApi, Block>>,
+		import_notification_sink: MultiViewImportNotificationSink<
+			Block::Hash,
+			ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+		>,
+	) {
+		loop {
+			let Some(dropped) = dropped_stream.next().await else {
+				log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "fatp::dropped_monitor_task: terminated...");
+				break;
+			};
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] fatp::dropped notification, removing", dropped);
+			mempool.remove_dropped_transactions(&[dropped]).await;
+			import_notification_sink.clean_notified_items(&[dropped]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Creates new fork aware transaction pool with the background revalidation worker.
+	///
+	/// The txpool essential tasks (including a revalidation worker) are spawned using provided
+	/// spawner.
+	pub fn new_with_background_worker(
+		options: Options,
+		is_validator: IsValidator,
+		pool_api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+		prometheus: Option<&PrometheusRegistry>,
+		spawner: impl SpawnEssentialNamed,
+		best_block_hash: Block::Hash,
+		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
+	) -> Self {
+		let metrics = PrometheusMetrics::new(prometheus);
+		let listener = Arc::from(MultiViewListener::new());
+		let (revalidation_queue, revalidation_task) =
+			revalidation_worker::RevalidationQueue::new_with_worker();
+
+		let (import_notification_sink, import_notification_sink_task) =
+			MultiViewImportNotificationSink::new_with_worker();
+
+		let mempool = Arc::from(TxMemPool::new(
+			pool_api.clone(),
+			listener.clone(),
+			metrics.clone(),
+			TXMEMPOOL_TRANSACTION_LIMIT_MULTIPLIER * (options.ready.count + options.future.count),
+		));
+
+		let (dropped_stream_controller, dropped_stream) =
+			MultiViewDroppedWatcherController::<ChainApi>::new();
+		let dropped_monitor_task = Self::dropped_monitor_task(
+			dropped_stream,
+			mempool.clone(),
+			import_notification_sink.clone(),
+		);
+
+		let combined_tasks = async move {
+			tokio::select! {
+				_ = revalidation_task => {},
+				_ = import_notification_sink_task => {},
+				_ = dropped_monitor_task => {}
+			}
+		}
+		.boxed();
+		spawner.spawn_essential("txpool-background", Some("transaction-pool"), combined_tasks);
+
+		Self {
+			mempool,
+			api: pool_api.clone(),
+			view_store: Arc::new(ViewStore::new(pool_api, listener, dropped_stream_controller)),
+			ready_poll: Arc::from(Mutex::from(ReadyPoll::new())),
+			enactment_state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(EnactmentState::new(
+				best_block_hash,
+				finalized_hash,
+			))),
+			revalidation_queue: Arc::from(revalidation_queue),
+			import_notification_sink,
+			options,
+			metrics,
+			is_validator,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Get access to the underlying api
+	pub fn api(&self) -> &ChainApi {
+		&self.api
+	}
+
+	/// Provides a status for all views at the tips of the forks.
+	pub fn status_all(&self) -> HashMap<Block::Hash, PoolStatus> {
+		self.view_store.status()
+	}
+
+	/// Provides a number of views at the tips of the forks.
+	pub fn active_views_count(&self) -> usize {
+		self.view_store.active_views.read().len()
+	}
+
+	/// Provides a number of views at the tips of the forks.
+	pub fn inactive_views_count(&self) -> usize {
+		self.view_store.inactive_views.read().len()
+	}
+
+	/// Provides internal views statistics.
+	///
+	/// Provides block number, count of ready, count of future transactions for every view. It is
+	/// suitable for printing log information.
+	fn views_stats(&self) -> Vec<(NumberFor<Block>, usize, usize)> {
+		self.view_store
+			.active_views
+			.read()
+			.iter()
+			.map(|v| (v.1.at.number, v.1.status().ready, v.1.status().future))
+			.collect()
+	}
+
+	/// Checks if there is a view at the tip of the fork with given hash.
+	pub fn has_view(&self, hash: &Block::Hash) -> bool {
+		self.view_store.active_views.read().contains_key(hash)
+	}
+
+	/// Returns a number of unwatched and watched transactions in internal mempool.
+	///
+	/// Intended for use in unit tests.
+	pub fn mempool_len(&self) -> (usize, usize) {
+		self.mempool.unwatched_and_watched_count()
+	}
+
+	/// Returns a best-effort set of ready transactions for a given block, without executing full
+	/// maintain process.
+	///
+	/// The method attempts to build a temporary view and create an iterator of ready transactions
+	/// for a specific `at` hash. If a valid view is found, it collects and prunes
+	/// transactions already included in the blocks and returns the valid set.
+	///
+	/// Pruning is just rebuilding the underlying transactions graph, no validations are executed,
+	/// so this process shall be fast.
+	pub fn ready_at_light(&self, at: Block::Hash) -> PolledIterator<ChainApi> {
+		let start = Instant::now();
+		let api = self.api.clone();
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "fatp::ready_at_light {:?}", at);
+
+		let Ok(block_number) = self.api.resolve_block_number(at) else {
+			let empty: ReadyIteratorFor<ChainApi> = Box::new(std::iter::empty());
+			return Box::pin(async { empty })
+		};
+
+		let best_result = {
+			api.tree_route(self.enactment_state.lock().recent_finalized_block(), at).map(
+				|tree_route| {
+					if let Some((index, view)) =
+						tree_route.enacted().iter().enumerate().rev().skip(1).find_map(|(i, b)| {
+							self.view_store.get_view_at(b.hash, true).map(|(view, _)| (i, view))
+						}) {
+						let e = tree_route.enacted()[index..].to_vec();
+						(TreeRoute::new(e, 0).ok(), Some(view))
+					} else {
+						(None, None)
+					}
+				},
+			)
+		};
+
+		Box::pin(async move {
+			if let Ok((Some(best_tree_route), Some(best_view))) = best_result {
+				let tmp_view: View<ChainApi> = View::new_from_other(
+					&best_view,
+					&HashAndNumber { hash: at, number: block_number },
+				);
+
+				let mut all_extrinsics = vec![];
+
+				for h in best_tree_route.enacted() {
+					let extrinsics = api
+						.block_body(h.hash)
+						.await
+						.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+							log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Compute ready light transactions: error request: {}", e);
+							None
+						})
+						.unwrap_or_default()
+						.into_iter()
+						.map(|t| api.hash_and_length(&t).0);
+					all_extrinsics.extend(extrinsics);
+				}
+
+				let before_count = tmp_view.pool.validated_pool().status().ready;
+				let tags = tmp_view
+					.pool
+					.validated_pool()
+					.extrinsics_tags(&all_extrinsics)
+					.into_iter()
+					.flatten()
+					.flatten()
+					.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+				let _ = tmp_view.pool.validated_pool().prune_tags(tags);
+
+				let after_count = tmp_view.pool.validated_pool().status().ready;
+				log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET,
+					"fatp::ready_at_light {} from {} before: {} to be removed: {} after: {} took:{:?}",
+					at,
+					best_view.at.hash,
+					before_count,
+					all_extrinsics.len(),
+					after_count,
+					start.elapsed()
+				);
+				Box::new(tmp_view.pool.validated_pool().ready())
+			} else {
+				let empty: ReadyIteratorFor<ChainApi> = Box::new(std::iter::empty());
+				log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "fatp::ready_at_light {} -> empty, took:{:?}", at, start.elapsed());
+				empty
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	/// Waits for the set of ready transactions for a given block up to a specified timeout.
+	///
+	/// This method combines two futures:
+	/// - The `ready_at` future, which waits for the ready transactions resulting from the full
+	/// maintenance process to be available.
+	/// - The `ready_at_light` future, used as a fallback if the timeout expires before `ready_at`
+	/// completes. This provides a best-effort, ready set of transactions as a result light
+	/// maintain.
+	///
+	/// Returns a future resolving to a ready iterator of transactions.
+	fn ready_at_with_timeout_internal(
+		&self,
+		at: Block::Hash,
+		timeout: std::time::Duration,
+	) -> PolledIterator<ChainApi> {
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "fatp::ready_at_with_timeout at {:?} allowed delay: {:?}", at, timeout);
+
+		let timeout = futures_timer::Delay::new(timeout);
+		let (view_already_exists, ready_at) = self.ready_at_internal(at);
+
+		if view_already_exists {
+			return ready_at;
+		}
+
+		let maybe_ready = async move {
+			select! {
+				ready = ready_at => Some(ready),
+				_ = timeout => {
+					log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET,
+						"Timeout fired waiting for transaction pool at block: ({:?}). \
+						Proceeding with production.",
+						at,
+					);
+					None
+				}
+			}
+		};
+
+		let fall_back_ready = self.ready_at_light(at);
+		Box::pin(async {
+			let (maybe_ready, fall_back_ready) =
+				futures::future::join(maybe_ready.boxed(), fall_back_ready.boxed()).await;
+			maybe_ready.unwrap_or(fall_back_ready)
+		})
+	}
+
+	fn ready_at_internal(&self, at: Block::Hash) -> (bool, PolledIterator<ChainApi>) {
+		let mut ready_poll = self.ready_poll.lock();
+
+		if let Some((view, inactive)) = self.view_store.get_view_at(at, true) {
+			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "fatp::ready_at {at:?} (inactive:{inactive:?})");
+			let iterator: ReadyIteratorFor<ChainApi> = Box::new(view.pool.validated_pool().ready());
+			return (true, async move { iterator }.boxed());
+		}
+
+		let pending = ready_poll
+			.add(at)
+			.map(|received| {
+				received.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+					log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Error receiving ready-set iterator: {:?}", e);
+					Box::new(std::iter::empty())
+				})
+			})
+			.boxed();
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"fatp::ready_at {at:?} pending keys: {:?}",
+			ready_poll.pollers.keys()
+		);
+		(false, pending)
+	}
+}
+
+/// Converts the input view-to-statuses map into the output vector of statuses.
+///
+/// The result of importing a bunch of transactions into a single view is the vector of statuses.
+/// Every item represents a status for single transaction. The input is the map that associates
+/// hash-views with vectors indicating the statuses of transactions imports.
+///
+/// Import to multiple views result in two-dimensional array of statuses, which is provided as
+/// input map.
+///
+/// This function converts the map into the vec of results, according to the following rules:
+/// - for given transaction if at least one status is success, then output vector contains success,
+/// - if given transaction status is error for every view, then output vector contains error.
+///
+/// The results for transactions are in the same order for every view. An output vector preserves
+/// this order.
+///
+/// ```skip
+/// in:
+/// view  |   xt0 status | xt1 status | xt2 status
+/// h1   -> [ Ok(xth0),    Ok(xth1),    Err       ]
+/// h2   -> [ Ok(xth0),    Err,         Err       ]
+/// h3   -> [ Ok(xth0),    Ok(xth1),    Err       ]
+///
+/// out:
+/// [ Ok(xth0), Ok(xth1), Err ]
+/// ```
+fn reduce_multiview_result<H, E>(input: HashMap<H, Vec<Result<H, E>>>) -> Vec<Result<H, E>> {
+	let mut values = input.values();
+	let Some(first) = values.next() else {
+		return Default::default();
+	};
+	let length = first.len();
+	debug_assert!(values.all(|x| length == x.len()));
+
+	input
+		.into_values()
+		.reduce(|mut agg_results, results| {
+			agg_results.iter_mut().zip(results.into_iter()).for_each(|(agg_r, r)| {
+				if agg_r.is_err() {
+					*agg_r = r;
+				}
+			});
+			agg_results
+		})
+		.unwrap_or_default()
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi, Block> TransactionPool for ForkAwareTxPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: 'static + graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	type Block = ChainApi::Block;
+	type Hash = ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>;
+	type InPoolTransaction = Transaction<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>>;
+	type Error = ChainApi::Error;
+
+	/// Submits multiple transactions and returns a future resolving to the submission results.
+	///
+	/// Actual transactions submission process is delegated to the `ViewStore` internal instance.
+	///
+	/// The internal limits of the pool are checked. The results of submissions to individual views
+	/// are reduced to single result. Refer to `reduce_multiview_result` for more details.
+	fn submit_at(
+		&self,
+		_: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xts: Vec<TransactionFor<Self>>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<Vec<Result<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error>>, Self::Error> {
+		let view_store = self.view_store.clone();
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "fatp::submit_at count:{} views:{}", xts.len(), self.active_views_count());
+		log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, xts.iter().map(|xt| self.tx_hash(xt)), "[{:?}] fatp::submit_at");
+		let xts = xts.into_iter().map(Arc::from).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		let mempool_result = self.mempool.extend_unwatched(source, xts.clone());
+
+		if view_store.is_empty() {
+			return future::ready(Ok(mempool_result)).boxed()
+		}
+
+		let (hashes, to_be_submitted): (Vec<TxHash<Self>>, Vec<ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>>) =
+			mempool_result
+				.iter()
+				.zip(xts)
+				.filter_map(|(result, xt)| result.as_ref().ok().map(|xt_hash| (xt_hash, xt)))
+				.unzip();
+
+		self.metrics
+			.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_transactions.inc_by(to_be_submitted.len() as _));
+
+		let mempool = self.mempool.clone();
+		async move {
+			let results_map = view_store.submit(source, to_be_submitted.into_iter(), hashes).await;
+			let mut submission_results = reduce_multiview_result(results_map).into_iter();
+
+			Ok(mempool_result
+				.into_iter()
+				.map(|result| {
+					result.and_then(|xt_hash| {
+						let result = submission_results
+							.next()
+							.expect("The number of Ok results in mempool is exactly the same as the size of to-views-submission result. qed.");
+						result.or_else(|error| {
+							let error = error.into_pool_error();
+							match error {
+								Ok(
+									// The transaction is still in mempool it may get included into the view for the next block.
+									Error::ImmediatelyDropped
+								) => Ok(xt_hash),
+								Ok(e) => {
+									mempool.remove(xt_hash);
+									Err(e.into())
+								},
+								Err(e) => Err(e),
+							}
+						})
+					})
+				})
+				.collect::<Vec<_>>())
+		}
+		.boxed()
+	}
+
+	/// Submits a single transaction and returns a future resolving to the submission results.
+	///
+	/// Actual transaction submission process is delegated to the `submit_at` function.
+	fn submit_one(
+		&self,
+		_at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error> {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] fatp::submit_one views:{}", self.tx_hash(&xt), self.active_views_count());
+		let result_future = self.submit_at(_at, source, vec![xt]);
+		async move {
+			let result = result_future.await;
+			match result {
+				Ok(mut v) =>
+					v.pop().expect("There is exactly one element in result of submit_at. qed."),
+				Err(e) => Err(e),
+			}
+		}
+		.boxed()
+	}
+
+	/// Submits a transaction and starts to watch its progress in the pool, returning a stream of
+	/// status updates.
+	///
+	/// Actual transaction submission process is delegated to the `ViewStore` internal instance.
+	fn submit_and_watch(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<Pin<Box<TransactionStatusStreamFor<Self>>>, Self::Error> {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] fatp::submit_and_watch views:{}", self.tx_hash(&xt), self.active_views_count());
+		let xt = Arc::from(xt);
+		let xt_hash = match self.mempool.push_watched(source, xt.clone()) {
+			Ok(xt_hash) => xt_hash,
+			Err(e) => return future::ready(Err(e)).boxed(),
+		};
+
+		self.metrics.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_transactions.inc());
+
+		let view_store = self.view_store.clone();
+		let mempool = self.mempool.clone();
+		async move {
+			let result = view_store.submit_and_watch(at, source, xt).await;
+			let result = result.or_else(|(e, maybe_watcher)| {
+				let error = e.into_pool_error();
+				match (error, maybe_watcher) {
+					(
+						Ok(
+							// The transaction is still in mempool it may get included into the
+							// view for the next block.
+							Error::ImmediatelyDropped,
+						),
+						Some(watcher),
+					) => Ok(watcher),
+					(Ok(e), _) => {
+						mempool.remove(xt_hash);
+						Err(e.into())
+					},
+					(Err(e), _) => Err(e),
+				}
+			});
+			result
+		}
+		.boxed()
+	}
+
+	/// Intended to remove transactions identified by the given hashes, and any dependent
+	/// transactions, from the pool. In current implementation this function only outputs the error.
+	/// Seems that API change is needed here to make this call reasonable.
+	// todo [#5491]: api change? we need block hash here (assuming we need it at all - could be
+	// useful for verification for debugging purposes).
+	fn remove_invalid(&self, hashes: &[TxHash<Self>]) -> Vec<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
+		if !hashes.is_empty() {
+			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "fatp::remove_invalid {}", hashes.len());
+			log_xt_trace!(target:LOG_TARGET, hashes, "[{:?}] fatp::remove_invalid");
+			self.metrics
+				.report(|metrics| metrics.removed_invalid_txs.inc_by(hashes.len() as _));
+		}
+		Default::default()
+	}
+
+	// todo [#5491]: api change?
+	// status(Hash) -> Option<PoolStatus>
+	/// Returns the pool status which includes information like the number of ready and future
+	/// transactions.
+	///
+	/// Currently the status for the most recently notified best block is returned (for which
+	/// maintain process was accomplished).
+	fn status(&self) -> PoolStatus {
+		self.view_store
+			.most_recent_view
+			.read()
+			.map(|hash| self.view_store.status()[&hash].clone())
+			.unwrap_or(PoolStatus { ready: 0, ready_bytes: 0, future: 0, future_bytes: 0 })
+	}
+
+	/// Return an event stream of notifications when transactions are imported to the pool.
+	///
+	/// Consumers of this stream should use the `ready` method to actually get the
+	/// pending transactions in the right order.
+	fn import_notification_stream(&self) -> ImportNotificationStream<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>> {
+		self.import_notification_sink.event_stream()
+	}
+
+	/// Returns the hash of a given transaction.
+	fn hash_of(&self, xt: &TransactionFor<Self>) -> TxHash<Self> {
+		self.api().hash_and_length(xt).0
+	}
+
+	/// Notifies the pool about the broadcasting status of transactions.
+	fn on_broadcasted(&self, propagations: HashMap<TxHash<Self>, Vec<String>>) {
+		self.view_store.listener.transactions_broadcasted(propagations);
+	}
+
+	/// Return specific ready transaction by hash, if there is one.
+	///
+	/// Currently the ready transaction is returned if it exists for the most recently notified best
+	/// block (for which maintain process was accomplished).
+	// todo [#5491]: api change: we probably should have at here?
+	fn ready_transaction(&self, tx_hash: &TxHash<Self>) -> Option<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
+		let most_recent_view = self.view_store.most_recent_view.read();
+		let result = most_recent_view
+			.map(|block_hash| self.view_store.ready_transaction(block_hash, tx_hash))
+			.flatten();
+		log::trace!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"[{tx_hash:?}] ready_transaction: {} {:?}",
+			result.is_some(),
+			most_recent_view
+		);
+		result
+	}
+
+	/// Returns an iterator for ready transactions at a specific block, ordered by priority.
+	fn ready_at(&self, at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash) -> PolledIterator<ChainApi> {
+		let (_, result) = self.ready_at_internal(at);
+		result
+	}
+
+	/// Returns an iterator for ready transactions, ordered by priority.
+	///
+	/// Currently the set of ready transactions is returned if it exists for the most recently
+	/// notified best block (for which maintain process was accomplished).
+	fn ready(&self) -> ReadyIteratorFor<ChainApi> {
+		self.view_store.ready()
+	}
+
+	/// Returns a list of future transactions in the pool.
+	///
+	/// Currently the set of future transactions is returned if it exists for the most recently
+	/// notified best block (for which maintain process was accomplished).
+	fn futures(&self) -> Vec<Self::InPoolTransaction> {
+		self.view_store.futures()
+	}
+
+	/// Returns a set of ready transactions at a given block within the specified timeout.
+	///
+	/// If the timeout expires before the maintain process is accomplished, a best-effort
+	/// set of transactions is returned (refer to `ready_at_light`).
+	fn ready_at_with_timeout(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		timeout: std::time::Duration,
+	) -> PolledIterator<ChainApi> {
+		self.ready_at_with_timeout_internal(at, timeout)
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Block, Client> sc_transaction_pool_api::LocalTransactionPool
+	for ForkAwareTxPool<FullChainApi<Client, Block>, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>,
+	Client: Send + Sync + 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+{
+	type Block = Block;
+	type Hash = ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>;
+	type Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as graph::ChainApi>::Error;
+
+	fn submit_local(
+		&self,
+		_at: Block::Hash,
+		_xt: sc_transaction_pool_api::LocalTransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> Result<Self::Hash, Self::Error> {
+		//todo [#5493]
+		//looks like view_store / view needs non async submit_local method ?.
+		let e = Err(sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::Unactionable.into());
+		log::warn!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"LocalTransactionPool::submit_local is not implemented for ForkAwareTxPool, returning error: {e:?}",
+		);
+		e
+	}
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi, Block> ForkAwareTxPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Handles a new block notification.
+	///
+	/// It is responsible for handling a newly notified block. It executes some sanity checks, find
+	/// the best view to clone from and executes the new view build procedure for the notified
+	/// block.
+	///
+	/// If the view is correctly created, `ready_at` pollers for this block will be triggered.
+	async fn handle_new_block(&self, tree_route: &TreeRoute<Block>) {
+		let hash_and_number = match tree_route.last() {
+			Some(hash_and_number) => hash_and_number,
+			None => {
+				log::warn!(
+					target: LOG_TARGET,
+					"Skipping ChainEvent - no last block in tree route {:?}",
+					tree_route,
+				);
+				return
+			},
+		};
+
+		if self.has_view(&hash_and_number.hash) {
+			log::trace!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"view already exists for block: {:?}",
+				hash_and_number,
+			);
+			return
+		}
+
+		let best_view = self.view_store.find_best_view(tree_route);
+		let new_view = self.build_new_view(best_view, hash_and_number, tree_route).await;
+
+		if let Some(view) = new_view {
+			{
+				let view = view.clone();
+				self.ready_poll.lock().trigger(hash_and_number.hash, move || {
+					Box::from(view.pool.validated_pool().ready())
+				});
+			}
+
+			View::start_background_revalidation(view, self.revalidation_queue.clone()).await;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Builds a new view.
+	///
+	/// If `origin_view` is provided, the new view will be cloned from it. Otherwise an empty view
+	/// will be created.
+	///
+	/// The new view will be updated with transactions from the tree_route and the mempool, all
+	/// required events will be triggered, it will be inserted to the view store.
+	///
+	/// This method will also update multi-view listeners with newly created view.
+	async fn build_new_view(
+		&self,
+		origin_view: Option<Arc<View<ChainApi>>>,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<Block>,
+		tree_route: &TreeRoute<Block>,
+	) -> Option<Arc<View<ChainApi>>> {
+		log::debug!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"build_new_view: for: {:?} from: {:?} tree_route: {:?}",
+			at,
+			origin_view.as_ref().map(|v| v.at.clone()),
+			tree_route
+		);
+		let mut view = if let Some(origin_view) = origin_view {
+			let mut view = View::new_from_other(&origin_view, at);
+			if !tree_route.retracted().is_empty() {
+				view.pool.clear_recently_pruned();
+			}
+			view
+		} else {
+			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "creating non-cloned view: for: {at:?}");
+			View::new(
+				self.api.clone(),
+				at.clone(),
+				self.options.clone(),
+				self.metrics.clone(),
+				self.is_validator.clone(),
+			)
+		};
+
+		// 1. Capture all import notification from the very beginning, so first register all
+		//the listeners.
+		self.import_notification_sink.add_view(
+			view.at.hash,
+			view.pool.validated_pool().import_notification_stream().boxed(),
+		);
+
+		self.view_store.dropped_stream_controller.add_view(
+			view.at.hash,
+			view.pool.validated_pool().create_dropped_by_limits_stream().boxed(),
+		);
+
+		let start = Instant::now();
+		let watched_xts = self.register_listeners(&mut view).await;
+		let duration = start.elapsed();
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "register_listeners: at {at:?} took {duration:?}");
+
+		// 2. Handle transactions from the tree route. Pruning transactions from the view first
+		// will make some space for mempool transactions in case we are at the view's limits.
+		let start = Instant::now();
+		self.update_view_with_fork(&view, tree_route, at.clone()).await;
+		let duration = start.elapsed();
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "update_view_with_fork: at {at:?} took {duration:?}");
+
+		// 3. Finally, submit transactions from the mempool.
+		let start = Instant::now();
+		self.update_view_with_mempool(&mut view, watched_xts).await;
+		let duration = start.elapsed();
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "update_view_with_mempool: at {at:?} took {duration:?}");
+
+		let view = Arc::from(view);
+		self.view_store.insert_new_view(view.clone(), tree_route).await;
+		Some(view)
+	}
+
+	/// Returns the list of xts included in all block ancestors, including the block itself.
+	///
+	/// Example: for the following chain `F<-B1<-B2<-B3` xts from `F,B1,B2,B3` will be returned.
+	async fn extrinsics_included_since_finalized(&self, at: Block::Hash) -> HashSet<TxHash<Self>> {
+		let start = Instant::now();
+		let recent_finalized_block = self.enactment_state.lock().recent_finalized_block();
+
+		let Ok(tree_route) = self.api.tree_route(recent_finalized_block, at) else {
+			return Default::default()
+		};
+
+		let api = self.api.clone();
+		let mut all_extrinsics = HashSet::new();
+
+		for h in tree_route.enacted().iter().rev() {
+			api.block_body(h.hash)
+				.await
+				.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+					log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Compute ready light transactions: error request: {}", e);
+					None
+				})
+				.unwrap_or_default()
+				.into_iter()
+				.map(|t| self.hash_of(&t))
+				.for_each(|tx_hash| {
+					all_extrinsics.insert(tx_hash);
+				});
+		}
+
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"fatp::extrinsics_included_since_finalized {} from {} count: {} took:{:?}",
+			at,
+			recent_finalized_block,
+			all_extrinsics.len(),
+			start.elapsed()
+		);
+		all_extrinsics
+	}
+
+	/// For every watched transaction in the mempool registers a transaction listener in the view.
+	///
+	/// The transaction listener for a given view is also added to multi-view listener. This allows
+	/// to track aggreagated progress of the transaction within the transaction pool.
+	///
+	/// Function returns a list of currently watched transactions in the mempool.
+	async fn register_listeners(
+		&self,
+		view: &View<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Vec<(ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, Arc<TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>>)> {
+		log::debug!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"register_listeners: {:?} xts:{:?} v:{}",
+			view.at,
+			self.mempool.unwatched_and_watched_count(),
+			self.active_views_count()
+		);
+
+		//todo [#5495]: maybe we don't need to register listener in view? We could use
+		// multi_view_listener.transaction_in_block
+		let results = self
+			.mempool
+			.clone_watched()
+			.into_iter()
+			.map(|(tx_hash, tx)| {
+				let watcher = view.create_watcher(tx_hash);
+				let at = view.at.clone();
+				async move {
+					log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] adding watcher {:?}", tx_hash, at.hash);
+					self.view_store.listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(
+						tx_hash,
+						at.hash,
+						watcher.into_stream().boxed(),
+					);
+					(tx_hash, tx)
+				}
+			})
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		future::join_all(results).await
+	}
+
+	/// Updates the given view with the transaction from the internal mempol.
+	///
+	/// All transactions from the mempool (excluding those which are either already imported or
+	/// already included in blocks since recently finalized block) are submitted to the
+	/// view.
+	///
+	/// If there are no views, and mempool transaction is reported as invalid for the given view,
+	/// the transaction is reported as invalid and removed from the mempool. This does not apply to
+	/// stale and temporarily banned transactions.
+	///
+	/// As the listeners for watched transactions were registered at the very beginning of maintain
+	/// procedure (`register_listeners`), this function accepts the list of watched transactions
+	/// from the mempool for which listener was actually registered to avoid submit/maintain races.
+	async fn update_view_with_mempool(
+		&self,
+		view: &View<ChainApi>,
+		watched_xts: Vec<(ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, Arc<TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>>)>,
+	) {
+		log::debug!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"update_view_with_mempool: {:?} xts:{:?} v:{}",
+			view.at,
+			self.mempool.unwatched_and_watched_count(),
+			self.active_views_count()
+		);
+		let included_xts = self.extrinsics_included_since_finalized(view.at.hash).await;
+		let xts = self.mempool.clone_unwatched();
+
+		let mut all_submitted_count = 0;
+		if !xts.is_empty() {
+			let unwatched_count = xts.len();
+			let mut buckets = HashMap::<TransactionSource, Vec<ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>>>::default();
+			xts.into_iter()
+				.filter(|(hash, _)| !view.pool.validated_pool().pool.read().is_imported(hash))
+				.filter(|(hash, _)| !included_xts.contains(&hash))
+				.map(|(_, tx)| (tx.source(), tx.tx()))
+				.for_each(|(source, tx)| buckets.entry(source).or_default().push(tx));
+
+			for (source, xts) in buckets {
+				all_submitted_count += xts.len();
+				let _ = view.submit_many(source, xts).await;
+			}
+			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "update_view_with_mempool: at {:?} unwatched {}/{}", view.at.hash, all_submitted_count, unwatched_count);
+		}
+
+		let watched_submitted_count = watched_xts.len();
+
+		let mut buckets = HashMap::<
+			TransactionSource,
+			Vec<(ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>)>,
+		>::default();
+		watched_xts
+			.into_iter()
+			.filter(|(hash, _)| !included_xts.contains(&hash))
+			.map(|(tx_hash, tx)| (tx.source(), tx_hash, tx.tx()))
+			.for_each(|(source, tx_hash, tx)| {
+				buckets.entry(source).or_default().push((tx_hash, tx))
+			});
+
+		let mut watched_results = Vec::default();
+		for (source, watched_xts) in buckets {
+			let hashes = watched_xts.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+			let results = view
+				.submit_many(source, watched_xts.into_iter().map(|i| i.1))
+				.await
+				.into_iter()
+				.zip(hashes)
+				.map(|(result, tx_hash)| result.or_else(|_| Err(tx_hash)))
+				.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+			watched_results.extend(results);
+		}
+
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "update_view_with_mempool: at {:?} watched {}/{}", view.at.hash, watched_submitted_count, self.mempool_len().1);
+
+		all_submitted_count += watched_submitted_count;
+		let _ = all_submitted_count
+			.try_into()
+			.map(|v| self.metrics.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_from_mempool_txs.inc_by(v)));
+
+		// if there are no views yet, and a single newly created view is reporting error, just send
+		// out the invalid event, and remove transaction.
+		if self.view_store.is_empty() {
+			for result in watched_results {
+				match result {
+					Err(tx_hash) => {
+						self.view_store.listener.invalidate_transactions(&[tx_hash]);
+						self.mempool.remove(tx_hash);
+					},
+					Ok(_) => {},
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Updates the view with the transactions from the given tree route.
+	///
+	/// Transactions from the retracted blocks are resubmitted to the given view. Tags for
+	/// transactions included in blocks on enacted fork are pruned from the provided view.
+	async fn update_view_with_fork(
+		&self,
+		view: &View<ChainApi>,
+		tree_route: &TreeRoute<Block>,
+		hash_and_number: HashAndNumber<Block>,
+	) {
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "update_view_with_fork tree_route: {:?} {tree_route:?}", view.at);
+		let api = self.api.clone();
+
+		// We keep track of everything we prune so that later we won't add
+		// transactions with those hashes from the retracted blocks.
+		let mut pruned_log = HashSet::<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>>::new();
+
+		future::join_all(
+			tree_route
+				.enacted()
+				.iter()
+				.map(|h| crate::prune_known_txs_for_block(h, &*api, &view.pool)),
+		)
+		.await
+		.into_iter()
+		.for_each(|enacted_log| {
+			pruned_log.extend(enacted_log);
+		});
+
+		//resubmit
+		{
+			let mut resubmit_transactions = Vec::new();
+
+			for retracted in tree_route.retracted() {
+				let hash = retracted.hash;
+
+				let block_transactions = api
+					.block_body(hash)
+					.await
+					.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+						log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Failed to fetch block body: {}", e);
+						None
+					})
+					.unwrap_or_default()
+					.into_iter()
+					.filter(|tx| tx.is_signed().unwrap_or(true));
+
+				let mut resubmitted_to_report = 0;
+
+				resubmit_transactions.extend(
+					block_transactions
+						.into_iter()
+						.map(|tx| (self.hash_of(&tx), tx))
+						.filter(|(tx_hash, _)| {
+							let contains = pruned_log.contains(&tx_hash);
+
+							// need to count all transactions, not just filtered, here
+							resubmitted_to_report += 1;
+
+							if !contains {
+								log::trace!(
+									target: LOG_TARGET,
+									"[{:?}]: Resubmitting from retracted block {:?}",
+									tx_hash,
+									hash,
+								);
+							}
+							!contains
+						})
+						.map(|(tx_hash, tx)| {
+							//find arc if tx is known
+							self.mempool.get_by_hash(tx_hash).unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::from(tx))
+						}),
+				);
+
+				self.metrics.report(|metrics| {
+					metrics.resubmitted_retracted_txs.inc_by(resubmitted_to_report)
+				});
+			}
+
+			let _ = view
+				.pool
+				.resubmit_at(
+					&hash_and_number,
+					// These transactions are coming from retracted blocks, we should
+					// simply consider them external.
+					TransactionSource::External,
+					resubmit_transactions,
+				)
+				.await;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Executes the maintainance for the finalized event.
+	///
+	/// Performs a house-keeping required for finalized event. This includes:
+	/// - executing the on finalized procedure for the view store,
+	/// - purging finalized transactions from the mempool and triggering mempool revalidation,
+	async fn handle_finalized(&self, finalized_hash: Block::Hash, tree_route: &[Block::Hash]) {
+		let finalized_number = self.api.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(finalized_hash));
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "handle_finalized {finalized_number:?} tree_route: {tree_route:?} views_count:{}", self.active_views_count());
+
+		let finalized_xts = self.view_store.handle_finalized(finalized_hash, tree_route).await;
+
+		self.mempool.purge_finalized_transactions(&finalized_xts).await;
+		self.import_notification_sink.clean_notified_items(&finalized_xts);
+
+		self.metrics
+			.report(|metrics| metrics.finalized_txs.inc_by(finalized_xts.len() as _));
+
+		if let Ok(Some(finalized_number)) = finalized_number {
+			self.revalidation_queue
+				.revalidate_mempool(
+					self.mempool.clone(),
+					HashAndNumber { hash: finalized_hash, number: finalized_number },
+				)
+				.await;
+		} else {
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "purge_transactions_later skipped, cannot find block number {finalized_number:?}");
+		}
+
+		self.ready_poll.lock().remove_cancelled();
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "handle_finalized after views_count:{:?}", self.active_views_count());
+	}
+
+	/// Computes a hash of the provided transaction
+	fn tx_hash(&self, xt: &TransactionFor<Self>) -> TxHash<Self> {
+		self.api.hash_and_length(xt).0
+	}
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl<ChainApi, Block> MaintainedTransactionPool for ForkAwareTxPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: 'static + graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Executes the maintainance for the given chain event.
+	async fn maintain(&self, event: ChainEvent<Self::Block>) {
+		let start = Instant::now();
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "processing event: {event:?}");
+
+		self.view_store.finish_background_revalidations().await;
+
+		let prev_finalized_block = self.enactment_state.lock().recent_finalized_block();
+
+		let compute_tree_route = |from, to| -> Result<TreeRoute<Block>, String> {
+			match self.api.tree_route(from, to) {
+				Ok(tree_route) => Ok(tree_route),
+				Err(e) =>
+					return Err(format!(
+						"Error occurred while computing tree_route from {from:?} to {to:?}: {e}"
+					)),
+			}
+		};
+		let block_id_to_number =
+			|hash| self.api.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(hash)).map_err(|e| format!("{}", e));
+
+		let result =
+			self.enactment_state
+				.lock()
+				.update(&event, &compute_tree_route, &block_id_to_number);
+
+		match result {
+			Err(msg) => {
+				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "enactment_state::update error: {msg}");
+				self.enactment_state.lock().force_update(&event);
+			},
+			Ok(EnactmentAction::Skip) => return,
+			Ok(EnactmentAction::HandleFinalization) => {
+				// todo [#5492]: in some cases handle_new_block is actually needed (new_num >
+				// tips_of_forks) let hash = event.hash();
+				// if !self.has_view(hash) {
+				// 	if let Ok(tree_route) = compute_tree_route(prev_finalized_block, hash) {
+				// 		self.handle_new_block(&tree_route).await;
+				// 	}
+				// }
+			},
+			Ok(EnactmentAction::HandleEnactment(tree_route)) => {
+				if matches!(event, ChainEvent::Finalized { .. }) {
+					self.view_store.handle_pre_finalized(event.hash()).await;
+				};
+				self.handle_new_block(&tree_route).await;
+			},
+		};
+
+		match event {
+			ChainEvent::NewBestBlock { .. } => {},
+			ChainEvent::Finalized { hash, ref tree_route } => {
+				self.handle_finalized(hash, tree_route).await;
+
+				log::trace!(
+					target: LOG_TARGET,
+					"on-finalized enacted: {tree_route:?}, previously finalized: \
+					{prev_finalized_block:?}",
+				);
+			},
+		}
+
+		let maintain_duration = start.elapsed();
+
+		log::info!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"maintain: txs:{:?} views:[{};{:?}] event:{event:?}  took:{:?}",
+			self.mempool_len(),
+			self.active_views_count(),
+			self.views_stats(),
+			maintain_duration
+		);
+
+		self.metrics.report(|metrics| {
+			let (unwatched, watched) = self.mempool_len();
+			let _ = (
+				self.active_views_count().try_into().map(|v| metrics.active_views.set(v)),
+				self.inactive_views_count().try_into().map(|v| metrics.inactive_views.set(v)),
+				watched.try_into().map(|v| metrics.watched_txs.set(v)),
+				unwatched.try_into().map(|v| metrics.unwatched_txs.set(v)),
+			);
+			metrics.maintain_duration.observe(maintain_duration.as_secs_f64());
+		});
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Block, Client> ForkAwareTxPool<FullChainApi<Client, Block>, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::ExecutorProvider<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::UsageProvider<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ Send
+		+ Sync
+		+ 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: std::marker::Unpin,
+{
+	/// Create new fork aware transaction pool for a full node with the provided api.
+	pub fn new_full(
+		options: Options,
+		is_validator: IsValidator,
+		prometheus: Option<&PrometheusRegistry>,
+		spawner: impl SpawnEssentialNamed,
+		client: Arc<Client>,
+	) -> Self {
+		let pool_api = Arc::new(FullChainApi::new(client.clone(), prometheus, &spawner));
+		let pool = Self::new_with_background_worker(
+			options,
+			is_validator,
+			pool_api,
+			prometheus,
+			spawner,
+			client.usage_info().chain.best_hash,
+			client.usage_info().chain.finalized_hash,
+		);
+
+		pool
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod reduce_multiview_result_tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use sp_core::H256;
+	#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
+	enum Error {
+		Custom(u8),
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn empty() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let input = HashMap::default();
+		let r = reduce_multiview_result::<H256, Error>(input);
+		assert!(r.is_empty());
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn errors_only() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let v: Vec<(H256, Vec<Result<H256, Error>>)> = vec![
+			(
+				H256::repeat_byte(0x13),
+				vec![
+					Err(Error::Custom(10)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(11)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(12)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(13)),
+				],
+			),
+			(
+				H256::repeat_byte(0x14),
+				vec![
+					Err(Error::Custom(20)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(21)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(22)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(23)),
+				],
+			),
+			(
+				H256::repeat_byte(0x15),
+				vec![
+					Err(Error::Custom(30)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(31)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(32)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(33)),
+				],
+			),
+		];
+		let input = HashMap::from_iter(v.clone());
+		let r = reduce_multiview_result(input);
+
+		//order in HashMap is random, the result shall be one of:
+		assert!(r == v[0].1 || r == v[1].1 || r == v[2].1);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	#[should_panic]
+	#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+	fn invalid_lengths() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let v: Vec<(H256, Vec<Result<H256, Error>>)> = vec![
+			(H256::repeat_byte(0x13), vec![Err(Error::Custom(12)), Err(Error::Custom(13))]),
+			(H256::repeat_byte(0x14), vec![Err(Error::Custom(23))]),
+		];
+		let input = HashMap::from_iter(v);
+		let _ = reduce_multiview_result(input);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn only_hashes() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+		let v: Vec<(H256, Vec<Result<H256, Error>>)> = vec![
+			(
+				H256::repeat_byte(0x13),
+				vec![Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x13)), Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x14))],
+			),
+			(
+				H256::repeat_byte(0x14),
+				vec![Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x13)), Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x14))],
+			),
+		];
+		let input = HashMap::from_iter(v);
+		let r = reduce_multiview_result(input);
+
+		assert_eq!(r, vec![Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x13)), Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x14))]);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn one_view() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let v: Vec<(H256, Vec<Result<H256, Error>>)> = vec![(
+			H256::repeat_byte(0x13),
+			vec![Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x10)), Err(Error::Custom(11))],
+		)];
+		let input = HashMap::from_iter(v);
+		let r = reduce_multiview_result(input);
+
+		assert_eq!(r, vec![Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x10)), Err(Error::Custom(11))]);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn mix() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let v: Vec<(H256, Vec<Result<H256, Error>>)> = vec![
+			(
+				H256::repeat_byte(0x13),
+				vec![
+					Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x10)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(11)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(12)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(33)),
+				],
+			),
+			(
+				H256::repeat_byte(0x14),
+				vec![
+					Err(Error::Custom(20)),
+					Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x21)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(22)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(33)),
+				],
+			),
+			(
+				H256::repeat_byte(0x15),
+				vec![
+					Err(Error::Custom(30)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(31)),
+					Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x32)),
+					Err(Error::Custom(33)),
+				],
+			),
+		];
+		let input = HashMap::from_iter(v);
+		let r = reduce_multiview_result(input);
+
+		assert_eq!(
+			r,
+			vec![
+				Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x10)),
+				Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x21)),
+				Ok(H256::repeat_byte(0x32)),
+				Err(Error::Custom(33))
+			]
+		);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/import_notification_sink.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/import_notification_sink.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7fbdcade63b86a9f6a78e8264b05e728f7c852e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/import_notification_sink.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Multi view import notification sink. This module provides a unified stream of transactions that
+//! have been notified as ready by any of the active views maintained by the transaction pool. It
+//! combines streams (`import_notification_stream`) from multiple views into a single stream. Events
+//! coming from this stream are dynamically dispatched to many external watchers.
+
+use crate::{fork_aware_txpool::stream_map_util::next_event, LOG_TARGET};
+use futures::{
+	channel::mpsc::{channel, Receiver as EventStream, Sender as ExternalSink},
+	stream::StreamExt,
+	Future, FutureExt,
+};
+use log::trace;
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use sc_utils::mpsc;
+use std::{
+	collections::HashSet,
+	fmt::{self, Debug, Formatter},
+	hash::Hash,
+	pin::Pin,
+	sync::Arc,
+};
+use tokio_stream::StreamMap;
+
+/// A type alias for a pinned, boxed stream of items of type `I`.
+/// This alias is particularly useful for defining the types of the incoming streams from various
+/// views, and is intended to build the stream of transaction hashes that become ready.
+///
+/// Note: generic parameter allows better testing of all types involved.
+type StreamOf<I> = Pin<Box<dyn futures::Stream<Item = I> + Send>>;
+
+/// A type alias for a tracing unbounded sender used as the command channel controller.
+/// Used to send control commands to the [`AggregatedStreamContext`].
+type Controller<T> = mpsc::TracingUnboundedSender<T>;
+
+/// A type alias for a tracing unbounded receiver used as the command channel receiver.
+/// Used to receive control commands in the [`AggregatedStreamContext`].
+type CommandReceiver<T> = mpsc::TracingUnboundedReceiver<T>;
+
+/// An enum representing commands that can be sent to the multi-sinks context.
+///
+/// This enum contains variants that encapsulate control commands used to manage multiple streams
+/// within the `AggregatedStreamContext`.
+enum Command<K, I: Send + Sync> {
+	///  Adds a new view with a unique key and a stream of items of type `I`.
+	AddView(K, StreamOf<I>),
+}
+
+impl<K, I: Send + Sync> Debug for Command<K, I> {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+		match self {
+			Command::AddView(..) => write!(f, "AddView"),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// A context used to unfold the single stream of items aggregated from the multiple
+/// streams.
+///
+/// The `AggregatedStreamContext` continuously monitors both the command receiver and the stream
+/// map, ensuring new views can be dynamically added and events from any active view can be
+/// processed.
+struct AggregatedStreamContext<K, I: Send + Sync> {
+	/// A map of streams identified by unique keys,
+	stream_map: StreamMap<K, StreamOf<I>>,
+	/// A receiver for handling control commands, such as adding new views.
+	command_receiver: CommandReceiver<Command<K, I>>,
+}
+
+impl<K, I> AggregatedStreamContext<K, I>
+where
+	K: Send + Debug + Unpin + Clone + Default + Hash + Eq + 'static,
+	I: Send + Sync + 'static + PartialEq + Eq + Hash + Clone + Debug,
+{
+	/// Creates a new aggregated stream of items and its command controller.
+	///
+	/// This function sets up the initial context with an empty stream map. The aggregated output
+	/// stream of items (e.g. hashes of transactions that become ready) is unfolded.
+	///
+	/// It returns a tuple containing the output stream and the command controller, allowing
+	/// external components to control this stream.
+	fn event_stream() -> (StreamOf<I>, Controller<Command<K, I>>) {
+		let (sender, receiver) =
+			sc_utils::mpsc::tracing_unbounded::<Command<K, I>>("import-notification-sink", 16);
+
+		let ctx = Self { stream_map: StreamMap::new(), command_receiver: receiver };
+
+		let output_stream = futures::stream::unfold(ctx, |mut ctx| async move {
+			loop {
+				tokio::select! {
+					biased;
+					cmd = ctx.command_receiver.next() => {
+						match cmd? {
+							Command::AddView(key,stream) => {
+								trace!(target: LOG_TARGET,"Command::AddView {key:?}");
+								ctx.stream_map.insert(key,stream);
+							},
+						}
+					},
+
+					Some(event) = next_event(&mut ctx.stream_map) => {
+						trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "import_notification_sink: select_next_some -> {:?}", event);
+						return Some((event.1, ctx));
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		})
+		.boxed();
+
+		(output_stream, sender)
+	}
+}
+
+/// A struct that facilitates the relaying notifications of ready transactions from multiple views
+/// to many external sinks.
+///
+/// `MultiViewImportNotificationSink` provides mechanisms to dynamically add new views, filter
+/// notifications of imported transactions hashes and relay them to the multiple external sinks.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct MultiViewImportNotificationSink<K, I: Send + Sync> {
+	/// A controller used to send commands to the internal [`AggregatedStreamContext`].
+	controller: Controller<Command<K, I>>,
+	/// A vector of the external sinks, each receiving a copy of the merged stream of ready
+	/// transaction hashes.
+	external_sinks: Arc<RwLock<Vec<ExternalSink<I>>>>,
+	/// A set of already notified items, ensuring that each item (transaction hash) is only
+	/// sent out once.
+	already_notified_items: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<I>>>,
+}
+
+/// An asynchronous task responsible for dispatching aggregated import notifications to multiple
+/// sinks (created by [`MultiViewImportNotificationSink::event_stream`]).
+pub type ImportNotificationTask = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>;
+
+impl<K, I> MultiViewImportNotificationSink<K, I>
+where
+	K: 'static + Clone + Send + Debug + Default + Unpin + Eq + Hash,
+	I: 'static + Clone + Send + Debug + Sync + PartialEq + Eq + Hash,
+{
+	/// Creates a new [`MultiViewImportNotificationSink`] along with its associated worker task.
+	///
+	/// This function initializes the sink and provides the worker task that listens for events from
+	/// the aggregated stream, relaying them to the external sinks. The task shall be polled by
+	/// caller.
+	///
+	/// Returns a tuple containing the [`MultiViewImportNotificationSink`] and the
+	/// [`ImportNotificationTask`].
+	pub fn new_with_worker() -> (MultiViewImportNotificationSink<K, I>, ImportNotificationTask) {
+		let (output_stream, controller) = AggregatedStreamContext::<K, I>::event_stream();
+		let output_stream_controller = Self {
+			controller,
+			external_sinks: Default::default(),
+			already_notified_items: Default::default(),
+		};
+		let external_sinks = output_stream_controller.external_sinks.clone();
+		let already_notified_items = output_stream_controller.already_notified_items.clone();
+
+		let import_notifcation_task = output_stream
+			.for_each(move |event| {
+				let external_sinks = external_sinks.clone();
+				let already_notified_items = already_notified_items.clone();
+				async move {
+					if already_notified_items.write().insert(event.clone()) {
+						external_sinks.write().retain_mut(|sink| {
+							trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] import_sink_worker sending out imported", event);
+							if let Err(e) = sink.try_send(event.clone()) {
+								trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "import_sink_worker sending message failed: {e}");
+								false
+							} else {
+								true
+							}
+						});
+					}
+				}
+			})
+			.boxed();
+		(output_stream_controller, import_notifcation_task)
+	}
+
+	/// Adds a new stream associated with the view identified by specified key.
+	///
+	/// The new view's stream is added to the internal aggregated stream context by sending command
+	/// to its `command_receiver`.
+	pub fn add_view(&self, key: K, view: StreamOf<I>) {
+		let _ = self
+			.controller
+			.unbounded_send(Command::AddView(key.clone(), view))
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "add_view {key:?} send message failed: {e}");
+			});
+	}
+
+	/// Creates and returns a new external stream of ready transactions hashes notifications.
+	pub fn event_stream(&self) -> EventStream<I> {
+		const CHANNEL_BUFFER_SIZE: usize = 1024;
+		let (sender, receiver) = channel(CHANNEL_BUFFER_SIZE);
+		self.external_sinks.write().push(sender);
+		receiver
+	}
+
+	/// Removes specified items from the `already_notified_items` set.
+	///
+	/// Intended to be called once transactions are finalized.
+	pub fn clean_notified_items(&self, items_to_be_removed: &[I]) {
+		let mut already_notified_items = self.already_notified_items.write();
+		items_to_be_removed.iter().for_each(|i| {
+			already_notified_items.remove(i);
+		});
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use core::time::Duration;
+	use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+
+	#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+	struct Event<I: Send> {
+		delay: u64,
+		value: I,
+	}
+
+	impl<I: Send> From<(u64, I)> for Event<I> {
+		fn from(event: (u64, I)) -> Self {
+			Self { delay: event.0, value: event.1 }
+		}
+	}
+
+	struct View<I: Send + Sync> {
+		scenario: Vec<Event<I>>,
+		sinks: Arc<RwLock<Vec<ExternalSink<I>>>>,
+	}
+
+	impl<I: Send + Sync + 'static + Clone + Debug> View<I> {
+		fn new(scenario: Vec<(u64, I)>) -> Self {
+			Self {
+				scenario: scenario.into_iter().map(Into::into).collect(),
+				sinks: Default::default(),
+			}
+		}
+
+		async fn event_stream(&self) -> EventStream<I> {
+			let (sender, receiver) = channel(32);
+			self.sinks.write().push(sender);
+			receiver
+		}
+
+		fn play(&mut self) -> JoinHandle<()> {
+			let mut scenario = self.scenario.clone();
+			let sinks = self.sinks.clone();
+			tokio::spawn(async move {
+				loop {
+					if scenario.is_empty() {
+						for sink in &mut *sinks.write() {
+							sink.close_channel();
+						}
+						break;
+					};
+					let x = scenario.remove(0);
+					tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(x.delay)).await;
+					for sink in &mut *sinks.write() {
+						sink.try_send(x.value.clone()).unwrap();
+					}
+				}
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn deduplicating_works() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+		let (ctrl, runnable) = MultiViewImportNotificationSink::<u64, i32>::new_with_worker();
+
+		let j0 = tokio::spawn(runnable);
+
+		let stream = ctrl.event_stream();
+
+		let mut v1 = View::new(vec![(0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3)]);
+		let mut v2 = View::new(vec![(0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 6)]);
+		let mut v3 = View::new(vec![(0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3)]);
+
+		let j1 = v1.play();
+		let j2 = v2.play();
+		let j3 = v3.play();
+
+		let o1 = v1.event_stream().await.boxed();
+		let o2 = v2.event_stream().await.boxed();
+		let o3 = v3.event_stream().await.boxed();
+
+		ctrl.add_view(1000, o1);
+		ctrl.add_view(2000, o2);
+		ctrl.add_view(3000, o3);
+
+		let out = stream.take(4).collect::<Vec<_>>().await;
+		assert!(out.iter().all(|v| vec![1, 2, 3, 6].contains(v)));
+		drop(ctrl);
+
+		futures::future::join_all(vec![j0, j1, j2, j3]).await;
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn dedup_filter_reset_works() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+		let (ctrl, runnable) = MultiViewImportNotificationSink::<u64, i32>::new_with_worker();
+
+		let j0 = tokio::spawn(runnable);
+
+		let stream = ctrl.event_stream();
+
+		let mut v1 = View::new(vec![(10, 1), (10, 2), (10, 3)]);
+		let mut v2 = View::new(vec![(20, 1), (20, 2), (20, 6)]);
+		let mut v3 = View::new(vec![(20, 1), (20, 2), (20, 3)]);
+
+		let j1 = v1.play();
+		let j2 = v2.play();
+		let j3 = v3.play();
+
+		let o1 = v1.event_stream().await.boxed();
+		let o2 = v2.event_stream().await.boxed();
+		let o3 = v3.event_stream().await.boxed();
+
+		ctrl.add_view(1000, o1);
+		ctrl.add_view(2000, o2);
+
+		let j4 = {
+			let ctrl = ctrl.clone();
+			tokio::spawn(async move {
+				tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(70)).await;
+				ctrl.clean_notified_items(&vec![1, 3]);
+				ctrl.add_view(3000, o3.boxed());
+			})
+		};
+
+		let out = stream.take(6).collect::<Vec<_>>().await;
+		assert_eq!(out, vec![1, 2, 3, 6, 1, 3]);
+		drop(ctrl);
+
+		futures::future::join_all(vec![j0, j1, j2, j3, j4]).await;
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn many_output_streams_are_supported() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+		let (ctrl, runnable) = MultiViewImportNotificationSink::<u64, i32>::new_with_worker();
+
+		let j0 = tokio::spawn(runnable);
+
+		let stream0 = ctrl.event_stream();
+		let stream1 = ctrl.event_stream();
+
+		let mut v1 = View::new(vec![(0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3)]);
+		let mut v2 = View::new(vec![(0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 6)]);
+		let mut v3 = View::new(vec![(0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3)]);
+
+		let j1 = v1.play();
+		let j2 = v2.play();
+		let j3 = v3.play();
+
+		let o1 = v1.event_stream().await.boxed();
+		let o2 = v2.event_stream().await.boxed();
+		let o3 = v3.event_stream().await.boxed();
+
+		ctrl.add_view(1000, o1);
+		ctrl.add_view(2000, o2);
+		ctrl.add_view(3000, o3);
+
+		let out0 = stream0.take(4).collect::<Vec<_>>().await;
+		let out1 = stream1.take(4).collect::<Vec<_>>().await;
+		assert!(out0.iter().all(|v| vec![1, 2, 3, 6].contains(v)));
+		assert!(out1.iter().all(|v| vec![1, 2, 3, 6].contains(v)));
+		drop(ctrl);
+
+		futures::future::join_all(vec![j0, j1, j2, j3]).await;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/metrics.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/metrics.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..73d45ac430519aed4a4afac048d15a3c27e5e930
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/metrics.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Prometheus's metrics for a fork-aware transaction pool.
+
+use crate::common::metrics::{GenericMetricsLink, MetricsRegistrant};
+use prometheus_endpoint::{
+	histogram_opts, linear_buckets, register, Counter, Gauge, Histogram, PrometheusError, Registry,
+	U64,
+};
+
+/// A helper alias for the Prometheus's metrics endpoint.
+pub type MetricsLink = GenericMetricsLink<Metrics>;
+
+/// Transaction pool Prometheus metrics.
+pub struct Metrics {
+	/// Total number of transactions submitted.
+	pub submitted_transactions: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Total number of currently maintained views.
+	pub active_views: Gauge<U64>,
+	/// Total number of current inactive views.
+	pub inactive_views: Gauge<U64>,
+	/// Total number of watched transactions in txpool.
+	pub watched_txs: Gauge<U64>,
+	/// Total number of unwatched transactions in txpool.
+	pub unwatched_txs: Gauge<U64>,
+	/// Total number of transactions reported as invalid.
+	pub removed_invalid_txs: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Total number of finalized transactions.
+	pub finalized_txs: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Histogram of maintain durations.
+	pub maintain_duration: Histogram,
+	/// Total number of transactions resubmitted from retracted forks.
+	pub resubmitted_retracted_txs: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Total number of transactions submitted from mempool to views.
+	pub submitted_from_mempool_txs: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Total number of transactions found as invalid during mempool revalidation.
+	pub mempool_revalidation_invalid_txs: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Total number of transactions found as invalid during view revalidation.
+	pub view_revalidation_invalid_txs: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Total number of valid transactions processed during view revalidation.
+	pub view_revalidation_resubmitted_txs: Counter<U64>,
+	/// Histogram of view revalidation durations.
+	pub view_revalidation_duration: Histogram,
+	/// Total number of the views created w/o cloning existing view.
+	pub non_cloned_views: Counter<U64>,
+}
+
+impl MetricsRegistrant for Metrics {
+	fn register(registry: &Registry) -> Result<Box<Self>, PrometheusError> {
+		Ok(Box::from(Self {
+			submitted_transactions: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_submitted_txs_total",
+					"Total number of transactions submitted",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			active_views: register(
+				Gauge::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_active_views",
+					"Total number of currently maintained views.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			inactive_views: register(
+				Gauge::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_inactive_views",
+					"Total number of current inactive views.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			watched_txs: register(
+				Gauge::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_watched_txs",
+					"Total number of watched transactions in txpool.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			unwatched_txs: register(
+				Gauge::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_unwatched_txs",
+					"Total number of unwatched transactions in txpool.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			removed_invalid_txs: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_removed_invalid_txs_total",
+					"Total number of transactions reported as invalid.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			finalized_txs: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_finalized_txs_total",
+					"Total number of finalized transactions.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			maintain_duration: register(
+				Histogram::with_opts(histogram_opts!(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_maintain_duration_seconds",
+					"Histogram of maintain durations.",
+					linear_buckets(0.0, 0.25, 13).unwrap()
+				))?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			resubmitted_retracted_txs: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_resubmitted_retracted_txs_total",
+					"Total number of transactions resubmitted from retracted forks.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			submitted_from_mempool_txs: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_submitted_from_mempool_txs_total",
+					"Total number of transactions submitted from mempool to views.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			mempool_revalidation_invalid_txs: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_mempool_revalidation_invalid_txs_total",
+					"Total number of transactions found as invalid during mempool revalidation.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			view_revalidation_invalid_txs: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_view_revalidation_invalid_txs_total",
+					"Total number of transactions found as invalid during view revalidation.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			view_revalidation_resubmitted_txs: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_view_revalidation_resubmitted_txs_total",
+					"Total number of valid transactions processed during view revalidation.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			view_revalidation_duration: register(
+				Histogram::with_opts(histogram_opts!(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_view_revalidation_duration_seconds",
+					"Histogram of view revalidation durations.",
+					linear_buckets(0.0, 0.25, 13).unwrap()
+				))?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			non_cloned_views: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_non_cloned_views_total",
+					"Total number of the views created w/o cloning existing view.",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+		}))
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/mod.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9f979e216b6d4153b957a95004d694683a0c3e95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Substrate fork aware transaction pool implementation.
+//!
+//! # Top level overview.
+//! This documentation provides high level overview of the main structures and the main flows within
+//! the fork-aware transaction pool.
+//!
+//! ## Structures.
+//! ### View.
+//! #### Purpose.
+//! The main responsibility of the [`View`] is to provide the valid set of ready transactions at
+//! the given block. [`ForkAwareTxPool`] keeps the number of recent views for all the blocks
+//! notified since recently finalized block.
+//!
+//! The views associated with blocks at the tips of the forks are actively updated with all newly
+//! incoming transactions, while intermediate views are not updated (they still provide transactions
+//! ready to be included at that block) due to performance reasons, since every transaction
+//! submitted to the view needs to be [validated][runtime_api::validate].
+//! Building upon the older blocks happens relatively rare so this does not affect blocks filling.
+//!
+//! The view is wrapper around [`Pool`] and exposes its functionality, including the ability
+//! of [tracking][`Watcher`] the progress of every transaction.
+//!
+//! #### Views: active, inactive.
+//! All the views are stored in [`ViewStore`] structure. In this documentation the views at the tips
+//! of the forks are referred as [`active_views`], while the intermediate views as
+//! [`inactive_views`].
+//!
+//!
+//! #### The life cycle of the [`View`].
+//! Views are created when the new [`ChainEvent`] is notified to the pool. The view that is
+//! [closest][find_best_view] to the newly notified block is chosen to clone from. Once built and
+//! updated the newly created view is placed in [`active_views`]. Detailed description of view
+//! creation is described in [the material to follow](#handling-the-new-best-block). When the view
+//! is no longer at the tip of the forks, it is moved to the [`inactive_views`]. When the block
+//! number of the view is lower then the finalized block, the view is permanently removed.
+//!
+//!
+//! *Example*:
+//! The following chain:
+//! ```text
+//!    C2 - C3 - C4
+//!   /
+//! B1
+//!   \
+//!    B2 - B3 - B4
+//! ```
+//! and the following set of events:
+//! ```text
+//! New best block: B1, C3, C4, B4
+//! ```
+//! will result in the following set of views within the [`ViewStore`]:
+//! ```text
+//!   active: C4, B4
+//! inactive: B1, C3
+//! ```
+//! Please note that views are only created for the notified blocks.
+//!
+//!
+//! ### View store.
+//! [`ViewStore`] is the helper structure that provides means to perform some actions like
+//! [`submit`] or [`submit_and_watch`] on every view. It keeps track of both active and inactive
+//! views.
+//!
+//! It also keeps tracks of the `most_recent_view` which is used to implement some methods of
+//! [TransactionPool API], see [API considerations](#api-considerations) section.
+//!
+//! ### Multi-view listeners
+//! There is a number of event streams that are provided by individual views:
+//! - [transaction status][`Watcher`],
+//! - [ready notification][`vp::import_notification_stream`] (see [networking
+//!   section](#networking)),
+//! - [dropped notification][`create_dropped_by_limits_stream`].
+//!
+//! These streams need to be merged into a single stream exposed by transaction pool (or used
+//! internally). Those aggregators are often referred as multi-view listeners and they implement
+//! stream-specific or event-specific logic.
+//!
+//! The most important is [`MultiViewListener`] which is owned by view store.
+//! More information about it is provided in [transaction
+//! route](#transaction-route-submit_and_watch) section.
+//!
+//!
+//! ### Intermediate transactions buffer: [`TxMemPool`]
+//! The main purpose of an internal [`TxMemPool`] (referred to as *mempool*) is to prevent a
+//! transaction from being lost, e.g. due to race condition when the new transaction submission
+//! occurs just before the new view is created. This could also happen when a transaction is invalid
+//! on one fork and could be valid on another which is not yet fully processed by the maintain
+//! procedure. Additionally, it allows the pool to accept transactions when no blocks have been
+//! reported yet.
+//!
+//! Since watched and non-watched transactions require a different treatment, the *mempool* keeps a
+//! track on how the transaction was submitted. The [transaction source][`TransactionSource`] used
+//! to submit transactions also needs to be kept in the *mempool*. The *mempool* transaction is a
+//! simple [wrapper][`TxInMemPool`] around the [`Arc`] reference to the actual extrinsic body.
+//!
+//! Once the view is created, all transactions from *mempool* are submitted to and validated at this
+//! view.
+//!
+//! The *mempool* removes its transactions when they get finalized. The transactions in *mempool*
+//! are also periodically verified at every finalized block and removed from the *mempool* if no
+//! longer valid. This is process is called [*mempool* revalidation](#mempool-pruningrevalidation).
+//!
+//! ## Flows
+//!
+//! The transaction pool internally is executing numerous tasks. This includes handling submitted
+//! transactions and tracking their progress, listening to [`ChainEvent`]s and executing the
+//! maintain process, which aims to provide the set of ready transactions. On the other side
+//! transaction pool provides a [`ready_at`] future that resolves to the iterator of ready
+//! transactions. On top of that pool performs background revalidation jobs.
+//!
+//! This section provides a top level overview of all flows within the fork aware transaction pool.
+//!
+//! ### Transaction route: [`submit`][`api_submit`]
+//! This flow is simple. Transaction is added to the mempool and if it is not rejected by it (due to
+//! size limits), it is also [submitted][`submit`] into every view in [`active_views`].
+//!
+//! When the newly created view does not contain this transaction yet, it is
+//! [re-submitted][ForkAwareTxPool::update_view_with_mempool] from [`TxMemPool`] into this view.
+//!
+//! ### Transaction route: [`submit_and_watch`][`api_submit_and_watch`]
+//!
+//! The [`submit_and_watch`] function allows to submit the transaction and track its
+//! [status][`TransactionStatus`] within the pool. Every view is providing an independent
+//! [stream][`View::submit_and_watch`] of events, which needs to be merged into the single stream
+//! exposed to the [external listener][`TransactionStatusStreamFor`]. For majority of events simple
+//! forwarding of events would not work (e.g. we could get multiple [`Ready`] events, or [`Ready`] /
+//! [`Future`] mix). Some additional stateful logic is required to filter and process the views'
+//! events. It is also easier to trigger some events (e.g. [`Finalized`], [`Invalid`], and
+//! [`Broadcast`]) using some side-channel and simply ignoring these events from the view. All the
+//! before mentioned functionality is provided by the [`MultiViewListener`].
+//!
+//! When watched transaction is submitted to the pool it is added the *mempool* with watched
+//! flag. The external stream for the transaction is created in a [`MultiViewListener`]. Then
+//! transaction is submitted to every active [`View`] (using
+//! [`submit_and_watch`][`View::submit_and_watch`]) and the resulting
+//! views' stream is connected to the [`MultiViewListener`].
+//!
+//! ### Maintain
+//! The transaction pool exposes the [task][`notification_future`] that listens to the
+//! finalized and best block streams and executes the [`maintain`] procedure.
+//!
+//! The [`maintain`] is the main procedure of the transaction pool. It handles incoming
+//! [`ChainEvent`]s, as described in the following two sub-sections.
+//!
+//! #### Handling the new (best) block
+//! If the new block actually needs to be handled, the following steps are
+//! executed:
+//! - [find][find_best_view] the best view and clone it to [create a new
+//! view][crate::ForkAwareTxPool::build_new_view],
+//! - [update the view][ForkAwareTxPool::update_view_with_mempool] with the transactions from the
+//!   *mempool*
+//! 	- all transactions from the *mempool* (with some obvious filtering applied) are submitted to
+//!    the view,
+//! 	- for all watched transactions from the *mempool* the watcher is registered in the new view,
+//! 	and it is connected to the multi-view-listener,
+//! - [update the view][ForkAwareTxPool::update_view_with_fork] with the transactions from the [tree
+//!   route][`TreeRoute`] (which is computed from the recent best block to newly notified one by
+//!   [enactment state][`EnactmentState`] helper):
+//! 	- resubmit the transactions from the retracted blocks,
+//! 	- prune extrinsic from the enacted blocks, and trigger [`InBlock`] events,
+//! - insert the newly created and updated view into the view store.
+//!
+//!
+//! #### Handling the finalized block
+//! The following actions are taken on every finalized block:
+//! - send [`Finalized`] events for every transactions on the finalized [tree route][`TreeRoute`],
+//! - remove all the views (both active and inactive) that are lower then finalized block from the
+//! view store,
+//! - removal of finalized transaction from the *mempool*,
+//! - trigger [*mempool* background revalidation](#mempool-pruningrevalidation).
+//! - clean up of multi-view listeners which is required to avoid ever-growing structures,
+//!
+//! ### Light maintain
+//! The [maintain](#maintain) procedure can sometimes be quite heavy, and it may not be accomplished
+//! within the time window expected by the block builder. On top of that block builder may want to
+//! build few blocks in the raw, not giving the pool enough time to accomplish possible ongoing
+//! maintain process.
+//!
+//! To address this, there is a [light version][`ready_at_light`] of the maintain procedure. It
+//! [finds the best view][find_best_view], clones it and prunes all the transactions that were
+//! included in enacted part of [tree route][`TreeRoute`] from the base view to the block at which a
+//! ready iterator was requested. No new [transaction validations][runtime_api::validate] are
+//! required to accomplish it.
+//!
+//! ### Providing ready transactions: `ready_at`
+//! The [`ready_at`] function returns a [future][`crate::PolledIterator`] that resolves to the
+//! [ready transactions iterator][`ReadyTransactions`]. The block builder shall wait either for the
+//! future to be resolved or for timeout to be hit. To avoid building empty blocks in case of
+//! timeout, the waiting for timeout functionality was moved into the transaction pool, and new API
+//! function was added: [`ready_at_with_timeout`]. This function also provides a fall back ready
+//! iterator which is result of [light maintain](#light-maintain).
+//!
+//! New function internally waits either for [maintain](#maintain) process triggered for requested
+//! block to be accomplished or for the timeout. If timeout hits then the result of [light
+//! maintain](#light-maintain) is returned. Light maintain is always executed at the beginning of
+//! [`ready_at_with_timeout`] to make sure that it is available w/ o additional delay.
+//!
+//! If the maintain process for the requested block was accomplished before the `ready_at` functions
+//! are called both of them immediately provide the ready transactions iterator (which is simply
+//! requested on the appropriate instance of the [`View`]).
+//!
+//! The little [`ReadyPoll`] helper contained within [`ForkAwareTxPool`] as ([`ready_poll`])
+//! implements the futures management.
+//!
+//! ### Background tasks
+//! The [maintain](#maintain) procedure shall be as quick as possible, so heavy revalidation job is
+//! delegated to the background worker. These includes view and *mempool* revalidation which are
+//! both handled by the [`RevalidationQueue`] which simply sends revalidation requests to the
+//! background thread.
+//!
+//! ####  View revalidation
+//! View revalidation is performed in the background thread. Revalidation is executed for every
+//! view. All the transaction from the view are [revalidated][`view::revalidate`].
+//!
+//! The fork-aware pool utilizes two threads to execute maintain and revalidation process
+//! exclusively, ensuring maintain performance without overlapping with revalidation.
+//!
+//! The view revalidation process is [triggered][`start_background_revalidation`] at the very end of
+//! the [maintain][`maintain`] process, and [stopped][`finish_background_revalidations`] at the
+//! very beginning of the next maintenance execution (upon the next [`ChainEvent`] reception). The
+//! results from the revalidation are immediately applied once the revalidation is
+//! [terminated][crate::fork_aware_txpool::view::View::finish_revalidation].
+//! ```text
+//!                time: ---------------------->
+//!  maintenance thread: M----M------M--M-M---
+//! revalidation thread: -RRRR-RR-----RR-R-RRR
+//! ```
+//!
+//! ####  Mempool pruning/revalidation
+//! Transactions within *mempool* are constantly revalidated in the background. The
+//! [revalidation][`mp::revalidate`] is performed in [batches][`batch_size`], and transactions that
+//! were validated as latest, are revalidated first in the next iteration. The revalidation is
+//! triggered on every finalized block. If a transaction is found to be invalid, the [`Invalid`]
+//! event is sent and transaction is removed from the *mempool*.
+//!
+//! NOTE: There is one exception: if transaction is referenced by any view as ready, then it is
+//! removed from the *mempool*, but not removed from the view. The [`Invalid`] event is not sent.
+//! This case is not likely to happen, however it may need some extra attention.
+//!
+//! ### Networking
+//! The pool is exposing [`ImportNotificationStream`][`import_notification_stream`], the dedicated
+//! channel over which all ready transactions are notified. Internally this channel needs to merge
+//! all ready events from every view. This functionality is implemented by
+//! [`MultiViewImportNotificationSink`].
+//!
+//! The networking module is utilizing this channel to receive info about new ready transactions
+//! which later will be propagated over the network. On the other side, when a transaction is
+//! received networking submits transaction to the pool using [`submit`][`api_submit`].
+//!
+//! ### Handling invalid transactions
+//! Refer to *mempool* revalidation [section](#mempool-pruningrevalidation).
+//!
+//! ## Pool limits
+//! Every [`View`] has the [limits][`Options`] for the number or size of transactions it can hold.
+//! Obviously the number of transactions in every view is not distributed equally, so some views
+//! might be fully filled while others not.
+//!
+//! On the other hand the size of internal *mempool* shall also be capped, but transactions that are
+//! still referenced by views should not be removed.
+//!
+//! When the [`View`] is at its limits, it can either reject the transaction during
+//! submission process, or it can accept the transaction and drop different transaction which is
+//! already in the pool during the [`enforce_limits`][`vp::enforce_limits`] process.
+//!
+//! The [`StreamOfDropped`] stream aggregating [per-view][`create_dropped_by_limits_stream`] streams
+//! allows to monitor the transactions that were dropped by all the views (or dropped by some views
+//! while not referenced by the others), what means that transaction can also be
+//! [removed][`dropped_monitor_task`] from the *mempool*.
+//!
+//!
+//! ## API Considerations
+//! Refer to github issue: <https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/5491>
+//!
+//! [`View`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view::View
+//! [`view::revalidate`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view::View::revalidate
+//! [`start_background_revalidation`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view::View::start_background_revalidation
+//! [`View::submit_and_watch`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view::View::submit_and_watch
+//! [`ViewStore`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view_store::ViewStore
+//! [`finish_background_revalidations`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view_store::ViewStore::finish_background_revalidations
+//! [find_best_view]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view_store::ViewStore::find_best_view
+//! [`active_views`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view_store::ViewStore::active_views
+//! [`inactive_views`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::view_store::ViewStore::inactive_views
+//! [`TxMemPool`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::tx_mem_pool::TxMemPool
+//! [`mp::revalidate`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::tx_mem_pool::TxMemPool::revalidate
+//! [`batch_size`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::tx_mem_pool::TXMEMPOOL_MAX_REVALIDATION_BATCH_SIZE
+//! [`TxInMemPool`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::tx_mem_pool::TxInMemPool
+//! [`MultiViewListener`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::multi_view_listener::MultiViewListener
+//! [`Pool`]: crate::graph::Pool
+//! [`Watcher`]: crate::graph::watcher::Watcher
+//! [`Options`]: crate::graph::Options
+//! [`vp::import_notification_stream`]: ../graph/validated_pool/struct.ValidatedPool.html#method.import_notification_stream
+//! [`vp::enforce_limits`]: ../graph/validated_pool/struct.ValidatedPool.html#method.enforce_limits
+//! [`create_dropped_by_limits_stream`]: ../graph/validated_pool/struct.ValidatedPool.html#method.create_dropped_by_limits_stream
+//! [`ChainEvent`]: sc_transaction_pool_api::ChainEvent
+//! [`TransactionStatusStreamFor`]: sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatusStreamFor
+//! [`api_submit`]: sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool::submit_at
+//! [`api_submit_and_watch`]: sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool::submit_and_watch
+//! [`ready_at_with_timeout`]: sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool::ready_at_with_timeout
+//! [`TransactionSource`]: sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionSource
+//! [TransactionPool API]: sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool
+//! [`TransactionStatus`]:sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus
+//! [`Ready`]:sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus::Ready
+//! [`Future`]:sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus::Future
+//! [`Broadcast`]:sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus::Broadcast
+//! [`Invalid`]:sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus::Invalid
+//! [`InBlock`]:sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus::InBlock
+//! [`Finalized`]:sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus::Finalized
+//! [`ReadyTransactions`]:sc_transaction_pool_api::ReadyTransactions
+//! [`dropped_monitor_task`]: ForkAwareTxPool::dropped_monitor_task
+//! [`ready_poll`]: ForkAwareTxPool::ready_poll
+//! [`ready_at_light`]: ForkAwareTxPool::ready_at_light
+//! [`ready_at`]: ../struct.ForkAwareTxPool.html#method.ready_at
+//! [`import_notification_stream`]: ../struct.ForkAwareTxPool.html#method.import_notification_stream
+//! [`maintain`]: ../struct.ForkAwareTxPool.html#method.maintain
+//! [`submit`]: ../struct.ForkAwareTxPool.html#method.submit_at
+//! [`submit_and_watch`]: ../struct.ForkAwareTxPool.html#method.submit_and_watch
+//! [`ReadyPoll`]: ../fork_aware_txpool/fork_aware_txpool/struct.ReadyPoll.html
+//! [`TreeRoute`]: sp_blockchain::TreeRoute
+//! [runtime_api::validate]: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue::validate_transaction
+//! [`notification_future`]: crate::common::notification_future
+//! [`EnactmentState`]: crate::common::enactment_state::EnactmentState
+//! [`MultiViewImportNotificationSink`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::import_notification_sink::MultiViewImportNotificationSink
+//! [`RevalidationQueue`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::revalidation_worker::RevalidationQueue
+//! [`StreamOfDropped`]: crate::fork_aware_txpool::dropped_watcher::StreamOfDropped
+//! [`Arc`]: std::sync::Arc
+
+mod dropped_watcher;
+pub(crate) mod fork_aware_txpool;
+mod import_notification_sink;
+mod metrics;
+mod multi_view_listener;
+mod revalidation_worker;
+mod tx_mem_pool;
+mod view;
+mod view_store;
+
+pub use fork_aware_txpool::{ForkAwareTxPool, ForkAwareTxPoolTask};
+
+mod stream_map_util {
+	use futures::Stream;
+	use std::marker::Unpin;
+	use tokio_stream::StreamMap;
+
+	pub async fn next_event<K, V>(
+		stream_map: &mut StreamMap<K, V>,
+	) -> Option<(K, <V as Stream>::Item)>
+	where
+		K: Clone + Unpin,
+		V: Stream + Unpin,
+	{
+		if stream_map.is_empty() {
+			// yield pending to prevent busy-loop on an empty map
+			futures::pending!()
+		}
+
+		futures::StreamExt::next(stream_map).await
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/multi_view_listener.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/multi_view_listener.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8d0e69db2e9ac3e81f07d3d7b3bb8390f422442d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/multi_view_listener.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,736 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! `MultiViewListener` and `ExternalWatcherContext` manage view streams and status updates for
+//! transactions, providing control commands to manage transaction states, and create external
+//! aggregated streams of transaction events.
+
+use crate::{
+	fork_aware_txpool::stream_map_util::next_event,
+	graph::{self, BlockHash, ExtrinsicHash},
+	LOG_TARGET,
+};
+use futures::StreamExt;
+use log::{debug, trace};
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{TransactionStatus, TransactionStatusStream, TxIndex};
+use sc_utils::mpsc;
+use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
+use std::{
+	collections::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap, HashSet},
+	pin::Pin,
+};
+use tokio_stream::StreamMap;
+
+/// A side channel allowing to control the external stream instance (one per transaction) with
+/// [`ControllerCommand`].
+///
+/// Set of instances of [`Controller`] lives within the [`MultiViewListener`].
+type Controller<T> = mpsc::TracingUnboundedSender<T>;
+
+/// A receiver of [`ControllerCommand`] instances allowing to control the external stream.
+///
+/// Lives within the [`ExternalWatcherContext`] instance.
+type CommandReceiver<T> = mpsc::TracingUnboundedReceiver<T>;
+
+/// The stream of the transaction events.
+///
+/// It can represent both a single view's stream and an external watcher stream.
+pub type TxStatusStream<T> = Pin<Box<TransactionStatusStream<ExtrinsicHash<T>, BlockHash<T>>>>;
+
+/// Commands to control the single external stream living within the multi view listener.
+enum ControllerCommand<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> {
+	/// Adds a new stream of transaction statuses originating in the view associated with a
+	/// specific block hash.
+	AddViewStream(BlockHash<ChainApi>, TxStatusStream<ChainApi>),
+
+	/// Removes an existing view's stream associated with a specific block hash.
+	RemoveViewStream(BlockHash<ChainApi>),
+
+	/// Marks a transaction as invalidated.
+	///
+	/// If all pre-conditions are met, an external invalid event will be sent out.
+	TransactionInvalidated,
+
+	/// Notifies that a transaction was finalized in a specific block hash and transaction index.
+	///
+	/// Send out an external finalized event.
+	FinalizeTransaction(BlockHash<ChainApi>, TxIndex),
+
+	/// Notifies that a transaction was broadcasted with a list of peer addresses.
+	///
+	/// Sends out an external broadcasted event.
+	TransactionBroadcasted(Vec<String>),
+
+	/// Notifies that a transaction was dropped from the pool.
+	///
+	/// If all preconditions are met, an external dropped event will be sent out.
+	TransactionDropped,
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi> std::fmt::Debug for ControllerCommand<ChainApi>
+where
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi,
+{
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+		match self {
+			ControllerCommand::AddViewStream(h, _) => write!(f, "ListenerAction::AddView({h})"),
+			ControllerCommand::RemoveViewStream(h) => write!(f, "ListenerAction::RemoveView({h})"),
+			ControllerCommand::TransactionInvalidated => {
+				write!(f, "ListenerAction::TransactionInvalidated")
+			},
+			ControllerCommand::FinalizeTransaction(h, i) => {
+				write!(f, "ListenerAction::FinalizeTransaction({h},{i})")
+			},
+			ControllerCommand::TransactionBroadcasted(_) => {
+				write!(f, "ListenerAction::TransactionBroadcasted(...)")
+			},
+			ControllerCommand::TransactionDropped => {
+				write!(f, "ListenerAction::TransactionDropped")
+			},
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// This struct allows to create and control listener for multiple transactions.
+///
+/// For every transaction the view's stream generating its own events can be added. The events are
+/// flattened and sent out to the external listener. (The *external*  term here means that it can be
+/// exposed to [`sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool`] API client e.g. over RPC.)
+///
+/// The listener allows to add and remove view's stream (per transaction).
+///
+/// The listener provides a side channel that allows triggering specific events (finalized, dropped,
+/// invalid) independently of the view's stream.
+pub struct MultiViewListener<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> {
+	/// Provides the set of controllers for the events streams corresponding to individual
+	/// transactions identified by transaction hashes.
+	controllers: parking_lot::RwLock<
+		HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, Controller<ControllerCommand<ChainApi>>>,
+	>,
+}
+
+/// The external stream unfolding context.
+///
+/// This context is used to unfold the external events stream for a single transaction, it
+/// facilitates the logic of converting single view's events to the external events stream.
+struct ExternalWatcherContext<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> {
+	/// The hash of the transaction being monitored within this context.
+	tx_hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+	/// A stream map of transaction status streams coming from individual views, keyed by
+	/// block hash associated with view.
+	status_stream_map: StreamMap<BlockHash<ChainApi>, TxStatusStream<ChainApi>>,
+	/// A receiver for controller commands.
+	command_receiver: CommandReceiver<ControllerCommand<ChainApi>>,
+	/// A flag indicating whether the context should terminate.
+	terminate: bool,
+	/// A flag indicating if a `Future` status has been encountered.
+	future_seen: bool,
+	/// A flag indicating if a `Ready` status has been encountered.
+	ready_seen: bool,
+
+	/// A hash set of block hashes from views that consider the transaction valid.
+	views_keeping_tx_valid: HashSet<BlockHash<ChainApi>>,
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> ExternalWatcherContext<ChainApi>
+where
+	<<ChainApi as graph::ChainApi>::Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Creates new `ExternalWatcherContext` for particular transaction identified by `tx_hash`
+	///
+	/// The `command_receiver` is a side channel for receiving controller's commands.
+	fn new(
+		tx_hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+		command_receiver: CommandReceiver<ControllerCommand<ChainApi>>,
+	) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			tx_hash,
+			status_stream_map: StreamMap::new(),
+			command_receiver,
+			terminate: false,
+			future_seen: false,
+			ready_seen: false,
+			views_keeping_tx_valid: Default::default(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Handles various transaction status updates and manages internal states based on the status.
+	///
+	/// Function may set the context termination flag, which will close the stream.
+	///
+	/// Returns `Some` with the `event` to forward or `None`.
+	fn handle(
+		&mut self,
+		status: TransactionStatus<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, BlockHash<ChainApi>>,
+		hash: BlockHash<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Option<TransactionStatus<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, BlockHash<ChainApi>>> {
+		trace!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] mvl handle event from {hash:?}: {status:?} views:{:?}", self.tx_hash,
+			self.status_stream_map.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>()
+		);
+		match status {
+			TransactionStatus::Future => {
+				self.views_keeping_tx_valid.insert(hash);
+				if self.ready_seen || self.future_seen {
+					None
+				} else {
+					self.future_seen = true;
+					Some(status)
+				}
+			},
+			TransactionStatus::Ready => {
+				self.views_keeping_tx_valid.insert(hash);
+				if self.ready_seen {
+					None
+				} else {
+					self.ready_seen = true;
+					Some(status)
+				}
+			},
+			TransactionStatus::Broadcast(_) => None,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((..)) => {
+				self.views_keeping_tx_valid.insert(hash);
+				if !(self.ready_seen || self.future_seen) {
+					self.ready_seen = true;
+					Some(status)
+				} else {
+					Some(status)
+				}
+			},
+			TransactionStatus::Retracted(_) => None,
+			TransactionStatus::FinalityTimeout(_) => Some(status),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized(_) => {
+				self.terminate = true;
+				Some(status)
+			},
+			TransactionStatus::Usurped(_) |
+			TransactionStatus::Dropped |
+			TransactionStatus::Invalid => None,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Handles transaction invalidation sent via side channel.
+	///
+	/// Function may set the context termination flag, which will close the stream.
+	///
+	/// Returns true if the event should be sent out, and false if the invalidation request should
+	/// be skipped.
+	fn handle_invalidate_transaction(&mut self) -> bool {
+		let keys = HashSet::<BlockHash<ChainApi>>::from_iter(
+			self.status_stream_map.keys().map(Clone::clone),
+		);
+		trace!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"[{:?}] got invalidate_transaction: views:{:?}", self.tx_hash,
+			self.status_stream_map.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>()
+		);
+		if self.views_keeping_tx_valid.is_disjoint(&keys) {
+			self.terminate = true;
+			true
+		} else {
+			//todo [#5477]
+			// - handle corner case:  this may happen when tx is invalid for mempool, but somehow
+			//   some view still sees it as ready/future. In that case we don't send the invalid
+			//   event, as transaction can still be included. Probably we should set some flag here
+			//   and allow for invalid sent from the view.
+			// - add debug / metrics,
+			false
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Adds a new transaction status stream.
+	///
+	/// Inserts a new view's transaction status stream associated with a specific block hash into
+	/// the stream map.
+	fn add_stream(&mut self, block_hash: BlockHash<ChainApi>, stream: TxStatusStream<ChainApi>) {
+		self.status_stream_map.insert(block_hash, stream);
+		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] AddView view: {:?} views:{:?}", self.tx_hash, block_hash, self.status_stream_map.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	}
+
+	/// Removes an existing transaction status stream.
+	///
+	/// Removes a transaction status stream associated with a specific block hash from the
+	/// stream map.
+	fn remove_view(&mut self, block_hash: BlockHash<ChainApi>) {
+		self.status_stream_map.remove(&block_hash);
+		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] RemoveView view: {:?} views:{:?}", self.tx_hash, block_hash, self.status_stream_map.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	}
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi> MultiViewListener<ChainApi>
+where
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi + 'static,
+	<<ChainApi as graph::ChainApi>::Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Creates new instance of `MultiViewListener`.
+	pub fn new() -> Self {
+		Self { controllers: Default::default() }
+	}
+
+	/// Creates an external aggregated stream of events for given transaction.
+	///
+	/// This method initializes an `ExternalWatcherContext` for the provided transaction hash, sets
+	/// up the necessary communication channels, and unfolds an external (meaning that it can be
+	/// exposed to [`sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool`] API client e.g. rpc) stream of
+	/// transaction status events. If an external watcher is already present for the given
+	/// transaction, it returns `None`.
+	pub(crate) fn create_external_watcher_for_tx(
+		&self,
+		tx_hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Option<TxStatusStream<ChainApi>> {
+		let mut controllers = self.controllers.write();
+		if controllers.contains_key(&tx_hash) {
+			return None
+		}
+
+		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] create_external_watcher_for_tx", tx_hash);
+
+		let (tx, rx) = mpsc::tracing_unbounded("txpool-multi-view-listener", 32);
+		controllers.insert(tx_hash, tx);
+
+		let ctx = ExternalWatcherContext::new(tx_hash, rx);
+
+		Some(
+			futures::stream::unfold(ctx, |mut ctx| async move {
+				if ctx.terminate {
+					return None
+				}
+				loop {
+					tokio::select! {
+						biased;
+						Some((view_hash, status)) =  next_event(&mut ctx.status_stream_map) => {
+							if let Some(new_status) = ctx.handle(status, view_hash) {
+								log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] mvl sending out: {new_status:?}", ctx.tx_hash);
+								return Some((new_status, ctx))
+							}
+						},
+						cmd = ctx.command_receiver.next() => {
+							log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] select::rx views:{:?}",
+								ctx.tx_hash,
+								ctx.status_stream_map.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>()
+							);
+							match cmd? {
+								ControllerCommand::AddViewStream(h,stream) => {
+									ctx.add_stream(h, stream);
+								},
+								ControllerCommand::RemoveViewStream(h) => {
+									ctx.remove_view(h);
+								},
+								ControllerCommand::TransactionInvalidated => {
+									if ctx.handle_invalidate_transaction() {
+										log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] mvl sending out: Invalid", ctx.tx_hash);
+										return Some((TransactionStatus::Invalid, ctx))
+									}
+								},
+								ControllerCommand::FinalizeTransaction(block, index) => {
+									log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] mvl sending out: Finalized", ctx.tx_hash);
+									ctx.terminate = true;
+									return Some((TransactionStatus::Finalized((block, index)), ctx))
+								},
+								ControllerCommand::TransactionBroadcasted(peers) => {
+									log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] mvl sending out: Broadcasted", ctx.tx_hash);
+									return Some((TransactionStatus::Broadcast(peers), ctx))
+								},
+								ControllerCommand::TransactionDropped => {
+									log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] mvl sending out: Dropped", ctx.tx_hash);
+									ctx.terminate = true;
+									return Some((TransactionStatus::Dropped, ctx))
+								},
+							}
+						},
+					};
+				}
+			})
+			.boxed(),
+		)
+	}
+
+	/// Adds a view's transaction status stream for particular transaction.
+	///
+	/// This method sends a `AddViewStream` command to the controller of each transaction to
+	/// remove the view's stream corresponding to the given block hash.
+	pub(crate) fn add_view_watcher_for_tx(
+		&self,
+		tx_hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+		block_hash: BlockHash<ChainApi>,
+		stream: TxStatusStream<ChainApi>,
+	) {
+		let mut controllers = self.controllers.write();
+
+		if let Entry::Occupied(mut tx) = controllers.entry(tx_hash) {
+			if let Err(e) = tx
+				.get_mut()
+				.unbounded_send(ControllerCommand::AddViewStream(block_hash, stream))
+			{
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] add_view_watcher_for_tx: send message failed: {:?}", tx_hash, e);
+				tx.remove();
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Removes a view's stream associated with a specific view hash across all transactions.
+	///
+	/// This method sends a `RemoveViewStream` command to the controller of each transaction to
+	/// remove the view's stream corresponding to the given block hash.
+	pub(crate) fn remove_view(&self, block_hash: BlockHash<ChainApi>) {
+		self.controllers.write().retain(|tx_hash, sender| {
+			sender
+				.unbounded_send(ControllerCommand::RemoveViewStream(block_hash))
+				.map_err(|e| {
+					log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] remove_view: send message failed: {:?}", tx_hash, e);
+					e
+				})
+				.is_ok()
+		});
+	}
+
+	/// Invalidate given transaction.
+	///
+	/// This method sends a `TransactionInvalidated` command to the controller of each transaction
+	/// provided to process the invalidation request.
+	///
+	/// The external event will be sent if no view is referencing the transaction as `Ready` or
+	/// `Future`.
+	pub(crate) fn invalidate_transactions(&self, invalid_hashes: &[ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>]) {
+		let mut controllers = self.controllers.write();
+		invalid_hashes.iter().for_each(|tx_hash| {
+			if let Entry::Occupied(mut tx) = controllers.entry(*tx_hash) {
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] invalidate_transaction", tx_hash);
+				if let Err(e) =
+					tx.get_mut().unbounded_send(ControllerCommand::TransactionInvalidated)
+				{
+					trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] invalidate_transaction: send message failed: {:?}", tx_hash, e);
+					tx.remove();
+				}
+			}
+		});
+	}
+
+	/// Send `Broadcasted` event to listeners of all transactions.
+	///
+	/// This method sends a `TransactionBroadcasted` command to the controller of each transaction
+	/// provided prompting the external `Broadcasted` event.
+	pub(crate) fn transactions_broadcasted(
+		&self,
+		propagated: HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, Vec<String>>,
+	) {
+		let mut controllers = self.controllers.write();
+		propagated.into_iter().for_each(|(tx_hash, peers)| {
+			if let Entry::Occupied(mut tx) = controllers.entry(tx_hash) {
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] transaction_broadcasted", tx_hash);
+				if let Err(e) = tx.get_mut().unbounded_send(ControllerCommand::TransactionBroadcasted(peers)) {
+					trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] transactions_broadcasted: send message failed: {:?}", tx_hash, e);
+					tx.remove();
+				}
+			}
+		});
+	}
+
+	/// Send `Dropped` event to listeners of transactions.
+	///
+	/// This method sends a `TransactionDropped` command to the controller of each requested
+	/// transaction prompting and external `Broadcasted` event.
+	pub(crate) fn transactions_dropped(&self, dropped: &[ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>]) {
+		let mut controllers = self.controllers.write();
+		debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "mvl::transactions_dropped: {:?}", dropped);
+		for tx_hash in dropped {
+			if let Some(tx) = controllers.remove(&tx_hash) {
+				debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] transaction_dropped", tx_hash);
+				if let Err(e) = tx.unbounded_send(ControllerCommand::TransactionDropped) {
+					trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] transactions_dropped: send message failed: {:?}", tx_hash, e);
+				};
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Send `Finalized` event for given transaction at given block.
+	///
+	/// This will send `Finalized` event to the external watcher.
+	pub(crate) fn finalize_transaction(
+		&self,
+		tx_hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+		block: BlockHash<ChainApi>,
+		idx: TxIndex,
+	) {
+		let mut controllers = self.controllers.write();
+		if let Some(tx) = controllers.remove(&tx_hash) {
+			trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] finalize_transaction", tx_hash);
+			if let Err(e) = tx.unbounded_send(ControllerCommand::FinalizeTransaction(block, idx)) {
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] finalize_transaction: send message failed: {:?}", tx_hash, e);
+			}
+		};
+	}
+
+	/// Removes stale controllers.
+	pub(crate) fn remove_stale_controllers(&self) {
+		self.controllers.write().retain(|_, c| !c.is_closed());
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::common::tests::TestApi;
+	use futures::{stream, StreamExt};
+	use sp_core::H256;
+
+	type MultiViewListener = super::MultiViewListener<TestApi>;
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test01() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let listener = MultiViewListener::new();
+
+		let block_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let events = vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash, 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((block_hash, 0)),
+		];
+
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+		let external_watcher = listener.create_external_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash).unwrap();
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { external_watcher.collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+
+		let view_stream = futures::stream::iter(events.clone());
+
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash, block_hash, view_stream.boxed());
+
+		let out = handle.await.unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(out, events);
+		log::debug!("out: {:#?}", out);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test02() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let listener = MultiViewListener::new();
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let events0 = vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Future,
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash0, 0)),
+		];
+
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let events1 = vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((block_hash1, 0)),
+		];
+
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+		let external_watcher = listener.create_external_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash).unwrap();
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(events0.clone());
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(events1.clone());
+
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { external_watcher.collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash, block_hash0, view_stream0.boxed());
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash, block_hash1, view_stream1.boxed());
+
+		let out = handle.await.unwrap();
+
+		log::debug!("out: {:#?}", out);
+		assert!(out.iter().all(|v| vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Future,
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash0, 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((block_hash1, 0)),
+		]
+		.contains(v)));
+		assert_eq!(out.len(), 5);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test03() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let listener = MultiViewListener::new();
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let events0 = vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Future,
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash0, 0)),
+		];
+
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let events1 = vec![TransactionStatus::Future];
+
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+		let external_watcher = listener.create_external_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash).unwrap();
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { external_watcher.collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(events0.clone());
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(events1.clone());
+
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash, block_hash0, view_stream0.boxed());
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash, block_hash1, view_stream1.boxed());
+
+		listener.invalidate_transactions(&[tx_hash]);
+
+		let out = handle.await.unwrap();
+		log::debug!("out: {:#?}", out);
+		assert!(out.iter().all(|v| vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Future,
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash0, 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Invalid
+		]
+		.contains(v)));
+		assert_eq!(out.len(), 4);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test032() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let listener = MultiViewListener::new();
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let events0_tx0 = vec![TransactionStatus::Future];
+		let events0_tx1 = vec![TransactionStatus::Ready];
+
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let events1_tx0 =
+			vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 0))];
+		let events1_tx1 = vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 1)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((block_hash1, 1)),
+		];
+
+		let tx0_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+		let tx1_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0b);
+		let external_watcher_tx0 = listener.create_external_watcher_for_tx(tx0_hash).unwrap();
+		let external_watcher_tx1 = listener.create_external_watcher_for_tx(tx1_hash).unwrap();
+
+		let handle0 = tokio::spawn(async move { external_watcher_tx0.collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+		let handle1 = tokio::spawn(async move { external_watcher_tx1.collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+
+		let view0_tx0_stream = futures::stream::iter(events0_tx0.clone());
+		let view0_tx1_stream = futures::stream::iter(events0_tx1.clone());
+
+		let view1_tx0_stream = futures::stream::iter(events1_tx0.clone());
+		let view1_tx1_stream = futures::stream::iter(events1_tx1.clone());
+
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx0_hash, block_hash0, view0_tx0_stream.boxed());
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx0_hash, block_hash1, view1_tx0_stream.boxed());
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx1_hash, block_hash0, view0_tx1_stream.boxed());
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx1_hash, block_hash1, view1_tx1_stream.boxed());
+
+		listener.invalidate_transactions(&[tx0_hash]);
+		listener.invalidate_transactions(&[tx1_hash]);
+
+		let out_tx0 = handle0.await.unwrap();
+		let out_tx1 = handle1.await.unwrap();
+
+		log::debug!("out_tx0: {:#?}", out_tx0);
+		log::debug!("out_tx1: {:#?}", out_tx1);
+		assert!(out_tx0.iter().all(|v| vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Future,
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Invalid
+		]
+		.contains(v)));
+
+		assert!(out_tx1.iter().all(|v| vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash1, 1)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((block_hash1, 1))
+		]
+		.contains(v)));
+		assert_eq!(out_tx0.len(), 4);
+		assert_eq!(out_tx1.len(), 3);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test04() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let listener = MultiViewListener::new();
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let events0 = vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Future,
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash0, 0)),
+		];
+
+		let block_hash1 = H256::repeat_byte(0x02);
+		let events1 = vec![TransactionStatus::Future];
+
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+		let external_watcher = listener.create_external_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash).unwrap();
+
+		//views will keep transaction valid, invalidation shall not happen
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(events0.clone()).chain(stream::pending().boxed());
+		let view_stream1 = futures::stream::iter(events1.clone()).chain(stream::pending().boxed());
+
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
+			// views are still there, we need to fetch 3 events
+			external_watcher.take(3).collect::<Vec<_>>().await
+		});
+
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash, block_hash0, view_stream0.boxed());
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash, block_hash1, view_stream1.boxed());
+
+		listener.invalidate_transactions(&[tx_hash]);
+
+		let out = handle.await.unwrap();
+		log::debug!("out: {:#?}", out);
+
+		// invalid shall not be sent
+		assert!(out.iter().all(|v| vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Future,
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((block_hash0, 0)),
+		]
+		.contains(v)));
+		assert_eq!(out.len(), 3);
+	}
+
+	#[tokio::test]
+	async fn test05() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let listener = MultiViewListener::new();
+
+		let block_hash0 = H256::repeat_byte(0x01);
+		let events0 = vec![TransactionStatus::Invalid];
+
+		let tx_hash = H256::repeat_byte(0x0a);
+		let external_watcher = listener.create_external_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash).unwrap();
+		let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { external_watcher.collect::<Vec<_>>().await });
+
+		let view_stream0 = futures::stream::iter(events0.clone()).chain(stream::pending().boxed());
+
+		// Note: this generates actual Invalid event.
+		// Invalid event from View's stream is intentionally ignored.
+		listener.invalidate_transactions(&[tx_hash]);
+
+		listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash, block_hash0, view_stream0.boxed());
+
+		let out = handle.await.unwrap();
+		log::debug!("out: {:#?}", out);
+
+		assert!(out.iter().all(|v| vec![TransactionStatus::Invalid].contains(v)));
+		assert_eq!(out.len(), 1);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/revalidation_worker.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/revalidation_worker.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9464ab3f5766706fb8e2d85a3219123332ba2d57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/revalidation_worker.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! The background worker for the [`View`] and [`TxMemPool`] revalidation.
+//!
+//! The [*Background tasks*](../index.html#background-tasks) section provides some extra details on
+//! revalidation process.
+
+use std::{marker::PhantomData, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
+
+use crate::{graph::ChainApi, LOG_TARGET};
+use sc_utils::mpsc::{tracing_unbounded, TracingUnboundedReceiver, TracingUnboundedSender};
+use sp_blockchain::HashAndNumber;
+use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
+
+use super::tx_mem_pool::TxMemPool;
+use futures::prelude::*;
+
+use super::view::{FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels, View};
+
+/// Revalidation request payload sent from the queue to the worker.
+enum WorkerPayload<Api, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Api: ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+{
+	/// Request to revalidated the given instance of the [`View`]
+	///
+	/// Communication channels with maintain thread are also provided.
+	RevalidateView(Arc<View<Api>>, FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels<Api>),
+	/// Request to revalidated the given instance of the [`TxMemPool`] at provided block hash.
+	RevalidateMempool(Arc<TxMemPool<Api, Block>>, HashAndNumber<Block>),
+}
+
+/// The background revalidation worker.
+struct RevalidationWorker<Block: BlockT> {
+	_phantom: PhantomData<Block>,
+}
+
+impl<Block> RevalidationWorker<Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Create a new instance of the background worker.
+	fn new() -> Self {
+		Self { _phantom: Default::default() }
+	}
+
+	/// A background worker main loop.
+	///
+	/// Waits for and dispatches the [`WorkerPayload`] messages sent from the
+	/// [`RevalidationQueue`].
+	pub async fn run<Api: ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static>(
+		self,
+		from_queue: TracingUnboundedReceiver<WorkerPayload<Api, Block>>,
+	) {
+		let mut from_queue = from_queue.fuse();
+
+		loop {
+			let Some(payload) = from_queue.next().await else {
+				// R.I.P. worker!
+				break;
+			};
+			match payload {
+				WorkerPayload::RevalidateView(view, worker_channels) =>
+					view.revalidate(worker_channels).await,
+				WorkerPayload::RevalidateMempool(mempool, finalized_hash_and_number) =>
+					mempool.revalidate(finalized_hash_and_number).await,
+			};
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// A Revalidation queue.
+///
+/// Allows to send the revalidation requests to the [`RevalidationWorker`].
+pub struct RevalidationQueue<Api, Block>
+where
+	Api: ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+	Block: BlockT,
+{
+	background: Option<TracingUnboundedSender<WorkerPayload<Api, Block>>>,
+}
+
+impl<Api, Block> RevalidationQueue<Api, Block>
+where
+	Api: ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+	Block: BlockT,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// New revalidation queue without background worker.
+	///
+	/// All validation requests will be blocking.
+	pub fn new() -> Self {
+		Self { background: None }
+	}
+
+	/// New revalidation queue with background worker.
+	///
+	/// All validation requests will be executed in the background.
+	pub fn new_with_worker() -> (Self, Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>) {
+		let (to_worker, from_queue) = tracing_unbounded("mpsc_revalidation_queue", 100_000);
+		(Self { background: Some(to_worker) }, RevalidationWorker::new().run(from_queue).boxed())
+	}
+
+	/// Queue the view for later revalidation.
+	///
+	/// If the queue is configured with background worker, this will return immediately.
+	/// If the queue is configured without background worker, this will resolve after
+	/// revalidation is actually done.
+	///
+	/// Schedules execution of the [`View::revalidate`].
+	pub async fn revalidate_view(
+		&self,
+		view: Arc<View<Api>>,
+		finish_revalidation_worker_channels: FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels<Api>,
+	) {
+		log::trace!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"revalidation_queue::revalidate_view: Sending view to revalidation queue at {}",
+			view.at.hash
+		);
+
+		if let Some(ref to_worker) = self.background {
+			if let Err(e) = to_worker.unbounded_send(WorkerPayload::RevalidateView(
+				view,
+				finish_revalidation_worker_channels,
+			)) {
+				log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "revalidation_queue::revalidate_view: Failed to update background worker: {:?}", e);
+			}
+		} else {
+			view.revalidate(finish_revalidation_worker_channels).await
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Revalidates the given mempool instance.
+	///
+	/// If queue configured with background worker, this will return immediately.
+	/// If queue configured without background worker, this will resolve after
+	/// revalidation is actually done.
+	///
+	/// Schedules execution of the [`TxMemPool::revalidate`].
+	pub async fn revalidate_mempool(
+		&self,
+		mempool: Arc<TxMemPool<Api, Block>>,
+		finalized_hash: HashAndNumber<Block>,
+	) {
+		log::trace!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"Sent mempool to revalidation queue at hash: {:?}",
+			finalized_hash
+		);
+
+		if let Some(ref to_worker) = self.background {
+			if let Err(e) =
+				to_worker.unbounded_send(WorkerPayload::RevalidateMempool(mempool, finalized_hash))
+			{
+				log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Failed to update background worker: {:?}", e);
+			}
+		} else {
+			mempool.revalidate(finalized_hash).await
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+//todo: add more tests [#5480]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::{
+		common::tests::{uxt, TestApi},
+		fork_aware_txpool::view::FinishRevalidationLocalChannels,
+	};
+	use futures::executor::block_on;
+	use sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionSource;
+	use substrate_test_runtime::{AccountId, Transfer, H256};
+	use substrate_test_runtime_client::AccountKeyring::Alice;
+	#[test]
+	fn revalidation_queue_works() {
+		let api = Arc::new(TestApi::default());
+		let block0 = api.expect_hash_and_number(0);
+
+		let view = Arc::new(View::new(
+			api.clone(),
+			block0,
+			Default::default(),
+			Default::default(),
+			false.into(),
+		));
+		let queue = Arc::new(RevalidationQueue::new());
+
+		let uxt = uxt(Transfer {
+			from: Alice.into(),
+			to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+			amount: 5,
+			nonce: 0,
+		});
+
+		let _ = block_on(
+			view.submit_many(TransactionSource::External, std::iter::once(uxt.clone().into())),
+		);
+		assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 1);
+
+		let (finish_revalidation_request_tx, finish_revalidation_request_rx) =
+			tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1);
+		let (revalidation_result_tx, revalidation_result_rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1);
+
+		let finish_revalidation_worker_channels = FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels::new(
+			finish_revalidation_request_rx,
+			revalidation_result_tx,
+		);
+
+		let _finish_revalidation_local_channels = FinishRevalidationLocalChannels::new(
+			finish_revalidation_request_tx,
+			revalidation_result_rx,
+		);
+
+		block_on(queue.revalidate_view(view.clone(), finish_revalidation_worker_channels));
+
+		assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 2);
+		// number of ready
+		assert_eq!(view.status().ready, 1);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/tx_mem_pool.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/tx_mem_pool.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..86ea27dcf4517bf4f0f6af55f1316d15ad0216e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/tx_mem_pool.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Transaction memory pool, container for watched and unwatched transactions.
+//! Acts as a buffer which collect transactions before importing them to the views. Following are
+//! the crucial use cases when it is needed:
+//! - empty pool (no views yet)
+//! - potential races between creation of view and submitting transaction (w/o intermediary buffer
+//!   some transactions could be lost)
+//! - the transaction can be invalid on some forks (and thus the associated views may not contain
+//!   it), while on other forks tx can be valid. Depending on which view is chosen to be cloned,
+//!   such transaction could not be present in the newly created view.
+
+use super::{metrics::MetricsLink as PrometheusMetrics, multi_view_listener::MultiViewListener};
+use crate::{
+	common::log_xt::log_xt_trace,
+	graph,
+	graph::{ExtrinsicFor, ExtrinsicHash},
+	LOG_TARGET,
+};
+use futures::FutureExt;
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionSource;
+use sp_blockchain::HashAndNumber;
+use sp_runtime::{
+	traits::Block as BlockT,
+	transaction_validity::{InvalidTransaction, TransactionValidityError},
+};
+use std::{
+	collections::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap},
+	sync::{atomic, atomic::AtomicU64, Arc},
+	time::Instant,
+};
+
+/// The minimum interval between single transaction revalidations. Given in blocks.
+pub(crate) const TXMEMPOOL_REVALIDATION_PERIOD: u64 = 10;
+
+/// The number of transactions revalidated in single revalidation batch.
+pub(crate) const TXMEMPOOL_MAX_REVALIDATION_BATCH_SIZE: usize = 1000;
+
+/// The maximum number of transactions kept in the mem pool. Given as multiple of
+/// the view's total limit.
+pub const TXMEMPOOL_TRANSACTION_LIMIT_MULTIPLIER: usize = 4;
+
+/// Represents the transaction in the intermediary buffer.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(crate) struct TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+{
+	//todo: add listener for updating listeners with events [#5495]
+	/// Is the progress of transaction watched.
+	///
+	/// Was transaction sent with `submit_and_watch`.
+	watched: bool,
+	/// Extrinsic actual body.
+	tx: ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>,
+	/// Transaction source.
+	source: TransactionSource,
+	/// When the transaction was revalidated, used to periodically revalidate the mem pool buffer.
+	validated_at: AtomicU64,
+	//todo: we need to add future / ready status at finalized block.
+	//If future transactions are stuck in tx_mem_pool (due to limits being hit), we need a means
+	// to replace them somehow with newly coming transactions.
+	// For sure priority is one of them, but some additional criteria maybe required.
+	//
+	// The other maybe simple solution for this could be just obeying 10% limit for future in
+	// tx_mem_pool. Oldest future transaction could be just dropped. *(Status at finalized would
+	// also be needed). Probably is_future_at_finalized:Option<bool> flag will be enought
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi, Block> TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+{
+	/// Shall the progress of transaction be watched.
+	///
+	/// Was transaction sent with `submit_and_watch`.
+	fn is_watched(&self) -> bool {
+		self.watched
+	}
+
+	/// Creates a new instance of wrapper for unwatched transaction.
+	fn new_unwatched(source: TransactionSource, tx: ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>) -> Self {
+		Self { watched: false, tx, source, validated_at: AtomicU64::new(0) }
+	}
+
+	/// Creates a new instance of wrapper for watched transaction.
+	fn new_watched(source: TransactionSource, tx: ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>) -> Self {
+		Self { watched: true, tx, source, validated_at: AtomicU64::new(0) }
+	}
+
+	/// Provides a clone of actual transaction body.
+	///
+	/// Operation is cheap, as the body is `Arc`.
+	pub(crate) fn tx(&self) -> ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi> {
+		self.tx.clone()
+	}
+
+	/// Returns the source of the transaction.
+	pub(crate) fn source(&self) -> TransactionSource {
+		self.source
+	}
+}
+
+type InternalTxMemPoolMap<ChainApi, Block> =
+	HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, Arc<TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>>>;
+type InternalTxMemPoolMapEntry<'a, ChainApi, Block> =
+	Entry<'a, ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, Arc<TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>>>;
+
+/// An intermediary transactions buffer.
+///
+/// Keeps all the transaction which are potentially valid. Transactions that were finalized or
+/// transactions that are invalid at finalized blocks are removed, either while handling the
+/// `Finalized` event, or during revalidation process.
+///
+/// All transactions from  a`TxMemPool` are submitted to the newly created views.
+///
+/// All newly submitted transactions goes into the `TxMemPool`.
+pub(super) struct TxMemPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+{
+	/// A shared API instance necessary for blockchain related operations.
+	api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+
+	/// A shared instance of the `MultiViewListener`.
+	///
+	/// Provides a side-channel allowing to send per-transaction state changes notification.
+	//todo: could be removed after removing watched field (and adding listener into tx) [#5495]
+	listener: Arc<MultiViewListener<ChainApi>>,
+
+	///  A map that stores the transactions currently in the memory pool.
+	///
+	///  The key is the hash of the transaction, and the value is a wrapper
+	///  structure, which contains the mempool specific details of the transaction.
+	transactions: RwLock<InternalTxMemPoolMap<ChainApi, Block>>,
+
+	/// Prometheus's metrics endpoint.
+	metrics: PrometheusMetrics,
+
+	/// Indicates the maximum number of transactions that can be maintained in the memory pool.
+	max_transactions_count: usize,
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi, Block> TxMemPool<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Creates a new `TxMemPool` instance with the given API, listener, metrics,
+	/// and max transaction count.
+	pub(super) fn new(
+		api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+		listener: Arc<MultiViewListener<ChainApi>>,
+		metrics: PrometheusMetrics,
+		max_transactions_count: usize,
+	) -> Self {
+		Self { api, listener, transactions: Default::default(), metrics, max_transactions_count }
+	}
+
+	/// Creates a new `TxMemPool` instance for testing purposes.
+	#[allow(dead_code)]
+	fn new_test(api: Arc<ChainApi>, max_transactions_count: usize) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			api,
+			listener: Arc::from(MultiViewListener::new()),
+			transactions: Default::default(),
+			metrics: Default::default(),
+			max_transactions_count,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Retrieves a transaction by its hash if it exists in the memory pool.
+	pub(super) fn get_by_hash(
+		&self,
+		hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Option<ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>> {
+		self.transactions.read().get(&hash).map(|t| t.tx())
+	}
+
+	/// Returns a tuple with the count of unwatched and watched transactions in the memory pool.
+	pub(super) fn unwatched_and_watched_count(&self) -> (usize, usize) {
+		let transactions = self.transactions.read();
+		let watched_count = transactions.values().filter(|t| t.is_watched()).count();
+		(transactions.len() - watched_count, watched_count)
+	}
+
+	/// Attempts to insert a transaction into the memory pool, ensuring it does not
+	/// exceed the maximum allowed transaction count.
+	fn try_insert(
+		&self,
+		current_len: usize,
+		entry: InternalTxMemPoolMapEntry<'_, ChainApi, Block>,
+		hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+		tx: TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>,
+	) -> Result<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ChainApi::Error> {
+		//todo: obey size limits [#5476]
+		let result = match (current_len < self.max_transactions_count, entry) {
+			(true, Entry::Vacant(v)) => {
+				v.insert(Arc::from(tx));
+				Ok(hash)
+			},
+			(_, Entry::Occupied(_)) =>
+				Err(sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::AlreadyImported(Box::new(hash)).into()),
+			(false, _) => Err(sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::ImmediatelyDropped.into()),
+		};
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] mempool::try_insert: {:?}", hash, result);
+
+		result
+	}
+
+	/// Adds a new unwatched transactions to the internal buffer not exceeding the limit.
+	///
+	/// Returns the vector of results for each transaction, the order corresponds to the input
+	/// vector.
+	pub(super) fn extend_unwatched(
+		&self,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xts: Vec<ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>>,
+	) -> Vec<Result<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ChainApi::Error>> {
+		let mut transactions = self.transactions.write();
+		let result = xts
+			.into_iter()
+			.map(|xt| {
+				let hash = self.api.hash_and_length(&xt).0;
+				self.try_insert(
+					transactions.len(),
+					transactions.entry(hash),
+					hash,
+					TxInMemPool::new_unwatched(source, xt.clone()),
+				)
+			})
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		result
+	}
+
+	/// Adds a new watched transaction to the memory pool if it does not exceed the maximum allowed
+	/// transaction count.
+	pub(super) fn push_watched(
+		&self,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Result<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ChainApi::Error> {
+		let mut transactions = self.transactions.write();
+		let hash = self.api.hash_and_length(&xt).0;
+		self.try_insert(
+			transactions.len(),
+			transactions.entry(hash),
+			hash,
+			TxInMemPool::new_watched(source, xt.clone()),
+		)
+	}
+
+	/// Removes transactions from the memory pool which are specified by the given list of hashes
+	/// and send the `Dropped` event to the listeners of these transactions.
+	pub(super) async fn remove_dropped_transactions(
+		&self,
+		to_be_removed: &[ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>],
+	) {
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "remove_dropped_transactions count:{:?}", to_be_removed.len());
+		log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, to_be_removed, "[{:?}] mempool::remove_dropped_transactions");
+		let mut transactions = self.transactions.write();
+		to_be_removed.iter().for_each(|t| {
+			transactions.remove(t);
+		});
+
+		self.listener.transactions_dropped(to_be_removed);
+	}
+
+	/// Clones and returns a `HashMap` of references to all unwatched transactions in the memory
+	/// pool.
+	pub(super) fn clone_unwatched(
+		&self,
+	) -> HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, Arc<TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>>> {
+		self.transactions
+			.read()
+			.iter()
+			.filter_map(|(hash, tx)| (!tx.is_watched()).then(|| (*hash, tx.clone())))
+			.collect::<HashMap<_, _>>()
+	}
+
+	/// Clones and returns a `HashMap` of references to all watched transactions in the memory pool.
+	pub(super) fn clone_watched(
+		&self,
+	) -> HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, Arc<TxInMemPool<ChainApi, Block>>> {
+		self.transactions
+			.read()
+			.iter()
+			.filter_map(|(hash, tx)| (tx.is_watched()).then(|| (*hash, tx.clone())))
+			.collect::<HashMap<_, _>>()
+	}
+
+	/// Removes a transaction from the memory pool based on a given hash.
+	pub(super) fn remove(&self, hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>) {
+		let _ = self.transactions.write().remove(&hash);
+	}
+
+	/// Revalidates a batch of transactions against the provided finalized block.
+	///
+	/// Returns a vector of invalid transaction hashes.
+	async fn revalidate_inner(&self, finalized_block: HashAndNumber<Block>) -> Vec<Block::Hash> {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "mempool::revalidate at:{finalized_block:?}");
+		let start = Instant::now();
+
+		let (count, input) = {
+			let transactions = self.transactions.read();
+
+			(
+				transactions.len(),
+				transactions
+					.clone()
+					.into_iter()
+					.filter(|xt| {
+						let finalized_block_number = finalized_block.number.into().as_u64();
+						xt.1.validated_at.load(atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) +
+							TXMEMPOOL_REVALIDATION_PERIOD <
+							finalized_block_number
+					})
+					.sorted_by_key(|tx| tx.1.validated_at.load(atomic::Ordering::Relaxed))
+					.take(TXMEMPOOL_MAX_REVALIDATION_BATCH_SIZE),
+			)
+		};
+
+		let validations_futures = input.into_iter().map(|(xt_hash, xt)| {
+			self.api.validate_transaction(finalized_block.hash, xt.source, xt.tx()).map(
+				move |validation_result| {
+					xt.validated_at
+						.store(finalized_block.number.into().as_u64(), atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
+					(xt_hash, validation_result)
+				},
+			)
+		});
+		let validation_results = futures::future::join_all(validations_futures).await;
+		let input_len = validation_results.len();
+
+		let duration = start.elapsed();
+
+		let invalid_hashes = validation_results
+			.into_iter()
+			.filter_map(|(xt_hash, validation_result)| match validation_result {
+				Ok(Ok(_)) |
+				Ok(Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(InvalidTransaction::Future))) => None,
+				Err(_) |
+				Ok(Err(TransactionValidityError::Unknown(_))) |
+				Ok(Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(_))) => {
+					log::trace!(
+						target: LOG_TARGET,
+						"[{:?}]: Purging: invalid: {:?}",
+						xt_hash,
+						validation_result,
+					);
+					Some(xt_hash)
+				},
+			})
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		log::debug!(
+			target: LOG_TARGET,
+			"mempool::revalidate: at {finalized_block:?} count:{input_len}/{count} purged:{} took {duration:?}", invalid_hashes.len(),
+		);
+
+		invalid_hashes
+	}
+
+	/// Removes the finalized transactions from the memory pool, using a provided list of hashes.
+	pub(super) async fn purge_finalized_transactions(
+		&self,
+		finalized_xts: &Vec<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>>,
+	) {
+		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "purge_finalized_transactions count:{:?}", finalized_xts.len());
+		log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, finalized_xts, "[{:?}] purged finalized transactions");
+		let mut transactions = self.transactions.write();
+		finalized_xts.iter().for_each(|t| {
+			transactions.remove(t);
+		});
+	}
+
+	/// Revalidates transactions in the memory pool against a given finalized block and removes
+	/// invalid ones.
+	pub(super) async fn revalidate(&self, finalized_block: HashAndNumber<Block>) {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "purge_transactions at:{:?}", finalized_block);
+		let invalid_hashes = self.revalidate_inner(finalized_block.clone()).await;
+
+		self.metrics.report(|metrics| {
+			metrics.mempool_revalidation_invalid_txs.inc_by(invalid_hashes.len() as _)
+		});
+
+		let mut transactions = self.transactions.write();
+		invalid_hashes.iter().for_each(|i| {
+			transactions.remove(i);
+		});
+		self.listener.invalidate_transactions(&invalid_hashes);
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tx_mem_pool_tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::common::tests::TestApi;
+	use substrate_test_runtime::{AccountId, Extrinsic, Transfer, H256};
+	use substrate_test_runtime_client::AccountKeyring::*;
+	fn uxt(nonce: u64) -> Extrinsic {
+		crate::common::tests::uxt(Transfer {
+			from: Alice.into(),
+			to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+			amount: 5,
+			nonce,
+		})
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn extend_unwatched_obeys_limit() {
+		let max = 10;
+		let api = Arc::from(TestApi::default());
+		let mempool = TxMemPool::new_test(api, max);
+
+		let xts = (0..max + 1).map(|x| Arc::from(uxt(x as _))).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		let results = mempool.extend_unwatched(TransactionSource::External, xts);
+		assert!(results.iter().take(max).all(Result::is_ok));
+		assert!(matches!(
+			results.into_iter().last().unwrap().unwrap_err(),
+			sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::ImmediatelyDropped
+		));
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn extend_unwatched_detects_already_imported() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let max = 10;
+		let api = Arc::from(TestApi::default());
+		let mempool = TxMemPool::new_test(api, max);
+
+		let mut xts = (0..max - 1).map(|x| Arc::from(uxt(x as _))).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		xts.push(xts.iter().last().unwrap().clone());
+
+		let results = mempool.extend_unwatched(TransactionSource::External, xts);
+		assert!(results.iter().take(max - 1).all(Result::is_ok));
+		assert!(matches!(
+			results.into_iter().last().unwrap().unwrap_err(),
+			sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::AlreadyImported(_)
+		));
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn push_obeys_limit() {
+		let max = 10;
+		let api = Arc::from(TestApi::default());
+		let mempool = TxMemPool::new_test(api, max);
+
+		let xts = (0..max).map(|x| Arc::from(uxt(x as _))).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		let results = mempool.extend_unwatched(TransactionSource::External, xts);
+		assert!(results.iter().all(Result::is_ok));
+
+		let xt = Arc::from(uxt(98));
+		let result = mempool.push_watched(TransactionSource::External, xt);
+		assert!(matches!(
+			result.unwrap_err(),
+			sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::ImmediatelyDropped
+		));
+		let xt = Arc::from(uxt(99));
+		let mut result = mempool.extend_unwatched(TransactionSource::External, vec![xt]);
+		assert!(matches!(
+			result.pop().unwrap().unwrap_err(),
+			sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::ImmediatelyDropped
+		));
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn push_detects_already_imported() {
+		let max = 10;
+		let api = Arc::from(TestApi::default());
+		let mempool = TxMemPool::new_test(api, 2 * max);
+
+		let xts = (0..max).map(|x| Arc::from(uxt(x as _))).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		let xt0 = xts.iter().last().unwrap().clone();
+		let xt1 = xts.iter().next().unwrap().clone();
+
+		let results = mempool.extend_unwatched(TransactionSource::External, xts);
+		assert!(results.iter().all(Result::is_ok));
+
+		let result = mempool.push_watched(TransactionSource::External, xt0);
+		assert!(matches!(
+			result.unwrap_err(),
+			sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::AlreadyImported(_)
+		));
+		let mut result = mempool.extend_unwatched(TransactionSource::External, vec![xt1]);
+		assert!(matches!(
+			result.pop().unwrap().unwrap_err(),
+			sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::AlreadyImported(_)
+		));
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn count_works() {
+		let max = 100;
+		let api = Arc::from(TestApi::default());
+		let mempool = TxMemPool::new_test(api, max);
+
+		let xts0 = (0..10).map(|x| Arc::from(uxt(x as _))).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		let results = mempool.extend_unwatched(TransactionSource::External, xts0);
+		assert!(results.iter().all(Result::is_ok));
+
+		let xts1 = (0..5).map(|x| Arc::from(uxt(2 * x))).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		let results = xts1
+			.into_iter()
+			.map(|t| mempool.push_watched(TransactionSource::External, t))
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		assert!(results.iter().all(Result::is_ok));
+		assert_eq!(mempool.unwatched_and_watched_count(), (10, 5));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/view.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/view.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fd5bfa8312c074764162dd780546927a18daa75b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/view.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Transaction pool view.
+//!
+//! The View represents the state of the transaction pool at given block. The view is created when
+//! new block is notified to transaction pool. Views are removed on finalization.
+//!
+//! Refer to [*View*](../index.html#view) section for more details.
+
+use super::metrics::MetricsLink as PrometheusMetrics;
+use crate::{
+	common::log_xt::log_xt_trace,
+	graph::{
+		self, watcher::Watcher, ExtrinsicFor, ExtrinsicHash, IsValidator, ValidatedTransaction,
+		ValidatedTransactionFor,
+	},
+	LOG_TARGET,
+};
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{PoolStatus, TransactionSource};
+use sp_blockchain::HashAndNumber;
+use sp_runtime::{
+	traits::Block as BlockT, transaction_validity::TransactionValidityError, SaturatedConversion,
+};
+use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc, time::Instant};
+
+pub(super) struct RevalidationResult<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> {
+	revalidated: HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ValidatedTransactionFor<ChainApi>>,
+	invalid_hashes: Vec<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>>,
+}
+
+/// Used to obtain result from RevalidationWorker on View side.
+pub(super) type RevalidationResultReceiver<ChainApi> =
+	tokio::sync::mpsc::Receiver<RevalidationResult<ChainApi>>;
+
+/// Used to send revalidation result from RevalidationWorker to View.
+pub(super) type RevalidationResultSender<ChainApi> =
+	tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender<RevalidationResult<ChainApi>>;
+
+/// Used to receive finish-revalidation-request from View on RevalidationWorker side.
+pub(super) type FinishRevalidationRequestReceiver = tokio::sync::mpsc::Receiver<()>;
+
+/// Used to send finish-revalidation-request from View to RevalidationWorker.
+pub(super) type FinishRevalidationRequestSender = tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender<()>;
+
+/// Endpoints of channels used on View side (maintain thread)
+pub(super) struct FinishRevalidationLocalChannels<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> {
+	/// Used to send finish revalidation request.
+	finish_revalidation_request_tx: Option<FinishRevalidationRequestSender>,
+	/// Used to receive revalidation results.
+	revalidation_result_rx: RevalidationResultReceiver<ChainApi>,
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> FinishRevalidationLocalChannels<ChainApi> {
+	/// Creates a new instance of endpoints for channels used on View side
+	pub fn new(
+		finish_revalidation_request_tx: FinishRevalidationRequestSender,
+		revalidation_result_rx: RevalidationResultReceiver<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			finish_revalidation_request_tx: Some(finish_revalidation_request_tx),
+			revalidation_result_rx,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Removes a finish revalidation sender
+	///
+	/// Should be called when revalidation was already terminated and finish revalidation message is
+	/// no longer expected.
+	fn remove_sender(&mut self) {
+		self.finish_revalidation_request_tx = None;
+	}
+}
+
+/// Endpoints of channels used on `RevalidationWorker` side (background thread)
+pub(super) struct FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> {
+	/// Used to receive finish revalidation request.
+	finish_revalidation_request_rx: FinishRevalidationRequestReceiver,
+	/// Used to send revalidation results.
+	revalidation_result_tx: RevalidationResultSender<ChainApi>,
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels<ChainApi> {
+	/// Creates a new instance of endpoints for channels used on `RevalidationWorker` side
+	pub fn new(
+		finish_revalidation_request_rx: FinishRevalidationRequestReceiver,
+		revalidation_result_tx: RevalidationResultSender<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Self {
+		Self { finish_revalidation_request_rx, revalidation_result_tx }
+	}
+}
+
+/// Represents the state of transaction pool for given block.
+///
+/// Refer to [*View*](../index.html#view) section for more details on the purpose and life cycle of
+/// the `View`.
+pub(super) struct View<ChainApi: graph::ChainApi> {
+	/// The internal pool keeping the set of ready and future transaction at the given block.
+	pub(super) pool: graph::Pool<ChainApi>,
+	/// The hash and number of the block with which this view is associated.
+	pub(super) at: HashAndNumber<ChainApi::Block>,
+	/// Endpoints of communication channel with background worker.
+	revalidation_worker_channels: Mutex<Option<FinishRevalidationLocalChannels<ChainApi>>>,
+	/// Prometheus's metrics endpoint.
+	metrics: PrometheusMetrics,
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi> View<ChainApi>
+where
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi,
+	<ChainApi::Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Creates a new empty view.
+	pub(super) fn new(
+		api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+		at: HashAndNumber<ChainApi::Block>,
+		options: graph::Options,
+		metrics: PrometheusMetrics,
+		is_validator: IsValidator,
+	) -> Self {
+		metrics.report(|metrics| metrics.non_cloned_views.inc());
+		Self {
+			pool: graph::Pool::new(options, is_validator, api),
+			at,
+			revalidation_worker_channels: Mutex::from(None),
+			metrics,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Creates a copy of the other view.
+	pub(super) fn new_from_other(&self, at: &HashAndNumber<ChainApi::Block>) -> Self {
+		View {
+			at: at.clone(),
+			pool: self.pool.deep_clone(),
+			revalidation_worker_channels: Mutex::from(None),
+			metrics: self.metrics.clone(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Imports many unvalidated extrinsics into the view.
+	pub(super) async fn submit_many(
+		&self,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xts: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>>,
+	) -> Vec<Result<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ChainApi::Error>> {
+		if log::log_enabled!(target: LOG_TARGET, log::Level::Trace) {
+			let xts = xts.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+			log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, xts.iter().map(|xt| self.pool.validated_pool().api().hash_and_length(xt).0), "[{:?}] view::submit_many at:{}", self.at.hash);
+			self.pool.submit_at(&self.at, source, xts).await
+		} else {
+			self.pool.submit_at(&self.at, source, xts).await
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Import a single extrinsic and starts to watch its progress in the view.
+	pub(super) async fn submit_and_watch(
+		&self,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Result<Watcher<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>>, ChainApi::Error> {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] view::submit_and_watch at:{}", self.pool.validated_pool().api().hash_and_length(&xt).0, self.at.hash);
+		self.pool.submit_and_watch(&self.at, source, xt).await
+	}
+
+	/// Status of the pool associated with the view.
+	pub(super) fn status(&self) -> PoolStatus {
+		self.pool.validated_pool().status()
+	}
+
+	/// Creates a watcher for given transaction.
+	///
+	/// Intended to be called for the transaction that already exists in the pool
+	pub(super) fn create_watcher(
+		&self,
+		tx_hash: ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Watcher<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>> {
+		//todo(minor): some assert could be added here - to make sure that transaction actually
+		// exists in the view.
+		self.pool.validated_pool().create_watcher(tx_hash)
+	}
+
+	/// Revalidates some part of transaction from the internal pool.
+	///
+	/// Intended to be called from the revalidation worker. The revalidation process can be
+	/// terminated by sending a message to the `rx` channel provided within
+	/// `finish_revalidation_worker_channels`. Revalidation results are sent back over the `tx`
+	/// channels and shall be applied in maintain thread.
+	///
+	/// View revalidation currently is not throttled, and until not terminated it will revalidate
+	/// all the transactions. Note: this can be improved if CPU usage due to revalidation becomes a
+	/// problem.
+	pub(super) async fn revalidate(
+		&self,
+		finish_revalidation_worker_channels: FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels<ChainApi>,
+	) {
+		let FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels {
+			mut finish_revalidation_request_rx,
+			revalidation_result_tx,
+		} = finish_revalidation_worker_channels;
+
+		log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET, "view::revalidate: at {} starting", self.at.hash);
+		let start = Instant::now();
+		let validated_pool = self.pool.validated_pool();
+		let api = validated_pool.api();
+
+		let batch: Vec<_> = validated_pool.ready().collect();
+		let batch_len = batch.len();
+
+		//todo: sort batch by revalidation timestamp | maybe not needed at all? xts will be getting
+		//out of the view...
+		//todo: revalidate future, remove if invalid [#5496]
+
+		let mut invalid_hashes = Vec::new();
+		let mut revalidated = HashMap::new();
+
+		let mut validation_results = vec![];
+		let mut batch_iter = batch.into_iter();
+		loop {
+			let mut should_break = false;
+			tokio::select! {
+				_ = finish_revalidation_request_rx.recv() => {
+					log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "view::revalidate: finish revalidation request received at {}.", self.at.hash);
+					break
+				}
+				_ = async {
+					if let Some(tx) = batch_iter.next() {
+						let validation_result = (api.validate_transaction(self.at.hash, tx.source, tx.data.clone()).await, tx.hash, tx);
+						validation_results.push(validation_result);
+					} else {
+						{
+							self.revalidation_worker_channels.lock().as_mut().map(|ch| ch.remove_sender());
+						}
+						should_break = true;
+					}
+				} => {}
+			}
+
+			if should_break {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		let revalidation_duration = start.elapsed();
+		self.metrics.report(|metrics| {
+			metrics.view_revalidation_duration.observe(revalidation_duration.as_secs_f64());
+		});
+		log::debug!(
+			target:LOG_TARGET,
+			"view::revalidate: at {:?} count: {}/{} took {:?}",
+			self.at.hash,
+			validation_results.len(),
+			batch_len,
+			revalidation_duration
+		);
+		log_xt_trace!(data:tuple, target:LOG_TARGET, validation_results.iter().map(|x| (x.1, &x.0)), "[{:?}] view::revalidateresult: {:?}");
+
+		for (validation_result, tx_hash, tx) in validation_results {
+			match validation_result {
+				Ok(Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(_))) => {
+					invalid_hashes.push(tx_hash);
+				},
+				Ok(Ok(validity)) => {
+					revalidated.insert(
+						tx_hash,
+						ValidatedTransaction::valid_at(
+							self.at.number.saturated_into::<u64>(),
+							tx_hash,
+							tx.source,
+							tx.data.clone(),
+							api.hash_and_length(&tx.data).1,
+							validity,
+						),
+					);
+				},
+				Ok(Err(TransactionValidityError::Unknown(e))) => {
+					log::trace!(
+						target: LOG_TARGET,
+						"[{:?}]: Removing. Cannot determine transaction validity: {:?}",
+						tx_hash,
+						e
+					);
+					invalid_hashes.push(tx_hash);
+				},
+				Err(validation_err) => {
+					log::trace!(
+						target: LOG_TARGET,
+						"[{:?}]: Removing due to error during revalidation: {}",
+						tx_hash,
+						validation_err
+					);
+					invalid_hashes.push(tx_hash);
+				},
+			}
+		}
+
+		log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET, "view::revalidate: sending revalidation result at {}", self.at.hash);
+		if let Err(e) = revalidation_result_tx
+			.send(RevalidationResult { invalid_hashes, revalidated })
+			.await
+		{
+			log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET, "view::revalidate: sending revalidation_result at {} failed {:?}", self.at.hash, e);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Sends revalidation request to the background worker.
+	///
+	/// Creates communication channels required to stop revalidation request and receive the
+	/// revalidation results and sends the revalidation request to the background worker.
+	///
+	/// Intended to be called from maintain thread, at the very end of the maintain process.
+	///
+	/// Refer to [*View revalidation*](../index.html#view-revalidation) for more details.
+	pub(super) async fn start_background_revalidation(
+		view: Arc<Self>,
+		revalidation_queue: Arc<
+			super::revalidation_worker::RevalidationQueue<ChainApi, ChainApi::Block>,
+		>,
+	) {
+		log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET,"view::start_background_revalidation: at {}", view.at.hash);
+		let (finish_revalidation_request_tx, finish_revalidation_request_rx) =
+			tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1);
+		let (revalidation_result_tx, revalidation_result_rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1);
+
+		let finish_revalidation_worker_channels = FinishRevalidationWorkerChannels::new(
+			finish_revalidation_request_rx,
+			revalidation_result_tx,
+		);
+
+		let finish_revalidation_local_channels = FinishRevalidationLocalChannels::new(
+			finish_revalidation_request_tx,
+			revalidation_result_rx,
+		);
+
+		*view.revalidation_worker_channels.lock() = Some(finish_revalidation_local_channels);
+		revalidation_queue
+			.revalidate_view(view.clone(), finish_revalidation_worker_channels)
+			.await;
+	}
+
+	/// Terminates a background view revalidation.
+	///
+	/// Receives the results from the background worker and applies them to the internal pool.
+	/// Intended to be called from the maintain thread, at the very beginning of the maintain
+	/// process, before the new view is cloned and updated. Applying results before cloning ensures
+	/// that view contains up-to-date set of revalidated transactions.
+	///
+	/// Refer to [*View revalidation*](../index.html#view-revalidation) for more details.
+	pub(super) async fn finish_revalidation(&self) {
+		log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET,"view::finish_revalidation: at {}", self.at.hash);
+		let Some(revalidation_worker_channels) = self.revalidation_worker_channels.lock().take()
+		else {
+			log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET, "view::finish_revalidation: no finish_revalidation_request_tx");
+			return
+		};
+
+		let FinishRevalidationLocalChannels {
+			finish_revalidation_request_tx,
+			mut revalidation_result_rx,
+		} = revalidation_worker_channels;
+
+		if let Some(finish_revalidation_request_tx) = finish_revalidation_request_tx {
+			if let Err(e) = finish_revalidation_request_tx.send(()).await {
+				log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET, "view::finish_revalidation: sending cancellation request at {} failed {:?}", self.at.hash, e);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if let Some(revalidation_result) = revalidation_result_rx.recv().await {
+			let start = Instant::now();
+			let revalidated_len = revalidation_result.revalidated.len();
+			let validated_pool = self.pool.validated_pool();
+			validated_pool.remove_invalid(&revalidation_result.invalid_hashes);
+			if revalidated_len > 0 {
+				self.pool.resubmit(revalidation_result.revalidated);
+			}
+
+			self.metrics.report(|metrics| {
+				let _ = (
+					revalidation_result
+						.invalid_hashes
+						.len()
+						.try_into()
+						.map(|v| metrics.view_revalidation_invalid_txs.inc_by(v)),
+					revalidated_len
+						.try_into()
+						.map(|v| metrics.view_revalidation_resubmitted_txs.inc_by(v)),
+				);
+			});
+
+			log::debug!(
+				target:LOG_TARGET,
+				"view::finish_revalidation: applying revalidation result invalid: {} revalidated: {} at {:?} took {:?}",
+				revalidation_result.invalid_hashes.len(),
+				revalidated_len,
+				self.at.hash,
+				start.elapsed()
+			);
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/view_store.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/view_store.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..953d6d860338688cd94627ee2a2c3a8090bcde35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/fork_aware_txpool/view_store.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Transaction pool view store. Basically block hash to view map with some utility methods.
+
+use super::{
+	multi_view_listener::{MultiViewListener, TxStatusStream},
+	view::View,
+};
+use crate::{
+	fork_aware_txpool::dropped_watcher::MultiViewDroppedWatcherController,
+	graph,
+	graph::{base_pool::Transaction, ExtrinsicFor, ExtrinsicHash, TransactionFor},
+	ReadyIteratorFor, LOG_TARGET,
+};
+use futures::prelude::*;
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{error::Error as PoolError, PoolStatus, TransactionSource};
+use sp_blockchain::TreeRoute;
+use sp_runtime::{generic::BlockId, traits::Block as BlockT};
+use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc, time::Instant};
+
+/// The helper structure encapsulates all the views.
+pub(super) struct ViewStore<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
+{
+	/// The blockchain api.
+	pub(super) api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+	/// Active views at tips of the forks.
+	///
+	/// Active views are updated with incoming transactions.
+	pub(super) active_views: RwLock<HashMap<Block::Hash, Arc<View<ChainApi>>>>,
+	/// Inactive views at intermediary blocks that are no longer tips of the forks.
+	///
+	/// Inactive views are not updated with incoming transactions, while they can still be used to
+	/// build new blocks upon them.
+	pub(super) inactive_views: RwLock<HashMap<Block::Hash, Arc<View<ChainApi>>>>,
+	/// Listener for controlling external watchers of transactions.
+	///
+	/// Provides a side-channel allowing to send per-transaction state changes notification.
+	pub(super) listener: Arc<MultiViewListener<ChainApi>>,
+	/// Most recent block processed by tx-pool. Used in the API functions that were not changed to
+	/// add `at` parameter.
+	pub(super) most_recent_view: RwLock<Option<Block::Hash>>,
+	/// The controller of multi view dropped stream.
+	pub(super) dropped_stream_controller: MultiViewDroppedWatcherController<ChainApi>,
+}
+
+impl<ChainApi, Block> ViewStore<ChainApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	ChainApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+	<Block as BlockT>::Hash: Unpin,
+{
+	/// Creates a new empty view store.
+	pub(super) fn new(
+		api: Arc<ChainApi>,
+		listener: Arc<MultiViewListener<ChainApi>>,
+		dropped_stream_controller: MultiViewDroppedWatcherController<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			api,
+			active_views: Default::default(),
+			inactive_views: Default::default(),
+			listener,
+			most_recent_view: RwLock::from(None),
+			dropped_stream_controller,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Imports a bunch of unverified extrinsics to every active view.
+	pub(super) async fn submit(
+		&self,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xts: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>> + Clone,
+		xts_hashes: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>> + Clone,
+	) -> HashMap<Block::Hash, Vec<Result<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ChainApi::Error>>> {
+		let submit_futures = {
+			let active_views = self.active_views.read();
+			active_views
+				.iter()
+				.map(|(_, view)| {
+					let view = view.clone();
+					let xts = xts.clone();
+					self.dropped_stream_controller
+						.add_initial_views(xts_hashes.clone(), view.at.hash);
+					async move { (view.at.hash, view.submit_many(source, xts.clone()).await) }
+				})
+				.collect::<Vec<_>>()
+		};
+		let results = futures::future::join_all(submit_futures).await;
+
+		HashMap::<_, _>::from_iter(results.into_iter())
+	}
+
+	/// Import a single extrinsic and starts to watch its progress in the pool.
+	///
+	/// The extrinsic is imported to every view, and the individual streams providing the progress
+	/// of this transaction within every view are added to the multi view listener.
+	///
+	/// The external stream of aggregated/processed events provided by the `MultiViewListener`
+	/// instance is returned.
+	pub(super) async fn submit_and_watch(
+		&self,
+		_at: Block::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Result<TxStatusStream<ChainApi>, (ChainApi::Error, Option<TxStatusStream<ChainApi>>)> {
+		let tx_hash = self.api.hash_and_length(&xt).0;
+		let Some(external_watcher) = self.listener.create_external_watcher_for_tx(tx_hash) else {
+			return Err((PoolError::AlreadyImported(Box::new(tx_hash)).into(), None))
+		};
+		let submit_and_watch_futures = {
+			let active_views = self.active_views.read();
+			active_views
+				.iter()
+				.map(|(_, view)| {
+					let view = view.clone();
+					let xt = xt.clone();
+					self.dropped_stream_controller
+						.add_initial_views(std::iter::once(tx_hash), view.at.hash);
+					async move {
+						match view.submit_and_watch(source, xt).await {
+							Ok(watcher) => {
+								self.listener.add_view_watcher_for_tx(
+									tx_hash,
+									view.at.hash,
+									watcher.into_stream().boxed(),
+								);
+								Ok(())
+							},
+							Err(e) => Err(e),
+						}
+					}
+				})
+				.collect::<Vec<_>>()
+		};
+		let maybe_error = futures::future::join_all(submit_and_watch_futures)
+			.await
+			.into_iter()
+			.reduce(|mut r, v| {
+				if r.is_err() && v.is_ok() {
+					r = v;
+				}
+				r
+			});
+		if let Some(Err(err)) = maybe_error {
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] submit_and_watch: err: {}", tx_hash, err);
+			return Err((err, Some(external_watcher)));
+		};
+
+		Ok(external_watcher)
+	}
+
+	/// Returns the pool status for every active view.
+	pub(super) fn status(&self) -> HashMap<Block::Hash, PoolStatus> {
+		self.active_views.read().iter().map(|(h, v)| (*h, v.status())).collect()
+	}
+
+	/// Returns true if there are no active views.
+	pub(super) fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+		self.active_views.read().is_empty() && self.inactive_views.read().is_empty()
+	}
+
+	/// Finds the best existing active view to clone from along the path.
+	///
+	/// ```text
+	/// Tree route from R1 to E2.
+	///   <- R3 <- R2 <- R1
+	///  /
+	/// C
+	///  \-> E1 -> E2
+	/// ```
+	/// ```text
+	/// Search path is:
+	/// [E1, C, R3, R2, R1]
+	/// ```
+	pub(super) fn find_best_view(
+		&self,
+		tree_route: &TreeRoute<Block>,
+	) -> Option<Arc<View<ChainApi>>> {
+		let active_views = self.active_views.read();
+		let best_view = {
+			tree_route
+				.retracted()
+				.iter()
+				.chain(std::iter::once(tree_route.common_block()))
+				.chain(tree_route.enacted().iter())
+				.rev()
+				.find(|block| active_views.contains_key(&block.hash))
+		};
+		best_view.map(|h| {
+			active_views
+				.get(&h.hash)
+				.expect("hash was just found in the map's keys. qed")
+				.clone()
+		})
+	}
+
+	/// Returns an iterator for ready transactions for the most recently notified best block.
+	///
+	/// The iterator for future transactions is returned if the most recently notified best block,
+	/// for which maintain process was accomplished, exists.
+	pub(super) fn ready(&self) -> ReadyIteratorFor<ChainApi> {
+		let ready_iterator = self
+			.most_recent_view
+			.read()
+			.map(|at| self.get_view_at(at, true))
+			.flatten()
+			.map(|(v, _)| v.pool.validated_pool().ready());
+
+		if let Some(ready_iterator) = ready_iterator {
+			return Box::new(ready_iterator)
+		} else {
+			return Box::new(std::iter::empty())
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Returns a list of future transactions for the most recently notified best block.
+	///
+	/// The set of future transactions is returned if the most recently notified best block, for
+	/// which maintain process was accomplished, exists.
+	pub(super) fn futures(
+		&self,
+	) -> Vec<Transaction<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>, ExtrinsicFor<ChainApi>>> {
+		self.most_recent_view
+			.read()
+			.map(|at| self.get_view_at(at, true))
+			.flatten()
+			.map(|(v, _)| v.pool.validated_pool().pool.read().futures().cloned().collect())
+			.unwrap_or_default()
+	}
+
+	/// Collects all the transactions included in the blocks on the provided `tree_route` and
+	/// triggers finalization event for them.
+	///
+	/// The finalization event is sent using side-channel of the multi view `listener`.
+	///
+	/// Returns the list of finalized transactions hashes.
+	pub(super) async fn finalize_route(
+		&self,
+		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
+		tree_route: &[Block::Hash],
+	) -> Vec<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>> {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "finalize_route finalized_hash:{finalized_hash:?} tree_route: {tree_route:?}");
+
+		let mut finalized_transactions = Vec::new();
+
+		for block in tree_route.iter().chain(std::iter::once(&finalized_hash)) {
+			let extrinsics = self
+				.api
+				.block_body(*block)
+				.await
+				.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+					log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Finalize route: error request: {}", e);
+					None
+				})
+				.unwrap_or_default()
+				.iter()
+				.map(|e| self.api.hash_and_length(&e).0)
+				.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+			extrinsics
+				.iter()
+				.enumerate()
+				.for_each(|(i, tx_hash)| self.listener.finalize_transaction(*tx_hash, *block, i));
+
+			finalized_transactions.extend(extrinsics);
+		}
+
+		finalized_transactions
+	}
+
+	/// Return specific ready transaction by hash, if there is one.
+	///
+	/// Currently the ready transaction is returned if it exists for the most recently notified best
+	/// block (for which maintain process was accomplished).
+	pub(super) fn ready_transaction(
+		&self,
+		at: Block::Hash,
+		tx_hash: &ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>,
+	) -> Option<TransactionFor<ChainApi>> {
+		self.active_views
+			.read()
+			.get(&at)
+			.and_then(|v| v.pool.validated_pool().ready_by_hash(tx_hash))
+	}
+
+	/// Inserts new view into the view store.
+	///
+	/// All the views associated with the blocks which are on enacted path (including common
+	/// ancestor) will be:
+	/// - moved to the inactive views set (`inactive_views`),
+	/// - removed from the multi view listeners.
+	///
+	/// The `most_recent_view` is update with the reference to the newly inserted view.
+	pub(super) async fn insert_new_view(
+		&self,
+		view: Arc<View<ChainApi>>,
+		tree_route: &TreeRoute<Block>,
+	) {
+		//note: most_recent_view must be synced with changes in in/active_views.
+		{
+			let mut most_recent_view_lock = self.most_recent_view.write();
+			let mut active_views = self.active_views.write();
+			let mut inactive_views = self.inactive_views.write();
+
+			std::iter::once(tree_route.common_block())
+				.chain(tree_route.enacted().iter())
+				.map(|block| block.hash)
+				.for_each(|hash| {
+					active_views.remove(&hash).map(|view| {
+						inactive_views.insert(hash, view);
+					});
+				});
+			active_views.insert(view.at.hash, view.clone());
+			most_recent_view_lock.replace(view.at.hash);
+		};
+		log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET,"insert_new_view: inactive_views: {:?}", self.inactive_views.read().keys());
+	}
+
+	/// Returns an optional reference to the view at given hash.
+	///
+	/// If `allow_retracted` flag is set, inactive views are also searched.
+	///
+	/// If the view at provided hash does not exist `None` is returned.
+	pub(super) fn get_view_at(
+		&self,
+		at: Block::Hash,
+		allow_inactive: bool,
+	) -> Option<(Arc<View<ChainApi>>, bool)> {
+		if let Some(view) = self.active_views.read().get(&at) {
+			return Some((view.clone(), false));
+		}
+		if allow_inactive {
+			if let Some(view) = self.inactive_views.read().get(&at) {
+				return Some((view.clone(), true))
+			}
+		};
+		None
+	}
+
+	/// The pre-finalization event handle for the view store.
+	///
+	/// This function removes the references to the views that will be removed during finalization
+	/// from the dropped stream controller. This will allow for correct dispatching of `Dropped`
+	/// events.
+	pub(crate) async fn handle_pre_finalized(&self, finalized_hash: Block::Hash) {
+		let finalized_number = self.api.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(finalized_hash));
+		let mut removed_views = vec![];
+
+		{
+			self.active_views
+				.read()
+				.iter()
+				.filter(|(hash, v)| !match finalized_number {
+					Err(_) | Ok(None) => **hash == finalized_hash,
+					Ok(Some(n)) if v.at.number == n => **hash == finalized_hash,
+					Ok(Some(n)) => v.at.number > n,
+				})
+				.map(|(_, v)| removed_views.push(v.at.hash))
+				.for_each(drop);
+		}
+
+		{
+			self.inactive_views
+				.read()
+				.iter()
+				.filter(|(_, v)| !match finalized_number {
+					Err(_) | Ok(None) => false,
+					Ok(Some(n)) => v.at.number >= n,
+				})
+				.map(|(_, v)| removed_views.push(v.at.hash))
+				.for_each(drop);
+		}
+
+		log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET,"handle_pre_finalized: removed_views: {:?}", removed_views);
+
+		removed_views.iter().for_each(|view| {
+			self.dropped_stream_controller.remove_view(*view);
+		});
+	}
+
+	/// The finalization event handle for the view store.
+	///
+	/// Views that have associated block number less than finalized block number are removed from
+	/// both active and inactive set.
+	///
+	/// Note: the views with the associated number greater than finalized block number on the forks
+	/// that are not finalized will stay in the view store. They will be removed in the future, once
+	/// new finalized blocks will be notified. This is to avoid scanning for common ancestors.
+	///
+	/// All watched transactions in the blocks from the tree_route will be notified with `Finalized`
+	/// event.
+	///
+	/// Returns the list of hashes of all finalized transactions along the provided `tree_route`.
+	pub(crate) async fn handle_finalized(
+		&self,
+		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
+		tree_route: &[Block::Hash],
+	) -> Vec<ExtrinsicHash<ChainApi>> {
+		let finalized_xts = self.finalize_route(finalized_hash, tree_route).await;
+		let finalized_number = self.api.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(finalized_hash));
+
+		//clean up older then finalized
+		{
+			let mut active_views = self.active_views.write();
+			active_views.retain(|hash, v| match finalized_number {
+				Err(_) | Ok(None) => *hash == finalized_hash,
+				Ok(Some(n)) if v.at.number == n => *hash == finalized_hash,
+				Ok(Some(n)) => v.at.number > n,
+			});
+		}
+
+		{
+			let mut inactive_views = self.inactive_views.write();
+			inactive_views.retain(|_, v| match finalized_number {
+				Err(_) | Ok(None) => false,
+				Ok(Some(n)) => v.at.number >= n,
+			});
+
+			log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET,"handle_finalized: inactive_views: {:?}", inactive_views.keys());
+		}
+
+		self.listener.remove_view(finalized_hash);
+		self.listener.remove_stale_controllers();
+		self.dropped_stream_controller.remove_finalized_txs(finalized_xts.clone());
+
+		finalized_xts
+	}
+
+	/// Terminates all the ongoing background views revalidations triggered at the end of maintain
+	/// process.
+	///
+	/// Refer to [*View revalidation*](../index.html#view-revalidation) for more details.
+	pub(crate) async fn finish_background_revalidations(&self) {
+		let start = Instant::now();
+		let finish_revalidation_futures = {
+			let active_views = self.active_views.read();
+			active_views
+				.iter()
+				.map(|(_, view)| {
+					let view = view.clone();
+					async move { view.finish_revalidation().await }
+				})
+				.collect::<Vec<_>>()
+		};
+		futures::future::join_all(finish_revalidation_futures).await;
+		log::trace!(target:LOG_TARGET,"finish_background_revalidations took {:?}", start.elapsed());
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/base_pool.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/base_pool.rs
index 32885622da4204f557031ce16f50bfddb6f2b87d..e4c3a6c425a9e539585e58d0571ce2a6a2f68c0a 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/base_pool.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/base_pool.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 use std::{cmp::Ordering, collections::HashSet, fmt, hash, sync::Arc};
 
 use crate::LOG_TARGET;
-use log::{debug, trace, warn};
+use log::{trace, warn};
 use sc_transaction_pool_api::{error, InPoolTransaction, PoolStatus};
 use serde::Serialize;
 use sp_core::hexdisplay::HexDisplay;
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ const RECENTLY_PRUNED_TAGS: usize = 2;
 /// as-is for the second time will fail or produce unwanted results.
 /// Most likely it is required to revalidate them and recompute set of
 /// required tags.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct BasePool<Hash: hash::Hash + Eq, Ex> {
 	reject_future_transactions: bool,
 	future: FutureTransactions<Hash, Ex>,
@@ -238,6 +238,12 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member + Serialize, Ex: std::fmt::Debug> BasePool<Hash,
 		}
 	}
 
+	/// Clears buffer keeping recently pruned transaction.
+	pub fn clear_recently_pruned(&mut self) {
+		self.recently_pruned = Default::default();
+		self.recently_pruned_index = 0;
+	}
+
 	/// Temporary enables future transactions, runs closure and then restores
 	/// `reject_future_transactions` flag back to previous value.
 	///
@@ -272,11 +278,11 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member + Serialize, Ex: std::fmt::Debug> BasePool<Hash,
 		}
 
 		let tx = WaitingTransaction::new(tx, self.ready.provided_tags(), &self.recently_pruned);
-		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] {:?}", tx.transaction.hash, tx);
-		debug!(
+		trace!(
 			target: LOG_TARGET,
-			"[{:?}] Importing to {}",
+			"[{:?}] Importing {:?} to {}",
 			tx.transaction.hash,
+			tx,
 			if tx.is_ready() { "ready" } else { "future" }
 		);
 
@@ -328,7 +334,7 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member + Serialize, Ex: std::fmt::Debug> BasePool<Hash,
 				// transaction failed to be imported.
 				Err(e) =>
 					if first {
-						debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Error importing: {:?}", current_hash, e);
+						trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Error importing: {:?}", current_hash, e);
 						return Err(e)
 					} else {
 						failed.push(current_hash);
@@ -347,7 +353,7 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member + Serialize, Ex: std::fmt::Debug> BasePool<Hash,
 			// since they depend on each other and will never get to the best iterator.
 			self.ready.remove_subtree(&promoted);
 
-			debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Cycle detected, bailing.", hash);
+			trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Cycle detected, bailing.", hash);
 			return Err(error::Error::CycleDetected)
 		}
 
@@ -448,7 +454,7 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member + Serialize, Ex: std::fmt::Debug> BasePool<Hash,
 	/// Returns a list of actually removed transactions.
 	/// NOTE some transactions might still be valid, but were just removed because
 	/// they were part of a chain, you may attempt to re-import them later.
-	/// NOTE If you want to remove ready transactions that were already used
+	/// NOTE If you want to remove ready transactions that were already used,
 	/// and you don't want them to be stored in the pool use `prune_tags` method.
 	pub fn remove_subtree(&mut self, hashes: &[Hash]) -> Vec<Arc<Transaction<Hash, Ex>>> {
 		let mut removed = self.ready.remove_subtree(hashes);
@@ -463,8 +469,8 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member + Serialize, Ex: std::fmt::Debug> BasePool<Hash,
 
 	/// Prunes transactions that provide given list of tags.
 	///
-	/// This will cause all transactions that provide these tags to be removed from the pool,
-	/// but unlike `remove_subtree`, dependent transactions are not touched.
+	/// This will cause all transactions (both ready and future) that provide these tags to be
+	/// removed from the pool, but unlike `remove_subtree`, dependent transactions are not touched.
 	/// Additional transactions from future queue might be promoted to ready if you satisfy tags
 	/// that the pool didn't previously know about.
 	pub fn prune_tags(&mut self, tags: impl IntoIterator<Item = Tag>) -> PruneStatus<Hash, Ex> {
@@ -474,6 +480,9 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member + Serialize, Ex: std::fmt::Debug> BasePool<Hash,
 		self.recently_pruned_index = (self.recently_pruned_index + 1) % RECENTLY_PRUNED_TAGS;
 		recently_pruned.clear();
 
+		let tags = tags.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		let futures_removed = self.future.prune_tags(&tags);
+
 		for tag in tags {
 			// make sure to promote any future transactions that could be unlocked
 			to_import.append(&mut self.future.satisfy_tags(std::iter::once(&tag)));
@@ -485,6 +494,10 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member + Serialize, Ex: std::fmt::Debug> BasePool<Hash,
 
 		let mut promoted = vec![];
 		let mut failed = vec![];
+		for tx in futures_removed {
+			failed.push(tx.hash.clone());
+		}
+
 		for tx in to_import {
 			let hash = tx.transaction.hash.clone();
 			match self.import_to_ready(tx) {
@@ -539,17 +552,75 @@ mod tests {
 		BasePool::default()
 	}
 
-	const DEFAULT_TX: Transaction<Hash, Vec<u8>> = Transaction {
-		data: vec![],
-		bytes: 1,
-		hash: 1u64,
-		priority: 5u64,
-		valid_till: 64u64,
-		requires: vec![],
-		provides: vec![],
-		propagate: true,
-		source: Source::External,
-	};
+	fn default_tx() -> Transaction<Hash, Vec<u8>> {
+		Transaction {
+			data: vec![],
+			bytes: 1,
+			hash: 1u64,
+			priority: 5u64,
+			valid_till: 64u64,
+			requires: vec![],
+			provides: vec![],
+			propagate: true,
+			source: Source::External,
+		}
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn prune_for_ready_works() {
+		// given
+		let mut pool = pool();
+
+		// when
+		pool.import(Transaction {
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
+			provides: vec![vec![2]],
+			..default_tx().clone()
+		})
+		.unwrap();
+
+		// then
+		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 1);
+		assert_eq!(pool.ready.len(), 1);
+
+		let result = pool.prune_tags(vec![vec![2]]);
+		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 0);
+		assert_eq!(pool.ready.len(), 0);
+		assert_eq!(result.pruned.len(), 1);
+		assert_eq!(result.failed.len(), 0);
+		assert_eq!(result.promoted.len(), 0);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn prune_for_future_works() {
+		// given
+		let mut pool = pool();
+
+		// when
+		pool.import(Transaction {
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
+			requires: vec![vec![1]],
+			provides: vec![vec![2]],
+			hash: 0xaa,
+			..default_tx().clone()
+		})
+		.unwrap();
+
+		// then
+		assert_eq!(pool.futures().count(), 1);
+		assert_eq!(pool.future.len(), 1);
+
+		let result = pool.prune_tags(vec![vec![2]]);
+		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 0);
+		assert_eq!(pool.ready.len(), 0);
+		assert_eq!(pool.futures().count(), 0);
+		assert_eq!(pool.future.len(), 0);
+
+		assert_eq!(result.pruned.len(), 0);
+		assert_eq!(result.failed.len(), 1);
+		assert_eq!(result.failed[0], 0xaa);
+		assert_eq!(result.promoted.len(), 0);
+	}
 
 	#[test]
 	fn should_import_transaction_to_ready() {
@@ -557,8 +628,12 @@ mod tests {
 		let mut pool = pool();
 
 		// when
-		pool.import(Transaction { data: vec![1u8], provides: vec![vec![1]], ..DEFAULT_TX.clone() })
-			.unwrap();
+		pool.import(Transaction {
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
+			provides: vec![vec![1]],
+			..default_tx().clone()
+		})
+		.unwrap();
 
 		// then
 		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 1);
@@ -571,10 +646,18 @@ mod tests {
 		let mut pool = pool();
 
 		// when
-		pool.import(Transaction { data: vec![1u8], provides: vec![vec![1]], ..DEFAULT_TX.clone() })
-			.unwrap();
-		pool.import(Transaction { data: vec![1u8], provides: vec![vec![1]], ..DEFAULT_TX.clone() })
-			.unwrap_err();
+		pool.import(Transaction {
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
+			provides: vec![vec![1]],
+			..default_tx().clone()
+		})
+		.unwrap();
+		pool.import(Transaction {
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
+			provides: vec![vec![1]],
+			..default_tx().clone()
+		})
+		.unwrap_err();
 
 		// then
 		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 1);
@@ -588,19 +671,19 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// when
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![1u8],
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
 			requires: vec![vec![0]],
 			provides: vec![vec![1]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 0);
 		assert_eq!(pool.ready.len(), 0);
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![2u8],
+			data: vec![2u8].into(),
 			hash: 2,
 			provides: vec![vec![0]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 
@@ -616,33 +699,33 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// when
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![1u8],
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
 			requires: vec![vec![0]],
 			provides: vec![vec![1]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![3u8],
+			data: vec![3u8].into(),
 			hash: 3,
 			requires: vec![vec![2]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![2u8],
+			data: vec![2u8].into(),
 			hash: 2,
 			requires: vec![vec![1]],
 			provides: vec![vec![3], vec![2]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![4u8],
+			data: vec![4u8].into(),
 			hash: 4,
 			priority: 1_000u64,
 			requires: vec![vec![3], vec![4]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 0);
@@ -650,10 +733,10 @@ mod tests {
 
 		let res = pool
 			.import(Transaction {
-				data: vec![5u8],
+				data: vec![5u8].into(),
 				hash: 5,
 				provides: vec![vec![0], vec![4]],
-				..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+				..default_tx().clone()
 			})
 			.unwrap();
 
@@ -682,18 +765,18 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let mut pool = pool();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![1u8],
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
 			requires: vec![vec![0]],
 			provides: vec![vec![1]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![3u8],
+			data: vec![3u8].into(),
 			hash: 3,
 			requires: vec![vec![1]],
 			provides: vec![vec![2]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 0);
@@ -701,11 +784,11 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// when
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![2u8],
+			data: vec![2u8].into(),
 			hash: 2,
 			requires: vec![vec![2]],
 			provides: vec![vec![0]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 
@@ -720,11 +803,11 @@ mod tests {
 		// let's close the cycle with one additional transaction
 		let res = pool
 			.import(Transaction {
-				data: vec![4u8],
+				data: vec![4u8].into(),
 				hash: 4,
 				priority: 50u64,
 				provides: vec![vec![0]],
-				..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+				..default_tx().clone()
 			})
 			.unwrap();
 		let mut it = pool.ready().into_iter().map(|tx| tx.data[0]);
@@ -744,18 +827,18 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let mut pool = pool();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![1u8],
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
 			requires: vec![vec![0]],
 			provides: vec![vec![1]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![3u8],
+			data: vec![3u8].into(),
 			hash: 3,
 			requires: vec![vec![1]],
 			provides: vec![vec![2]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 0);
@@ -763,11 +846,11 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// when
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![2u8],
+			data: vec![2u8].into(),
 			hash: 2,
 			requires: vec![vec![2]],
 			provides: vec![vec![0]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 
@@ -782,11 +865,11 @@ mod tests {
 		// let's close the cycle with one additional transaction
 		let err = pool
 			.import(Transaction {
-				data: vec![4u8],
+				data: vec![4u8].into(),
 				hash: 4,
 				priority: 1u64, // lower priority than Tx(2)
 				provides: vec![vec![0]],
-				..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+				..default_tx().clone()
 			})
 			.unwrap_err();
 		let mut it = pool.ready().into_iter().map(|tx| tx.data[0]);
@@ -804,49 +887,49 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let mut pool = pool();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![5u8],
+			data: vec![5u8].into(),
 			hash: 5,
 			provides: vec![vec![0], vec![4]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![1u8],
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
 			requires: vec![vec![0]],
 			provides: vec![vec![1]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![3u8],
+			data: vec![3u8].into(),
 			hash: 3,
 			requires: vec![vec![2]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![2u8],
+			data: vec![2u8].into(),
 			hash: 2,
 			requires: vec![vec![1]],
 			provides: vec![vec![3], vec![2]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![4u8],
+			data: vec![4u8].into(),
 			hash: 4,
 			priority: 1_000u64,
 			requires: vec![vec![3], vec![4]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		// future
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![6u8],
+			data: vec![6u8].into(),
 			hash: 6,
 			priority: 1_000u64,
 			requires: vec![vec![11]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		assert_eq!(pool.ready().count(), 5);
@@ -866,39 +949,43 @@ mod tests {
 		let mut pool = pool();
 		// future (waiting for 0)
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![5u8],
+			data: vec![5u8].into(),
 			hash: 5,
 			requires: vec![vec![0]],
 			provides: vec![vec![100]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		// ready
-		pool.import(Transaction { data: vec![1u8], provides: vec![vec![1]], ..DEFAULT_TX.clone() })
-			.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![2u8],
+			data: vec![1u8].into(),
+			provides: vec![vec![1]],
+			..default_tx().clone()
+		})
+		.unwrap();
+		pool.import(Transaction {
+			data: vec![2u8].into(),
 			hash: 2,
 			requires: vec![vec![2]],
 			provides: vec![vec![3]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![3u8],
+			data: vec![3u8].into(),
 			hash: 3,
 			requires: vec![vec![1]],
 			provides: vec![vec![2]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![4u8],
+			data: vec![4u8].into(),
 			hash: 4,
 			priority: 1_000u64,
 			requires: vec![vec![3], vec![2]],
 			provides: vec![vec![4]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 
@@ -927,12 +1014,12 @@ mod tests {
 			format!(
 				"{:?}",
 				Transaction {
-					data: vec![4u8],
+					data: vec![4u8].into(),
 					hash: 4,
 					priority: 1_000u64,
 					requires: vec![vec![3], vec![2]],
 					provides: vec![vec![4]],
-					..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+					..default_tx().clone()
 				}
 			),
 			"Transaction { \
@@ -946,12 +1033,12 @@ source: TransactionSource::External, requires: [03, 02], provides: [04], data: [
 	fn transaction_propagation() {
 		assert_eq!(
 			Transaction {
-				data: vec![4u8],
+				data: vec![4u8].into(),
 				hash: 4,
 				priority: 1_000u64,
 				requires: vec![vec![3], vec![2]],
 				provides: vec![vec![4]],
-				..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+				..default_tx().clone()
 			}
 			.is_propagable(),
 			true
@@ -959,13 +1046,13 @@ source: TransactionSource::External, requires: [03, 02], provides: [04], data: [
 
 		assert_eq!(
 			Transaction {
-				data: vec![4u8],
+				data: vec![4u8].into(),
 				hash: 4,
 				priority: 1_000u64,
 				requires: vec![vec![3], vec![2]],
 				provides: vec![vec![4]],
 				propagate: false,
-				..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+				..default_tx().clone()
 			}
 			.is_propagable(),
 			false
@@ -982,10 +1069,10 @@ source: TransactionSource::External, requires: [03, 02], provides: [04], data: [
 
 		// then
 		let err = pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![5u8],
+			data: vec![5u8].into(),
 			hash: 5,
 			requires: vec![vec![0]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		});
 
 		if let Err(error::Error::RejectedFutureTransaction) = err {
@@ -1001,10 +1088,10 @@ source: TransactionSource::External, requires: [03, 02], provides: [04], data: [
 
 		// when
 		pool.import(Transaction {
-			data: vec![5u8],
+			data: vec![5u8].into(),
 			hash: 5,
 			requires: vec![vec![0]],
-			..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+			..default_tx().clone()
 		})
 		.unwrap();
 
@@ -1027,10 +1114,10 @@ source: TransactionSource::External, requires: [03, 02], provides: [04], data: [
 		// when
 		let flag_value = pool.with_futures_enabled(|pool, flag| {
 			pool.import(Transaction {
-				data: vec![5u8],
+				data: vec![5u8].into(),
 				hash: 5,
 				requires: vec![vec![0]],
-				..DEFAULT_TX.clone()
+				..default_tx().clone()
 			})
 			.unwrap();
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/future.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/future.rs
index bad4663184854b3dd08072281eff98c717f6832d..2c1e64c04b7f2d72fb4e6a073b04fa40b828b538 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/future.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/future.rs
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ use sp_runtime::transaction_validity::TransactionTag as Tag;
 use std::time::Instant;
 
 use super::base_pool::Transaction;
+use crate::{common::log_xt::log_xt_trace, LOG_TARGET};
 
 /// Transaction with partially satisfied dependencies.
 pub struct WaitingTransaction<Hash, Ex> {
@@ -105,11 +106,11 @@ impl<Hash, Ex> WaitingTransaction<Hash, Ex> {
 
 /// A pool of transactions that are not yet ready to be included in the block.
 ///
-/// Contains transactions that are still awaiting for some other transactions that
+/// Contains transactions that are still awaiting some other transactions that
 /// could provide a tag that they require.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct FutureTransactions<Hash: hash::Hash + Eq, Ex> {
-	/// tags that are not yet provided by any transaction and we await for them
+	/// tags that are not yet provided by any transaction, and we await for them
 	wanted_tags: HashMap<Tag, HashSet<Hash>>,
 	/// Transactions waiting for a particular other transaction
 	waiting: HashMap<Hash, WaitingTransaction<Hash, Ex>>,
@@ -128,7 +129,9 @@ every hash from `wanted_tags` is always present in `waiting`;
 qed
 #";
 
-impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Eq + Clone, Ex> FutureTransactions<Hash, Ex> {
+impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Eq + Clone + std::fmt::Debug, Ex: std::fmt::Debug>
+	FutureTransactions<Hash, Ex>
+{
 	/// Import transaction to Future queue.
 	///
 	/// Only transactions that don't have all their tags satisfied should occupy
@@ -165,10 +168,30 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Eq + Clone, Ex> FutureTransactions<Hash, Ex> {
 			.collect()
 	}
 
+	/// Removes transactions that provide any of tags in the given list.
+	///
+	/// Returns list of removed transactions.
+	pub fn prune_tags(&mut self, tags: &Vec<Tag>) -> Vec<Arc<Transaction<Hash, Ex>>> {
+		let pruned = self
+			.waiting
+			.values()
+			.filter_map(|tx| {
+				tx.transaction
+					.provides
+					.iter()
+					.any(|provided_tag| tags.contains(provided_tag))
+					.then(|| tx.transaction.hash.clone())
+			})
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, &pruned, "[{:?}] FutureTransactions: removed while pruning tags.");
+		self.remove(&pruned)
+	}
+
 	/// Satisfies provided tags in transactions that are waiting for them.
 	///
 	/// Returns (and removes) transactions that became ready after their last tag got
-	/// satisfied and now we can remove them from Future and move to Ready queue.
+	/// satisfied, and now we can remove them from Future and move to Ready queue.
 	pub fn satisfy_tags<T: AsRef<Tag>>(
 		&mut self,
 		tags: impl IntoIterator<Item = T>,
@@ -218,6 +241,7 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Eq + Clone, Ex> FutureTransactions<Hash, Ex> {
 				removed.push(waiting_tx.transaction)
 			}
 		}
+
 		removed
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/listener.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/listener.rs
index 46b7957e0b31b2b8a79b60a40e2d5f25ae88fa99..a5593920eec4053cda1555f81331b16b804304ab 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/listener.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/listener.rs
@@ -18,18 +18,31 @@
 
 use std::{collections::HashMap, fmt::Debug, hash};
 
-use crate::LOG_TARGET;
 use linked_hash_map::LinkedHashMap;
-use log::{debug, trace};
+use log::trace;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionStatus;
+use sc_utils::mpsc::{tracing_unbounded, TracingUnboundedReceiver, TracingUnboundedSender};
 use serde::Serialize;
 use sp_runtime::traits;
 
 use super::{watcher, BlockHash, ChainApi, ExtrinsicHash};
 
+static LOG_TARGET: &str = "txpool::watcher";
+
+/// Single event used in dropped by limits stream. It is one of Ready/Future/Dropped.
+pub type DroppedByLimitsEvent<H, BH> = (H, TransactionStatus<H, BH>);
+/// Stream of events used to determine if a transaction was dropped.
+pub type DroppedByLimitsStream<H, BH> = TracingUnboundedReceiver<DroppedByLimitsEvent<H, BH>>;
+
 /// Extrinsic pool default listener.
 pub struct Listener<H: hash::Hash + Eq, C: ChainApi> {
-	watchers: HashMap<H, watcher::Sender<H, ExtrinsicHash<C>>>,
+	watchers: HashMap<H, watcher::Sender<H, BlockHash<C>>>,
 	finality_watchers: LinkedHashMap<ExtrinsicHash<C>, Vec<H>>,
+
+	/// The sink used to notify dropped-by-enforcing-limits transactions. Also ready and future
+	/// statuses are reported via this channel to allow consumer of the stream tracking actual
+	/// drops.
+	dropped_by_limits_sink: Option<TracingUnboundedSender<DroppedByLimitsEvent<H, BlockHash<C>>>>,
 }
 
 /// Maximum number of blocks awaiting finality at any time.
@@ -37,11 +50,15 @@ const MAX_FINALITY_WATCHERS: usize = 512;
 
 impl<H: hash::Hash + Eq + Debug, C: ChainApi> Default for Listener<H, C> {
 	fn default() -> Self {
-		Self { watchers: Default::default(), finality_watchers: Default::default() }
+		Self {
+			watchers: Default::default(),
+			finality_watchers: Default::default(),
+			dropped_by_limits_sink: None,
+		}
 	}
 }
 
-impl<H: hash::Hash + traits::Member + Serialize, C: ChainApi> Listener<H, C> {
+impl<H: hash::Hash + traits::Member + Serialize + Clone, C: ChainApi> Listener<H, C> {
 	fn fire<F>(&mut self, hash: &H, fun: F)
 	where
 		F: FnOnce(&mut watcher::Sender<H, ExtrinsicHash<C>>),
@@ -66,6 +83,15 @@ impl<H: hash::Hash + traits::Member + Serialize, C: ChainApi> Listener<H, C> {
 		sender.new_watcher(hash)
 	}
 
+	/// Creates a new single stream for entire pool.
+	///
+	/// The stream can be used to subscribe to life-cycle events of all extrinsics in the pool.
+	pub fn create_dropped_by_limits_stream(&mut self) -> DroppedByLimitsStream<H, BlockHash<C>> {
+		let (sender, single_stream) = tracing_unbounded("mpsc_txpool_watcher", 100_000);
+		self.dropped_by_limits_sink = Some(sender);
+		single_stream
+	}
+
 	/// Notify the listeners about extrinsic broadcast.
 	pub fn broadcasted(&mut self, hash: &H, peers: Vec<String>) {
 		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Broadcasted", hash);
@@ -79,32 +105,55 @@ impl<H: hash::Hash + traits::Member + Serialize, C: ChainApi> Listener<H, C> {
 		if let Some(old) = old {
 			self.fire(old, |watcher| watcher.usurped(tx.clone()));
 		}
+
+		if let Some(ref sink) = self.dropped_by_limits_sink {
+			if let Err(e) = sink.unbounded_send((tx.clone(), TransactionStatus::Ready)) {
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] dropped_sink/ready: send message failed: {:?}", tx, e);
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	/// New transaction was added to the future pool.
 	pub fn future(&mut self, tx: &H) {
 		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Future", tx);
 		self.fire(tx, |watcher| watcher.future());
+		if let Some(ref sink) = self.dropped_by_limits_sink {
+			if let Err(e) = sink.unbounded_send((tx.clone(), TransactionStatus::Future)) {
+				trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] dropped_sink/future: send message failed: {:?}", tx, e);
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	/// Transaction was dropped from the pool because of the limit.
-	pub fn dropped(&mut self, tx: &H, by: Option<&H>) {
+	///
+	/// If the function was actually called due to enforcing limits, the `limits_enforced` flag
+	/// shall be set to true.
+	pub fn dropped(&mut self, tx: &H, by: Option<&H>, limits_enforced: bool) {
 		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Dropped (replaced with {:?})", tx, by);
 		self.fire(tx, |watcher| match by {
 			Some(t) => watcher.usurped(t.clone()),
 			None => watcher.dropped(),
-		})
+		});
+
+		//note: LimitEnforced could be introduced as new status to get rid of this flag.
+		if limits_enforced {
+			if let Some(ref sink) = self.dropped_by_limits_sink {
+				if let Err(e) = sink.unbounded_send((tx.clone(), TransactionStatus::Dropped)) {
+					trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] dropped_sink/future: send message failed: {:?}", tx, e);
+				}
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	/// Transaction was removed as invalid.
 	pub fn invalid(&mut self, tx: &H) {
-		debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Extrinsic invalid", tx);
+		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Extrinsic invalid", tx);
 		self.fire(tx, |watcher| watcher.invalid());
 	}
 
 	/// Transaction was pruned from the pool.
 	pub fn pruned(&mut self, block_hash: BlockHash<C>, tx: &H) {
-		debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Pruned at {:?}", tx, block_hash);
+		trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] Pruned at {:?}", tx, block_hash);
 		// Get the transactions included in the given block hash.
 		let txs = self.finality_watchers.entry(block_hash).or_insert(vec![]);
 		txs.push(tx.clone());
@@ -135,7 +184,7 @@ impl<H: hash::Hash + traits::Member + Serialize, C: ChainApi> Listener<H, C> {
 	pub fn finalized(&mut self, block_hash: BlockHash<C>) {
 		if let Some(hashes) = self.finality_watchers.remove(&block_hash) {
 			for (tx_index, hash) in hashes.into_iter().enumerate() {
-				log::debug!(
+				log::trace!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
 					"[{:?}] Sent finalization event (block {:?})",
 					hash,
@@ -145,4 +194,9 @@ impl<H: hash::Hash + traits::Member + Serialize, C: ChainApi> Listener<H, C> {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
+	/// Provides hashes of all watched transactions.
+	pub fn watched_transactions(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &H> {
+		self.watchers.keys()
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/mod.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/mod.rs
index 484a6d6cf9f07787a51cbd3a2ae6d339e157ce43..c1225d7356d94542f674615ce9cfb2be4be912e3 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/mod.rs
@@ -37,8 +37,10 @@ mod validated_pool;
 pub mod base_pool;
 pub mod watcher;
 
-pub use self::{
-	base_pool::Transaction,
-	pool::{BlockHash, ChainApi, ExtrinsicFor, ExtrinsicHash, NumberFor, Options, Pool},
+pub use self::pool::{
+	BlockHash, ChainApi, ExtrinsicFor, ExtrinsicHash, NumberFor, Options, Pool, RawExtrinsicFor,
+	TransactionFor, ValidatedTransactionFor,
 };
 pub use validated_pool::{IsValidator, ValidatedTransaction};
+
+pub(crate) use listener::DroppedByLimitsEvent;
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/pool.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/pool.rs
index 5305b5f1c12ebe99668413f87e8becfe4ba45e82..6d08a0f0b93c0ed57b9e825e146cf1d0622d99be 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/pool.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/pool.rs
@@ -16,12 +16,11 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
-
-use crate::LOG_TARGET;
+use crate::{common::log_xt::log_xt_trace, LOG_TARGET};
 use futures::{channel::mpsc::Receiver, Future};
+use indexmap::IndexMap;
 use sc_transaction_pool_api::error;
-use sp_blockchain::TreeRoute;
+use sp_blockchain::{HashAndNumber, TreeRoute};
 use sp_runtime::{
 	generic::BlockId,
 	traits::{self, Block as BlockT, SaturatedConversion},
@@ -29,7 +28,11 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 		TransactionSource, TransactionTag as Tag, TransactionValidity, TransactionValidityError,
 	},
 };
-use std::time::Instant;
+use std::{
+	collections::HashMap,
+	sync::Arc,
+	time::{Duration, Instant},
+};
 
 use super::{
 	base_pool as base,
@@ -44,8 +47,10 @@ pub type EventStream<H> = Receiver<H>;
 pub type BlockHash<A> = <<A as ChainApi>::Block as traits::Block>::Hash;
 /// Extrinsic hash type for a pool.
 pub type ExtrinsicHash<A> = <<A as ChainApi>::Block as traits::Block>::Hash;
-/// Extrinsic type for a pool.
-pub type ExtrinsicFor<A> = <<A as ChainApi>::Block as traits::Block>::Extrinsic;
+/// Extrinsic type for a pool (reference counted).
+pub type ExtrinsicFor<A> = Arc<<<A as ChainApi>::Block as traits::Block>::Extrinsic>;
+/// Extrinsic type for a pool (raw data).
+pub type RawExtrinsicFor<A> = <<A as ChainApi>::Block as traits::Block>::Extrinsic;
 /// Block number type for the ChainApi
 pub type NumberFor<A> = traits::NumberFor<<A as ChainApi>::Block>;
 /// A type of transaction stored in the pool
@@ -89,7 +94,7 @@ pub trait ChainApi: Send + Sync {
 	) -> Result<Option<<Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash>, Self::Error>;
 
 	/// Returns hash and encoding length of the extrinsic.
-	fn hash_and_length(&self, uxt: &ExtrinsicFor<Self>) -> (ExtrinsicHash<Self>, usize);
+	fn hash_and_length(&self, uxt: &RawExtrinsicFor<Self>) -> (ExtrinsicHash<Self>, usize);
 
 	/// Returns a block body given the block.
 	fn block_body(&self, at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash) -> Self::BodyFuture;
@@ -106,6 +111,16 @@ pub trait ChainApi: Send + Sync {
 		from: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
 		to: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
 	) -> Result<TreeRoute<Self::Block>, Self::Error>;
+
+	/// Resolves block number by id.
+	fn resolve_block_number(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+	) -> Result<NumberFor<Self>, Self::Error> {
+		self.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(at)).and_then(|number| {
+			number.ok_or_else(|| error::Error::InvalidBlockId(format!("{:?}", at)).into())
+		})
+	}
 }
 
 /// Pool configuration options.
@@ -154,13 +169,13 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 	/// Imports a bunch of unverified extrinsics to the pool
 	pub async fn submit_at(
 		&self,
-		at: <B::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		source: TransactionSource,
 		xts: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicFor<B>>,
-	) -> Result<Vec<Result<ExtrinsicHash<B>, B::Error>>, B::Error> {
+	) -> Vec<Result<ExtrinsicHash<B>, B::Error>> {
 		let xts = xts.into_iter().map(|xt| (source, xt));
-		let validated_transactions = self.verify(at, xts, CheckBannedBeforeVerify::Yes).await?;
-		Ok(self.validated_pool.submit(validated_transactions.into_values()))
+		let validated_transactions = self.verify(at, xts, CheckBannedBeforeVerify::Yes).await;
+		self.validated_pool.submit(validated_transactions.into_values())
 	}
 
 	/// Resubmit the given extrinsics to the pool.
@@ -168,36 +183,35 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 	/// This does not check if a transaction is banned, before we verify it again.
 	pub async fn resubmit_at(
 		&self,
-		at: <B::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		source: TransactionSource,
 		xts: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicFor<B>>,
-	) -> Result<Vec<Result<ExtrinsicHash<B>, B::Error>>, B::Error> {
+	) -> Vec<Result<ExtrinsicHash<B>, B::Error>> {
 		let xts = xts.into_iter().map(|xt| (source, xt));
-		let validated_transactions = self.verify(at, xts, CheckBannedBeforeVerify::No).await?;
-		Ok(self.validated_pool.submit(validated_transactions.into_values()))
+		let validated_transactions = self.verify(at, xts, CheckBannedBeforeVerify::No).await;
+		self.validated_pool.submit(validated_transactions.into_values())
 	}
 
 	/// Imports one unverified extrinsic to the pool
 	pub async fn submit_one(
 		&self,
-		at: <B::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		source: TransactionSource,
 		xt: ExtrinsicFor<B>,
 	) -> Result<ExtrinsicHash<B>, B::Error> {
-		let res = self.submit_at(at, source, std::iter::once(xt)).await?.pop();
+		let res = self.submit_at(at, source, std::iter::once(xt)).await.pop();
 		res.expect("One extrinsic passed; one result returned; qed")
 	}
 
 	/// Import a single extrinsic and starts to watch its progress in the pool.
 	pub async fn submit_and_watch(
 		&self,
-		at: <B::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		source: TransactionSource,
 		xt: ExtrinsicFor<B>,
 	) -> Result<Watcher<ExtrinsicHash<B>, ExtrinsicHash<B>>, B::Error> {
-		let block_number = self.resolve_block_number(&BlockId::Hash(at))?;
 		let (_, tx) = self
-			.verify_one(at, block_number, source, xt, CheckBannedBeforeVerify::Yes)
+			.verify_one(at.hash, at.number, source, xt, CheckBannedBeforeVerify::Yes)
 			.await;
 		self.validated_pool.submit_and_watch(tx)
 	}
@@ -209,7 +223,7 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 	) {
 		let now = Instant::now();
 		self.validated_pool.resubmit(revalidated_transactions);
-		log::debug!(
+		log::trace!(
 			target: LOG_TARGET,
 			"Resubmitted. Took {} ms. Status: {:?}",
 			now.elapsed().as_millis(),
@@ -222,34 +236,30 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 	/// Used to clear the pool from transactions that were part of recently imported block.
 	/// The main difference from the `prune` is that we do not revalidate any transactions
 	/// and ignore unknown passed hashes.
-	pub fn prune_known(
-		&self,
-		at: &BlockId<B::Block>,
-		hashes: &[ExtrinsicHash<B>],
-	) -> Result<(), B::Error> {
+	pub fn prune_known(&self, at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>, hashes: &[ExtrinsicHash<B>]) {
 		// Get details of all extrinsics that are already in the pool
 		let in_pool_tags =
 			self.validated_pool.extrinsics_tags(hashes).into_iter().flatten().flatten();
 
 		// Prune all transactions that provide given tags
-		let prune_status = self.validated_pool.prune_tags(in_pool_tags)?;
+		let prune_status = self.validated_pool.prune_tags(in_pool_tags);
 		let pruned_transactions =
 			hashes.iter().cloned().chain(prune_status.pruned.iter().map(|tx| tx.hash));
-		self.validated_pool.fire_pruned(at, pruned_transactions)
+		self.validated_pool.fire_pruned(at, pruned_transactions);
 	}
 
 	/// Prunes ready transactions.
 	///
 	/// Used to clear the pool from transactions that were part of recently imported block.
 	/// To perform pruning we need the tags that each extrinsic provides and to avoid calling
-	/// into runtime too often we first lookup all extrinsics that are in the pool and get
+	/// into runtime too often we first look up all extrinsics that are in the pool and get
 	/// their provided tags from there. Otherwise we query the runtime at the `parent` block.
 	pub async fn prune(
 		&self,
-		at: <B::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		parent: <B::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
-		extrinsics: &[ExtrinsicFor<B>],
-	) -> Result<(), B::Error> {
+		extrinsics: &[RawExtrinsicFor<B>],
+	) {
 		log::debug!(
 			target: LOG_TARGET,
 			"Starting pruning of block {:?} (extrinsics: {})",
@@ -264,6 +274,7 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 		// Zip the ones from the pool with the full list (we get pairs `(Extrinsic,
 		// Option<Vec<Tag>>)`)
 		let all = extrinsics.iter().zip(in_pool_tags.into_iter());
+		let mut validated_counter: usize = 0;
 
 		let mut future_tags = Vec::new();
 		for (extrinsic, in_pool_tags) in all {
@@ -275,16 +286,19 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 				None => {
 					// Avoid validating block txs if the pool is empty
 					if !self.validated_pool.status().is_empty() {
+						validated_counter = validated_counter + 1;
 						let validity = self
 							.validated_pool
 							.api()
 							.validate_transaction(
 								parent,
 								TransactionSource::InBlock,
-								extrinsic.clone(),
+								Arc::from(extrinsic.clone()),
 							)
 							.await;
 
+						log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET,"[{:?}] prune::revalidated {:?}", self.validated_pool.api().hash_and_length(&extrinsic.clone()).0, validity);
+
 						if let Ok(Ok(validity)) = validity {
 							future_tags.extend(validity.provides);
 						}
@@ -298,6 +312,8 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 			}
 		}
 
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET,"prune: validated_counter:{validated_counter}");
+
 		self.prune_tags(at, future_tags, in_pool_hashes).await
 	}
 
@@ -324,13 +340,13 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 	/// prevent importing them in the (near) future.
 	pub async fn prune_tags(
 		&self,
-		at: <B::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		tags: impl IntoIterator<Item = Tag>,
 		known_imported_hashes: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicHash<B>> + Clone,
-	) -> Result<(), B::Error> {
-		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Pruning at {:?}", at);
+	) {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Pruning at {:?}", at);
 		// Prune all transactions that provide given tags
-		let prune_status = self.validated_pool.prune_tags(tags)?;
+		let prune_status = self.validated_pool.prune_tags(tags);
 
 		// Make sure that we don't revalidate extrinsics that were part of the recently
 		// imported block. This is especially important for UTXO-like chains cause the
@@ -340,18 +356,20 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 
 		// Try to re-validate pruned transactions since some of them might be still valid.
 		// note that `known_imported_hashes` will be rejected here due to temporary ban.
-		let pruned_hashes = prune_status.pruned.iter().map(|tx| tx.hash).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 		let pruned_transactions =
 			prune_status.pruned.into_iter().map(|tx| (tx.source, tx.data.clone()));
 
 		let reverified_transactions =
-			self.verify(at, pruned_transactions, CheckBannedBeforeVerify::Yes).await?;
+			self.verify(at, pruned_transactions, CheckBannedBeforeVerify::Yes).await;
 
-		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Pruning at {:?}. Resubmitting transactions.", at);
-		// And finally - submit reverified transactions back to the pool
+		let pruned_hashes = reverified_transactions.keys().map(Clone::clone).collect();
+
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Pruning at {:?}. Resubmitting transactions: {}", &at, reverified_transactions.len());
+		log_xt_trace!(data: tuple, target: LOG_TARGET, &reverified_transactions, "[{:?}] Resubmitting transaction: {:?}");
 
+		// And finally - submit reverified transactions back to the pool
 		self.validated_pool.resubmit_pruned(
-			&BlockId::Hash(at),
+			&at,
 			known_imported_hashes,
 			pruned_hashes,
 			reverified_transactions.into_values().collect(),
@@ -359,36 +377,28 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 	}
 
 	/// Returns transaction hash
-	pub fn hash_of(&self, xt: &ExtrinsicFor<B>) -> ExtrinsicHash<B> {
+	pub fn hash_of(&self, xt: &RawExtrinsicFor<B>) -> ExtrinsicHash<B> {
 		self.validated_pool.api().hash_and_length(xt).0
 	}
 
-	/// Resolves block number by id.
-	fn resolve_block_number(&self, at: &BlockId<B::Block>) -> Result<NumberFor<B>, B::Error> {
-		self.validated_pool.api().block_id_to_number(at).and_then(|number| {
-			number.ok_or_else(|| error::Error::InvalidBlockId(format!("{:?}", at)).into())
-		})
-	}
-
 	/// Returns future that validates a bunch of transactions at given block.
 	async fn verify(
 		&self,
-		at: <B::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		xts: impl IntoIterator<Item = (TransactionSource, ExtrinsicFor<B>)>,
 		check: CheckBannedBeforeVerify,
-	) -> Result<HashMap<ExtrinsicHash<B>, ValidatedTransactionFor<B>>, B::Error> {
-		// we need a block number to compute tx validity
-		let block_number = self.resolve_block_number(&BlockId::Hash(at))?;
+	) -> IndexMap<ExtrinsicHash<B>, ValidatedTransactionFor<B>> {
+		let HashAndNumber { number, hash } = *at;
 
 		let res = futures::future::join_all(
 			xts.into_iter()
-				.map(|(source, xt)| self.verify_one(at, block_number, source, xt, check)),
+				.map(|(source, xt)| self.verify_one(hash, number, source, xt, check)),
 		)
 		.await
 		.into_iter()
-		.collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();
+		.collect::<IndexMap<_, _>>();
 
-		Ok(res)
+		res
 	}
 
 	/// Returns future that validates single transaction at given block.
@@ -441,22 +451,31 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
 		(hash, validity)
 	}
 
-	/// get a reference to the underlying validated pool.
+	/// Get a reference to the underlying validated pool.
 	pub fn validated_pool(&self) -> &ValidatedPool<B> {
 		&self.validated_pool
 	}
+
+	/// Clears the recently pruned transactions in validated pool.
+	pub fn clear_recently_pruned(&mut self) {
+		self.validated_pool.pool.write().clear_recently_pruned();
+	}
 }
 
-impl<B: ChainApi> Clone for Pool<B> {
-	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
-		Self { validated_pool: self.validated_pool.clone() }
+impl<B: ChainApi> Pool<B> {
+	/// Deep clones the pool.
+	///
+	/// Must be called on purpose: it duplicates all the internal structures.
+	pub fn deep_clone(&self) -> Self {
+		let other: ValidatedPool<B> = (*self.validated_pool).clone();
+		Self { validated_pool: Arc::from(other) }
 	}
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::{super::base_pool::Limit, *};
-	use crate::tests::{pool, uxt, TestApi, INVALID_NONCE};
+	use crate::common::tests::{pool, uxt, TestApi, INVALID_NONCE};
 	use assert_matches::assert_matches;
 	use codec::Encode;
 	use futures::executor::block_on;
@@ -475,22 +494,58 @@ mod tests {
 		let (pool, api) = pool();
 
 		// when
-		let hash = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-			api.expect_hash_from_number(0),
-			SOURCE,
-			uxt(Transfer {
-				from: Alice.into(),
-				to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-				amount: 5,
-				nonce: 0,
-			}),
-		))
+		let hash = block_on(
+			pool.submit_one(
+				&api.expect_hash_and_number(0),
+				SOURCE,
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Alice.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: 0,
+				})
+				.into(),
+			),
+		)
 		.unwrap();
 
 		// then
 		assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().ready().map(|v| v.hash).collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![hash]);
 	}
 
+	#[test]
+	fn submit_at_preserves_order() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		// given
+		let (pool, api) = pool();
+
+		let txs = (0..10)
+			.map(|i| {
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Alice.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(i)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: i,
+				})
+				.into()
+			})
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		let initial_hashes = txs.iter().map(|t| api.hash_and_length(t).0).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		// when
+		let txs = txs.into_iter().map(|x| Arc::from(x)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		let hashes = block_on(pool.submit_at(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, txs));
+		log::debug!("--> {hashes:#?}");
+
+		// then
+		hashes.into_iter().zip(initial_hashes.into_iter()).for_each(
+			|(result_hash, initial_hash)| {
+				assert_eq!(result_hash.unwrap(), initial_hash);
+			},
+		);
+	}
+
 	#[test]
 	fn should_reject_if_temporarily_banned() {
 		// given
@@ -504,7 +559,7 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// when
 		pool.validated_pool.ban(&Instant::now(), vec![pool.hash_of(&uxt)]);
-		let res = block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt));
+		let res = block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.into()));
 		assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 0);
 		assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 0);
 
@@ -527,7 +582,7 @@ mod tests {
 		let uxt = ExtrinsicBuilder::new_include_data(vec![42]).build();
 
 		// when
-		let res = block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt));
+		let res = block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.into()));
 
 		// then
 		assert_matches!(res.unwrap_err(), error::Error::Unactionable);
@@ -538,43 +593,52 @@ mod tests {
 		let (stream, hash0, hash1) = {
 			// given
 			let (pool, api) = pool();
-			let hash_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_from_number(0);
+			let han_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_and_number(0);
 			let stream = pool.validated_pool().import_notification_stream();
 
 			// when
-			let hash0 = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-				hash_of_block0,
-				SOURCE,
-				uxt(Transfer {
-					from: Alice.into(),
-					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-					amount: 5,
-					nonce: 0,
-				}),
-			))
+			let hash0 = block_on(
+				pool.submit_one(
+					&han_of_block0,
+					SOURCE,
+					uxt(Transfer {
+						from: Alice.into(),
+						to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+						amount: 5,
+						nonce: 0,
+					})
+					.into(),
+				),
+			)
 			.unwrap();
-			let hash1 = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-				hash_of_block0,
-				SOURCE,
-				uxt(Transfer {
-					from: Alice.into(),
-					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-					amount: 5,
-					nonce: 1,
-				}),
-			))
+			let hash1 = block_on(
+				pool.submit_one(
+					&han_of_block0,
+					SOURCE,
+					uxt(Transfer {
+						from: Alice.into(),
+						to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+						amount: 5,
+						nonce: 1,
+					})
+					.into(),
+				),
+			)
 			.unwrap();
 			// future doesn't count
-			let _hash = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-				hash_of_block0,
-				SOURCE,
-				uxt(Transfer {
-					from: Alice.into(),
-					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-					amount: 5,
-					nonce: 3,
-				}),
-			))
+			let _hash = block_on(
+				pool.submit_one(
+					&han_of_block0,
+					SOURCE,
+					uxt(Transfer {
+						from: Alice.into(),
+						to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+						amount: 5,
+						nonce: 3,
+					})
+					.into(),
+				),
+			)
 			.unwrap();
 
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 2);
@@ -594,43 +658,52 @@ mod tests {
 	fn should_clear_stale_transactions() {
 		// given
 		let (pool, api) = pool();
-		let hash_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_from_number(0);
-		let hash1 = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-			hash_of_block0,
-			SOURCE,
-			uxt(Transfer {
-				from: Alice.into(),
-				to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-				amount: 5,
-				nonce: 0,
-			}),
-		))
+		let han_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_and_number(0);
+		let hash1 = block_on(
+			pool.submit_one(
+				&han_of_block0,
+				SOURCE,
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Alice.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: 0,
+				})
+				.into(),
+			),
+		)
 		.unwrap();
-		let hash2 = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-			hash_of_block0,
-			SOURCE,
-			uxt(Transfer {
-				from: Alice.into(),
-				to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-				amount: 5,
-				nonce: 1,
-			}),
-		))
+		let hash2 = block_on(
+			pool.submit_one(
+				&han_of_block0,
+				SOURCE,
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Alice.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: 1,
+				})
+				.into(),
+			),
+		)
 		.unwrap();
-		let hash3 = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-			hash_of_block0,
-			SOURCE,
-			uxt(Transfer {
-				from: Alice.into(),
-				to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-				amount: 5,
-				nonce: 3,
-			}),
-		))
+		let hash3 = block_on(
+			pool.submit_one(
+				&han_of_block0,
+				SOURCE,
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Alice.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: 3,
+				})
+				.into(),
+			),
+		)
 		.unwrap();
 
 		// when
-		pool.validated_pool.clear_stale(&BlockId::Number(5)).unwrap();
+		pool.validated_pool.clear_stale(&api.expect_hash_and_number(5));
 
 		// then
 		assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().ready().count(), 0);
@@ -646,21 +719,23 @@ mod tests {
 	fn should_ban_mined_transactions() {
 		// given
 		let (pool, api) = pool();
-		let hash1 = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-			api.expect_hash_from_number(0),
-			SOURCE,
-			uxt(Transfer {
-				from: Alice.into(),
-				to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-				amount: 5,
-				nonce: 0,
-			}),
-		))
+		let hash1 = block_on(
+			pool.submit_one(
+				&api.expect_hash_and_number(0),
+				SOURCE,
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Alice.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: 0,
+				})
+				.into(),
+			),
+		)
 		.unwrap();
 
 		// when
-		block_on(pool.prune_tags(api.expect_hash_from_number(1), vec![vec![0]], vec![hash1]))
-			.unwrap();
+		block_on(pool.prune_tags(&api.expect_hash_and_number(1), vec![vec![0]], vec![hash1]));
 
 		// then
 		assert!(pool.validated_pool.is_banned(&hash1));
@@ -685,20 +760,24 @@ mod tests {
 		let api = Arc::new(TestApi::default());
 		let pool = Pool::new(options, true.into(), api.clone());
 
-		let hash1 = block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
+		let hash1 =
+			block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, xt.into())).unwrap();
 		assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 1);
 
 		// when
-		let hash2 = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-			api.expect_hash_from_number(0),
-			SOURCE,
-			uxt(Transfer {
-				from: Bob.into(),
-				to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-				amount: 5,
-				nonce: 10,
-			}),
-		))
+		let hash2 = block_on(
+			pool.submit_one(
+				&api.expect_hash_and_number(0),
+				SOURCE,
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Bob.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: 10,
+				})
+				.into(),
+			),
+		)
 		.unwrap();
 
 		// then
@@ -718,16 +797,19 @@ mod tests {
 		let pool = Pool::new(options, true.into(), api.clone());
 
 		// when
-		block_on(pool.submit_one(
-			api.expect_hash_from_number(0),
-			SOURCE,
-			uxt(Transfer {
-				from: Alice.into(),
-				to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-				amount: 5,
-				nonce: 1,
-			}),
-		))
+		block_on(
+			pool.submit_one(
+				&api.expect_hash_and_number(0),
+				SOURCE,
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Alice.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: 1,
+				})
+				.into(),
+			),
+		)
 		.unwrap_err();
 
 		// then
@@ -741,16 +823,19 @@ mod tests {
 		let (pool, api) = pool();
 
 		// when
-		let err = block_on(pool.submit_one(
-			api.expect_hash_from_number(0),
-			SOURCE,
-			uxt(Transfer {
-				from: Alice.into(),
-				to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-				amount: 5,
-				nonce: INVALID_NONCE,
-			}),
-		))
+		let err = block_on(
+			pool.submit_one(
+				&api.expect_hash_and_number(0),
+				SOURCE,
+				uxt(Transfer {
+					from: Alice.into(),
+					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+					amount: 5,
+					nonce: INVALID_NONCE,
+				})
+				.into(),
+			),
+		)
 		.unwrap_err();
 
 		// then
@@ -766,96 +851,113 @@ mod tests {
 		fn should_trigger_ready_and_finalized() {
 			// given
 			let (pool, api) = pool();
-			let watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(
-				api.expect_hash_from_number(0),
-				SOURCE,
-				uxt(Transfer {
-					from: Alice.into(),
-					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-					amount: 5,
-					nonce: 0,
-				}),
-			))
+			let watcher = block_on(
+				pool.submit_and_watch(
+					&api.expect_hash_and_number(0),
+					SOURCE,
+					uxt(Transfer {
+						from: Alice.into(),
+						to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+						amount: 5,
+						nonce: 0,
+					})
+					.into(),
+				),
+			)
 			.unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 0);
 
-			let hash_of_block2 = api.expect_hash_from_number(2);
+			let han_of_block2 = api.expect_hash_and_number(2);
 
 			// when
-			block_on(pool.prune_tags(hash_of_block2, vec![vec![0u8]], vec![])).unwrap();
+			block_on(pool.prune_tags(&han_of_block2, vec![vec![0u8]], vec![]));
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 0);
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 0);
 
 			// then
 			let mut stream = futures::executor::block_on_stream(watcher.into_stream());
 			assert_eq!(stream.next(), Some(TransactionStatus::Ready));
-			assert_eq!(stream.next(), Some(TransactionStatus::InBlock((hash_of_block2.into(), 0))),);
+			assert_eq!(
+				stream.next(),
+				Some(TransactionStatus::InBlock((han_of_block2.hash.into(), 0))),
+			);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn should_trigger_ready_and_finalized_when_pruning_via_hash() {
 			// given
 			let (pool, api) = pool();
-			let watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(
-				api.expect_hash_from_number(0),
-				SOURCE,
-				uxt(Transfer {
-					from: Alice.into(),
-					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-					amount: 5,
-					nonce: 0,
-				}),
-			))
+			let watcher = block_on(
+				pool.submit_and_watch(
+					&api.expect_hash_and_number(0),
+					SOURCE,
+					uxt(Transfer {
+						from: Alice.into(),
+						to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+						amount: 5,
+						nonce: 0,
+					})
+					.into(),
+				),
+			)
 			.unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 0);
 
-			let hash_of_block2 = api.expect_hash_from_number(2);
+			let han_of_block2 = api.expect_hash_and_number(2);
 
 			// when
-			block_on(pool.prune_tags(hash_of_block2, vec![vec![0u8]], vec![*watcher.hash()]))
-				.unwrap();
+			block_on(pool.prune_tags(&han_of_block2, vec![vec![0u8]], vec![*watcher.hash()]));
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 0);
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 0);
 
 			// then
 			let mut stream = futures::executor::block_on_stream(watcher.into_stream());
 			assert_eq!(stream.next(), Some(TransactionStatus::Ready));
-			assert_eq!(stream.next(), Some(TransactionStatus::InBlock((hash_of_block2.into(), 0))),);
+			assert_eq!(
+				stream.next(),
+				Some(TransactionStatus::InBlock((han_of_block2.hash.into(), 0))),
+			);
 		}
 
 		#[test]
 		fn should_trigger_future_and_ready_after_promoted() {
 			// given
 			let (pool, api) = pool();
-			let hash_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_from_number(0);
-
-			let watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(
-				hash_of_block0,
-				SOURCE,
-				uxt(Transfer {
-					from: Alice.into(),
-					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-					amount: 5,
-					nonce: 1,
-				}),
-			))
+			let han_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_and_number(0);
+
+			let watcher = block_on(
+				pool.submit_and_watch(
+					&han_of_block0,
+					SOURCE,
+					uxt(Transfer {
+						from: Alice.into(),
+						to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+						amount: 5,
+						nonce: 1,
+					})
+					.into(),
+				),
+			)
 			.unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 0);
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 1);
 
 			// when
-			block_on(pool.submit_one(
-				hash_of_block0,
-				SOURCE,
-				uxt(Transfer {
-					from: Alice.into(),
-					to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
-					amount: 5,
-					nonce: 0,
-				}),
-			))
+			block_on(
+				pool.submit_one(
+					&han_of_block0,
+					SOURCE,
+					uxt(Transfer {
+						from: Alice.into(),
+						to: AccountId::from_h256(H256::from_low_u64_be(2)),
+						amount: 5,
+						nonce: 0,
+					})
+					.into(),
+				),
+			)
 			.unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 2);
 
@@ -876,7 +978,7 @@ mod tests {
 				nonce: 0,
 			});
 			let watcher =
-				block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt))
+				block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.into()))
 					.unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 
@@ -901,7 +1003,7 @@ mod tests {
 				nonce: 0,
 			});
 			let watcher =
-				block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt))
+				block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.into()))
 					.unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 
@@ -934,7 +1036,7 @@ mod tests {
 				nonce: 0,
 			});
 			let watcher =
-				block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, xt))
+				block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, xt.into()))
 					.unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 
@@ -945,7 +1047,7 @@ mod tests {
 				amount: 4,
 				nonce: 1,
 			});
-			block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(1), SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
+			block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(1), SOURCE, xt.into())).unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 
 			// then
@@ -968,7 +1070,8 @@ mod tests {
 				// after validation `IncludeData` will have priority set to 9001
 				// (validate_transaction mock)
 				let xt = ExtrinsicBuilder::new_include_data(Vec::new()).build();
-				block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
+				block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, xt.into()))
+					.unwrap();
 				assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 
 				// then
@@ -980,7 +1083,8 @@ mod tests {
 					amount: 4,
 					nonce: 1,
 				});
-				let result = block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(1), SOURCE, xt));
+				let result =
+					block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(1), SOURCE, xt.into()));
 				assert!(matches!(
 					result,
 					Err(sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error::ImmediatelyDropped)
@@ -995,12 +1099,12 @@ mod tests {
 				let api = Arc::new(TestApi::default());
 				let pool = Pool::new(options, true.into(), api.clone());
 
-				let hash_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_from_number(0);
+				let han_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_and_number(0);
 
 				// after validation `IncludeData` will have priority set to 9001
 				// (validate_transaction mock)
 				let xt = ExtrinsicBuilder::new_include_data(Vec::new()).build();
-				block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(hash_of_block0, SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
+				block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(&han_of_block0, SOURCE, xt.into())).unwrap();
 				assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 
 				// after validation `Transfer` will have priority set to 4 (validate_transaction
@@ -1011,14 +1115,16 @@ mod tests {
 					amount: 5,
 					nonce: 0,
 				});
-				let watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(hash_of_block0, SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
+				let watcher =
+					block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(&han_of_block0, SOURCE, xt.into())).unwrap();
 				assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 2);
 
 				// when
 				// after validation `Store` will have priority set to 9001 (validate_transaction
 				// mock)
 				let xt = ExtrinsicBuilder::new_indexed_call(Vec::new()).build();
-				block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(1), SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
+				block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(1), SOURCE, xt.into()))
+					.unwrap();
 				assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 2);
 
 				// then
@@ -1038,7 +1144,7 @@ mod tests {
 			let api = Arc::new(api);
 			let pool = Arc::new(Pool::new(Default::default(), true.into(), api.clone()));
 
-			let hash_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_from_number(0);
+			let han_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_and_number(0);
 
 			// when
 			let xt = uxt(Transfer {
@@ -1050,9 +1156,12 @@ mod tests {
 
 			// This transaction should go to future, since we use `nonce: 1`
 			let pool2 = pool.clone();
-			std::thread::spawn(move || {
-				block_on(pool2.submit_one(hash_of_block0, SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
-				ready.send(()).unwrap();
+			std::thread::spawn({
+				let hash_of_block0 = han_of_block0.clone();
+				move || {
+					block_on(pool2.submit_one(&hash_of_block0, SOURCE, xt.into())).unwrap();
+					ready.send(()).unwrap();
+				}
 			});
 
 			// But now before the previous one is imported we import
@@ -1065,13 +1174,12 @@ mod tests {
 			});
 			// The tag the above transaction provides (TestApi is using just nonce as u8)
 			let provides = vec![0_u8];
-			block_on(pool.submit_one(hash_of_block0, SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
+			block_on(pool.submit_one(&han_of_block0, SOURCE, xt.into())).unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 
 			// Now block import happens before the second transaction is able to finish
 			// verification.
-			block_on(pool.prune_tags(api.expect_hash_from_number(1), vec![provides], vec![]))
-				.unwrap();
+			block_on(pool.prune_tags(&api.expect_hash_and_number(1), vec![provides], vec![]));
 			assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 0);
 
 			// so when we release the verification of the previous one it will have
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/ready.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/ready.rs
index b4a5d9e3ba7196a21a7f316522c766294838aceb..860bcff0bacead422552a5375ec7462e1550075d 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/ready.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/ready.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 
 use crate::LOG_TARGET;
-use log::{debug, trace};
+use log::trace;
 use sc_transaction_pool_api::error;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use sp_runtime::{traits::Member, transaction_validity::TransactionTag as Tag};
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ pub struct ReadyTx<Hash, Ex> {
 	/// How many required tags are provided inherently
 	///
 	/// Some transactions might be already pruned from the queue,
-	/// so when we compute ready set we may consider this transactions ready earlier.
+	/// so when we compute ready set we may consider these transactions ready earlier.
 	pub requires_offset: usize,
 }
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ qed
 "#;
 
 /// Validated transactions that are block ready with all their dependencies met.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct ReadyTransactions<Hash: hash::Hash + Eq, Ex> {
 	/// Next free insertion id (used to indicate when a transaction was inserted into the pool).
 	insertion_id: u64,
@@ -521,9 +521,9 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member, Ex> BestIterator<Hash, Ex> {
 	/// When invoked on a fully drained iterator it has no effect either.
 	pub fn report_invalid(&mut self, tx: &Arc<Transaction<Hash, Ex>>) {
 		if let Some(to_report) = self.all.get(&tx.hash) {
-			debug!(
+			trace!(
 				target: LOG_TARGET,
-				"[{:?}] Reported as invalid. Will skip sub-chains while iterating.",
+				"[{:?}] best-iterator: Reported as invalid. Will skip sub-chains while iterating.",
 				to_report.transaction.transaction.hash
 			);
 			for hash in &to_report.unlocks {
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ impl<Hash: hash::Hash + Member, Ex> Iterator for BestIterator<Hash, Ex> {
 
 			// Check if the transaction was marked invalid.
 			if self.invalid.contains(hash) {
-				debug!(
+				trace!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
 					"[{:?}] Skipping invalid child transaction while iterating.", hash,
 				);
@@ -703,7 +703,7 @@ mod tests {
 		tx6.requires = vec![tx5.provides[0].clone()];
 		tx6.provides = vec![];
 		let tx7 = Transaction {
-			data: vec![7],
+			data: vec![7].into(),
 			bytes: 1,
 			hash: 7,
 			priority: 1,
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/tracked_map.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/tracked_map.rs
index 47ad22603e469c297bd1a5f9f133f7d1997adaee..9e92dffc9f96fad53e12d344bec1127967207d65 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/tracked_map.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/tracked_map.rs
@@ -46,6 +46,20 @@ impl<K, V> Default for TrackedMap<K, V> {
 	}
 }
 
+impl<K, V> Clone for TrackedMap<K, V>
+where
+	K: Clone,
+	V: Clone,
+{
+	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			index: Arc::from(RwLock::from(self.index.read().clone())),
+			bytes: self.bytes.load(AtomicOrdering::Relaxed).into(),
+			length: self.length.load(AtomicOrdering::Relaxed).into(),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 impl<K, V> TrackedMap<K, V> {
 	/// Current tracked length of the content.
 	pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
@@ -119,10 +133,9 @@ where
 		let new_bytes = val.size();
 		self.bytes.fetch_add(new_bytes as isize, AtomicOrdering::Relaxed);
 		self.length.fetch_add(1, AtomicOrdering::Relaxed);
-		self.inner_guard.insert(key, val).map(|old_val| {
+		self.inner_guard.insert(key, val).inspect(|old_val| {
 			self.bytes.fetch_sub(old_val.size() as isize, AtomicOrdering::Relaxed);
 			self.length.fetch_sub(1, AtomicOrdering::Relaxed);
-			old_val
 		})
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/validated_pool.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/validated_pool.rs
index 3d7cfeb46b0488a839c7870dec57261293887cf2..d7f55198a40a9ded48f8c7a94ffb481d781f8219 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/validated_pool.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/validated_pool.rs
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ use std::{
 	sync::Arc,
 };
 
-use crate::LOG_TARGET;
+use crate::{common::log_xt::log_xt_trace, LOG_TARGET};
 use futures::channel::mpsc::{channel, Sender};
 use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
 use sc_transaction_pool_api::{error, PoolStatus, ReadyTransactions};
 use serde::Serialize;
+use sp_blockchain::HashAndNumber;
 use sp_runtime::{
-	generic::BlockId,
 	traits::{self, SaturatedConversion},
 	transaction_validity::{TransactionSource, TransactionTag as Tag, ValidTransaction},
 };
@@ -86,17 +86,18 @@ pub type ValidatedTransactionFor<B> =
 	ValidatedTransaction<ExtrinsicHash<B>, ExtrinsicFor<B>, <B as ChainApi>::Error>;
 
 /// A closure that returns true if the local node is a validator that can author blocks.
-pub struct IsValidator(Box<dyn Fn() -> bool + Send + Sync>);
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct IsValidator(Arc<Box<dyn Fn() -> bool + Send + Sync>>);
 
 impl From<bool> for IsValidator {
 	fn from(is_validator: bool) -> Self {
-		Self(Box::new(move || is_validator))
+		Self(Arc::new(Box::new(move || is_validator)))
 	}
 }
 
 impl From<Box<dyn Fn() -> bool + Send + Sync>> for IsValidator {
 	fn from(is_validator: Box<dyn Fn() -> bool + Send + Sync>) -> Self {
-		Self(is_validator)
+		Self(Arc::new(is_validator))
 	}
 }
 
@@ -111,6 +112,20 @@ pub struct ValidatedPool<B: ChainApi> {
 	rotator: PoolRotator<ExtrinsicHash<B>>,
 }
 
+impl<B: ChainApi> Clone for ValidatedPool<B> {
+	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			api: self.api.clone(),
+			is_validator: self.is_validator.clone(),
+			options: self.options.clone(),
+			listener: Default::default(),
+			pool: RwLock::from(self.pool.read().clone()),
+			import_notification_sinks: Default::default(),
+			rotator: PoolRotator::default(),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 	/// Create a new transaction pool.
 	pub fn new(options: Options, is_validator: IsValidator, api: Arc<B>) -> Self {
@@ -187,6 +202,7 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 	fn submit_one(&self, tx: ValidatedTransactionFor<B>) -> Result<ExtrinsicHash<B>, B::Error> {
 		match tx {
 			ValidatedTransaction::Valid(tx) => {
+				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] ValidatedPool::submit_one", tx.hash);
 				if !tx.propagate && !(self.is_validator.0)() {
 					return Err(error::Error::Unactionable.into())
 				}
@@ -216,10 +232,12 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 				Ok(*imported.hash())
 			},
 			ValidatedTransaction::Invalid(hash, err) => {
+				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] ValidatedPool::submit_one invalid: {:?}", hash, err);
 				self.rotator.ban(&Instant::now(), std::iter::once(hash));
 				Err(err)
 			},
 			ValidatedTransaction::Unknown(hash, err) => {
+				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "[{:?}] ValidatedPool::submit_one unknown {:?}", hash, err);
 				self.listener.write().invalid(&hash);
 				Err(err)
 			},
@@ -231,7 +249,6 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 		let ready_limit = &self.options.ready;
 		let future_limit = &self.options.future;
 
-		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Pool Status: {:?}", status);
 		if ready_limit.is_exceeded(status.ready, status.ready_bytes) ||
 			future_limit.is_exceeded(status.future, status.future_bytes)
 		{
@@ -257,13 +274,13 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 				removed
 			};
 			if !removed.is_empty() {
-				log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Enforcing limits: {} dropped", removed.len());
+				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Enforcing limits: {} dropped", removed.len());
 			}
 
 			// run notifications
 			let mut listener = self.listener.write();
 			for h in &removed {
-				listener.dropped(h, None);
+				listener.dropped(h, None, true);
 			}
 
 			removed
@@ -280,7 +297,7 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 		match tx {
 			ValidatedTransaction::Valid(tx) => {
 				let hash = self.api.hash_and_length(&tx.data).0;
-				let watcher = self.listener.write().create_watcher(hash);
+				let watcher = self.create_watcher(hash);
 				self.submit(std::iter::once(ValidatedTransaction::Valid(tx)))
 					.pop()
 					.expect("One extrinsic passed; one result returned; qed")
@@ -294,6 +311,19 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 		}
 	}
 
+	/// Creates a new watcher for given extrinsic.
+	pub fn create_watcher(
+		&self,
+		tx_hash: ExtrinsicHash<B>,
+	) -> Watcher<ExtrinsicHash<B>, ExtrinsicHash<B>> {
+		self.listener.write().create_watcher(tx_hash)
+	}
+
+	/// Provides a list of hashes for all watched transactions in the pool.
+	pub fn watched_transactions(&self) -> Vec<ExtrinsicHash<B>> {
+		self.listener.read().watched_transactions().map(Clone::clone).collect()
+	}
+
 	/// Resubmits revalidated transactions back to the pool.
 	///
 	/// Removes and then submits passed transactions and all dependent transactions.
@@ -351,7 +381,7 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 					initial_statuses.insert(removed_hash, Status::Ready);
 					txs_to_resubmit.push((removed_hash, tx_to_resubmit));
 				}
-				// make sure to remove the hash even if it's not present in the pool any more.
+				// make sure to remove the hash even if it's not present in the pool anymore.
 				updated_transactions.remove(&hash);
 			}
 
@@ -423,7 +453,7 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 				match final_status {
 					Status::Future => listener.future(&hash),
 					Status::Ready => listener.ready(&hash, None),
-					Status::Dropped => listener.dropped(&hash, None),
+					Status::Dropped => listener.dropped(&hash, None, false),
 					Status::Failed => listener.invalid(&hash),
 				}
 			}
@@ -451,7 +481,7 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 	pub fn prune_tags(
 		&self,
 		tags: impl IntoIterator<Item = Tag>,
-	) -> Result<PruneStatus<ExtrinsicHash<B>, ExtrinsicFor<B>>, B::Error> {
+	) -> PruneStatus<ExtrinsicHash<B>, ExtrinsicFor<B>> {
 		// Perform tag-based pruning in the base pool
 		let status = self.pool.write().prune_tags(tags);
 		// Notify event listeners of all transactions
@@ -462,21 +492,21 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 				fire_events(&mut *listener, promoted);
 			}
 			for f in &status.failed {
-				listener.dropped(f, None);
+				listener.dropped(f, None, false);
 			}
 		}
 
-		Ok(status)
+		status
 	}
 
 	/// Resubmit transactions that have been revalidated after prune_tags call.
 	pub fn resubmit_pruned(
 		&self,
-		at: &BlockId<B::Block>,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		known_imported_hashes: impl IntoIterator<Item = ExtrinsicHash<B>> + Clone,
 		pruned_hashes: Vec<ExtrinsicHash<B>>,
 		pruned_xts: Vec<ValidatedTransactionFor<B>>,
-	) -> Result<(), B::Error> {
+	) {
 		debug_assert_eq!(pruned_hashes.len(), pruned_xts.len());
 
 		// Resubmit pruned transactions
@@ -493,35 +523,29 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 		// Fire `pruned` notifications for collected hashes and make sure to include
 		// `known_imported_hashes` since they were just imported as part of the block.
 		let hashes = hashes.chain(known_imported_hashes.into_iter());
-		self.fire_pruned(at, hashes)?;
+		self.fire_pruned(at, hashes);
 
 		// perform regular cleanup of old transactions in the pool
 		// and update temporary bans.
-		self.clear_stale(at)?;
-		Ok(())
+		self.clear_stale(at);
 	}
 
 	/// Fire notifications for pruned transactions.
 	pub fn fire_pruned(
 		&self,
-		at: &BlockId<B::Block>,
+		at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>,
 		hashes: impl Iterator<Item = ExtrinsicHash<B>>,
-	) -> Result<(), B::Error> {
-		let header_hash = self
-			.api
-			.block_id_to_hash(at)?
-			.ok_or_else(|| error::Error::InvalidBlockId(format!("{:?}", at)))?;
+	) {
 		let mut listener = self.listener.write();
 		let mut set = HashSet::with_capacity(hashes.size_hint().0);
 		for h in hashes {
 			// `hashes` has possibly duplicate hashes.
 			// we'd like to send out the `InBlock` notification only once.
 			if !set.contains(&h) {
-				listener.pruned(header_hash, &h);
+				listener.pruned(at.hash, &h);
 				set.insert(h);
 			}
 		}
-		Ok(())
 	}
 
 	/// Removes stale transactions from the pool.
@@ -529,16 +553,13 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 	/// Stale transactions are transaction beyond their longevity period.
 	/// Note this function does not remove transactions that are already included in the chain.
 	/// See `prune_tags` if you want this.
-	pub fn clear_stale(&self, at: &BlockId<B::Block>) -> Result<(), B::Error> {
-		let block_number = self
-			.api
-			.block_id_to_number(at)?
-			.ok_or_else(|| error::Error::InvalidBlockId(format!("{:?}", at)))?
-			.saturated_into::<u64>();
+	pub fn clear_stale(&self, at: &HashAndNumber<B::Block>) {
+		let HashAndNumber { number, .. } = *at;
+		let number = number.saturated_into::<u64>();
 		let now = Instant::now();
 		let to_remove = {
 			self.ready()
-				.filter(|tx| self.rotator.ban_if_stale(&now, block_number, tx))
+				.filter(|tx| self.rotator.ban_if_stale(&now, number, tx))
 				.map(|tx| tx.hash)
 				.collect::<Vec<_>>()
 		};
@@ -546,7 +567,7 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 			let p = self.pool.read();
 			let mut hashes = Vec::new();
 			for tx in p.futures() {
-				if self.rotator.ban_if_stale(&now, block_number, tx) {
+				if self.rotator.ban_if_stale(&now, number, tx) {
 					hashes.push(tx.hash);
 				}
 			}
@@ -557,8 +578,6 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 		self.remove_invalid(&futures_to_remove);
 		// clear banned transactions timeouts
 		self.rotator.clear_timeouts(&now);
-
-		Ok(())
 	}
 
 	/// Get api reference.
@@ -598,14 +617,15 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 			return vec![]
 		}
 
-		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Removing invalid transactions: {:?}", hashes);
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Removing invalid transactions: {:?}", hashes.len());
 
 		// temporarily ban invalid transactions
 		self.rotator.ban(&Instant::now(), hashes.iter().cloned());
 
 		let invalid = self.pool.write().remove_subtree(hashes);
 
-		log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Removed invalid transactions: {:?}", invalid);
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Removed invalid transactions: {:?}", invalid.len());
+		log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, invalid.iter().map(|t| t.hash), "{:?} Removed invalid transaction");
 
 		let mut listener = self.listener.write();
 		for tx in &invalid {
@@ -645,6 +665,12 @@ impl<B: ChainApi> ValidatedPool<B> {
 	pub fn on_block_retracted(&self, block_hash: BlockHash<B>) {
 		self.listener.write().retracted(block_hash)
 	}
+
+	pub fn create_dropped_by_limits_stream(
+		&self,
+	) -> super::listener::DroppedByLimitsStream<ExtrinsicHash<B>, BlockHash<B>> {
+		self.listener.write().create_dropped_by_limits_stream()
+	}
 }
 
 fn fire_events<H, B, Ex>(listener: &mut Listener<H, B>, imported: &base::Imported<H, Ex>)
@@ -656,7 +682,7 @@ where
 		base::Imported::Ready { ref promoted, ref failed, ref removed, ref hash } => {
 			listener.ready(hash, None);
 			failed.iter().for_each(|f| listener.invalid(f));
-			removed.iter().for_each(|r| listener.dropped(&r.hash, Some(hash)));
+			removed.iter().for_each(|r| listener.dropped(&r.hash, Some(hash), false));
 			promoted.iter().for_each(|p| listener.ready(p, None));
 		},
 		base::Imported::Future { ref hash } => listener.future(hash),
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/watcher.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/watcher.rs
index fc440771d7bbccf951a672bece221885215f4c1d..fb7cf99d4dc6caecf53eccff06efe1d59c32faee 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/watcher.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/graph/watcher.rs
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ impl<H: Clone, BH: Clone> Sender<H, BH> {
 		self.send(TransactionStatus::Broadcast(peers))
 	}
 
-	/// Returns true if the are no more listeners for this extrinsic or it was finalized.
+	/// Returns true if there are no more listeners for this extrinsic, or it was finalized.
 	pub fn is_done(&self) -> bool {
 		self.is_finalized || self.receivers.is_empty()
 	}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/lib.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/lib.rs
index 64b301e6bf36f4f4fc88abf15a36c5b1ef30b04b..888d25d3a0d23aa98447cc2a8c3cfa12eaea4221 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/lib.rs
@@ -22,776 +22,38 @@
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
 #![warn(unused_extern_crates)]
 
-mod api;
-mod enactment_state;
-pub mod error;
+mod builder;
+mod common;
+mod fork_aware_txpool;
 mod graph;
-mod metrics;
-mod revalidation;
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests;
-
-pub use crate::api::FullChainApi;
-use async_trait::async_trait;
-use enactment_state::{EnactmentAction, EnactmentState};
-use futures::{
-	channel::oneshot,
-	future::{self, ready},
-	prelude::*,
-};
-pub use graph::{
-	base_pool::Limit as PoolLimit, ChainApi, Options, Pool, Transaction, ValidatedTransaction,
-};
-use parking_lot::Mutex;
-use std::{
-	collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-	pin::Pin,
-	sync::Arc,
-};
-
-use graph::{ExtrinsicHash, IsValidator};
-use sc_transaction_pool_api::{
-	error::Error as TxPoolError, ChainEvent, ImportNotificationStream, MaintainedTransactionPool,
-	PoolFuture, PoolStatus, ReadyTransactions, TransactionFor, TransactionPool, TransactionSource,
-	TransactionStatusStreamFor, TxHash,
-};
-use sp_core::traits::SpawnEssentialNamed;
-use sp_runtime::{
-	generic::BlockId,
-	traits::{AtLeast32Bit, Block as BlockT, Extrinsic, Header as HeaderT, NumberFor, Zero},
-};
-use std::time::Instant;
-
-use crate::metrics::MetricsLink as PrometheusMetrics;
-use prometheus_endpoint::Registry as PrometheusRegistry;
-
-use sp_blockchain::{HashAndNumber, TreeRoute};
-
-pub(crate) const LOG_TARGET: &str = "txpool";
-
-type BoxedReadyIterator<Hash, Data> =
-	Box<dyn ReadyTransactions<Item = Arc<graph::base_pool::Transaction<Hash, Data>>> + Send>;
+mod single_state_txpool;
+mod transaction_pool_wrapper;
+
+use common::{api, enactment_state};
+use std::{future::Future, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
+
+pub use api::FullChainApi;
+pub use builder::{Builder, TransactionPoolHandle, TransactionPoolOptions, TransactionPoolType};
+pub use common::notification_future;
+pub use fork_aware_txpool::{ForkAwareTxPool, ForkAwareTxPoolTask};
+pub use graph::{base_pool::Limit as PoolLimit, ChainApi, Options, Pool};
+use single_state_txpool::prune_known_txs_for_block;
+pub use single_state_txpool::{BasicPool, RevalidationType};
+pub use transaction_pool_wrapper::TransactionPoolWrapper;
+
+type BoxedReadyIterator<Hash, Data> = Box<
+	dyn sc_transaction_pool_api::ReadyTransactions<
+			Item = Arc<graph::base_pool::Transaction<Hash, Data>>,
+		> + Send,
+>;
 
 type ReadyIteratorFor<PoolApi> =
 	BoxedReadyIterator<graph::ExtrinsicHash<PoolApi>, graph::ExtrinsicFor<PoolApi>>;
 
 type PolledIterator<PoolApi> = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ReadyIteratorFor<PoolApi>> + Send>>;
 
-/// A transaction pool for a full node.
-pub type FullPool<Block, Client> = BasicPool<FullChainApi<Client, Block>, Block>;
-
-/// Basic implementation of transaction pool that can be customized by providing PoolApi.
-pub struct BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
-where
-	Block: BlockT,
-	PoolApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
-{
-	pool: Arc<graph::Pool<PoolApi>>,
-	api: Arc<PoolApi>,
-	revalidation_strategy: Arc<Mutex<RevalidationStrategy<NumberFor<Block>>>>,
-	revalidation_queue: Arc<revalidation::RevalidationQueue<PoolApi>>,
-	ready_poll: Arc<Mutex<ReadyPoll<ReadyIteratorFor<PoolApi>, Block>>>,
-	metrics: PrometheusMetrics,
-	enactment_state: Arc<Mutex<EnactmentState<Block>>>,
-}
-
-struct ReadyPoll<T, Block: BlockT> {
-	updated_at: NumberFor<Block>,
-	pollers: Vec<(NumberFor<Block>, oneshot::Sender<T>)>,
-}
-
-impl<T, Block: BlockT> Default for ReadyPoll<T, Block> {
-	fn default() -> Self {
-		Self { updated_at: NumberFor::<Block>::zero(), pollers: Default::default() }
-	}
-}
-
-impl<T, Block: BlockT> ReadyPoll<T, Block> {
-	fn new(best_block_number: NumberFor<Block>) -> Self {
-		Self { updated_at: best_block_number, pollers: Default::default() }
-	}
-
-	fn trigger(&mut self, number: NumberFor<Block>, iterator_factory: impl Fn() -> T) {
-		self.updated_at = number;
-
-		let mut idx = 0;
-		while idx < self.pollers.len() {
-			if self.pollers[idx].0 <= number {
-				let poller_sender = self.pollers.swap_remove(idx);
-				log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Sending ready signal at block {}", number);
-				let _ = poller_sender.1.send(iterator_factory());
-			} else {
-				idx += 1;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	fn add(&mut self, number: NumberFor<Block>) -> oneshot::Receiver<T> {
-		let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();
-		self.pollers.push((number, sender));
-		receiver
-	}
-
-	fn updated_at(&self) -> NumberFor<Block> {
-		self.updated_at
-	}
-}
-
-/// Type of revalidation.
-pub enum RevalidationType {
-	/// Light revalidation type.
-	///
-	/// During maintenance, transaction pool makes periodic revalidation
-	/// of all transactions depending on number of blocks or time passed.
-	/// Also this kind of revalidation does not resubmit transactions from
-	/// retracted blocks, since it is too expensive.
-	Light,
-
-	/// Full revalidation type.
-	///
-	/// During maintenance, transaction pool revalidates some fixed amount of
-	/// transactions from the pool of valid transactions.
-	Full,
-}
-
-impl<PoolApi, Block> BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
-where
-	Block: BlockT,
-	PoolApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
-{
-	/// Create new basic transaction pool with provided api, for tests.
-	pub fn new_test(
-		pool_api: Arc<PoolApi>,
-		best_block_hash: Block::Hash,
-		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
-		options: graph::Options,
-	) -> (Self, Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>) {
-		let pool = Arc::new(graph::Pool::new(options, true.into(), pool_api.clone()));
-		let (revalidation_queue, background_task) = revalidation::RevalidationQueue::new_background(
-			pool_api.clone(),
-			pool.clone(),
-			finalized_hash,
-		);
-		(
-			Self {
-				api: pool_api,
-				pool,
-				revalidation_queue: Arc::new(revalidation_queue),
-				revalidation_strategy: Arc::new(Mutex::new(RevalidationStrategy::Always)),
-				ready_poll: Default::default(),
-				metrics: Default::default(),
-				enactment_state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(EnactmentState::new(
-					best_block_hash,
-					finalized_hash,
-				))),
-			},
-			background_task,
-		)
-	}
-
-	/// Create new basic transaction pool with provided api and custom
-	/// revalidation type.
-	pub fn with_revalidation_type(
-		options: graph::Options,
-		is_validator: IsValidator,
-		pool_api: Arc<PoolApi>,
-		prometheus: Option<&PrometheusRegistry>,
-		revalidation_type: RevalidationType,
-		spawner: impl SpawnEssentialNamed,
-		best_block_number: NumberFor<Block>,
-		best_block_hash: Block::Hash,
-		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
-	) -> Self {
-		let pool = Arc::new(graph::Pool::new(options, is_validator, pool_api.clone()));
-		let (revalidation_queue, background_task) = match revalidation_type {
-			RevalidationType::Light =>
-				(revalidation::RevalidationQueue::new(pool_api.clone(), pool.clone()), None),
-			RevalidationType::Full => {
-				let (queue, background) = revalidation::RevalidationQueue::new_background(
-					pool_api.clone(),
-					pool.clone(),
-					finalized_hash,
-				);
-				(queue, Some(background))
-			},
-		};
-
-		if let Some(background_task) = background_task {
-			spawner.spawn_essential("txpool-background", Some("transaction-pool"), background_task);
-		}
-
-		Self {
-			api: pool_api,
-			pool,
-			revalidation_queue: Arc::new(revalidation_queue),
-			revalidation_strategy: Arc::new(Mutex::new(match revalidation_type {
-				RevalidationType::Light =>
-					RevalidationStrategy::Light(RevalidationStatus::NotScheduled),
-				RevalidationType::Full => RevalidationStrategy::Always,
-			})),
-			ready_poll: Arc::new(Mutex::new(ReadyPoll::new(best_block_number))),
-			metrics: PrometheusMetrics::new(prometheus),
-			enactment_state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(EnactmentState::new(
-				best_block_hash,
-				finalized_hash,
-			))),
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Gets shared reference to the underlying pool.
-	pub fn pool(&self) -> &Arc<graph::Pool<PoolApi>> {
-		&self.pool
-	}
-
-	/// Get access to the underlying api
-	pub fn api(&self) -> &PoolApi {
-		&self.api
-	}
-}
-
-impl<PoolApi, Block> TransactionPool for BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
-where
-	Block: BlockT,
-	PoolApi: 'static + graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
-{
-	type Block = PoolApi::Block;
-	type Hash = graph::ExtrinsicHash<PoolApi>;
-	type InPoolTransaction = graph::base_pool::Transaction<TxHash<Self>, TransactionFor<Self>>;
-	type Error = PoolApi::Error;
-
-	fn submit_at(
-		&self,
-		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
-		source: TransactionSource,
-		xts: Vec<TransactionFor<Self>>,
-	) -> PoolFuture<Vec<Result<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error>>, Self::Error> {
-		let pool = self.pool.clone();
-
-		self.metrics
-			.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_transactions.inc_by(xts.len() as u64));
-
-		async move { pool.submit_at(at, source, xts).await }.boxed()
-	}
-
-	fn submit_one(
-		&self,
-		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
-		source: TransactionSource,
-		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
-	) -> PoolFuture<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error> {
-		let pool = self.pool.clone();
-
-		self.metrics.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_transactions.inc());
-
-		async move { pool.submit_one(at, source, xt).await }.boxed()
-	}
-
-	fn submit_and_watch(
-		&self,
-		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
-		source: TransactionSource,
-		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
-	) -> PoolFuture<Pin<Box<TransactionStatusStreamFor<Self>>>, Self::Error> {
-		let pool = self.pool.clone();
-
-		self.metrics.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_transactions.inc());
-
-		async move {
-			let watcher = pool.submit_and_watch(at, source, xt).await?;
-
-			Ok(watcher.into_stream().boxed())
-		}
-		.boxed()
-	}
-
-	fn remove_invalid(&self, hashes: &[TxHash<Self>]) -> Vec<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
-		let removed = self.pool.validated_pool().remove_invalid(hashes);
-		self.metrics
-			.report(|metrics| metrics.validations_invalid.inc_by(removed.len() as u64));
-		removed
-	}
-
-	fn status(&self) -> PoolStatus {
-		self.pool.validated_pool().status()
-	}
-
-	fn import_notification_stream(&self) -> ImportNotificationStream<TxHash<Self>> {
-		self.pool.validated_pool().import_notification_stream()
-	}
-
-	fn hash_of(&self, xt: &TransactionFor<Self>) -> TxHash<Self> {
-		self.pool.hash_of(xt)
-	}
-
-	fn on_broadcasted(&self, propagations: HashMap<TxHash<Self>, Vec<String>>) {
-		self.pool.validated_pool().on_broadcasted(propagations)
-	}
-
-	fn ready_transaction(&self, hash: &TxHash<Self>) -> Option<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
-		self.pool.validated_pool().ready_by_hash(hash)
-	}
-
-	fn ready_at(&self, at: NumberFor<Self::Block>) -> PolledIterator<PoolApi> {
-		let status = self.status();
-		// If there are no transactions in the pool, it is fine to return early.
-		//
-		// There could be transaction being added because of some re-org happening at the relevant
-		// block, but this is relative unlikely.
-		if status.ready == 0 && status.future == 0 {
-			return async { Box::new(std::iter::empty()) as Box<_> }.boxed()
-		}
-
-		if self.ready_poll.lock().updated_at() >= at {
-			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Transaction pool already processed block  #{}", at);
-			let iterator: ReadyIteratorFor<PoolApi> = Box::new(self.pool.validated_pool().ready());
-			return async move { iterator }.boxed()
-		}
-
-		self.ready_poll
-			.lock()
-			.add(at)
-			.map(|received| {
-				received.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-					log::warn!("Error receiving pending set: {:?}", e);
-					Box::new(std::iter::empty())
-				})
-			})
-			.boxed()
-	}
-
-	fn ready(&self) -> ReadyIteratorFor<PoolApi> {
-		Box::new(self.pool.validated_pool().ready())
-	}
-
-	fn futures(&self) -> Vec<Self::InPoolTransaction> {
-		let pool = self.pool.validated_pool().pool.read();
-
-		pool.futures().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<Block, Client> FullPool<Block, Client>
-where
-	Block: BlockT,
-	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
-		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
-		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
-		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
-		+ sc_client_api::ExecutorProvider<Block>
-		+ sc_client_api::UsageProvider<Block>
-		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
-		+ Send
-		+ Sync
-		+ 'static,
-	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
-{
-	/// Create new basic transaction pool for a full node with the provided api.
-	pub fn new_full(
-		options: graph::Options,
-		is_validator: IsValidator,
-		prometheus: Option<&PrometheusRegistry>,
-		spawner: impl SpawnEssentialNamed,
-		client: Arc<Client>,
-	) -> Arc<Self> {
-		let pool_api = Arc::new(FullChainApi::new(client.clone(), prometheus, &spawner));
-		let pool = Arc::new(Self::with_revalidation_type(
-			options,
-			is_validator,
-			pool_api,
-			prometheus,
-			RevalidationType::Full,
-			spawner,
-			client.usage_info().chain.best_number,
-			client.usage_info().chain.best_hash,
-			client.usage_info().chain.finalized_hash,
-		));
-
-		pool
-	}
-}
-
-impl<Block, Client> sc_transaction_pool_api::LocalTransactionPool
-	for BasicPool<FullChainApi<Client, Block>, Block>
-where
-	Block: BlockT,
-	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
-		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
-		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
-		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
-		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>,
-	Client: Send + Sync + 'static,
-	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
-{
-	type Block = Block;
-	type Hash = graph::ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>;
-	type Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as graph::ChainApi>::Error;
-
-	fn submit_local(
-		&self,
-		at: Block::Hash,
-		xt: sc_transaction_pool_api::LocalTransactionFor<Self>,
-	) -> Result<Self::Hash, Self::Error> {
-		use sp_runtime::{
-			traits::SaturatedConversion, transaction_validity::TransactionValidityError,
-		};
-
-		let validity = self
-			.api
-			.validate_transaction_blocking(at, TransactionSource::Local, xt.clone())?
-			.map_err(|e| {
-				Self::Error::Pool(match e {
-					TransactionValidityError::Invalid(i) => TxPoolError::InvalidTransaction(i),
-					TransactionValidityError::Unknown(u) => TxPoolError::UnknownTransaction(u),
-				})
-			})?;
-
-		let (hash, bytes) = self.pool.validated_pool().api().hash_and_length(&xt);
-		let block_number = self
-			.api
-			.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::hash(at))?
-			.ok_or_else(|| error::Error::BlockIdConversion(format!("{:?}", at)))?;
-
-		let validated = ValidatedTransaction::valid_at(
-			block_number.saturated_into::<u64>(),
-			hash,
-			TransactionSource::Local,
-			xt,
-			bytes,
-			validity,
-		);
-
-		self.pool.validated_pool().submit(vec![validated]).remove(0)
-	}
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Debug))]
-enum RevalidationStatus<N> {
-	/// The revalidation has never been completed.
-	NotScheduled,
-	/// The revalidation is scheduled.
-	Scheduled(Option<Instant>, Option<N>),
-	/// The revalidation is in progress.
-	InProgress,
-}
-
-enum RevalidationStrategy<N> {
-	Always,
-	Light(RevalidationStatus<N>),
-}
-
-struct RevalidationAction {
-	revalidate: bool,
-	resubmit: bool,
-}
-
-impl<N: Clone + Copy + AtLeast32Bit> RevalidationStrategy<N> {
-	pub fn clear(&mut self) {
-		if let Self::Light(status) = self {
-			status.clear()
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub fn next(
-		&mut self,
-		block: N,
-		revalidate_time_period: Option<std::time::Duration>,
-		revalidate_block_period: Option<N>,
-	) -> RevalidationAction {
-		match self {
-			Self::Light(status) => RevalidationAction {
-				revalidate: status.next_required(
-					block,
-					revalidate_time_period,
-					revalidate_block_period,
-				),
-				resubmit: false,
-			},
-			Self::Always => RevalidationAction { revalidate: true, resubmit: true },
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl<N: Clone + Copy + AtLeast32Bit> RevalidationStatus<N> {
-	/// Called when revalidation is completed.
-	pub fn clear(&mut self) {
-		*self = Self::NotScheduled;
-	}
-
-	/// Returns true if revalidation is required.
-	pub fn next_required(
-		&mut self,
-		block: N,
-		revalidate_time_period: Option<std::time::Duration>,
-		revalidate_block_period: Option<N>,
-	) -> bool {
-		match *self {
-			Self::NotScheduled => {
-				*self = Self::Scheduled(
-					revalidate_time_period.map(|period| Instant::now() + period),
-					revalidate_block_period.map(|period| block + period),
-				);
-				false
-			},
-			Self::Scheduled(revalidate_at_time, revalidate_at_block) => {
-				let is_required =
-					revalidate_at_time.map(|at| Instant::now() >= at).unwrap_or(false) ||
-						revalidate_at_block.map(|at| block >= at).unwrap_or(false);
-				if is_required {
-					*self = Self::InProgress;
-				}
-				is_required
-			},
-			Self::InProgress => false,
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/// Prune the known txs for the given block.
-async fn prune_known_txs_for_block<Block: BlockT, Api: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>>(
-	block_hash: Block::Hash,
-	api: &Api,
-	pool: &graph::Pool<Api>,
-) -> Vec<ExtrinsicHash<Api>> {
-	let extrinsics = api
-		.block_body(block_hash)
-		.await
-		.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-			log::warn!("Prune known transactions: error request: {}", e);
-			None
-		})
-		.unwrap_or_default();
-
-	let hashes = extrinsics.iter().map(|tx| pool.hash_of(tx)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-
-	log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Pruning transactions: {:?}", hashes);
-
-	let header = match api.block_header(block_hash) {
-		Ok(Some(h)) => h,
-		Ok(None) => {
-			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Could not find header for {:?}.", block_hash);
-			return hashes
-		},
-		Err(e) => {
-			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Error retrieving header for {:?}: {}", block_hash, e);
-			return hashes
-		},
-	};
-
-	if let Err(e) = pool.prune(block_hash, *header.parent_hash(), &extrinsics).await {
-		log::error!("Cannot prune known in the pool: {}", e);
-	}
-
-	hashes
-}
-
-impl<PoolApi, Block> BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
-where
-	Block: BlockT,
-	PoolApi: 'static + graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
-{
-	/// Handles enactment and retraction of blocks, prunes stale transactions
-	/// (that have already been enacted) and resubmits transactions that were
-	/// retracted.
-	async fn handle_enactment(&self, tree_route: TreeRoute<Block>) {
-		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "handle_enactment tree_route: {tree_route:?}");
-		let pool = self.pool.clone();
-		let api = self.api.clone();
-
-		let (hash, block_number) = match tree_route.last() {
-			Some(HashAndNumber { hash, number }) => (hash, number),
-			None => {
-				log::warn!(
-					target: LOG_TARGET,
-					"Skipping ChainEvent - no last block in tree route {:?}",
-					tree_route,
-				);
-				return
-			},
-		};
-
-		let next_action = self.revalidation_strategy.lock().next(
-			*block_number,
-			Some(std::time::Duration::from_secs(60)),
-			Some(20u32.into()),
-		);
-
-		// We keep track of everything we prune so that later we won't add
-		// transactions with those hashes from the retracted blocks.
-		let mut pruned_log = HashSet::<ExtrinsicHash<PoolApi>>::new();
-
-		// If there is a tree route, we use this to prune known tx based on the enacted
-		// blocks. Before pruning enacted transactions, we inform the listeners about
-		// retracted blocks and their transactions. This order is important, because
-		// if we enact and retract the same transaction at the same time, we want to
-		// send first the retract and than the prune event.
-		for retracted in tree_route.retracted() {
-			// notify txs awaiting finality that it has been retracted
-			pool.validated_pool().on_block_retracted(retracted.hash);
-		}
-
-		future::join_all(
-			tree_route
-				.enacted()
-				.iter()
-				.map(|h| prune_known_txs_for_block(h.hash, &*api, &*pool)),
-		)
-		.await
-		.into_iter()
-		.for_each(|enacted_log| {
-			pruned_log.extend(enacted_log);
-		});
-
-		self.metrics
-			.report(|metrics| metrics.block_transactions_pruned.inc_by(pruned_log.len() as u64));
-
-		if next_action.resubmit {
-			let mut resubmit_transactions = Vec::new();
-
-			for retracted in tree_route.retracted() {
-				let hash = retracted.hash;
-
-				let block_transactions = api
-					.block_body(hash)
-					.await
-					.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-						log::warn!("Failed to fetch block body: {}", e);
-						None
-					})
-					.unwrap_or_default()
-					.into_iter()
-					.filter(|tx| tx.is_signed().unwrap_or(true));
-
-				let mut resubmitted_to_report = 0;
-
-				resubmit_transactions.extend(block_transactions.into_iter().filter(|tx| {
-					let tx_hash = pool.hash_of(tx);
-					let contains = pruned_log.contains(&tx_hash);
-
-					// need to count all transactions, not just filtered, here
-					resubmitted_to_report += 1;
-
-					if !contains {
-						log::debug!(
-							target: LOG_TARGET,
-							"[{:?}]: Resubmitting from retracted block {:?}",
-							tx_hash,
-							hash,
-						);
-					}
-					!contains
-				}));
-
-				self.metrics.report(|metrics| {
-					metrics.block_transactions_resubmitted.inc_by(resubmitted_to_report)
-				});
-			}
-
-			if let Err(e) = pool
-				.resubmit_at(
-					*hash,
-					// These transactions are coming from retracted blocks, we should
-					// simply consider them external.
-					TransactionSource::External,
-					resubmit_transactions,
-				)
-				.await
-			{
-				log::debug!(
-					target: LOG_TARGET,
-					"[{:?}] Error re-submitting transactions: {}",
-					hash,
-					e,
-				)
-			}
-		}
-
-		let extra_pool = pool.clone();
-		// After #5200 lands, this arguably might be moved to the
-		// handler of "all blocks notification".
-		self.ready_poll
-			.lock()
-			.trigger(*block_number, move || Box::new(extra_pool.validated_pool().ready()));
-
-		if next_action.revalidate {
-			let hashes = pool.validated_pool().ready().map(|tx| tx.hash).collect();
-			self.revalidation_queue.revalidate_later(*hash, hashes).await;
-
-			self.revalidation_strategy.lock().clear();
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl<PoolApi, Block> MaintainedTransactionPool for BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
-where
-	Block: BlockT,
-	PoolApi: 'static + graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
-{
-	async fn maintain(&self, event: ChainEvent<Self::Block>) {
-		let prev_finalized_block = self.enactment_state.lock().recent_finalized_block();
-		let compute_tree_route = |from, to| -> Result<TreeRoute<Block>, String> {
-			match self.api.tree_route(from, to) {
-				Ok(tree_route) => Ok(tree_route),
-				Err(e) =>
-					return Err(format!(
-						"Error occurred while computing tree_route from {from:?} to {to:?}: {e}"
-					)),
-			}
-		};
-		let block_id_to_number =
-			|hash| self.api.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(hash)).map_err(|e| format!("{}", e));
-
-		let result =
-			self.enactment_state
-				.lock()
-				.update(&event, &compute_tree_route, &block_id_to_number);
-
-		match result {
-			Err(msg) => {
-				log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "{msg}");
-				self.enactment_state.lock().force_update(&event);
-			},
-			Ok(EnactmentAction::Skip) => return,
-			Ok(EnactmentAction::HandleFinalization) => {},
-			Ok(EnactmentAction::HandleEnactment(tree_route)) => {
-				self.handle_enactment(tree_route).await;
-			},
-		};
-
-		if let ChainEvent::Finalized { hash, tree_route } = event {
-			log::trace!(
-				target: LOG_TARGET,
-				"on-finalized enacted: {tree_route:?}, previously finalized: \
-				{prev_finalized_block:?}",
-			);
-
-			for hash in tree_route.iter().chain(std::iter::once(&hash)) {
-				if let Err(e) = self.pool.validated_pool().on_block_finalized(*hash).await {
-					log::warn!(
-						target: LOG_TARGET,
-						"Error occurred while attempting to notify watchers about finalization {}: {}",
-						hash, e
-					)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/// Inform the transaction pool about imported and finalized blocks.
-pub async fn notification_future<Client, Pool, Block>(client: Arc<Client>, txpool: Arc<Pool>)
-where
-	Block: BlockT,
-	Client: sc_client_api::BlockchainEvents<Block>,
-	Pool: MaintainedTransactionPool<Block = Block>,
-{
-	let import_stream = client
-		.import_notification_stream()
-		.filter_map(|n| ready(n.try_into().ok()))
-		.fuse();
-	let finality_stream = client.finality_notification_stream().map(Into::into).fuse();
-
-	futures::stream::select(import_stream, finality_stream)
-		.for_each(|evt| txpool.maintain(evt))
-		.await
-}
+/// Log target for transaction pool.
+///
+/// It can be used by other components for logging functionality strictly related to txpool (e.g.
+/// importing transaction).
+pub const LOG_TARGET: &str = "txpool";
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/metrics.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/metrics.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..28a0f66e7edc967e9380c2a21443b605f90e9498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/metrics.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Transaction pool Prometheus metrics for single-state transaction pool.
+
+use crate::common::metrics::{GenericMetricsLink, MetricsRegistrant};
+use prometheus_endpoint::{register, Counter, PrometheusError, Registry, U64};
+
+pub type MetricsLink = GenericMetricsLink<Metrics>;
+
+/// Transaction pool Prometheus metrics.
+pub struct Metrics {
+	pub submitted_transactions: Counter<U64>,
+	pub validations_invalid: Counter<U64>,
+	pub block_transactions_pruned: Counter<U64>,
+	pub block_transactions_resubmitted: Counter<U64>,
+}
+
+impl MetricsRegistrant for Metrics {
+	fn register(registry: &Registry) -> Result<Box<Self>, PrometheusError> {
+		Ok(Box::from(Self {
+			submitted_transactions: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_submitted_transactions",
+					"Total number of transactions submitted",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			validations_invalid: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_validations_invalid",
+					"Total number of transactions that were removed from the pool as invalid",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			block_transactions_pruned: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_block_transactions_pruned",
+					"Total number of transactions that was requested to be pruned by block events",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+			block_transactions_resubmitted: register(
+				Counter::new(
+					"substrate_sub_txpool_block_transactions_resubmitted",
+					"Total number of transactions that was requested to be resubmitted by block events",
+				)?,
+				registry,
+			)?,
+		}))
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/network/sync/src/request_metrics.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/mod.rs
similarity index 76%
rename from substrate/client/network/sync/src/request_metrics.rs
rename to substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/mod.rs
index 455f57ec3933992cb2e84ba35ce52b7ea3d350e8..d7ebb8c01cec069afcca17107643c4d46dc08159 100644
--- a/substrate/client/network/sync/src/request_metrics.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/mod.rs
@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Metrics {
-	pub pending_requests: u32,
-	pub active_requests: u32,
-	pub importing_requests: u32,
-	pub failed_requests: u32,
-}
+//! Substrate single state transaction pool implementation.
+
+mod metrics;
+mod revalidation;
+pub(crate) mod single_state_txpool;
+
+pub(crate) use single_state_txpool::prune_known_txs_for_block;
+pub use single_state_txpool::{BasicPool, RevalidationType};
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/revalidation.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/revalidation.rs
similarity index 91%
rename from substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/revalidation.rs
rename to substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/revalidation.rs
index 488ab19d8eabc3c11cb575f588400d03ffea39b0..5ef726c9f7d3b6ae3cab17be5ab4253fd7b4f3a9 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/revalidation.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/revalidation.rs
@@ -24,10 +24,7 @@ use std::{
 	sync::Arc,
 };
 
-use crate::{
-	graph::{BlockHash, ChainApi, ExtrinsicHash, Pool, ValidatedTransaction},
-	LOG_TARGET,
-};
+use crate::graph::{BlockHash, ChainApi, ExtrinsicHash, Pool, ValidatedTransaction};
 use sc_utils::mpsc::{tracing_unbounded, TracingUnboundedReceiver, TracingUnboundedSender};
 use sp_runtime::{
 	generic::BlockId, traits::SaturatedConversion, transaction_validity::TransactionValidityError,
@@ -40,6 +37,8 @@ const BACKGROUND_REVALIDATION_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_millis(200);
 
 const MIN_BACKGROUND_REVALIDATION_BATCH_SIZE: usize = 20;
 
+const LOG_TARGET: &str = "txpool::revalidation";
+
 /// Payload from queue to worker.
 struct WorkerPayload<Api: ChainApi> {
 	at: BlockHash<Api>,
@@ -75,11 +74,11 @@ async fn batch_revalidate<Api: ChainApi>(
 	let block_number = match api.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(at)) {
 		Ok(Some(n)) => n,
 		Ok(None) => {
-			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "revalidation skipped at block {at:?}, could not get block number.");
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "revalidation skipped at block {at:?}, could not get block number.");
 			return
 		},
 		Err(e) => {
-			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "revalidation skipped at block {at:?}: {e:?}.");
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "revalidation skipped at block {at:?}: {e:?}.");
 			return
 		},
 	};
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ async fn batch_revalidate<Api: ChainApi>(
 	for (validation_result, ext_hash, ext) in validation_results {
 		match validation_result {
 			Ok(Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(err))) => {
-				log::debug!(
+				log::trace!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
 					"[{:?}]: Revalidation: invalid {:?}",
 					ext_hash,
@@ -130,7 +129,7 @@ async fn batch_revalidate<Api: ChainApi>(
 				);
 			},
 			Err(validation_err) => {
-				log::debug!(
+				log::trace!(
 					target: LOG_TARGET,
 					"[{:?}]: Removing due to error during revalidation: {}",
 					ext_hash,
@@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ impl<Api: ChainApi> RevalidationWorker<Api> {
 					batch_revalidate(this.pool.clone(), this.api.clone(), this.best_block, next_batch).await;
 
 					if batch_len > 0 || this.len() > 0 {
-						log::debug!(
+						log::trace!(
 							target: LOG_TARGET,
 							"Revalidated {} transactions. Left in the queue for revalidation: {}.",
 							batch_len,
@@ -273,7 +272,7 @@ impl<Api: ChainApi> RevalidationWorker<Api> {
 							this.push(worker_payload);
 
 							if this.members.len() > 0 {
-								log::debug!(
+								log::trace!(
 									target: LOG_TARGET,
 									"Updated revalidation queue at {:?}. Transactions: {:?}",
 									this.best_block,
@@ -359,6 +358,10 @@ where
 				log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Failed to update background worker: {:?}", e);
 			}
 		} else {
+			log::debug!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"batch_revalidate direct call"
+			);
 			let pool = self.pool.clone();
 			let api = self.api.clone();
 			batch_revalidate(pool, api, at, transactions).await
@@ -370,8 +373,8 @@ where
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 	use crate::{
+		common::tests::{uxt, TestApi},
 		graph::Pool,
-		tests::{uxt, TestApi},
 	};
 	use futures::executor::block_on;
 	use sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionSource;
@@ -391,13 +394,16 @@ mod tests {
 			nonce: 0,
 		});
 
-		let hash_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_from_number(0);
+		let han_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_and_number(0);
 
-		let uxt_hash =
-			block_on(pool.submit_one(hash_of_block0, TransactionSource::External, uxt.clone()))
-				.expect("Should be valid");
+		let uxt_hash = block_on(pool.submit_one(
+			&han_of_block0,
+			TransactionSource::External,
+			uxt.clone().into(),
+		))
+		.expect("Should be valid");
 
-		block_on(queue.revalidate_later(hash_of_block0, vec![uxt_hash]));
+		block_on(queue.revalidate_later(han_of_block0.hash, vec![uxt_hash]));
 
 		// revalidated in sync offload 2nd time
 		assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 2);
@@ -424,21 +430,23 @@ mod tests {
 			nonce: 1,
 		});
 
-		let hash_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_from_number(0);
+		let han_of_block0 = api.expect_hash_and_number(0);
 		let unknown_block = H256::repeat_byte(0x13);
 
-		let uxt_hashes =
-			block_on(pool.submit_at(hash_of_block0, TransactionSource::External, vec![uxt0, uxt1]))
-				.expect("Should be valid")
-				.into_iter()
-				.map(|r| r.expect("Should be valid"))
-				.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		let uxt_hashes = block_on(pool.submit_at(
+			&han_of_block0,
+			TransactionSource::External,
+			vec![uxt0.into(), uxt1.into()],
+		))
+		.into_iter()
+		.map(|r| r.expect("Should be valid"))
+		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
 		assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 2);
 		assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 2);
 
 		// revalidation works fine for block 0:
-		block_on(queue.revalidate_later(hash_of_block0, uxt_hashes.clone()));
+		block_on(queue.revalidate_later(han_of_block0.hash, uxt_hashes.clone()));
 		assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 4);
 		assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 2);
 
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/single_state_txpool.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/single_state_txpool.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6b4feca44bf8b8a94b6715ada848ab07ff637d4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/single_state_txpool/single_state_txpool.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,790 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Substrate transaction pool implementation.
+
+use super::{metrics::MetricsLink as PrometheusMetrics, revalidation};
+pub use crate::{
+	api::FullChainApi,
+	graph::{ChainApi, ValidatedTransaction},
+};
+use crate::{
+	common::{
+		enactment_state::{EnactmentAction, EnactmentState},
+		error,
+		log_xt::log_xt_trace,
+	},
+	graph,
+	graph::{ExtrinsicHash, IsValidator},
+	PolledIterator, ReadyIteratorFor, LOG_TARGET,
+};
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use futures::{channel::oneshot, future, prelude::*, Future, FutureExt};
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use prometheus_endpoint::Registry as PrometheusRegistry;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{
+	error::Error as TxPoolError, ChainEvent, ImportNotificationStream, MaintainedTransactionPool,
+	PoolFuture, PoolStatus, TransactionFor, TransactionPool, TransactionSource,
+	TransactionStatusStreamFor, TxHash,
+};
+use sp_blockchain::{HashAndNumber, TreeRoute};
+use sp_core::traits::SpawnEssentialNamed;
+use sp_runtime::{
+	generic::BlockId,
+	traits::{AtLeast32Bit, Block as BlockT, Extrinsic, Header as HeaderT, NumberFor, Zero},
+};
+use std::{
+	collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+	pin::Pin,
+	sync::Arc,
+	time::Instant,
+};
+use tokio::select;
+
+/// Basic implementation of transaction pool that can be customized by providing PoolApi.
+pub struct BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	PoolApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
+{
+	pool: Arc<graph::Pool<PoolApi>>,
+	api: Arc<PoolApi>,
+	revalidation_strategy: Arc<Mutex<RevalidationStrategy<NumberFor<Block>>>>,
+	revalidation_queue: Arc<revalidation::RevalidationQueue<PoolApi>>,
+	ready_poll: Arc<Mutex<ReadyPoll<ReadyIteratorFor<PoolApi>, Block>>>,
+	metrics: PrometheusMetrics,
+	enactment_state: Arc<Mutex<EnactmentState<Block>>>,
+}
+
+struct ReadyPoll<T, Block: BlockT> {
+	updated_at: NumberFor<Block>,
+	pollers: Vec<(NumberFor<Block>, oneshot::Sender<T>)>,
+}
+
+impl<T, Block: BlockT> Default for ReadyPoll<T, Block> {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self { updated_at: NumberFor::<Block>::zero(), pollers: Default::default() }
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T, Block: BlockT> ReadyPoll<T, Block> {
+	fn new(best_block_number: NumberFor<Block>) -> Self {
+		Self { updated_at: best_block_number, pollers: Default::default() }
+	}
+
+	fn trigger(&mut self, number: NumberFor<Block>, iterator_factory: impl Fn() -> T) {
+		self.updated_at = number;
+
+		let mut idx = 0;
+		while idx < self.pollers.len() {
+			if self.pollers[idx].0 <= number {
+				let poller_sender = self.pollers.swap_remove(idx);
+				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Sending ready signal at block {}", number);
+				let _ = poller_sender.1.send(iterator_factory());
+			} else {
+				idx += 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn add(&mut self, number: NumberFor<Block>) -> oneshot::Receiver<T> {
+		let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();
+		self.pollers.push((number, sender));
+		receiver
+	}
+
+	fn updated_at(&self) -> NumberFor<Block> {
+		self.updated_at
+	}
+}
+
+/// Type of revalidation.
+pub enum RevalidationType {
+	/// Light revalidation type.
+	///
+	/// During maintenance, transaction pool makes periodic revalidation
+	/// of all transactions depending on number of blocks or time passed.
+	/// Also this kind of revalidation does not resubmit transactions from
+	/// retracted blocks, since it is too expensive.
+	Light,
+
+	/// Full revalidation type.
+	///
+	/// During maintenance, transaction pool revalidates some fixed amount of
+	/// transactions from the pool of valid transactions.
+	Full,
+}
+
+impl<PoolApi, Block> BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	PoolApi: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block> + 'static,
+{
+	/// Create new basic transaction pool with provided api, for tests.
+	pub fn new_test(
+		pool_api: Arc<PoolApi>,
+		best_block_hash: Block::Hash,
+		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
+		options: graph::Options,
+	) -> (Self, Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>) {
+		let pool = Arc::new(graph::Pool::new(options, true.into(), pool_api.clone()));
+		let (revalidation_queue, background_task) = revalidation::RevalidationQueue::new_background(
+			pool_api.clone(),
+			pool.clone(),
+			finalized_hash,
+		);
+		(
+			Self {
+				api: pool_api,
+				pool,
+				revalidation_queue: Arc::new(revalidation_queue),
+				revalidation_strategy: Arc::new(Mutex::new(RevalidationStrategy::Always)),
+				ready_poll: Default::default(),
+				metrics: Default::default(),
+				enactment_state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(EnactmentState::new(
+					best_block_hash,
+					finalized_hash,
+				))),
+			},
+			background_task,
+		)
+	}
+
+	/// Create new basic transaction pool with provided api and custom
+	/// revalidation type.
+	pub fn with_revalidation_type(
+		options: graph::Options,
+		is_validator: IsValidator,
+		pool_api: Arc<PoolApi>,
+		prometheus: Option<&PrometheusRegistry>,
+		revalidation_type: RevalidationType,
+		spawner: impl SpawnEssentialNamed,
+		best_block_number: NumberFor<Block>,
+		best_block_hash: Block::Hash,
+		finalized_hash: Block::Hash,
+	) -> Self {
+		let pool = Arc::new(graph::Pool::new(options, is_validator, pool_api.clone()));
+		let (revalidation_queue, background_task) = match revalidation_type {
+			RevalidationType::Light =>
+				(revalidation::RevalidationQueue::new(pool_api.clone(), pool.clone()), None),
+			RevalidationType::Full => {
+				let (queue, background) = revalidation::RevalidationQueue::new_background(
+					pool_api.clone(),
+					pool.clone(),
+					finalized_hash,
+				);
+				(queue, Some(background))
+			},
+		};
+
+		if let Some(background_task) = background_task {
+			spawner.spawn_essential("txpool-background", Some("transaction-pool"), background_task);
+		}
+
+		Self {
+			api: pool_api,
+			pool,
+			revalidation_queue: Arc::new(revalidation_queue),
+			revalidation_strategy: Arc::new(Mutex::new(match revalidation_type {
+				RevalidationType::Light =>
+					RevalidationStrategy::Light(RevalidationStatus::NotScheduled),
+				RevalidationType::Full => RevalidationStrategy::Always,
+			})),
+			ready_poll: Arc::new(Mutex::new(ReadyPoll::new(best_block_number))),
+			metrics: PrometheusMetrics::new(prometheus),
+			enactment_state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(EnactmentState::new(
+				best_block_hash,
+				finalized_hash,
+			))),
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Gets shared reference to the underlying pool.
+	pub fn pool(&self) -> &Arc<graph::Pool<PoolApi>> {
+		&self.pool
+	}
+
+	/// Get access to the underlying api
+	pub fn api(&self) -> &PoolApi {
+		&self.api
+	}
+
+	fn ready_at_with_timeout_internal(
+		&self,
+		at: Block::Hash,
+		timeout: std::time::Duration,
+	) -> PolledIterator<PoolApi> {
+		let timeout = futures_timer::Delay::new(timeout);
+		let ready_maintained = self.ready_at(at);
+		let ready_current = self.ready();
+
+		let ready = async {
+			select! {
+				ready = ready_maintained => ready,
+				_ = timeout => ready_current
+			}
+		};
+
+		Box::pin(ready)
+	}
+}
+
+impl<PoolApi, Block> TransactionPool for BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	PoolApi: 'static + graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
+{
+	type Block = PoolApi::Block;
+	type Hash = graph::ExtrinsicHash<PoolApi>;
+	type InPoolTransaction =
+		graph::base_pool::Transaction<graph::ExtrinsicHash<PoolApi>, graph::ExtrinsicFor<PoolApi>>;
+	type Error = PoolApi::Error;
+
+	fn submit_at(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xts: Vec<TransactionFor<Self>>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<Vec<Result<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error>>, Self::Error> {
+		let pool = self.pool.clone();
+		let xts = xts.into_iter().map(Arc::from).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+		self.metrics
+			.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_transactions.inc_by(xts.len() as u64));
+
+		let number = self.api.resolve_block_number(at);
+		async move {
+			let at = HashAndNumber { hash: at, number: number? };
+			Ok(pool.submit_at(&at, source, xts).await)
+		}
+		.boxed()
+	}
+
+	fn submit_one(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error> {
+		let pool = self.pool.clone();
+		let xt = Arc::from(xt);
+
+		self.metrics.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_transactions.inc());
+
+		let number = self.api.resolve_block_number(at);
+		async move {
+			let at = HashAndNumber { hash: at, number: number? };
+			pool.submit_one(&at, source, xt).await
+		}
+		.boxed()
+	}
+
+	fn submit_and_watch(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<Pin<Box<TransactionStatusStreamFor<Self>>>, Self::Error> {
+		let pool = self.pool.clone();
+		let xt = Arc::from(xt);
+
+		self.metrics.report(|metrics| metrics.submitted_transactions.inc());
+
+		let number = self.api.resolve_block_number(at);
+
+		async move {
+			let at = HashAndNumber { hash: at, number: number? };
+			let watcher = pool.submit_and_watch(&at, source, xt).await?;
+
+			Ok(watcher.into_stream().boxed())
+		}
+		.boxed()
+	}
+
+	fn remove_invalid(&self, hashes: &[TxHash<Self>]) -> Vec<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
+		let removed = self.pool.validated_pool().remove_invalid(hashes);
+		self.metrics
+			.report(|metrics| metrics.validations_invalid.inc_by(removed.len() as u64));
+		removed
+	}
+
+	fn status(&self) -> PoolStatus {
+		self.pool.validated_pool().status()
+	}
+
+	fn import_notification_stream(&self) -> ImportNotificationStream<TxHash<Self>> {
+		self.pool.validated_pool().import_notification_stream()
+	}
+
+	fn hash_of(&self, xt: &TransactionFor<Self>) -> TxHash<Self> {
+		self.pool.hash_of(xt)
+	}
+
+	fn on_broadcasted(&self, propagations: HashMap<TxHash<Self>, Vec<String>>) {
+		self.pool.validated_pool().on_broadcasted(propagations)
+	}
+
+	fn ready_transaction(&self, hash: &TxHash<Self>) -> Option<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
+		self.pool.validated_pool().ready_by_hash(hash)
+	}
+
+	fn ready_at(&self, at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash) -> PolledIterator<PoolApi> {
+		let Ok(at) = self.api.resolve_block_number(at) else {
+			return async { Box::new(std::iter::empty()) as Box<_> }.boxed()
+		};
+
+		let status = self.status();
+		// If there are no transactions in the pool, it is fine to return early.
+		//
+		// There could be transaction being added because of some re-org happening at the relevant
+		// block, but this is relative unlikely.
+		if status.ready == 0 && status.future == 0 {
+			return async { Box::new(std::iter::empty()) as Box<_> }.boxed()
+		}
+
+		if self.ready_poll.lock().updated_at() >= at {
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Transaction pool already processed block  #{}", at);
+			let iterator: ReadyIteratorFor<PoolApi> = Box::new(self.pool.validated_pool().ready());
+			return async move { iterator }.boxed()
+		}
+
+		self.ready_poll
+			.lock()
+			.add(at)
+			.map(|received| {
+				received.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+					log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Error receiving pending set: {:?}", e);
+					Box::new(std::iter::empty())
+				})
+			})
+			.boxed()
+	}
+
+	fn ready(&self) -> ReadyIteratorFor<PoolApi> {
+		Box::new(self.pool.validated_pool().ready())
+	}
+
+	fn futures(&self) -> Vec<Self::InPoolTransaction> {
+		let pool = self.pool.validated_pool().pool.read();
+		pool.futures().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>()
+	}
+
+	fn ready_at_with_timeout(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		timeout: std::time::Duration,
+	) -> PolledIterator<PoolApi> {
+		self.ready_at_with_timeout_internal(at, timeout)
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Block, Client> BasicPool<FullChainApi<Client, Block>, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::ExecutorProvider<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::UsageProvider<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ Send
+		+ Sync
+		+ 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+{
+	/// Create new basic transaction pool for a full node with the provided api.
+	pub fn new_full(
+		options: graph::Options,
+		is_validator: IsValidator,
+		prometheus: Option<&PrometheusRegistry>,
+		spawner: impl SpawnEssentialNamed,
+		client: Arc<Client>,
+	) -> Self {
+		let pool_api = Arc::new(FullChainApi::new(client.clone(), prometheus, &spawner));
+		let pool = Self::with_revalidation_type(
+			options,
+			is_validator,
+			pool_api,
+			prometheus,
+			RevalidationType::Full,
+			spawner,
+			client.usage_info().chain.best_number,
+			client.usage_info().chain.best_hash,
+			client.usage_info().chain.finalized_hash,
+		);
+
+		pool
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Block, Client> sc_transaction_pool_api::LocalTransactionPool
+	for BasicPool<FullChainApi<Client, Block>, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>,
+	Client: Send + Sync + 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+{
+	type Block = Block;
+	type Hash = graph::ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>;
+	type Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as graph::ChainApi>::Error;
+
+	fn submit_local(
+		&self,
+		at: Block::Hash,
+		xt: sc_transaction_pool_api::LocalTransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> Result<Self::Hash, Self::Error> {
+		use sp_runtime::{
+			traits::SaturatedConversion, transaction_validity::TransactionValidityError,
+		};
+
+		let validity = self
+			.api
+			.validate_transaction_blocking(at, TransactionSource::Local, Arc::from(xt.clone()))?
+			.map_err(|e| {
+				Self::Error::Pool(match e {
+					TransactionValidityError::Invalid(i) => TxPoolError::InvalidTransaction(i),
+					TransactionValidityError::Unknown(u) => TxPoolError::UnknownTransaction(u),
+				})
+			})?;
+
+		let (hash, bytes) = self.pool.validated_pool().api().hash_and_length(&xt);
+		let block_number = self
+			.api
+			.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::hash(at))?
+			.ok_or_else(|| error::Error::BlockIdConversion(format!("{:?}", at)))?;
+
+		let validated = ValidatedTransaction::valid_at(
+			block_number.saturated_into::<u64>(),
+			hash,
+			TransactionSource::Local,
+			Arc::from(xt),
+			bytes,
+			validity,
+		);
+
+		self.pool.validated_pool().submit(vec![validated]).remove(0)
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Debug))]
+enum RevalidationStatus<N> {
+	/// The revalidation has never been completed.
+	NotScheduled,
+	/// The revalidation is scheduled.
+	Scheduled(Option<Instant>, Option<N>),
+	/// The revalidation is in progress.
+	InProgress,
+}
+
+enum RevalidationStrategy<N> {
+	Always,
+	Light(RevalidationStatus<N>),
+}
+
+struct RevalidationAction {
+	revalidate: bool,
+	resubmit: bool,
+}
+
+impl<N: Clone + Copy + AtLeast32Bit> RevalidationStrategy<N> {
+	pub fn clear(&mut self) {
+		if let Self::Light(status) = self {
+			status.clear()
+		}
+	}
+
+	pub fn next(
+		&mut self,
+		block: N,
+		revalidate_time_period: Option<std::time::Duration>,
+		revalidate_block_period: Option<N>,
+	) -> RevalidationAction {
+		match self {
+			Self::Light(status) => RevalidationAction {
+				revalidate: status.next_required(
+					block,
+					revalidate_time_period,
+					revalidate_block_period,
+				),
+				resubmit: false,
+			},
+			Self::Always => RevalidationAction { revalidate: true, resubmit: true },
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl<N: Clone + Copy + AtLeast32Bit> RevalidationStatus<N> {
+	/// Called when revalidation is completed.
+	pub fn clear(&mut self) {
+		*self = Self::NotScheduled;
+	}
+
+	/// Returns true if revalidation is required.
+	pub fn next_required(
+		&mut self,
+		block: N,
+		revalidate_time_period: Option<std::time::Duration>,
+		revalidate_block_period: Option<N>,
+	) -> bool {
+		match *self {
+			Self::NotScheduled => {
+				*self = Self::Scheduled(
+					revalidate_time_period.map(|period| Instant::now() + period),
+					revalidate_block_period.map(|period| block + period),
+				);
+				false
+			},
+			Self::Scheduled(revalidate_at_time, revalidate_at_block) => {
+				let is_required =
+					revalidate_at_time.map(|at| Instant::now() >= at).unwrap_or(false) ||
+						revalidate_at_block.map(|at| block >= at).unwrap_or(false);
+				if is_required {
+					*self = Self::InProgress;
+				}
+				is_required
+			},
+			Self::InProgress => false,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// Prune the known txs for the given block.
+pub async fn prune_known_txs_for_block<Block: BlockT, Api: graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>>(
+	at: &HashAndNumber<Block>,
+	api: &Api,
+	pool: &graph::Pool<Api>,
+) -> Vec<ExtrinsicHash<Api>> {
+	let extrinsics = api
+		.block_body(at.hash)
+		.await
+		.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+			log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Prune known transactions: error request: {}", e);
+			None
+		})
+		.unwrap_or_default();
+
+	let hashes = extrinsics.iter().map(|tx| pool.hash_of(tx)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	let header = match api.block_header(at.hash) {
+		Ok(Some(h)) => h,
+		Ok(None) => {
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Could not find header for {:?}.", at.hash);
+			return hashes
+		},
+		Err(e) => {
+			log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Error retrieving header for {:?}: {}", at.hash, e);
+			return hashes
+		},
+	};
+
+	log_xt_trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, &hashes, "[{:?}] Pruning transaction.");
+
+	pool.prune(at, *header.parent_hash(), &extrinsics).await;
+	hashes
+}
+
+impl<PoolApi, Block> BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	PoolApi: 'static + graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
+{
+	/// Handles enactment and retraction of blocks, prunes stale transactions
+	/// (that have already been enacted) and resubmits transactions that were
+	/// retracted.
+	async fn handle_enactment(&self, tree_route: TreeRoute<Block>) {
+		log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "handle_enactment tree_route: {tree_route:?}");
+		let pool = self.pool.clone();
+		let api = self.api.clone();
+
+		let hash_and_number = match tree_route.last() {
+			Some(hash_and_number) => hash_and_number,
+			None => {
+				log::warn!(
+					target: LOG_TARGET,
+					"Skipping ChainEvent - no last block in tree route {:?}",
+					tree_route,
+				);
+				return
+			},
+		};
+
+		let next_action = self.revalidation_strategy.lock().next(
+			hash_and_number.number,
+			Some(std::time::Duration::from_secs(60)),
+			Some(20u32.into()),
+		);
+
+		// We keep track of everything we prune so that later we won't add
+		// transactions with those hashes from the retracted blocks.
+		let mut pruned_log = HashSet::<ExtrinsicHash<PoolApi>>::new();
+
+		// If there is a tree route, we use this to prune known tx based on the enacted
+		// blocks. Before pruning enacted transactions, we inform the listeners about
+		// retracted blocks and their transactions. This order is important, because
+		// if we enact and retract the same transaction at the same time, we want to
+		// send first the retract and then the prune event.
+		for retracted in tree_route.retracted() {
+			// notify txs awaiting finality that it has been retracted
+			pool.validated_pool().on_block_retracted(retracted.hash);
+		}
+
+		future::join_all(
+			tree_route.enacted().iter().map(|h| prune_known_txs_for_block(h, &*api, &*pool)),
+		)
+		.await
+		.into_iter()
+		.for_each(|enacted_log| {
+			pruned_log.extend(enacted_log);
+		});
+
+		self.metrics
+			.report(|metrics| metrics.block_transactions_pruned.inc_by(pruned_log.len() as u64));
+
+		if next_action.resubmit {
+			let mut resubmit_transactions = Vec::new();
+
+			for retracted in tree_route.retracted() {
+				let hash = retracted.hash;
+
+				let block_transactions = api
+					.block_body(hash)
+					.await
+					.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+						log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Failed to fetch block body: {}", e);
+						None
+					})
+					.unwrap_or_default()
+					.into_iter()
+					.filter(|tx| tx.is_signed().unwrap_or(true));
+
+				let mut resubmitted_to_report = 0;
+
+				resubmit_transactions.extend(
+					//todo: arctx - we need to get ref from somewhere
+					block_transactions.into_iter().map(Arc::from).filter(|tx| {
+						let tx_hash = pool.hash_of(tx);
+						let contains = pruned_log.contains(&tx_hash);
+
+						// need to count all transactions, not just filtered, here
+						resubmitted_to_report += 1;
+
+						if !contains {
+							log::trace!(
+								target: LOG_TARGET,
+								"[{:?}]: Resubmitting from retracted block {:?}",
+								tx_hash,
+								hash,
+							);
+						}
+						!contains
+					}),
+				);
+
+				self.metrics.report(|metrics| {
+					metrics.block_transactions_resubmitted.inc_by(resubmitted_to_report)
+				});
+			}
+
+			pool.resubmit_at(
+				&hash_and_number,
+				// These transactions are coming from retracted blocks, we should
+				// simply consider them external.
+				TransactionSource::External,
+				resubmit_transactions,
+			)
+			.await;
+		}
+
+		let extra_pool = pool.clone();
+		// After #5200 lands, this arguably might be moved to the
+		// handler of "all blocks notification".
+		self.ready_poll
+			.lock()
+			.trigger(hash_and_number.number, move || Box::new(extra_pool.validated_pool().ready()));
+
+		if next_action.revalidate {
+			let hashes = pool.validated_pool().ready().map(|tx| tx.hash).collect();
+			self.revalidation_queue.revalidate_later(hash_and_number.hash, hashes).await;
+
+			self.revalidation_strategy.lock().clear();
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl<PoolApi, Block> MaintainedTransactionPool for BasicPool<PoolApi, Block>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	PoolApi: 'static + graph::ChainApi<Block = Block>,
+{
+	async fn maintain(&self, event: ChainEvent<Self::Block>) {
+		let prev_finalized_block = self.enactment_state.lock().recent_finalized_block();
+		let compute_tree_route = |from, to| -> Result<TreeRoute<Block>, String> {
+			match self.api.tree_route(from, to) {
+				Ok(tree_route) => Ok(tree_route),
+				Err(e) =>
+					return Err(format!(
+						"Error occurred while computing tree_route from {from:?} to {to:?}: {e}"
+					)),
+			}
+		};
+		let block_id_to_number =
+			|hash| self.api.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(hash)).map_err(|e| format!("{}", e));
+
+		let result =
+			self.enactment_state
+				.lock()
+				.update(&event, &compute_tree_route, &block_id_to_number);
+
+		match result {
+			Err(msg) => {
+				log::trace!(target: LOG_TARGET, "{msg}");
+				self.enactment_state.lock().force_update(&event);
+			},
+			Ok(EnactmentAction::Skip) => return,
+			Ok(EnactmentAction::HandleFinalization) => {},
+			Ok(EnactmentAction::HandleEnactment(tree_route)) => {
+				self.handle_enactment(tree_route).await;
+			},
+		};
+
+		if let ChainEvent::Finalized { hash, tree_route } = event {
+			log::trace!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"on-finalized enacted: {tree_route:?}, previously finalized: \
+				{prev_finalized_block:?}",
+			);
+
+			for hash in tree_route.iter().chain(std::iter::once(&hash)) {
+				if let Err(e) = self.pool.validated_pool().on_block_finalized(*hash).await {
+					log::warn!(
+						target: LOG_TARGET,
+						"Error occurred while attempting to notify watchers about finalization {}: {}",
+						hash, e
+					)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/transaction_pool_wrapper.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/transaction_pool_wrapper.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4e1b53833b8f59fc4e7eba43ad0df59311683cc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/src/transaction_pool_wrapper.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Transaction pool wrapper. Provides a type for wrapping object providing actual implementation of
+//! transaction pool.
+
+use crate::{
+	builder::FullClientTransactionPool,
+	graph::{base_pool::Transaction, ExtrinsicFor, ExtrinsicHash},
+	ChainApi, FullChainApi,
+};
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{
+	ChainEvent, ImportNotificationStream, LocalTransactionFor, LocalTransactionPool,
+	MaintainedTransactionPool, PoolFuture, PoolStatus, ReadyTransactions, TransactionFor,
+	TransactionPool, TransactionSource, TransactionStatusStreamFor, TxHash,
+};
+use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
+use std::{collections::HashMap, future::Future, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
+
+/// The wrapper for actual object providing implementation of TransactionPool.
+///
+/// This wraps actual implementation of the TransactionPool, e.g. fork-aware or single-state.
+pub struct TransactionPoolWrapper<Block, Client>(
+	pub Box<dyn FullClientTransactionPool<Block, Client>>,
+)
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>;
+
+impl<Block, Client> TransactionPool for TransactionPoolWrapper<Block, Client>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+{
+	type Block = Block;
+	type Hash = ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>;
+	type InPoolTransaction = Transaction<
+		ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+		ExtrinsicFor<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>,
+	>;
+	type Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as ChainApi>::Error;
+
+	fn submit_at(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xts: Vec<TransactionFor<Self>>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<Vec<Result<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error>>, Self::Error> {
+		self.0.submit_at(at, source, xts)
+	}
+
+	fn submit_one(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<TxHash<Self>, Self::Error> {
+		self.0.submit_one(at, source, xt)
+	}
+
+	fn submit_and_watch(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		source: TransactionSource,
+		xt: TransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> PoolFuture<Pin<Box<TransactionStatusStreamFor<Self>>>, Self::Error> {
+		self.0.submit_and_watch(at, source, xt)
+	}
+
+	fn ready_at(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+	) -> Pin<
+		Box<
+			dyn Future<
+					Output = Box<dyn ReadyTransactions<Item = Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> + Send>,
+				> + Send,
+		>,
+	> {
+		self.0.ready_at(at)
+	}
+
+	fn ready(&self) -> Box<dyn ReadyTransactions<Item = Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> + Send> {
+		self.0.ready()
+	}
+
+	fn remove_invalid(&self, hashes: &[TxHash<Self>]) -> Vec<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
+		self.0.remove_invalid(hashes)
+	}
+
+	fn futures(&self) -> Vec<Self::InPoolTransaction> {
+		self.0.futures()
+	}
+
+	fn status(&self) -> PoolStatus {
+		self.0.status()
+	}
+
+	fn import_notification_stream(&self) -> ImportNotificationStream<TxHash<Self>> {
+		self.0.import_notification_stream()
+	}
+
+	fn on_broadcasted(&self, propagations: HashMap<TxHash<Self>, Vec<String>>) {
+		self.0.on_broadcasted(propagations)
+	}
+
+	fn hash_of(&self, xt: &TransactionFor<Self>) -> TxHash<Self> {
+		self.0.hash_of(xt)
+	}
+
+	fn ready_transaction(&self, hash: &TxHash<Self>) -> Option<Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> {
+		self.0.ready_transaction(hash)
+	}
+
+	fn ready_at_with_timeout(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		timeout: std::time::Duration,
+	) -> Pin<
+		Box<
+			dyn Future<
+					Output = Box<dyn ReadyTransactions<Item = Arc<Self::InPoolTransaction>> + Send>,
+				> + Send
+				+ '_,
+		>,
+	> {
+		self.0.ready_at_with_timeout(at, timeout)
+	}
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl<Block, Client> MaintainedTransactionPool for TransactionPoolWrapper<Block, Client>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+{
+	async fn maintain(&self, event: ChainEvent<Self::Block>) {
+		self.0.maintain(event).await;
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Block, Client> LocalTransactionPool for TransactionPoolWrapper<Block, Client>
+where
+	Block: BlockT,
+	Client: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::BlockBackend<Block>
+		+ sc_client_api::blockchain::HeaderBackend<Block>
+		+ sp_runtime::traits::BlockIdTo<Block>
+		+ sp_blockchain::HeaderMetadata<Block, Error = sp_blockchain::Error>
+		+ 'static,
+	Client::Api: sp_transaction_pool::runtime_api::TaggedTransactionQueue<Block>,
+{
+	type Block = Block;
+	type Hash = ExtrinsicHash<FullChainApi<Client, Block>>;
+	type Error = <FullChainApi<Client, Block> as ChainApi>::Error;
+
+	fn submit_local(
+		&self,
+		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
+		xt: LocalTransactionFor<Self>,
+	) -> Result<Self::Hash, Self::Error> {
+		self.0.submit_local(at, xt)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9f343a9bd0293ee35bbafeba246ef58c6c32fb9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,2617 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Tests for fork-aware transaction pool.
+
+use fatp_common::{
+	finalized_block_event, invalid_hash, new_best_block_event, pool, pool_with_api,
+	test_chain_with_forks, LOG_TARGET, SOURCE,
+};
+use futures::{executor::block_on, task::Poll, FutureExt, StreamExt};
+use sc_transaction_pool::ChainApi;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{
+	error::{Error as TxPoolError, IntoPoolError},
+	ChainEvent, MaintainedTransactionPool, TransactionPool, TransactionStatus,
+};
+use sp_runtime::transaction_validity::InvalidTransaction;
+use std::{sync::Arc, time::Duration};
+use substrate_test_runtime_client::AccountKeyring::*;
+use substrate_test_runtime_transaction_pool::uxt;
+
+pub mod fatp_common;
+
+// Some ideas for tests:
+// - view.ready iterator
+// - stale transaction submission when there is single view only (expect error)
+// - stale transaction submission when there are more views (expect ok if tx is ok for at least one
+//   view)
+// - view count (e.g. same new block notified twice)
+// - invalid with many views (different cases)
+//
+// review (from old pool) and maybe re-use:
+// fn import_notification_to_pool_maintain_works()
+// fn prune_tags_should_work()
+// fn should_ban_invalid_transactions()
+// fn should_correctly_prune_transactions_providing_more_than_one_tag()
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_no_view_future_and_ready_submit_one_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(header.hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(header.hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	assert!(results.iter().all(|r| { r.is_ok() }));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_no_view_future_and_ready_submit_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xts0 = (200..205).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts1 = (205..210).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts2 = (215..220).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts2.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	assert!(results.into_iter().flat_map(|x| x.unwrap()).all(|r| { r.is_ok() }));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_no_view_submit_already_imported_reports_error() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xts0 = (215..220).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts1 = xts0.clone();
+
+	let submission_ok = pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts0.clone());
+	let results = block_on(submission_ok);
+	assert!(results.unwrap().into_iter().all(|r| r.is_ok()));
+
+	let submission_failing = pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts1.clone());
+	let results = block_on(submission_failing);
+
+	assert!(results
+		.unwrap()
+		.into_iter()
+		.all(|r| { matches!(r.unwrap_err().0, TxPoolError::AlreadyImported(_)) }));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_one_view_future_and_ready_submit_one_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	// let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(header.hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(header.hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+	];
+
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header.hash(), &pool, 1, 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_one_view_future_and_ready_submit_many_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	// let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xts0 = (200..205).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts1 = (205..210).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts2 = (215..220).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts2.clone()),
+	];
+
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header.hash(), &pool, 10, 5);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_one_view_stale_submit_one_fails() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 100);
+	let submissions = vec![pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())];
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	//xt0 should be stale
+	assert!(matches!(
+		&results[0].as_ref().unwrap_err().0,
+		TxPoolError::InvalidTransaction(InvalidTransaction::Stale,)
+	));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_one_view_stale_submit_many_fails() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xts0 = (100..105).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts1 = (105..110).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts2 = (195..201).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_at(header.hash(), SOURCE, xts2.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	//xts2 contains one ready transaction (nonce:200)
+	let mut results = results.into_iter().flat_map(|x| x.unwrap()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	log::debug!("{:#?}", results);
+	assert!(results.pop().unwrap().is_ok());
+	assert!(results.into_iter().all(|r| {
+		matches!(
+			&r.as_ref().unwrap_err().0,
+			TxPoolError::InvalidTransaction(InvalidTransaction::Stale,)
+		)
+	}));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_one_view_future_turns_to_ready_works() {
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let at = header.hash();
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, at);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert!(pool.ready().count() == 0);
+	assert_pool_status!(at, &pool, 0, 1);
+
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let ready: Vec<_> = pool.ready().map(|v| (*v.data).clone()).collect();
+	assert_eq!(ready, vec![xt1, xt0]);
+	assert_pool_status!(at, &pool, 2, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_one_view_ready_gets_pruned() {
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let block1 = header.hash();
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, block1);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let pending: Vec<_> = pool.ready().map(|v| (*v.data).clone()).collect();
+	assert_eq!(pending, vec![xt0.clone()]);
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&block1].ready, 1);
+
+	let header = api.push_block(2, vec![xt0], true);
+	let block2 = header.hash();
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(block1), block2);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(block2, &pool, 0, 0);
+	assert!(pool.ready().count() == 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_one_view_ready_turns_to_stale_works() {
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let block1 = header.hash();
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, block1);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let pending: Vec<_> = pool.ready().map(|v| (*v.data).clone()).collect();
+	assert_eq!(pending, vec![xt0.clone()]);
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&block1].ready, 1);
+
+	let header = api.push_block(2, vec![], true);
+	let block2 = header.hash();
+	//tricky: typically the block2 shall contain conflicting transaction for Alice. In this test we
+	//want to check revalidation, so we manually adjust nonce.
+	api.set_nonce(block2, Alice.into(), 201);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(block1), block2);
+	//note: blocking revalidation (w/o background worker) which is used in this test will detect
+	// xt0 is stale
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	//todo: should it work at all? (it requires better revalidation: mempool keeping validated txs)
+	// assert_pool_status!(block2, &pool, 0, 0);
+	// assert!(pool.ready(block2).unwrap().count() == 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_two_views_future_and_ready_submit_one() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+	let header01a = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	api.set_nonce(header01b.hash(), Alice.into(), 202);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(genesis, SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(genesis, SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+	];
+
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01a.hash(), &pool, 1, 1);
+	assert_pool_status!(header01b.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_two_views_future_and_ready_submit_many() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01a = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	api.set_nonce(header01b.hash(), Alice.into(), 215);
+
+	let xts0 = (200..205).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts1 = (205..210).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xts2 = (215..220).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_at(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xts0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_at(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xts1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_at(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xts2.clone()),
+	];
+
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "stats: {:#?}", pool.status_all());
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01a.hash(), &pool, 10, 5);
+	assert_pool_status!(header01b.hash(), &pool, 5, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_two_views_submit_many_variations() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 206);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 206);
+
+	let result = block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()));
+	assert!(result.is_ok());
+
+	let header01a = api.push_block(1, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+
+	api.set_nonce(header01a.hash(), Alice.into(), 201);
+	api.set_nonce(header01b.hash(), Alice.into(), 202);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let mut xts = (199..204).map(|i| uxt(Alice, i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	xts.push(xt0);
+	xts.push(xt1);
+
+	let results = block_on(pool.submit_at(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xts.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "res: {:#?}", results);
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "stats: {:#?}", pool.status_all());
+
+	(0..2).for_each(|i| {
+		assert!(matches!(
+			results[i].as_ref().unwrap_err().0,
+			TxPoolError::InvalidTransaction(InvalidTransaction::Stale,)
+		));
+	});
+	//note: tx at 2 is valid at header01a and invalid at header01b
+	(2..5).for_each(|i| {
+		assert_eq!(*results[i].as_ref().unwrap(), api.hash_and_length(&xts[i]).0);
+	});
+	//xt0 at index 5 (transaction from the imported block, gets banned when pruned)
+	assert!(matches!(results[5].as_ref().unwrap_err().0, TxPoolError::TemporarilyBanned));
+	//xt1 at index 6
+	assert!(matches!(results[6].as_ref().unwrap_err().0, TxPoolError::AlreadyImported(_)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_linear_progress() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(None);
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let f11 = forks[1][1].hash();
+	let f13 = forks[1][3].hash();
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, f11);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Bob, 203);
+	let submissions = vec![pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())];
+
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f11), f13);
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "event: {:#?}", event);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	//note: we only keep tip of the fork
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 1);
+	assert_pool_status!(f13, &pool, 1, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_linear_old_ready_becoming_stale() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	// Our initial transactions
+	let xts = vec![uxt(Alice, 300), uxt(Alice, 301), uxt(Alice, 302)];
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	xts.into_iter().for_each(|xt| {
+		block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt)).unwrap();
+	});
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header01.hash()].ready, 0);
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header01.hash()].future, 3);
+
+	// Import enough blocks to make our transactions stale (longevity is 64)
+	let mut prev_header = header01;
+	for n in 2..66 {
+		let header = api.push_block(n, vec![], true);
+		let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(prev_header.hash()), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+		if n == 65 {
+			assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header.hash()].ready, 0);
+			assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header.hash()].future, 0);
+		} else {
+			assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header.hash()].ready, 0);
+			assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header.hash()].future, 3);
+		}
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_fork_reorg() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(None);
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let f03 = forks[0][3].hash();
+	let f13 = forks[1][3].hash();
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, f03);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Bob, 203);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 204);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 203);
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f03), f13);
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "event: {:#?}", event);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(f03, &pool, 1, 2);
+	assert_pool_status!(f13, &pool, 6, 0);
+
+	//check if ready for block[1][3] contains resubmitted transactions
+	let mut expected = forks[0]
+		.iter()
+		.take(4)
+		.flat_map(|h| block_on(api.block_body(h.hash())).unwrap().unwrap())
+		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	expected.extend_from_slice(&[xt0, xt1, xt2]);
+
+	let ready_f13 = pool.ready().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	expected.iter().for_each(|e| {
+		assert!(ready_f13.iter().any(|v| *v.data == *e));
+	});
+	assert_eq!(expected.len(), ready_f13.len());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_fork_do_resubmit_same_tx() {
+	let xt = uxt(Alice, 200);
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, xt.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header01.hash()].ready, 1);
+
+	let header02a = api.push_block(1, vec![xt.clone()], true);
+	let header02b = api.push_block(1, vec![xt], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02a.hash()), header02b.hash());
+	api.set_nonce(header02a.hash(), Alice.into(), 201);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header02b.hash()].ready, 0);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(api.genesis_hash()), header02b.hash());
+	api.set_nonce(header02b.hash(), Alice.into(), 201);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header02b.hash()].ready, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_fork_stale_rejected() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	// note: there are no xts in blocks on fork 0!
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(Some(&|f, b| match (f, b) {
+		(0, _) => false,
+		_ => true,
+	}));
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let f03 = forks[0][3].hash();
+	let f13 = forks[1][3].hash();
+
+	//     n:201   n:202   n:203    <-- alice nonce
+	//     F01   - F02   - F03      <-- xt2 is stale
+	//    /
+	// F00
+	//    \
+	//     F11[t0] - F12[t1] - F13[t2]
+	//     n:201     n:202    n:203    <-- bob nonce
+	//
+	//   t0 = uxt(Bob,200)
+	//   t1 = uxt(Bob,201)
+	//   t2 = uxt(Bob,201)
+	//  xt0 = uxt(Bob, 203)
+	//  xt1 = uxt(Bob, 204)
+	//  xt2 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, f03);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Bob, 203);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 204);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+	let submission_results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let futures_f03 = pool.futures();
+
+	//xt2 should be stale
+	assert!(matches!(
+		&submission_results[2].as_ref().unwrap_err().0,
+		TxPoolError::InvalidTransaction(InvalidTransaction::Stale,)
+	));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f03), f13);
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "event: {:#?}", event);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(f03, &pool, 0, 2);
+
+	//xt2 was removed from the pool, it is not becoming future:
+	//note: theoretically we could keep xt2 in the pool, even if it was reported as stale. But it
+	//seems to be an unnecessary complication.
+	assert_pool_status!(f13, &pool, 2, 0);
+
+	let futures_f13 = pool.futures();
+	let ready_f13 = pool.ready().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert!(futures_f13.iter().next().is_none());
+	assert!(futures_f03.iter().any(|v| *v.data == xt0));
+	assert!(futures_f03.iter().any(|v| *v.data == xt1));
+	assert!(ready_f13.iter().any(|v| *v.data == xt0));
+	assert!(ready_f13.iter().any(|v| *v.data == xt1));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_fork_no_xts_ready_switch_to_future() {
+	//this scenario w/o xts is not likely to happen, but similar thing (xt changing from ready to
+	//future) could occur e.g. when runtime was updated on fork1.
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	// note: there are no xts in blocks!
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(Some(&|_, _| false));
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let f03 = forks[0][3].hash();
+	let f12 = forks[1][2].hash();
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, f03);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	// xt0 is ready on f03, but future on f12, f13
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 203);
+	let submissions = vec![pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())];
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f03), f12);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(f03, &pool, 1, 0);
+	// f12 was not updated - xt0 is still ready there
+	// (todo: can we do better? shall we revalidate all future xts?)
+	assert_pool_status!(f12, &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	//xt0 becomes future, and this may only happen after view revalidation (which happens on
+	//finalization). So trigger it.
+	let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), f12);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	// f03 still dangling
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 2);
+
+	// wait 10 blocks for revalidation and 1 extra for applying revalidation results
+	let mut prev_header = forks[1][2].clone();
+	log::debug!("====> {:?}", prev_header);
+	for _ in 3..=12 {
+		let header = api.push_block_with_parent(prev_header.hash(), vec![], true);
+		let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, prev_header.hash(), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+
+	assert_pool_status!(prev_header.hash(), &pool, 0, 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_at_does_not_trigger() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(None);
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let f03 = forks[0][3].hash();
+	let f13 = forks[1][3].hash();
+
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f03).now_or_never().is_none());
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f13).now_or_never().is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_at_does_not_trigger_after_submit() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(None);
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0));
+
+	let f03 = forks[0][3].hash();
+	let f13 = forks[1][3].hash();
+
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f03).now_or_never().is_none());
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f13).now_or_never().is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_at_triggered_by_maintain() {
+	//this scenario w/o xts is not likely to happen, but similar thing (xt changing from ready to
+	//future) could occur e.g. when runtime was updated on fork1.
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(Some(&|_, _| false));
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let f03 = forks[0][3].hash();
+	let f13 = forks[1][3].hash();
+
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f03).now_or_never().is_none());
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, f03);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f03).now_or_never().is_some());
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 203);
+	let submissions = vec![pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())];
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f03), f13);
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "event: {:#?}", event);
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f13).now_or_never().is_none());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f03).now_or_never().is_some());
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(f13).now_or_never().is_some());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_at_triggered_by_maintain2() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	// let (pool, api, _guard) = maintained_pool();
+	// let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	//
+	// let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 209);
+	//
+	// block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(1), SOURCE, xt1.clone()))
+	// 	.expect("1. Imported");
+
+	let noop_waker = futures::task::noop_waker();
+	let mut context = futures::task::Context::from_waker(&noop_waker);
+
+	let mut ready_set_future = pool.ready_at(header01.hash());
+	if ready_set_future.poll_unpin(&mut context).is_ready() {
+		panic!("Ready set should not be ready before block update!");
+	}
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	// block_on(pool.maintain(block_event(header)));
+
+	match ready_set_future.poll_unpin(&mut context) {
+		Poll::Pending => {
+			panic!("Ready set should become ready after block update!");
+		},
+		Poll::Ready(iterator) => {
+			let data = iterator.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+			assert_eq!(data.len(), 1);
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_linear_progress_finalization() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(None);
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let f00 = forks[0][0].hash();
+	let f12 = forks[1][2].hash();
+	let f14 = forks[1][4].hash();
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, f00);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Bob, 204);
+	let submissions = vec![pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())];
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f00), f12);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(f12, &pool, 0, 1);
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 1);
+
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "stats: {:#?}", pool.status_all());
+
+	let event = ChainEvent::Finalized { hash: f14, tree_route: Arc::from(vec![]) };
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "stats: {:#?}", pool.status_all());
+
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 1);
+	assert_pool_status!(f14, &pool, 1, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_fork_finalization_removes_stale_views() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (api, forks) = test_chain_with_forks::chain(None);
+	let (pool, _) = pool_with_api(api.clone());
+
+	let f00 = forks[0][0].hash();
+	let f12 = forks[1][2].hash();
+	let f14 = forks[1][4].hash();
+	let f02 = forks[0][2].hash();
+	let f03 = forks[0][3].hash();
+	let f04 = forks[0][4].hash();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Bob, 203);
+	let submissions = vec![pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())];
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f00), f12);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f00), f14);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(f00), f02);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	//only views at the tips of the forks are kept
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 2);
+
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "stats: {:#?}", pool.status_all());
+
+	let event = ChainEvent::Finalized { hash: f03, tree_route: Arc::from(vec![]) };
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "stats: {:#?}", pool.status_all());
+	// note: currently the pruning views only cleans views with block number less than finalized
+	// block. views with higher number on other forks are not cleaned (will be done in next round).
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 2);
+
+	let event = ChainEvent::Finalized { hash: f04, tree_route: Arc::from(vec![]) };
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_invalid_fails_on_submission() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 150);
+	api.add_invalid(&xt0);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()));
+	let xt0_watcher = xt0_watcher.map(|_| ());
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+	assert!(matches!(
+		xt0_watcher.unwrap_err().into_pool_error(),
+		Ok(TxPoolError::InvalidTransaction(InvalidTransaction::Stale))
+	));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_invalid_single_revalidation() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(api.genesis_hash()), header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	api.add_invalid(&xt0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![], true);
+	let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	// wait 10 blocks for revalidation
+	let mut prev_header = header02;
+	for n in 3..=11 {
+		let header = api.push_block(n, vec![], true);
+		let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, prev_header.hash(), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+
+	let xt0_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	log::debug!("xt0_events: {:#?}", xt0_events);
+	assert_eq!(xt0_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::Invalid]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_invalid_single_revalidation2() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 1));
+	api.add_invalid(&xt0);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	log::debug!("xt0_events: {:#?}", xt0_events);
+	assert_eq!(xt0_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Invalid]);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 0));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_invalid_single_revalidation3() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 150);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 1));
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	// wait 10 blocks for revalidation
+	let mut prev_header = header01;
+	for n in 2..=11 {
+		let header = api.push_block(n, vec![], true);
+		let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, prev_header.hash(), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+
+	let xt0_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	log::debug!("xt0_events: {:#?}", xt0_events);
+	assert_eq!(xt0_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Invalid]);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 0));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_future() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 0, 1);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![], true);
+	let event = ChainEvent::Finalized {
+		hash: header02.hash(),
+		tree_route: Arc::from(vec![header01.hash()]),
+	};
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 0, 1);
+
+	let xt0_events = block_on(xt0_watcher.take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	assert_eq!(xt0_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Future]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_ready() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![], true);
+	let event = ChainEvent::Finalized {
+		hash: header02.hash(),
+		tree_route: Arc::from(vec![header01.hash()]),
+	};
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let xt0_events = block_on(xt0_watcher.take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	assert_eq!(xt0_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_finalized() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt0], true);
+	let event = ChainEvent::Finalized {
+		hash: header02.hash(),
+		tree_route: Arc::from(vec![header01.hash()]),
+	};
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let xt0_events = block_on(xt0_watcher.collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_events,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_in_block() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt0], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	let xt0_events = block_on(xt0_watcher.take(2).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_events,
+		vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_future_and_finalized() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let mut submissions = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let xt1_watcher = submissions.remove(1).unwrap();
+	let xt0_watcher = submissions.remove(0).unwrap();
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 1, 1);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt0], true);
+	let event = ChainEvent::Finalized {
+		hash: header02.hash(),
+		tree_route: Arc::from(vec![header01.hash()]),
+	};
+	// let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 0, 1);
+
+	let xt1_status = block_on(xt1_watcher.take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	assert_eq!(xt1_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Future]);
+	let xt0_status = block_on(xt0_watcher.collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_two_finalized_in_different_block() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Dave.into(), 200);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Dave, 200);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+	let mut submissions = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let xt2_watcher = submissions.remove(2).unwrap();
+	let xt1_watcher = submissions.remove(1).unwrap();
+	let xt0_watcher = submissions.remove(0).unwrap();
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 3, 0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt3.clone(), xt2.clone(), xt0.clone()], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02.hash(), Alice.into(), 201);
+	//note: no maintain for block02 (!)
+
+	let header03 = api.push_block(3, vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header03.hash())));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header03.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03.hash(), 0))
+		]
+	);
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_status: {:#?}", xt0_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 2)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 2))
+		]
+	);
+
+	let xt2_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	log::debug!("xt2_status: {:#?}", xt2_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt2_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 1)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 1))
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_no_view_pool_watcher_two_finalized_in_different_block() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Dave.into(), 200);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Dave, 200);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+	let mut submissions = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let xt2_watcher = submissions.remove(2).unwrap();
+	let xt1_watcher = submissions.remove(1).unwrap();
+	let xt0_watcher = submissions.remove(0).unwrap();
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt3.clone(), xt2.clone(), xt0.clone()], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02.hash(), Alice.into(), 201);
+	api.set_nonce(header02.hash(), Bob.into(), 201);
+	api.set_nonce(header02.hash(), Dave.into(), 201);
+	//note: no maintain for block02 (!)
+
+	let header03 = api.push_block(3, vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header03.hash(), Alice.into(), 202);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header03.hash())));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header03.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt1_status: {:#?}", xt1_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03.hash(), 0))
+		]
+	);
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_status: {:#?}", xt0_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 2)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 2))
+		]
+	);
+
+	let xt2_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	log::debug!("xt2_status: {:#?}", xt2_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt2_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 1)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 1))
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_in_block_across_many_blocks() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	//note 1: transaction is not submitted to views that are not at the tip of the fork
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 1);
+	assert_eq!(pool.inactive_views_count(), 1);
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 3, 0);
+
+	let header03 = api.push_block(3, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02.hash()), header03.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header03.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).take(2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_status: {:#?}", xt0_status);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 0)),]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_in_block_across_many_blocks2() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let xt1_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	//note 1: transaction is not submitted to views that are not at the tip of the fork
+	assert_eq!(pool.active_views_count(), 1);
+	assert_eq!(pool.inactive_views_count(), 1);
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 3, 0);
+
+	let header03 = api.push_block(3, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let header04 = api.push_block(4, vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02.hash()), header04.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header04.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).take(2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).take(2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_status: {:#?}", xt0_status);
+	log::debug!("xt1_status: {:#?}", xt1_status);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 0)),]
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_status,
+		vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::InBlock((header04.hash(), 0)),]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_dropping_listener_should_work() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+
+	// intentionally drop the listener - nothing should panic.
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_fork_retract_and_finalize() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let header02a = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02a.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let header02b = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let event = ChainEvent::Finalized {
+		hash: header02b.hash(),
+		tree_route: Arc::from(vec![header01.hash()]),
+	};
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02b.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_status: {:#?}", xt0_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02a.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02b.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02b.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_retract_all_forks() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+
+	let header02a = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(genesis), header02a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02a.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let header02b = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02a.hash()), header02b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02b.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let header02c = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![], true);
+	let event =
+		ChainEvent::Finalized { hash: header02c.hash(), tree_route: Arc::from(vec![genesis]) };
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02c.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_finalizing_forks() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Dave.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Eve.into(), 200);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Charlie, 200);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Dave, 200);
+	let xt4 = uxt(Eve, 200);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header01.hash())));
+
+	let xt1_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header02a = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02a.hash())));
+
+	let xt2_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header03a = api.push_block_with_parent(header02a.hash(), vec![xt2.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02a.hash()), header03a.hash())));
+
+	let xt3_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt3.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header02b = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt3.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02b.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header02b.hash())));
+
+	let xt4_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt4.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header03b = api.push_block_with_parent(header02b.hash(), vec![xt4.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02b.hash()), header03b.hash())));
+
+	let header04b =
+		api.push_block_with_parent(header03b.hash(), vec![xt1.clone(), xt2.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header03b.hash()), header04b.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header02b.hash(), header04b.hash())));
+
+	//=======================
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt2_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt3_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt3_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt4_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt4_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header01.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header01.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02a.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header04b.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header04b.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt2_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03a.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header04b.hash(), 1)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header04b.hash(), 1)),
+		]
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt3_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02b.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02b.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt4_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03b.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03b.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_best_block_after_finalized() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	// todo: shall we submit to finalized views? (if it is at the tip of the fork then yes?)
+	// assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+
+	let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0_events = block_on(xt0_watcher.collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_events,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_best_block_after_finalized2() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+
+	let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(api.genesis_hash()), header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0_events = block_on(xt0_watcher.collect::<Vec<_>>());
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_events,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header01.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header01.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_switching_fork_multiple_times_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header01a = api.push_block(1, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+
+	let xt1_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![xt0.clone(), xt1.clone()], true);
+
+	//note: finalized block here must be header01b.
+	//It is because of how the order in which MultiViewListener is processing tx events and view
+	//events. tx events from single view are processed first, then view commands are handled. If
+	//finalization happens in first view reported then no events from others views will be
+	//processed.
+
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01a.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01a.hash()), header01b.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01b.hash()), header01a.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header01b.hash())));
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).take(2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_status: {:#?}", xt0_status);
+	log::debug!("xt1_status: {:#?}", xt1_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header01a.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header01b.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header01b.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_status,
+		vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::InBlock((header01b.hash(), 1)),]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_two_blocks_delayed_finalization_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 200);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Charlie, 200);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header02 = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+
+	let xt1_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header03 = api.push_block_with_parent(header02.hash(), vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+
+	let xt2_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header04 = api.push_block_with_parent(header03.hash(), vec![xt2.clone()], true);
+
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header01.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header04.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header03.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header03.hash(), header04.hash())));
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt2_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	//todo: double events.
+	//view for header04 reported InBlock for all xts.
+	//Then finalization comes for header03. We need to create a view to sent finalization events.
+	//But in_block are also sent because of pruning - normal process during view creation.
+	//
+	//Do not know what solution should be in this case?
+	// - just jeep two events,
+	// - block pruning somehow (seems like excessive additional logic not really needed)
+	// - build view from recent best block? (retracting instead of enacting?)
+	// - de-dup events in listener (implemented)
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt2_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header04.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header04.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_delayed_finalization_does_not_retract() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 200);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header02 = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+
+	let xt1_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header03 = api.push_block_with_parent(header02.hash(), vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header02.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02.hash()), header03.hash())));
+
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header02.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header02.hash(), header03.hash())));
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_best_block_after_finalization_does_not_retract() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 200);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xt0_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header02 = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+
+	let xt1_watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let header03 = api.push_block_with_parent(header02.hash(), vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header01.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header03.hash())));
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(api.genesis_hash()), header02.hash())));
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_status: {:#?}", xt0_status);
+	log::debug!("xt1_status: {:#?}", xt1_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03.hash(), 0)),
+		]
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_watcher_invalid_many_revalidation() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash())));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Alice, 203);
+	let xt4 = uxt(Alice, 204);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt3.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt4.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let submissions = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header01.hash()].ready, 5);
+
+	let mut watchers = submissions.into_iter().map(Result::unwrap).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt4_watcher = watchers.remove(4);
+	let xt3_watcher = watchers.remove(3);
+	let xt2_watcher = watchers.remove(2);
+	let xt1_watcher = watchers.remove(1);
+	let xt0_watcher = watchers.remove(0);
+
+	api.add_invalid(&xt3);
+	api.add_invalid(&xt4);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header02.hash())));
+
+	//todo: shall revalidation check finalized (fork's tip) view?
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header02.hash()].ready, 5);
+
+	let header03 = api.push_block(3, vec![xt0.clone(), xt1.clone(), xt2.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header02.hash(), header03.hash())));
+
+	// wait 10 blocks for revalidation
+	let mut prev_header = header03.clone();
+	for n in 4..=11 {
+		let header = api.push_block(n, vec![], true);
+		let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, prev_header.hash(), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+
+	let xt0_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt1_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt2_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt3_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt3_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt4_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt4_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_events: {:#?}", xt0_events);
+	log::debug!("xt1_events: {:#?}", xt1_events);
+	log::debug!("xt2_events: {:#?}", xt2_events);
+	log::debug!("xt3_events: {:#?}", xt3_events);
+	log::debug!("xt4_events: {:#?}", xt4_events);
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_events,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03.hash(), 0))
+		],
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_events,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 1)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03.hash(), 1))
+		],
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt2_events,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header03.hash(), 2)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header03.hash(), 2))
+		],
+	);
+	assert_eq!(xt3_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::Invalid],);
+	assert_eq!(xt4_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::Invalid],);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn should_not_retain_invalid_hashes_from_retracted() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	let xt = uxt(Alice, 200);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash())));
+	let watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	let header02a = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt.clone()], true);
+
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02a.hash())));
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header02a.hash()].ready, 0);
+
+	api.add_invalid(&xt);
+	let header02b = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header02b.hash())));
+
+	// wait 10 blocks for revalidation
+	let mut prev_header = header02b.clone();
+	for _ in 3..=11 {
+		let header = api.push_block_with_parent(prev_header.hash(), vec![], true);
+		let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, prev_header.hash(), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		futures::executor::block_on_stream(watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02a.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Invalid
+		],
+	);
+
+	//todo: shall revalidation check finalized (fork's tip) view?
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&prev_header.hash()].ready, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn should_revalidate_during_maintenance() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash())));
+
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let watcher = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header01.hash()].ready, 2);
+	assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 2);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	api.add_invalid(&xt2);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header02.hash())));
+
+	//todo: shall revalidation check finalized (fork's tip) view?
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header02.hash()].ready, 1);
+
+	// wait 10 blocks for revalidation
+	let mut prev_header = header02.clone();
+	for _ in 3..=11 {
+		let header = api.push_block_with_parent(prev_header.hash(), vec![], true);
+		let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, prev_header.hash(), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+
+	assert_eq!(
+		futures::executor::block_on_stream(watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+		vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::Invalid],
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_transactions_purging_stale_on_finalization_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash())));
+
+	let watcher1 = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let watcher2 = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt3.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 3);
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header01.hash()].ready, 3);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (1, 2));
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt1.clone(), xt2.clone(), xt3.clone()], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02.hash(), Alice.into(), 203);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header02.hash())));
+
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header02.hash()].ready, 0);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 0));
+
+	let xt1_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(watcher1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt2_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(watcher2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt1_events,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0))
+		],
+	);
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt2_events,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 1)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 1))
+		],
+	);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_transactions_purging_invalid_on_finalization_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash())));
+
+	let watcher1 = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let watcher2 = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt3.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 3);
+	assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header01.hash()].ready, 3);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (1, 2));
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![], true);
+	api.add_invalid(&xt1);
+	api.add_invalid(&xt2);
+	api.add_invalid(&xt3);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, header01.hash(), header02.hash())));
+
+	// wait 10 blocks for revalidation
+	let mut prev_header = header02;
+	for n in 3..=13 {
+		let header = api.push_block(n, vec![], true);
+		let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, prev_header.hash(), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+
+	//todo: should it work at all? (it requires better revalidation: mempool keeping validated txs)
+	//additionally it also requires revalidation of finalized view.
+	// assert_eq!(pool.status_all()[&header02.hash()].ready, 0);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 0));
+
+	let xt1_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(watcher1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let xt2_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(watcher2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt1_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::Invalid]);
+	assert_eq!(xt2_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::Invalid]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn import_sink_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+	let header01a = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let import_stream = pool.import_notification_stream();
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	api.set_nonce(header01b.hash(), Alice.into(), 202);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(genesis, SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(genesis, SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+	];
+
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01a.hash(), &pool, 1, 1);
+	assert_pool_status!(header01b.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	let import_events =
+		futures::executor::block_on_stream(import_stream).take(2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	let expected_import_events = vec![api.hash_and_length(&xt0).0, api.hash_and_length(&xt1).0];
+	assert!(import_events.iter().all(|v| expected_import_events.contains(v)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn import_sink_works2() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+	let header01a = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let import_stream = pool.import_notification_stream();
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(genesis, SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(genesis, SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+	];
+
+	block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01a.hash(), &pool, 1, 1);
+	assert_pool_status!(header01b.hash(), &pool, 1, 1);
+
+	let import_events =
+		futures::executor::block_on_stream(import_stream).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	let expected_import_events = vec![api.hash_and_length(&xt0).0];
+	assert_eq!(import_events, expected_import_events);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn import_sink_works3() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let import_stream = pool.import_notification_stream();
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(genesis, SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(genesis, SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let x = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+
+	let header01a = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let header01b = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01a.hash(), &pool, 1, 1);
+	assert_pool_status!(header01b.hash(), &pool, 1, 1);
+
+	log::debug!("xxx {x:#?}");
+
+	let import_events =
+		futures::executor::block_on_stream(import_stream).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	let expected_import_events = vec![api.hash_and_length(&xt0).0];
+	assert_eq!(import_events, expected_import_events);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_avoid_stuck_transaction() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Alice, 203);
+	let xt4 = uxt(Alice, 204);
+	let xt4i = uxt(Alice, 204);
+	let xt4i_watcher =
+		block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt4i.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 1));
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![xt0], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header01.hash(), Alice.into(), 201);
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt1], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02.hash(), Alice.into(), 202);
+	let header03 = api.push_block(3, vec![xt2], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header03.hash(), Alice.into(), 203);
+
+	let header04 = api.push_block(4, vec![], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header04.hash(), Alice.into(), 203);
+
+	let header05 = api.push_block(5, vec![], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header05.hash(), Alice.into(), 203);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header05.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header03.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header05.hash(), &pool, 0, 1);
+
+	let header06 = api.push_block(6, vec![xt3, xt4], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header06.hash(), Alice.into(), 205);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header06.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header06.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	// Import enough blocks to make xt4i revalidated
+	let mut prev_header = header03;
+	// wait 10 blocks for revalidation
+	for n in 7..=11 {
+		let header = api.push_block(n, vec![], true);
+		let event = finalized_block_event(&pool, prev_header.hash(), header.hash());
+		block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+		prev_header = header;
+	}
+
+	let xt4i_events = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt4i_watcher).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	log::debug!("xt4i_events: {:#?}", xt4i_events);
+	assert_eq!(xt4i_events, vec![TransactionStatus::Future, TransactionStatus::Invalid]);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 0));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_future_is_pruned_by_conflicting_tags() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+	let xt2i = uxt(Alice, 202);
+	log::debug!("xt0: {:#?}", api.hash_and_length(&xt0).0);
+	log::debug!("xt1: {:#?}", api.hash_and_length(&xt1).0);
+	log::debug!("xt2: {:#?}", api.hash_and_length(&xt2).0);
+	log::debug!("xt2i: {:#?}", api.hash_and_length(&xt2i).0);
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2i.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 1));
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 0, 1);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt0, xt1, xt2], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02.hash(), Alice.into(), 203);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_dangling_ready_gets_revalidated() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+	log::debug!("xt2: {:#?}", api.hash_and_length(&xt2).0);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let header02a = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02a.hash(), Alice.into(), 202);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	// send xt2 - it will become ready on block 02a.
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	assert_pool_status!(header02a.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len(), (0, 1));
+
+	//xt2 is still ready: view was just cloned (revalidation executed in background)
+	let header02b = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02a.hash()), header02b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02b.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	//xt2 is now future - view revalidation worked.
+	let header03b = api.push_block_with_parent(header02b.hash(), vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02b.hash()), header03b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header03b.hash(), &pool, 0, 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_txs_are_provided_in_valid_order() {
+	// this test checks if recently_pruned tags are cleared for views cloned from retracted path
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+	log::debug!("xt0: {:#?}", api.hash_and_length(&xt0).0);
+	log::debug!("xt1: {:#?}", api.hash_and_length(&xt1).0);
+	log::debug!("xt2: {:#?}", api.hash_and_length(&xt2).0);
+
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone())).unwrap();
+	let _ = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![xt0], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header01.hash(), Alice.into(), 201);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+
+	let header02a =
+		api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt1.clone(), xt2.clone()], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02a.hash(), Alice.into(), 203);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02a.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let header02b = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02b.hash(), Alice.into(), 201);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02a.hash()), header02b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02b.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header02b.hash(), pool, [xt1, xt2]);
+}
+
+//todo: add test: check len of filter after finalization (!)
+//todo: broadcasted test?
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_light_empty_on_unmaintained_fork() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+
+	let header01a = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(genesis), header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header01a.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let header01b = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+
+	let mut ready_iterator = pool.ready_at_light(header01b.hash()).now_or_never().unwrap();
+	assert!(ready_iterator.next().is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_light_misc_scenarios_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 200);
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Charlie, 200);
+
+	//fork A
+	let header01a = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(genesis), header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header01a.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	//fork B
+	let header01b = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01a.hash()), header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header01b.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+
+	//new block at fork B
+	let header02b = api.push_block_with_parent(header01b.hash(), vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+
+	// test 1:
+	//ready light returns just txs from view @header01b (which contains retracted xt0)
+	let mut ready_iterator = pool.ready_at_light(header02b.hash()).now_or_never().unwrap();
+	let ready01 = ready_iterator.next();
+	assert_eq!(ready01.unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt0).0);
+	assert!(ready_iterator.next().is_none());
+
+	// test 2:
+	// submit new transaction to all views
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	//new block at fork A, not yet notified to pool
+	let header02a = api.push_block_with_parent(header01a.hash(), vec![], true);
+
+	//ready light returns just txs from view @header01a (which contains newly submitted xt2)
+	let mut ready_iterator = pool.ready_at_light(header02a.hash()).now_or_never().unwrap();
+	let ready01 = ready_iterator.next();
+	assert_eq!(ready01.unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt2).0);
+	assert!(ready_iterator.next().is_none());
+
+	//test 3:
+	let mut ready_iterator = pool.ready_at_light(header02b.hash()).now_or_never().unwrap();
+	let ready01 = ready_iterator.next();
+	assert_eq!(ready01.unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt0).0);
+	let ready02 = ready_iterator.next();
+	assert_eq!(ready02.unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt2).0);
+	assert!(ready_iterator.next().is_none());
+
+	//test 4:
+	//new block at fork B, not yet notified to pool
+	let header03b =
+		api.push_block_with_parent(header02b.hash(), vec![xt0.clone(), xt2.clone()], true);
+	//ready light @header03b will be empty: as new block contains xt0/xt2
+	let mut ready_iterator = pool.ready_at_light(header03b.hash()).now_or_never().unwrap();
+	assert!(ready_iterator.next().is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_light_long_fork_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Dave.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Eve.into(), 200);
+
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Charlie, 200);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Dave, 200);
+	let xt4 = uxt(Eve, 200);
+
+	let submissions = vec![pool.submit_at(
+		genesis,
+		SOURCE,
+		vec![xt0.clone(), xt1.clone(), xt2.clone(), xt3.clone(), xt4.clone()],
+	)];
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	assert!(results.iter().all(Result::is_ok));
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(genesis), header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	let header03 = api.push_block_with_parent(header02.hash(), vec![xt2.clone()], true);
+	let header04 = api.push_block_with_parent(header03.hash(), vec![xt3.clone()], true);
+
+	let mut ready_iterator = pool.ready_at_light(header04.hash()).now_or_never().unwrap();
+	let ready01 = ready_iterator.next();
+	assert_eq!(ready01.unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt4).0);
+	assert!(ready_iterator.next().is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_light_long_fork_retracted_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Dave.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Eve.into(), 200);
+
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Charlie, 200);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Dave, 200);
+	let xt4 = uxt(Eve, 200);
+
+	let submissions = vec![pool.submit_at(
+		genesis,
+		SOURCE,
+		vec![xt0.clone(), xt1.clone(), xt2.clone(), xt3.clone()],
+	)];
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	assert!(results.iter().all(|r| { r.is_ok() }));
+
+	let header01a = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt4.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(genesis), header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let header01b = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let header02b = api.push_block_with_parent(header01b.hash(), vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+	let header03b = api.push_block_with_parent(header02b.hash(), vec![xt2.clone()], true);
+
+	let mut ready_iterator = pool.ready_at_light(header03b.hash()).now_or_never().unwrap();
+	assert!(ready_iterator.next().is_none());
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01a.hash()), header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let mut ready_iterator = pool.ready_at_light(header03b.hash()).now_or_never().unwrap();
+	let ready01 = ready_iterator.next();
+	assert_eq!(ready01.unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt3).0);
+	let ready02 = ready_iterator.next();
+	assert_eq!(ready02.unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt4).0);
+	assert!(ready_iterator.next().is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_ready_at_with_timeout_works_for_misc_scenarios() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let (pool, api, _) = pool();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 200);
+	let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 200);
+
+	let header01a = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(genesis), header01a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_pool_status!(header01a.hash(), &pool, 0, 0);
+
+	let header01b = api.push_block_with_parent(genesis, vec![xt1.clone()], true);
+
+	let mut ready_at_future =
+		pool.ready_at_with_timeout(header01b.hash(), Duration::from_secs(36000));
+
+	let noop_waker = futures::task::noop_waker();
+	let mut context = futures::task::Context::from_waker(&noop_waker);
+
+	if ready_at_future.poll_unpin(&mut context).is_ready() {
+		panic!("Ready set should not be ready before maintenance on block update!");
+	}
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01a.hash()), header01b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	// ready should now be triggered:
+	let mut ready_at = ready_at_future.now_or_never().unwrap();
+	assert_eq!(ready_at.next().unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt0).0);
+	assert!(ready_at.next().is_none());
+
+	let header02a = api.push_block_with_parent(header01a.hash(), vec![], true);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Charlie, 200);
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone())).unwrap();
+
+	// ready light should now be triggered:
+	let mut ready_at2 = block_on(pool.ready_at_with_timeout(header02a.hash(), Duration::ZERO));
+	assert_eq!(ready_at2.next().unwrap().hash, api.hash_and_length(&xt2).0);
+	assert!(ready_at2.next().is_none());
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp_common/mod.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp_common/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63af729b8b730cd1af007de3658e1152ff4b91b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp_common/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Tests for fork-aware transaction pool.
+
+use sc_transaction_pool::{ChainApi, PoolLimit};
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::ChainEvent;
+use sp_runtime::transaction_validity::TransactionSource;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use substrate_test_runtime_client::{
+	runtime::{Block, Hash, Header},
+	AccountKeyring::*,
+};
+use substrate_test_runtime_transaction_pool::{uxt, TestApi};
+pub const LOG_TARGET: &str = "txpool";
+
+use sc_transaction_pool::ForkAwareTxPool;
+
+pub fn invalid_hash() -> Hash {
+	Default::default()
+}
+
+pub fn new_best_block_event(
+	pool: &ForkAwareTxPool<TestApi, Block>,
+	from: Option<Hash>,
+	to: Hash,
+) -> ChainEvent<Block> {
+	ChainEvent::NewBestBlock {
+		hash: to,
+		tree_route: from.map(|from| {
+			// note: real tree route in NewBestBlock event does not contain 'to' block.
+			Arc::from(
+				pool.api()
+					.tree_route(from, pool.api().block_header(to).unwrap().unwrap().parent_hash)
+					.expect("Tree route exists"),
+			)
+		}),
+	}
+}
+
+pub fn finalized_block_event(
+	pool: &ForkAwareTxPool<TestApi, Block>,
+	from: Hash,
+	to: Hash,
+) -> ChainEvent<Block> {
+	let t = pool.api().tree_route(from, to).expect("Tree route exists");
+
+	let e = t.enacted().iter().map(|h| h.hash).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	ChainEvent::Finalized { hash: to, tree_route: Arc::from(&e[0..e.len() - 1]) }
+}
+
+pub struct TestPoolBuilder {
+	api: Option<Arc<TestApi>>,
+	use_default_limits: bool,
+	ready_limits: sc_transaction_pool::PoolLimit,
+	future_limits: sc_transaction_pool::PoolLimit,
+	mempool_max_transactions_count: usize,
+}
+
+impl Default for TestPoolBuilder {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self {
+			api: None,
+			use_default_limits: true,
+			ready_limits: PoolLimit { count: 8192, total_bytes: 20 * 1024 * 1024 },
+			future_limits: PoolLimit { count: 512, total_bytes: 1 * 1024 * 1024 },
+			mempool_max_transactions_count: usize::MAX,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl TestPoolBuilder {
+	pub fn new() -> Self {
+		Self::default()
+	}
+
+	pub fn with_api(mut self, api: Arc<TestApi>) -> Self {
+		self.api = Some(api);
+		self
+	}
+
+	pub fn with_mempool_count_limit(mut self, mempool_count_limit: usize) -> Self {
+		self.mempool_max_transactions_count = mempool_count_limit;
+		self.use_default_limits = false;
+		self
+	}
+
+	pub fn with_ready_count(mut self, ready_count: usize) -> Self {
+		self.ready_limits.count = ready_count;
+		self.use_default_limits = false;
+		self
+	}
+
+	pub fn with_ready_bytes_size(mut self, ready_bytes_size: usize) -> Self {
+		self.ready_limits.total_bytes = ready_bytes_size;
+		self.use_default_limits = false;
+		self
+	}
+
+	pub fn with_future_count(mut self, future_count: usize) -> Self {
+		self.future_limits.count = future_count;
+		self.use_default_limits = false;
+		self
+	}
+
+	pub fn with_future_bytes_size(mut self, future_bytes_size: usize) -> Self {
+		self.future_limits.total_bytes = future_bytes_size;
+		self.use_default_limits = false;
+		self
+	}
+
+	pub fn build(
+		self,
+	) -> (ForkAwareTxPool<TestApi, Block>, Arc<TestApi>, futures::executor::ThreadPool) {
+		let api = self
+			.api
+			.unwrap_or(Arc::from(TestApi::with_alice_nonce(200).enable_stale_check()));
+
+		let genesis_hash = api
+			.chain()
+			.read()
+			.block_by_number
+			.get(&0)
+			.map(|blocks| blocks[0].0.header.hash())
+			.expect("there is block 0. qed");
+
+		let (pool, txpool_task) = if self.use_default_limits {
+			ForkAwareTxPool::new_test(api.clone(), genesis_hash, genesis_hash)
+		} else {
+			ForkAwareTxPool::new_test_with_limits(
+				api.clone(),
+				genesis_hash,
+				genesis_hash,
+				self.ready_limits,
+				self.future_limits,
+				self.mempool_max_transactions_count,
+			)
+		};
+
+		let thread_pool = futures::executor::ThreadPool::new().unwrap();
+		thread_pool.spawn_ok(txpool_task);
+
+		(pool, api, thread_pool)
+	}
+}
+
+pub fn pool_with_api(
+	test_api: Arc<TestApi>,
+) -> (ForkAwareTxPool<TestApi, Block>, futures::executor::ThreadPool) {
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	let (pool, _, threadpool) = builder.with_api(test_api).build();
+	(pool, threadpool)
+}
+
+pub fn pool() -> (ForkAwareTxPool<TestApi, Block>, Arc<TestApi>, futures::executor::ThreadPool) {
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	builder.build()
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! assert_pool_status {
+	($hash:expr, $pool:expr, $ready:expr, $future:expr) => {
+		{
+			log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "stats: {:#?}", $pool.status_all());
+			let status = &$pool.status_all()[&$hash];
+			assert_eq!(status.ready, $ready, "ready");
+			assert_eq!(status.future, $future, "future");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! assert_ready_iterator {
+	($hash:expr, $pool:expr, [$( $xt:expr ),+]) => {{
+		let ready_iterator = $pool.ready_at($hash).now_or_never().unwrap();
+		let expected = vec![ $($pool.api().hash_and_length(&$xt).0),+];
+		let output: Vec<_> = ready_iterator.collect();
+		log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "expected: {:#?}", expected);
+		log::debug!(target:LOG_TARGET, "output: {:#?}", output);
+		assert_eq!(expected.len(), output.len());
+		assert!(
+			output.iter().zip(expected.iter()).all(|(o,e)| {
+				o.hash == *e
+			})
+		);
+	}};
+}
+
+pub const SOURCE: TransactionSource = TransactionSource::External;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub mod test_chain_with_forks {
+	use super::*;
+
+	pub fn chain(
+		include_xts: Option<&dyn Fn(usize, usize) -> bool>,
+	) -> (Arc<TestApi>, Vec<Vec<Header>>) {
+		// Fork layout:
+		//
+		//       (fork 0)
+		//     F01 - F02 - F03 - F04 - F05 | Alice nonce increasing, alice's txs
+		//    /
+		// F00
+		//    \  (fork 1)
+		//     F11 - F12 - F13 - F14 - F15 | Bob nonce increasing, Bob's txs
+		//
+		//
+		// e.g. F03 contains uxt(Alice, 202), nonces: Alice = 203, Bob = 200
+		//      F12 contains uxt(Bob,   201), nonces: Alice = 200, Bob = 202
+
+		let api = Arc::from(TestApi::empty().enable_stale_check());
+
+		let genesis = api.genesis_hash();
+
+		let mut forks = vec![Vec::with_capacity(6), Vec::with_capacity(6)];
+		let accounts = vec![Alice, Bob];
+		accounts.iter().for_each(|a| api.set_nonce(genesis, (*a).into(), 200));
+
+		for fork in 0..2 {
+			let account = accounts[fork];
+			forks[fork].push(api.block_header(genesis).unwrap().unwrap());
+			let mut parent = genesis;
+			for block in 1..6 {
+				let xts = if include_xts.map_or(true, |v| v(fork, block)) {
+					log::debug!("{},{} -> add", fork, block);
+					vec![uxt(account, (200 + block - 1) as u64)]
+				} else {
+					log::debug!("{},{} -> skip", fork, block);
+					vec![]
+				};
+				let header = api.push_block_with_parent(parent, xts, true);
+				parent = header.hash();
+				api.set_nonce(header.hash(), account.into(), (200 + block) as u64);
+				forks[fork].push(header);
+			}
+		}
+
+		(api, forks)
+	}
+
+	pub fn print_block(api: Arc<TestApi>, hash: Hash) {
+		let accounts = vec![Alice.into(), Bob.into()];
+		let header = api.block_header(hash).unwrap().unwrap();
+
+		let nonces = accounts
+			.iter()
+			.map(|a| api.chain().read().nonces.get(&hash).unwrap().get(a).map(Clone::clone))
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		log::debug!(
+			"number: {:?} hash: {:?}, parent: {:?}, nonces:{:?}",
+			header.number,
+			header.hash(),
+			header.parent_hash,
+			nonces
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_chain_works() {
+		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+		let (api, f) = chain(None);
+		log::debug!("forks: {f:#?}");
+		f[0].iter().for_each(|h| print_block(api.clone(), h.hash()));
+		f[1].iter().for_each(|h| print_block(api.clone(), h.hash()));
+		let tr = api.tree_route(f[0][5].hash(), f[1][5].hash()).unwrap();
+		log::debug!("{:#?}", tr);
+		log::debug!("e:{:#?}", tr.enacted());
+		log::debug!("r:{:#?}", tr.retracted());
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp_limits.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp_limits.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6fd5f93ed070d91a639e300b2bead0c4d7dac56e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/fatp_limits.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Tests of limits for fork-aware transaction pool.
+
+pub mod fatp_common;
+use fatp_common::{
+	finalized_block_event, invalid_hash, new_best_block_event, TestPoolBuilder, LOG_TARGET, SOURCE,
+};
+use futures::{executor::block_on, FutureExt};
+use sc_transaction_pool::ChainApi;
+use sc_transaction_pool_api::{
+	error::Error as TxPoolError, MaintainedTransactionPool, TransactionPool, TransactionStatus,
+};
+use substrate_test_runtime_client::AccountKeyring::*;
+use substrate_test_runtime_transaction_pool::uxt;
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_limits_no_views_mempool_count() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	let (pool, api, _) = builder.with_mempool_count_limit(2).build();
+
+	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(header.hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(header.hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(header.hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let mut results = results.iter();
+
+	assert!(results.next().unwrap().is_ok());
+	assert!(results.next().unwrap().is_ok());
+	assert!(matches!(
+		results.next().unwrap().as_ref().unwrap_err().0,
+		TxPoolError::ImmediatelyDropped
+	));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_limits_ready_count_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	let (pool, api, _) = builder.with_mempool_count_limit(3).with_ready_count(2).build();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 500);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	//note: we need Charlie to be first as the oldest is removed.
+	//For 3x alice, all tree would be removed.
+	//(alice,bob,charlie would work too)
+	let xt0 = uxt(Charlie, 500);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(header01.hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(header01.hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(header01.hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	assert!(results.iter().all(Result::is_ok));
+	//charlie was not included into view:
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header01.hash(), pool, [xt1, xt2]);
+
+	//branch with alice transactions:
+	let header02b = api.push_block(2, vec![xt1.clone(), xt2.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02b.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len().0, 3);
+	//charlie was resubmitted from mmepool into the view:
+	assert_pool_status!(header02b.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header02b.hash(), pool, [xt0]);
+
+	//branch with alice/charlie transactions shall also work:
+	let header02a = api.push_block(2, vec![xt0.clone(), xt1.clone()], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header02b.hash()), header02a.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len().0, 3);
+	assert_pool_status!(header02a.hash(), &pool, 1, 0);
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header02a.hash(), pool, [xt2]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_limits_future_count_works() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	let (pool, api, _) = builder.with_mempool_count_limit(3).with_future_count(2).build();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 200);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 500);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+
+	let xt1 = uxt(Charlie, 501);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 201);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Alice, 202);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_one(header01.hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(header01.hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+		pool.submit_one(header01.hash(), SOURCE, xt3.clone()),
+	];
+
+	let results = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	assert!(results.iter().all(Result::is_ok));
+	//charlie was not included into view due to limits:
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 0, 2);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block(2, vec![xt0], true);
+	api.set_nonce(header02.hash(), Alice.into(), 201); //redundant
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, Some(header01.hash()), header02.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	//charlie was resubmitted from mmepool into the view:
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 2, 1);
+	assert_eq!(pool.mempool_len().0, 3);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_limits_watcher_mempool_prevents_dropping() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	let (pool, api, _) = builder.with_mempool_count_limit(3).with_ready_count(2).build();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 300);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 400);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Charlie, 400);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Bob, 300);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+	let mut submissions = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let xt2_watcher = submissions.remove(2).unwrap();
+	let xt1_watcher = submissions.remove(1).unwrap();
+	let xt0_watcher = submissions.remove(0).unwrap();
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header01.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	log::debug!("xt0_status: {:#?}", xt0_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(xt0_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+	assert_eq!(xt1_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+
+	let xt2_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	log::debug!("xt2_status: {:#?}", xt2_status);
+
+	assert_eq!(xt2_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_limits_watcher_non_intial_view_drops_transaction() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	let (pool, api, _) = builder.with_ready_count(2).build();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 300);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 400);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Dave.into(), 500);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Dave, 500);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Charlie, 400);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Bob, 300);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+	let mut submissions = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let xt2_watcher = submissions.remove(2).unwrap();
+	let xt1_watcher = submissions.remove(1).unwrap();
+	let xt0_watcher = submissions.remove(0).unwrap();
+
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header01.hash(), pool, [xt1, xt2]);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header02.hash())));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header02.hash(), pool, [xt2, xt0]);
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt0_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).take(2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt1_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::Dropped]);
+
+	let xt2_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt2_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_limits_watcher_finalized_transaction_frees_ready_space() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	let (pool, api, _) = builder.with_ready_count(2).build();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 300);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 400);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Dave.into(), 500);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Dave, 500);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Charlie, 400);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Bob, 300);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+	let mut submissions = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let xt2_watcher = submissions.remove(2).unwrap();
+	let xt1_watcher = submissions.remove(1).unwrap();
+	let xt0_watcher = submissions.remove(0).unwrap();
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header01.hash(), pool, [xt1, xt2]);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header02.hash())));
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), &pool, 2, 0);
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header02.hash(), pool, [xt1, xt2]);
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).take(3).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0))
+		]
+	);
+
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt1_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+
+	let xt2_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt2_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fatp_limits_watcher_view_can_drop_transcation() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
+
+	let builder = TestPoolBuilder::new();
+	let (pool, api, _) = builder.with_mempool_count_limit(3).with_ready_count(2).build();
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Bob.into(), 300);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Charlie.into(), 400);
+	api.set_nonce(api.genesis_hash(), Dave.into(), 500);
+
+	let header01 = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let event = new_best_block_event(&pool, None, header01.hash());
+	block_on(pool.maintain(event));
+
+	let xt0 = uxt(Dave, 500);
+	let xt1 = uxt(Charlie, 400);
+	let xt2 = uxt(Bob, 300);
+	let xt3 = uxt(Alice, 200);
+
+	let submissions = vec![
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt0.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt1.clone()),
+		pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt2.clone()),
+	];
+	let mut submissions = block_on(futures::future::join_all(submissions));
+	let xt2_watcher = submissions.remove(2).unwrap();
+	let xt1_watcher = submissions.remove(1).unwrap();
+	let xt0_watcher = submissions.remove(0).unwrap();
+
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header01.hash(), pool, [xt1, xt2]);
+
+	let header02 = api.push_block_with_parent(header01.hash(), vec![xt0.clone()], true);
+	block_on(pool.maintain(finalized_block_event(&pool, api.genesis_hash(), header02.hash())));
+
+	let submission = block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(invalid_hash(), SOURCE, xt3.clone()));
+	let xt3_watcher = submission.unwrap();
+
+	assert_pool_status!(header02.hash(), pool, 2, 0);
+	assert_ready_iterator!(header02.hash(), pool, [xt2, xt3]);
+
+	let xt0_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt0_watcher).take(3).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(
+		xt0_status,
+		vec![
+			TransactionStatus::Ready,
+			TransactionStatus::InBlock((header02.hash(), 0)),
+			TransactionStatus::Finalized((header02.hash(), 0))
+		]
+	);
+
+	let xt1_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt1_watcher).take(2).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt1_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready, TransactionStatus::Dropped]);
+
+	let xt2_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt2_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt2_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+
+	let xt3_status = futures::executor::block_on_stream(xt3_watcher).take(1).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	assert_eq!(xt3_status, vec![TransactionStatus::Ready]);
+}
diff --git a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/pool.rs b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/pool.rs
index 6d70b6ce67eca71a6b010e6a8ab46d7473343630..ed0fd7d4e65530aca1b3e419362457bd5bc451cc 100644
--- a/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/pool.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/transaction-pool/tests/pool.rs
@@ -85,12 +85,13 @@ const SOURCE: TransactionSource = TransactionSource::External;
 #[test]
 fn submission_should_work() {
 	let (pool, api) = pool();
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 209))).unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 209).into()))
+		.unwrap();
 
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, vec![209]);
 }
@@ -98,13 +99,15 @@ fn submission_should_work() {
 #[test]
 fn multiple_submission_should_work() {
 	let (pool, api) = pool();
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 209))).unwrap();
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 210))).unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 209).into()))
+		.unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 210).into()))
+		.unwrap();
 
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, vec![209, 210]);
 }
@@ -113,12 +116,14 @@ fn multiple_submission_should_work() {
 fn early_nonce_should_be_culled() {
 	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
 	let (pool, api) = pool();
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 208))).unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 208).into()))
+		.unwrap();
 
+	log::debug!("-> {:?}", pool.validated_pool().status());
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, Vec::<Nonce>::new());
 }
@@ -127,19 +132,21 @@ fn early_nonce_should_be_culled() {
 fn late_nonce_should_be_queued() {
 	let (pool, api) = pool();
 
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 210))).unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 210).into()))
+		.unwrap();
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, Vec::<Nonce>::new());
 
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 209))).unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 209).into()))
+		.unwrap();
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, vec![209, 210]);
 }
@@ -148,24 +155,25 @@ fn late_nonce_should_be_queued() {
 fn prune_tags_should_work() {
 	let (pool, api) = pool();
 	let hash209 =
-		block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 209))).unwrap();
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 210))).unwrap();
+		block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 209).into()))
+			.unwrap();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt(Alice, 210).into()))
+		.unwrap();
 
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, vec![209, 210]);
 
 	pool.validated_pool().api().push_block(1, Vec::new(), true);
-	block_on(pool.prune_tags(api.expect_hash_from_number(1), vec![vec![209]], vec![hash209]))
-		.expect("Prune tags");
+	block_on(pool.prune_tags(&api.expect_hash_and_number(1), vec![vec![209]], vec![hash209]));
 
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, vec![210]);
 }
@@ -173,22 +181,22 @@ fn prune_tags_should_work() {
 #[test]
 fn should_ban_invalid_transactions() {
 	let (pool, api) = pool();
-	let uxt = uxt(Alice, 209);
+	let uxt = Arc::from(uxt(Alice, 209));
 	let hash =
-		block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.clone())).unwrap();
+		block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.clone())).unwrap();
 	pool.validated_pool().remove_invalid(&[hash]);
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.clone())).unwrap_err();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.clone())).unwrap_err();
 
 	// when
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, Vec::<Nonce>::new());
 
 	// then
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.clone())).unwrap_err();
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, uxt.clone())).unwrap_err();
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -209,47 +217,56 @@ fn only_prune_on_new_best() {
 
 #[test]
 fn should_correctly_prune_transactions_providing_more_than_one_tag() {
+	sp_tracing::try_init_simple();
 	let api = Arc::new(TestApi::with_alice_nonce(209));
 	api.set_valid_modifier(Box::new(|v: &mut ValidTransaction| {
 		v.provides.push(vec![155]);
 	}));
 	let pool = Pool::new(Default::default(), true.into(), api.clone());
-	let xt = uxt(Alice, 209);
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, xt.clone()))
+	let xt0 = Arc::from(uxt(Alice, 209));
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(0), SOURCE, xt0.clone()))
 		.expect("1. Imported");
 	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
+	assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 1);
 
 	// remove the transaction that just got imported.
 	api.increment_nonce(Alice.into());
 	api.push_block(1, Vec::new(), true);
-	block_on(pool.prune_tags(api.expect_hash_from_number(1), vec![vec![209]], vec![]))
-		.expect("1. Pruned");
+	block_on(pool.prune_tags(&api.expect_hash_and_number(1), vec![vec![209]], vec![]));
+	assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 2);
 	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 0);
-	// it's re-imported to future
+	// it's re-imported to future, API does not support stale - xt0 becomes future
 	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 1);
 
 	// so now let's insert another transaction that also provides the 155
 	api.increment_nonce(Alice.into());
 	api.push_block(2, Vec::new(), true);
-	let xt = uxt(Alice, 211);
-	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(2), SOURCE, xt.clone()))
+	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 211);
+	block_on(pool.submit_one(&api.expect_hash_and_number(2), SOURCE, xt1.clone().into()))
 		.expect("2. Imported");
+	assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 3);
 	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 1);
 	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 1);
 	let pending: Vec<_> = pool
 		.validated_pool()
 		.ready()
-		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&a.data).unwrap().nonce)
+		.map(|a| TransferData::try_from(&*a.data).unwrap().nonce)
 		.collect();
 	assert_eq!(pending, vec![211]);
 
 	// prune it and make sure the pool is empty
 	api.increment_nonce(Alice.into());
 	api.push_block(3, Vec::new(), true);
-	block_on(pool.prune_tags(api.expect_hash_from_number(3), vec![vec![155]], vec![]))
-		.expect("2. Pruned");
+	block_on(pool.prune_tags(&api.expect_hash_and_number(3), vec![vec![155]], vec![]));
+	assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 4);
+	//xt0 was future, it failed (bc of 155 tag conflict) and was removed
 	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().ready, 0);
-	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 2);
+	//xt1 was ready, it was pruned (bc of 155 tag conflict) but was revalidated and resubmitted
+	// (API does not know about 155).
+	assert_eq!(pool.validated_pool().status().future, 1);
+
+	let pending: Vec<_> = pool.validated_pool().futures().iter().map(|(hash, _)| *hash).collect();
+	assert_eq!(pending[0], api.hash_and_length(&xt1).0);
 }
 
 fn block_event(header: Header) -> ChainEvent<Block> {
@@ -297,7 +314,7 @@ fn should_revalidate_during_maintenance() {
 		.expect("1. Imported");
 	let watcher =
 		block_on(pool.submit_and_watch(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, xt2.clone()))
-			.expect("2. Imported");
+			.expect("import"); //todo
 	assert_eq!(pool.status().ready, 2);
 	assert_eq!(api.validation_requests().len(), 2);
 
@@ -929,14 +946,16 @@ fn ready_set_should_not_resolve_before_block_update() {
 	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 209);
 	block_on(pool.submit_one(api.expect_hash_from_number(0), SOURCE, xt1.clone()))
 		.expect("1. Imported");
+	let hash_of_1 = api.push_block_with_parent(api.genesis_hash(), vec![], true).hash();
 
-	assert!(pool.ready_at(1).now_or_never().is_none());
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(hash_of_1).now_or_never().is_none());
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn ready_set_should_resolve_after_block_update() {
 	let (pool, api, _guard) = maintained_pool();
 	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let hash_of_1 = header.hash();
 
 	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 209);
 
@@ -944,13 +963,14 @@ fn ready_set_should_resolve_after_block_update() {
 		.expect("1. Imported");
 	block_on(pool.maintain(block_event(header)));
 
-	assert!(pool.ready_at(1).now_or_never().is_some());
+	assert!(pool.ready_at(hash_of_1).now_or_never().is_some());
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn ready_set_should_eventually_resolve_when_block_update_arrives() {
 	let (pool, api, _guard) = maintained_pool();
 	let header = api.push_block(1, vec![], true);
+	let hash_of_1 = header.hash();
 
 	let xt1 = uxt(Alice, 209);
 
@@ -960,7 +980,7 @@ fn ready_set_should_eventually_resolve_when_block_update_arrives() {
 	let noop_waker = futures::task::noop_waker();
 	let mut context = futures::task::Context::from_waker(&noop_waker);
 
-	let mut ready_set_future = pool.ready_at(1);
+	let mut ready_set_future = pool.ready_at(hash_of_1);
 	if ready_set_future.poll_unpin(&mut context).is_ready() {
 		panic!("Ready set should not be ready before block update!");
 	}
@@ -1052,9 +1072,9 @@ fn stale_transactions_are_pruned() {
 
 	// Our initial transactions
 	let xts = vec![
-		Transfer { from: Alice.into(), to: Bob.into(), nonce: 1, amount: 1 },
-		Transfer { from: Alice.into(), to: Bob.into(), nonce: 2, amount: 1 },
-		Transfer { from: Alice.into(), to: Bob.into(), nonce: 3, amount: 1 },
+		Transfer { from: Alice.into(), to: Bob.into(), nonce: 10, amount: 1 },
+		Transfer { from: Alice.into(), to: Bob.into(), nonce: 11, amount: 1 },
+		Transfer { from: Alice.into(), to: Bob.into(), nonce: 12, amount: 1 },
 	];
 
 	let (pool, api, _guard) = maintained_pool();
@@ -1086,6 +1106,7 @@ fn stale_transactions_are_pruned() {
 	block_on(pool.maintain(block_event(header)));
 	// The imported transactions have a different hash and should not evict our initial
 	// transactions.
+	log::debug!("-> {:?}", pool.status());
 	assert_eq!(pool.status().future, 3);
 
 	// Import enough blocks to make our transactions stale
diff --git a/substrate/client/utils/Cargo.toml b/substrate/client/utils/Cargo.toml
index 6c3a2228952efa292fa101ceff94b2b17cc6a3fe..485261058d5902f115bef06307de69124259b163 100644
--- a/substrate/client/utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/client/utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ workspace = true
 async-channel = { workspace = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
 futures-timer = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 prometheus = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/substrate/client/utils/src/metrics.rs b/substrate/client/utils/src/metrics.rs
index 308e90cb25379d62fe02f1878a664ff44377c9df..9b6e1e47039e76c55fa1f7bde80bc64da206c7dc 100644
--- a/substrate/client/utils/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/utils/src/metrics.rs
@@ -18,42 +18,49 @@
 
 //! Metering primitives and globals
 
-use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use prometheus::{
 	core::{AtomicU64, GenericCounter, GenericGauge},
 	Error as PrometheusError, Registry,
 };
+use std::sync::LazyLock;
 
 use prometheus::{
 	core::{GenericCounterVec, GenericGaugeVec},
 	Opts,
 };
 
-lazy_static! {
-	pub static ref TOKIO_THREADS_TOTAL: GenericCounter<AtomicU64> =
-		GenericCounter::new("substrate_tokio_threads_total", "Total number of threads created")
-			.expect("Creating of statics doesn't fail. qed");
-	pub static ref TOKIO_THREADS_ALIVE: GenericGauge<AtomicU64> =
-		GenericGauge::new("substrate_tokio_threads_alive", "Number of threads alive right now")
-			.expect("Creating of statics doesn't fail. qed");
-}
+pub static TOKIO_THREADS_TOTAL: LazyLock<GenericCounter<AtomicU64>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+	GenericCounter::new("substrate_tokio_threads_total", "Total number of threads created")
+		.expect("Creating of statics doesn't fail. qed")
+});
 
-lazy_static! {
-	pub static ref UNBOUNDED_CHANNELS_COUNTER: GenericCounterVec<AtomicU64> = GenericCounterVec::new(
-		Opts::new(
-			"substrate_unbounded_channel_len",
-			"Items sent/received/dropped on each mpsc::unbounded instance"
-		),
-		&["entity", "action"], // name of channel, send|received|dropped
-	).expect("Creating of statics doesn't fail. qed");
-	pub static ref UNBOUNDED_CHANNELS_SIZE: GenericGaugeVec<AtomicU64> = GenericGaugeVec::new(
+pub static TOKIO_THREADS_ALIVE: LazyLock<GenericGauge<AtomicU64>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+	GenericGauge::new("substrate_tokio_threads_alive", "Number of threads alive right now")
+		.expect("Creating of statics doesn't fail. qed")
+});
+
+pub static UNBOUNDED_CHANNELS_COUNTER: LazyLock<GenericCounterVec<AtomicU64>> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| {
+		GenericCounterVec::new(
+			Opts::new(
+				"substrate_unbounded_channel_len",
+				"Items sent/received/dropped on each mpsc::unbounded instance",
+			),
+			&["entity", "action"], // name of channel, send|received|dropped
+		)
+		.expect("Creating of statics doesn't fail. qed")
+	});
+
+pub static UNBOUNDED_CHANNELS_SIZE: LazyLock<GenericGaugeVec<AtomicU64>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+	GenericGaugeVec::new(
 		Opts::new(
 			"substrate_unbounded_channel_size",
 			"Size (number of messages to be processed) of each mpsc::unbounded instance",
 		),
 		&["entity"], // name of channel
-	).expect("Creating of statics doesn't fail. qed");
-}
+	)
+	.expect("Creating of statics doesn't fail. qed")
+});
 
 pub static SENT_LABEL: &'static str = "send";
 pub static RECEIVED_LABEL: &'static str = "received";
diff --git a/substrate/client/utils/src/mpsc.rs b/substrate/client/utils/src/mpsc.rs
index 91db7e1e7b011142f5b1089eb74a209a612cf4b9..051cb5b387ca8ac1fd12cffbcec9897d765526d1 100644
--- a/substrate/client/utils/src/mpsc.rs
+++ b/substrate/client/utils/src/mpsc.rs
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ impl<T> TracingUnboundedSender<T> {
 
 	/// Proxy function to `async_channel::Sender::try_send`.
 	pub fn unbounded_send(&self, msg: T) -> Result<(), TrySendError<T>> {
-		self.inner.try_send(msg).map(|s| {
+		self.inner.try_send(msg).inspect(|_| {
 			UNBOUNDED_CHANNELS_COUNTER.with_label_values(&[self.name, SENT_LABEL]).inc();
 			UNBOUNDED_CHANNELS_SIZE
 				.with_label_values(&[self.name])
@@ -124,8 +124,6 @@ impl<T> TracingUnboundedSender<T> {
 					Backtrace::force_capture(),
 				);
 			}
-
-			s
 		})
 	}
 
@@ -144,12 +142,11 @@ impl<T> TracingUnboundedReceiver<T> {
 	/// Proxy function to [`async_channel::Receiver`]
 	/// that discounts the messages taken out.
 	pub fn try_recv(&mut self) -> Result<T, TryRecvError> {
-		self.inner.try_recv().map(|s| {
+		self.inner.try_recv().inspect(|_| {
 			UNBOUNDED_CHANNELS_COUNTER.with_label_values(&[self.name, RECEIVED_LABEL]).inc();
 			UNBOUNDED_CHANNELS_SIZE
 				.with_label_values(&[self.name])
 				.set(self.inner.len().saturated_into());
-			s
 		})
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/assets-freezer/src/mock.rs b/substrate/frame/assets-freezer/src/mock.rs
index 5e04dfe8e2b9c4adf3553919dfe14b5fe55870ae..bc903a018f7b8f6962d721f4160ac6cdfa35bbf2 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/assets-freezer/src/mock.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/assets-freezer/src/mock.rs
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Test {
 	type MaxFreezes = ();
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = ();
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = ();
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl pallet_assets::Config for Test {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/authorship/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/authorship/src/lib.rs
index a0cca806e7863cef0259febfb3cba0cdeee4238f..1de2262a2014f3b280a9408f30953358bb0f992e 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/authorship/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/authorship/src/lib.rs
@@ -84,9 +84,8 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 
 		let digest = <frame_system::Pallet<T>>::digest();
 		let pre_runtime_digests = digest.logs.iter().filter_map(|d| d.as_pre_runtime());
-		T::FindAuthor::find_author(pre_runtime_digests).map(|a| {
+		T::FindAuthor::find_author(pre_runtime_digests).inspect(|a| {
 			<Author<T>>::put(&a);
-			a
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/babe/src/mock.rs b/substrate/frame/babe/src/mock.rs
index 4e4052b2b566e6978a4281d72e1a7199136c6c89..d416e31b25f71ae759cdfef987100ac994085ef0 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/babe/src/mock.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/babe/src/mock.rs
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ pub fn new_test_ext_with_pairs(
 	authorities_len: usize,
 ) -> (Vec<AuthorityPair>, sp_io::TestExternalities) {
 	let pairs = (0..authorities_len)
-		.map(|i| AuthorityPair::from_seed(&U256::from(i).into()))
+		.map(|i| AuthorityPair::from_seed(&U256::from(i).to_little_endian()))
 		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
 	let public = pairs.iter().map(|p| p.public()).collect();
diff --git a/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/lib.rs
index f6af1da5e7b78e9274add30b81e9cf25cf499df5..ee36a3a3ebd82a063d937832f78ad95388116f77 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/lib.rs
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> ScoreProvider<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T, I> {
 		Node::<T, I>::get(id).map(|node| node.score()).unwrap_or_default()
 	}
 
-	frame_election_provider_support::runtime_benchmarks_fuzz_or_std_enabled! {
+	frame_election_provider_support::runtime_benchmarks_or_std_enabled! {
 		fn set_score_of(id: &T::AccountId, new_score: T::Score) {
 			ListNodes::<T, I>::mutate(id, |maybe_node| {
 				if let Some(node) = maybe_node.as_mut() {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/list/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/list/tests.rs
index e5fff76d75c70bf0cec47f1083a34a3ed6f65fd6..fc4c4fbd088b24712036c139a7b8117edcdec19c 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/list/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/list/tests.rs
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ mod bags {
 			assert_eq!(bag_1000.iter().count(), 3);
 			bag_1000.insert_node_unchecked(node(4, None, None, bag_1000.bag_upper)); // panics in debug
 			assert_eq!(bag_1000.iter().count(), 3); // in release we expect it to silently ignore the
-			                            // request.
+			                               // request.
 		});
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/mock.rs b/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/mock.rs
index ea677cb9e73e37b36cee813b372efe809b47375d..3690a876f62d82ed6358307212eb28ca38c3b8d6 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/mock.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/bags-list/src/mock.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ impl frame_election_provider_support::ScoreProvider<AccountId> for StakingMock {
 		*NextVoteWeightMap::get().get(id).unwrap_or(&NextVoteWeight::get())
 	}
 
-	frame_election_provider_support::runtime_benchmarks_fuzz_or_std_enabled! {
+	frame_election_provider_support::runtime_benchmarks_or_std_enabled! {
 		fn set_score_of(id: &AccountId, weight: Self::Score) {
 			NEXT_VOTE_WEIGHT_MAP.with(|m| m.borrow_mut().insert(*id, weight));
 		}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/balances/src/impl_fungible.rs b/substrate/frame/balances/src/impl_fungible.rs
index 0f4e51f35012a23a0d229b4ad6ab3efe2e7e83d7..4470c3cc9eb1ab7092783f344a93cfb1411f3145 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/balances/src/impl_fungible.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/balances/src/impl_fungible.rs
@@ -354,7 +354,9 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> fungible::Balanced<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T, I>
 		Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::Withdraw { who: who.clone(), amount });
 	}
 	fn done_issue(amount: Self::Balance) {
-		Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::Issued { amount });
+		if !amount.is_zero() {
+			Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::Issued { amount });
+		}
 	}
 	fn done_rescind(amount: Self::Balance) {
 		Self::deposit_event(Event::<T, I>::Rescinded { amount });
@@ -363,6 +365,14 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> fungible::Balanced<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T, I>
 
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> fungible::BalancedHold<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T, I> {}
 
+impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>
+	fungible::hold::DoneSlash<T::RuntimeHoldReason, T::AccountId, T::Balance> for Pallet<T, I>
+{
+	fn done_slash(reason: &T::RuntimeHoldReason, who: &T::AccountId, amount: T::Balance) {
+		T::DoneSlashHandler::done_slash(reason, who, amount);
+	}
+}
+
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> AccountTouch<(), T::AccountId> for Pallet<T, I> {
 	type Balance = T::Balance;
 	fn deposit_required(_: ()) -> Self::Balance {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/balances/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/balances/src/lib.rs
index 87d2029d488e51dfeb133bf56f207d12de979f1d..65e594a904f91a93591a846e0f490038e915d2f2 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/balances/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/balances/src/lib.rs
@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			type MaxFreezes = VariantCountOf<Self::RuntimeFreezeReason>;
 
 			type WeightInfo = ();
+			type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -312,6 +313,14 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// The maximum number of individual freeze locks that can exist on an account at any time.
 		#[pallet::constant]
 		type MaxFreezes: Get<u32>;
+
+		/// Allows callbacks to other pallets so they can update their bookkeeping when a slash
+		/// occurs.
+		type DoneSlashHandler: fungible::hold::DoneSlash<
+			Self::RuntimeHoldReason,
+			Self::AccountId,
+			Self::Balance,
+		>;
 	}
 
 	/// The in-code storage version.
@@ -1031,7 +1040,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				}
 				if did_provide && !does_provide {
 					// This could reap the account so must go last.
-					frame_system::Pallet::<T>::dec_providers(who).map_err(|r| {
+					frame_system::Pallet::<T>::dec_providers(who).inspect_err(|_| {
 						// best-effort revert consumer change.
 						if did_consume && !does_consume {
 							let _ = frame_system::Pallet::<T>::inc_consumers(who).defensive();
@@ -1039,7 +1048,6 @@ pub mod pallet {
 						if !did_consume && does_consume {
 							let _ = frame_system::Pallet::<T>::dec_consumers(who);
 						}
-						r
 					})?;
 				}
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/balances/src/tests/currency_tests.rs b/substrate/frame/balances/src/tests/currency_tests.rs
index 2243859458be25a6428ab76c2e37c916cd123da1..a4984b34f6dbf96671cef77e63c74e2e69caefa2 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/balances/src/tests/currency_tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/balances/src/tests/currency_tests.rs
@@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@ fn slash_consumed_slash_full_works() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(100).build_and_execute_with(|| {
 		Balances::make_free_balance_be(&1, 1_000);
 		assert_ok!(System::inc_consumers(&1)); // <-- Reference counter added here is enough for all tests
-									   // Slashed completed in full
+										 // Slashed completed in full
 		assert_eq!(Balances::slash(&1, 900), (NegativeImbalance::new(900), 0));
 		// Account is still alive
 		assert!(System::account_exists(&1));
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ fn slash_consumed_slash_over_works() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(100).build_and_execute_with(|| {
 		Balances::make_free_balance_be(&1, 1_000);
 		assert_ok!(System::inc_consumers(&1)); // <-- Reference counter added here is enough for all tests
-									   // Slashed completed in full
+										 // Slashed completed in full
 		assert_eq!(Balances::slash(&1, 1_000), (NegativeImbalance::new(900), 100));
 		// Account is still alive
 		assert!(System::account_exists(&1));
@@ -1041,7 +1041,7 @@ fn slash_consumed_slash_partial_works() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(100).build_and_execute_with(|| {
 		Balances::make_free_balance_be(&1, 1_000);
 		assert_ok!(System::inc_consumers(&1)); // <-- Reference counter added here is enough for all tests
-									   // Slashed completed in full
+										 // Slashed completed in full
 		assert_eq!(Balances::slash(&1, 800), (NegativeImbalance::new(800), 0));
 		// Account is still alive
 		assert!(System::account_exists(&1));
diff --git a/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/benchmarking.rs b/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/benchmarking.rs
index 135f95eabb998ba2709c232940b608966760c6c4..fea6a2078f0f1b1fd50b4e29e9d14abcb2c5b5fa 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/benchmarking.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/benchmarking.rs
@@ -51,9 +51,7 @@ mod benchmarks {
 
 	#[benchmark]
 	fn extract_validation_context() {
-		if !cfg!(feature = "test") {
-			pallet_mmr::UseLocalStorage::<T>::set(true);
-		}
+		pallet_mmr::UseLocalStorage::<T>::set(true);
 
 		init_block::<T>(1);
 		let header = System::<T>::finalize();
@@ -71,9 +69,7 @@ mod benchmarks {
 
 	#[benchmark]
 	fn read_peak() {
-		if !cfg!(feature = "test") {
-			pallet_mmr::UseLocalStorage::<T>::set(true);
-		}
+		pallet_mmr::UseLocalStorage::<T>::set(true);
 
 		init_block::<T>(1);
 
@@ -91,9 +87,7 @@ mod benchmarks {
 	/// the verification. We need to account for the peaks separately.
 	#[benchmark]
 	fn n_items_proof_is_non_canonical(n: Linear<2, 512>) {
-		if !cfg!(feature = "test") {
-			pallet_mmr::UseLocalStorage::<T>::set(true);
-		}
+		pallet_mmr::UseLocalStorage::<T>::set(true);
 
 		for block_num in 1..=n {
 			init_block::<T>(block_num);
diff --git a/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/lib.rs
index 73119c3faa9b28abd1e1c6018939a9156e9f9276..ef99bc1e9cf11821718085804b50f25b80e5e8f0 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/lib.rs
@@ -258,17 +258,33 @@ where
 				},
 			};
 
-		let commitment_root =
-			match commitment.payload.get_decoded::<MerkleRootOf<T>>(&known_payloads::MMR_ROOT_ID) {
-				Some(commitment_root) => commitment_root,
+		let mut found_commitment_root = false;
+		let commitment_roots = commitment
+			.payload
+			.get_all_decoded::<MerkleRootOf<T>>(&known_payloads::MMR_ROOT_ID);
+		for maybe_commitment_root in commitment_roots {
+			match maybe_commitment_root {
+				Some(commitment_root) => {
+					found_commitment_root = true;
+					if canonical_prev_root != commitment_root {
+						// If the commitment contains an MMR root, that is not equal to
+						// `canonical_prev_root`, the commitment is invalid
+						return true;
+					}
+				},
 				None => {
-					// If the commitment doesn't contain any MMR root, while the proof is valid,
-					// the commitment is invalid
-					return true
+					// If the commitment contains an MMR root, that can't be decoded, it is invalid.
+					return true;
 				},
-			};
+			}
+		}
+		if !found_commitment_root {
+			// If the commitment doesn't contain any MMR root, while the proof is valid,
+			// the commitment is invalid
+			return true;
+		}
 
-		canonical_prev_root != commitment_root
+		false
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/tests.rs
index b126a01012b4e9e1c57dcc223b4981dd5fe6946a..297fb28647ac3221f0ad824eab1d9c289e430f37 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/beefy-mmr/src/tests.rs
@@ -278,8 +278,28 @@ fn is_non_canonical_should_work_correctly() {
 				&Commitment {
 					payload: Payload::from_single_entry(
 						known_payloads::MMR_ROOT_ID,
-						H256::repeat_byte(0).encode(),
-					),
+						prev_roots[250 - 1].encode()
+					)
+					.push_raw(known_payloads::MMR_ROOT_ID, H256::repeat_byte(0).encode(),),
+					block_number: 250,
+					validator_set_id: 0,
+				},
+				valid_proof.clone(),
+				Mmr::mmr_root(),
+			),
+			true
+		);
+
+		// If the `commitment.payload` contains an MMR root that can't be decoded,
+		// it's non-canonical.
+		assert_eq!(
+			BeefyMmr::is_non_canonical(
+				&Commitment {
+					payload: Payload::from_single_entry(
+						known_payloads::MMR_ROOT_ID,
+						prev_roots[250 - 1].encode()
+					)
+					.push_raw(known_payloads::MMR_ROOT_ID, vec![],),
 					block_number: 250,
 					validator_set_id: 0,
 				},
diff --git a/substrate/frame/benchmarking/pov/src/weights.rs b/substrate/frame/benchmarking/pov/src/weights.rs
index c4fc03d1dd937bba6ea0f83eec89c88704a6f31e..1f20d5f0b515fe403db7607041af80b5a84f9242 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/benchmarking/pov/src/weights.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/benchmarking/pov/src/weights.rs
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ use frame_support::{traits::Get, weights::{Weight, constants::RocksDbWeight}};
 use core::marker::PhantomData;
 
 /// Weight functions needed for `frame_benchmarking_pallet_pov`.
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub trait WeightInfo {
 	fn storage_single_value_read() -> Weight;
 	fn storage_single_value_ignored_read() -> Weight;
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ pub trait WeightInfo {
 }
 
 /// Weights for `frame_benchmarking_pallet_pov` using the Substrate node and recommended hardware.
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub struct SubstrateWeight<T>(PhantomData<T>);
 impl<T: frame_system::Config> WeightInfo for SubstrateWeight<T> {
 	/// Storage: `Pov::Value` (r:1 w:0)
diff --git a/substrate/frame/bounties/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/bounties/src/lib.rs
index 7b89a6e3e76f5ead57e76c17a304080d2dc978d0..e30d6fa2d143da7514facecb364b03d07991c964 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/bounties/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/bounties/src/lib.rs
@@ -459,12 +459,12 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			Bounties::<T, I>::try_mutate_exists(bounty_id, |maybe_bounty| -> DispatchResult {
 				let bounty = maybe_bounty.as_mut().ok_or(Error::<T, I>::InvalidIndex)?;
 
-				let slash_curator = |curator: &T::AccountId,
-				                     curator_deposit: &mut BalanceOf<T, I>| {
-					let imbalance = T::Currency::slash_reserved(curator, *curator_deposit).0;
-					T::OnSlash::on_unbalanced(imbalance);
-					*curator_deposit = Zero::zero();
-				};
+				let slash_curator =
+					|curator: &T::AccountId, curator_deposit: &mut BalanceOf<T, I>| {
+						let imbalance = T::Currency::slash_reserved(curator, *curator_deposit).0;
+						T::OnSlash::on_unbalanced(imbalance);
+						*curator_deposit = Zero::zero();
+					};
 
 				match bounty.status {
 					BountyStatus::Proposed | BountyStatus::Approved | BountyStatus::Funded => {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/broker/src/test_fungibles.rs b/substrate/frame/broker/src/test_fungibles.rs
index b0a06fc1a326d837e49506726a211ca600230138..1015e1fac252e23d9ccdfc7a667f640adde0f868 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/broker/src/test_fungibles.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/broker/src/test_fungibles.rs
@@ -269,6 +269,20 @@ where
 {
 }
 
+impl<
+		Instance: Get<u32>,
+		AccountId: Encode,
+		AssetId: tokens::AssetId + Copy,
+		MinimumBalance: TypedGet,
+		HoldReason: Encode + Decode + TypeInfo + 'static,
+		Balance: tokens::Balance,
+	> fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<AssetId, HoldReason, AccountId, Balance>
+	for TestFungibles<Instance, AccountId, AssetId, MinimumBalance, HoldReason>
+where
+	MinimumBalance::Type: tokens::Balance,
+{
+}
+
 impl<
 		Instance: Get<u32>,
 		AccountId: Encode,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/child-bounties/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/child-bounties/src/lib.rs
index 911fd4c4c49f7118557dcc04dbe53600f4cbd1f7..660a30ca5d26424e56597575b286f443bfed658d 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/child-bounties/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/child-bounties/src/lib.rs
@@ -473,12 +473,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					let child_bounty =
 						maybe_child_bounty.as_mut().ok_or(BountiesError::<T>::InvalidIndex)?;
 
-					let slash_curator = |curator: &T::AccountId,
-					                     curator_deposit: &mut BalanceOf<T>| {
-						let imbalance = T::Currency::slash_reserved(curator, *curator_deposit).0;
-						T::OnSlash::on_unbalanced(imbalance);
-						*curator_deposit = Zero::zero();
-					};
+					let slash_curator =
+						|curator: &T::AccountId, curator_deposit: &mut BalanceOf<T>| {
+							let imbalance =
+								T::Currency::slash_reserved(curator, *curator_deposit).0;
+							T::OnSlash::on_unbalanced(imbalance);
+							*curator_deposit = Zero::zero();
+						};
 
 					match child_bounty.status {
 						ChildBountyStatus::Added => {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/parachain.rs b/substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/parachain.rs
index 5a06cc6748b8a8034b01471c71728e95d83a0a45..6edbfb0e7e86a540e965dca80ebfe4ad01f35abf 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/parachain.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/parachain.rs
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type WeightInfo = ();
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs b/substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs
index 705578cde1d969e131366af5f3002af709894604..5fed061f80b45aaaad89e3a4ef3b0abef41000d8 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl shared::Config for Runtime {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/contracts/src/benchmarking/code.rs b/substrate/frame/contracts/src/benchmarking/code.rs
index 1473022b5537885ad2a068a6cf97b26e755811ef..b5918a5e182d2d0db168f9abb9a988aed9bdcd66 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/contracts/src/benchmarking/code.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/contracts/src/benchmarking/code.rs
@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ pub struct ImportedFunction {
 pub struct WasmModule<T: Config> {
 	pub code: Vec<u8>,
 	pub hash: <T::Hashing as Hash>::Output,
-	pub memory: Option<ImportedMemory>,
 }
 
 impl<T: Config> From<ModuleDefinition> for WasmModule<T> {
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ impl<T: Config> From<ModuleDefinition> for WasmModule<T> {
 
 		let code = contract.build().into_bytes().unwrap();
 		let hash = T::Hashing::hash(&code);
-		Self { code: code.into(), hash, memory: def.memory }
+		Self { code: code.into(), hash }
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/contracts/src/exec.rs b/substrate/frame/contracts/src/exec.rs
index 31e0bf50b73e7de2131fac77487de1c421cabb3e..046affe32d966e6695edd0a0580c332a062e6e82 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/contracts/src/exec.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/contracts/src/exec.rs
@@ -454,9 +454,6 @@ pub trait Executable<T: Config>: Sized {
 	/// The code hash of the executable.
 	fn code_hash(&self) -> &CodeHash<T>;
 
-	/// Size of the contract code in bytes.
-	fn code_len(&self) -> u32;
-
 	/// The code does not contain any instructions which could lead to indeterminism.
 	fn is_deterministic(&self) -> bool;
 }
@@ -1838,10 +1835,6 @@ mod tests {
 			&self.code_info
 		}
 
-		fn code_len(&self) -> u32 {
-			0
-		}
-
 		fn is_deterministic(&self) -> bool {
 			true
 		}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/contracts/src/wasm/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/contracts/src/wasm/mod.rs
index f4ee76459c4eaa7fc117baece31b10333173cf41..c9786fa1516b52e58dfc5aaed7b2f100cead576f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/contracts/src/wasm/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/contracts/src/wasm/mod.rs
@@ -488,10 +488,6 @@ impl<T: Config> Executable<T> for WasmBlob<T> {
 		&self.code_info
 	}
 
-	fn code_len(&self) -> u32 {
-		self.code.len() as u32
-	}
-
 	fn is_deterministic(&self) -> bool {
 		matches!(self.code_info.determinism, Determinism::Enforced)
 	}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/impls.rs b/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/impls.rs
index 4e6812dee24930ad204784f57125dec07f907427..a443df7b20f568f6be1b9b0b679d55fff8e0f3c9 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/impls.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/impls.rs
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ impl<T: Config> DelegationMigrator for Pallet<T> {
 
 	/// Only used for testing.
 	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
-	fn migrate_to_direct_staker(agent: Agent<Self::AccountId>) {
+	fn force_kill_agent(agent: Agent<Self::AccountId>) {
 		<Agents<T>>::remove(agent.clone().get());
 		<Delegators<T>>::iter()
 			.filter(|(_, delegation)| delegation.agent == agent.clone().get())
@@ -136,8 +136,6 @@ impl<T: Config> DelegationMigrator for Pallet<T> {
 				);
 				<Delegators<T>>::remove(&delegator);
 			});
-
-		T::CoreStaking::migrate_to_direct_staker(&agent.get());
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/lib.rs
index 7b8d14b0a611897339f8c2104cc1ab3187ddd215..1d181eb29cab7321d94b083149a8e58a17ecd924 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/lib.rs
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@
 //! - Migrate a `Nominator` account to an `agent` account. See [`Pallet::migrate_to_agent`].
 //!   Explained in more detail in the `Migration` section.
 //! - Migrate unclaimed delegated funds from `agent` to delegator. When a nominator migrates to an
-//! agent, the funds are held in a proxy account. This function allows the delegator to claim their
-//! share of the funds from the proxy account. See [`Pallet::migrate_delegation`].
+//!   agent, the funds are held in a proxy account. This function allows the delegator to claim
+//!   their share of the funds from the proxy account. See [`Pallet::migrate_delegation`].
 //!
 //! ## Lazy Slashing
 //! One of the reasons why direct nominators on staking pallet cannot scale well is because all
diff --git a/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/tests.rs
index 2c965e18b1b335d25ec4fbd571c3e032a782dba5..b7b82a43771eb388ee1a5e0e11145e614f56930f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/delegated-staking/src/tests.rs
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ mod staking_integration {
 			// in equal parts. lets try to migrate this nominator into delegate based stake.
 
 			// all balance currently is in 200
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(agent), agent_amount);
+			assert_eq!(pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(&agent), agent_amount);
 
 			// to migrate, nominator needs to set an account as a proxy delegator where staked funds
 			// will be moved and delegated back to this old nominator account. This should be funded
diff --git a/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/src/lib.rs
index 09248e77848b6f72ff7cb99ae20a7002a07d9288..072cfe176b61991081d64e3f83fc1f353d4ae0c6 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/src/lib.rs
@@ -1208,9 +1208,8 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				}
 
 				let _ = Self::unsigned_pre_dispatch_checks(raw_solution)
-					.map_err(|err| {
+					.inspect_err(|err| {
 						log!(debug, "unsigned transaction validation failed due to {:?}", err);
-						err
 					})
 					.map_err(dispatch_error_to_invalid)?;
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/test-staking-e2e/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/test-staking-e2e/src/lib.rs
index 0dc202ff2115391c462748c2669ea5fbc16e02bb..13514969438760d13d8d34b369787deddeb205f6 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/test-staking-e2e/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/test-staking-e2e/src/lib.rs
@@ -322,24 +322,24 @@ fn automatic_unbonding_pools() {
 		assert_eq!(<Runtime as pallet_nomination_pools::Config>::MaxUnbonding::get(), 1);
 
 		// init state of pool members.
-		let init_free_balance_2 = Balances::free_balance(2);
-		let init_free_balance_3 = Balances::free_balance(3);
+		let init_stakeable_balance_2 = pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&2);
+		let init_stakeable_balance_3 = pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&3);
 
 		let pool_bonded_account = Pools::generate_bonded_account(1);
 
 		// creates a pool with 5 bonded, owned by 1.
 		assert_ok!(Pools::create(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), 5, 1, 1, 1));
-		assert_eq!(locked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account), 5);
+		assert_eq!(staked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account), 5);
 
 		let init_tvl = TotalValueLocked::<Runtime>::get();
 
 		// 2 joins the pool.
 		assert_ok!(Pools::join(RuntimeOrigin::signed(2), 10, 1));
-		assert_eq!(locked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account), 15);
+		assert_eq!(staked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account), 15);
 
 		// 3 joins the pool.
 		assert_ok!(Pools::join(RuntimeOrigin::signed(3), 10, 1));
-		assert_eq!(locked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account), 25);
+		assert_eq!(staked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account), 25);
 
 		assert_eq!(TotalValueLocked::<Runtime>::get(), 25);
 
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ fn automatic_unbonding_pools() {
 		assert_ok!(Pools::unbond(RuntimeOrigin::signed(2), 2, 10));
 
 		// amount is still locked in the pool, needs to wait for unbonding period.
-		assert_eq!(locked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account), 25);
+		assert_eq!(staked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account), 25);
 
 		// max chunks in the ledger are now filled up (`MaxUnlockingChunks == 1`).
 		assert_eq!(unlocking_chunks_of(pool_bonded_account), 1);
@@ -372,8 +372,8 @@ fn automatic_unbonding_pools() {
 		assert_eq!(current_era(), 3);
 		System::reset_events();
 
-		let locked_before_withdraw_pool = locked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(pool_bonded_account), 26);
+		let staked_before_withdraw_pool = staked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account);
+		assert_eq!(pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&pool_bonded_account), 26);
 
 		// now unbonding 3 will work, although the pool's ledger still has the unlocking chunks
 		// filled up.
@@ -391,20 +391,21 @@ fn automatic_unbonding_pools() {
 		);
 
 		// balance of the pool remains the same, it hasn't withdraw explicitly from the pool yet.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(pool_bonded_account), 26);
+		assert_eq!(pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&pool_bonded_account), 26);
 		// but the locked amount in the pool's account decreases due to the auto-withdraw:
-		assert_eq!(locked_before_withdraw_pool - 10, locked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account));
+		assert_eq!(staked_before_withdraw_pool - 10, staked_amount_for(pool_bonded_account));
 
 		// TVL correctly updated.
 		assert_eq!(TotalValueLocked::<Runtime>::get(), 25 - 10);
 
 		// however, note that the withdrawing from the pool still works for 2, the funds are taken
-		// from the pool's free balance.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(pool_bonded_account), 26);
+		// from the pool's non staked balance.
+		assert_eq!(pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&pool_bonded_account), 26);
+		assert_eq!(pallet_staking::asset::staked::<Runtime>(&pool_bonded_account), 15);
 		assert_ok!(Pools::withdraw_unbonded(RuntimeOrigin::signed(2), 2, 10));
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(pool_bonded_account), 16);
+		assert_eq!(pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&pool_bonded_account), 16);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(2), 20);
+		assert_eq!(pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&2), 20);
 		assert_eq!(TotalValueLocked::<Runtime>::get(), 15);
 
 		// 3 cannot withdraw yet.
@@ -423,9 +424,15 @@ fn automatic_unbonding_pools() {
 		assert_ok!(Pools::withdraw_unbonded(RuntimeOrigin::signed(3), 3, 10));
 
 		// final conditions are the expected.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(pool_bonded_account), 6); // 5 init bonded + ED
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(2), init_free_balance_2);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(3), init_free_balance_3);
+		assert_eq!(pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&pool_bonded_account), 6); // 5 init bonded + ED
+		assert_eq!(
+			pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&2),
+			init_stakeable_balance_2
+		);
+		assert_eq!(
+			pallet_staking::asset::stakeable_balance::<Runtime>(&3),
+			init_stakeable_balance_3
+		);
 
 		assert_eq!(TotalValueLocked::<Runtime>::get(), init_tvl);
 	});
diff --git a/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/test-staking-e2e/src/mock.rs b/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/test-staking-e2e/src/mock.rs
index e45452c1ddf9dcd693a93e1969abec3cd2a37352..f20e3983b09d1b12770de142694ddcfabc07f9c3 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/test-staking-e2e/src/mock.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/election-provider-multi-phase/test-staking-e2e/src/mock.rs
@@ -915,9 +915,8 @@ pub(crate) fn set_minimum_election_score(
 	.map_err(|_| ())
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn locked_amount_for(account_id: AccountId) -> Balance {
-	let lock = pallet_balances::Locks::<Runtime>::get(account_id);
-	lock[0].amount
+pub(crate) fn staked_amount_for(account_id: AccountId) -> Balance {
+	pallet_staking::asset::staked::<Runtime>(&account_id)
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn staking_events() -> Vec<pallet_staking::Event<Runtime>> {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/election-provider-support/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/election-provider-support/src/lib.rs
index 394f58a38442519dd27286bd74f3459e63b6a857..cb3249e388a318abc065eefacc429b7adc128c9b 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/election-provider-support/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/election-provider-support/src/lib.rs
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ sp_core::generate_feature_enabled_macro!(
 );
 
 sp_core::generate_feature_enabled_macro!(
-	runtime_benchmarks_fuzz_or_std_enabled,
-	any(feature = "runtime-benchmarks", feature = "fuzzing", feature = "std"),
+	runtime_benchmarks_or_std_enabled,
+	any(feature = "runtime-benchmarks", feature = "std"),
 	$
 );
diff --git a/substrate/frame/elections-phragmen/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/elections-phragmen/src/lib.rs
index 6d91448fd1859cf0eb1143ca6341e08f0d4353eb..a1c5f69e1b65abcd2b77e78fd5fe73a9231de7c9 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/elections-phragmen/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/elections-phragmen/src/lib.rs
@@ -829,7 +829,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 				T::Currency::unreserve(who, removed.deposit);
 			}
 
-			let maybe_next_best = RunnersUp::<T>::mutate(|r| r.pop()).map(|next_best| {
+			let maybe_next_best = RunnersUp::<T>::mutate(|r| r.pop()).inspect(|next_best| {
 				// defensive-only: Members and runners-up are disjoint. This will always be err and
 				// give us an index to insert.
 				if let Err(index) = members.binary_search_by(|m| m.who.cmp(&next_best.who)) {
@@ -839,7 +839,6 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 					// is already a member, so not much more to do.
 					log::error!(target: LOG_TARGET, "A member seems to also be a runner-up.");
 				}
-				next_best
 			});
 			Ok(maybe_next_best)
 		})?;
diff --git a/substrate/frame/examples/multi-block-migrations/src/migrations/v1/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/examples/multi-block-migrations/src/migrations/v1/mod.rs
index 2016b03de45e53e94a77e29a87f4cb70f8e17e9b..6243846d86b06f7938541865756d3511bbbb9ae5 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/examples/multi-block-migrations/src/migrations/v1/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/examples/multi-block-migrations/src/migrations/v1/mod.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 //! [`v0::MyMap`](`crate::migrations::v1::v0::MyMap`) storage map, transforms them,
 //! and inserts them into the [`MyMap`](`crate::pallet::MyMap`) storage map.
 
+extern crate alloc;
+
 use super::PALLET_MIGRATIONS_ID;
 use crate::pallet::{Config, MyMap};
 use frame_support::{
@@ -29,6 +31,12 @@ use frame_support::{
 	weights::WeightMeter,
 };
 
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+use alloc::collections::btree_map::BTreeMap;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+use alloc::vec::Vec;
+
 mod benchmarks;
 mod tests;
 pub mod weights;
@@ -115,4 +123,39 @@ impl<T: Config, W: weights::WeightInfo> SteppedMigration for LazyMigrationV1<T,
 		}
 		Ok(cursor)
 	}
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn pre_upgrade() -> Result<Vec<u8>, frame_support::sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
+		use codec::Encode;
+
+		// Return the state of the storage before the migration.
+		Ok(v0::MyMap::<T>::iter().collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>().encode())
+	}
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn post_upgrade(prev: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), frame_support::sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
+		use codec::Decode;
+
+		// Check the state of the storage after the migration.
+		let prev_map = BTreeMap::<u32, u32>::decode(&mut &prev[..])
+			.expect("Failed to decode the previous storage state");
+
+		// Check the len of prev and post are the same.
+		assert_eq!(
+			MyMap::<T>::iter().count(),
+			prev_map.len(),
+			"Migration failed: the number of items in the storage after the migration is not the same as before"
+		);
+
+		for (key, value) in prev_map {
+			let new_value =
+				MyMap::<T>::get(key).expect("Failed to get the value after the migration");
+			assert_eq!(
+				value as u64, new_value,
+				"Migration failed: the value after the migration is not the same as before"
+			);
+		}
+
+		Ok(())
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/examples/offchain-worker/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/examples/offchain-worker/src/tests.rs
index b665cbbb62aed3c38326881904ec685070e4b67f..741adbe6d26ac4b0f8fb0157b4668949c0cca2c9 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/examples/offchain-worker/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/examples/offchain-worker/src/tests.rs
@@ -266,11 +266,12 @@ fn should_submit_unsigned_transaction_on_chain_for_any_account() {
 		{
 			assert_eq!(body, price_payload);
 
-			let signature_valid =
-				<PricePayload<
-					<Test as SigningTypes>::Public,
-					frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor<Test>,
-				> as SignedPayload<Test>>::verify::<crypto::TestAuthId>(&price_payload, signature);
+			let signature_valid = <PricePayload<
+				<Test as SigningTypes>::Public,
+				frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor<Test>,
+			> as SignedPayload<Test>>::verify::<crypto::TestAuthId>(
+				&price_payload, signature
+			);
 
 			assert!(signature_valid);
 		}
@@ -320,11 +321,12 @@ fn should_submit_unsigned_transaction_on_chain_for_all_accounts() {
 		{
 			assert_eq!(body, price_payload);
 
-			let signature_valid =
-				<PricePayload<
-					<Test as SigningTypes>::Public,
-					frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor<Test>,
-				> as SignedPayload<Test>>::verify::<crypto::TestAuthId>(&price_payload, signature);
+			let signature_valid = <PricePayload<
+				<Test as SigningTypes>::Public,
+				frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor<Test>,
+			> as SignedPayload<Test>>::verify::<crypto::TestAuthId>(
+				&price_payload, signature
+			);
 
 			assert!(signature_valid);
 		}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/examples/single-block-migrations/src/migrations/v1.rs b/substrate/frame/examples/single-block-migrations/src/migrations/v1.rs
index 55cf7cef9a7a85a2a2174e5f9b2cb48c38db2549..922c03afdd1e7405b1927903ddf29197e93b7829 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/examples/single-block-migrations/src/migrations/v1.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/examples/single-block-migrations/src/migrations/v1.rs
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ impl<T: crate::Config> UncheckedOnRuntimeUpgrade for InnerMigrateV0ToV1<T> {
 	///
 	/// - If the value doesn't exist, there is nothing to do.
 	/// - If the value exists, it is read and then written back to storage inside a
-	/// [`crate::CurrentAndPreviousValue`].
+	///   [`crate::CurrentAndPreviousValue`].
 	fn on_runtime_upgrade() -> frame_support::weights::Weight {
 		// Read the old value from storage
 		if let Some(old_value) = v0::Value::<T>::take() {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/examples/tasks/src/mock.rs b/substrate/frame/examples/tasks/src/mock.rs
index 33912bb5269c5ba58cb9f5256cceb26d681577e5..9a1112946f69f387172d067fd2dcc6690b62d93e 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/examples/tasks/src/mock.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/examples/tasks/src/mock.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 //! Mock runtime for `tasks-example` tests.
 #![cfg(test)]
 
-use crate::{self as tasks_example};
+use crate::{self as pallet_example_tasks};
 use frame_support::derive_impl;
 use sp_runtime::testing::TestXt;
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ type Block = frame_system::mocking::MockBlock<Runtime>;
 frame_support::construct_runtime!(
 	pub enum Runtime {
 		System: frame_system,
-		TasksExample: tasks_example,
+		TasksExample: pallet_example_tasks,
 	}
 );
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ where
 	type Extrinsic = Extrinsic;
 }
 
-impl tasks_example::Config for Runtime {
+impl pallet_example_tasks::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeTask = RuntimeTask;
 	type WeightInfo = ();
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/executive/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/executive/src/lib.rs
index 1e7bac64e18fd68ddec72fe38eff5b67e2ca7c2e..fe702e1fc3951e846a8adffd7615f93e318a9d79 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/executive/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/executive/src/lib.rs
@@ -382,9 +382,8 @@ where
 		<AllPalletsWithSystem as frame_support::traits::TryState<
 			BlockNumberFor<System>,
 		>>::try_state(*header.number(), select.clone())
-		.map_err(|e| {
+		.inspect_err(|e| {
 			log::error!(target: LOG_TARGET, "failure: {:?}", e);
-			e
 		})?;
 		if select.any() {
 			let res = AllPalletsWithSystem::try_decode_entire_state();
diff --git a/substrate/frame/fast-unstake/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/fast-unstake/src/tests.rs
index 77128872f285f379237153290e394f3a461226e8..7c11f381ca102927e10a3b8241d87dfa28a07d5b 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/fast-unstake/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/fast-unstake/src/tests.rs
@@ -137,15 +137,16 @@ fn deregister_works() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().build_and_execute(|| {
 		ErasToCheckPerBlock::<T>::put(1);
 
-		assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1), 0);
+		// reserved balance prior to registering for fast unstake.
+		let pre_reserved = <T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1);
 
 		// Controller account registers for fast unstake.
 		assert_ok!(FastUnstake::register_fast_unstake(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1)));
-		assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1), Deposit::get());
+		assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1) - pre_reserved, Deposit::get());
 
 		// Controller then changes mind and deregisters.
 		assert_ok!(FastUnstake::deregister(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1)));
-		assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1), 0);
+		assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1) - pre_reserved, 0);
 
 		// Ensure stash no longer exists in the queue.
 		assert_eq!(Queue::<T>::get(1), None);
@@ -243,7 +244,8 @@ mod on_idle {
 			CurrentEra::<T>::put(BondingDuration::get());
 
 			// given
-			assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1), 0);
+			// reserved balance prior to registering for fast unstake.
+			let pre_reserved = <T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1);
 
 			assert_ok!(FastUnstake::register_fast_unstake(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1)));
 			assert_ok!(FastUnstake::register_fast_unstake(RuntimeOrigin::signed(3)));
@@ -251,7 +253,10 @@ mod on_idle {
 			assert_ok!(FastUnstake::register_fast_unstake(RuntimeOrigin::signed(7)));
 			assert_ok!(FastUnstake::register_fast_unstake(RuntimeOrigin::signed(9)));
 
-			assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1), Deposit::get());
+			assert_eq!(
+				<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1) - pre_reserved,
+				Deposit::get()
+			);
 
 			assert_eq!(Queue::<T>::count(), 5);
 			assert_eq!(Head::<T>::get(), None);
@@ -279,6 +284,9 @@ mod on_idle {
 			// when
 			next_block(true);
 
+			// pre_reserve may change due to unstaked amount.
+			let pre_reserved = <T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1);
+
 			// then
 			assert_eq!(
 				Head::<T>::get(),
@@ -289,7 +297,7 @@ mod on_idle {
 			);
 			assert_eq!(Queue::<T>::count(), 3);
 
-			assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1), 0);
+			assert_eq!(<T as Config>::Currency::reserved_balance(&1) - pre_reserved, 0);
 
 			assert_eq!(
 				fast_unstake_events_since_last_call(),
diff --git a/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/lib.rs
index 48002acb14746fc3a52fbbfa8ec9d517974d7d68..31402f2a9d81d87c14f99e690eec69b88aa430ad 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/lib.rs
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	impl<T: Config> Hooks<BlockNumberFor<T>> for Pallet<T> {
 		fn on_initialize(_n: BlockNumberFor<T>) -> Weight {
 			if let Some(weight_limit) = T::ServiceWeight::get() {
-				Self::service_queues(weight_limit)
+				Self::service_queues_impl(weight_limit, ServiceQueuesContext::OnInitialize)
 			} else {
 				Weight::zero()
 			}
@@ -658,7 +658,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		fn on_idle(_n: BlockNumberFor<T>, remaining_weight: Weight) -> Weight {
 			if let Some(weight_limit) = T::IdleMaxServiceWeight::get() {
 				// Make use of the remaining weight to process enqueued messages.
-				Self::service_queues(weight_limit.min(remaining_weight))
+				Self::service_queues_impl(
+					weight_limit.min(remaining_weight),
+					ServiceQueuesContext::OnIdle,
+				)
 			} else {
 				Weight::zero()
 			}
@@ -777,6 +780,18 @@ enum MessageExecutionStatus {
 	StackLimitReached,
 }
 
+/// The context to pass to [`Pallet::service_queues_impl`] through on_idle and on_initialize hooks
+/// We don't want to throw the defensive message if called from on_idle hook
+#[derive(PartialEq)]
+enum ServiceQueuesContext {
+	/// Context of on_idle hook.
+	OnIdle,
+	/// Context of on_initialize hook.
+	OnInitialize,
+	/// Context `service_queues` trait function.
+	ServiceQueues,
+}
+
 impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	/// Knit `origin` into the ready ring right at the end.
 	///
@@ -1511,6 +1526,53 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			},
 		}
 	}
+
+	fn service_queues_impl(weight_limit: Weight, context: ServiceQueuesContext) -> Weight {
+		let mut weight = WeightMeter::with_limit(weight_limit);
+
+		// Get the maximum weight that processing a single message may take:
+		let max_weight = Self::max_message_weight(weight_limit).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+			if matches!(context, ServiceQueuesContext::OnInitialize) {
+				defensive!("Not enough weight to service a single message.");
+			}
+			Weight::zero()
+		});
+
+		match with_service_mutex(|| {
+			let mut next = match Self::bump_service_head(&mut weight) {
+				Some(h) => h,
+				None => return weight.consumed(),
+			};
+			// The last queue that did not make any progress.
+			// The loop aborts as soon as it arrives at this queue again without making any progress
+			// on other queues in between.
+			let mut last_no_progress = None;
+
+			loop {
+				let (progressed, n) = Self::service_queue(next.clone(), &mut weight, max_weight);
+				next = match n {
+					Some(n) =>
+						if !progressed {
+							if last_no_progress == Some(n.clone()) {
+								break
+							}
+							if last_no_progress.is_none() {
+								last_no_progress = Some(next.clone())
+							}
+							n
+						} else {
+							last_no_progress = None;
+							n
+						},
+					None => break,
+				}
+			}
+			weight.consumed()
+		}) {
+			Err(()) => weight.consumed(),
+			Ok(w) => w,
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 /// Run a closure that errors on re-entrance. Meant to be used by anything that services queues.
@@ -1580,48 +1642,7 @@ impl<T: Config> ServiceQueues for Pallet<T> {
 	type OverweightMessageAddress = (MessageOriginOf<T>, PageIndex, T::Size);
 
 	fn service_queues(weight_limit: Weight) -> Weight {
-		let mut weight = WeightMeter::with_limit(weight_limit);
-
-		// Get the maximum weight that processing a single message may take:
-		let max_weight = Self::max_message_weight(weight_limit).unwrap_or_else(|| {
-			defensive!("Not enough weight to service a single message.");
-			Weight::zero()
-		});
-
-		match with_service_mutex(|| {
-			let mut next = match Self::bump_service_head(&mut weight) {
-				Some(h) => h,
-				None => return weight.consumed(),
-			};
-			// The last queue that did not make any progress.
-			// The loop aborts as soon as it arrives at this queue again without making any progress
-			// on other queues in between.
-			let mut last_no_progress = None;
-
-			loop {
-				let (progressed, n) = Self::service_queue(next.clone(), &mut weight, max_weight);
-				next = match n {
-					Some(n) =>
-						if !progressed {
-							if last_no_progress == Some(n.clone()) {
-								break
-							}
-							if last_no_progress.is_none() {
-								last_no_progress = Some(next.clone())
-							}
-							n
-						} else {
-							last_no_progress = None;
-							n
-						},
-					None => break,
-				}
-			}
-			weight.consumed()
-		}) {
-			Err(()) => weight.consumed(),
-			Ok(w) => w,
-		}
+		Self::service_queues_impl(weight_limit, ServiceQueuesContext::ServiceQueues)
 	}
 
 	/// Execute a single overweight message.
diff --git a/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/tests.rs
index fac135f135cefd9258ec1dd7c71677b093194fbd..b75764b67bea5f991b1f702781814598092683a6 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/message-queue/src/tests.rs
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ fn service_queues_low_weight_defensive() {
 		assert!(MessageQueue::do_integrity_test().is_err());
 
 		MessageQueue::enqueue_message(msg("weight=0"), Here);
-		MessageQueue::service_queues(104.into_weight());
+		MessageQueue::service_queues_impl(104.into_weight(), ServiceQueuesContext::OnInitialize);
 	});
 }
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/migrations/Cargo.toml b/substrate/frame/migrations/Cargo.toml
index 5fbed74a4400704db6610ec54e3aba8dd234cdae..a32e48e652805f91fabf340916351f6c27d9b79a 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/migrations/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/frame/migrations/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
 
 [dependencies]
 codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
+cfg-if = { workspace = true }
 docify = { workspace = true }
 impl-trait-for-tuples = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/migrations/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/migrations/src/lib.rs
index 1823e5a2f9527fb7e02c06132cf42a7083fc6e1d..d9490e7dcfe99fed3cc70560f6f25e61f4fc190f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/migrations/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/migrations/src/lib.rs
@@ -70,21 +70,26 @@
 //! points to the currently active migration and stores its inner cursor. The inner cursor can then
 //! be used by the migration to store its inner state and advance. Each time when the migration
 //! returns `Some(cursor)`, it signals the pallet that it is not done yet.
+//!
 //! The cursor is reset on each runtime upgrade. This ensures that it starts to execute at the
 //! first migration in the vector. The pallets cursor is only ever incremented or set to `Stuck`
 //! once it encounters an error (Goal 4). Once in the stuck state, the pallet will stay stuck until
 //! it is fixed through manual governance intervention.
+//!
 //! As soon as the cursor of the pallet becomes `Some(_)`; [`MultiStepMigrator::ongoing`] returns
 //! `true` (Goal 2). This can be used by upstream code to possibly pause transactions.
 //! In `on_initialize` the pallet will load the current migration and check whether it was already
 //! executed in the past by checking for membership of its ID in the [`Historic`] set. Historic
 //! migrations are skipped without causing an error. Each successfully executed migration is added
 //! to this set (Goal 5).
+//!
 //! This proceeds until no more migrations remain. At that point, the event `UpgradeCompleted` is
 //! emitted (Goal 1).
+//!
 //! The execution of each migration happens by calling [`SteppedMigration::transactional_step`].
 //! This function wraps the inner `step` function into a transactional layer to allow rollback in
 //! the error case (Goal 6).
+//!
 //! Weight limits must be checked by the migration itself. The pallet provides a [`WeightMeter`] for
 //! that purpose. The pallet may return [`SteppedMigrationError::InsufficientWeight`] at any point.
 //! In that scenario, one of two things will happen: if that migration was exclusively executed
@@ -156,11 +161,15 @@ use core::ops::ControlFlow;
 use frame_support::{
 	defensive, defensive_assert,
 	migrations::*,
+	pallet_prelude::*,
 	traits::Get,
 	weights::{Weight, WeightMeter},
 	BoundedVec,
 };
-use frame_system::{pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor, Pallet as System};
+use frame_system::{
+	pallet_prelude::{BlockNumberFor, *},
+	Pallet as System,
+};
 use sp_runtime::Saturating;
 
 /// Points to the next migration to execute.
@@ -262,6 +271,7 @@ pub type IdentifierOf<T> = BoundedVec<u8, <T as Config>::IdentifierMaxLen>;
 pub type ActiveCursorOf<T> = ActiveCursor<RawCursorOf<T>, BlockNumberFor<T>>;
 
 /// Trait for a tuple of No-OP migrations with one element.
+#[impl_trait_for_tuples::impl_for_tuples(30)]
 pub trait MockedMigrations: SteppedMigrations {
 	/// The migration should fail after `n` steps.
 	fn set_fail_after(n: u32);
@@ -269,11 +279,24 @@ pub trait MockedMigrations: SteppedMigrations {
 	fn set_success_after(n: u32);
 }
 
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+/// Wrapper for pre-upgrade bytes, allowing us to impl MEL on it.
+///
+/// For `try-runtime` testing only.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Encode, Decode, scale_info::TypeInfo, Default)]
+struct PreUpgradeBytesWrapper(pub Vec<u8>);
+
+/// Data stored by the pre-upgrade hook of the MBMs. Only used for `try-runtime` testing.
+///
+/// Define this outside of the pallet so it is not confused with actual storage.
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+#[frame_support::storage_alias]
+type PreUpgradeBytes<T: Config> =
+	StorageMap<Pallet<T>, Twox64Concat, IdentifierOf<T>, PreUpgradeBytesWrapper, ValueQuery>;
+
 #[frame_support::pallet]
 pub mod pallet {
 	use super::*;
-	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
-	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
 
 	#[pallet::pallet]
 	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
@@ -701,6 +724,16 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		}
 
 		let max_steps = T::Migrations::nth_max_steps(cursor.index);
+
+		// If this is the first time running this migration, exec the pre-upgrade hook.
+		#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+		if !PreUpgradeBytes::<T>::contains_key(&bounded_id) {
+			let bytes = T::Migrations::nth_pre_upgrade(cursor.index)
+				.expect("Invalid cursor.index")
+				.expect("Pre-upgrade failed");
+			PreUpgradeBytes::<T>::insert(&bounded_id, PreUpgradeBytesWrapper(bytes));
+		}
+
 		let next_cursor = T::Migrations::nth_transactional_step(
 			cursor.index,
 			cursor.inner_cursor.clone().map(|c| c.into_inner()),
@@ -735,6 +768,16 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			},
 			Ok(None) => {
 				// A migration is done when it returns cursor `None`.
+
+				// Run post-upgrade checks.
+				#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+				T::Migrations::nth_post_upgrade(
+					cursor.index,
+					PreUpgradeBytes::<T>::get(&bounded_id).0,
+				)
+				.expect("Invalid cursor.index.")
+				.expect("Post-upgrade failed.");
+
 				Self::deposit_event(Event::MigrationCompleted { index: cursor.index, took });
 				Historic::<T>::insert(&bounded_id, ());
 				cursor.goto_next_migration(System::<T>::block_number());
@@ -759,14 +802,21 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	}
 
 	/// Fail the current runtime upgrade, caused by `migration`.
+	///
+	/// When the `try-runtime` feature is enabled, this function will panic.
+	// Allow unreachable code so it can compile without warnings when `try-runtime` is enabled.
 	fn upgrade_failed(migration: Option<u32>) {
 		use FailedMigrationHandling::*;
 		Self::deposit_event(Event::UpgradeFailed);
 
-		match T::FailedMigrationHandler::failed(migration) {
-			KeepStuck => Cursor::<T>::set(Some(MigrationCursor::Stuck)),
-			ForceUnstuck => Cursor::<T>::kill(),
-			Ignore => {},
+		if cfg!(feature = "try-runtime") {
+			panic!("Migration with index {:?} failed.", migration);
+		} else {
+			match T::FailedMigrationHandler::failed(migration) {
+				KeepStuck => Cursor::<T>::set(Some(MigrationCursor::Stuck)),
+				ForceUnstuck => Cursor::<T>::kill(),
+				Ignore => {},
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/migrations/src/mock_helpers.rs b/substrate/frame/migrations/src/mock_helpers.rs
index 9d3b4d1193f21e8a0fd35463d161cc4df978146a..a03c70051d308d7882e8dca68bc27fcd4636f510 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/migrations/src/mock_helpers.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/migrations/src/mock_helpers.rs
@@ -43,6 +43,12 @@ pub enum MockedMigrationKind {
 	/// Cause an [`SteppedMigrationError::InsufficientWeight`] error after its number of steps
 	/// elapsed.
 	HighWeightAfter(Weight),
+	/// PreUpgrade should fail.
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	PreUpgradeFail,
+	/// PostUpgrade should fail.
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	PostUpgradeFail,
 }
 use MockedMigrationKind::*; // C style
 
@@ -99,6 +105,8 @@ impl SteppedMigrations for MockedMigrations {
 				Err(SteppedMigrationError::Failed)
 			},
 			TimeoutAfter => unreachable!(),
+			#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+			PreUpgradeFail | PostUpgradeFail => Ok(None),
 		})
 	}
 
@@ -115,6 +123,31 @@ impl SteppedMigrations for MockedMigrations {
 		MIGRATIONS::get().get(n as usize).map(|(_, s)| Some(*s))
 	}
 
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_pre_upgrade(n: u32) -> Option<Result<Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>> {
+		let (kind, _) = MIGRATIONS::get()[n as usize];
+
+		if let PreUpgradeFail = kind {
+			return Some(Err("Some pre-upgrade error".into()))
+		}
+
+		Some(Ok(vec![]))
+	}
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_post_upgrade(
+		n: u32,
+		_state: Vec<u8>,
+	) -> Option<Result<(), sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>> {
+		let (kind, _) = MIGRATIONS::get()[n as usize];
+
+		if let PostUpgradeFail = kind {
+			return Some(Err("Some post-upgrade error".into()))
+		}
+
+		Some(Ok(()))
+	}
+
 	fn cursor_max_encoded_len() -> usize {
 		65_536
 	}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/migrations/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/migrations/src/tests.rs
index 73ca2a9a09cf6451c65b0927d6090ef7452e8554..55f212bcf373cfb921a96f3b44a95d2f2b7f1611 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/migrations/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/migrations/src/tests.rs
@@ -17,12 +17,13 @@
 
 #![cfg(test)]
 
+use frame_support::{pallet_prelude::Weight, traits::OnRuntimeUpgrade};
+
 use crate::{
 	mock::{Test as T, *},
 	mock_helpers::{MockedMigrationKind::*, *},
 	Cursor, Event, FailedMigrationHandling, MigrationCursor,
 };
-use frame_support::{pallet_prelude::Weight, traits::OnRuntimeUpgrade};
 
 #[docify::export]
 #[test]
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ fn simple_multiple_works() {
 }
 
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "try-runtime", should_panic)]
 fn failing_migration_sets_cursor_to_stuck() {
 	test_closure(|| {
 		FailedUpgradeResponse::set(FailedMigrationHandling::KeepStuck);
@@ -116,6 +118,7 @@ fn failing_migration_sets_cursor_to_stuck() {
 }
 
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "try-runtime", should_panic)]
 fn failing_migration_force_unstuck_works() {
 	test_closure(|| {
 		FailedUpgradeResponse::set(FailedMigrationHandling::ForceUnstuck);
@@ -148,6 +151,7 @@ fn failing_migration_force_unstuck_works() {
 /// A migration that reports not getting enough weight errors if it is the first one to run in that
 /// block.
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "try-runtime", should_panic)]
 fn high_weight_migration_singular_fails() {
 	test_closure(|| {
 		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(HighWeightAfter(Weight::zero()), 2)]);
@@ -176,6 +180,7 @@ fn high_weight_migration_singular_fails() {
 /// A migration that reports of not getting enough weight is retried once, if it is not the first
 /// one to run in a block.
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "try-runtime", should_panic)]
 fn high_weight_migration_retries_once() {
 	test_closure(|| {
 		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(SucceedAfter, 0), (HighWeightAfter(Weight::zero()), 0)]);
@@ -205,6 +210,7 @@ fn high_weight_migration_retries_once() {
 // Note: Same as `high_weight_migration_retries_once` but with different required weight for the
 // migration.
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "try-runtime", should_panic)]
 fn high_weight_migration_permanently_overweight_fails() {
 	test_closure(|| {
 		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(SucceedAfter, 0), (HighWeightAfter(Weight::MAX), 0)]);
@@ -300,6 +306,7 @@ fn historic_skipping_works() {
 /// When another upgrade happens while a migration is still running, it should set the cursor to
 /// stuck.
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "try-runtime", should_panic)]
 fn upgrade_fails_when_migration_active() {
 	test_closure(|| {
 		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(SucceedAfter, 10)]);
@@ -326,6 +333,7 @@ fn upgrade_fails_when_migration_active() {
 }
 
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "try-runtime", should_panic)]
 fn migration_timeout_errors() {
 	test_closure(|| {
 		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(TimeoutAfter, 3)]);
@@ -358,3 +366,91 @@ fn migration_timeout_errors() {
 		assert_eq!(upgrades_started_completed_failed(), (0, 0, 1));
 	});
 }
+
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+#[test]
+fn try_runtime_success_case() {
+	use Event::*;
+	test_closure(|| {
+		// Add three migrations, each taking one block longer than the previous.
+		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(SucceedAfter, 0), (SucceedAfter, 1), (SucceedAfter, 2)]);
+
+		System::set_block_number(1);
+		Migrations::on_runtime_upgrade();
+		run_to_block(10);
+
+		// Check that we got all events.
+		assert_events(vec![
+			UpgradeStarted { migrations: 3 },
+			MigrationCompleted { index: 0, took: 1 },
+			MigrationAdvanced { index: 1, took: 0 },
+			MigrationCompleted { index: 1, took: 1 },
+			MigrationAdvanced { index: 2, took: 0 },
+			MigrationAdvanced { index: 2, took: 1 },
+			MigrationCompleted { index: 2, took: 2 },
+			UpgradeCompleted,
+		]);
+	});
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+#[should_panic]
+fn try_runtime_pre_upgrade_failure() {
+	test_closure(|| {
+		// Add three migrations, it should fail after the second one.
+		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(SucceedAfter, 0), (PreUpgradeFail, 1), (SucceedAfter, 2)]);
+
+		System::set_block_number(1);
+		Migrations::on_runtime_upgrade();
+
+		// should panic
+		run_to_block(10);
+	});
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+#[should_panic]
+fn try_runtime_post_upgrade_failure() {
+	test_closure(|| {
+		// Add three migrations, it should fail after the second one.
+		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(SucceedAfter, 0), (PostUpgradeFail, 1), (SucceedAfter, 2)]);
+
+		System::set_block_number(1);
+		Migrations::on_runtime_upgrade();
+
+		// should panic
+		run_to_block(10);
+	});
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+#[should_panic]
+fn try_runtime_migration_failure() {
+	test_closure(|| {
+		// Add three migrations, it should fail after the second one.
+		MockedMigrations::set(vec![(SucceedAfter, 0), (FailAfter, 5), (SucceedAfter, 10)]);
+
+		System::set_block_number(1);
+		Migrations::on_runtime_upgrade();
+
+		// should panic
+		run_to_block(10);
+	});
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn try_runtime_no_migrations() {
+	test_closure(|| {
+		MockedMigrations::set(vec![]);
+
+		System::set_block_number(1);
+		Migrations::on_runtime_upgrade();
+
+		run_to_block(10);
+
+		assert_eq!(System::events().len(), 0);
+	});
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/nis/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/nis/src/lib.rs
index 016daa4cb78be7adc714d47132a7d335741a7530..87e2276e768d0fcb5370b189882823d0604898a2 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/nis/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/nis/src/lib.rs
@@ -756,15 +756,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					.map(|_| ())
 					// We ignore this error as it just means the amount we're trying to deposit is
 					// dust and the beneficiary account doesn't exist.
-					.or_else(
-						|e| {
-							if e == TokenError::CannotCreate.into() {
-								Ok(())
-							} else {
-								Err(e)
-							}
-						},
-					)?;
+					.or_else(|e| {
+						if e == TokenError::CannotCreate.into() {
+							Ok(())
+						} else {
+							Err(e)
+						}
+					})?;
 					summary.receipts_on_hold.saturating_reduce(on_hold);
 				}
 				T::Currency::release(&HoldReason::NftReceipt.into(), &who, amount, Exact)?;
diff --git a/substrate/frame/nis/src/mock.rs b/substrate/frame/nis/src/mock.rs
index f3320a306df738e26cedfff8d57affd2076bee4d..2b008f8ec2a41e3580e61d4bd1c28ba044368273 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/nis/src/mock.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/nis/src/mock.rs
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config<Instance1> for Test {
 	type MaxFreezes = ();
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl pallet_balances::Config<Instance2> for Test {
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config<Instance2> for Test {
 	type MaxFreezes = ();
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = ();
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = ();
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/benchmarking/src/inner.rs b/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/benchmarking/src/inner.rs
index 2a455942511123327d1c6cb2826f46d4afea77ba..b0c8f3655a50dd5694d1920629bca3ef63ab4802 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/benchmarking/src/inner.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/benchmarking/src/inner.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 	traits::{Bounded, StaticLookup, Zero},
 	Perbill,
 };
-use sp_staking::EraIndex;
+use sp_staking::{EraIndex, StakingUnchecked};
 // `frame_benchmarking::benchmarks!` macro needs this
 use pallet_nomination_pools::Call;
 
@@ -131,6 +131,8 @@ fn migrate_to_transfer_stake<T: Config>(pool_id: PoolId) {
 			)
 			.expect("member should have enough balance to transfer");
 		});
+
+	pallet_staking::Pallet::<T>::migrate_to_direct_staker(&pool_acc);
 }
 
 fn vote_to_balance<T: pallet_nomination_pools::Config>(
diff --git a/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/src/adapter.rs b/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/src/adapter.rs
index 272b3b60612b1324b7ef393c232f0b465d4bada6..f125919dabfa6bce68dea67dd4fd60ed26ec0e3c 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/src/adapter.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/nomination-pools/src/adapter.rs
@@ -460,6 +460,6 @@ impl<
 
 	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 	fn remove_as_agent(pool: Pool<Self::AccountId>) {
-		Delegation::migrate_to_direct_staker(pool.into())
+		Delegation::force_kill_agent(pool.into())
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/offences/benchmarking/src/inner.rs b/substrate/frame/offences/benchmarking/src/inner.rs
index b16e5be653d1e7354ebe29e62304b1c6d065e80c..573114de074224db6e0e8d562d069852ca066092 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/offences/benchmarking/src/inner.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/offences/benchmarking/src/inner.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 
 use frame_benchmarking::v1::{account, benchmarks};
-use frame_support::traits::{Currency, Get};
+use frame_support::traits::Get;
 use frame_system::{Config as SystemConfig, Pallet as System, RawOrigin};
 
 use sp_runtime::{
@@ -77,8 +77,7 @@ where
 }
 
 type LookupSourceOf<T> = <<T as SystemConfig>::Lookup as StaticLookup>::Source;
-type BalanceOf<T> =
-	<<T as StakingConfig>::Currency as Currency<<T as SystemConfig>::AccountId>>::Balance;
+type BalanceOf<T> = <T as StakingConfig>::CurrencyBalance;
 
 struct Offender<T: Config> {
 	pub controller: T::AccountId,
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ struct Offender<T: Config> {
 }
 
 fn bond_amount<T: Config>() -> BalanceOf<T> {
-	T::Currency::minimum_balance().saturating_mul(10_000u32.into())
+	pallet_staking::asset::existential_deposit::<T>().saturating_mul(10_000u32.into())
 }
 
 fn create_offender<T: Config>(n: u32, nominators: u32) -> Result<Offender<T>, &'static str> {
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ fn create_offender<T: Config>(n: u32, nominators: u32) -> Result<Offender<T>, &'
 	let amount = bond_amount::<T>();
 	// add twice as much balance to prevent the account from being killed.
 	let free_amount = amount.saturating_mul(2u32.into());
-	T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&stash, free_amount);
+	pallet_staking::asset::set_stakeable_balance::<T>(&stash, free_amount);
 	Staking::<T>::bond(
 		RawOrigin::Signed(stash.clone()).into(),
 		amount,
@@ -116,7 +115,7 @@ fn create_offender<T: Config>(n: u32, nominators: u32) -> Result<Offender<T>, &'
 	for i in 0..nominators {
 		let nominator_stash: T::AccountId =
 			account("nominator stash", n * MAX_NOMINATORS + i, SEED);
-		T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&nominator_stash, free_amount);
+		pallet_staking::asset::set_stakeable_balance::<T>(&nominator_stash, free_amount);
 
 		Staking::<T>::bond(
 			RawOrigin::Signed(nominator_stash.clone()).into(),
@@ -172,6 +171,14 @@ fn make_offenders<T: Config>(
 }
 
 benchmarks! {
+	where_clause {
+		where
+		<T as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent: TryInto<pallet_staking::Event<T>>,
+		<T as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent: TryInto<pallet_balances::Event<T>>,
+		<T as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent: TryInto<pallet_offences::Event>,
+		<T as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent: TryInto<frame_system::Event<T>>,
+	}
+
 	report_offence_grandpa {
 		let n in 0 .. MAX_NOMINATORS.min(MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get());
 
@@ -196,17 +203,19 @@ benchmarks! {
 		let _ = Offences::<T>::report_offence(reporters, offence);
 	}
 	verify {
-		// make sure that all slashes have been applied
 		#[cfg(test)]
-		assert_eq!(
-			System::<T>::event_count(), 0
-			+ 1 // offence
-			+ 3 // reporter (reward + endowment)
-			+ 1 // offenders reported
-			+ 3 // offenders slashed
-			+ 1 // offenders chilled
-			+ 3 * n // nominators slashed
-		);
+		{
+			// make sure that all slashes have been applied
+			// (n nominators + one validator) * (slashed + unlocked) + deposit to reporter + reporter
+			// account endowed + some funds rescinded from issuance.
+			assert_eq!(System::<T>::read_events_for_pallet::<pallet_balances::Event<T>>().len(), 2 * (n + 1) as usize + 3);
+			// (n nominators + one validator) * slashed + Slash Reported
+			assert_eq!(System::<T>::read_events_for_pallet::<pallet_staking::Event<T>>().len(), 1 * (n + 1) as usize + 1);
+			// offence
+			assert_eq!(System::<T>::read_events_for_pallet::<pallet_offences::Event>().len(), 1);
+			// reporter new account
+			assert_eq!(System::<T>::read_events_for_pallet::<frame_system::Event<T>>().len(), 1);
+		}
 	}
 
 	report_offence_babe {
@@ -233,17 +242,19 @@ benchmarks! {
 		let _ = Offences::<T>::report_offence(reporters, offence);
 	}
 	verify {
-		// make sure that all slashes have been applied
 		#[cfg(test)]
-		assert_eq!(
-			System::<T>::event_count(), 0
-			+ 1 // offence
-			+ 3 // reporter (reward + endowment)
-			+ 1 // offenders reported
-			+ 3 // offenders slashed
-			+ 1 // offenders chilled
-			+ 3 * n // nominators slashed
-		);
+		{
+			// make sure that all slashes have been applied
+			// (n nominators + one validator) * (slashed + unlocked) + deposit to reporter + reporter
+			// account endowed + some funds rescinded from issuance.
+			assert_eq!(System::<T>::read_events_for_pallet::<pallet_balances::Event<T>>().len(), 2 * (n + 1) as usize + 3);
+			// (n nominators + one validator) * slashed + Slash Reported
+			assert_eq!(System::<T>::read_events_for_pallet::<pallet_staking::Event<T>>().len(), 1 * (n + 1) as usize + 1);
+			// offence
+			assert_eq!(System::<T>::read_events_for_pallet::<pallet_offences::Event>().len(), 1);
+			// reporter new account
+			assert_eq!(System::<T>::read_events_for_pallet::<frame_system::Event<T>>().len(), 1);
+		}
 	}
 
 	impl_benchmark_test_suite!(Pallet, crate::mock::new_test_ext(), crate::mock::Test);
diff --git a/substrate/frame/offences/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/offences/src/lib.rs
index ffea32a1f4703dc4a7074f44bc0986b97d126bac..18f37c759a6a2c14adb34b53dcc09349b1a4a7b5 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/offences/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/offences/src/lib.rs
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ pub mod pallet {
 
 	/// The primary structure that holds all offence records keyed by report identifiers.
 	#[pallet::storage]
-	#[pallet::getter(fn reports)]
 	pub type Reports<T: Config> = StorageMap<
 		_,
 		Twox64Concat,
@@ -152,6 +151,13 @@ where
 }
 
 impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
+	/// Get the offence details from reports of given ID.
+	pub fn reports(
+		report_id: ReportIdOf<T>,
+	) -> Option<OffenceDetails<T::AccountId, T::IdentificationTuple>> {
+		Reports::<T>::get(report_id)
+	}
+
 	/// Compute the ID for the given report properties.
 	///
 	/// The report id depends on the offence kind, time slot and the id of offender.
diff --git a/substrate/frame/offences/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/offences/src/tests.rs
index 4897b78f3e4d37ccabaad6a5fa1b3c6acbac45b2..ab72b51054d6bc4770117bbd5a13a938fd4e898f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/offences/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/offences/src/tests.rs
@@ -21,12 +21,34 @@
 
 use super::*;
 use crate::mock::{
-	new_test_ext, offence_reports, with_on_offence_fractions, Offence, Offences, RuntimeEvent,
-	System, KIND,
+	new_test_ext, offence_reports, with_on_offence_fractions, Offence, Offences, Runtime,
+	RuntimeEvent, System, KIND,
 };
 use frame_system::{EventRecord, Phase};
+use sp_core::H256;
 use sp_runtime::Perbill;
 
+#[test]
+fn should_get_reports_with_storagemap_getter_and_function_getter() {
+	new_test_ext().execute_with(|| {
+		// given
+		let report_id: ReportIdOf<Runtime> = H256::from_low_u64_be(1);
+		let offence_details = OffenceDetails { offender: 1, reporters: vec![2, 3] };
+
+		Reports::<Runtime>::insert(report_id, offence_details.clone());
+
+		// when
+		let stored_offence_details = Offences::reports(report_id);
+		// then
+		assert_eq!(stored_offence_details, Some(offence_details.clone()));
+
+		// when
+		let stored_offence_details = Reports::<Runtime>::get(report_id);
+		// then
+		assert_eq!(stored_offence_details, Some(offence_details.clone()));
+	});
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn should_report_an_authority_and_trigger_on_offence() {
 	new_test_ext().execute_with(|| {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/referenda/src/mock.rs b/substrate/frame/referenda/src/mock.rs
index bf0fa4e1a12e17a90f2d35fd555d5805765b26be..c96a50af86581978e2e6ffe359a2417e4796665b 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/referenda/src/mock.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/referenda/src/mock.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ use frame_support::{
 	assert_ok, derive_impl, ord_parameter_types, parameter_types,
 	traits::{
 		ConstU32, ConstU64, Contains, EqualPrivilegeOnly, OnInitialize, OriginTrait, Polling,
-		SortedMembers,
 	},
 	weights::Weight,
 };
@@ -98,14 +97,6 @@ ord_parameter_types! {
 	pub const Five: u64 = 5;
 	pub const Six: u64 = 6;
 }
-pub struct OneToFive;
-impl SortedMembers<u64> for OneToFive {
-	fn sorted_members() -> Vec<u64> {
-		vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
-	}
-	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
-	fn add(_m: &u64) {}
-}
 
 pub struct TestTracksInfo;
 impl TracksInfo<u64, u64> for TestTracksInfo {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/referenda/src/types.rs b/substrate/frame/referenda/src/types.rs
index 1039b288b2aecde8db69453f7883f41be349314a..e83f28b472cda7fa3dc6329fd026440ec415874d 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/referenda/src/types.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/referenda/src/types.rs
@@ -258,7 +258,8 @@ impl<
 		Tally: Eq + PartialEq + Debug + Encode + Decode + TypeInfo + Clone,
 		AccountId: Eq + PartialEq + Debug + Encode + Decode + TypeInfo + Clone,
 		ScheduleAddress: Eq + PartialEq + Debug + Encode + Decode + TypeInfo + Clone,
-	> ReferendumInfo<TrackId, RuntimeOrigin, Moment, Call, Balance, Tally, AccountId, ScheduleAddress>
+	>
+	ReferendumInfo<TrackId, RuntimeOrigin, Moment, Call, Balance, Tally, AccountId, ScheduleAddress>
 {
 	/// Take the Decision Deposit from `self`, if there is one. Returns an `Err` if `self` is not
 	/// in a valid state for the Decision Deposit to be refunded.
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/Cargo.toml b/substrate/frame/revive/Cargo.toml
index 177b3c3e9eec1fef25e5186ff1380c95a2035c02..e896d9e8fa26b636f7177d08a6c4a083dddcc86d 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/Cargo.toml
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
 [dependencies]
 environmental = { workspace = true }
 paste = { workspace = true }
-polkavm = { version = "0.11.0", default-features = false }
+polkavm = { version = "0.12.0", default-features = false }
+polkavm-common = { version = "0.12.0", default-features = false }
 bitflags = { workspace = true }
 codec = { features = [
 	"derive",
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ std = [
 	"pallet-revive-fixtures/std",
 	"pallet-timestamp/std",
 	"pallet-utility/std",
+	"polkavm-common/std",
 	"polkavm/std",
 	"rlp/std",
 	"scale-info/std",
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/Cargo.toml b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/Cargo.toml
index 53db08a3911a013b050c48ffead0f3f0878fa60e..75b23fdd44d1f65adaaccedb38064378db35f1f4 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 [package]
 name = "pallet-revive-fixtures"
-publish = true
 version = "0.1.0"
 authors.workspace = true
 edition.workspace = true
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ log = { workspace = true }
 parity-wasm = { workspace = true }
 tempfile = { workspace = true }
 toml = { workspace = true }
-polkavm-linker = { version = "0.11.0" }
+polkavm-linker = { version = "0.12.0" }
 anyhow = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 [features]
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/build.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/build.rs
index 944ae246c1b85535ccc83ffe63d986ce0fd05230..3178baf6bbe425fac7867354cfb03224d094a5b0 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/build.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/build.rs
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ mod build {
 
 	fn invoke_build(current_dir: &Path) -> Result<()> {
 		let encoded_rustflags = [
+			"-Dwarnings",
 			"-Crelocation-model=pie",
 			"-Clink-arg=--emit-relocs",
 			"-Clink-arg=--export-dynamic-symbol=__polkavm_symbol_export_hack__*",
@@ -158,8 +159,8 @@ mod build {
 	/// Post-process the compiled code.
 	fn post_process(input_path: &Path, output_path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
 		let mut config = polkavm_linker::Config::default();
-		config.set_strip(true);
-		config.set_optimize(false);
+		config.set_strip(false);
+		config.set_optimize(true);
 		let orig =
 			fs::read(input_path).with_context(|| format!("Failed to read {:?}", input_path))?;
 		let linked = polkavm_linker::program_from_elf(config, orig.as_ref())
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/build/Cargo.toml b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/build/Cargo.toml
index 5b3a21b5122e0cbc9cc0ba9522a8fa92c2450501..948d7438cf98ee93c463214e95711be2a6a856c8 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/build/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/build/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 [dependencies]
 uapi = { package = 'pallet-revive-uapi', path = "", default-features = false }
 common = { package = 'pallet-revive-fixtures-common', path = "" }
-polkavm-derive = { version = "0.11.0" }
+polkavm-derive = { version = "0.12.0" }
 
 [profile.release]
 opt-level = 3
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/basic_block.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/basic_block.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0cde7a264632a47f0a29b7ffd2d8d0ca60b71ecb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/basic_block.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Create a basic block that is larger than we allow.
+
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+extern crate common;
+
+use core::arch::asm;
+
+// Export that is never called. We can put code here that should be in the binary
+// but is never supposed to be run.
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn call_never() {
+	// Stores cannot be optimized away because the optimizer cannot
+	// know whether they have side effects.
+	let value: u32 = 42;
+	unsafe {
+		// Repeat 1001 times to intentionally exceed the allowed basic block limit (1000)
+		asm!(".rept 1001", "sw {x}, 0(sp)", ".endr", x = in(reg) value);
+	}
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn deploy() {}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn call() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/call_diverging_out_len.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/call_diverging_out_len.rs
index e13162f8fb43df3e202fcef9a123688411bf0e63..129adde2cec915adbf2f3327ab6b536466b607e9 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/call_diverging_out_len.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/call_diverging_out_len.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@
 #![no_std]
 #![no_main]
 
-use common::input;
+extern crate common;
+
 use uapi::{HostFn, HostFnImpl as api};
 
 const BUF_SIZE: usize = 8;
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ static DATA: [u8; BUF_SIZE] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
 /// and expect the call output to match `expected_output`.
 fn assert_call<const N: usize>(callee_address: &[u8; 20], expected_output: [u8; BUF_SIZE]) {
 	let mut output_buf = [0u8; BUF_SIZE];
-	let mut output_buf_capped = &mut &mut output_buf[..N];
+	let output_buf_capped = &mut &mut output_buf[..N];
 
 	api::call(
 		uapi::CallFlags::ALLOW_REENTRY,
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ fn assert_instantiate<const N: usize>(expected_output: [u8; BUF_SIZE]) {
 	api::own_code_hash(&mut code_hash);
 
 	let mut output_buf = [0u8; BUF_SIZE];
-	let mut output_buf_capped = &mut &mut output_buf[..N];
+	let output_buf_capped = &mut &mut output_buf[..N];
 
 	api::instantiate(
 		&code_hash,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/call_return_code.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/call_return_code.rs
index d0d7c1bee2a5f9a65a226dd76f767ac44b463b3d..2d13b9f7095638a29f523d15b7d1c94dd2012946 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/call_return_code.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/call_return_code.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #![no_std]
 #![no_main]
 
-use common::{input, u256_bytes};
+use common::input;
 use uapi::{HostFn, HostFnImpl as api};
 
 #[no_mangle]
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/immutable_data.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/immutable_data.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ac50e61a400b98262ceb3dcbadd5349b09fe102b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/immutable_data.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Tests that the `get_immutable_data` and `set_immutable_data` APIs work.
+
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use common::input;
+use uapi::{HostFn, HostFnImpl as api};
+
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn deploy() {
+	input!(data: &[u8; 8],);
+
+	api::set_immutable_data(data);
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn call() {
+	input!(data: &[u8; 8],);
+
+	let mut buf = [0; 8];
+	api::get_immutable_data(&mut &mut buf[..]);
+
+	assert_eq!(data, &buf);
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/instr_benchmark.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/instr_benchmark.rs
index c5fb382c32767602593ba4998d6a1008f04636c5..0492652b0d036c08881b756226a59b2b4cbf39ca 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/instr_benchmark.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/instr_benchmark.rs
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ extern crate common;
 use common::input;
 use uapi::{HostFn, HostFnImpl as api, ReturnFlags};
 
+static mut MULT: [u32; 5_000] = [1u32; 5_000];
+
 #[no_mangle]
 #[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
 pub extern "C" fn deploy() {}
@@ -29,13 +31,13 @@ pub extern "C" fn deploy() {}
 #[no_mangle]
 #[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
 pub extern "C" fn call() {
-	input!(rounds: u32, start: u32, div: u32, mult: u32, add: u32, );
+	input!(rounds: u32, );
 
-	let mut acc = start;
+	let mut acc = 5;
 
-	for _ in 0..rounds {
-		acc = acc / div * mult + add;
+	for i in 0..rounds {
+		acc = acc * unsafe { MULT[i as usize] }
 	}
 
-	api::return_value(ReturnFlags::empty(), start.to_le_bytes().as_ref());
+	api::return_value(ReturnFlags::empty(), acc.to_le_bytes().as_ref());
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/return_data_api.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/return_data_api.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..846396b0944d303479d98b6ff227c938b086ec62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/return_data_api.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! This tests that the `return_data_size` and `return_data_copy` APIs work.
+//!
+//! It does so by calling and instantiating the "return_with_data" fixture,
+//! which always echoes back the input[4..] regardless of the call outcome.
+//!
+//! We also check that the saved return data is properly reset after a trap
+//! and unaffected by plain transfers.
+
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use common::{input, u256_bytes};
+use uapi::{HostFn, HostFnImpl as api};
+
+const INPUT_BUF_SIZE: usize = 128;
+static INPUT_DATA: [u8; INPUT_BUF_SIZE] = [0xFF; INPUT_BUF_SIZE];
+/// The "return_with_data" fixture echoes back 4 bytes less than the input
+const OUTPUT_BUF_SIZE: usize = INPUT_BUF_SIZE - 4;
+static OUTPUT_DATA: [u8; OUTPUT_BUF_SIZE] = [0xEE; OUTPUT_BUF_SIZE];
+
+fn assert_return_data_after_call(input: &[u8]) {
+	assert_return_data_size_of(OUTPUT_BUF_SIZE as u64);
+	assert_plain_transfer_does_not_reset(OUTPUT_BUF_SIZE as u64);
+	assert_return_data_copy(&input[4..]);
+	reset_return_data();
+}
+
+/// Assert that what we get from [api::return_data_copy] matches `whole_return_data`,
+/// either fully or partially with an offset and limited size.
+fn assert_return_data_copy(whole_return_data: &[u8]) {
+	// The full return data should match
+	let mut buf = OUTPUT_DATA;
+	let mut full = &mut buf[..whole_return_data.len()];
+	api::return_data_copy(&mut full, 0);
+	assert_eq!(whole_return_data, full);
+
+	// Partial return data should match
+	let mut buf = OUTPUT_DATA;
+	let offset = 5; // we just pick some offset
+	let size = 32; // we just pick some size
+	let mut partial = &mut buf[offset..offset + size];
+	api::return_data_copy(&mut partial, offset as u32);
+	assert_eq!(*partial, whole_return_data[offset..offset + size]);
+}
+
+/// This function panics in a recursive contract call context.
+fn recursion_guard() -> [u8; 20] {
+	let mut caller_address = [0u8; 20];
+	api::caller(&mut caller_address);
+
+	let mut own_address = [0u8; 20];
+	api::address(&mut own_address);
+
+	assert_ne!(caller_address, own_address);
+
+	own_address
+}
+
+/// Call ourselves recursively, which panics the callee and thus resets the return data.
+fn reset_return_data() {
+	api::call(
+		uapi::CallFlags::ALLOW_REENTRY,
+		&recursion_guard(),
+		0u64,
+		0u64,
+		None,
+		&[0u8; 32],
+		&[0u8; 32],
+		None,
+	)
+	.unwrap_err();
+	assert_return_data_size_of(0);
+}
+
+/// Assert [api::return_data_size] to match the `expected` value.
+fn assert_return_data_size_of(expected: u64) {
+	let mut return_data_size = [0xff; 32];
+	api::return_data_size(&mut return_data_size);
+	assert_eq!(return_data_size, u256_bytes(expected));
+}
+
+/// Assert [api::return_data_size] to match the `expected` value after a plain transfer
+/// (plain transfers don't issue a call and so should not reset the return data)
+fn assert_plain_transfer_does_not_reset(expected: u64) {
+	api::transfer(&[0; 20], &u256_bytes(128)).unwrap();
+	assert_return_data_size_of(expected);
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn deploy() {}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn call() {
+	input!(code_hash: &[u8; 32],);
+
+	// We didn't do anything yet; return data size should be 0
+	assert_return_data_size_of(0);
+
+	recursion_guard();
+
+	let mut address_buf = [0; 20];
+	let construct_input = |exit_flag| {
+		let mut input = INPUT_DATA;
+		input[0] = exit_flag;
+		input[9] = 7;
+		input[17 / 2] = 127;
+		input[89 / 2] = 127;
+		input
+	};
+	let mut instantiate = |exit_flag| {
+		api::instantiate(
+			code_hash,
+			0u64,
+			0u64,
+			None,
+			&[0; 32],
+			&construct_input(exit_flag),
+			Some(&mut address_buf),
+			None,
+			None,
+		)
+	};
+	let call = |exit_flag, address_buf| {
+		api::call(
+			uapi::CallFlags::empty(),
+			address_buf,
+			0u64,
+			0u64,
+			None,
+			&[0; 32],
+			&construct_input(exit_flag),
+			None,
+		)
+	};
+
+	instantiate(0).unwrap();
+	assert_return_data_after_call(&construct_input(0)[..]);
+
+	instantiate(1).unwrap_err();
+	assert_return_data_after_call(&construct_input(1)[..]);
+
+	call(0, &address_buf).unwrap();
+	assert_return_data_after_call(&construct_input(0)[..]);
+
+	call(1, &address_buf).unwrap_err();
+	assert_return_data_after_call(&construct_input(1)[..]);
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/sbrk.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/sbrk.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5b0bba99df81fe3a0e0ca74927ecb516b2e1a5fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/fixtures/contracts/sbrk.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Uses the sbrk instruction in order to test that it is rejected.
+
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+extern crate common;
+
+// Export that is never called. We can put code here that should be in the binary
+// but is never supposed to be run.
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn call_never() {
+	polkavm_derive::sbrk(4);
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn deploy() {}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+#[polkavm_derive::polkavm_export]
+pub extern "C" fn call() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/parachain.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/parachain.rs
index 0fd2248db5722377545c104c770acf7fbfe71252..26a8fdcada27e890e2cee926da9bc0448ac3d2bc 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/parachain.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/parachain.rs
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type WeightInfo = ();
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs
index 705578cde1d969e131366af5f3002af709894604..5fed061f80b45aaaad89e3a4ef3b0abef41000d8 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl shared::Config for Runtime {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/proc-macro/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/proc-macro/src/lib.rs
index 95f4110a2d76d903785b261caade68661397e186..012b4bfab9a9b129cfaa590dd91642a00a7533c4 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/proc-macro/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/proc-macro/src/lib.rs
@@ -349,18 +349,19 @@ where
 		let Some(ident) = path.path.get_ident() else {
 			panic!("Type needs to be ident");
 		};
-		let size =
-			if ident == "i8" ||
-				ident == "i16" || ident == "i32" ||
-				ident == "u8" || ident == "u16" ||
-				ident == "u32"
-			{
-				1
-			} else if ident == "i64" || ident == "u64" {
-				2
-			} else {
-				panic!("Pass by value only supports primitives");
-			};
+		let size = if ident == "i8" ||
+			ident == "i16" ||
+			ident == "i32" ||
+			ident == "u8" ||
+			ident == "u16" ||
+			ident == "u32"
+		{
+			1
+		} else if ident == "i64" || ident == "u64" {
+			2
+		} else {
+			panic!("Pass by value only supports primitives");
+		};
 		registers_used += size;
 		if registers_used > ALLOWED_REGISTERS {
 			return quote! {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/benchmarking/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/benchmarking/mod.rs
index cbc4cc62d481b2169e65d00ead69f7572e10432d..ebafb6c7054ae7c1208c819f9533eca328d06134 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/benchmarking/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/benchmarking/mod.rs
@@ -628,6 +628,53 @@ mod benchmarks {
 		assert_eq!(U256::from_little_endian(&memory[..len]), runtime.ext().balance_of(&address));
 	}
 
+	#[benchmark(pov_mode = Measured)]
+	fn seal_get_immutable_data(n: Linear<1, { limits::IMMUTABLE_BYTES }>) {
+		let len = n as usize;
+		let immutable_data = vec![1u8; len];
+
+		build_runtime!(runtime, contract, memory: [(len as u32).encode(), vec![0u8; len],]);
+
+		<ImmutableDataOf<T>>::insert::<_, BoundedVec<_, _>>(
+			contract.address(),
+			immutable_data.clone().try_into().unwrap(),
+		);
+
+		let result;
+		#[block]
+		{
+			result = runtime.bench_get_immutable_data(memory.as_mut_slice(), 4, 0 as u32);
+		}
+
+		assert_ok!(result);
+		assert_eq!(&memory[0..4], (len as u32).encode());
+		assert_eq!(&memory[4..len + 4], &immutable_data);
+	}
+
+	#[benchmark(pov_mode = Measured)]
+	fn seal_set_immutable_data(n: Linear<1, { limits::IMMUTABLE_BYTES }>) {
+		let len = n as usize;
+		let mut memory = vec![1u8; len];
+		let mut setup = CallSetup::<T>::default();
+		let input = setup.data();
+		let (mut ext, _) = setup.ext();
+		ext.override_export(crate::debug::ExportedFunction::Constructor);
+
+		let mut runtime = crate::wasm::Runtime::<_, [u8]>::new(&mut ext, input);
+
+		let result;
+		#[block]
+		{
+			result = runtime.bench_set_immutable_data(memory.as_mut_slice(), 0, n);
+		}
+
+		assert_ok!(result);
+		assert_eq!(
+			&memory[..],
+			&<ImmutableDataOf<T>>::get(setup.contract().address()).unwrap()[..]
+		);
+	}
+
 	#[benchmark(pov_mode = Measured)]
 	fn seal_value_transferred() {
 		build_runtime!(runtime, memory: [[0u8;32], ]);
@@ -1727,11 +1774,9 @@ mod benchmarks {
 	// Benchmark the execution of instructions.
 	#[benchmark(pov_mode = Ignored)]
 	fn instr(r: Linear<0, INSTR_BENCHMARK_RUNS>) {
-		// (round, start, div, mult, add)
-		let input = (r, 1_000u32, 2u32, 3u32, 100u32).encode();
 		let mut setup = CallSetup::<T>::new(WasmModule::instr());
 		let (mut ext, module) = setup.ext();
-		let prepared = CallSetup::<T>::prepare_call(&mut ext, module, input);
+		let prepared = CallSetup::<T>::prepare_call(&mut ext, module, r.encode());
 		#[block]
 		{
 			prepared.call().unwrap();
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/exec.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/exec.rs
index 233658696c8fa968aab32972e25b1b91ce8642c4..fffc3e4f48376efed32b97a6546f0cf3bfab2c1c 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/exec.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/exec.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ use crate::{
 	storage::{self, meter::Diff, WriteOutcome},
 	transient_storage::TransientStorage,
 	BalanceOf, CodeInfo, CodeInfoOf, Config, ContractInfo, ContractInfoOf, DebugBuffer, Error,
-	Event, Pallet as Contracts, LOG_TARGET,
+	Event, ImmutableData, ImmutableDataOf, Pallet as Contracts, LOG_TARGET,
 };
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use core::{fmt::Debug, marker::PhantomData, mem};
@@ -189,16 +189,12 @@ pub trait Ext: sealing::Sealed {
 		input_data: Vec<u8>,
 		allows_reentry: bool,
 		read_only: bool,
-	) -> Result<ExecReturnValue, ExecError>;
+	) -> Result<(), ExecError>;
 
 	/// Execute code in the current frame.
 	///
 	/// Returns the code size of the called contract.
-	fn delegate_call(
-		&mut self,
-		code: H256,
-		input_data: Vec<u8>,
-	) -> Result<ExecReturnValue, ExecError>;
+	fn delegate_call(&mut self, code: H256, input_data: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), ExecError>;
 
 	/// Instantiate a contract from the given code.
 	///
@@ -213,7 +209,7 @@ pub trait Ext: sealing::Sealed {
 		value: U256,
 		input_data: Vec<u8>,
 		salt: Option<&[u8; 32]>,
-	) -> Result<(H160, ExecReturnValue), ExecError>;
+	) -> Result<H160, ExecError>;
 
 	/// Transfer all funds to `beneficiary` and delete the contract.
 	///
@@ -300,6 +296,18 @@ pub trait Ext: sealing::Sealed {
 		<Self::T as Config>::AddressMapper::to_address(self.account_id())
 	}
 
+	/// Returns the immutable data of the current contract.
+	///
+	/// Returns `Err(InvalidImmutableAccess)` if called from a constructor.
+	fn get_immutable_data(&mut self) -> Result<ImmutableData, DispatchError>;
+
+	/// Set the the immutable data of the current contract.
+	///
+	/// Returns `Err(InvalidImmutableAccess)` if not called from a constructor.
+	///
+	/// Note: Requires &mut self to access the contract info.
+	fn set_immutable_data(&mut self, data: ImmutableData) -> Result<(), DispatchError>;
+
 	/// Returns the balance of the current contract.
 	///
 	/// The `value_transferred` is already added.
@@ -377,7 +385,7 @@ pub trait Ext: sealing::Sealed {
 	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 	fn transient_storage(&mut self) -> &mut TransientStorage<Self::T>;
 
-	/// Sets new code hash for existing contract.
+	/// Sets new code hash and immutable data for an existing contract.
 	fn set_code_hash(&mut self, hash: H256) -> DispatchResult;
 
 	/// Returns the number of times the specified contract exists on the call stack. Delegated calls
@@ -427,6 +435,12 @@ pub trait Ext: sealing::Sealed {
 
 	/// Check if running in read-only context.
 	fn is_read_only(&self) -> bool;
+
+	/// Returns an immutable reference to the output of the last executed call frame.
+	fn last_frame_output(&self) -> &ExecReturnValue;
+
+	/// Returns a mutable reference to the output of the last executed call frame.
+	fn last_frame_output_mut(&mut self) -> &mut ExecReturnValue;
 }
 
 /// Describes the different functions that can be exported by an [`Executable`].
@@ -547,6 +561,8 @@ struct Frame<T: Config> {
 	read_only: bool,
 	/// The caller of the currently executing frame which was spawned by `delegate_call`.
 	delegate_caller: Option<Origin<T>>,
+	/// The output of the last executed call frame.
+	last_frame_output: ExecReturnValue,
 }
 
 /// Used in a delegate call frame arguments in order to override the executable and caller.
@@ -731,7 +747,7 @@ where
 			value,
 			debug_message,
 		)? {
-			stack.run(executable, input_data)
+			stack.run(executable, input_data).map(|_| stack.first_frame.last_frame_output)
 		} else {
 			Self::transfer_no_contract(&origin, &dest, value)
 		}
@@ -772,7 +788,9 @@ where
 		)?
 		.expect(FRAME_ALWAYS_EXISTS_ON_INSTANTIATE);
 		let address = T::AddressMapper::to_address(&stack.top_frame().account_id);
-		stack.run(executable, input_data).map(|ret| (address, ret))
+		stack
+			.run(executable, input_data)
+			.map(|_| (address, stack.first_frame.last_frame_output))
 	}
 
 	#[cfg(all(feature = "runtime-benchmarks", feature = "riscv"))]
@@ -865,7 +883,7 @@ where
 					{
 						contract
 					} else {
-						return Ok(None)
+						return Ok(None);
 					}
 				};
 
@@ -911,6 +929,7 @@ where
 			nested_storage: storage_meter.nested(deposit_limit),
 			allows_reentry: true,
 			read_only,
+			last_frame_output: Default::default(),
 		};
 
 		Ok(Some((frame, executable)))
@@ -965,12 +984,24 @@ where
 	/// Run the current (top) frame.
 	///
 	/// This can be either a call or an instantiate.
-	fn run(&mut self, executable: E, input_data: Vec<u8>) -> ExecResult {
+	fn run(&mut self, executable: E, input_data: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), ExecError> {
 		let frame = self.top_frame();
 		let entry_point = frame.entry_point;
 		let delegated_code_hash =
 			if frame.delegate_caller.is_some() { Some(*executable.code_hash()) } else { None };
 
+		// The output of the caller frame will be replaced by the output of this run.
+		// It is also not accessible from nested frames.
+		// Hence we drop it early to save the memory.
+		let frames_len = self.frames.len();
+		if let Some(caller_frame) = match frames_len {
+			0 => None,
+			1 => Some(&mut self.first_frame.last_frame_output),
+			_ => self.frames.get_mut(frames_len - 2).map(|frame| &mut frame.last_frame_output),
+		} {
+			*caller_frame = Default::default();
+		}
+
 		self.transient_storage.start_transaction();
 
 		let do_transaction = || {
@@ -1109,7 +1140,9 @@ where
 		}
 
 		self.pop_frame(success);
-		output
+		output.map(|output| {
+			self.top_frame_mut().last_frame_output = output;
+		})
 	}
 
 	/// Remove the current (top) frame from the stack.
@@ -1265,6 +1298,13 @@ where
 	fn account_balance(&self, who: &T::AccountId) -> U256 {
 		T::Currency::reducible_balance(who, Preservation::Preserve, Fortitude::Polite).into()
 	}
+
+	/// Certain APIs, e.g. `{set,get}_immutable_data` behave differently depending
+	/// on the configured entry point. Thus, we allow setting the export manually.
+	#[cfg(all(feature = "runtime-benchmarks", feature = "riscv"))]
+	pub(crate) fn override_export(&mut self, export: ExportedFunction) {
+		self.top_frame_mut().entry_point = export;
+	}
 }
 
 impl<'a, T, E> Ext for Stack<'a, T, E>
@@ -1285,20 +1325,24 @@ where
 		input_data: Vec<u8>,
 		allows_reentry: bool,
 		read_only: bool,
-	) -> ExecResult {
+	) -> Result<(), ExecError> {
 		// Before pushing the new frame: Protect the caller contract against reentrancy attacks.
 		// It is important to do this before calling `allows_reentry` so that a direct recursion
 		// is caught by it.
 		self.top_frame_mut().allows_reentry = allows_reentry;
 
-		let dest = T::AddressMapper::to_account_id(dest);
-		let value = value.try_into().map_err(|_| Error::<T>::BalanceConversionFailed)?;
+		// We reset the return data now, so it is cleared out even if no new frame was executed.
+		// This is for example the case for balance transfers or when creating the frame fails.
+		*self.last_frame_output_mut() = Default::default();
 
 		let try_call = || {
+			let dest = T::AddressMapper::to_account_id(dest);
 			if !self.allows_reentry(&dest) {
 				return Err(<Error<T>>::ReentranceDenied.into());
 			}
 
+			let value = value.try_into().map_err(|_| Error::<T>::BalanceConversionFailed)?;
+
 			// We ignore instantiate frames in our search for a cached contract.
 			// Otherwise it would be possible to recursively call a contract from its own
 			// constructor: We disallow calling not fully constructed contracts.
@@ -1323,7 +1367,8 @@ where
 					&Origin::from_account_id(self.account_id().clone()),
 					&dest,
 					value,
-				)
+				)?;
+				Ok(())
 			}
 		};
 
@@ -1336,11 +1381,11 @@ where
 		result
 	}
 
-	fn delegate_call(
-		&mut self,
-		code_hash: H256,
-		input_data: Vec<u8>,
-	) -> Result<ExecReturnValue, ExecError> {
+	fn delegate_call(&mut self, code_hash: H256, input_data: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), ExecError> {
+		// We reset the return data now, so it is cleared out even if no new frame was executed.
+		// This is for example the case for unknown code hashes or creating the frame fails.
+		*self.last_frame_output_mut() = Default::default();
+
 		let executable = E::from_storage(code_hash, self.gas_meter_mut())?;
 		let top_frame = self.top_frame_mut();
 		let contract_info = top_frame.contract_info().clone();
@@ -1368,7 +1413,11 @@ where
 		value: U256,
 		input_data: Vec<u8>,
 		salt: Option<&[u8; 32]>,
-	) -> Result<(H160, ExecReturnValue), ExecError> {
+	) -> Result<H160, ExecError> {
+		// We reset the return data now, so it is cleared out even if no new frame was executed.
+		// This is for example the case when creating the frame fails.
+		*self.last_frame_output_mut() = Default::default();
+
 		let executable = E::from_storage(code_hash, self.gas_meter_mut())?;
 		let sender = &self.top_frame().account_id;
 		let executable = self.push_frame(
@@ -1385,7 +1434,7 @@ where
 		)?;
 		let address = T::AddressMapper::to_address(&self.top_frame().account_id);
 		self.run(executable.expect(FRAME_ALWAYS_EXISTS_ON_INSTANTIATE), input_data)
-			.map(|ret| (address, ret))
+			.map(|_| address)
 	}
 
 	fn terminate(&mut self, beneficiary: &H160) -> DispatchResult {
@@ -1400,6 +1449,7 @@ where
 		info.queue_trie_for_deletion();
 		let account_address = T::AddressMapper::to_address(&frame.account_id);
 		ContractInfoOf::<T>::remove(&account_address);
+		ImmutableDataOf::<T>::remove(&account_address);
 		Self::decrement_refcount(info.code_hash);
 
 		for (code_hash, deposit) in info.delegate_dependencies() {
@@ -1503,6 +1553,30 @@ where
 		self.caller_is_origin() && self.origin == Origin::Root
 	}
 
+	fn get_immutable_data(&mut self) -> Result<ImmutableData, DispatchError> {
+		if self.top_frame().entry_point == ExportedFunction::Constructor {
+			return Err(Error::<T>::InvalidImmutableAccess.into());
+		}
+
+		let address = T::AddressMapper::to_address(self.account_id());
+		Ok(<ImmutableDataOf<T>>::get(address).ok_or_else(|| Error::<T>::InvalidImmutableAccess)?)
+	}
+
+	fn set_immutable_data(&mut self, data: ImmutableData) -> Result<(), DispatchError> {
+		if self.top_frame().entry_point == ExportedFunction::Call {
+			return Err(Error::<T>::InvalidImmutableAccess.into());
+		}
+
+		let account_id = self.account_id().clone();
+		let len = data.len() as u32;
+		let amount = self.top_frame_mut().contract_info().set_immutable_data_len(len)?;
+		self.top_frame_mut().nested_storage.charge_deposit(account_id.clone(), amount);
+
+		<ImmutableDataOf<T>>::insert(T::AddressMapper::to_address(&account_id), &data);
+
+		Ok(())
+	}
+
 	fn balance(&self) -> U256 {
 		self.account_balance(&self.top_frame().account_id)
 	}
@@ -1609,6 +1683,21 @@ where
 		&mut self.transient_storage
 	}
 
+	/// TODO: This should be changed to run the constructor of the supplied `hash`.
+	///
+	/// Because the immutable data is attached to a contract and not a code,
+	/// we need to update the immutable data too.
+	///
+	/// Otherwise we open a massive footgun:
+	/// If the immutables changed in the new code, the contract will brick.
+	///
+	/// A possible implementation strategy is to add a flag to `FrameArgs::Instantiate`,
+	/// so that `fn run()` will roll back any changes if this flag is set.
+	///
+	/// After running the constructor, the new immutable data is already stored in
+	/// `self.immutable_data` at the address of the (reverted) contract instantiation.
+	///
+	/// The `set_code_hash` contract API stays disabled until this change is implemented.
 	fn set_code_hash(&mut self, hash: H256) -> DispatchResult {
 		let frame = top_frame_mut!(self);
 
@@ -1690,6 +1779,14 @@ where
 	fn is_read_only(&self) -> bool {
 		self.top_frame().read_only
 	}
+
+	fn last_frame_output(&self) -> &ExecReturnValue {
+		&self.top_frame().last_frame_output
+	}
+
+	fn last_frame_output_mut(&mut self) -> &mut ExecReturnValue {
+		&mut self.top_frame_mut().last_frame_output
+	}
 }
 
 mod sealing {
@@ -2353,15 +2450,17 @@ mod tests {
 			// ALICE is the origin of the call stack
 			assert!(ctx.ext.caller_is_origin());
 			// BOB calls CHARLIE
-			ctx.ext.call(
-				Weight::zero(),
-				U256::zero(),
-				&CHARLIE_ADDR,
-				U256::zero(),
-				vec![],
-				true,
-				false,
-			)
+			ctx.ext
+				.call(
+					Weight::zero(),
+					U256::zero(),
+					&CHARLIE_ADDR,
+					U256::zero(),
+					vec![],
+					true,
+					false,
+				)
+				.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone())
 		});
 
 		ExtBuilder::default().build().execute_with(|| {
@@ -2447,15 +2546,17 @@ mod tests {
 			// root is the origin of the call stack.
 			assert!(ctx.ext.caller_is_root());
 			// BOB calls CHARLIE.
-			ctx.ext.call(
-				Weight::zero(),
-				U256::zero(),
-				&CHARLIE_ADDR,
-				U256::zero(),
-				vec![],
-				true,
-				false,
-			)
+			ctx.ext
+				.call(
+					Weight::zero(),
+					U256::zero(),
+					&CHARLIE_ADDR,
+					U256::zero(),
+					vec![],
+					true,
+					false,
+				)
+				.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone())
 		});
 
 		ExtBuilder::default().build().execute_with(|| {
@@ -2666,6 +2767,7 @@ mod tests {
 						vec![],
 						Some(&[48; 32]),
 					)
+					.map(|address| (address, ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone()))
 					.unwrap();
 
 				*instantiated_contract_address.borrow_mut() = Some(address);
@@ -2841,15 +2943,17 @@ mod tests {
 				assert_eq!(info.storage_byte_deposit, 0);
 				info.storage_byte_deposit = 42;
 				assert_eq!(
-					ctx.ext.call(
-						Weight::zero(),
-						U256::zero(),
-						&CHARLIE_ADDR,
-						U256::zero(),
-						vec![],
-						true,
-						false
-					),
+					ctx.ext
+						.call(
+							Weight::zero(),
+							U256::zero(),
+							&CHARLIE_ADDR,
+							U256::zero(),
+							vec![],
+							true,
+							false
+						)
+						.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone()),
 					exec_trapped()
 				);
 				assert_eq!(ctx.ext.contract_info().storage_byte_deposit, 42);
@@ -3095,6 +3199,7 @@ mod tests {
 			let dest = H160::from_slice(ctx.input_data.as_ref());
 			ctx.ext
 				.call(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), &dest, U256::zero(), vec![], false, false)
+				.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone())
 		});
 
 		let code_charlie = MockLoader::insert(Call, |_, _| exec_success());
@@ -3137,15 +3242,17 @@ mod tests {
 	fn call_deny_reentry() {
 		let code_bob = MockLoader::insert(Call, |ctx, _| {
 			if ctx.input_data[0] == 0 {
-				ctx.ext.call(
-					Weight::zero(),
-					U256::zero(),
-					&CHARLIE_ADDR,
-					U256::zero(),
-					vec![],
-					false,
-					false,
-				)
+				ctx.ext
+					.call(
+						Weight::zero(),
+						U256::zero(),
+						&CHARLIE_ADDR,
+						U256::zero(),
+						vec![],
+						false,
+						false,
+					)
+					.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone())
 			} else {
 				exec_success()
 			}
@@ -3153,15 +3260,9 @@ mod tests {
 
 		// call BOB with input set to '1'
 		let code_charlie = MockLoader::insert(Call, |ctx, _| {
-			ctx.ext.call(
-				Weight::zero(),
-				U256::zero(),
-				&BOB_ADDR,
-				U256::zero(),
-				vec![1],
-				true,
-				false,
-			)
+			ctx.ext
+				.call(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), &BOB_ADDR, U256::zero(), vec![1], true, false)
+				.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone())
 		});
 
 		ExtBuilder::default().build().execute_with(|| {
@@ -3360,7 +3461,7 @@ mod tests {
 			let alice_nonce = System::account_nonce(&ALICE);
 			assert_eq!(System::account_nonce(ctx.ext.account_id()), 0);
 			assert_eq!(ctx.ext.caller().account_id().unwrap(), &ALICE);
-			let (addr, _) = ctx
+			let addr = ctx
 				.ext
 				.instantiate(
 					Weight::zero(),
@@ -3916,15 +4017,17 @@ mod tests {
 					Ok(WriteOutcome::New)
 				);
 				assert_eq!(
-					ctx.ext.call(
-						Weight::zero(),
-						U256::zero(),
-						&CHARLIE_ADDR,
-						U256::zero(),
-						vec![],
-						true,
-						false,
-					),
+					ctx.ext
+						.call(
+							Weight::zero(),
+							U256::zero(),
+							&CHARLIE_ADDR,
+							U256::zero(),
+							vec![],
+							true,
+							false,
+						)
+						.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone()),
 					exec_success()
 				);
 				assert_eq!(ctx.ext.get_transient_storage(storage_key_1), Some(vec![3]));
@@ -4020,15 +4123,17 @@ mod tests {
 					Ok(WriteOutcome::New)
 				);
 				assert_eq!(
-					ctx.ext.call(
-						Weight::zero(),
-						U256::zero(),
-						&CHARLIE_ADDR,
-						U256::zero(),
-						vec![],
-						true,
-						false
-					),
+					ctx.ext
+						.call(
+							Weight::zero(),
+							U256::zero(),
+							&CHARLIE_ADDR,
+							U256::zero(),
+							vec![],
+							true,
+							false
+						)
+						.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().clone()),
 					exec_trapped()
 				);
 				assert_eq!(ctx.ext.get_transient_storage(storage_key), Some(vec![1, 2]));
@@ -4102,4 +4207,426 @@ mod tests {
 			assert_matches!(result, Ok(_));
 		});
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn last_frame_output_works_on_instantiate() {
+		let ok_ch = MockLoader::insert(Constructor, move |_, _| {
+			Ok(ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::empty(), data: vec![127] })
+		});
+		let revert_ch = MockLoader::insert(Constructor, move |_, _| {
+			Ok(ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::REVERT, data: vec![70] })
+		});
+		let trap_ch = MockLoader::insert(Constructor, |_, _| Err("It's a trap!".into()));
+		let instantiator_ch = MockLoader::insert(Call, {
+			move |ctx, _| {
+				let value = <Test as Config>::Currency::minimum_balance().into();
+
+				// Successful instantiation should set the output
+				let address = ctx
+					.ext
+					.instantiate(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), ok_ch, value, vec![], None)
+					.unwrap();
+				assert_eq!(
+					ctx.ext.last_frame_output(),
+					&ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::empty(), data: vec![127] }
+				);
+
+				// Plain transfers should not set the output
+				ctx.ext.transfer(&address, U256::from(1)).unwrap();
+				assert_eq!(
+					ctx.ext.last_frame_output(),
+					&ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::empty(), data: vec![127] }
+				);
+
+				// Reverted instantiation should set the output
+				ctx.ext
+					.instantiate(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), revert_ch, value, vec![], None)
+					.unwrap();
+				assert_eq!(
+					ctx.ext.last_frame_output(),
+					&ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::REVERT, data: vec![70] }
+				);
+
+				// Trapped instantiation should clear the output
+				ctx.ext
+					.instantiate(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), trap_ch, value, vec![], None)
+					.unwrap_err();
+				assert_eq!(
+					ctx.ext.last_frame_output(),
+					&ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::empty(), data: vec![] }
+				);
+
+				exec_success()
+			}
+		});
+
+		ExtBuilder::default()
+			.with_code_hashes(MockLoader::code_hashes())
+			.existential_deposit(15)
+			.build()
+			.execute_with(|| {
+				set_balance(&ALICE, 1000);
+				set_balance(&BOB_CONTRACT_ID, 100);
+				place_contract(&BOB, instantiator_ch);
+				let origin = Origin::from_account_id(ALICE);
+				let mut storage_meter = storage::meter::Meter::new(&origin, 200, 0).unwrap();
+
+				MockStack::run_call(
+					origin,
+					BOB_ADDR,
+					&mut GasMeter::<Test>::new(GAS_LIMIT),
+					&mut storage_meter,
+					0,
+					vec![],
+					None,
+				)
+				.unwrap()
+			});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn last_frame_output_works_on_nested_call() {
+		// Call stack: BOB -> CHARLIE(revert) -> BOB' (success)
+		let code_bob = MockLoader::insert(Call, |ctx, _| {
+			if ctx.input_data.is_empty() {
+				// We didn't do anything yet
+				assert_eq!(
+					ctx.ext.last_frame_output(),
+					&ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::empty(), data: vec![] }
+				);
+
+				ctx.ext
+					.call(
+						Weight::zero(),
+						U256::zero(),
+						&CHARLIE_ADDR,
+						U256::zero(),
+						vec![],
+						true,
+						false,
+					)
+					.unwrap();
+				assert_eq!(
+					ctx.ext.last_frame_output(),
+					&ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::REVERT, data: vec![70] }
+				);
+			}
+
+			Ok(ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::empty(), data: vec![127] })
+		});
+		let code_charlie = MockLoader::insert(Call, |ctx, _| {
+			// We didn't do anything yet
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.last_frame_output(),
+				&ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::empty(), data: vec![] }
+			);
+
+			assert!(ctx
+				.ext
+				.call(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), &BOB_ADDR, U256::zero(), vec![99], true, false)
+				.is_ok());
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.last_frame_output(),
+				&ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::empty(), data: vec![127] }
+			);
+
+			Ok(ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::REVERT, data: vec![70] })
+		});
+
+		ExtBuilder::default().build().execute_with(|| {
+			place_contract(&BOB, code_bob);
+			place_contract(&CHARLIE, code_charlie);
+			let origin = Origin::from_account_id(ALICE);
+			let mut storage_meter = storage::meter::Meter::new(&origin, 0, 0).unwrap();
+
+			let result = MockStack::run_call(
+				origin,
+				BOB_ADDR,
+				&mut GasMeter::<Test>::new(GAS_LIMIT),
+				&mut storage_meter,
+				0,
+				vec![0],
+				None,
+			);
+			assert_matches!(result, Ok(_));
+		});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn last_frame_output_is_always_reset() {
+		let code_bob = MockLoader::insert(Call, |ctx, _| {
+			let invalid_code_hash = H256::from_low_u64_le(u64::MAX);
+			let output_revert = || ExecReturnValue { flags: ReturnFlags::REVERT, data: vec![1] };
+
+			// A value of u256::MAX to fail the call on the first condition.
+			*ctx.ext.last_frame_output_mut() = output_revert();
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.call(
+					Weight::zero(),
+					U256::zero(),
+					&H160::zero(),
+					U256::max_value(),
+					vec![],
+					true,
+					false,
+				),
+				Err(Error::<Test>::BalanceConversionFailed.into())
+			);
+			assert_eq!(ctx.ext.last_frame_output(), &Default::default());
+
+			// An unknown code hash to fail the delegate_call on the first condition.
+			*ctx.ext.last_frame_output_mut() = output_revert();
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.delegate_call(invalid_code_hash, Default::default()),
+				Err(Error::<Test>::CodeNotFound.into())
+			);
+			assert_eq!(ctx.ext.last_frame_output(), &Default::default());
+
+			// An unknown code hash to fail instantiation on the first condition.
+			*ctx.ext.last_frame_output_mut() = output_revert();
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.instantiate(
+					Weight::zero(),
+					U256::zero(),
+					invalid_code_hash,
+					U256::zero(),
+					vec![],
+					None,
+				),
+				Err(Error::<Test>::CodeNotFound.into())
+			);
+			assert_eq!(ctx.ext.last_frame_output(), &Default::default());
+
+			exec_success()
+		});
+
+		ExtBuilder::default().build().execute_with(|| {
+			place_contract(&BOB, code_bob);
+			let origin = Origin::from_account_id(ALICE);
+			let mut storage_meter = storage::meter::Meter::new(&origin, 0, 0).unwrap();
+
+			let result = MockStack::run_call(
+				origin,
+				BOB_ADDR,
+				&mut GasMeter::<Test>::new(GAS_LIMIT),
+				&mut storage_meter,
+				0,
+				vec![],
+				None,
+			);
+			assert_matches!(result, Ok(_));
+		});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn immutable_data_access_checks_work() {
+		let dummy_ch = MockLoader::insert(Constructor, move |ctx, _| {
+			// Calls can not store immutable data
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.get_immutable_data(),
+				Err(Error::<Test>::InvalidImmutableAccess.into())
+			);
+			exec_success()
+		});
+		let instantiator_ch = MockLoader::insert(Call, {
+			move |ctx, _| {
+				let value = <Test as Config>::Currency::minimum_balance().into();
+
+				assert_eq!(
+					ctx.ext.set_immutable_data(vec![0, 1, 2, 3].try_into().unwrap()),
+					Err(Error::<Test>::InvalidImmutableAccess.into())
+				);
+
+				// Constructors can not access the immutable data
+				ctx.ext
+					.instantiate(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), dummy_ch, value, vec![], None)
+					.unwrap();
+
+				exec_success()
+			}
+		});
+		ExtBuilder::default()
+			.with_code_hashes(MockLoader::code_hashes())
+			.existential_deposit(15)
+			.build()
+			.execute_with(|| {
+				set_balance(&ALICE, 1000);
+				set_balance(&BOB_CONTRACT_ID, 100);
+				place_contract(&BOB, instantiator_ch);
+				let origin = Origin::from_account_id(ALICE);
+				let mut storage_meter = storage::meter::Meter::new(&origin, 200, 0).unwrap();
+
+				MockStack::run_call(
+					origin,
+					BOB_ADDR,
+					&mut GasMeter::<Test>::new(GAS_LIMIT),
+					&mut storage_meter,
+					0,
+					vec![],
+					None,
+				)
+				.unwrap()
+			});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn correct_immutable_data_in_delegate_call() {
+		let charlie_ch = MockLoader::insert(Call, |ctx, _| {
+			Ok(ExecReturnValue {
+				flags: ReturnFlags::empty(),
+				data: ctx.ext.get_immutable_data()?.to_vec(),
+			})
+		});
+		let bob_ch = MockLoader::insert(Call, move |ctx, _| {
+			// In a regular call, we should witness the callee immutable data
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext
+					.call(
+						Weight::zero(),
+						U256::zero(),
+						&CHARLIE_ADDR,
+						U256::zero(),
+						vec![],
+						true,
+						false,
+					)
+					.map(|_| ctx.ext.last_frame_output().data.clone()),
+				Ok(vec![2]),
+			);
+
+			// In a delegate call, we should witness the caller immutable data
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.delegate_call(charlie_ch, Vec::new()).map(|_| ctx
+					.ext
+					.last_frame_output()
+					.data
+					.clone()),
+				Ok(vec![1])
+			);
+
+			exec_success()
+		});
+		ExtBuilder::default()
+			.with_code_hashes(MockLoader::code_hashes())
+			.existential_deposit(15)
+			.build()
+			.execute_with(|| {
+				place_contract(&BOB, bob_ch);
+				place_contract(&CHARLIE, charlie_ch);
+
+				let origin = Origin::from_account_id(ALICE);
+				let mut storage_meter = storage::meter::Meter::new(&origin, 200, 0).unwrap();
+
+				// Place unique immutable data for each contract
+				<ImmutableDataOf<Test>>::insert::<_, ImmutableData>(
+					BOB_ADDR,
+					vec![1].try_into().unwrap(),
+				);
+				<ImmutableDataOf<Test>>::insert::<_, ImmutableData>(
+					CHARLIE_ADDR,
+					vec![2].try_into().unwrap(),
+				);
+
+				MockStack::run_call(
+					origin,
+					BOB_ADDR,
+					&mut GasMeter::<Test>::new(GAS_LIMIT),
+					&mut storage_meter,
+					0,
+					vec![],
+					None,
+				)
+				.unwrap()
+			});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn immutable_data_set_works_only_once() {
+		let dummy_ch = MockLoader::insert(Constructor, move |ctx, _| {
+			// Calling `set_immutable_data` the first time should work
+			assert_ok!(ctx.ext.set_immutable_data(vec![0, 1, 2, 3].try_into().unwrap()));
+			// Calling `set_immutable_data` the second time should error out
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.set_immutable_data(vec![0, 1, 2, 3].try_into().unwrap()),
+				Err(Error::<Test>::InvalidImmutableAccess.into())
+			);
+			exec_success()
+		});
+		let instantiator_ch = MockLoader::insert(Call, {
+			move |ctx, _| {
+				let value = <Test as Config>::Currency::minimum_balance().into();
+				ctx.ext
+					.instantiate(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), dummy_ch, value, vec![], None)
+					.unwrap();
+
+				exec_success()
+			}
+		});
+		ExtBuilder::default()
+			.with_code_hashes(MockLoader::code_hashes())
+			.existential_deposit(15)
+			.build()
+			.execute_with(|| {
+				set_balance(&ALICE, 1000);
+				set_balance(&BOB_CONTRACT_ID, 100);
+				place_contract(&BOB, instantiator_ch);
+				let origin = Origin::from_account_id(ALICE);
+				let mut storage_meter = storage::meter::Meter::new(&origin, 200, 0).unwrap();
+
+				MockStack::run_call(
+					origin,
+					BOB_ADDR,
+					&mut GasMeter::<Test>::new(GAS_LIMIT),
+					&mut storage_meter,
+					0,
+					vec![],
+					None,
+				)
+				.unwrap()
+			});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn immutable_data_set_errors_with_empty_data() {
+		let dummy_ch = MockLoader::insert(Constructor, move |ctx, _| {
+			// Calling `set_immutable_data` with empty data should error out
+			assert_eq!(
+				ctx.ext.set_immutable_data(Default::default()),
+				Err(Error::<Test>::InvalidImmutableAccess.into())
+			);
+			exec_success()
+		});
+		let instantiator_ch = MockLoader::insert(Call, {
+			move |ctx, _| {
+				let value = <Test as Config>::Currency::minimum_balance().into();
+				ctx.ext
+					.instantiate(Weight::zero(), U256::zero(), dummy_ch, value, vec![], None)
+					.unwrap();
+
+				exec_success()
+			}
+		});
+		ExtBuilder::default()
+			.with_code_hashes(MockLoader::code_hashes())
+			.existential_deposit(15)
+			.build()
+			.execute_with(|| {
+				set_balance(&ALICE, 1000);
+				set_balance(&BOB_CONTRACT_ID, 100);
+				place_contract(&BOB, instantiator_ch);
+				let origin = Origin::from_account_id(ALICE);
+				let mut storage_meter = storage::meter::Meter::new(&origin, 200, 0).unwrap();
+
+				MockStack::run_call(
+					origin,
+					BOB_ADDR,
+					&mut GasMeter::<Test>::new(GAS_LIMIT),
+					&mut storage_meter,
+					0,
+					vec![],
+					None,
+				)
+				.unwrap()
+			});
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/gas.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/gas.rs
index 2034f39e9bc535ae0a61b914cbfd28c4f97c84f3..9aad84e69201e4991679f7b1e57590598760415e 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/gas.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/gas.rs
@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@ impl<T: Config> EngineMeter<T> {
 		// We execute 6 different instructions therefore we have to divide the actual
 		// computed gas costs by 6 to have a rough estimate as to how expensive each
 		// single executed instruction is going to be.
-		let instr_cost = T::WeightInfo::instr_i64_load_store(1)
-			.saturating_sub(T::WeightInfo::instr_i64_load_store(0))
-			.ref_time();
+		let instr_cost = T::WeightInfo::instr(1).saturating_sub(T::WeightInfo::instr(0)).ref_time();
 		instr_cost / 6
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/lib.rs
index 114d51c89695e010382306c16b6e6e50474bcd9e..9986da472c9682627e4f112c1f7485620c08081a 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/lib.rs
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ type CodeVec = BoundedVec<u8, ConstU32<{ limits::code::BLOB_BYTES }>>;
 type EventRecordOf<T> =
 	EventRecord<<T as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent, <T as frame_system::Config>::Hash>;
 type DebugBuffer = BoundedVec<u8, ConstU32<{ limits::DEBUG_BUFFER_BYTES }>>;
+type ImmutableData = BoundedVec<u8, ConstU32<{ limits::IMMUTABLE_BYTES }>>;
 
 /// Used as a sentinel value when reading and writing contract memory.
 ///
@@ -532,6 +533,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// The static memory consumption of the blob will be larger than
 		/// [`limits::code::STATIC_MEMORY_BYTES`].
 		StaticMemoryTooLarge,
+		/// The program contains a basic block that is larger than allowed.
+		BasicBlockTooLarge,
+		/// The program contains an invalid instruction.
+		InvalidInstruction,
 		/// The contract has reached its maximum number of delegate dependencies.
 		MaxDelegateDependenciesReached,
 		/// The dependency was not found in the contract's delegate dependencies.
@@ -550,6 +555,9 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		ExecutionFailed,
 		/// Failed to convert a U256 to a Balance.
 		BalanceConversionFailed,
+		/// Immutable data can only be set during deploys and only be read during calls.
+		/// Additionally, it is only valid to set the data once and it must not be empty.
+		InvalidImmutableAccess,
 	}
 
 	/// A reason for the pallet contracts placing a hold on funds.
@@ -573,6 +581,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	pub(crate) type ContractInfoOf<T: Config> = StorageMap<_, Identity, H160, ContractInfo<T>>;
 
+	/// The immutable data associated with a given account.
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	pub(crate) type ImmutableDataOf<T: Config> = StorageMap<_, Identity, H160, ImmutableData>;
+
 	/// Evicted contracts that await child trie deletion.
 	///
 	/// Child trie deletion is a heavy operation depending on the amount of storage items
@@ -665,6 +677,16 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					.hash()
 					.len() as u32;
 
+			let max_immutable_key_size = T::AccountId::max_encoded_len() as u32;
+			let max_immutable_size: u32 = ((max_block_ref_time /
+				(<RuntimeCosts as gas::Token<T>>::weight(&RuntimeCosts::SetImmutableData(
+					limits::IMMUTABLE_BYTES,
+				))
+				.ref_time()))
+			.saturating_mul(limits::IMMUTABLE_BYTES.saturating_add(max_immutable_key_size) as u64))
+			.try_into()
+			.expect("Immutable data size too big");
+
 			// We can use storage to store items using the available block ref_time with the
 			// `set_storage` host function.
 			let max_storage_size: u32 = ((max_block_ref_time /
@@ -674,6 +696,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				})
 				.ref_time()))
 			.saturating_mul(max_payload_size.saturating_add(max_key_size) as u64))
+			.saturating_add(max_immutable_size.into())
 			.try_into()
 			.expect("Storage size too big");
 
@@ -880,7 +903,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// only be instantiated by permissioned entities. The same is true when uploading
 		/// through [`Self::instantiate_with_code`].
 		#[pallet::call_index(3)]
-		#[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::upload_code_determinism_enforced(code.len() as u32))]
+		#[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::upload_code(code.len() as u32))]
 		pub fn upload_code(
 			origin: OriginFor<T>,
 			code: Vec<u8>,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/limits.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/limits.rs
index f712493d3bc86621f9dcfc60b8df2357e7c4a94b..c6d5ef8d8b1b2b6e51c7114233c7bf02e8a6c75f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/limits.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/limits.rs
@@ -65,6 +65,12 @@ pub const DEBUG_BUFFER_BYTES: u32 = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
 /// The page size in which PolkaVM should allocate memory chunks.
 pub const PAGE_SIZE: u32 = 4 * 1024;
 
+/// The maximum amount of immutable bytes a single contract can store.
+///
+/// The current limit of 4kb allows storing up 16 U256 immutable variables.
+/// Which should always be enough because Solidity allows for 16 local (stack) variables.
+pub const IMMUTABLE_BYTES: u32 = 4 * 1024;
+
 /// Limits that are only enforced on code upload.
 ///
 /// # Note
@@ -76,7 +82,6 @@ pub mod code {
 	use super::PAGE_SIZE;
 	use crate::{CodeVec, Config, Error, LOG_TARGET};
 	use alloc::vec::Vec;
-	use frame_support::ensure;
 	use sp_runtime::DispatchError;
 
 	/// The maximum length of a code blob in bytes.
@@ -103,6 +108,13 @@ pub mod code {
 	/// The code is stored multiple times as part of the compiled program.
 	const EXTRA_OVERHEAD_PER_CODE_BYTE: u32 = 4;
 
+	/// The maximum size of a basic block in number of instructions.
+	///
+	/// We need to limit the size of basic blocks because the interpreters lazy compilation
+	/// compiles one basic block at a time. A malicious program could trigger the compilation
+	/// of the whole program by creating one giant basic block otherwise.
+	const BASIC_BLOCK_SIZE: u32 = 1000;
+
 	/// Make sure that the various program parts are within the defined limits.
 	pub fn enforce<T: Config>(blob: Vec<u8>) -> Result<CodeVec, DispatchError> {
 		fn round_page(n: u32) -> u64 {
@@ -117,8 +129,30 @@ pub mod code {
 			Error::<T>::CodeRejected
 		})?;
 
-		// this is O(n) but it allows us to be more precise
-		let num_instructions = program.instructions().count() as u64;
+		// This scans the whole program but we only do it once on code deployment.
+		// It is safe to do unchecked math in u32 because the size of the program
+		// was already checked above.
+		use polkavm_common::program::ISA32_V1_NoSbrk as ISA;
+		let mut num_instructions: u32 = 0;
+		let mut max_basic_block_size: u32 = 0;
+		let mut basic_block_size: u32 = 0;
+		for inst in program.instructions(ISA) {
+			num_instructions += 1;
+			basic_block_size += 1;
+			if inst.kind.opcode().starts_new_basic_block() {
+				max_basic_block_size = max_basic_block_size.max(basic_block_size);
+				basic_block_size = 0;
+			}
+			if matches!(inst.kind, polkavm::program::Instruction::invalid) {
+				log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "invalid instruction at offset {}", inst.offset);
+				return Err(<Error<T>>::InvalidInstruction.into())
+			}
+		}
+
+		if max_basic_block_size > BASIC_BLOCK_SIZE {
+			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "basic block too large: {max_basic_block_size} limit: {BASIC_BLOCK_SIZE}");
+			return Err(Error::<T>::BasicBlockTooLarge.into())
+		}
 
 		// The memory consumptions is the byte size of the whole blob,
 		// minus the RO data payload in the blob,
@@ -133,12 +167,17 @@ pub mod code {
 			.saturating_add(round_page(program.rw_data_size()))
 			.saturating_sub(program.rw_data().len() as u64)
 			.saturating_add(round_page(program.stack_size()))
-			.saturating_add((num_instructions).saturating_mul(BYTES_PER_INSTRUCTION.into()))
+			.saturating_add(
+				u64::from(num_instructions).saturating_mul(BYTES_PER_INSTRUCTION.into()),
+			)
 			.saturating_add(
 				(program.code().len() as u64).saturating_mul(EXTRA_OVERHEAD_PER_CODE_BYTE.into()),
 			);
 
-		ensure!(memory_size <= STATIC_MEMORY_BYTES as u64, <Error<T>>::StaticMemoryTooLarge);
+		if memory_size > STATIC_MEMORY_BYTES.into() {
+			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "static memory too large: {memory_size} limit: {STATIC_MEMORY_BYTES}");
+			return Err(Error::<T>::StaticMemoryTooLarge.into())
+		}
 
 		Ok(blob)
 	}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/storage.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/storage.rs
index ef7ce2db32cff0715bc6c6254b89c8b70168cd3a..db4db3e8eac3eda8b9c955d4f99e043aa9c8ff8d 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/storage.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/storage.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use crate::{
 	storage::meter::Diff,
 	weights::WeightInfo,
 	BalanceOf, CodeInfo, Config, ContractInfoOf, DeletionQueue, DeletionQueueCounter, Error,
-	TrieId, SENTINEL,
+	StorageDeposit, TrieId, SENTINEL,
 };
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ use frame_support::{
 	weights::{Weight, WeightMeter},
 	CloneNoBound, DefaultNoBound,
 };
+use meter::DepositOf;
 use scale_info::TypeInfo;
 use sp_core::{ConstU32, Get, H160};
 use sp_io::KillStorageResult;
@@ -75,6 +76,8 @@ pub struct ContractInfo<T: Config> {
 	/// to the map can not be removed from the chain state and can be safely used for delegate
 	/// calls.
 	delegate_dependencies: DelegateDependencyMap<T>,
+	/// The size of the immutable data of this contract.
+	immutable_data_len: u32,
 }
 
 impl<T: Config> ContractInfo<T> {
@@ -88,7 +91,7 @@ impl<T: Config> ContractInfo<T> {
 		code_hash: sp_core::H256,
 	) -> Result<Self, DispatchError> {
 		if <ContractInfoOf<T>>::contains_key(address) {
-			return Err(Error::<T>::DuplicateContract.into())
+			return Err(Error::<T>::DuplicateContract.into());
 		}
 
 		let trie_id = {
@@ -108,6 +111,7 @@ impl<T: Config> ContractInfo<T> {
 			storage_item_deposit: Zero::zero(),
 			storage_base_deposit: Zero::zero(),
 			delegate_dependencies: Default::default(),
+			immutable_data_len: 0,
 		};
 
 		Ok(contract)
@@ -356,6 +360,35 @@ impl<T: Config> ContractInfo<T> {
 	pub fn load_code_hash(account: &AccountIdOf<T>) -> Option<sp_core::H256> {
 		<ContractInfoOf<T>>::get(&T::AddressMapper::to_address(account)).map(|i| i.code_hash)
 	}
+
+	/// Returns the amount of immutable bytes of this contract.
+	pub fn immutable_data_len(&self) -> u32 {
+		self.immutable_data_len
+	}
+
+	/// Set the number of immutable bytes of this contract.
+	///
+	/// On success, returns the storage deposit to be charged.
+	///
+	/// Returns `Err(InvalidImmutableAccess)` if:
+	/// - The immutable bytes of this contract are not 0. This indicates that the immutable data
+	///   have already been set; it is only valid to set the immutable data exactly once.
+	/// - The provided `immutable_data_len` value was 0; it is invalid to set empty immutable data.
+	pub fn set_immutable_data_len(
+		&mut self,
+		immutable_data_len: u32,
+	) -> Result<DepositOf<T>, DispatchError> {
+		if self.immutable_data_len != 0 || immutable_data_len == 0 {
+			return Err(Error::<T>::InvalidImmutableAccess.into());
+		}
+
+		self.immutable_data_len = immutable_data_len;
+
+		let amount = T::DepositPerByte::get()
+			.saturating_mul(immutable_data_len.into())
+			.saturating_add(T::DepositPerItem::get());
+		Ok(StorageDeposit::Charge(amount))
+	}
 }
 
 /// Information about what happened to the pre-existing value when calling [`ContractInfo::write`].
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/storage/meter.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/storage/meter.rs
index a2ece03f9aaf95d2ca771475bfd9e820a45b40ea..712010bc8257454defa0ad81f466fbddc5822a9a 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/storage/meter.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/storage/meter.rs
@@ -674,6 +674,7 @@ mod tests {
 		items: u32,
 		bytes_deposit: BalanceOf<Test>,
 		items_deposit: BalanceOf<Test>,
+		immutable_data_len: u32,
 	}
 
 	fn new_info(info: StorageInfo) -> ContractInfo<Test> {
@@ -686,6 +687,7 @@ mod tests {
 			storage_item_deposit: info.items_deposit,
 			storage_base_deposit: Default::default(),
 			delegate_dependencies: Default::default(),
+			immutable_data_len: info.immutable_data_len,
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -773,6 +775,7 @@ mod tests {
 				items: 5,
 				bytes_deposit: 100,
 				items_deposit: 10,
+				immutable_data_len: 0,
 			});
 			let mut nested0 = meter.nested(BalanceOf::<Test>::zero());
 			nested0.charge(&Diff {
@@ -788,6 +791,7 @@ mod tests {
 				items: 10,
 				bytes_deposit: 100,
 				items_deposit: 20,
+				immutable_data_len: 0,
 			});
 			let mut nested1 = nested0.nested(BalanceOf::<Test>::zero());
 			nested1.charge(&Diff { items_removed: 5, ..Default::default() });
@@ -798,6 +802,7 @@ mod tests {
 				items: 7,
 				bytes_deposit: 100,
 				items_deposit: 20,
+				immutable_data_len: 0,
 			});
 			let mut nested2 = nested0.nested(BalanceOf::<Test>::zero());
 			nested2.charge(&Diff { items_removed: 7, ..Default::default() });
@@ -867,6 +872,7 @@ mod tests {
 				items: 10,
 				bytes_deposit: 100,
 				items_deposit: 20,
+				immutable_data_len: 0,
 			});
 			let mut nested1 = nested0.nested(BalanceOf::<Test>::zero());
 			nested1.charge(&Diff { items_removed: 5, ..Default::default() });
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/test_utils.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/test_utils.rs
index 671efebdf4bd502de91fb6efe1765096576433d7..92c21297a3ece617175358ef3f95f6d34ba3bff2 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/test_utils.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/test_utils.rs
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ pub const BOB_CONTRACT_ID: AccountId32 = ee_suffix(BOB_ADDR);
 
 pub const CHARLIE: AccountId32 = AccountId32::new([3u8; 32]);
 pub const CHARLIE_ADDR: H160 = H160([3u8; 20]);
+pub const CHARLIE_CONTRACT_ID: AccountId32 = ee_suffix(CHARLIE_ADDR);
 
 pub const DJANGO: AccountId32 = AccountId32::new([4u8; 32]);
 pub const DJANGO_ADDR: H160 = H160([4u8; 20]);
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/tests.rs
index d06cdcfd4654ce79fcbb2f18af448742fa932c2d..4816e65f8f5c3951c91775fbd1726e764ea51ec1 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/tests.rs
@@ -140,9 +140,18 @@ pub mod test_utils {
 	pub fn contract_info_storage_deposit(addr: &H160) -> BalanceOf<Test> {
 		let contract_info = self::get_contract(&addr);
 		let info_size = contract_info.encoded_size() as u64;
-		DepositPerByte::get()
+		let info_deposit = DepositPerByte::get()
 			.saturating_mul(info_size)
-			.saturating_add(DepositPerItem::get())
+			.saturating_add(DepositPerItem::get());
+		let immutable_size = contract_info.immutable_data_len() as u64;
+		if immutable_size > 0 {
+			let immutable_deposit = DepositPerByte::get()
+				.saturating_mul(immutable_size)
+				.saturating_add(DepositPerItem::get());
+			info_deposit.saturating_add(immutable_deposit)
+		} else {
+			info_deposit
+		}
 	}
 	pub fn expected_deposit(code_len: usize) -> u64 {
 		// For code_info, the deposit for max_encoded_len is taken.
@@ -3530,8 +3539,11 @@ mod run_tests {
 			// Set enough deposit limit for the child instantiate. This should succeed.
 			let result = builder::bare_call(addr_caller)
 				.origin(RuntimeOrigin::signed(BOB))
-				.storage_deposit_limit(callee_info_len + 2 + ED + 4)
-				.data((1u32, &code_hash_callee, U256::from(callee_info_len + 2 + ED + 3)).encode())
+				.storage_deposit_limit(callee_info_len + 2 + ED + 4 + 2)
+				.data(
+					(1u32, &code_hash_callee, U256::from(callee_info_len + 2 + ED + 3 + 2))
+						.encode(),
+				)
 				.build();
 
 			let returned = result.result.unwrap();
@@ -3548,6 +3560,7 @@ mod run_tests {
 			//  - callee instantiation deposit = (callee_info_len + 2)
 			//  - callee account ED
 			//  - for writing an item of 1 byte to storage = 3 Balance
+			//  - Immutable data storage item deposit
 			assert_eq!(
 				<Test as Config>::Currency::free_balance(&BOB),
 				1_000_000 - (callee_info_len + 2 + ED + 3)
@@ -4325,4 +4338,108 @@ mod run_tests {
 			assert_eq!(received.result.data, chain_id.encode());
 		});
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn return_data_api_works() {
+		let (code_return_data_api, _) = compile_module("return_data_api").unwrap();
+		let (code_return_with_data, hash_return_with_data) =
+			compile_module("return_with_data").unwrap();
+
+		ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(100).build().execute_with(|| {
+			let _ = <Test as Config>::Currency::set_balance(&ALICE, 1_000_000);
+
+			// Upload the io echoing fixture for later use
+			assert_ok!(Contracts::upload_code(
+				RuntimeOrigin::signed(ALICE),
+				code_return_with_data,
+				deposit_limit::<Test>(),
+			));
+
+			// Create fixture: Constructor does nothing
+			let Contract { addr, .. } =
+				builder::bare_instantiate(Code::Upload(code_return_data_api))
+					.build_and_unwrap_contract();
+
+			// Call the contract: It will issue calls and deploys, asserting on
+			assert_ok!(builder::call(addr)
+				.value(10 * 1024)
+				.data(hash_return_with_data.encode())
+				.build());
+		});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn immutable_data_works() {
+		let (code, _) = compile_module("immutable_data").unwrap();
+
+		ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(100).build().execute_with(|| {
+			let _ = <Test as Config>::Currency::set_balance(&ALICE, 1_000_000);
+
+			let data = [0xfe; 8];
+
+			// Create fixture: Constructor sets the immtuable data
+			let Contract { addr, .. } = builder::bare_instantiate(Code::Upload(code))
+				.data(data.to_vec())
+				.build_and_unwrap_contract();
+
+			// Storing immmutable data charges storage deposit; verify it explicitly.
+			assert_eq!(
+				test_utils::get_balance_on_hold(
+					&HoldReason::StorageDepositReserve.into(),
+					&<Test as Config>::AddressMapper::to_account_id(&addr)
+				),
+				test_utils::contract_info_storage_deposit(&addr)
+			);
+			assert_eq!(test_utils::get_contract(&addr).immutable_data_len(), data.len() as u32);
+
+			// Call the contract: Asserts the input to equal the immutable data
+			assert_ok!(builder::call(addr).data(data.to_vec()).build());
+		});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn sbrk_cannot_be_deployed() {
+		let (code, _) = compile_module("sbrk").unwrap();
+
+		ExtBuilder::default().build().execute_with(|| {
+			let _ = Balances::set_balance(&ALICE, 1_000_000);
+
+			assert_err!(
+				Contracts::upload_code(
+					RuntimeOrigin::signed(ALICE),
+					code.clone(),
+					deposit_limit::<Test>(),
+				),
+				<Error<Test>>::InvalidInstruction
+			);
+
+			assert_err!(
+				builder::bare_instantiate(Code::Upload(code)).build().result,
+				<Error<Test>>::InvalidInstruction
+			);
+		});
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn overweight_basic_block_cannot_be_deployed() {
+		let (code, _) = compile_module("basic_block").unwrap();
+
+		ExtBuilder::default().build().execute_with(|| {
+			let _ = Balances::set_balance(&ALICE, 1_000_000);
+
+			assert_err!(
+				Contracts::upload_code(
+					RuntimeOrigin::signed(ALICE),
+					code.clone(),
+					deposit_limit::<Test>(),
+				),
+				<Error<Test>>::BasicBlockTooLarge
+			);
+
+			assert_err!(
+				builder::bare_instantiate(Code::Upload(code)).build().result,
+				<Error<Test>>::BasicBlockTooLarge
+			);
+		});
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/wasm/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/wasm/mod.rs
index cd274873975da6e43b94f0e1665260d6aa59f2c3..e2256d7dcea77a384268c054803ab92f24c41de0 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/wasm/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/wasm/mod.rs
@@ -291,6 +291,7 @@ impl<T: Config> WasmBlob<T> {
 		let mut module_config = polkavm::ModuleConfig::new();
 		module_config.set_page_size(limits::PAGE_SIZE);
 		module_config.set_gas_metering(Some(polkavm::GasMeteringKind::Sync));
+		module_config.set_allow_sbrk(false);
 		let module = polkavm::Module::new(&engine, &module_config, self.code.into_inner().into())
 			.map_err(|err| {
 			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "failed to create polkavm module: {err:?}");
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/wasm/runtime.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/wasm/runtime.rs
index ebc407adacd2b3e9b2110996ecc80d92fd89448c..245c91278a7f80343f592a8f7dec152ae12094db 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/wasm/runtime.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/wasm/runtime.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use alloc::{boxed::Box, vec, vec::Vec};
 use codec::{Decode, DecodeLimit, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
-use core::{fmt, marker::PhantomData};
+use core::{fmt, marker::PhantomData, mem};
 use frame_support::{
 	dispatch::DispatchInfo, ensure, pallet_prelude::DispatchResultWithPostInfo, parameter_types,
 	traits::Get, weights::Weight,
@@ -46,9 +46,7 @@ const MAX_DECODE_NESTING: u32 = 256;
 
 /// Encode a `U256` into a 32 byte buffer.
 fn as_bytes(u: U256) -> [u8; 32] {
-	let mut bytes = [0u8; 32];
-	u.to_little_endian(&mut bytes);
-	bytes
+	u.to_little_endian()
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
@@ -237,8 +235,8 @@ parameter_types! {
 	const XcmExecutionFailed: ReturnErrorCode = ReturnErrorCode::XcmExecutionFailed;
 }
 
-impl From<ExecReturnValue> for ReturnErrorCode {
-	fn from(from: ExecReturnValue) -> Self {
+impl From<&ExecReturnValue> for ReturnErrorCode {
+	fn from(from: &ExecReturnValue) -> Self {
 		if from.flags.contains(ReturnFlags::REVERT) {
 			Self::CalleeReverted
 		} else {
@@ -310,8 +308,8 @@ pub enum RuntimeCosts {
 	CallerIsRoot,
 	/// Weight of calling `seal_address`.
 	Address,
-	/// Weight of calling `seal_gas_left`.
-	GasLeft,
+	/// Weight of calling `seal_weight_left`.
+	WeightLeft,
 	/// Weight of calling `seal_balance`.
 	Balance,
 	/// Weight of calling `seal_balance_of`.
@@ -390,6 +388,10 @@ pub enum RuntimeCosts {
 	LockDelegateDependency,
 	/// Weight of calling `unlock_delegate_dependency`
 	UnlockDelegateDependency,
+	/// Weight of calling `get_immutable_dependency`
+	GetImmutableData(u32),
+	/// Weight of calling `set_immutable_dependency`
+	SetImmutableData(u32),
 }
 
 /// For functions that modify storage, benchmarks are performed with one item in the
@@ -457,7 +459,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Token<T> for RuntimeCosts {
 			CallerIsOrigin => T::WeightInfo::seal_caller_is_origin(),
 			CallerIsRoot => T::WeightInfo::seal_caller_is_root(),
 			Address => T::WeightInfo::seal_address(),
-			GasLeft => T::WeightInfo::seal_gas_left(),
+			WeightLeft => T::WeightInfo::seal_weight_left(),
 			Balance => T::WeightInfo::seal_balance(),
 			BalanceOf => T::WeightInfo::seal_balance_of(),
 			ValueTransferred => T::WeightInfo::seal_value_transferred(),
@@ -507,6 +509,8 @@ impl<T: Config> Token<T> for RuntimeCosts {
 			EcdsaToEthAddress => T::WeightInfo::seal_ecdsa_to_eth_address(),
 			LockDelegateDependency => T::WeightInfo::lock_delegate_dependency(),
 			UnlockDelegateDependency => T::WeightInfo::unlock_delegate_dependency(),
+			GetImmutableData(len) => T::WeightInfo::seal_get_immutable_data(len),
+			SetImmutableData(len) => T::WeightInfo::seal_set_immutable_data(len),
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -769,20 +773,16 @@ impl<'a, E: Ext, M: ?Sized + Memory<E::T>> Runtime<'a, E, M> {
 		}
 	}
 
-	/// Fallible conversion of a `ExecResult` to `ReturnErrorCode`.
-	fn exec_into_return_code(from: ExecResult) -> Result<ReturnErrorCode, DispatchError> {
+	/// Fallible conversion of a `ExecError` to `ReturnErrorCode`.
+	fn exec_error_into_return_code(from: ExecError) -> Result<ReturnErrorCode, DispatchError> {
 		use crate::exec::ErrorOrigin::Callee;
 
-		let ExecError { error, origin } = match from {
-			Ok(retval) => return Ok(retval.into()),
-			Err(err) => err,
-		};
-
-		match (error, origin) {
+		match (from.error, from.origin) {
 			(_, Callee) => Ok(ReturnErrorCode::CalleeTrapped),
 			(err, _) => Self::err_into_return_code(err),
 		}
 	}
+
 	fn decode_key(&self, memory: &M, key_ptr: u32, key_len: u32) -> Result<Key, TrapReason> {
 		let res = match key_len {
 			SENTINEL => {
@@ -1036,28 +1036,32 @@ impl<'a, E: Ext, M: ?Sized + Memory<E::T>> Runtime<'a, E, M> {
 			},
 		};
 
-		// `TAIL_CALL` only matters on an `OK` result. Otherwise the call stack comes to
-		// a halt anyways without anymore code being executed.
-		if flags.contains(CallFlags::TAIL_CALL) {
-			if let Ok(return_value) = call_outcome {
+		match call_outcome {
+			// `TAIL_CALL` only matters on an `OK` result. Otherwise the call stack comes to
+			// a halt anyways without anymore code being executed.
+			Ok(_) if flags.contains(CallFlags::TAIL_CALL) => {
+				let output = mem::take(self.ext.last_frame_output_mut());
 				return Err(TrapReason::Return(ReturnData {
-					flags: return_value.flags.bits(),
-					data: return_value.data,
+					flags: output.flags.bits(),
+					data: output.data,
 				}));
-			}
-		}
-
-		if let Ok(output) = &call_outcome {
-			self.write_sandbox_output(
-				memory,
-				output_ptr,
-				output_len_ptr,
-				&output.data,
-				true,
-				|len| Some(RuntimeCosts::CopyToContract(len)),
-			)?;
+			},
+			Ok(_) => {
+				let output = mem::take(self.ext.last_frame_output_mut());
+				let write_result = self.write_sandbox_output(
+					memory,
+					output_ptr,
+					output_len_ptr,
+					&output.data,
+					true,
+					|len| Some(RuntimeCosts::CopyToContract(len)),
+				);
+				*self.ext.last_frame_output_mut() = output;
+				write_result?;
+				Ok(self.ext.last_frame_output().into())
+			},
+			Err(err) => Ok(Self::exec_error_into_return_code(err)?),
 		}
-		Ok(Self::exec_into_return_code(call_outcome)?)
 	}
 
 	fn instantiate(
@@ -1086,34 +1090,40 @@ impl<'a, E: Ext, M: ?Sized + Memory<E::T>> Runtime<'a, E, M> {
 			let salt: [u8; 32] = memory.read_array(salt_ptr)?;
 			Some(salt)
 		};
-		let instantiate_outcome = self.ext.instantiate(
+
+		match self.ext.instantiate(
 			weight,
 			deposit_limit,
 			code_hash,
 			value,
 			input_data,
 			salt.as_ref(),
-		);
-		if let Ok((address, output)) = &instantiate_outcome {
-			if !output.flags.contains(ReturnFlags::REVERT) {
-				self.write_fixed_sandbox_output(
+		) {
+			Ok(address) => {
+				if !self.ext.last_frame_output().flags.contains(ReturnFlags::REVERT) {
+					self.write_fixed_sandbox_output(
+						memory,
+						address_ptr,
+						&address.as_bytes(),
+						true,
+						already_charged,
+					)?;
+				}
+				let output = mem::take(self.ext.last_frame_output_mut());
+				let write_result = self.write_sandbox_output(
 					memory,
-					address_ptr,
-					&address.as_bytes(),
+					output_ptr,
+					output_len_ptr,
+					&output.data,
 					true,
-					already_charged,
-				)?;
-			}
-			self.write_sandbox_output(
-				memory,
-				output_ptr,
-				output_len_ptr,
-				&output.data,
-				true,
-				|len| Some(RuntimeCosts::CopyToContract(len)),
-			)?;
+					|len| Some(RuntimeCosts::CopyToContract(len)),
+				);
+				*self.ext.last_frame_output_mut() = output;
+				write_result?;
+				Ok(self.ext.last_frame_output().into())
+			},
+			Err(err) => Ok(Self::exec_error_into_return_code(err)?),
 		}
-		Ok(Self::exec_into_return_code(instantiate_outcome.map(|(_, retval)| retval))?)
 	}
 
 	fn terminate(&mut self, memory: &M, beneficiary_ptr: u32) -> Result<(), TrapReason> {
@@ -1495,7 +1505,7 @@ pub mod env {
 		out_ptr: u32,
 		out_len_ptr: u32,
 	) -> Result<(), TrapReason> {
-		self.charge_gas(RuntimeCosts::GasLeft)?;
+		self.charge_gas(RuntimeCosts::WeightLeft)?;
 		let gas_left = &self.ext.gas_meter().gas_left().encode();
 		Ok(self.write_sandbox_output(
 			memory,
@@ -1507,6 +1517,36 @@ pub mod env {
 		)?)
 	}
 
+	/// Stores the immutable data into the supplied buffer.
+	/// See [`pallet_revive_uapi::HostFn::get_immutable_data`].
+	#[api_version(0)]
+	fn get_immutable_data(
+		&mut self,
+		memory: &mut M,
+		out_ptr: u32,
+		out_len_ptr: u32,
+	) -> Result<(), TrapReason> {
+		let charged = self.charge_gas(RuntimeCosts::GetImmutableData(limits::IMMUTABLE_BYTES))?;
+		let data = self.ext.get_immutable_data()?;
+		self.adjust_gas(charged, RuntimeCosts::GetImmutableData(data.len() as u32));
+		self.write_sandbox_output(memory, out_ptr, out_len_ptr, &data, false, already_charged)?;
+		Ok(())
+	}
+
+	/// Attaches the supplied immutable data to the currently executing contract.
+	/// See [`pallet_revive_uapi::HostFn::set_immutable_data`].
+	#[api_version(0)]
+	fn set_immutable_data(&mut self, memory: &mut M, ptr: u32, len: u32) -> Result<(), TrapReason> {
+		if len > limits::IMMUTABLE_BYTES {
+			return Err(Error::<E::T>::OutOfBounds.into());
+		}
+		self.charge_gas(RuntimeCosts::SetImmutableData(len))?;
+		let buf = memory.read(ptr, len)?;
+		let data = buf.try_into().expect("bailed out earlier; qed");
+		self.ext.set_immutable_data(data)?;
+		Ok(())
+	}
+
 	/// Stores the *free* balance of the current account into the supplied buffer.
 	/// See [`pallet_revive_uapi::HostFn::balance`].
 	#[api_version(0)]
@@ -1924,7 +1964,9 @@ pub mod env {
 
 	/// Replace the contract code at the specified address with new code.
 	/// See [`pallet_revive_uapi::HostFn::set_code_hash`].
-	#[api_version(0)]
+	///
+	/// Disabled until the internal implementation takes care of collecting
+	/// the immutable data of the new code hash.
 	#[mutating]
 	fn set_code_hash(
 		&mut self,
@@ -1993,4 +2035,44 @@ pub mod env {
 		self.ext.unlock_delegate_dependency(&code_hash)?;
 		Ok(())
 	}
+
+	/// Stores the length of the data returned by the last call into the supplied buffer.
+	/// See [`pallet_revive_uapi::HostFn::return_data_size`].
+	#[api_version(0)]
+	fn return_data_size(&mut self, memory: &mut M, out_ptr: u32) -> Result<(), TrapReason> {
+		Ok(self.write_fixed_sandbox_output(
+			memory,
+			out_ptr,
+			&as_bytes(U256::from(self.ext.last_frame_output().data.len())),
+			false,
+			|len| Some(RuntimeCosts::CopyToContract(len)),
+		)?)
+	}
+
+	/// Stores data returned by the last call, starting from `offset`, into the supplied buffer.
+	/// See [`pallet_revive_uapi::HostFn::return_data`].
+	#[api_version(0)]
+	fn return_data_copy(
+		&mut self,
+		memory: &mut M,
+		out_ptr: u32,
+		out_len_ptr: u32,
+		offset: u32,
+	) -> Result<(), TrapReason> {
+		let output = mem::take(self.ext.last_frame_output_mut());
+		let result = if offset as usize > output.data.len() {
+			Err(Error::<E::T>::OutOfBounds.into())
+		} else {
+			self.write_sandbox_output(
+				memory,
+				out_ptr,
+				out_len_ptr,
+				&output.data[offset as usize..],
+				false,
+				|len| Some(RuntimeCosts::CopyToContract(len)),
+			)
+		};
+		*self.ext.last_frame_output_mut() = output;
+		Ok(result?)
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/src/weights.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/src/weights.rs
index b66c28bdf7d86b12f77845f051134185276ee3a5..9a1b2310b4eb98c3b3e9c7206c5e60414b6ea471 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/src/weights.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/src/weights.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 //! Autogenerated weights for `pallet_revive`
 //!
 //! THIS FILE WAS AUTO-GENERATED USING THE SUBSTRATE BENCHMARK CLI VERSION 32.0.0
-//! DATE: 2024-07-17, STEPS: `50`, REPEAT: `20`, LOW RANGE: `[]`, HIGH RANGE: `[]`
+//! DATE: 2024-10-06, STEPS: `50`, REPEAT: `20`, LOW RANGE: `[]`, HIGH RANGE: `[]`
 //! WORST CASE MAP SIZE: `1000000`
-//! HOSTNAME: `runner-yaoqqom-project-674-concurrent-0`, CPU: `Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU @ 2.60GHz`
+//! HOSTNAME: `runner-jniz7bxx-project-674-concurrent-0`, CPU: `Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU @ 2.60GHz`
 //! WASM-EXECUTION: `Compiled`, CHAIN: `Some("dev")`, DB CACHE: `1024`
 
 // Executed Command:
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 // --pallet=pallet_revive
 // --chain=dev
 // --header=./substrate/HEADER-APACHE2
-// --output=./substrate/frame/contracts/src/weights.rs
+// --output=./substrate/frame/revive/src/weights.rs
 // --template=./substrate/.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs
 
 #![cfg_attr(rustfmt, rustfmt_skip)]
@@ -52,11 +52,10 @@ pub trait WeightInfo {
 	fn on_process_deletion_queue_batch() -> Weight;
 	fn on_initialize_per_trie_key(k: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn call_with_code_per_byte(c: u32, ) -> Weight;
-	fn instantiate_with_code(c: u32, i: u32) -> Weight;
-	fn instantiate(i: u32) -> Weight;
+	fn instantiate_with_code(c: u32, i: u32, ) -> Weight;
+	fn instantiate(i: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn call() -> Weight;
-	fn upload_code_determinism_enforced(c: u32, ) -> Weight;
-	fn upload_code_determinism_relaxed(c: u32, ) -> Weight;
+	fn upload_code(c: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn remove_code() -> Weight;
 	fn set_code() -> Weight;
 	fn noop_host_fn(r: u32, ) -> Weight;
@@ -67,9 +66,11 @@ pub trait WeightInfo {
 	fn seal_caller_is_origin() -> Weight;
 	fn seal_caller_is_root() -> Weight;
 	fn seal_address() -> Weight;
-	fn seal_gas_left() -> Weight;
+	fn seal_weight_left() -> Weight;
 	fn seal_balance() -> Weight;
 	fn seal_balance_of() -> Weight;
+	fn seal_get_immutable_data(n: u32, ) -> Weight;
+	fn seal_set_immutable_data(n: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn seal_value_transferred() -> Weight;
 	fn seal_minimum_balance() -> Weight;
 	fn seal_block_number() -> Weight;
@@ -78,7 +79,6 @@ pub trait WeightInfo {
 	fn seal_input(n: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn seal_return(n: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn seal_terminate(n: u32, ) -> Weight;
-	fn seal_random() -> Weight;
 	fn seal_deposit_event(t: u32, n: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn seal_debug_message(i: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn get_storage_empty() -> Weight;
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ pub trait WeightInfo {
 	fn seal_transfer() -> Weight;
 	fn seal_call(t: u32, i: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn seal_delegate_call() -> Weight;
-	fn seal_instantiate(i: u32) -> Weight;
+	fn seal_instantiate(i: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn seal_hash_sha2_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn seal_hash_keccak_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight;
 	fn seal_hash_blake2_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight;
@@ -114,23 +114,20 @@ pub trait WeightInfo {
 	fn seal_set_code_hash() -> Weight;
 	fn lock_delegate_dependency() -> Weight;
 	fn unlock_delegate_dependency() -> Weight;
-	fn seal_reentrance_count() -> Weight;
-	fn seal_account_reentrance_count() -> Weight;
-	fn seal_instantiation_nonce() -> Weight;
-	fn instr_i64_load_store(r: u32, ) -> Weight;
+	fn instr(r: u32, ) -> Weight;
 }
 
 /// Weights for `pallet_revive` using the Substrate node and recommended hardware.
 pub struct SubstrateWeight<T>(PhantomData<T>);
 impl<T: frame_system::Config> WeightInfo for SubstrateWeight<T> {
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::DeletionQueueCounter` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::DeletionQueueCounter` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::DeletionQueueCounter` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::DeletionQueueCounter` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn on_process_deletion_queue_batch() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `142`
-		//  Estimated: `1627`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_915_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_986_000, 1627)
+		//  Measured:  `109`
+		//  Estimated: `1594`
+		// Minimum execution time: 2_712_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_882_000, 1594)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
@@ -138,197 +135,150 @@ impl<T: frame_system::Config> WeightInfo for SubstrateWeight<T> {
 	/// The range of component `k` is `[0, 1024]`.
 	fn on_initialize_per_trie_key(k: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `452 + k * (69 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `442 + k * (70 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 11_103_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(11_326_000, 442)
-			// Standard Error: 2_291
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_196_329, 0).saturating_mul(k.into()))
+		//  Measured:  `392 + k * (69 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `382 + k * (70 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 13_394_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(13_668_000, 382)
+			// Standard Error: 2_208
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_340_842, 0).saturating_mul(k.into()))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads((1_u64).saturating_mul(k.into())))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes((1_u64).saturating_mul(k.into())))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 70).saturating_mul(k.into()))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Timestamp::Now` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Timestamp::Now` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 125952]`.
+	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn call_with_code_per_byte(c: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `800 + c * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `4266 + c * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 247_545_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(268_016_699, 4266)
-			// Standard Error: 4
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(700, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(6_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `1466`
+		//  Estimated: `4931`
+		// Minimum execution time: 80_390_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(83_627_295, 4931)
+			// Standard Error: 0
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(5_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2_u64))
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(c.into()))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::Nonce` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::Nonce` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(337), added: 2812, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Timestamp::Now` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Timestamp::Now` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 125952]`.
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 1048576]`.
-	/// The range of component `s` is `[0, 1048576]`.
-	fn instantiate_with_code(c: u32, i: u32) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `323`
-		//  Estimated: `6262`
-		// Minimum execution time: 4_396_772_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(235_107_907, 6262)
-			// Standard Error: 185
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(53_843, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 22
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(2_143, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 22
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(8_u64))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(7_u64))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::Nonce` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::Nonce` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	fn instantiate_with_code(_c: u32, i: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `303`
+		//  Estimated: `6232`
+		// Minimum execution time: 184_708_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(177_995_416, 6232)
+			// Standard Error: 11
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(4_609, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(6_u64))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(6_u64))
+	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Timestamp::Now` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Timestamp::Now` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 1048576]`.
-	/// The range of component `s` is `[0, 1048576]`.
-	fn instantiate(i: u32) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `560`
-		//  Estimated: `4017`
-		// Minimum execution time: 2_240_868_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_273_668_000, 4017)
-			// Standard Error: 32
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(934, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 32
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(8_u64))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(5_u64))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(337), added: 2812, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	fn instantiate(i: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `1261`
+		//  Estimated: `4706`
+		// Minimum execution time: 150_137_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(136_548_469, 4706)
+			// Standard Error: 16
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(4_531, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(6_u64))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(4_u64))
+	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Timestamp::Now` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Timestamp::Now` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn call() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `826`
-		//  Estimated: `4291`
-		// Minimum execution time: 165_067_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(168_582_000, 4291)
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(6_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `1466`
+		//  Estimated: `4931`
+		// Minimum execution time: 83_178_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(84_633_000, 4931)
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(5_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(2_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 125952]`.
-	fn upload_code_determinism_enforced(c: u32, ) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `142`
-		//  Estimated: `3607`
-		// Minimum execution time: 229_454_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(251_495_551, 3607)
-			// Standard Error: 71
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(51_428, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 125952]`.
-	fn upload_code_determinism_relaxed(c: u32, ) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `142`
-		//  Estimated: `3607`
-		// Minimum execution time: 240_390_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(273_854_266, 3607)
-			// Standard Error: 243
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(51_836, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
+	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(337), added: 2812, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	fn upload_code(_c: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `109`
+		//  Estimated: `3574`
+		// Minimum execution time: 51_526_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(54_565_973, 3574)
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(337), added: 2812, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn remove_code() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `315`
-		//  Estimated: `3780`
-		// Minimum execution time: 39_374_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(40_247_000, 3780)
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `285`
+		//  Estimated: `3750`
+		// Minimum execution time: 41_885_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(42_467_000, 3750)
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:2 w:2)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn set_code() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `552`
-		//  Estimated: `6492`
-		// Minimum execution time: 24_473_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(25_890_000, 6492)
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `492`
+		//  Estimated: `6432`
+		// Minimum execution time: 24_905_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(25_483_000, 6432)
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
 	}
 	/// The range of component `r` is `[0, 1600]`.
@@ -336,79 +286,79 @@ impl<T: frame_system::Config> WeightInfo for SubstrateWeight<T> {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 8_528_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(9_301_010, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 98
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(53_173, 0).saturating_mul(r.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 6_979_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(8_272_348, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 137
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(172_489, 0).saturating_mul(r.into()))
 	}
 	fn seal_caller() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 643_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(678_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 251_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(318_000, 0)
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn seal_is_contract() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `354`
-		//  Estimated: `3819`
-		// Minimum execution time: 6_107_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(6_235_000, 3819)
+		//  Measured:  `272`
+		//  Estimated: `3737`
+		// Minimum execution time: 6_966_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(7_240_000, 3737)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn seal_code_hash() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `447`
-		//  Estimated: `3912`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_316_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(7_653_000, 3912)
+		//  Measured:  `369`
+		//  Estimated: `3834`
+		// Minimum execution time: 7_589_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(7_958_000, 3834)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
 	fn seal_own_code_hash() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 721_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(764_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 235_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(285_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_caller_is_origin() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 369_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(417_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 283_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(326_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_caller_is_root() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 318_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(349_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 266_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(298_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_address() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 590_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(628_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 240_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(290_000, 0)
 	}
-	fn seal_gas_left() -> Weight {
+	fn seal_weight_left() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 660_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(730_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 651_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(714_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_balance() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `140`
+		//  Measured:  `103`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 4_361_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(4_577_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 4_476_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_671_000, 0)
 	}
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
@@ -416,37 +366,64 @@ impl<T: frame_system::Config> WeightInfo for SubstrateWeight<T> {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `52`
 		//  Estimated: `3517`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_751_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_874_000, 3517)
+		// Minimum execution time: 3_800_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(3_968_000, 3517)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(4118), added: 6593, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[1, 4096]`.
+	fn seal_get_immutable_data(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `205 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `3670 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 5_845_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(6_473_478, 3670)
+			// Standard Error: 4
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(651, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(4118), added: 6593, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[1, 4096]`.
+	fn seal_set_immutable_data(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `0`
+		//  Estimated: `0`
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_980_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_324_567, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(512, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
+	}
 	fn seal_value_transferred() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 560_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(603_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 259_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(285_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_minimum_balance() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 561_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(610_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 244_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(291_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_block_number() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 557_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(583_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 252_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(291_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_now() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 550_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(602_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 245_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(277_000, 0)
 	}
 	/// Storage: `TransactionPayment::NextFeeMultiplier` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `TransactionPayment::NextFeeMultiplier` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(16), added: 511, mode: `Measured`)
@@ -454,117 +431,104 @@ impl<T: frame_system::Config> WeightInfo for SubstrateWeight<T> {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `67`
 		//  Estimated: `1552`
-		// Minimum execution time: 4_065_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(4_291_000, 1552)
+		// Minimum execution time: 5_650_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(5_783_000, 1552)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048572]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262140]`.
 	fn seal_input(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 487_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(517_000, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 3
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(301, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 427_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(351_577, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 0
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(114, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048572]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262140]`.
 	fn seal_return(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 318_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(372_000, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 10
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(411, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::DeletionQueueCounter` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::DeletionQueueCounter` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:33 w:33)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::DeletionQueue` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::DeletionQueue` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(142), added: 2617, mode: `Measured`)
+		// Minimum execution time: 265_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(746_316, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 0
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(202, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::DeletionQueueCounter` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::DeletionQueueCounter` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:33 w:33)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::DeletionQueue` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::DeletionQueue` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(142), added: 2617, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(4118), added: 6593, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 32]`.
 	fn seal_terminate(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `319 + n * (78 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `3784 + n * (2553 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 13_251_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(15_257_892, 3784)
-			// Standard Error: 7_089
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(3_443_907, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Measured:  `272 + n * (88 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `3737 + n * (2563 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 15_988_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(18_796_705, 3737)
+			// Standard Error: 10_437
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(4_338_085, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads((1_u64).saturating_mul(n.into())))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(4_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes((1_u64).saturating_mul(n.into())))
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 2553).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `RandomnessCollectiveFlip::RandomMaterial` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `RandomnessCollectiveFlip::RandomMaterial` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(2594), added: 3089, mode: `Measured`)
-	fn seal_random() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `76`
-		//  Estimated: `1561`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_434_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_605_000, 1561)
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 2563).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `System::EventTopics` (r:4 w:4)
-	/// Proof: `System::EventTopics` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// The range of component `t` is `[0, 4]`.
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_deposit_event(t: u32, n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
-		//  Estimated: `990 + t * (2475 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_668_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_999_591, 990)
-			// Standard Error: 5_767
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(2_011_090, 0).saturating_mul(t.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(12, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads((1_u64).saturating_mul(t.into())))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes((1_u64).saturating_mul(t.into())))
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 2475).saturating_mul(t.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `0`
+		// Minimum execution time: 4_237_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_128_112, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 2_947
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(198_825, 0).saturating_mul(t.into()))
+			// Standard Error: 26
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_007, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_debug_message(i: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 443_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(472_000, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 10
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_207, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 292_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_297_376, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 1
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(724, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn get_storage_empty() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `16618`
-		//  Estimated: `16618`
-		// Minimum execution time: 13_752_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(14_356_000, 16618)
+		//  Measured:  `744`
+		//  Estimated: `744`
+		// Minimum execution time: 7_812_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(8_171_000, 744)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn get_storage_full() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `26628`
-		//  Estimated: `26628`
-		// Minimum execution time: 43_444_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(45_087_000, 26628)
+		//  Measured:  `10754`
+		//  Estimated: `10754`
+		// Minimum execution time: 44_179_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(45_068_000, 10754)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn set_storage_empty() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `16618`
-		//  Estimated: `16618`
-		// Minimum execution time: 15_616_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(16_010_000, 16618)
+		//  Measured:  `744`
+		//  Estimated: `744`
+		// Minimum execution time: 8_964_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_336_000, 744)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
@@ -572,85 +536,85 @@ impl<T: frame_system::Config> WeightInfo for SubstrateWeight<T> {
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn set_storage_full() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `26628`
-		//  Estimated: `26628`
-		// Minimum execution time: 47_020_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(50_152_000, 26628)
+		//  Measured:  `10754`
+		//  Estimated: `10754`
+		// Minimum execution time: 45_606_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(47_190_000, 10754)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
-	/// The range of component `o` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
+	/// The range of component `o` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_set_storage(n: u32, o: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `250 + o * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `249 + o * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 8_824_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_915_233, 249)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(255, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(39, 0).saturating_mul(o.into()))
+		//  Measured:  `248 + o * (1 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `247 + o * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 9_077_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_823_489, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 54
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(392, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+			// Standard Error: 54
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(408, 0).saturating_mul(o.into()))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(o.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_clear_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_133_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(7_912_778, 248)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(88, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `247 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 8_812_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_626_925, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 77
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(269, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_get_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 6_746_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(7_647_236, 248)
-			// Standard Error: 2
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(603, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `247 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 8_143_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_229_363, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 77
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_198, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_contains_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 6_247_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(6_952_661, 248)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(77, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `247 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 7_899_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(8_591_860, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 56
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(461, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_take_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_428_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_384_015, 248)
-			// Standard Error: 2
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(625, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `247 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 9_215_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(10_198_528, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 75
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_521, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
@@ -659,302 +623,270 @@ impl<T: frame_system::Config> WeightInfo for SubstrateWeight<T> {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_478_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_533_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_406_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_515_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn set_transient_storage_full() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 2_485_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_728_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_782_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_890_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn get_transient_storage_empty() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_195_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_811_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_380_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_422_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn get_transient_storage_full() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_902_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(4_118_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_504_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_583_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn rollback_transient_storage() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_571_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_662_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_045_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_138_000, 0)
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
-	/// The range of component `o` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
+	/// The range of component `o` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_set_transient_storage(n: u32, o: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 5_250_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_465_568, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(201, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(223, 0).saturating_mul(o.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 2_039_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_317_406, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 13
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(283, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+			// Standard Error: 13
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(347, 0).saturating_mul(o.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_clear_transient_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 2_012_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_288_004, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 3
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(239, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_880_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_251_392, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 17
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(313, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_get_transient_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_906_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_121_040, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(225, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_763_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_951_912, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 13
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(268, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_contains_transient_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_736_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_954_728, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(111, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_536_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_779_085, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 14
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(148, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
-	fn seal_take_transient_storage(_n: u32, ) -> Weight {
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
+	fn seal_take_transient_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_872_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_125_644, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 2_343_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_587_750, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 22
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(30, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	fn seal_transfer() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `140`
+		//  Measured:  `103`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 8_489_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_791_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 9_250_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_637_000, 0)
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// The range of component `t` is `[0, 1]`.
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_call(t: u32, i: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `620 + t * (280 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `4085 + t * (2182 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 122_759_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(120_016_020, 4085)
-			// Standard Error: 173_118
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(42_848_338, 0).saturating_mul(t.into()))
+		//  Measured:  `1221 + t * (103 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `4686 + t * (103 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 33_333_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(34_378_774, 4686)
+			// Standard Error: 41_131
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_756_626, 0).saturating_mul(t.into()))
 			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(6, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(3, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads((1_u64).saturating_mul(t.into())))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes((1_u64).saturating_mul(t.into())))
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 2182).saturating_mul(t.into()))
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 103).saturating_mul(t.into()))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn seal_delegate_call() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `430`
-		//  Estimated: `3895`
-		// Minimum execution time: 111_566_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(115_083_000, 3895)
+		//  Measured:  `1048`
+		//  Estimated: `4513`
+		// Minimum execution time: 27_096_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(27_934_000, 4513)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::Nonce` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::Nonce` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 983040]`.
-	/// The range of component `s` is `[0, 983040]`.
-	fn seal_instantiate(i: u32) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `676`
-		//  Estimated: `4132`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_871_402_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_890_038_000, 4132)
-			// Standard Error: 24
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(581, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 24
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(5_u64))
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	fn seal_instantiate(i: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `1257`
+		//  Estimated: `4715`
+		// Minimum execution time: 118_412_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(106_130_041, 4715)
+			// Standard Error: 12
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(4_235, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(4_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_hash_sha2_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 966_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(9_599_151, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_336, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 614_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_320_897, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_371, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_hash_keccak_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_416_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(10_964_255, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(3_593, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_062_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_571_371, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(3_572, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_hash_blake2_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 821_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(6_579_283, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_466, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 609_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_008_056, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_497, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_hash_blake2_128(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 773_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(10_990_209, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_457, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 608_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(3_839_383, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_504, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 125697]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 261889]`.
 	fn seal_sr25519_verify(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 43_195_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(41_864_855, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 9
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(5_154, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 43_110_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(31_941_593, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 12
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(5_233, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	fn seal_ecdsa_recover() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 47_747_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(49_219_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 47_798_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(49_225_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_ecdsa_to_eth_address() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 12_854_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(12_962_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 12_576_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(12_731_000, 0)
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn seal_set_code_hash() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `430`
-		//  Estimated: `3895`
-		// Minimum execution time: 17_868_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(18_486_000, 3895)
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `266`
+		//  Estimated: `3731`
+		// Minimum execution time: 14_306_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(15_011_000, 3731)
+			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn lock_delegate_dependency() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `355`
-		//  Estimated: `3820`
-		// Minimum execution time: 8_393_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_640_000, 3820)
+		//  Measured:  `303`
+		//  Estimated: `3768`
+		// Minimum execution time: 10_208_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(10_514_000, 3768)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `MaxEncodedLen`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `MaxEncodedLen`)
 	fn unlock_delegate_dependency() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `355`
-		//  Estimated: `3558`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_489_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(7_815_000, 3558)
+		//  Measured:  `303`
+		//  Estimated: `3561`
+		// Minimum execution time: 9_062_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_414_000, 3561)
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
-	fn seal_reentrance_count() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `0`
-		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 299_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(339_000, 0)
-	}
-	fn seal_account_reentrance_count() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `0`
-		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 324_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(380_000, 0)
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::Nonce` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::Nonce` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	fn seal_instantiation_nonce() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `219`
-		//  Estimated: `1704`
-		// Minimum execution time: 2_768_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_025_000, 1704)
-			.saturating_add(T::DbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
-	}
 	/// The range of component `r` is `[0, 5000]`.
-	fn instr_i64_load_store(r: u32, ) -> Weight {
+	fn instr(r: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 766_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(722_169, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 10
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(7_191, 0).saturating_mul(r.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 8_074_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_646_158, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 58
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(84_694, 0).saturating_mul(r.into()))
 	}
 }
 
 // For backwards compatibility and tests.
 impl WeightInfo for () {
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::DeletionQueueCounter` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::DeletionQueueCounter` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::DeletionQueueCounter` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::DeletionQueueCounter` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn on_process_deletion_queue_batch() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `142`
-		//  Estimated: `1627`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_915_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_986_000, 1627)
+		//  Measured:  `109`
+		//  Estimated: `1594`
+		// Minimum execution time: 2_712_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_882_000, 1594)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
@@ -962,197 +894,150 @@ impl WeightInfo for () {
 	/// The range of component `k` is `[0, 1024]`.
 	fn on_initialize_per_trie_key(k: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `452 + k * (69 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `442 + k * (70 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 11_103_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(11_326_000, 442)
-			// Standard Error: 2_291
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_196_329, 0).saturating_mul(k.into()))
+		//  Measured:  `392 + k * (69 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `382 + k * (70 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 13_394_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(13_668_000, 382)
+			// Standard Error: 2_208
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_340_842, 0).saturating_mul(k.into()))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads((1_u64).saturating_mul(k.into())))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes((1_u64).saturating_mul(k.into())))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 70).saturating_mul(k.into()))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Timestamp::Now` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Timestamp::Now` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 125952]`.
+	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn call_with_code_per_byte(c: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `800 + c * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `4266 + c * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 247_545_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(268_016_699, 4266)
-			// Standard Error: 4
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(700, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(6_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `1466`
+		//  Estimated: `4931`
+		// Minimum execution time: 80_390_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(83_627_295, 4931)
+			// Standard Error: 0
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(5_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(2_u64))
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(c.into()))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::Nonce` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::Nonce` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(337), added: 2812, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Timestamp::Now` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Timestamp::Now` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 125952]`.
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 1048576]`.
-	/// The range of component `s` is `[0, 1048576]`.
-	fn instantiate_with_code(c: u32, i: u32) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `323`
-		//  Estimated: `6262`
-		// Minimum execution time: 4_396_772_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(235_107_907, 6262)
-			// Standard Error: 185
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(53_843, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 22
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(2_143, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 22
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(8_u64))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(7_u64))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::Nonce` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::Nonce` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	fn instantiate_with_code(_c: u32, i: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `303`
+		//  Estimated: `6232`
+		// Minimum execution time: 184_708_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(177_995_416, 6232)
+			// Standard Error: 11
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(4_609, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(6_u64))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(6_u64))
+	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Timestamp::Now` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Timestamp::Now` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 1048576]`.
-	/// The range of component `s` is `[0, 1048576]`.
-	fn instantiate(i: u32) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `560`
-		//  Estimated: `4017`
-		// Minimum execution time: 2_240_868_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_273_668_000, 4017)
-			// Standard Error: 32
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(934, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 32
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(8_u64))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(5_u64))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(337), added: 2812, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	fn instantiate(i: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `1261`
+		//  Estimated: `4706`
+		// Minimum execution time: 150_137_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(136_548_469, 4706)
+			// Standard Error: 16
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(4_531, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(6_u64))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(4_u64))
+	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Timestamp::Now` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Timestamp::Now` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn call() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `826`
-		//  Estimated: `4291`
-		// Minimum execution time: 165_067_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(168_582_000, 4291)
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(6_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `1466`
+		//  Estimated: `4931`
+		// Minimum execution time: 83_178_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(84_633_000, 4931)
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(5_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(2_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 125952]`.
-	fn upload_code_determinism_enforced(c: u32, ) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `142`
-		//  Estimated: `3607`
-		// Minimum execution time: 229_454_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(251_495_551, 3607)
-			// Standard Error: 71
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(51_428, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 125952]`.
-	fn upload_code_determinism_relaxed(c: u32, ) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `142`
-		//  Estimated: `3607`
-		// Minimum execution time: 240_390_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(273_854_266, 3607)
-			// Standard Error: 243
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(51_836, 0).saturating_mul(c.into()))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
+	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(337), added: 2812, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `c` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	fn upload_code(_c: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `109`
+		//  Estimated: `3574`
+		// Minimum execution time: 51_526_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(54_565_973, 3574)
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `Balances::Holds` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(193), added: 2668, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Proof: `Balances::Holds` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(337), added: 2812, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn remove_code() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `315`
-		//  Estimated: `3780`
-		// Minimum execution time: 39_374_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(40_247_000, 3780)
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `285`
+		//  Estimated: `3750`
+		// Minimum execution time: 41_885_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(42_467_000, 3750)
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::MigrationInProgress` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(1026), added: 1521, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:2 w:2)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:2 w:2)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn set_code() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `552`
-		//  Estimated: `6492`
-		// Minimum execution time: 24_473_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(25_890_000, 6492)
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(4_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `492`
+		//  Estimated: `6432`
+		// Minimum execution time: 24_905_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(25_483_000, 6432)
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
 	}
 	/// The range of component `r` is `[0, 1600]`.
@@ -1160,79 +1045,79 @@ impl WeightInfo for () {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 8_528_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(9_301_010, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 98
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(53_173, 0).saturating_mul(r.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 6_979_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(8_272_348, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 137
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(172_489, 0).saturating_mul(r.into()))
 	}
 	fn seal_caller() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 643_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(678_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 251_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(318_000, 0)
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn seal_is_contract() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `354`
-		//  Estimated: `3819`
-		// Minimum execution time: 6_107_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(6_235_000, 3819)
+		//  Measured:  `272`
+		//  Estimated: `3737`
+		// Minimum execution time: 6_966_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(7_240_000, 3737)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn seal_code_hash() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `447`
-		//  Estimated: `3912`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_316_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(7_653_000, 3912)
+		//  Measured:  `369`
+		//  Estimated: `3834`
+		// Minimum execution time: 7_589_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(7_958_000, 3834)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
 	fn seal_own_code_hash() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 721_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(764_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 235_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(285_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_caller_is_origin() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 369_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(417_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 283_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(326_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_caller_is_root() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 318_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(349_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 266_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(298_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_address() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 590_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(628_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 240_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(290_000, 0)
 	}
-	fn seal_gas_left() -> Weight {
+	fn seal_weight_left() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 660_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(730_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 651_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(714_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_balance() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `140`
+		//  Measured:  `103`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 4_361_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(4_577_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 4_476_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_671_000, 0)
 	}
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
@@ -1240,37 +1125,64 @@ impl WeightInfo for () {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `52`
 		//  Estimated: `3517`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_751_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_874_000, 3517)
+		// Minimum execution time: 3_800_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(3_968_000, 3517)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(4118), added: 6593, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[1, 4096]`.
+	fn seal_get_immutable_data(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `205 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `3670 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 5_845_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(6_473_478, 3670)
+			// Standard Error: 4
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(651, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(4118), added: 6593, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[1, 4096]`.
+	fn seal_set_immutable_data(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `0`
+		//  Estimated: `0`
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_980_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_324_567, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(512, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
+	}
 	fn seal_value_transferred() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 560_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(603_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 259_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(285_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_minimum_balance() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 561_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(610_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 244_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(291_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_block_number() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 557_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(583_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 252_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(291_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_now() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 550_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(602_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 245_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(277_000, 0)
 	}
 	/// Storage: `TransactionPayment::NextFeeMultiplier` (r:1 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `TransactionPayment::NextFeeMultiplier` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(16), added: 511, mode: `Measured`)
@@ -1278,117 +1190,104 @@ impl WeightInfo for () {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `67`
 		//  Estimated: `1552`
-		// Minimum execution time: 4_065_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(4_291_000, 1552)
+		// Minimum execution time: 5_650_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(5_783_000, 1552)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048572]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262140]`.
 	fn seal_input(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 487_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(517_000, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 3
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(301, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 427_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(351_577, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 0
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(114, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048572]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262140]`.
 	fn seal_return(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 318_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(372_000, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 10
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(411, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::DeletionQueueCounter` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::DeletionQueueCounter` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:33 w:33)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::DeletionQueue` (r:0 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::DeletionQueue` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(142), added: 2617, mode: `Measured`)
+		// Minimum execution time: 265_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(746_316, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 0
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(202, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+	}
+	/// Storage: `Revive::DeletionQueueCounter` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::DeletionQueueCounter` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:33 w:33)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::DeletionQueue` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::DeletionQueue` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(142), added: 2617, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (r:0 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ImmutableDataOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(4118), added: 6593, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 32]`.
 	fn seal_terminate(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `319 + n * (78 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `3784 + n * (2553 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 13_251_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(15_257_892, 3784)
-			// Standard Error: 7_089
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(3_443_907, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Measured:  `272 + n * (88 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `3737 + n * (2563 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 15_988_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(18_796_705, 3737)
+			// Standard Error: 10_437
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(4_338_085, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads((1_u64).saturating_mul(n.into())))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(4_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes((1_u64).saturating_mul(n.into())))
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 2553).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-	}
-	/// Storage: `RandomnessCollectiveFlip::RandomMaterial` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `RandomnessCollectiveFlip::RandomMaterial` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(2594), added: 3089, mode: `Measured`)
-	fn seal_random() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `76`
-		//  Estimated: `1561`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_434_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_605_000, 1561)
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 2563).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `System::EventTopics` (r:4 w:4)
-	/// Proof: `System::EventTopics` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// The range of component `t` is `[0, 4]`.
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_deposit_event(t: u32, n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
-		//  Estimated: `990 + t * (2475 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_668_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_999_591, 990)
-			// Standard Error: 5_767
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(2_011_090, 0).saturating_mul(t.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(12, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads((1_u64).saturating_mul(t.into())))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes((1_u64).saturating_mul(t.into())))
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 2475).saturating_mul(t.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `0`
+		// Minimum execution time: 4_237_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_128_112, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 2_947
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(198_825, 0).saturating_mul(t.into()))
+			// Standard Error: 26
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_007, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_debug_message(i: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 443_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(472_000, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 10
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_207, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 292_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_297_376, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 1
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(724, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn get_storage_empty() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `16618`
-		//  Estimated: `16618`
-		// Minimum execution time: 13_752_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(14_356_000, 16618)
+		//  Measured:  `744`
+		//  Estimated: `744`
+		// Minimum execution time: 7_812_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(8_171_000, 744)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn get_storage_full() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `26628`
-		//  Estimated: `26628`
-		// Minimum execution time: 43_444_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(45_087_000, 26628)
+		//  Measured:  `10754`
+		//  Estimated: `10754`
+		// Minimum execution time: 44_179_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(45_068_000, 10754)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn set_storage_empty() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `16618`
-		//  Estimated: `16618`
-		// Minimum execution time: 15_616_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(16_010_000, 16618)
+		//  Measured:  `744`
+		//  Estimated: `744`
+		// Minimum execution time: 8_964_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_336_000, 744)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
@@ -1396,85 +1295,85 @@ impl WeightInfo for () {
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn set_storage_full() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `26628`
-		//  Estimated: `26628`
-		// Minimum execution time: 47_020_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(50_152_000, 26628)
+		//  Measured:  `10754`
+		//  Estimated: `10754`
+		// Minimum execution time: 45_606_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(47_190_000, 10754)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
-	/// The range of component `o` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
+	/// The range of component `o` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_set_storage(n: u32, o: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `250 + o * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `249 + o * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 8_824_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_915_233, 249)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(255, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(39, 0).saturating_mul(o.into()))
+		//  Measured:  `248 + o * (1 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `247 + o * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 9_077_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_823_489, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 54
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(392, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+			// Standard Error: 54
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(408, 0).saturating_mul(o.into()))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(o.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_clear_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_133_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(7_912_778, 248)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(88, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `247 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 8_812_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_626_925, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 77
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(269, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_get_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 6_746_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(7_647_236, 248)
-			// Standard Error: 2
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(603, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `247 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 8_143_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_229_363, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 77
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_198, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_contains_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 6_247_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(6_952_661, 248)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(77, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `247 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 7_899_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(8_591_860, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 56
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(461, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	/// Storage: `Skipped::Metadata` (r:0 w:0)
 	/// Proof: `Skipped::Metadata` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: None, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_take_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `248 + n * (1 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_428_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_384_015, 248)
-			// Standard Error: 2
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(625, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		//  Estimated: `247 + n * (1 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 9_215_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(10_198_528, 247)
+			// Standard Error: 75
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_521, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 1).saturating_mul(n.into()))
@@ -1483,288 +1382,256 @@ impl WeightInfo for () {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_478_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_533_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_406_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_515_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn set_transient_storage_full() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 2_485_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_728_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_782_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_890_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn get_transient_storage_empty() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_195_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_811_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_380_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_422_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn get_transient_storage_full() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 3_902_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(4_118_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_504_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_583_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn rollback_transient_storage() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_571_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_662_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_045_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_138_000, 0)
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
-	/// The range of component `o` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
+	/// The range of component `o` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_set_transient_storage(n: u32, o: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 5_250_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_465_568, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(201, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(223, 0).saturating_mul(o.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 2_039_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_317_406, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 13
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(283, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+			// Standard Error: 13
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(347, 0).saturating_mul(o.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_clear_transient_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 2_012_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_288_004, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 3
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(239, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_880_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_251_392, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 17
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(313, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_get_transient_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_906_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(2_121_040, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(225, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_763_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_951_912, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 13
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(268, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
 	fn seal_contains_transient_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_736_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_954_728, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(111, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_536_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(1_779_085, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 14
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(148, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 16384]`.
-	fn seal_take_transient_storage(_n: u32, ) -> Weight {
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 512]`.
+	fn seal_take_transient_storage(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_872_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_125_644, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 2_343_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(2_587_750, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 22
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(30, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	fn seal_transfer() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `140`
+		//  Measured:  `103`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 8_489_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_791_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 9_250_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_637_000, 0)
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// The range of component `t` is `[0, 1]`.
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_call(t: u32, i: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `620 + t * (280 ±0)`
-		//  Estimated: `4085 + t * (2182 ±0)`
-		// Minimum execution time: 122_759_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(120_016_020, 4085)
-			// Standard Error: 173_118
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(42_848_338, 0).saturating_mul(t.into()))
+		//  Measured:  `1221 + t * (103 ±0)`
+		//  Estimated: `4686 + t * (103 ±0)`
+		// Minimum execution time: 33_333_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(34_378_774, 4686)
+			// Standard Error: 41_131
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_756_626, 0).saturating_mul(t.into()))
 			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(6, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(3, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(3_u64))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads((1_u64).saturating_mul(t.into())))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes((1_u64).saturating_mul(t.into())))
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 2182).saturating_mul(t.into()))
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(0, 103).saturating_mul(t.into()))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn seal_delegate_call() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `430`
-		//  Estimated: `3895`
-		// Minimum execution time: 111_566_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(115_083_000, 3895)
+		//  Measured:  `1048`
+		//  Estimated: `4513`
+		// Minimum execution time: 27_096_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(27_934_000, 4513)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::Nonce` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::Nonce` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1795), added: 4270, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(262180), added: 264655, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::ContractInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(1779), added: 4254, mode: `Measured`)
 	/// Storage: `System::Account` (r:1 w:1)
 	/// Proof: `System::Account` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(128), added: 2603, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 983040]`.
-	/// The range of component `s` is `[0, 983040]`.
-	fn seal_instantiate(i: u32) -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `676`
-		//  Estimated: `4132`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_871_402_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(1_890_038_000, 4132)
-			// Standard Error: 24
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(581, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
-			// Standard Error: 24
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(5_u64))
+	/// The range of component `i` is `[0, 262144]`.
+	fn seal_instantiate(i: u32, ) -> Weight {
+		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
+		//  Measured:  `1257`
+		//  Estimated: `4715`
+		// Minimum execution time: 118_412_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(106_130_041, 4715)
+			// Standard Error: 12
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(4_235, 0).saturating_mul(i.into()))
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(4_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(3_u64))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_hash_sha2_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 966_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(9_599_151, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_336, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 614_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_320_897, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_371, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_hash_keccak_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 1_416_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(10_964_255, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(3_593, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 1_062_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_571_371, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(3_572, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_hash_blake2_256(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 821_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(6_579_283, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 0
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_466, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 609_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(4_008_056, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_497, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 1048576]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 262144]`.
 	fn seal_hash_blake2_128(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 773_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(10_990_209, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 1
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_457, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 608_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(3_839_383, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 3
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(1_504, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
-	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 125697]`.
+	/// The range of component `n` is `[0, 261889]`.
 	fn seal_sr25519_verify(n: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 43_195_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(41_864_855, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 9
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(5_154, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 43_110_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(31_941_593, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 12
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(5_233, 0).saturating_mul(n.into()))
 	}
 	fn seal_ecdsa_recover() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 47_747_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(49_219_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 47_798_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(49_225_000, 0)
 	}
 	fn seal_ecdsa_to_eth_address() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 12_854_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(12_962_000, 0)
+		// Minimum execution time: 12_576_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(12_731_000, 0)
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::PristineCode` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::PristineCode` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(125988), added: 128463, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn seal_set_code_hash() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `430`
-		//  Estimated: `3895`
-		// Minimum execution time: 17_868_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(18_486_000, 3895)
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(2_u64))
+		//  Measured:  `266`
+		//  Estimated: `3731`
+		// Minimum execution time: 14_306_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(15_011_000, 3731)
+			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `Measured`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `Measured`)
 	fn lock_delegate_dependency() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `355`
-		//  Estimated: `3820`
-		// Minimum execution time: 8_393_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(8_640_000, 3820)
+		//  Measured:  `303`
+		//  Estimated: `3768`
+		// Minimum execution time: 10_208_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(10_514_000, 3768)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(93), added: 2568, mode: `MaxEncodedLen`)
+	/// Storage: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (r:1 w:1)
+	/// Proof: `Revive::CodeInfoOf` (`max_values`: None, `max_size`: Some(96), added: 2571, mode: `MaxEncodedLen`)
 	fn unlock_delegate_dependency() -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `355`
-		//  Estimated: `3558`
-		// Minimum execution time: 7_489_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(7_815_000, 3558)
+		//  Measured:  `303`
+		//  Estimated: `3561`
+		// Minimum execution time: 9_062_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_414_000, 3561)
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
 			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().writes(1_u64))
 	}
-	fn seal_reentrance_count() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `0`
-		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 299_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(339_000, 0)
-	}
-	fn seal_account_reentrance_count() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `0`
-		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 324_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(380_000, 0)
-	}
-	/// Storage: `Contracts::Nonce` (r:1 w:0)
-	/// Proof: `Contracts::Nonce` (`max_values`: Some(1), `max_size`: Some(8), added: 503, mode: `Measured`)
-	fn seal_instantiation_nonce() -> Weight {
-		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
-		//  Measured:  `219`
-		//  Estimated: `1704`
-		// Minimum execution time: 2_768_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(3_025_000, 1704)
-			.saturating_add(RocksDbWeight::get().reads(1_u64))
-	}
 	/// The range of component `r` is `[0, 5000]`.
-	fn instr_i64_load_store(r: u32, ) -> Weight {
+	fn instr(r: u32, ) -> Weight {
 		// Proof Size summary in bytes:
 		//  Measured:  `0`
 		//  Estimated: `0`
-		// Minimum execution time: 766_000 picoseconds.
-		Weight::from_parts(722_169, 0)
-			// Standard Error: 10
-			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(7_191, 0).saturating_mul(r.into()))
+		// Minimum execution time: 8_074_000 picoseconds.
+		Weight::from_parts(9_646_158, 0)
+			// Standard Error: 58
+			.saturating_add(Weight::from_parts(84_694, 0).saturating_mul(r.into()))
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/Cargo.toml b/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/Cargo.toml
index 52de77a109447e801645056a750d4c6b49fdb4c9..8705781db002c2a2da19ecd5124f7d8b3d2b124b 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/Cargo.toml
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ codec = { features = [
 ], optional = true, workspace = true }
 
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "riscv32")'.dependencies]
-polkavm-derive = { version = "0.11.0" }
+polkavm-derive = { version = "0.12.0" }
 
 [package.metadata.docs.rs]
 default-target = ["wasm32-unknown-unknown"]
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/src/host.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/src/host.rs
index 57a03332670f6b8ad0866e60cb4b330073119cb5..2106b8fb49b7929975cbebba112038ced6c0bfbe 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/src/host.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/src/host.rs
@@ -56,6 +56,30 @@ pub trait HostFn: private::Sealed {
 	///   otherwise.
 	fn lock_delegate_dependency(code_hash: &[u8; 32]);
 
+	/// Get the contract immutable data.
+	///
+	/// Traps if:
+	/// - Called from within the deploy export.
+	/// - Called by contracts that didn't set immutable data by calling `set_immutable_data` during
+	///   their constructor execution.
+	///
+	/// # Parameters
+	/// - `output`: A reference to the output buffer to write the immutable bytes.
+	fn get_immutable_data(output: &mut &mut [u8]);
+
+	/// Set the contract immutable data.
+	///
+	/// It is only valid to set non-empty immutable data in the constructor once.
+	///
+	/// Traps if:
+	/// - Called from within the call export.
+	/// - Called more than once.
+	/// - The provided data was empty.
+	///
+	/// # Parameters
+	/// - `data`: A reference to the data to be stored as immutable bytes.
+	fn set_immutable_data(data: &[u8]);
+
 	/// Stores the **reducible** balance of the current account into the supplied buffer.
 	///
 	/// # Parameters
@@ -620,6 +644,20 @@ pub trait HostFn: private::Sealed {
 	/// Returns `ReturnCode::Success` when the message was successfully sent. When the XCM
 	/// execution fails, `ReturnErrorCode::XcmSendFailed` is returned.
 	fn xcm_send(dest: &[u8], msg: &[u8], output: &mut [u8; 32]) -> Result;
+
+	/// Stores the size of the returned data of the last contract call or instantiation.
+	///
+	/// # Parameters
+	///
+	/// - `output`: A reference to the output buffer to write the size.
+	fn return_data_size(output: &mut [u8; 32]);
+
+	/// Stores the returned data of the last contract call or contract instantiation.
+	///
+	/// # Parameters
+	/// - `output`: A reference to the output buffer to write the data.
+	/// - `offset`: Byte offset into the returned data
+	fn return_data_copy(output: &mut &mut [u8], offset: u32);
 }
 
 mod private {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/src/host/riscv32.rs b/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/src/host/riscv32.rs
index a60c338e8bd9c72f8089c4bd7b8bf5417f9bd9be..866b0ee8dd1762ad8fafcf820ecce0410a3cb038 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/src/host/riscv32.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/revive/uapi/src/host/riscv32.rs
@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ mod sys {
 		pub fn address(out_ptr: *mut u8);
 		pub fn weight_to_fee(ref_time: u64, proof_size: u64, out_ptr: *mut u8);
 		pub fn weight_left(out_ptr: *mut u8, out_len_ptr: *mut u32);
+		pub fn get_immutable_data(out_ptr: *mut u8, out_len_ptr: *mut u32);
+		pub fn set_immutable_data(ptr: *const u8, len: u32);
 		pub fn balance(out_ptr: *mut u8);
 		pub fn balance_of(addr_ptr: *const u8, out_ptr: *mut u8);
 		pub fn chain_id(out_ptr: *mut u8);
@@ -131,6 +133,8 @@ mod sys {
 			msg_len: u32,
 			out_ptr: *mut u8,
 		) -> ReturnCode;
+		pub fn return_data_size(out_ptr: *mut u8);
+		pub fn return_data_copy(out_ptr: *mut u8, out_len_ptr: *mut u32, offset: u32);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -500,6 +504,16 @@ impl HostFn for HostFnImpl {
 		ret_val.into_bool()
 	}
 
+	fn get_immutable_data(output: &mut &mut [u8]) {
+		let mut output_len = output.len() as u32;
+		unsafe { sys::get_immutable_data(output.as_mut_ptr(), &mut output_len) };
+		extract_from_slice(output, output_len as usize);
+	}
+
+	fn set_immutable_data(data: &[u8]) {
+		unsafe { sys::set_immutable_data(data.as_ptr(), data.len() as u32) }
+	}
+
 	fn balance_of(address: &[u8; 20], output: &mut [u8; 32]) {
 		unsafe { sys::balance_of(address.as_ptr(), output.as_mut_ptr()) };
 	}
@@ -548,4 +562,16 @@ impl HostFn for HostFnImpl {
 		};
 		ret_code.into()
 	}
+
+	fn return_data_size(output: &mut [u8; 32]) {
+		unsafe { sys::return_data_size(output.as_mut_ptr()) };
+	}
+
+	fn return_data_copy(output: &mut &mut [u8], offset: u32) {
+		let mut output_len = output.len() as u32;
+		{
+			unsafe { sys::return_data_copy(output.as_mut_ptr(), &mut output_len, offset) };
+		}
+		extract_from_slice(output, output_len as usize);
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/root-offences/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/root-offences/src/tests.rs
index f96884d750da8a7d101b650caf4607afbc51bd35..289bb708efbbc0d9496499a2c9e8b25c240715f9 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/root-offences/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/root-offences/src/tests.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 
 use super::*;
 use frame_support::{assert_err, assert_ok};
-use mock::{active_era, start_session, Balances, ExtBuilder, RootOffences, RuntimeOrigin, System};
+use mock::{active_era, start_session, ExtBuilder, RootOffences, RuntimeOrigin, System, Test as T};
+use pallet_staking::asset;
 
 #[test]
 fn create_offence_fails_given_signed_origin() {
@@ -35,18 +36,18 @@ fn create_offence_works_given_root_origin() {
 
 		assert_eq!(active_era(), 0);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::staked::<T>(&11), 1000);
 
 		let offenders = [(11, Perbill::from_percent(50))].to_vec();
 		assert_ok!(RootOffences::create_offence(RuntimeOrigin::root(), offenders.clone()));
 
 		System::assert_last_event(Event::OffenceCreated { offenders }.into());
 		// the slash should be applied right away.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 500);
+		assert_eq!(asset::staked::<T>(&11), 500);
 
 		// the other validator should keep their balance, because we only created
 		// an offences for the first validator.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::staked::<T>(&21), 1000);
 	})
 }
 
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ fn create_offence_wont_slash_non_active_validators() {
 		assert_eq!(active_era(), 0);
 
 		// 31 is not an active validator.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(31), 500);
+		assert_eq!(asset::staked::<T>(&31), 500);
 
 		let offenders = [(31, Perbill::from_percent(20)), (11, Perbill::from_percent(20))].to_vec();
 		assert_ok!(RootOffences::create_offence(RuntimeOrigin::root(), offenders.clone()));
@@ -66,10 +67,10 @@ fn create_offence_wont_slash_non_active_validators() {
 		System::assert_last_event(Event::OffenceCreated { offenders }.into());
 
 		// so 31 didn't get slashed.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(31), 500);
+		assert_eq!(asset::staked::<T>(&31), 500);
 
 		// but 11 is an active validator so they got slashed.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 800);
+		assert_eq!(asset::staked::<T>(&11), 800);
 	})
 }
 
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ fn create_offence_wont_slash_idle() {
 		assert_eq!(active_era(), 0);
 
 		// 41 is idle.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(41), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::staked::<T>(&41), 1000);
 
 		let offenders = [(41, Perbill::from_percent(50))].to_vec();
 		assert_ok!(RootOffences::create_offence(RuntimeOrigin::root(), offenders.clone()));
@@ -89,6 +90,6 @@ fn create_offence_wont_slash_idle() {
 		System::assert_last_event(Event::OffenceCreated { offenders }.into());
 
 		// 41 didn't get slashed.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(41), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::staked::<T>(&41), 1000);
 	})
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/sassafras/src/mock.rs b/substrate/frame/sassafras/src/mock.rs
index f145bffa3a05c1c9b05087490792245e58c2a352..d2b329e8a2ba1314e832495a4f1b40cf22ff101f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/sassafras/src/mock.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/sassafras/src/mock.rs
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ pub fn new_test_ext_with_pairs(
 	with_ring_context: bool,
 ) -> (Vec<AuthorityPair>, sp_io::TestExternalities) {
 	let pairs = (0..authorities_len)
-		.map(|i| AuthorityPair::from_seed(&U256::from(i).into()))
+		.map(|i| AuthorityPair::from_seed(&U256::from(i).to_big_endian()))
 		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
 	let authorities: Vec<_> = pairs.iter().map(|p| p.public()).collect();
diff --git a/substrate/frame/society/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/society/src/lib.rs
index b4c5c88af3d6e9abbd66fe51d1b6438d32c43ca3..04879cd87091eb45bfc7973d76e9a59fed68560e 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/society/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/society/src/lib.rs
@@ -1387,18 +1387,6 @@ impl_ensure_origin_with_arg_ignoring_arg! {
 	{}
 }
 
-struct InputFromRng<'a, T>(&'a mut T);
-impl<'a, T: RngCore> codec::Input for InputFromRng<'a, T> {
-	fn remaining_len(&mut self) -> Result<Option<usize>, codec::Error> {
-		return Ok(None)
-	}
-
-	fn read(&mut self, into: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), codec::Error> {
-		self.0.fill_bytes(into);
-		Ok(())
-	}
-}
-
 pub enum Period<BlockNumber> {
 	Voting { elapsed: BlockNumber, more: BlockNumber },
 	Claim { elapsed: BlockNumber, more: BlockNumber },
diff --git a/substrate/frame/society/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/society/src/tests.rs
index df8e844cdad9939c9848b106ce4a097195ac2d37..2a13f99855b59f66764ffc2fd93fe3479df47c46 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/society/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/society/src/tests.rs
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ fn bidding_works() {
 		// No more candidates satisfy the requirements
 		assert_eq!(candidacies(), vec![]);
 		assert_ok!(Society::defender_vote(Origin::signed(10), true)); // Keep defender around
-															  // Next period
+																// Next period
 		run_to_block(16);
 		// Same members
 		assert_eq!(members(), vec![10, 30, 40, 50]);
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/asset.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/asset.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..23368b1f8fca713f78405165c00ec09d54a8d257
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/asset.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Contains all the interactions with [`Config::Currency`] to manipulate the underlying staking
+//! asset.
+
+use frame_support::traits::{Currency, InspectLockableCurrency, LockableCurrency};
+
+use crate::{BalanceOf, Config, NegativeImbalanceOf, PositiveImbalanceOf};
+
+/// Existential deposit for the chain.
+pub fn existential_deposit<T: Config>() -> BalanceOf<T> {
+	T::Currency::minimum_balance()
+}
+
+/// Total issuance of the chain.
+pub fn total_issuance<T: Config>() -> BalanceOf<T> {
+	T::Currency::total_issuance()
+}
+
+/// Total balance of `who`. Includes both, free and reserved.
+pub fn total_balance<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId) -> BalanceOf<T> {
+	T::Currency::total_balance(who)
+}
+
+/// Stakeable balance of `who`.
+///
+/// This includes balance free to stake along with any balance that is already staked.
+pub fn stakeable_balance<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId) -> BalanceOf<T> {
+	T::Currency::free_balance(who)
+}
+
+/// Balance of `who` that is currently at stake.
+///
+/// The staked amount is locked and cannot be transferred out of `who`s account.
+pub fn staked<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId) -> BalanceOf<T> {
+	T::Currency::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, who)
+}
+
+/// Set balance that can be staked for `who`.
+///
+/// This includes any balance that is already staked.
+#[cfg(any(test, feature = "runtime-benchmarks"))]
+pub fn set_stakeable_balance<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId, value: BalanceOf<T>) {
+	T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(who, value);
+}
+
+/// Update `amount` at stake for `who`.
+///
+/// Overwrites the existing stake amount. If passed amount is lower than the existing stake, the
+/// difference is unlocked.
+pub fn update_stake<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId, amount: BalanceOf<T>) {
+	T::Currency::set_lock(
+		crate::STAKING_ID,
+		who,
+		amount,
+		frame_support::traits::WithdrawReasons::all(),
+	);
+}
+
+/// Kill the stake of `who`.
+///
+/// All locked amount is unlocked.
+pub fn kill_stake<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId) {
+	T::Currency::remove_lock(crate::STAKING_ID, who);
+}
+
+/// Slash the value from `who`.
+///
+/// A negative imbalance is returned which can be resolved to deposit the slashed value.
+pub fn slash<T: Config>(
+	who: &T::AccountId,
+	value: BalanceOf<T>,
+) -> (NegativeImbalanceOf<T>, BalanceOf<T>) {
+	T::Currency::slash(who, value)
+}
+
+/// Mint `value` into an existing account `who`.
+///
+/// This does not increase the total issuance.
+pub fn mint_existing<T: Config>(
+	who: &T::AccountId,
+	value: BalanceOf<T>,
+) -> Option<PositiveImbalanceOf<T>> {
+	T::Currency::deposit_into_existing(who, value).ok()
+}
+
+/// Mint reward and create account for `who` if it does not exist.
+///
+/// This does not increase the total issuance.
+pub fn mint_creating<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId, value: BalanceOf<T>) -> PositiveImbalanceOf<T> {
+	T::Currency::deposit_creating(who, value)
+}
+
+/// Deposit newly issued or slashed `value` into `who`.
+pub fn deposit_slashed<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId, value: NegativeImbalanceOf<T>) {
+	T::Currency::resolve_creating(who, value)
+}
+
+/// Issue `value` increasing total issuance.
+///
+/// Creates a negative imbalance.
+pub fn issue<T: Config>(value: BalanceOf<T>) -> NegativeImbalanceOf<T> {
+	T::Currency::issue(value)
+}
+
+/// Burn the amount from the total issuance.
+#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
+pub fn burn<T: Config>(amount: BalanceOf<T>) -> PositiveImbalanceOf<T> {
+	T::Currency::burn(amount)
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/benchmarking.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/benchmarking.rs
index 1f8580d7a3e67336776517809203a28b0973ebda..96bd3860542fbd2355e0f8c70ecc384384e1e2ba 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/staking/src/benchmarking.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/benchmarking.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 //! Staking pallet benchmarking.
 
 use super::*;
-use crate::{ConfigOp, Pallet as Staking};
+use crate::{asset, ConfigOp, Pallet as Staking};
 use testing_utils::*;
 
 use codec::Decode;
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use frame_election_provider_support::{bounds::DataProviderBounds, SortedListProv
 use frame_support::{
 	pallet_prelude::*,
 	storage::bounded_vec::BoundedVec,
-	traits::{Currency, Get, Imbalance, UnfilteredDispatchable},
+	traits::{Get, Imbalance, UnfilteredDispatchable},
 };
 use sp_runtime::{
 	traits::{Bounded, One, StaticLookup, TrailingZeroInput, Zero},
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 };
 use sp_staking::{currency_to_vote::CurrencyToVote, SessionIndex};
 
-pub use frame_benchmarking::v1::{
-	account, benchmarks, impl_benchmark_test_suite, whitelist_account, whitelisted_caller,
+pub use frame_benchmarking::{
+	impl_benchmark_test_suite, v2::*, whitelist_account, whitelisted_caller, BenchmarkError,
 };
 use frame_system::RawOrigin;
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ pub fn create_validator_with_nominators<T: Config>(
 	ErasRewardPoints::<T>::insert(current_era, reward);
 
 	// Create reward pool
-	let total_payout = T::Currency::minimum_balance()
+	let total_payout = asset::existential_deposit::<T>()
 		.saturating_mul(upper_bound.into())
 		.saturating_mul(1000u32.into());
 	<ErasValidatorReward<T>>::insert(current_era, total_payout);
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ impl<T: Config> ListScenario<T> {
 		ensure!(!origin_weight.is_zero(), "origin weight must be greater than 0");
 
 		// burn the entire issuance.
-		let i = T::Currency::burn(T::Currency::total_issuance());
+		let i = asset::burn::<T>(asset::total_issuance::<T>());
 		core::mem::forget(i);
 
 		// create accounts with the origin weight
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ impl<T: Config> ListScenario<T> {
 		let dest_weight_as_vote =
 			T::VoterList::score_update_worst_case(&origin_stash1, is_increase);
 
-		let total_issuance = T::Currency::total_issuance();
+		let total_issuance = asset::total_issuance::<T>();
 
 		let dest_weight =
 			T::CurrencyToVote::to_currency(dest_weight_as_vote as u128, total_issuance);
@@ -219,23 +219,30 @@ impl<T: Config> ListScenario<T> {
 
 const USER_SEED: u32 = 999666;
 
-benchmarks! {
-	bond {
+#[benchmarks]
+mod benchmarks {
+	use super::*;
+
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn bond() {
 		let stash = create_funded_user::<T>("stash", USER_SEED, 100);
 		let reward_destination = RewardDestination::Staked;
-		let amount = T::Currency::minimum_balance() * 10u32.into();
+		let amount = asset::existential_deposit::<T>() * 10u32.into();
 		whitelist_account!(stash);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(stash.clone()), amount, reward_destination)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(stash.clone()), amount, reward_destination);
+
 		assert!(Bonded::<T>::contains_key(stash.clone()));
 		assert!(Ledger::<T>::contains_key(stash));
 	}
 
-	bond_extra {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn bond_extra() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
-		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(T::Currency::minimum_balance());
+		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(asset::existential_deposit::<T>());
 
 		// setup the worst case list scenario.
 
@@ -246,25 +253,29 @@ benchmarks! {
 
 		let stash = scenario.origin_stash1.clone();
 		let controller = scenario.origin_controller1;
-		let original_bonded: BalanceOf<T>
-			= Ledger::<T>::get(&controller).map(|l| l.active).ok_or("ledger not created after")?;
+		let original_bonded: BalanceOf<T> = Ledger::<T>::get(&controller)
+			.map(|l| l.active)
+			.ok_or("ledger not created after")?;
 
-		let _ = T::Currency::deposit_into_existing(&stash, max_additional).unwrap();
+		let _ = asset::mint_existing::<T>(&stash, max_additional).unwrap();
 
 		whitelist_account!(stash);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(stash), max_additional)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(stash), max_additional);
+
 		let ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(&controller).ok_or("ledger not created after")?;
 		let new_bonded: BalanceOf<T> = ledger.active;
 		assert!(original_bonded < new_bonded);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	unbond {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn unbond() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
-		// setup the worst case list scenario.
-		let total_issuance = T::Currency::total_issuance();
 		// the weight the nominator will start at. The value used here is expected to be
 		// significantly higher than the first position in a list (e.g. the first bag threshold).
 		let origin_weight = BalanceOf::<T>::try_from(952_994_955_240_703u128)
@@ -272,47 +283,58 @@ benchmarks! {
 			.unwrap();
 		let scenario = ListScenario::<T>::new(origin_weight, false)?;
 
-		let stash = scenario.origin_stash1.clone();
 		let controller = scenario.origin_controller1.clone();
 		let amount = origin_weight - scenario.dest_weight;
 		let ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(&controller).ok_or("ledger not created before")?;
 		let original_bonded: BalanceOf<T> = ledger.active;
 
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), amount)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), amount);
+
 		let ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(&controller).ok_or("ledger not created after")?;
 		let new_bonded: BalanceOf<T> = ledger.active;
 		assert!(original_bonded > new_bonded);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
+	#[benchmark]
 	// Withdraw only updates the ledger
-	withdraw_unbonded_update {
+	fn withdraw_unbonded_update(
 		// Slashing Spans
-		let s in 0 .. MAX_SPANS;
+		s: Linear<0, MAX_SPANS>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(0, 100, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
 		add_slashing_spans::<T>(&stash, s);
-		let amount = T::Currency::minimum_balance() * 5u32.into(); // Half of total
+		let amount = asset::existential_deposit::<T>() * 5u32.into(); // Half of total
 		Staking::<T>::unbond(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()).into(), amount)?;
 		CurrentEra::<T>::put(EraIndex::max_value());
 		let ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(&controller).ok_or("ledger not created before")?;
 		let original_total: BalanceOf<T> = ledger.total;
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: withdraw_unbonded(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), s)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		withdraw_unbonded(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), s);
+
 		let ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(&controller).ok_or("ledger not created after")?;
 		let new_total: BalanceOf<T> = ledger.total;
 		assert!(original_total > new_total);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
+	#[benchmark]
 	// Worst case scenario, everything is removed after the bonding duration
-	withdraw_unbonded_kill {
+	fn withdraw_unbonded_kill(
 		// Slashing Spans
-		let s in 0 .. MAX_SPANS;
+		s: Linear<0, MAX_SPANS>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
-		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(T::Currency::minimum_balance());
+		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(asset::existential_deposit::<T>());
 
 		// setup a worst case list scenario. Note that we don't care about the setup of the
 		// destination position because we are doing a removal from the list but no insert.
@@ -322,20 +344,25 @@ benchmarks! {
 		add_slashing_spans::<T>(&stash, s);
 		assert!(T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
 
-		let ed = T::Currency::minimum_balance();
+		let ed = asset::existential_deposit::<T>();
 		let mut ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(&controller).unwrap();
 		ledger.active = ed - One::one();
 		Ledger::<T>::insert(&controller, ledger);
 		CurrentEra::<T>::put(EraIndex::max_value());
 
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: withdraw_unbonded(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), s)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		withdraw_unbonded(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), s);
+
 		assert!(!Ledger::<T>::contains_key(controller));
 		assert!(!T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	validate {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn validate() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(
 			MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() - 1,
 			100,
@@ -346,22 +373,28 @@ benchmarks! {
 
 		let prefs = ValidatorPrefs::default();
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller), prefs)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller), prefs);
+
 		assert!(Validators::<T>::contains_key(&stash));
 		assert!(T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	kick {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn kick(
 		// scenario: we want to kick `k` nominators from nominating us (we are a validator).
 		// we'll assume that `k` is under 128 for the purposes of determining the slope.
-		// each nominator should have `T::MaxNominations::get()` validators nominated, and our validator
-		// should be somewhere in there.
-		let k in 1 .. 128;
-
+		// each nominator should have `T::MaxNominations::get()` validators nominated, and our
+		// validator should be somewhere in there.
+		k: Linear<1, 128>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// these are the other validators; there are `T::MaxNominations::get() - 1` of them, so
 		// there are a total of `T::MaxNominations::get()` validators in the system.
-		let rest_of_validators = create_validators_with_seed::<T>(MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() - 1, 100, 415)?;
+		let rest_of_validators =
+			create_validators_with_seed::<T>(MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() - 1, 100, 415)?;
 
 		// this is the validator that will be kicking.
 		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(
@@ -377,7 +410,7 @@ benchmarks! {
 		// we now create the nominators. there will be `k` of them; each will nominate all
 		// validators. we will then kick each of the `k` nominators from the main validator.
 		let mut nominator_stashes = Vec::with_capacity(k as usize);
-		for i in 0 .. k {
+		for i in 0..k {
 			// create a nominator stash.
 			let (n_stash, n_controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(
 				MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() + i,
@@ -402,53 +435,64 @@ benchmarks! {
 		}
 
 		// we need the unlookuped version of the nominator stash for the kick.
-		let kicks = nominator_stashes.iter()
+		let kicks = nominator_stashes
+			.iter()
 			.map(|n| T::Lookup::unlookup(n.clone()))
 			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller), kicks)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller), kicks);
+
 		// all nominators now should *not* be nominating our validator...
 		for n in nominator_stashes.iter() {
 			assert!(!Nominators::<T>::get(n).unwrap().targets.contains(&stash));
 		}
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
+	#[benchmark]
 	// Worst case scenario, T::MaxNominations::get()
-	nominate {
-		let n in 1 .. MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get();
-
+	fn nominate(n: Linear<1, { MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() }>) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
-		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(T::Currency::minimum_balance());
+		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(asset::existential_deposit::<T>());
 
-		// setup a worst case list scenario. Note we don't care about the destination position, because
-		// we are just doing an insert into the origin position.
-		let scenario = ListScenario::<T>::new(origin_weight, true)?;
+		// setup a worst case list scenario. Note we don't care about the destination position,
+		// because we are just doing an insert into the origin position.
+		ListScenario::<T>::new(origin_weight, true)?;
 		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller_with_balance::<T>(
-			SEED + MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() + 1, // make sure the account does not conflict with others
+			SEED + MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() + 1, /* make sure the account does not conflict
+			                                          * with others */
 			origin_weight,
 			RewardDestination::Staked,
-		).unwrap();
+		)
+		.unwrap();
 
 		assert!(!Nominators::<T>::contains_key(&stash));
 		assert!(!T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
 
 		let validators = create_validators::<T>(n, 100).unwrap();
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller), validators)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller), validators);
+
 		assert!(Nominators::<T>::contains_key(&stash));
-		assert!(T::VoterList::contains(&stash))
+		assert!(T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	chill {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn chill() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
-		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(T::Currency::minimum_balance());
+		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(asset::existential_deposit::<T>());
 
 		// setup a worst case list scenario. Note that we don't care about the setup of the
 		// destination position because we are doing a removal from the list but no insert.
@@ -458,97 +502,138 @@ benchmarks! {
 		assert!(T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
 
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller))
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller));
+
 		assert!(!T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	set_payee {
-		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(USER_SEED, 100, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn set_payee() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
+		let (stash, controller) =
+			create_stash_controller::<T>(USER_SEED, 100, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
 		assert_eq!(Payee::<T>::get(&stash), Some(RewardDestination::Staked));
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), RewardDestination::Account(controller.clone()))
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), RewardDestination::Account(controller.clone()));
+
 		assert_eq!(Payee::<T>::get(&stash), Some(RewardDestination::Account(controller)));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	update_payee {
-		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(USER_SEED, 100, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn update_payee() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
+		let (stash, controller) =
+			create_stash_controller::<T>(USER_SEED, 100, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
 		Payee::<T>::insert(&stash, {
 			#[allow(deprecated)]
 			RewardDestination::Controller
 		});
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), controller.clone())
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), controller.clone());
+
 		assert_eq!(Payee::<T>::get(&stash), Some(RewardDestination::Account(controller)));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	set_controller {
-		let (stash, ctlr) = create_unique_stash_controller::<T>(9000, 100, RewardDestination::Staked, false)?;
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn set_controller() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
+		let (stash, ctlr) =
+			create_unique_stash_controller::<T>(9000, 100, RewardDestination::Staked, false)?;
 		// ensure `ctlr` is the currently stored controller.
 		assert!(!Ledger::<T>::contains_key(&stash));
 		assert!(Ledger::<T>::contains_key(&ctlr));
 		assert_eq!(Bonded::<T>::get(&stash), Some(ctlr.clone()));
 
 		whitelist_account!(stash);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(stash.clone()))
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(stash.clone()));
+
 		assert!(Ledger::<T>::contains_key(&stash));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	set_validator_count {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn set_validator_count() {
 		let validator_count = MaxValidators::<T>::get();
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Root, validator_count)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root, validator_count);
+
 		assert_eq!(ValidatorCount::<T>::get(), validator_count);
 	}
 
-	force_no_eras {}: _(RawOrigin::Root)
-	verify { assert_eq!(ForceEra::<T>::get(), Forcing::ForceNone); }
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn force_no_eras() {
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root);
 
-	force_new_era {}: _(RawOrigin::Root)
-	verify { assert_eq!(ForceEra::<T>::get(), Forcing::ForceNew); }
+		assert_eq!(ForceEra::<T>::get(), Forcing::ForceNone);
+	}
 
-	force_new_era_always {}: _(RawOrigin::Root)
-	verify { assert_eq!(ForceEra::<T>::get(), Forcing::ForceAlways); }
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn force_new_era() {
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root);
+
+		assert_eq!(ForceEra::<T>::get(), Forcing::ForceNew);
+	}
 
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn force_new_era_always() {
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root);
+
+		assert_eq!(ForceEra::<T>::get(), Forcing::ForceAlways);
+	}
+
+	#[benchmark]
 	// Worst case scenario, the list of invulnerables is very long.
-	set_invulnerables {
-		let v in 0 .. MaxValidators::<T>::get();
+	fn set_invulnerables(v: Linear<0, { MaxValidators::<T>::get() }>) {
 		let mut invulnerables = Vec::new();
-		for i in 0 .. v {
+		for i in 0..v {
 			invulnerables.push(account("invulnerable", i, SEED));
 		}
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Root, invulnerables)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root, invulnerables);
+
 		assert_eq!(Invulnerables::<T>::get().len(), v as usize);
 	}
 
-	deprecate_controller_batch {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn deprecate_controller_batch(
 		// We pass a dynamic number of controllers to the benchmark, up to
 		// `MaxControllersInDeprecationBatch`.
-		let i in 0 .. T::MaxControllersInDeprecationBatch::get();
-
+		u: Linear<0, { T::MaxControllersInDeprecationBatch::get() }>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		let mut controllers: Vec<_> = vec![];
 		let mut stashes: Vec<_> = vec![];
-		for n in 0..i as u32 {
-			let (stash, controller) = create_unique_stash_controller::<T>(
-				n,
-				100,
-				RewardDestination::Staked,
-				false
-			)?;
+		for i in 0..u as u32 {
+			let (stash, controller) =
+				create_unique_stash_controller::<T>(i, 100, RewardDestination::Staked, false)?;
 			controllers.push(controller);
 			stashes.push(stash);
 		}
 		let bounded_controllers: BoundedVec<_, T::MaxControllersInDeprecationBatch> =
 			BoundedVec::try_from(controllers.clone()).unwrap();
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Root, bounded_controllers)
-	verify {
-		for n in 0..i as u32 {
-			let stash = &stashes[n as usize];
-			let controller = &controllers[n as usize];
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root, bounded_controllers);
+
+		for i in 0..u as u32 {
+			let stash = &stashes[i as usize];
+			let controller = &controllers[i as usize];
 			// Ledger no longer keyed by controller.
 			assert_eq!(Ledger::<T>::get(controller), None);
 			// Bonded now maps to the stash.
@@ -556,15 +641,19 @@ benchmarks! {
 			// Ledger is now keyed by stash.
 			assert_eq!(Ledger::<T>::get(stash).unwrap().stash, *stash);
 		}
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	force_unstake {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn force_unstake(
 		// Slashing Spans
-		let s in 0 .. MAX_SPANS;
+		s: Linear<0, MAX_SPANS>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// Clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
-		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(T::Currency::minimum_balance());
+		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(asset::existential_deposit::<T>());
 
 		// setup a worst case list scenario. Note that we don't care about the setup of the
 		// destination position because we are doing a removal from the list but no insert.
@@ -574,30 +663,38 @@ benchmarks! {
 		assert!(T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
 		add_slashing_spans::<T>(&stash, s);
 
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Root, stash.clone(), s)
-	verify {
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root, stash.clone(), s);
+
 		assert!(!Ledger::<T>::contains_key(&controller));
 		assert!(!T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	cancel_deferred_slash {
-		let s in 1 .. MAX_SLASHES;
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn cancel_deferred_slash(s: Linear<1, MAX_SLASHES>) {
 		let mut unapplied_slashes = Vec::new();
 		let era = EraIndex::one();
 		let dummy = || T::AccountId::decode(&mut TrailingZeroInput::zeroes()).unwrap();
-		for _ in 0 .. MAX_SLASHES {
-			unapplied_slashes.push(UnappliedSlash::<T::AccountId, BalanceOf<T>>::default_from(dummy()));
+		for _ in 0..MAX_SLASHES {
+			unapplied_slashes
+				.push(UnappliedSlash::<T::AccountId, BalanceOf<T>>::default_from(dummy()));
 		}
 		UnappliedSlashes::<T>::insert(era, &unapplied_slashes);
 
-		let slash_indices: Vec<u32> = (0 .. s).collect();
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Root, era, slash_indices)
-	verify {
+		let slash_indices: Vec<u32> = (0..s).collect();
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root, era, slash_indices);
+
 		assert_eq!(UnappliedSlashes::<T>::get(&era).len(), (MAX_SLASHES - s) as usize);
 	}
 
-	payout_stakers_alive_staked {
-		let n in 0 .. T::MaxExposurePageSize::get() as u32;
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn payout_stakers_alive_staked(
+		n: Linear<0, { T::MaxExposurePageSize::get() as u32 }>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		let (validator, nominators) = create_validator_with_nominators::<T>(
 			n,
 			T::MaxExposurePageSize::get() as u32,
@@ -608,39 +705,47 @@ benchmarks! {
 
 		let current_era = CurrentEra::<T>::get().unwrap();
 		// set the commission for this particular era as well.
-		<ErasValidatorPrefs<T>>::insert(current_era, validator.clone(), <Staking<T>>::validators(&validator));
+		<ErasValidatorPrefs<T>>::insert(
+			current_era,
+			validator.clone(),
+			<Staking<T>>::validators(&validator),
+		);
 
 		let caller = whitelisted_caller();
-		let balance_before = T::Currency::free_balance(&validator);
+		let balance_before = asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(&validator);
 		let mut nominator_balances_before = Vec::new();
 		for (stash, _) in &nominators {
-			let balance = T::Currency::free_balance(stash);
+			let balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(stash);
 			nominator_balances_before.push(balance);
 		}
-	}: payout_stakers(RawOrigin::Signed(caller), validator.clone(), current_era)
-	verify {
-		let balance_after = T::Currency::free_balance(&validator);
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		payout_stakers(RawOrigin::Signed(caller), validator.clone(), current_era);
+
+		let balance_after = asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(&validator);
 		ensure!(
 			balance_before < balance_after,
 			"Balance of validator stash should have increased after payout.",
 		);
-		for ((stash, _), balance_before) in nominators.iter().zip(nominator_balances_before.iter()) {
-			let balance_after = T::Currency::free_balance(stash);
+		for ((stash, _), balance_before) in nominators.iter().zip(nominator_balances_before.iter())
+		{
+			let balance_after = asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(stash);
 			ensure!(
 				balance_before < &balance_after,
 				"Balance of nominator stash should have increased after payout.",
 			);
 		}
-	}
 
-	rebond {
-		let l in 1 .. T::MaxUnlockingChunks::get() as u32;
+		Ok(())
+	}
 
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn rebond(l: Linear<1, { T::MaxUnlockingChunks::get() as u32 }>) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
 		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get()
-			.max(T::Currency::minimum_balance())
+			.max(asset::existential_deposit::<T>())
 			// we use 100 to play friendly with the list threshold values in the mock
 			.max(100u32.into());
 
@@ -658,35 +763,35 @@ benchmarks! {
 		// so the sum of unlocking chunks puts voter into the dest bag.
 		assert!(value * l.into() + origin_weight > origin_weight);
 		assert!(value * l.into() + origin_weight <= dest_weight);
-		let unlock_chunk = UnlockChunk::<BalanceOf<T>> {
-			value,
-			era: EraIndex::zero(),
-		};
+		let unlock_chunk = UnlockChunk::<BalanceOf<T>> { value, era: EraIndex::zero() };
 
-		let stash = scenario.origin_stash1.clone();
 		let controller = scenario.origin_controller1;
 		let mut staking_ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(controller.clone()).unwrap();
 
-		for _ in 0 .. l {
+		for _ in 0..l {
 			staking_ledger.unlocking.try_push(unlock_chunk.clone()).unwrap()
 		}
 		Ledger::<T>::insert(controller.clone(), staking_ledger.clone());
 		let original_bonded: BalanceOf<T> = staking_ledger.active;
 
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), rebond_amount)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller.clone()), rebond_amount);
+
 		let ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(&controller).ok_or("ledger not created after")?;
 		let new_bonded: BalanceOf<T> = ledger.active;
 		assert!(original_bonded < new_bonded);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	reap_stash {
-		let s in 1 .. MAX_SPANS;
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn reap_stash(s: Linear<1, MAX_SPANS>) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
-		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(T::Currency::minimum_balance());
+		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(asset::existential_deposit::<T>());
 
 		// setup a worst case list scenario. Note that we don't care about the setup of the
 		// destination position because we are doing a removal from the list but no insert.
@@ -695,26 +800,26 @@ benchmarks! {
 		let stash = scenario.origin_stash1;
 
 		add_slashing_spans::<T>(&stash, s);
-		let l = StakingLedger::<T>::new(
-			stash.clone(),
-			T::Currency::minimum_balance() - One::one(),
-		);
+		let l =
+			StakingLedger::<T>::new(stash.clone(), asset::existential_deposit::<T>() - One::one());
 		Ledger::<T>::insert(&controller, l);
 
 		assert!(Bonded::<T>::contains_key(&stash));
 		assert!(T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
 
 		whitelist_account!(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(controller), stash.clone(), s)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(controller), stash.clone(), s);
+
 		assert!(!Bonded::<T>::contains_key(&stash));
 		assert!(!T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
-	}
 
-	new_era {
-		let v in 1 .. 10;
-		let n in 0 .. 100;
+		Ok(())
+	}
 
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn new_era(v: Linear<1, 10>, n: Linear<0, 100>) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		create_validators_with_nominators_for_era::<T>(
 			v,
 			n,
@@ -723,16 +828,21 @@ benchmarks! {
 			None,
 		)?;
 		let session_index = SessionIndex::one();
-	}: {
-		let validators = Staking::<T>::try_trigger_new_era(session_index, true)
-			.ok_or("`new_era` failed")?;
+
+		let validators;
+		#[block]
+		{
+			validators =
+				Staking::<T>::try_trigger_new_era(session_index, true).ok_or("`new_era` failed")?;
+		}
+
 		assert!(validators.len() == v as usize);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	#[extra]
-	payout_all {
-		let v in 1 .. 10;
-		let n in 0 .. 100;
+	#[benchmark(extra)]
+	fn payout_all(v: Linear<1, 10>, n: Linear<0, 100>) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		create_validators_with_nominators_for_era::<T>(
 			v,
 			n,
@@ -764,99 +874,140 @@ benchmarks! {
 		ErasRewardPoints::<T>::insert(current_era, reward);
 
 		// Create reward pool
-		let total_payout = T::Currency::minimum_balance() * 1000u32.into();
+		let total_payout = asset::existential_deposit::<T>() * 1000u32.into();
 		<ErasValidatorReward<T>>::insert(current_era, total_payout);
 
 		let caller: T::AccountId = whitelisted_caller();
 		let origin = RawOrigin::Signed(caller);
-		let calls: Vec<_> = payout_calls_arg.iter().map(|arg|
-			Call::<T>::payout_stakers_by_page { validator_stash: arg.0.clone(), era: arg.1, page: 0 }.encode()
-		).collect();
-	}: {
-		for call in calls {
-			<Call<T> as Decode>::decode(&mut &*call)
-				.expect("call is encoded above, encoding must be correct")
-				.dispatch_bypass_filter(origin.clone().into())?;
+		let calls: Vec<_> = payout_calls_arg
+			.iter()
+			.map(|arg| {
+				Call::<T>::payout_stakers_by_page {
+					validator_stash: arg.0.clone(),
+					era: arg.1,
+					page: 0,
+				}
+				.encode()
+			})
+			.collect();
+
+		#[block]
+		{
+			for call in calls {
+				<Call<T> as Decode>::decode(&mut &*call)
+					.expect("call is encoded above, encoding must be correct")
+					.dispatch_bypass_filter(origin.clone().into())?;
+			}
 		}
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	#[extra]
-	do_slash {
-		let l in 1 .. T::MaxUnlockingChunks::get() as u32;
+	#[benchmark(extra)]
+	fn do_slash(
+		l: Linear<1, { T::MaxUnlockingChunks::get() as u32 }>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(0, 100, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
 		let mut staking_ledger = Ledger::<T>::get(controller.clone()).unwrap();
-		let unlock_chunk = UnlockChunk::<BalanceOf<T>> {
-			value: 1u32.into(),
-			era: EraIndex::zero(),
-		};
-		for _ in 0 .. l {
+		let unlock_chunk =
+			UnlockChunk::<BalanceOf<T>> { value: 1u32.into(), era: EraIndex::zero() };
+		for _ in 0..l {
 			staking_ledger.unlocking.try_push(unlock_chunk.clone()).unwrap();
 		}
 		Ledger::<T>::insert(controller, staking_ledger);
-		let slash_amount = T::Currency::minimum_balance() * 10u32.into();
-		let balance_before = T::Currency::free_balance(&stash);
-	}: {
-		crate::slashing::do_slash::<T>(
-			&stash,
-			slash_amount,
-			&mut BalanceOf::<T>::zero(),
-			&mut NegativeImbalanceOf::<T>::zero(),
-			EraIndex::zero()
-		);
-	} verify {
-		let balance_after = T::Currency::free_balance(&stash);
+		let slash_amount = asset::existential_deposit::<T>() * 10u32.into();
+		let balance_before = asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(&stash);
+
+		#[block]
+		{
+			crate::slashing::do_slash::<T>(
+				&stash,
+				slash_amount,
+				&mut BalanceOf::<T>::zero(),
+				&mut NegativeImbalanceOf::<T>::zero(),
+				EraIndex::zero(),
+			);
+		}
+
+		let balance_after = asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(&stash);
 		assert!(balance_before > balance_after);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	get_npos_voters {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn get_npos_voters(
 		// number of validator intention. we will iterate all of them.
-		let v in (MaxValidators::<T>::get() / 2) .. MaxValidators::<T>::get();
-		// number of nominator intention. we will iterate all of them.
-		let n in (MaxNominators::<T>::get() / 2) .. MaxNominators::<T>::get();
+		v: Linear<{ MaxValidators::<T>::get() / 2 }, { MaxValidators::<T>::get() }>,
 
-		let validators = create_validators_with_nominators_for_era::<T>(
-			v, n, MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() as usize, false, None
-		)?
-		.into_iter()
-		.map(|v| T::Lookup::lookup(v).unwrap())
-		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		// number of nominator intention. we will iterate all of them.
+		n: Linear<{ MaxNominators::<T>::get() / 2 }, { MaxNominators::<T>::get() }>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
+		create_validators_with_nominators_for_era::<T>(
+			v,
+			n,
+			MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() as usize,
+			false,
+			None,
+		)?;
 
 		assert_eq!(Validators::<T>::count(), v);
 		assert_eq!(Nominators::<T>::count(), n);
 
 		let num_voters = (v + n) as usize;
-	}: {
+
 		// default bounds are unbounded.
-		let voters = <Staking<T>>::get_npos_voters(DataProviderBounds::default());
+		let voters;
+		#[block]
+		{
+			voters = <Staking<T>>::get_npos_voters(DataProviderBounds::default());
+		}
+
 		assert_eq!(voters.len(), num_voters);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	get_npos_targets {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn get_npos_targets(
 		// number of validator intention.
-		let v in (MaxValidators::<T>::get() / 2) .. MaxValidators::<T>::get();
+		v: Linear<{ MaxValidators::<T>::get() / 2 }, { MaxValidators::<T>::get() }>,
+	) -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// number of nominator intention.
 		let n = MaxNominators::<T>::get();
 
-		let _ = create_validators_with_nominators_for_era::<T>(
-			v, n, MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() as usize, false, None
-		)?;
-	}: {
+		#[block]
+		{
+			create_validators_with_nominators_for_era::<T>(
+				v,
+				n,
+				MaxNominationsOf::<T>::get() as usize,
+				false,
+				None,
+			)?;
+		}
+
 		// default bounds are unbounded.
 		let targets = <Staking<T>>::get_npos_targets(DataProviderBounds::default());
 		assert_eq!(targets.len() as u32, v);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	set_staking_configs_all_set {
-	}: set_staking_configs(
-		RawOrigin::Root,
-		ConfigOp::Set(BalanceOf::<T>::max_value()),
-		ConfigOp::Set(BalanceOf::<T>::max_value()),
-		ConfigOp::Set(u32::MAX),
-		ConfigOp::Set(u32::MAX),
-		ConfigOp::Set(Percent::max_value()),
-		ConfigOp::Set(Perbill::max_value()),
-		ConfigOp::Set(Percent::max_value())
-	) verify {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn set_staking_configs_all_set() {
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		set_staking_configs(
+			RawOrigin::Root,
+			ConfigOp::Set(BalanceOf::<T>::max_value()),
+			ConfigOp::Set(BalanceOf::<T>::max_value()),
+			ConfigOp::Set(u32::MAX),
+			ConfigOp::Set(u32::MAX),
+			ConfigOp::Set(Percent::max_value()),
+			ConfigOp::Set(Perbill::max_value()),
+			ConfigOp::Set(Percent::max_value()),
+		);
+
 		assert_eq!(MinNominatorBond::<T>::get(), BalanceOf::<T>::max_value());
 		assert_eq!(MinValidatorBond::<T>::get(), BalanceOf::<T>::max_value());
 		assert_eq!(MaxNominatorsCount::<T>::get(), Some(u32::MAX));
@@ -866,17 +1017,20 @@ benchmarks! {
 		assert_eq!(MaxStakedRewards::<T>::get(), Some(Percent::from_percent(100)));
 	}
 
-	set_staking_configs_all_remove {
-	}: set_staking_configs(
-		RawOrigin::Root,
-		ConfigOp::Remove,
-		ConfigOp::Remove,
-		ConfigOp::Remove,
-		ConfigOp::Remove,
-		ConfigOp::Remove,
-		ConfigOp::Remove,
-		ConfigOp::Remove
-	) verify {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn set_staking_configs_all_remove() {
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		set_staking_configs(
+			RawOrigin::Root,
+			ConfigOp::Remove,
+			ConfigOp::Remove,
+			ConfigOp::Remove,
+			ConfigOp::Remove,
+			ConfigOp::Remove,
+			ConfigOp::Remove,
+			ConfigOp::Remove,
+		);
+
 		assert!(!MinNominatorBond::<T>::exists());
 		assert!(!MinValidatorBond::<T>::exists());
 		assert!(!MaxNominatorsCount::<T>::exists());
@@ -886,16 +1040,16 @@ benchmarks! {
 		assert!(!MaxStakedRewards::<T>::exists());
 	}
 
-	chill_other {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn chill_other() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// clean up any existing state.
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
-		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(T::Currency::minimum_balance());
+		let origin_weight = MinNominatorBond::<T>::get().max(asset::existential_deposit::<T>());
 
 		// setup a worst case list scenario. Note that we don't care about the setup of the
 		// destination position because we are doing a removal from the list but no insert.
 		let scenario = ListScenario::<T>::new(origin_weight, true)?;
-		let controller = scenario.origin_controller1.clone();
 		let stash = scenario.origin_stash1;
 		assert!(T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
 
@@ -911,18 +1065,22 @@ benchmarks! {
 		)?;
 
 		let caller = whitelisted_caller();
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(caller), stash.clone())
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(caller), stash.clone());
+
 		assert!(!T::VoterList::contains(&stash));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	force_apply_min_commission {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn force_apply_min_commission() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		// Clean up any existing state
 		clear_validators_and_nominators::<T>();
 
 		// Create a validator with a commission of 50%
-		let (stash, controller) =
-			create_stash_controller::<T>(1, 1, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
+		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(1, 1, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
 		let validator_prefs =
 			ValidatorPrefs { commission: Perbill::from_percent(50), ..Default::default() };
 		Staking::<T>::validate(RawOrigin::Signed(controller).into(), validator_prefs)?;
@@ -936,29 +1094,41 @@ benchmarks! {
 		// Set the min commission to 75%
 		MinCommission::<T>::set(Perbill::from_percent(75));
 		let caller = whitelisted_caller();
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Signed(caller), stash.clone())
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Signed(caller), stash.clone());
+
 		// The validators commission has been bumped to 75%
 		assert_eq!(
 			Validators::<T>::get(&stash),
 			ValidatorPrefs { commission: Perbill::from_percent(75), ..Default::default() }
 		);
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	set_min_commission {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn set_min_commission() {
 		let min_commission = Perbill::max_value();
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Root, min_commission)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root, min_commission);
+
 		assert_eq!(MinCommission::<T>::get(), Perbill::from_percent(100));
 	}
 
-	restore_ledger {
+	#[benchmark]
+	fn restore_ledger() -> Result<(), BenchmarkError> {
 		let (stash, controller) = create_stash_controller::<T>(0, 100, RewardDestination::Staked)?;
 		// corrupt ledger.
 		Ledger::<T>::remove(controller);
-	}: _(RawOrigin::Root, stash.clone(), None, None, None)
-	verify {
+
+		#[extrinsic_call]
+		_(RawOrigin::Root, stash.clone(), None, None, None);
+
 		assert_eq!(Staking::<T>::inspect_bond_state(&stash), Ok(LedgerIntegrityState::Ok));
+
+		Ok(())
 	}
 
 	impl_benchmark_test_suite!(
@@ -972,7 +1142,7 @@ benchmarks! {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
-	use crate::mock::{Balances, ExtBuilder, RuntimeOrigin, Staking, Test};
+	use crate::mock::{ExtBuilder, RuntimeOrigin, Staking, Test};
 	use frame_support::assert_ok;
 
 	#[test]
@@ -1019,16 +1189,17 @@ mod tests {
 
 			let current_era = CurrentEra::<Test>::get().unwrap();
 
-			let original_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&validator_stash);
+			let original_stakeable_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&validator_stash);
 			assert_ok!(Staking::payout_stakers_by_page(
 				RuntimeOrigin::signed(1337),
 				validator_stash,
 				current_era,
 				0
 			));
-			let new_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&validator_stash);
+			let new_stakeable_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&validator_stash);
 
-			assert!(original_free_balance < new_free_balance);
+			// reward increases stakeable balance
+			assert!(original_stakeable_balance < new_stakeable_balance);
 		});
 	}
 
@@ -1064,25 +1235,4 @@ mod tests {
 			}
 		});
 	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn test_payout_all() {
-		ExtBuilder::default().build_and_execute(|| {
-			let v = 10;
-			let n = 100;
-
-			let selected_benchmark = SelectedBenchmark::payout_all;
-			let c = vec![
-				(frame_benchmarking::BenchmarkParameter::v, v),
-				(frame_benchmarking::BenchmarkParameter::n, n),
-			];
-
-			assert_ok!(
-				<SelectedBenchmark as frame_benchmarking::BenchmarkingSetup<Test>>::unit_test_instance(
-					&selected_benchmark,
-					&c,
-				)
-			);
-		});
-	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/ledger.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/ledger.rs
index dc4b4fc326b819304d719aedbfbefcf3963ec0fd..ac3be04cf607176d6aee437a7b49bc3f4afffd55 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/staking/src/ledger.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/ledger.rs
@@ -31,15 +31,12 @@
 //! performed through the methods exposed by the [`StakingLedger`] implementation in order to ensure
 //! state consistency.
 
-use frame_support::{
-	defensive, ensure,
-	traits::{Defensive, LockableCurrency},
-};
+use frame_support::{defensive, ensure, traits::Defensive};
 use sp_staking::{StakingAccount, StakingInterface};
 
 use crate::{
-	BalanceOf, Bonded, Config, Error, Ledger, Pallet, Payee, RewardDestination, StakingLedger,
-	VirtualStakers, STAKING_ID,
+	asset, BalanceOf, Bonded, Config, Error, Ledger, Pallet, Payee, RewardDestination,
+	StakingLedger, VirtualStakers,
 };
 
 #[cfg(any(feature = "runtime-benchmarks", test))]
@@ -190,12 +187,7 @@ impl<T: Config> StakingLedger<T> {
 		// We skip locking virtual stakers.
 		if !Pallet::<T>::is_virtual_staker(&self.stash) {
 			// for direct stakers, update lock on stash based on ledger.
-			T::Currency::set_lock(
-				STAKING_ID,
-				&self.stash,
-				self.total,
-				frame_support::traits::WithdrawReasons::all(),
-			);
+			asset::update_stake::<T>(&self.stash, self.total);
 		}
 
 		Ledger::<T>::insert(
@@ -269,7 +261,7 @@ impl<T: Config> StakingLedger<T> {
 			// kill virtual staker if it exists.
 			if <VirtualStakers<T>>::take(&stash).is_none() {
 				// if not virtual staker, clear locks.
-				T::Currency::remove_lock(STAKING_ID, &ledger.stash);
+				asset::kill_stake::<T>(&ledger.stash);
 			}
 
 			Ok(())
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/lib.rs
index 9e59cbd3d0cb8bc2b2b83c13f07d3951d21c095b..19d999109d8ddf6631ae8b4c5e943a90f3dd5e2a 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/staking/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/lib.rs
@@ -295,6 +295,7 @@ pub(crate) mod mock;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
 
+pub mod asset;
 pub mod election_size_tracker;
 pub mod inflation;
 pub mod ledger;
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/pallet/impls.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/pallet/impls.rs
index 2df3bc084eb0b4f6aef5cbbe665d3f2b66ec80cb..6c4fe8140e8ef2528ba65d6d279c87a7520cd721 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/staking/src/pallet/impls.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/pallet/impls.rs
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ use frame_support::{
 	dispatch::WithPostDispatchInfo,
 	pallet_prelude::*,
 	traits::{
-		Currency, Defensive, DefensiveSaturating, EstimateNextNewSession, Get, Imbalance,
-		InspectLockableCurrency, Len, LockableCurrency, OnUnbalanced, TryCollect, UnixTime,
+		Defensive, DefensiveSaturating, EstimateNextNewSession, Get, Imbalance, Len, OnUnbalanced,
+		TryCollect, UnixTime,
 	},
 	weights::Weight,
 };
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ use sp_staking::{
 };
 
 use crate::{
-	election_size_tracker::StaticTracker, log, slashing, weights::WeightInfo, ActiveEraInfo,
+	asset, election_size_tracker::StaticTracker, log, slashing, weights::WeightInfo, ActiveEraInfo,
 	BalanceOf, EraInfo, EraPayout, Exposure, ExposureOf, Forcing, IndividualExposure,
 	LedgerIntegrityState, MaxNominationsOf, MaxWinnersOf, Nominations, NominationsQuota,
 	PositiveImbalanceOf, RewardDestination, SessionInterface, StakingLedger, ValidatorPrefs,
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	pub(crate) fn inspect_bond_state(
 		stash: &T::AccountId,
 	) -> Result<LedgerIntegrityState, Error<T>> {
-		let lock = T::Currency::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &stash);
+		let lock = asset::staked::<T>(&stash);
 
 		let controller = <Bonded<T>>::get(stash).ok_or_else(|| {
 			if lock == Zero::zero() {
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	pub fn weight_of_fn() -> Box<dyn Fn(&T::AccountId) -> VoteWeight> {
 		// NOTE: changing this to unboxed `impl Fn(..)` return type and the pallet will still
 		// compile, while some types in mock fail to resolve.
-		let issuance = T::Currency::total_issuance();
+		let issuance = asset::total_issuance::<T>();
 		Box::new(move |who: &T::AccountId| -> VoteWeight {
 			Self::slashable_balance_of_vote_weight(who, issuance)
 		})
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 
 	/// Same as `weight_of_fn`, but made for one time use.
 	pub fn weight_of(who: &T::AccountId) -> VoteWeight {
-		let issuance = T::Currency::total_issuance();
+		let issuance = asset::total_issuance::<T>();
 		Self::slashable_balance_of_vote_weight(who, issuance)
 	}
 
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		} else {
 			// additional amount or actual balance of stash whichever is lower.
 			additional.min(
-				T::Currency::free_balance(stash)
+				asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(stash)
 					.checked_sub(&ledger.total)
 					.ok_or(ArithmeticError::Overflow)?,
 			)
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		ledger.total = ledger.total.checked_add(&extra).ok_or(ArithmeticError::Overflow)?;
 		ledger.active = ledger.active.checked_add(&extra).ok_or(ArithmeticError::Overflow)?;
 		// last check: the new active amount of ledger must be more than ED.
-		ensure!(ledger.active >= T::Currency::minimum_balance(), Error::<T>::InsufficientBond);
+		ensure!(ledger.active >= asset::existential_deposit::<T>(), Error::<T>::InsufficientBond);
 
 		// NOTE: ledger must be updated prior to calling `Self::weight_of`.
 		ledger.update()?;
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		}
 		let new_total = ledger.total;
 
-		let ed = T::Currency::minimum_balance();
+		let ed = asset::existential_deposit::<T>();
 		let used_weight =
 			if ledger.unlocking.is_empty() && (ledger.active < ed || ledger.active.is_zero()) {
 				// This account must have called `unbond()` with some value that caused the active
@@ -414,12 +414,12 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		let dest = Self::payee(StakingAccount::Stash(stash.clone()))?;
 
 		let maybe_imbalance = match dest {
-			RewardDestination::Stash => T::Currency::deposit_into_existing(stash, amount).ok(),
+			RewardDestination::Stash => asset::mint_existing::<T>(stash, amount),
 			RewardDestination::Staked => Self::ledger(Stash(stash.clone()))
 				.and_then(|mut ledger| {
 					ledger.active += amount;
 					ledger.total += amount;
-					let r = T::Currency::deposit_into_existing(stash, amount).ok();
+					let r = asset::mint_existing::<T>(stash, amount);
 
 					let _ = ledger
 						.update()
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 				})
 				.unwrap_or_default(),
 			RewardDestination::Account(ref dest_account) =>
-				Some(T::Currency::deposit_creating(&dest_account, amount)),
+				Some(asset::mint_creating::<T>(&dest_account, amount)),
 			RewardDestination::None => None,
 			#[allow(deprecated)]
 			RewardDestination::Controller => Self::bonded(stash)
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 						defensive!("Paying out controller as reward destination which is deprecated and should be migrated.");
 						// This should never happen once payees with a `Controller` variant have been migrated.
 						// But if it does, just pay the controller account.
-						T::Currency::deposit_creating(&controller, amount)
+						asset::mint_creating::<T>(&controller, amount)
 		}),
 		};
 		maybe_imbalance.map(|imbalance| (imbalance, dest))
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 			let era_duration = (now_as_millis_u64.defensive_saturating_sub(active_era_start))
 				.saturated_into::<u64>();
 			let staked = Self::eras_total_stake(&active_era.index);
-			let issuance = T::Currency::total_issuance();
+			let issuance = asset::total_issuance::<T>();
 
 			let (validator_payout, remainder) =
 				T::EraPayout::era_payout(staked, issuance, era_duration);
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 
 			// Set ending era reward.
 			<ErasValidatorReward<T>>::insert(&active_era.index, validator_payout);
-			T::RewardRemainder::on_unbalanced(T::Currency::issue(remainder));
+			T::RewardRemainder::on_unbalanced(asset::issue::<T>(remainder));
 
 			// Clear disabled validators.
 			<DisabledValidators<T>>::kill();
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 	fn collect_exposures(
 		supports: BoundedSupportsOf<T::ElectionProvider>,
 	) -> BoundedVec<(T::AccountId, Exposure<T::AccountId, BalanceOf<T>>), MaxWinnersOf<T>> {
-		let total_issuance = T::Currency::total_issuance();
+		let total_issuance = asset::total_issuance::<T>();
 		let to_currency = |e: frame_election_provider_support::ExtendedBalance| {
 			T::CurrencyToVote::to_currency(e, total_issuance)
 		};
@@ -1581,7 +1581,7 @@ impl<T: Config> ScoreProvider<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T> {
 		// also, we play a trick to make sure that a issuance based-`CurrencyToVote` behaves well:
 		// This will make sure that total issuance is zero, thus the currency to vote will be a 1-1
 		// conversion.
-		let imbalance = T::Currency::burn(T::Currency::total_issuance());
+		let imbalance = asset::burn::<T>(asset::total_issuance::<T>());
 		// kinda ugly, but gets the job done. The fact that this works here is a HUGE exception.
 		// Don't try this pattern in other places.
 		core::mem::forget(imbalance);
@@ -1919,7 +1919,7 @@ impl<T: Config> StakingInterface for Pallet<T> {
 
 impl<T: Config> sp_staking::StakingUnchecked for Pallet<T> {
 	fn migrate_to_virtual_staker(who: &Self::AccountId) {
-		T::Currency::remove_lock(crate::STAKING_ID, who);
+		asset::kill_stake::<T>(who);
 		VirtualStakers::<T>::insert(who, ());
 	}
 
@@ -1956,12 +1956,7 @@ impl<T: Config> sp_staking::StakingUnchecked for Pallet<T> {
 	fn migrate_to_direct_staker(who: &Self::AccountId) {
 		assert!(VirtualStakers::<T>::contains_key(who));
 		let ledger = StakingLedger::<T>::get(Stash(who.clone())).unwrap();
-		T::Currency::set_lock(
-			crate::STAKING_ID,
-			who,
-			ledger.total,
-			frame_support::traits::WithdrawReasons::all(),
-		);
+		asset::update_stake::<T>(who, ledger.total);
 		VirtualStakers::<T>::remove(who);
 	}
 }
@@ -2097,7 +2092,7 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 				// ensure locks consistency.
 				if VirtualStakers::<T>::contains_key(stash.clone()) {
 					ensure!(
-						T::Currency::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &stash) == Zero::zero(),
+						asset::staked::<T>(&stash) == Zero::zero(),
 						"virtual stakers should not have any locked balance"
 					);
 					ensure!(
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/pallet/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/pallet/mod.rs
index 8a4482f52ad5e1a05b9d1c2ef3155c7bc0e7eeb3..28aa4f89b6227e8c58dd832f15a5699838398bdd 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/staking/src/pallet/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/pallet/mod.rs
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ use frame_election_provider_support::{
 use frame_support::{
 	pallet_prelude::*,
 	traits::{
-		Currency, Defensive, DefensiveSaturating, EnsureOrigin, EstimateNextNewSession, Get,
-		InspectLockableCurrency, LockableCurrency, OnUnbalanced, UnixTime, WithdrawReasons,
+		Defensive, DefensiveSaturating, EnsureOrigin, EstimateNextNewSession, Get,
+		InspectLockableCurrency, LockableCurrency, OnUnbalanced, UnixTime,
 	},
 	weights::Weight,
 	BoundedVec,
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ mod impls;
 pub use impls::*;
 
 use crate::{
-	slashing, weights::WeightInfo, AccountIdLookupOf, ActiveEraInfo, BalanceOf, DisablingStrategy,
-	EraPayout, EraRewardPoints, Exposure, ExposurePage, Forcing, LedgerIntegrityState,
-	MaxNominationsOf, NegativeImbalanceOf, Nominations, NominationsQuota, PositiveImbalanceOf,
-	RewardDestination, SessionInterface, StakingLedger, UnappliedSlash, UnlockChunk,
-	ValidatorPrefs,
+	asset, slashing, weights::WeightInfo, AccountIdLookupOf, ActiveEraInfo, BalanceOf,
+	DisablingStrategy, EraPayout, EraRewardPoints, Exposure, ExposurePage, Forcing,
+	LedgerIntegrityState, MaxNominationsOf, NegativeImbalanceOf, Nominations, NominationsQuota,
+	PositiveImbalanceOf, RewardDestination, SessionInterface, StakingLedger, UnappliedSlash,
+	UnlockChunk, ValidatorPrefs,
 };
 
 // The speculative number of spans are used as an input of the weight annotation of
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					status
 				);
 				assert!(
-					T::Currency::free_balance(stash) >= balance,
+					asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(stash) >= balance,
 					"Stash does not have enough balance to bond."
 				);
 				frame_support::assert_ok!(<Pallet<T>>::bond(
@@ -1023,14 +1023,14 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			}
 
 			// Reject a bond which is considered to be _dust_.
-			if value < T::Currency::minimum_balance() {
+			if value < asset::existential_deposit::<T>() {
 				return Err(Error::<T>::InsufficientBond.into())
 			}
 
 			// Would fail if account has no provider.
 			frame_system::Pallet::<T>::inc_consumers(&stash)?;
 
-			let stash_balance = T::Currency::free_balance(&stash);
+			let stash_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(&stash);
 			let value = value.min(stash_balance);
 			Self::deposit_event(Event::<T>::Bonded { stash: stash.clone(), amount: value });
 			let ledger = StakingLedger::<T>::new(stash.clone(), value);
@@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 
 		/// Schedule a portion of the stash to be unlocked ready for transfer out after the bond
 		/// period ends. If this leaves an amount actively bonded less than
-		/// T::Currency::minimum_balance(), then it is increased to the full amount.
+		/// [`asset::existential_deposit`], then it is increased to the full amount.
 		///
 		/// The dispatch origin for this call must be _Signed_ by the controller, not the stash.
 		///
@@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 				ledger.active -= value;
 
 				// Avoid there being a dust balance left in the staking system.
-				if ledger.active < T::Currency::minimum_balance() {
+				if ledger.active < asset::existential_deposit::<T>() {
 					value += ledger.active;
 					ledger.active = Zero::zero();
 				}
@@ -1654,7 +1654,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			let initial_unlocking = ledger.unlocking.len() as u32;
 			let (ledger, rebonded_value) = ledger.rebond(value);
 			// Last check: the new active amount of ledger must be more than ED.
-			ensure!(ledger.active >= T::Currency::minimum_balance(), Error::<T>::InsufficientBond);
+			ensure!(
+				ledger.active >= asset::existential_deposit::<T>(),
+				Error::<T>::InsufficientBond
+			);
 
 			Self::deposit_event(Event::<T>::Bonded {
 				stash: ledger.stash.clone(),
@@ -1706,8 +1709,8 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			// virtual stakers should not be allowed to be reaped.
 			ensure!(!Self::is_virtual_staker(&stash), Error::<T>::VirtualStakerNotAllowed);
 
-			let ed = T::Currency::minimum_balance();
-			let origin_balance = T::Currency::total_balance(&stash);
+			let ed = asset::existential_deposit::<T>();
+			let origin_balance = asset::total_balance::<T>(&stash);
 			let ledger_total =
 				Self::ledger(Stash(stash.clone())).map(|l| l.total).unwrap_or_default();
 			let reapable = origin_balance < ed ||
@@ -2074,8 +2077,8 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			// cannot restore ledger for virtual stakers.
 			ensure!(!Self::is_virtual_staker(&stash), Error::<T>::VirtualStakerNotAllowed);
 
-			let current_lock = T::Currency::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &stash);
-			let stash_balance = T::Currency::free_balance(&stash);
+			let current_lock = asset::staked::<T>(&stash);
+			let stash_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<T>(&stash);
 
 			let (new_controller, new_total) = match Self::inspect_bond_state(&stash) {
 				Ok(LedgerIntegrityState::Corrupted) => {
@@ -2084,12 +2087,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					let new_total = if let Some(total) = maybe_total {
 						let new_total = total.min(stash_balance);
 						// enforce lock == ledger.amount.
-						T::Currency::set_lock(
-							crate::STAKING_ID,
-							&stash,
-							new_total,
-							WithdrawReasons::all(),
-						);
+						asset::update_stake::<T>(&stash, new_total);
 						new_total
 					} else {
 						current_lock
@@ -2116,18 +2114,13 @@ pub mod pallet {
 					// to enforce a new ledger.total and staking lock for this stash.
 					let new_total =
 						maybe_total.ok_or(Error::<T>::CannotRestoreLedger)?.min(stash_balance);
-					T::Currency::set_lock(
-						crate::STAKING_ID,
-						&stash,
-						new_total,
-						WithdrawReasons::all(),
-					);
+					asset::update_stake::<T>(&stash, new_total);
 
 					Ok((stash.clone(), new_total))
 				},
 				Err(Error::<T>::BadState) => {
 					// the stash and ledger do not exist but lock is lingering.
-					T::Currency::remove_lock(crate::STAKING_ID, &stash);
+					asset::kill_stake::<T>(&stash);
 					ensure!(
 						Self::inspect_bond_state(&stash) == Err(Error::<T>::NotStash),
 						Error::<T>::BadState
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/slashing.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/slashing.rs
index 9bc8197c50b3ec29f8a308128383ce50dba95a77..9fb782265b8b973cf90feac8fe1d521ff5132380 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/staking/src/slashing.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/slashing.rs
@@ -50,15 +50,15 @@
 //! Based on research at <https://research.web3.foundation/en/latest/polkadot/slashing/npos.html>
 
 use crate::{
-	BalanceOf, Config, DisabledValidators, DisablingStrategy, Error, Exposure, NegativeImbalanceOf,
-	NominatorSlashInEra, Pallet, Perbill, SessionInterface, SpanSlash, UnappliedSlash,
-	ValidatorSlashInEra,
+	asset, BalanceOf, Config, DisabledValidators, DisablingStrategy, Error, Exposure,
+	NegativeImbalanceOf, NominatorSlashInEra, Pallet, Perbill, SessionInterface, SpanSlash,
+	UnappliedSlash, ValidatorSlashInEra,
 };
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
 use frame_support::{
 	ensure,
-	traits::{Currency, Defensive, DefensiveSaturating, Imbalance, OnUnbalanced},
+	traits::{Defensive, DefensiveSaturating, Imbalance, OnUnbalanced},
 };
 use scale_info::TypeInfo;
 use sp_runtime::{
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ pub fn do_slash<T: Config>(
 			Err(_) => return, // nothing to do.
 		};
 
-	let value = ledger.slash(value, T::Currency::minimum_balance(), slash_era);
+	let value = ledger.slash(value, asset::existential_deposit::<T>(), slash_era);
 	if value.is_zero() {
 		// nothing to do
 		return
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ pub fn do_slash<T: Config>(
 
 	// Skip slashing for virtual stakers. The pallets managing them should handle the slashing.
 	if !Pallet::<T>::is_virtual_staker(stash) {
-		let (imbalance, missing) = T::Currency::slash(stash, value);
+		let (imbalance, missing) = asset::slash::<T>(stash, value);
 		slashed_imbalance.subsume(imbalance);
 
 		if !missing.is_zero() {
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ fn pay_reporters<T: Config>(
 
 		// this cancels out the reporter reward imbalance internally, leading
 		// to no change in total issuance.
-		T::Currency::resolve_creating(reporter, reporter_reward);
+		asset::deposit_slashed::<T>(reporter, reporter_reward);
 	}
 
 	// the rest goes to the on-slash imbalance handler (e.g. treasury)
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/testing_utils.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/testing_utils.rs
index 65aaa5f09de4e8476f961574946f9dcb1f4f4d8d..efd4a40f1ab4a6d82fbc83b2b18d4497a154aaaa 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/staking/src/testing_utils.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/testing_utils.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use rand_chacha::{
 use sp_io::hashing::blake2_256;
 
 use frame_election_provider_support::SortedListProvider;
-use frame_support::{pallet_prelude::*, traits::Currency};
+use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
 use sp_runtime::{traits::StaticLookup, Perbill};
 
 const SEED: u32 = 0;
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ pub fn create_funded_user<T: Config>(
 	balance_factor: u32,
 ) -> T::AccountId {
 	let user = account(string, n, SEED);
-	let balance = T::Currency::minimum_balance() * balance_factor.into();
-	let _ = T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&user, balance);
+	let balance = asset::existential_deposit::<T>() * balance_factor.into();
+	let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<T>(&user, balance);
 	user
 }
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub fn create_funded_user_with_balance<T: Config>(
 	balance: BalanceOf<T>,
 ) -> T::AccountId {
 	let user = account(string, n, SEED);
-	let _ = T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&user, balance);
+	let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<T>(&user, balance);
 	user
 }
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ pub fn create_stash_controller<T: Config>(
 ) -> Result<(T::AccountId, T::AccountId), &'static str> {
 	let staker = create_funded_user::<T>("stash", n, balance_factor);
 	let amount =
-		T::Currency::minimum_balance().max(1u64.into()) * (balance_factor / 10).max(1).into();
+		asset::existential_deposit::<T>().max(1u64.into()) * (balance_factor / 10).max(1).into();
 	Staking::<T>::bond(RawOrigin::Signed(staker.clone()).into(), amount, destination)?;
 	Ok((staker.clone(), staker))
 }
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ pub fn create_unique_stash_controller<T: Config>(
 	} else {
 		create_funded_user::<T>("controller", n, balance_factor)
 	};
-	let amount = T::Currency::minimum_balance() * (balance_factor / 10).max(1).into();
+	let amount = asset::existential_deposit::<T>() * (balance_factor / 10).max(1).into();
 	Staking::<T>::bond(RawOrigin::Signed(stash.clone()).into(), amount, destination)?;
 
 	// update ledger to be a *different* controller to stash
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ pub fn create_stash_and_dead_payee<T: Config>(
 	let staker = create_funded_user::<T>("stash", n, 0);
 	// payee has no funds
 	let payee = create_funded_user::<T>("payee", n, 0);
-	let amount = T::Currency::minimum_balance() * (balance_factor / 10).max(1).into();
+	let amount = asset::existential_deposit::<T>() * (balance_factor / 10).max(1).into();
 	Staking::<T>::bond(
 		RawOrigin::Signed(staker.clone()).into(),
 		amount,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/staking/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/staking/src/tests.rs
index ab2c00ca9cccd0b5b933519a2e3d0cec725d821d..639f4096456fb2d59e195aac4377de84a3917d55 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/staking/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/staking/src/tests.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 //! Tests for the module.
 
 use super::{ConfigOp, Event, *};
-use crate::ledger::StakingLedgerInspect;
+use crate::{asset, ledger::StakingLedgerInspect};
 use frame_election_provider_support::{
 	bounds::{DataProviderBounds, ElectionBoundsBuilder},
 	ElectionProvider, SortedListProvider, Support,
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use frame_support::{
 	assert_noop, assert_ok, assert_storage_noop,
 	dispatch::{extract_actual_weight, GetDispatchInfo, WithPostDispatchInfo},
 	pallet_prelude::*,
-	traits::{Currency, Get, InspectLockableCurrency, ReservableCurrency},
+	traits::{Currency, Get, ReservableCurrency},
 };
 
 use mock::*;
@@ -229,8 +229,8 @@ fn basic_setup_works() {
 		assert_eq!(active_era(), 0);
 
 		// Account 10 has `balance_factor` free balance
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(10), 1);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(10), 1);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&10), 1);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&10), 1);
 
 		// New era is not being forced
 		assert_eq!(Staking::force_era(), Forcing::NotForcing);
@@ -311,9 +311,9 @@ fn change_controller_already_paired_once_stash() {
 #[test]
 fn rewards_should_work() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().nominate(true).session_per_era(3).build_and_execute(|| {
-		let init_balance_11 = Balances::total_balance(&11);
-		let init_balance_21 = Balances::total_balance(&21);
-		let init_balance_101 = Balances::total_balance(&101);
+		let init_balance_11 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11);
+		let init_balance_21 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&21);
+		let init_balance_101 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&101);
 
 		// Set payees
 		Payee::<Test>::insert(11, RewardDestination::Account(11));
@@ -332,9 +332,9 @@ fn rewards_should_work() {
 		start_session(1);
 		assert_eq_uvec!(Session::validators(), vec![11, 21]);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&11), init_balance_11);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&21), init_balance_21);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&101), init_balance_101);
+		assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11), init_balance_11);
+		assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&21), init_balance_21);
+		assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&101), init_balance_101);
 		assert_eq!(
 			Staking::eras_reward_points(active_era()),
 			EraRewardPoints {
@@ -363,17 +363,17 @@ fn rewards_should_work() {
 		mock::make_all_reward_payment(0);
 
 		assert_eq_error_rate!(
-			Balances::total_balance(&11),
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11),
 			init_balance_11 + part_for_11 * total_payout_0 * 2 / 3,
 			2,
 		);
 		assert_eq_error_rate!(
-			Balances::total_balance(&21),
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&21),
 			init_balance_21 + part_for_21 * total_payout_0 * 1 / 3,
 			2,
 		);
 		assert_eq_error_rate!(
-			Balances::total_balance(&101),
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&101),
 			init_balance_101 +
 				part_for_101_from_11 * total_payout_0 * 2 / 3 +
 				part_for_101_from_21 * total_payout_0 * 1 / 3,
@@ -402,17 +402,17 @@ fn rewards_should_work() {
 		mock::make_all_reward_payment(1);
 
 		assert_eq_error_rate!(
-			Balances::total_balance(&11),
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11),
 			init_balance_11 + part_for_11 * (total_payout_0 * 2 / 3 + total_payout_1),
 			2,
 		);
 		assert_eq_error_rate!(
-			Balances::total_balance(&21),
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&21),
 			init_balance_21 + part_for_21 * total_payout_0 * 1 / 3,
 			2,
 		);
 		assert_eq_error_rate!(
-			Balances::total_balance(&101),
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&101),
 			init_balance_101 +
 				part_for_101_from_11 * (total_payout_0 * 2 / 3 + total_payout_1) +
 				part_for_101_from_21 * total_payout_0 * 1 / 3,
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ fn staking_should_work() {
 
 		// put some money in account that we'll use.
 		for i in 1..5 {
-			let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&i, 2000);
+			let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&i, 2000);
 		}
 
 		// --- Block 2:
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ fn nominating_and_rewards_should_work() {
 			// give the man some money
 			let initial_balance = 1000;
 			for i in [1, 3, 5, 11, 21].iter() {
-				let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(i, initial_balance);
+				let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&i, initial_balance);
 			}
 
 			// bond two account pairs and state interest in nomination.
@@ -636,12 +636,12 @@ fn nominating_and_rewards_should_work() {
 			assert_eq_uvec!(validator_controllers(), vec![21, 11]);
 
 			// old validators must have already received some rewards.
-			let initial_balance_41 = Balances::total_balance(&41);
-			let mut initial_balance_21 = Balances::total_balance(&21);
+			let initial_balance_41 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&41);
+			let mut initial_balance_21 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&21);
 			mock::make_all_reward_payment(0);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&41), initial_balance_41 + total_payout_0 / 2);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&21), initial_balance_21 + total_payout_0 / 2);
-			initial_balance_21 = Balances::total_balance(&21);
+			assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&41), initial_balance_41 + total_payout_0 / 2);
+			assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&21), initial_balance_21 + total_payout_0 / 2);
+			initial_balance_21 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&21);
 
 			assert_eq!(ErasStakersPaged::<Test>::iter_prefix_values((active_era(),)).count(), 2);
 			assert_eq!(
@@ -683,30 +683,30 @@ fn nominating_and_rewards_should_work() {
 			// Nominator 2: has [400/1800 ~ 2/9 from 10] + [600/2200 ~ 3/11 from 21]'s reward. ==>
 			// 2/9 + 3/11
 			assert_eq_error_rate!(
-				Balances::total_balance(&1),
+				asset::total_balance::<Test>(&1),
 				initial_balance + (2 * payout_for_11 / 9 + 3 * payout_for_21 / 11),
 				2,
 			);
 			// Nominator 3: has [400/1800 ~ 2/9 from 10] + [600/2200 ~ 3/11 from 21]'s reward. ==>
 			// 2/9 + 3/11
-			assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&3), initial_balance);
+			assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&3), initial_balance);
 			// 333 is the reward destination for 3.
 			assert_eq_error_rate!(
-				Balances::total_balance(&333),
+				asset::total_balance::<Test>(&333),
 				2 * payout_for_11 / 9 + 3 * payout_for_21 / 11,
 				2
 			);
 
 			// Validator 11: got 800 / 1800 external stake => 8/18 =? 4/9 => Validator's share = 5/9
 			assert_eq_error_rate!(
-				Balances::total_balance(&11),
+				asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11),
 				initial_balance + 5 * payout_for_11 / 9,
 				2,
 			);
 			// Validator 21: got 1200 / 2200 external stake => 12/22 =? 6/11 => Validator's share =
 			// 5/11
 			assert_eq_error_rate!(
-				Balances::total_balance(&21),
+				asset::total_balance::<Test>(&21),
 				initial_balance_21 + 5 * payout_for_21 / 11,
 				2,
 			);
@@ -993,7 +993,7 @@ fn cannot_transfer_staked_balance() {
 		// Confirm account 11 is stashed
 		assert_eq!(Staking::bonded(&11), Some(11));
 		// Confirm account 11 has some free balance
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 		// Confirm account 11 (via controller) is totally staked
 		assert_eq!(Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11).total, 1000);
 		// Confirm account 11 cannot transfer as a result
@@ -1003,7 +1003,7 @@ fn cannot_transfer_staked_balance() {
 		);
 
 		// Give account 11 extra free balance
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, 10000);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, 10000);
 		// Confirm that account 11 can now transfer some balance
 		assert_ok!(Balances::transfer_allow_death(RuntimeOrigin::signed(11), 21, 1));
 	});
@@ -1018,7 +1018,7 @@ fn cannot_transfer_staked_balance_2() {
 		// Confirm account 21 is stashed
 		assert_eq!(Staking::bonded(&21), Some(21));
 		// Confirm account 21 has some free balance
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 2000);
 		// Confirm account 21 (via controller) is totally staked
 		assert_eq!(Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &21).total, 1000);
 		// Confirm account 21 can transfer at most 1000
@@ -1037,14 +1037,14 @@ fn cannot_reserve_staked_balance() {
 		// Confirm account 11 is stashed
 		assert_eq!(Staking::bonded(&11), Some(11));
 		// Confirm account 11 has some free balance
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 		// Confirm account 11 (via controller 10) is totally staked
 		assert_eq!(Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11).own, 1000);
 		// Confirm account 11 cannot reserve as a result
 		assert_noop!(Balances::reserve(&11, 1), BalancesError::<Test, _>::LiquidityRestrictions);
 
 		// Give account 11 extra free balance
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, 10000);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, 10000);
 		// Confirm account 11 can now reserve balance
 		assert_ok!(Balances::reserve(&11, 1));
 	});
@@ -1057,9 +1057,9 @@ fn reward_destination_works() {
 		// Check that account 11 is a validator
 		assert!(Session::validators().contains(&11));
 		// Check the balance of the validator account
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(10), 1);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&10), 1);
 		// Check the balance of the stash account
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 		// Check how much is at stake
 		assert_eq!(
 			Staking::ledger(11.into()).unwrap(),
@@ -1082,7 +1082,7 @@ fn reward_destination_works() {
 		// Check that RewardDestination is Staked
 		assert_eq!(Staking::payee(11.into()), Some(RewardDestination::Staked));
 		// Check that reward went to the stash account of validator
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000 + total_payout_0);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000 + total_payout_0);
 		// Check that amount at stake increased accordingly
 		assert_eq!(
 			Staking::ledger(11.into()).unwrap(),
@@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ fn reward_destination_works() {
 		// Check that RewardDestination is Stash
 		assert_eq!(Staking::payee(11.into()), Some(RewardDestination::Stash));
 		// Check that reward went to the stash account
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000 + total_payout_0 + total_payout_1);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000 + total_payout_0 + total_payout_1);
 		// Record this value
 		let recorded_stash_balance = 1000 + total_payout_0 + total_payout_1;
 		// Check that amount at stake is NOT increased
@@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ fn reward_destination_works() {
 		<Payee<Test>>::insert(&11, RewardDestination::Account(11));
 
 		// Check controller balance
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 23150);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 23150);
 
 		// Compute total payout now for whole duration as other parameter won't change
 		let total_payout_2 = current_total_payout_for_duration(reward_time_per_era());
@@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ fn reward_destination_works() {
 		// Check that RewardDestination is Account(11)
 		assert_eq!(Staking::payee(11.into()), Some(RewardDestination::Account(11)));
 		// Check that reward went to the controller account
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), recorded_stash_balance + total_payout_2);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), recorded_stash_balance + total_payout_2);
 		// Check that amount at stake is NOT increased
 		assert_eq!(
 			Staking::ledger(11.into()).unwrap(),
@@ -1179,8 +1179,8 @@ fn validator_payment_prefs_work() {
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
 		mock::make_all_reward_payment(0);
 
-		let balance_era_1_11 = Balances::total_balance(&11);
-		let balance_era_1_101 = Balances::total_balance(&101);
+		let balance_era_1_11 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11);
+		let balance_era_1_101 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&101);
 
 		// Compute total payout now for whole duration as other parameter won't change
 		let total_payout_1 = current_total_payout_for_duration(reward_time_per_era());
@@ -1194,8 +1194,16 @@ fn validator_payment_prefs_work() {
 		let shared_cut = total_payout_1 - taken_cut;
 		let reward_of_10 = shared_cut * exposure_1.own / exposure_1.total + taken_cut;
 		let reward_of_100 = shared_cut * exposure_1.others[0].value / exposure_1.total;
-		assert_eq_error_rate!(Balances::total_balance(&11), balance_era_1_11 + reward_of_10, 2);
-		assert_eq_error_rate!(Balances::total_balance(&101), balance_era_1_101 + reward_of_100, 2);
+		assert_eq_error_rate!(
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11),
+			balance_era_1_11 + reward_of_10,
+			2
+		);
+		assert_eq_error_rate!(
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&101),
+			balance_era_1_101 + reward_of_100,
+			2
+		);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -1222,7 +1230,7 @@ fn bond_extra_works() {
 		);
 
 		// Give account 11 some large free balance greater than total
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, 1000000);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, 1000000);
 
 		// Call the bond_extra function from controller, add only 100
 		assert_ok!(Staking::bond_extra(RuntimeOrigin::signed(11), 100));
@@ -1284,13 +1292,13 @@ fn bond_extra_and_withdraw_unbonded_works() {
 		assert_ok!(Staking::set_payee(RuntimeOrigin::signed(11), RewardDestination::Stash));
 
 		// Give account 11 some large free balance greater than total
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, 1000000);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, 1000000);
 
 		// Initial config should be correct
 		assert_eq!(active_era(), 0);
 
 		// check the balance of a validator accounts.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&11), 1000000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000000);
 
 		// confirm that 10 is a normal validator and gets paid at the end of the era.
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
@@ -1495,7 +1503,7 @@ fn rebond_works() {
 		assert_ok!(Staking::set_payee(RuntimeOrigin::signed(11), RewardDestination::Stash));
 
 		// Give account 11 some large free balance greater than total
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, 1000000);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, 1000000);
 
 		// confirm that 10 is a normal validator and gets paid at the end of the era.
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
@@ -1621,7 +1629,7 @@ fn rebond_is_fifo() {
 		assert_ok!(Staking::set_payee(RuntimeOrigin::signed(11), RewardDestination::Stash));
 
 		// Give account 11 some large free balance greater than total
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, 1000000);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, 1000000);
 
 		// confirm that 10 is a normal validator and gets paid at the end of the era.
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
@@ -1717,7 +1725,7 @@ fn rebond_emits_right_value_in_event() {
 		assert_ok!(Staking::set_payee(RuntimeOrigin::signed(11), RewardDestination::Stash));
 
 		// Give account 11 some large free balance greater than total
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, 1000000);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, 1000000);
 
 		// confirm that 10 is a normal validator and gets paid at the end of the era.
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
@@ -1852,8 +1860,8 @@ fn reward_to_stake_works() {
 			assert_eq!(Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &21).total, 2000);
 
 			// Give the man some money.
-			let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&10, 1000);
-			let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&20, 1000);
+			let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&10, 1000);
+			let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&20, 1000);
 
 			// Bypass logic and change current exposure
 			EraInfo::<Test>::set_exposure(0, &21, Exposure { total: 69, own: 69, others: vec![] });
@@ -1880,7 +1888,7 @@ fn reward_to_stake_works() {
 			assert_eq!(Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11).total, 1000);
 			assert_eq!(Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &21).total, 2000);
 
-			let _11_balance = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+			let _11_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 			assert_eq!(_11_balance, 1000 + total_payout_0 / 2);
 
 			// Trigger another new era as the info are frozen before the era start.
@@ -1899,7 +1907,7 @@ fn reap_stash_works() {
 		.balance_factor(10)
 		.build_and_execute(|| {
 			// given
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(STAKING_ID, &11), 10 * 1000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&11), 10 * 1000);
 			assert_eq!(Staking::bonded(&11), Some(11));
 
 			assert!(<Ledger<Test>>::contains_key(&11));
@@ -1926,7 +1934,7 @@ fn reap_stash_works() {
 			assert!(!<Validators<Test>>::contains_key(&11));
 			assert!(!<Payee<Test>>::contains_key(&11));
 			// lock is removed.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(STAKING_ID, &11), 0);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&11), 0);
 		});
 }
 
@@ -1937,7 +1945,7 @@ fn reap_stash_works_with_existential_deposit_zero() {
 		.balance_factor(10)
 		.build_and_execute(|| {
 			// given
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(STAKING_ID, &11), 10 * 1000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&11), 10 * 1000);
 			assert_eq!(Staking::bonded(&11), Some(11));
 
 			assert!(<Ledger<Test>>::contains_key(&11));
@@ -1964,7 +1972,7 @@ fn reap_stash_works_with_existential_deposit_zero() {
 			assert!(!<Validators<Test>>::contains_key(&11));
 			assert!(!<Payee<Test>>::contains_key(&11));
 			// lock is removed.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(STAKING_ID, &11), 0);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&11), 0);
 		});
 }
 
@@ -2111,8 +2119,8 @@ fn bond_with_little_staked_value_bounded() {
 			// setup
 			assert_ok!(Staking::chill(RuntimeOrigin::signed(31)));
 			assert_ok!(Staking::set_payee(RuntimeOrigin::signed(11), RewardDestination::Stash));
-			let init_balance_1 = Balances::free_balance(&1);
-			let init_balance_11 = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+			let init_balance_1 = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&1);
+			let init_balance_11 = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 
 			// Stingy validator.
 			assert_ok!(Staking::bond(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1), 1, RewardDestination::Account(1)));
@@ -2137,12 +2145,12 @@ fn bond_with_little_staked_value_bounded() {
 
 			// Old ones are rewarded.
 			assert_eq_error_rate!(
-				Balances::free_balance(11),
+				asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11),
 				init_balance_11 + total_payout_0 / 3,
 				1
 			);
 			// no rewards paid to 2. This was initial election.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(1), init_balance_1);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&1), init_balance_1);
 
 			// reward era 2
 			let total_payout_1 = current_total_payout_for_duration(reward_time_per_era());
@@ -2155,12 +2163,12 @@ fn bond_with_little_staked_value_bounded() {
 
 			// 2 is now rewarded.
 			assert_eq_error_rate!(
-				Balances::free_balance(1),
+				asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&1),
 				init_balance_1 + total_payout_1 / 3,
 				1
 			);
 			assert_eq_error_rate!(
-				Balances::free_balance(&11),
+				asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11),
 				init_balance_11 + total_payout_0 / 3 + total_payout_1 / 3,
 				2,
 			);
@@ -2188,7 +2196,7 @@ fn bond_with_duplicate_vote_should_be_ignored_by_election_provider() {
 			// give the man some money.
 			let initial_balance = 1000;
 			for i in [1, 2, 3, 4].iter() {
-				let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(i, initial_balance);
+				let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&i, initial_balance);
 			}
 
 			assert_ok!(Staking::bond(
@@ -2241,7 +2249,7 @@ fn bond_with_duplicate_vote_should_be_ignored_by_election_provider_elected() {
 			// give the man some money.
 			let initial_balance = 1000;
 			for i in [1, 2, 3, 4].iter() {
-				let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(i, initial_balance);
+				let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&i, initial_balance);
 			}
 
 			assert_ok!(Staking::bond(
@@ -2317,7 +2325,7 @@ fn reward_validator_slashing_validator_does_not_overflow() {
 		assert!(stake.checked_mul(reward_slash).is_none());
 
 		// Set staker
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, stake);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, stake);
 
 		let exposure = Exposure::<AccountId, Balance> { total: stake, own: stake, others: vec![] };
 		let reward = EraRewardPoints::<AccountId> {
@@ -2330,11 +2338,11 @@ fn reward_validator_slashing_validator_does_not_overflow() {
 		EraInfo::<Test>::set_exposure(0, &11, exposure);
 		ErasValidatorReward::<Test>::insert(0, stake);
 		assert_ok!(Staking::payout_stakers_by_page(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1337), 11, 0, 0));
-		assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&11), stake * 2);
+		assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11), stake * 2);
 
 		// Set staker
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&11, stake);
-		let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&2, stake);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11, stake);
+		let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&2, stake);
 
 		// only slashes out of bonded stake are applied. without this line, it is 0.
 		Staking::bond(RuntimeOrigin::signed(2), stake - 1, RewardDestination::Staked).unwrap();
@@ -2358,8 +2366,8 @@ fn reward_validator_slashing_validator_does_not_overflow() {
 			&[Perbill::from_percent(100)],
 		);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&11), stake - 1);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&2), 1);
+		assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11), stake - 1);
+		assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&2), 1);
 	})
 }
 
@@ -2526,7 +2534,7 @@ fn slashing_performed_according_exposure() {
 		);
 
 		// The stash account should be slashed for 250 (50% of 500).
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000 - 250);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000 - 250);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -2619,8 +2627,8 @@ fn reporters_receive_their_slice() {
 		// 50% * (10% * initial_balance / 2)
 		let reward = (initial_balance / 20) / 2;
 		let reward_each = reward / 2; // split into two pieces.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(1), 10 + reward_each);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(2), 20 + reward_each);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&1), 10 + reward_each);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&2), 20 + reward_each);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -2645,7 +2653,7 @@ fn subsequent_reports_in_same_span_pay_out_less() {
 		// F1 * (reward_proportion * slash - 0)
 		// 50% * (10% * initial_balance * 20%)
 		let reward = (initial_balance / 5) / 20;
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(1), 10 + reward);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&1), 10 + reward);
 
 		on_offence_now(
 			&[OffenceDetails {
@@ -2660,7 +2668,7 @@ fn subsequent_reports_in_same_span_pay_out_less() {
 		// F1 * (reward_proportion * slash - prior_payout)
 		// 50% * (10% * (initial_balance / 2) - prior_payout)
 		let reward = ((initial_balance / 20) - prior_payout) / 2;
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(1), 10 + prior_payout + reward);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&1), 10 + prior_payout + reward);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -2668,14 +2676,17 @@ fn subsequent_reports_in_same_span_pay_out_less() {
 fn invulnerables_are_not_slashed() {
 	// For invulnerable validators no slashing is performed.
 	ExtBuilder::default().invulnerables(vec![11]).build_and_execute(|| {
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 2000);
 
 		let exposure = Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &21);
 		let initial_balance = Staking::slashable_balance_of(&21);
 
-		let nominator_balances: Vec<_> =
-			exposure.others.iter().map(|o| Balances::free_balance(&o.who)).collect();
+		let nominator_balances: Vec<_> = exposure
+			.others
+			.iter()
+			.map(|o| asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&o.who))
+			.collect();
 
 		on_offence_now(
 			&[
@@ -2692,14 +2703,14 @@ fn invulnerables_are_not_slashed() {
 		);
 
 		// The validator 11 hasn't been slashed, but 21 has been.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 		// 2000 - (0.2 * initial_balance)
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 2000 - (2 * initial_balance / 10));
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 2000 - (2 * initial_balance / 10));
 
 		// ensure that nominators were slashed as well.
 		for (initial_balance, other) in nominator_balances.into_iter().zip(exposure.others) {
 			assert_eq!(
-				Balances::free_balance(&other.who),
+				asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&other.who),
 				initial_balance - (2 * other.value / 10),
 			);
 		}
@@ -2710,7 +2721,7 @@ fn invulnerables_are_not_slashed() {
 fn dont_slash_if_fraction_is_zero() {
 	// Don't slash if the fraction is zero.
 	ExtBuilder::default().build_and_execute(|| {
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 
 		on_offence_now(
 			&[OffenceDetails {
@@ -2721,7 +2732,7 @@ fn dont_slash_if_fraction_is_zero() {
 		);
 
 		// The validator hasn't been slashed. The new era is not forced.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 		assert_eq!(Staking::force_era(), Forcing::NotForcing);
 	});
 }
@@ -2731,7 +2742,7 @@ fn only_slash_for_max_in_era() {
 	// multiple slashes within one era are only applied if it is more than any previous slash in the
 	// same era.
 	ExtBuilder::default().build_and_execute(|| {
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 
 		on_offence_now(
 			&[OffenceDetails {
@@ -2742,7 +2753,7 @@ fn only_slash_for_max_in_era() {
 		);
 
 		// The validator has been slashed and has been force-chilled.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 500);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 500);
 		assert_eq!(Staking::force_era(), Forcing::NotForcing);
 
 		on_offence_now(
@@ -2754,7 +2765,7 @@ fn only_slash_for_max_in_era() {
 		);
 
 		// The validator has not been slashed additionally.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 500);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 500);
 
 		on_offence_now(
 			&[OffenceDetails {
@@ -2765,7 +2776,7 @@ fn only_slash_for_max_in_era() {
 		);
 
 		// The validator got slashed 10% more.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 400);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 400);
 	})
 }
 
@@ -2776,7 +2787,7 @@ fn garbage_collection_after_slashing() {
 		.existential_deposit(2)
 		.balance_factor(2)
 		.build_and_execute(|| {
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 2000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 2000);
 
 			on_offence_now(
 				&[OffenceDetails {
@@ -2786,7 +2797,7 @@ fn garbage_collection_after_slashing() {
 				&[Perbill::from_percent(10)],
 			);
 
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 2000 - 200);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 2000 - 200);
 			assert!(SlashingSpans::<Test>::get(&11).is_some());
 			assert_eq!(SpanSlash::<Test>::get(&(11, 0)).amount(), &200);
 
@@ -2801,8 +2812,8 @@ fn garbage_collection_after_slashing() {
 			// validator and nominator slash in era are garbage-collected by era change,
 			// so we don't test those here.
 
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 2);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::total_balance(&11), 2);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 2);
+			assert_eq!(asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11), 2);
 
 			let slashing_spans = SlashingSpans::<Test>::get(&11).unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(slashing_spans.iter().count(), 2);
@@ -2826,11 +2837,11 @@ fn garbage_collection_on_window_pruning() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().build_and_execute(|| {
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 		let now = active_era();
 
 		let exposure = Staking::eras_stakers(now, &11);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 		let nominated_value = exposure.others.iter().find(|o| o.who == 101).unwrap().value;
 
 		on_offence_now(
@@ -2841,8 +2852,8 @@ fn garbage_collection_on_window_pruning() {
 			&[Perbill::from_percent(10)],
 		);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 900);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000 - (nominated_value / 10));
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 900);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000 - (nominated_value / 10));
 
 		assert!(ValidatorSlashInEra::<Test>::get(&now, &11).is_some());
 		assert!(NominatorSlashInEra::<Test>::get(&now, &101).is_some());
@@ -2867,9 +2878,9 @@ fn slashing_nominators_by_span_max() {
 		mock::start_active_era(2);
 		mock::start_active_era(3);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 2000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 		assert_eq!(Staking::slashable_balance_of(&21), 1000);
 
 		let exposure_11 = Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11);
@@ -2886,10 +2897,10 @@ fn slashing_nominators_by_span_max() {
 			2,
 		);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 900);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 900);
 
 		let slash_1_amount = Perbill::from_percent(10) * nominated_value_11;
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000 - slash_1_amount);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000 - slash_1_amount);
 
 		let expected_spans = vec![
 			slashing::SlashingSpan { index: 1, start: 4, length: None },
@@ -2913,14 +2924,14 @@ fn slashing_nominators_by_span_max() {
 		);
 
 		// 11 was not further slashed, but 21 and 101 were.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 900);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 1700);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 900);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 1700);
 
 		let slash_2_amount = Perbill::from_percent(30) * nominated_value_21;
 		assert!(slash_2_amount > slash_1_amount);
 
 		// only the maximum slash in a single span is taken.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000 - slash_2_amount);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000 - slash_2_amount);
 
 		// third slash: in same era and on same validator as first, higher
 		// in-era value, but lower slash value than slash 2.
@@ -2934,15 +2945,15 @@ fn slashing_nominators_by_span_max() {
 		);
 
 		// 11 was further slashed, but 21 and 101 were not.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 800);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 1700);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 800);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 1700);
 
 		let slash_3_amount = Perbill::from_percent(20) * nominated_value_21;
 		assert!(slash_3_amount < slash_2_amount);
 		assert!(slash_3_amount > slash_1_amount);
 
 		// only the maximum slash in a single span is taken.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000 - slash_2_amount);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000 - slash_2_amount);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -2953,7 +2964,7 @@ fn slashes_are_summed_across_spans() {
 		mock::start_active_era(2);
 		mock::start_active_era(3);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 2000);
 		assert_eq!(Staking::slashable_balance_of(&21), 1000);
 
 		let get_span = |account| SlashingSpans::<Test>::get(&account).unwrap();
@@ -2972,7 +2983,7 @@ fn slashes_are_summed_across_spans() {
 		];
 
 		assert_eq!(get_span(21).iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), expected_spans);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 1900);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 1900);
 
 		// 21 has been force-chilled. re-signal intent to validate.
 		Staking::validate(RuntimeOrigin::signed(21), Default::default()).unwrap();
@@ -2996,7 +3007,7 @@ fn slashes_are_summed_across_spans() {
 		];
 
 		assert_eq!(get_span(21).iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), expected_spans);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(21), 1810);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&21), 1810);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -3005,10 +3016,10 @@ fn deferred_slashes_are_deferred() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().slash_defer_duration(2).build_and_execute(|| {
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 
 		let exposure = Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 		let nominated_value = exposure.others.iter().find(|o| o.who == 101).unwrap().value;
 
 		System::reset_events();
@@ -3024,25 +3035,25 @@ fn deferred_slashes_are_deferred() {
 		// nominations are not removed regardless of the deferring.
 		assert_eq!(Staking::nominators(101).unwrap().targets, vec![11, 21]);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		mock::start_active_era(2);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		mock::start_active_era(3);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		// at the start of era 4, slashes from era 1 are processed,
 		// after being deferred for at least 2 full eras.
 		mock::start_active_era(4);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 900);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000 - (nominated_value / 10));
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 900);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000 - (nominated_value / 10));
 
 		assert!(matches!(
 			staking_events_since_last_call().as_slice(),
@@ -3140,8 +3151,8 @@ fn staker_cannot_bail_deferred_slash() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().slash_defer_duration(2).build_and_execute(|| {
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		let exposure = Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11);
 		let nominated_value = exposure.others.iter().find(|o| o.who == 101).unwrap().value;
@@ -3173,20 +3184,20 @@ fn staker_cannot_bail_deferred_slash() {
 		);
 
 		// no slash yet.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		// no slash yet.
 		mock::start_active_era(2);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 		assert_eq!(Staking::current_era().unwrap(), 2);
 		assert_eq!(active_era(), 2);
 
 		// no slash yet.
 		mock::start_active_era(3);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 		assert_eq!(Staking::current_era().unwrap(), 3);
 		assert_eq!(active_era(), 3);
 
@@ -3203,8 +3214,8 @@ fn staker_cannot_bail_deferred_slash() {
 		// after being deferred for at least 2 full eras.
 		mock::start_active_era(4);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 900);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000 - (nominated_value / 10));
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 900);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000 - (nominated_value / 10));
 
 		// and the leftover of the funds can now be unbonded.
 	})
@@ -3215,10 +3226,10 @@ fn remove_deferred() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().slash_defer_duration(2).build_and_execute(|| {
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 
 		let exposure = Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 		let nominated_value = exposure.others.iter().find(|o| o.who == 101).unwrap().value;
 
 		// deferred to start of era 4.
@@ -3227,8 +3238,8 @@ fn remove_deferred() {
 			&[Perbill::from_percent(10)],
 		);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		mock::start_active_era(2);
 
@@ -3249,13 +3260,13 @@ fn remove_deferred() {
 		// cancel one of them.
 		assert_ok!(Staking::cancel_deferred_slash(RuntimeOrigin::root(), 4, vec![0]));
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		mock::start_active_era(3);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		// at the start of era 4, slashes from era 1 are processed,
 		// after being deferred for at least 2 full eras.
@@ -3280,8 +3291,8 @@ fn remove_deferred() {
 		let actual_slash = total_slash - initial_slash;
 
 		// 5% slash (15 - 10) processed now.
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 950);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000 - actual_slash);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 950);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000 - actual_slash);
 	})
 }
 
@@ -3290,10 +3301,10 @@ fn remove_multi_deferred() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().slash_defer_duration(2).build_and_execute(|| {
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
 
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 
 		let exposure = Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11);
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 		on_offence_now(
 			&[OffenceDetails { offender: (11, exposure.clone()), reporters: vec![] }],
@@ -3363,8 +3374,8 @@ fn slash_kicks_validators_not_nominators_and_disables_nominator_for_kicked_valid
 			assert_eq_uvec!(Session::validators(), vec![11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 201, 202]);
 
 			// pre-slash balance
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 			// 100 has approval for 11 as of now
 			assert!(Staking::nominators(101).unwrap().targets.contains(&11));
@@ -3398,8 +3409,8 @@ fn slash_kicks_validators_not_nominators_and_disables_nominator_for_kicked_valid
 
 			// post-slash balance
 			let nominator_slash_amount_11 = 125 / 10;
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 900);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000 - nominator_slash_amount_11);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 900);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000 - nominator_slash_amount_11);
 
 			// check that validator was disabled.
 			assert!(is_disabled(11));
@@ -3663,8 +3674,8 @@ fn claim_reward_at_the_last_era_and_no_double_claim_and_invalid_claim() {
 		// Consumed weight for all payout_stakers dispatches that fail
 		let err_weight = <Test as Config>::WeightInfo::payout_stakers_alive_staked(0);
 
-		let init_balance_11 = Balances::total_balance(&11);
-		let init_balance_101 = Balances::total_balance(&101);
+		let init_balance_11 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11);
+		let init_balance_101 = asset::total_balance::<Test>(&101);
 
 		let part_for_11 = Perbill::from_rational::<u32>(1000, 1125);
 		let part_for_101 = Perbill::from_rational::<u32>(125, 1125);
@@ -3728,11 +3739,11 @@ fn claim_reward_at_the_last_era_and_no_double_claim_and_invalid_claim() {
 		// only era 1 and 2 can be rewarded.
 
 		assert_eq!(
-			Balances::total_balance(&11),
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&11),
 			init_balance_11 + part_for_11 * (total_payout_1 + total_payout_2),
 		);
 		assert_eq!(
-			Balances::total_balance(&101),
+			asset::total_balance::<Test>(&101),
 			init_balance_101 + part_for_101 * (total_payout_1 + total_payout_2),
 		);
 	});
@@ -3749,18 +3760,18 @@ fn zero_slash_keeps_nominators() {
 		.build_and_execute(|| {
 			mock::start_active_era(1);
 
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
 
 			let exposure = Staking::eras_stakers(active_era(), &11);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 			on_offence_now(
 				&[OffenceDetails { offender: (11, exposure.clone()), reporters: vec![] }],
 				&[Perbill::from_percent(0)],
 			);
 
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(11), 1000);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(101), 2000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), 1000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), 2000);
 
 			// 11 is not removed but disabled
 			assert!(Validators::<Test>::iter().any(|(stash, _)| stash == 11));
@@ -3837,7 +3848,7 @@ fn test_nominators_over_max_exposure_page_size_are_rewarded() {
 		for i in 0..=MaxExposurePageSize::get() {
 			let stash = 10_000 + i as AccountId;
 			let balance = 10_000 + i as Balance;
-			Balances::make_free_balance_be(&stash, balance);
+			asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&stash, balance);
 			assert_ok!(Staking::bond(
 				RuntimeOrigin::signed(stash),
 				balance,
@@ -3859,13 +3870,13 @@ fn test_nominators_over_max_exposure_page_size_are_rewarded() {
 		while i < MaxExposurePageSize::get() {
 			let stash = 10_000 + i as AccountId;
 			let balance = 10_000 + i as Balance;
-			assert!(Balances::free_balance(&stash) > balance);
+			assert!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&stash) > balance);
 			i += 1;
 		}
 
 		// Assert overflowing nominators from page 1 are also rewarded
 		let stash = 10_000 + i as AccountId;
-		assert!(Balances::free_balance(&stash) > (10_000 + i) as Balance);
+		assert!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&stash) > (10_000 + i) as Balance);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -3878,7 +3889,7 @@ fn test_nominators_are_rewarded_for_all_exposure_page() {
 		for i in 0..nominator_count {
 			let stash = 10_000 + i as AccountId;
 			let balance = 10_000 + i as Balance;
-			Balances::make_free_balance_be(&stash, balance);
+			asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&stash, balance);
 			assert_ok!(Staking::bond(
 				RuntimeOrigin::signed(stash),
 				balance,
@@ -3900,9 +3911,10 @@ fn test_nominators_are_rewarded_for_all_exposure_page() {
 		// Assert all nominators are rewarded according to their stake
 		for i in 0..nominator_count {
 			// balance of the nominator after the reward payout.
-			let current_balance = Balances::free_balance(&((10000 + i) as AccountId));
+			let current_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&((10000 + i) as AccountId));
 			// balance of the nominator in the previous iteration.
-			let previous_balance = Balances::free_balance(&((10000 + i - 1) as AccountId));
+			let previous_balance =
+				asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&((10000 + i - 1) as AccountId));
 			// balance before the reward.
 			let original_balance = 10_000 + i as Balance;
 
@@ -3958,7 +3970,7 @@ fn test_multi_page_payout_stakers_by_page() {
 		RewardOnUnbalanceWasCalled::set(false);
 		System::reset_events();
 
-		let controller_balance_before_p0_payout = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+		let controller_balance_before_p0_payout = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 		// Payout rewards for first exposure page
 		assert_ok!(Staking::payout_stakers_by_page(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1337), 11, 1, 0));
 
@@ -3972,7 +3984,7 @@ fn test_multi_page_payout_stakers_by_page() {
 			]
 		));
 
-		let controller_balance_after_p0_payout = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+		let controller_balance_after_p0_payout = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 
 		// verify rewards have been paid out but still some left
 		assert!(pallet_balances::TotalIssuance::<Test>::get() > pre_payout_total_issuance);
@@ -3996,7 +4008,7 @@ fn test_multi_page_payout_stakers_by_page() {
 			]
 		));
 		// verify the validator was not rewarded the second time
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(&11), controller_balance_after_p0_payout);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), controller_balance_after_p0_payout);
 
 		// verify all rewards have been paid out
 		assert_eq_error_rate!(
@@ -4007,9 +4019,9 @@ fn test_multi_page_payout_stakers_by_page() {
 		assert!(RewardOnUnbalanceWasCalled::get());
 
 		// Top 64 nominators of validator 11 automatically paid out, including the validator
-		assert!(Balances::free_balance(&11) > balance);
+		assert!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11) > balance);
 		for i in 0..100 {
-			assert!(Balances::free_balance(&(1000 + i)) > balance + i as Balance);
+			assert!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&(1000 + i)) > balance + i as Balance);
 		}
 
 		// verify we no longer track rewards in `legacy_claimed_rewards` vec
@@ -4178,7 +4190,7 @@ fn test_multi_page_payout_stakers_backward_compatible() {
 		let pre_payout_total_issuance = pallet_balances::TotalIssuance::<Test>::get();
 		RewardOnUnbalanceWasCalled::set(false);
 
-		let controller_balance_before_p0_payout = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+		let controller_balance_before_p0_payout = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 		// Payout rewards for first exposure page
 		assert_ok!(Staking::payout_stakers(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1337), 11, 1));
 		// page 0 is claimed
@@ -4187,7 +4199,7 @@ fn test_multi_page_payout_stakers_backward_compatible() {
 			Error::<Test>::AlreadyClaimed.with_weight(err_weight)
 		);
 
-		let controller_balance_after_p0_payout = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+		let controller_balance_after_p0_payout = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 
 		// verify rewards have been paid out but still some left
 		assert!(pallet_balances::TotalIssuance::<Test>::get() > pre_payout_total_issuance);
@@ -4206,7 +4218,7 @@ fn test_multi_page_payout_stakers_backward_compatible() {
 		);
 
 		// verify the validator was not rewarded the second time
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(&11), controller_balance_after_p0_payout);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11), controller_balance_after_p0_payout);
 
 		// verify all rewards have been paid out
 		assert_eq_error_rate!(
@@ -4218,9 +4230,9 @@ fn test_multi_page_payout_stakers_backward_compatible() {
 
 		// verify all nominators of validator 11 are paid out, including the validator
 		// Validator payout goes to controller.
-		assert!(Balances::free_balance(&11) > balance);
+		assert!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11) > balance);
 		for i in 0..100 {
-			assert!(Balances::free_balance(&(1000 + i)) > balance + i as Balance);
+			assert!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&(1000 + i)) > balance + i as Balance);
 		}
 
 		// verify we no longer track rewards in `legacy_claimed_rewards` vec
@@ -4578,25 +4590,29 @@ fn test_commission_paid_across_pages() {
 		let payout = current_total_payout_for_duration(reward_time_per_era());
 		mock::start_active_era(2);
 
-		let initial_balance = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+		let initial_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 		// Payout rewards for first exposure page
 		assert_ok!(Staking::payout_stakers_by_page(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1337), 11, 1, 0));
 
-		let controller_balance_after_p0_payout = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+		let controller_balance_after_p0_payout = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 
 		// some commission is paid
 		assert!(initial_balance < controller_balance_after_p0_payout);
 
 		// payout all pages
 		for i in 1..4 {
-			let before_balance = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+			let before_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 			assert_ok!(Staking::payout_stakers_by_page(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1337), 11, 1, i));
-			let after_balance = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+			let after_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 			// some commission is paid for every page
 			assert!(before_balance < after_balance);
 		}
 
-		assert_eq_error_rate!(Balances::free_balance(&11), initial_balance + payout / 2, 1,);
+		assert_eq_error_rate!(
+			asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11),
+			initial_balance + payout / 2,
+			1,
+		);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -4852,7 +4868,7 @@ fn payout_to_any_account_works() {
 		assert_ok!(Staking::set_payee(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1234), RewardDestination::Account(42)));
 
 		// Reward Destination account doesn't exist
-		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(42), 0);
+		assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&42), 0);
 
 		mock::start_active_era(1);
 		Staking::reward_by_ids(vec![(11, 1)]);
@@ -4862,7 +4878,7 @@ fn payout_to_any_account_works() {
 		assert_ok!(Staking::payout_stakers_by_page(RuntimeOrigin::signed(1337), 11, 1, 0));
 
 		// Payment is successful
-		assert!(Balances::free_balance(42) > 0);
+		assert!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&42) > 0);
 	})
 }
 
@@ -5661,9 +5677,9 @@ fn chill_other_works() {
 				let a = 4 * i;
 				let b = 4 * i + 2;
 				let c = 4 * i + 3;
-				Balances::make_free_balance_be(&a, 100_000);
-				Balances::make_free_balance_be(&b, 100_000);
-				Balances::make_free_balance_be(&c, 100_000);
+				asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&a, 100_000);
+				asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&b, 100_000);
+				asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&c, 100_000);
 
 				// Nominator
 				assert_ok!(Staking::bond(RuntimeOrigin::signed(a), 1000, RewardDestination::Stash));
@@ -6859,7 +6875,7 @@ fn test_runtime_api_pending_rewards() {
 
 		// Set staker
 		for v in validator_one..=validator_three {
-			let _ = Balances::make_free_balance_be(&v, stake);
+			let _ = asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&v, stake);
 			assert_ok!(Staking::bond(RuntimeOrigin::signed(v), stake, RewardDestination::Staked));
 		}
 
@@ -7049,7 +7065,7 @@ mod staking_interface {
 				assert!(!<Validators<Test>>::contains_key(&11));
 				assert!(!<Payee<Test>>::contains_key(&11));
 				// lock is removed.
-				assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(STAKING_ID, &11), 0);
+				assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&11), 0);
 			});
 	}
 
@@ -7086,12 +7102,12 @@ mod staking_unchecked {
 	fn virtual_bond_does_not_lock() {
 		ExtBuilder::default().build_and_execute(|| {
 			mock::start_active_era(1);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(10), 1);
+			assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&10), 1);
 			// 10 can bond more than its balance amount since we do not require lock for virtual
 			// bonding.
 			assert_ok!(<Staking as StakingUnchecked>::virtual_bond(&10, 100, &15));
 			// nothing is locked on 10.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(STAKING_ID, &10), 0);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&10), 0);
 			// adding more balance does not lock anything as well.
 			assert_ok!(<Staking as StakingInterface>::bond_extra(&10, 1000));
 			// but ledger is updated correctly.
@@ -7118,7 +7134,7 @@ mod staking_unchecked {
 				Ok(Stake { total: 1100, active: 900 })
 			);
 			// still no locks.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(STAKING_ID, &10), 0);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&10), 0);
 
 			mock::start_active_era(2);
 			// cannot withdraw without waiting for unbonding period.
@@ -7218,11 +7234,11 @@ mod staking_unchecked {
 	fn migrate_virtual_staker() {
 		ExtBuilder::default().build_and_execute(|| {
 			// give some balance to 200
-			Balances::make_free_balance_be(&200, 2000);
+			asset::set_stakeable_balance::<Test>(&200, 2000);
 
 			// stake
 			assert_ok!(Staking::bond(RuntimeOrigin::signed(200), 1000, RewardDestination::Staked));
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &200), 1000);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&200), 1000);
 
 			// migrate them to virtual staker
 			<Staking as StakingUnchecked>::migrate_to_virtual_staker(&200);
@@ -7230,7 +7246,7 @@ mod staking_unchecked {
 			assert_ok!(<Staking as StakingInterface>::set_payee(&200, &201));
 
 			// ensure the balance is not locked anymore
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &200), 0);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&200), 0);
 
 			// and they are marked as virtual stakers
 			assert_eq!(Pallet::<Test>::is_virtual_staker(&200), true);
@@ -7300,7 +7316,7 @@ mod staking_unchecked {
 				assert!(is_disabled(11));
 
 				// but virtual nominator's balance is not slashed.
-				assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(&101), nominator_balance);
+				assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), nominator_balance);
 				// but slash is broadcasted to slash observers.
 				assert_eq!(SlashObserver::get().get(&101).unwrap(), &nominator_share);
 			})
@@ -7332,9 +7348,9 @@ mod staking_unchecked {
 				assert_ok!(<Staking as StakingInterface>::set_payee(&101, &102));
 
 				// cache values
-				let validator_balance = Balances::free_balance(&11);
+				let validator_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11);
 				let validator_stake = Staking::ledger(11.into()).unwrap().total;
-				let nominator_balance = Balances::free_balance(&101);
+				let nominator_balance = asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101);
 				let nominator_stake = Staking::ledger(101.into()).unwrap().total;
 
 				// 11 goes offline
@@ -7353,14 +7369,14 @@ mod staking_unchecked {
 				// all validator stake is slashed
 				assert_eq_error_rate!(
 					validator_balance - validator_stake,
-					Balances::free_balance(&11),
+					asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&11),
 					1
 				);
 				// Because slashing happened.
 				assert!(is_disabled(11));
 
 				// Virtual nominator's balance is not slashed.
-				assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(&101), nominator_balance);
+				assert_eq!(asset::stakeable_balance::<Test>(&101), nominator_balance);
 				// Slash is broadcasted to slash observers.
 				assert_eq!(SlashObserver::get().get(&101).unwrap(), &nominator_stake);
 
@@ -7900,7 +7916,7 @@ mod ledger_recovery {
 		ExtBuilder::default().has_stakers(true).try_state(false).build_and_execute(|| {
 			setup_double_bonded_ledgers();
 
-			let lock_333_before = Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &333);
+			let lock_333_before = asset::staked::<Test>(&333);
 
 			// get into corrupted and killed ledger state by killing a corrupted ledger:
 			// init state:
@@ -7936,14 +7952,14 @@ mod ledger_recovery {
 
 			// side effects on 333 - ledger, bonded, payee, lock should be completely empty.
 			// however, 333 lock remains.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &333), lock_333_before); // NOK
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&333), lock_333_before); // NOK
 			assert!(Bonded::<Test>::get(&333).is_none()); // OK
 			assert!(Payee::<Test>::get(&333).is_none()); // OK
 			assert!(Ledger::<Test>::get(&444).is_none()); // OK
 
 			// side effects on 444 - ledger, bonded, payee, lock should remain be intact.
 			// however, 444 lock was removed.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &444), 0); // NOK
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&444), 0); // NOK
 			assert!(Bonded::<Test>::get(&444).is_some()); // OK
 			assert!(Payee::<Test>::get(&444).is_some()); // OK
 			assert!(Ledger::<Test>::get(&555).is_none()); // NOK
@@ -7957,7 +7973,7 @@ mod ledger_recovery {
 		ExtBuilder::default().has_stakers(true).try_state(false).build_and_execute(|| {
 			setup_double_bonded_ledgers();
 
-			let lock_333_before = Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &333);
+			let lock_333_before = asset::staked::<Test>(&333);
 
 			// get into corrupted and killed ledger state by killing a corrupted ledger:
 			// init state:
@@ -7992,14 +8008,14 @@ mod ledger_recovery {
 			assert_eq!(Staking::inspect_bond_state(&444), Err(Error::<Test>::NotStash));
 
 			// side effects on 333 - ledger, bonded, payee, lock should be intact.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &333), lock_333_before); // OK
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&333), lock_333_before); // OK
 			assert_eq!(Bonded::<Test>::get(&333), Some(444)); // OK
 			assert!(Payee::<Test>::get(&333).is_some()); // OK
-											 // however, ledger associated with its controller was killed.
+												// however, ledger associated with its controller was killed.
 			assert!(Ledger::<Test>::get(&444).is_none()); // NOK
 
 			// side effects on 444 - ledger, bonded, payee, lock should be completely removed.
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &444), 0); // OK
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&444), 0); // OK
 			assert!(Bonded::<Test>::get(&444).is_none()); // OK
 			assert!(Payee::<Test>::get(&444).is_none()); // OK
 			assert!(Ledger::<Test>::get(&555).is_none()); // OK
@@ -8080,7 +8096,7 @@ mod ledger_recovery {
 			setup_double_bonded_ledgers();
 
 			// ledger.total == lock
-			let total_444_before_corruption = Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &444);
+			let total_444_before_corruption = asset::staked::<Test>(&444);
 
 			// get into corrupted and killed ledger state by killing a corrupted ledger:
 			// init state:
@@ -8182,8 +8198,8 @@ mod ledger_recovery {
 		ExtBuilder::default().has_stakers(true).build_and_execute(|| {
 			setup_double_bonded_ledgers();
 
-			let lock_333_before = Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &333);
-			let lock_444_before = Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &444);
+			let lock_333_before = asset::staked::<Test>(&333);
+			let lock_444_before = asset::staked::<Test>(&444);
 
 			// get into corrupted and killed ledger state by killing a corrupted ledger:
 			// init state:
@@ -8203,16 +8219,13 @@ mod ledger_recovery {
 
 			// if 444 bonds extra, the locks remain in sync.
 			bond_extra_no_checks(&444, 40);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &333), lock_333_before);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &444), lock_444_before + 40);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&333), lock_333_before);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&444), lock_444_before + 40);
 
 			// however if 333 bonds extra, the wrong lock is updated.
 			bond_extra_no_checks(&333, 30);
-			assert_eq!(
-				Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &333),
-				lock_444_before + 40 + 30
-			); //not OK
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &444), lock_444_before + 40); // OK
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&333), lock_444_before + 40 + 30); //not OK
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&444), lock_444_before + 40); // OK
 
 			// recover the ledger bonded by 333 stash. Note that the total/lock needs to be
 			// re-written since on-chain data lock has become out of sync.
@@ -8247,9 +8260,9 @@ mod ledger_recovery {
 			let ledger_444 = Bonded::<Test>::get(&444).and_then(Ledger::<Test>::get).unwrap();
 
 			assert_eq!(ledger_333.total, lock_333_before + 30);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &333), ledger_333.total);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&333), ledger_333.total);
 			assert_eq!(ledger_444.total, lock_444_before + 40);
-			assert_eq!(Balances::balance_locked(crate::STAKING_ID, &444), ledger_444.total);
+			assert_eq!(asset::staked::<Test>(&444), ledger_444.total);
 
 			// try-state checks are ok now.
 			assert_ok!(Staking::do_try_state(System::block_number()));
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/metadata.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/metadata.rs
index f3724f4ccb69748187b1117977c49a030a55da77..54eb290ca6cf3321729a3f9bba6d10a69e9a547a 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/metadata.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/expand/metadata.rs
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ pub fn expand_runtime_metadata(
 			let event = expand_pallet_metadata_events(&filtered_names, runtime, decl);
 			let constants = expand_pallet_metadata_constants(runtime, decl);
 			let errors = expand_pallet_metadata_errors(runtime, decl);
+			let associated_types = expand_pallet_metadata_associated_types(runtime, decl);
 			let docs = expand_pallet_metadata_docs(runtime, decl);
 			let attr = decl.cfg_pattern.iter().fold(TokenStream::new(), |acc, pattern| {
 				let attr = TokenStream::from_str(&format!("#[cfg({})]", pattern.original()))
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ pub fn expand_runtime_metadata(
 					constants: #constants,
 					error: #errors,
 					docs: #docs,
+					associated_types: #associated_types,
 					deprecation_info: #deprecation_info,
 				}
 			}
@@ -261,3 +263,12 @@ fn expand_pallet_metadata_docs(runtime: &Ident, decl: &Pallet) -> TokenStream {
 		#path::Pallet::<#runtime #(, #path::#instance)*>::pallet_documentation_metadata()
 	}
 }
+
+fn expand_pallet_metadata_associated_types(runtime: &Ident, decl: &Pallet) -> TokenStream {
+	let path = &decl.path;
+	let instance = decl.instance.as_ref().into_iter();
+
+	quote! {
+		#path::Pallet::<#runtime #(, #path::#instance)*>::pallet_associated_types_metadata()
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/parse.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/parse.rs
index 3e38adcc3c59eed6b64dd4d747d33a73414400e7..729a803a302ed7451f890ab6a81b666379d68d07 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/parse.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/parse.rs
@@ -592,8 +592,6 @@ pub struct Pallet {
 	pub cfg_pattern: Vec<cfg_expr::Expression>,
 	/// The doc literals
 	pub docs: Vec<syn::Expr>,
-	/// attributes
-	pub attrs: Vec<syn::Attribute>,
 }
 
 impl Pallet {
@@ -764,7 +762,6 @@ fn convert_pallets(pallets: Vec<PalletDeclaration>) -> syn::Result<PalletsConver
 				cfg_pattern,
 				pallet_parts,
 				docs: vec![],
-				attrs: pallet.attrs.clone(),
 			})
 		})
 		.collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/derive_impl.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/derive_impl.rs
index 69117c026816d613f84995469c62217f682edd8c..5d39c2707def5f81da729f6c9dbc22b6cea2bef7 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/derive_impl.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/derive_impl.rs
@@ -304,6 +304,7 @@ fn test_derive_impl_attr_args_parsing() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_runtime_type_with_doc() {
+	#[allow(dead_code)]
 	trait TestTrait {
 		type Test;
 	}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/lib.rs
index d40a571c9eab1a917e6e998b9d6a3d31f9cd18ab..c2f546d92048ac2bc259138b27ac5820227fefd6 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/lib.rs
@@ -321,9 +321,10 @@ pub fn derive_debug_no_bound(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
 /// This behaviour is useful to prevent bloating the runtime WASM blob from unneeded code.
 #[proc_macro_derive(RuntimeDebugNoBound)]
 pub fn derive_runtime_debug_no_bound(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-	if cfg!(any(feature = "std", feature = "try-runtime")) {
-		no_bound::debug::derive_debug_no_bound(input)
-	} else {
+	let try_runtime_or_std_impl: proc_macro2::TokenStream =
+		no_bound::debug::derive_debug_no_bound(input.clone()).into();
+
+	let stripped_impl = {
 		let input = syn::parse_macro_input!(input as syn::DeriveInput);
 
 		let name = &input.ident;
@@ -338,8 +339,22 @@ pub fn derive_runtime_debug_no_bound(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
 				}
 			};
 		)
-		.into()
-	}
+	};
+
+	let frame_support = match generate_access_from_frame_or_crate("frame-support") {
+		Ok(frame_support) => frame_support,
+		Err(e) => return e.to_compile_error().into(),
+	};
+
+	quote::quote!(
+		#frame_support::try_runtime_or_std_enabled! {
+			#try_runtime_or_std_impl
+		}
+		#frame_support::try_runtime_and_std_not_enabled! {
+			#stripped_impl
+		}
+	)
+	.into()
 }
 
 /// Derive [`PartialEq`] but do not bound any generic.
@@ -957,6 +972,15 @@ pub fn event(_: TokenStream, _: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
 	pallet_macro_stub()
 }
 
+///
+/// ---
+///
+/// Documentation for this macro can be found at `frame_support::pallet_macros::include_metadata`.
+#[proc_macro_attribute]
+pub fn include_metadata(_: TokenStream, _: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+	pallet_macro_stub()
+}
+
 ///
 /// ---
 ///
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/call.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/call.rs
index 8b333d19087d287d5cf0c3ce307ba9681fd0a32c..206ffc1159f719f88a59a0df1c1e9abc37e4a33f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/call.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/call.rs
@@ -253,13 +253,13 @@ pub fn expand_call(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 		})
 		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
-	let feeless_check = methods.iter().map(|method| &method.feeless_check).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-	let feeless_check_result =
-		feeless_check.iter().zip(args_name.iter()).map(|(feeless_check, arg_name)| {
-			if let Some(feeless_check) = feeless_check {
-				quote::quote!(#feeless_check(origin, #( #arg_name, )*))
+	let feeless_checks = methods.iter().map(|method| &method.feeless_check).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+	let feeless_check =
+		feeless_checks.iter().zip(args_name.iter()).map(|(feeless_check, arg_name)| {
+			if let Some(check) = feeless_check {
+				quote::quote_spanned!(span => #check)
 			} else {
-				quote::quote!(false)
+				quote::quote_spanned!(span => |_origin, #( #arg_name, )*| { false })
 			}
 		});
 
@@ -393,7 +393,8 @@ pub fn expand_call(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 					#(
 						#cfg_attrs
 						Self::#fn_name { #( #args_name_pattern_ref, )* } => {
-							#feeless_check_result
+							let feeless_check = #feeless_check;
+							feeless_check(origin, #( #args_name, )*)
 						},
 					)*
 					Self::__Ignore(_, _) => unreachable!("__Ignore cannot be used"),
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/config.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/config.rs
index 5cf4035a8f8b9ddb0f31c3e3b1b8ce36215543ff..0a583f1359bac9dcd7682e3c8c6a4de4eaca9ba9 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/config.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/config.rs
@@ -95,3 +95,51 @@ Consequently, a runtime that wants to include this pallet must implement this tr
 		_ => Default::default(),
 	}
 }
+
+/// Generate the metadata for the associated types of the config trait.
+///
+/// Implements the `pallet_associated_types_metadata` function for the pallet.
+pub fn expand_config_metadata(def: &Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
+	let frame_support = &def.frame_support;
+	let type_impl_gen = &def.type_impl_generics(proc_macro2::Span::call_site());
+	let type_use_gen = &def.type_use_generics(proc_macro2::Span::call_site());
+	let pallet_ident = &def.pallet_struct.pallet;
+	let trait_use_gen = &def.trait_use_generics(proc_macro2::Span::call_site());
+
+	let mut where_clauses = vec![&def.config.where_clause];
+	where_clauses.extend(def.extra_constants.iter().map(|d| &d.where_clause));
+	let completed_where_clause = super::merge_where_clauses(&where_clauses);
+
+	let types = def.config.associated_types_metadata.iter().map(|metadata| {
+		let ident = &metadata.ident;
+		let span = ident.span();
+		let ident_str = ident.to_string();
+		let cfgs = &metadata.cfg;
+
+		let no_docs = vec![];
+		let doc = if cfg!(feature = "no-metadata-docs") { &no_docs } else { &metadata.doc };
+
+		quote::quote_spanned!(span => {
+			#( #cfgs ) *
+			#frame_support::__private::metadata_ir::PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+				name: #ident_str,
+				ty: #frame_support::__private::scale_info::meta_type::<
+						<T as Config #trait_use_gen>::#ident
+					>(),
+				docs: #frame_support::__private::sp_std::vec![ #( #doc ),* ],
+			}
+		})
+	});
+
+	quote::quote!(
+		impl<#type_impl_gen> #pallet_ident<#type_use_gen> #completed_where_clause {
+
+			#[doc(hidden)]
+			pub fn pallet_associated_types_metadata()
+				-> #frame_support::__private::sp_std::vec::Vec<#frame_support::__private::metadata_ir::PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR>
+			{
+				#frame_support::__private::sp_std::vec![ #( #types ),* ]
+			}
+		}
+	)
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/genesis_build.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/genesis_build.rs
index 248e83469435c96960f34ddccd55c71ebf650566..b71aed680dc82453d7fb7e9a9d1d2b8f3013be95 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/genesis_build.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/genesis_build.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ pub fn expand_genesis_build(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 	let where_clause = &genesis_build.where_clause;
 
 	quote::quote_spanned!(genesis_build.attr_span =>
-		#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+		#frame_support::std_enabled! {
 			impl<#type_impl_gen> #frame_support::sp_runtime::BuildStorage for #gen_cfg_ident<#gen_cfg_use_gen> #where_clause
 			{
 				fn assimilate_storage(&self, storage: &mut #frame_support::sp_runtime::Storage) -> std::result::Result<(), std::string::String> {
@@ -45,5 +45,6 @@ pub fn expand_genesis_build(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 					})
 				}
 			}
+		}
 	)
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/hooks.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/hooks.rs
index 1b0c09c4e36576eb8ba694decf0b7cfb6a99a6f1..c31ddd8a47ba7fb87e16253cb1350bf9f05ce166 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/hooks.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/hooks.rs
@@ -324,15 +324,13 @@ pub fn expand_hooks(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 						Self as #frame_support::traits::Hooks<
 							#frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor::<T>
 						>
-					>::try_state(n).map_err(|err| {
+					>::try_state(n).inspect_err(|err| {
 						#frame_support::__private::log::error!(
 							target: #frame_support::LOG_TARGET,
 							"❌ {:?} try_state checks failed: {:?}",
 							#pallet_name,
 							err
 						);
-
-						err
 					})
 				}
 			}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/mod.rs
index 067839c2846353cb995d4c160ac2f38313c19d01..3f9b50f79c0ccf8ea37e23cd79d1bd1aead2064f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/mod.rs
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ pub fn expand(mut def: Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 	let constants = constants::expand_constants(&mut def);
 	let pallet_struct = pallet_struct::expand_pallet_struct(&mut def);
 	let config = config::expand_config(&mut def);
+	let associated_types = config::expand_config_metadata(&def);
 	let call = call::expand_call(&mut def);
 	let tasks = tasks::expand_tasks(&mut def);
 	let error = error::expand_error(&mut def);
@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@ storage item. Otherwise, all storage items are listed among [*Type Definitions*]
 		#constants
 		#pallet_struct
 		#config
+		#associated_types
 		#call
 		#tasks
 		#error
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/storage.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/storage.rs
index e5bfa2793cbb2ce6a84772d7f8abc8a2d7b6b8ad..10e674c3cb1947a5d89a87f971e08a7d42257751 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/storage.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/storage.rs
@@ -427,15 +427,17 @@ pub fn expand_storages(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 		};
 		entries_builder.push(quote::quote_spanned!(storage.attr_span =>
 			#(#cfg_attrs)*
-			{
-				<#full_ident as #frame_support::storage::StorageEntryMetadataBuilder>::build_metadata(
-					#deprecation,
-					#frame_support::__private::vec![
-						#( #docs, )*
-					],
-					&mut entries,
-				);
-			}
+			(|entries: &mut #frame_support::__private::Vec<_>| {
+				{
+					<#full_ident as #frame_support::storage::StorageEntryMetadataBuilder>::build_metadata(
+						#deprecation,
+						#frame_support::__private::vec![
+							#( #docs, )*
+						],
+						entries,
+					);
+				}
+			})
 		))
 	}
 
@@ -911,7 +913,7 @@ pub fn expand_storages(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 					entries: {
 						#[allow(unused_mut)]
 						let mut entries = #frame_support::__private::vec![];
-						#( #entries_builder )*
+						#( #entries_builder(&mut entries); )*
 						entries
 					},
 				}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/call.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/call.rs
index 346dff46f12e83772af13a89766cc6a340f8f0a7..68ced1bc0ed32246837d1ffa0e018d4e16198c48 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/call.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/call.rs
@@ -400,18 +400,19 @@ impl CallDef {
 					}
 
 					for (feeless_arg, arg) in feeless_check.inputs.iter().skip(1).zip(args.iter()) {
-						let feeless_arg_type =
-							if let syn::Pat::Type(syn::PatType { ty, .. }) = feeless_arg.clone() {
-								if let syn::Type::Reference(pat) = *ty {
-									pat.elem.clone()
-								} else {
-									let msg = "Invalid pallet::call, feeless_if closure argument must be a reference";
-									return Err(syn::Error::new(ty.span(), msg));
-								}
+						let feeless_arg_type = if let syn::Pat::Type(syn::PatType { ty, .. }) =
+							feeless_arg.clone()
+						{
+							if let syn::Type::Reference(pat) = *ty {
+								pat.elem.clone()
 							} else {
-								let msg = "Invalid pallet::call, feeless_if closure argument must be a type ascription pattern";
-								return Err(syn::Error::new(feeless_arg.span(), msg));
-							};
+								let msg = "Invalid pallet::call, feeless_if closure argument must be a reference";
+								return Err(syn::Error::new(ty.span(), msg));
+							}
+						} else {
+							let msg = "Invalid pallet::call, feeless_if closure argument must be a type ascription pattern";
+							return Err(syn::Error::new(feeless_arg.span(), msg));
+						};
 
 						if feeless_arg_type != arg.2 {
 							let msg =
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/config.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/config.rs
index 9a59d7114202ff4d2b95fe99fdce9d7dbf839bef..6b6dcc802e2e7b39555a831ea2ed8be15190411d 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/config.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/config.rs
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 use super::helper;
-use frame_support_procedural_tools::{get_doc_literals, is_using_frame_crate};
+use frame_support_procedural_tools::{get_cfg_attributes, get_doc_literals, is_using_frame_crate};
 use quote::ToTokens;
-use syn::{spanned::Spanned, token, Token};
+use syn::{spanned::Spanned, token, Token, TraitItemType};
 
 /// List of additional token to be used for parsing.
 mod keyword {
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ mod keyword {
 	syn::custom_keyword!(no_default);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(no_default_bounds);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(constant);
+	syn::custom_keyword!(include_metadata);
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
@@ -55,6 +56,8 @@ pub struct ConfigDef {
 	pub has_instance: bool,
 	/// Const associated type.
 	pub consts_metadata: Vec<ConstMetadataDef>,
+	/// Associated types metadata.
+	pub associated_types_metadata: Vec<AssociatedTypeMetadataDef>,
 	/// Whether the trait has the associated type `Event`, note that those bounds are
 	/// checked:
 	/// * `IsType<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent`
@@ -70,6 +73,26 @@ pub struct ConfigDef {
 	pub default_sub_trait: Option<DefaultTrait>,
 }
 
+/// Input definition for an associated type in pallet config.
+pub struct AssociatedTypeMetadataDef {
+	/// Name of the associated type.
+	pub ident: syn::Ident,
+	/// The doc associated.
+	pub doc: Vec<syn::Expr>,
+	/// The cfg associated.
+	pub cfg: Vec<syn::Attribute>,
+}
+
+impl From<&syn::TraitItemType> for AssociatedTypeMetadataDef {
+	fn from(trait_ty: &syn::TraitItemType) -> Self {
+		let ident = trait_ty.ident.clone();
+		let doc = get_doc_literals(&trait_ty.attrs);
+		let cfg = get_cfg_attributes(&trait_ty.attrs);
+
+		Self { ident, doc, cfg }
+	}
+}
+
 /// Input definition for a constant in pallet config.
 pub struct ConstMetadataDef {
 	/// Name of the associated type.
@@ -146,6 +169,8 @@ pub enum PalletAttrType {
 	NoBounds(keyword::no_default_bounds),
 	#[peek(keyword::constant, name = "constant")]
 	Constant(keyword::constant),
+	#[peek(keyword::include_metadata, name = "include_metadata")]
+	IncludeMetadata(keyword::include_metadata),
 }
 
 /// Parsing for `#[pallet::X]`
@@ -322,12 +347,32 @@ pub fn replace_self_by_t(input: proc_macro2::TokenStream) -> proc_macro2::TokenS
 		.collect()
 }
 
+/// Check that the trait item requires the `TypeInfo` bound (or similar).
+fn contains_type_info_bound(ty: &TraitItemType) -> bool {
+	const KNOWN_TYPE_INFO_BOUNDS: &[&str] = &[
+		// Explicit TypeInfo trait.
+		"TypeInfo",
+		// Implicit known substrate traits that implement type info.
+		// Note: Aim to keep this list as small as possible.
+		"Parameter",
+	];
+
+	ty.bounds.iter().any(|bound| {
+		let syn::TypeParamBound::Trait(bound) = bound else { return false };
+
+		KNOWN_TYPE_INFO_BOUNDS
+			.iter()
+			.any(|known| bound.path.segments.last().map_or(false, |last| last.ident == *known))
+	})
+}
+
 impl ConfigDef {
 	pub fn try_from(
 		frame_system: &syn::Path,
 		index: usize,
 		item: &mut syn::Item,
 		enable_default: bool,
+		disable_associated_metadata: bool,
 	) -> syn::Result<Self> {
 		let syn::Item::Trait(item) = item else {
 			let msg = "Invalid pallet::config, expected trait definition";
@@ -368,6 +413,7 @@ impl ConfigDef {
 
 		let mut has_event_type = false;
 		let mut consts_metadata = vec![];
+		let mut associated_types_metadata = vec![];
 		let mut default_sub_trait = if enable_default {
 			Some(DefaultTrait {
 				items: Default::default(),
@@ -383,6 +429,7 @@ impl ConfigDef {
 			let mut already_no_default = false;
 			let mut already_constant = false;
 			let mut already_no_default_bounds = false;
+			let mut already_collected_associated_type = None;
 
 			while let Ok(Some(pallet_attr)) =
 				helper::take_first_item_pallet_attr::<PalletAttr>(trait_item)
@@ -403,11 +450,29 @@ impl ConfigDef {
 							trait_item.span(),
 							"Invalid #[pallet::constant] in #[pallet::config], expected type item",
 						)),
+					// Pallet developer has explicitly requested to include metadata for this associated type.
+					//
+					// They must provide a type item that implements `TypeInfo`.
+					(PalletAttrType::IncludeMetadata(_), syn::TraitItem::Type(ref typ)) => {
+						if already_collected_associated_type.is_some() {
+							return Err(syn::Error::new(
+								pallet_attr._bracket.span.join(),
+								"Duplicate #[pallet::include_metadata] attribute not allowed.",
+							));
+						}
+						already_collected_associated_type = Some(pallet_attr._bracket.span.join());
+						associated_types_metadata.push(AssociatedTypeMetadataDef::from(AssociatedTypeMetadataDef::from(typ)));
+					}
+					(PalletAttrType::IncludeMetadata(_), _) =>
+						return Err(syn::Error::new(
+							pallet_attr._bracket.span.join(),
+							"Invalid #[pallet::include_metadata] in #[pallet::config], expected type item",
+						)),
 					(PalletAttrType::NoDefault(_), _) => {
 						if !enable_default {
 							return Err(syn::Error::new(
 								pallet_attr._bracket.span.join(),
-								"`#[pallet:no_default]` can only be used if `#[pallet::config(with_default)]` \
+								"`#[pallet::no_default]` can only be used if `#[pallet::config(with_default)]` \
 								has been specified"
 							));
 						}
@@ -439,6 +504,47 @@ impl ConfigDef {
 				}
 			}
 
+			if let Some(span) = already_collected_associated_type {
+				// Events and constants are already propagated to the metadata
+				if is_event {
+					return Err(syn::Error::new(
+						span,
+						"Invalid #[pallet::include_metadata] for `type RuntimeEvent`. \
+						The associated type `RuntimeEvent` is already collected in the metadata.",
+					))
+				}
+
+				if already_constant {
+					return Err(syn::Error::new(
+						span,
+						"Invalid #[pallet::include_metadata]: conflict with #[pallet::constant]. \
+						Pallet constant already collect the metadata for the type.",
+					))
+				}
+
+				if let syn::TraitItem::Type(ref ty) = trait_item {
+					if !contains_type_info_bound(ty) {
+						let msg = format!(
+						"Invalid #[pallet::include_metadata] in #[pallet::config], collected type `{}` \
+						does not implement `TypeInfo` or `Parameter`",
+						ty.ident,
+					);
+						return Err(syn::Error::new(span, msg));
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				// Metadata of associated types is collected by default, if the associated type
+				// implements `TypeInfo`, or a similar trait that requires the `TypeInfo` bound.
+				if !disable_associated_metadata && !is_event && !already_constant {
+					if let syn::TraitItem::Type(ref ty) = trait_item {
+						// Collect the metadata of the associated type if it implements `TypeInfo`.
+						if contains_type_info_bound(ty) {
+							associated_types_metadata.push(AssociatedTypeMetadataDef::from(ty));
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
 			if !already_no_default && enable_default {
 				default_sub_trait
 					.as_mut()
@@ -481,6 +587,7 @@ impl ConfigDef {
 			index,
 			has_instance,
 			consts_metadata,
+			associated_types_metadata,
 			has_event_type,
 			where_clause,
 			default_sub_trait,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/mod.rs
index b9c7afcab0f917b4242543a2967e3e9a9de999e0..5036f691690f663939359d3596cd2c582571f1b2 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/mod.rs
@@ -108,12 +108,13 @@ impl Def {
 			let pallet_attr: Option<PalletAttr> = helper::take_first_item_pallet_attr(item)?;
 
 			match pallet_attr {
-				Some(PalletAttr::Config(_, with_default)) if config.is_none() =>
+				Some(PalletAttr::Config{ with_default, without_automatic_metadata, ..}) if config.is_none() =>
 					config = Some(config::ConfigDef::try_from(
 						&frame_system,
 						index,
 						item,
 						with_default,
+						without_automatic_metadata,
 					)?),
 				Some(PalletAttr::Pallet(span)) if pallet_struct.is_none() => {
 					let p = pallet_struct::PalletStructDef::try_from(span, index, item)?;
@@ -547,6 +548,7 @@ mod keyword {
 	syn::custom_keyword!(event);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(config);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(with_default);
+	syn::custom_keyword!(without_automatic_metadata);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(hooks);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(inherent);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(error);
@@ -560,10 +562,37 @@ mod keyword {
 	syn::custom_keyword!(composite_enum);
 }
 
+/// The possible values for the `#[pallet::config]` attribute.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+enum ConfigValue {
+	/// `#[pallet::config(with_default)]`
+	WithDefault(keyword::with_default),
+	/// `#[pallet::config(without_automatic_metadata)]`
+	WithoutAutomaticMetadata(keyword::without_automatic_metadata),
+}
+
+impl syn::parse::Parse for ConfigValue {
+	fn parse(input: syn::parse::ParseStream) -> syn::Result<Self> {
+		let lookahead = input.lookahead1();
+
+		if lookahead.peek(keyword::with_default) {
+			input.parse().map(ConfigValue::WithDefault)
+		} else if lookahead.peek(keyword::without_automatic_metadata) {
+			input.parse().map(ConfigValue::WithoutAutomaticMetadata)
+		} else {
+			Err(lookahead.error())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 /// Parse attributes for item in pallet module
 /// syntax must be `pallet::` (e.g. `#[pallet::config]`)
 enum PalletAttr {
-	Config(proc_macro2::Span, bool),
+	Config {
+		span: proc_macro2::Span,
+		with_default: bool,
+		without_automatic_metadata: bool,
+	},
 	Pallet(proc_macro2::Span),
 	Hooks(proc_macro2::Span),
 	/// A `#[pallet::call]` with optional attributes to specialize the behaviour.
@@ -625,7 +654,7 @@ enum PalletAttr {
 impl PalletAttr {
 	fn span(&self) -> proc_macro2::Span {
 		match self {
-			Self::Config(span, _) => *span,
+			Self::Config { span, .. } => *span,
 			Self::Pallet(span) => *span,
 			Self::Hooks(span) => *span,
 			Self::Tasks(span) => *span,
@@ -660,13 +689,49 @@ impl syn::parse::Parse for PalletAttr {
 		let lookahead = content.lookahead1();
 		if lookahead.peek(keyword::config) {
 			let span = content.parse::<keyword::config>()?.span();
-			let with_default = content.peek(syn::token::Paren);
-			if with_default {
+			if content.peek(syn::token::Paren) {
 				let inside_config;
+
+				// Parse (with_default, without_automatic_metadata) attributes.
 				let _paren = syn::parenthesized!(inside_config in content);
-				inside_config.parse::<keyword::with_default>()?;
+
+				let fields: syn::punctuated::Punctuated<ConfigValue, syn::Token![,]> =
+					inside_config.parse_terminated(ConfigValue::parse, syn::Token![,])?;
+				let config_values = fields.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+				let mut with_default = false;
+				let mut without_automatic_metadata = false;
+				for config in config_values {
+					match config {
+						ConfigValue::WithDefault(_) => {
+							if with_default {
+								return Err(syn::Error::new(
+									span,
+									"Invalid duplicated attribute for `#[pallet::config]`. Please remove duplicates: with_default.",
+								));
+							}
+							with_default = true;
+						},
+						ConfigValue::WithoutAutomaticMetadata(_) => {
+							if without_automatic_metadata {
+								return Err(syn::Error::new(
+									span,
+									"Invalid duplicated attribute for `#[pallet::config]`. Please remove duplicates: without_automatic_metadata.",
+								));
+							}
+							without_automatic_metadata = true;
+						},
+					}
+				}
+
+				Ok(PalletAttr::Config { span, with_default, without_automatic_metadata })
+			} else {
+				Ok(PalletAttr::Config {
+					span,
+					with_default: false,
+					without_automatic_metadata: false,
+				})
 			}
-			Ok(PalletAttr::Config(span, with_default))
 		} else if lookahead.peek(keyword::pallet) {
 			Ok(PalletAttr::Pallet(content.parse::<keyword::pallet>()?.span()))
 		} else if lookahead.peek(keyword::hooks) {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/runtime/expand/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/runtime/expand/mod.rs
index f34ab1cef5436ffd6fccfff628a94d149a9ed5f5..666bc03aa415df6b495cd479e62cb929f8767cd8 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/runtime/expand/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/runtime/expand/mod.rs
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ pub fn expand(def: Def, legacy_ordering: bool) -> TokenStream2 {
 	};
 
 	let res = expander::Expander::new("construct_runtime")
-		.dry(std::env::var("FRAME_EXPAND").is_err())
+		.dry(std::env::var("EXPAND_MACROS").is_err())
 		.verbose(true)
 		.write_to_out_dir(res)
 		.expect("Does not fail because of IO in OUT_DIR; qed");
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/runtime/parse/pallet.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/runtime/parse/pallet.rs
index de1efa267c899d133d3b881bcb1e3b616bf4780b..52f57cd2cd8b66fd574a48663ebc5bd832b642e5 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/runtime/parse/pallet.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/runtime/parse/pallet.rs
@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ impl Pallet {
 			cfg_pattern,
 			pallet_parts,
 			docs,
-			attrs: item.attrs.clone(),
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/tools/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/tools/src/lib.rs
index ea53335a88fd4565e41680e2393b9affb248c975..d1d7efaab01d7efcfbd4d16bc501bcbda1c2ef22 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/procedural/tools/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/procedural/tools/src/lib.rs
@@ -181,3 +181,17 @@ pub fn get_doc_literals(attrs: &[syn::Attribute]) -> Vec<syn::Expr> {
 		})
 		.collect()
 }
+
+/// Return all cfg attributes literals found.
+pub fn get_cfg_attributes(attrs: &[syn::Attribute]) -> Vec<syn::Attribute> {
+	attrs
+		.iter()
+		.filter_map(|attr| {
+			if let syn::Meta::List(meta) = &attr.meta {
+				meta.path.get_ident().filter(|ident| *ident == "cfg").map(|_| attr.clone())
+			} else {
+				None
+			}
+		})
+		.collect()
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/lib.rs
index 28283f2a5a06aea06ec1e7e513687ffc9982951a..1f2ec71b191f7b965f03ddb55af4127cbb010cee 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/lib.rs
@@ -915,7 +915,10 @@ pub mod pallet_prelude {
 	pub use scale_info::TypeInfo;
 	pub use sp_inherents::MakeFatalError;
 	pub use sp_runtime::{
-		traits::{MaybeSerializeDeserialize, Member, ValidateUnsigned},
+		traits::{
+			CheckedAdd, CheckedConversion, CheckedDiv, CheckedMul, CheckedShl, CheckedShr,
+			CheckedSub, MaybeSerializeDeserialize, Member, One, ValidateUnsigned, Zero,
+		},
 		transaction_validity::{
 			InvalidTransaction, TransactionLongevity, TransactionPriority, TransactionSource,
 			TransactionTag, TransactionValidity, TransactionValidityError, UnknownTransaction,
@@ -1562,6 +1565,53 @@ pub mod pallet_macros {
 	/// * [`frame_support::derive_impl`].
 	/// * [`#[pallet::no_default]`](`no_default`)
 	/// * [`#[pallet::no_default_bounds]`](`no_default_bounds`)
+	///
+	/// ## Optional: `without_automatic_metadata`
+	///
+	/// By default, the associated types of the `Config` trait that require the `TypeInfo` or
+	/// `Parameter` bounds are included in the metadata of the pallet.
+	///
+	/// The optional `without_automatic_metadata` argument can be used to exclude these
+	/// associated types from the metadata collection.
+	///
+	/// Furthermore, the `without_automatic_metadata` argument can be used in combination with
+	/// the [`#[pallet::include_metadata]`](`include_metadata`) attribute to selectively
+	/// include only certain associated types in the metadata collection.
+	///
+	/// ```
+	/// #[frame_support::pallet]
+	/// mod pallet {
+	/// # 	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+	/// # 	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
+	/// # 	use core::fmt::Debug;
+	/// # 	use frame_support::traits::Contains;
+	/// #
+	/// # 	pub trait SomeMoreComplexBound {}
+	/// #
+	/// 	#[pallet::pallet]
+	/// 	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+	///
+	/// 	#[pallet::config(with_default, without_automatic_metadata)] // <- with_default and without_automatic_metadata are optional
+	/// 	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+	/// 		/// The overarching event type.
+	/// 		#[pallet::no_default_bounds] // Default with bounds is not supported for RuntimeEvent
+	/// 		type RuntimeEvent: From<Event<Self>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent>;
+	///
+	/// 		/// A simple type.
+	/// 		// Type that would have been included in metadata, but is now excluded.
+	/// 		type SimpleType: From<u32> + TypeInfo;
+	///
+	/// 		// The `pallet::include_metadata` is used to selectively include this type in metadata.
+	/// 		#[pallet::include_metadata]
+	/// 		type SelectivelyInclude: From<u32> + TypeInfo;
+	/// 	}
+	///
+	/// 	#[pallet::event]
+	/// 	pub enum Event<T: Config> {
+	/// 		SomeEvent(u16, u32),
+	/// 	}
+	/// }
+	/// ```
 	pub use frame_support_procedural::config;
 
 	/// Allows defining an enum that gets composed as an aggregate enum by `construct_runtime`.
@@ -1959,6 +2009,17 @@ pub mod pallet_macros {
 	///   will be returned.
 	pub use frame_support_procedural::event;
 
+	/// Selectively includes associated types in the metadata.
+	///
+	/// The optional attribute allows you to selectively include associated types in the
+	/// metadata. This can be attached to trait items that implement `TypeInfo`.
+	///
+	/// By default all collectable associated types are included in the metadata.
+	///
+	/// This attribute can be used in combination with the
+	/// [`#[pallet::config(without_automatic_metadata)]`](`config`).
+	pub use frame_support_procedural::include_metadata;
+
 	/// Allows a pallet to declare a set of functions as a *dispatchable extrinsic*.
 	///
 	/// In slightly simplified terms, this macro declares the set of "transactions" of a
@@ -2523,6 +2584,8 @@ pub use frame_support_procedural::register_default_impl;
 sp_core::generate_feature_enabled_macro!(std_enabled, feature = "std", $);
 // Generate a macro that will enable/disable code based on `try-runtime` feature being active.
 sp_core::generate_feature_enabled_macro!(try_runtime_enabled, feature = "try-runtime", $);
+sp_core::generate_feature_enabled_macro!(try_runtime_or_std_enabled, any(feature = "try-runtime", feature = "std"), $);
+sp_core::generate_feature_enabled_macro!(try_runtime_and_std_not_enabled, all(not(feature = "try-runtime"), not(feature = "std")), $);
 
 // Helper for implementing GenesisBuilder runtime API
 pub mod genesis_builder_helper;
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/migrations.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/migrations.rs
index 0eabf9d0ee162a5f4bc887119a6c9923aa8e7f1a..905d6143e4f1c9ba97c73963fd97b165e51adb06 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/migrations.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/migrations.rs
@@ -529,6 +529,25 @@ pub trait SteppedMigration {
 		})
 		.map_err(|()| SteppedMigrationError::Failed)?
 	}
+
+	/// Hook for testing that is run before the migration is started.
+	///
+	/// Returns some bytes which are passed into `post_upgrade` after the migration is completed.
+	/// This is not run for the real migration, so panicking is not an issue here.
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn pre_upgrade() -> Result<Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
+		Ok(Vec::new())
+	}
+
+	/// Hook for testing that is run after the migration is completed.
+	///
+	/// Should be used to verify the state of the chain after the migration. The `state` parameter
+	/// is the return value from `pre_upgrade`. This is not run for the real migration, so panicking
+	/// is not an issue here.
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn post_upgrade(_state: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
+		Ok(())
+	}
 }
 
 /// Error that can occur during a [`SteppedMigration`].
@@ -700,6 +719,19 @@ pub trait SteppedMigrations {
 		meter: &mut WeightMeter,
 	) -> Option<Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, SteppedMigrationError>>;
 
+	/// Call the pre-upgrade hooks of the `n`th migration.
+	///
+	/// Returns `None` if the index is out of bounds.
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_pre_upgrade(n: u32) -> Option<Result<Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>>;
+
+	/// Call the post-upgrade hooks of the `n`th migration.
+	///
+	/// Returns `None` if the index is out of bounds.
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_post_upgrade(n: u32, _state: Vec<u8>)
+		-> Option<Result<(), sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>>;
+
 	/// The maximal encoded length across all cursors.
 	fn cursor_max_encoded_len() -> usize;
 
@@ -763,6 +795,19 @@ impl SteppedMigrations for () {
 		None
 	}
 
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_pre_upgrade(_n: u32) -> Option<Result<Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>> {
+		Some(Ok(Vec::new()))
+	}
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_post_upgrade(
+		_n: u32,
+		_state: Vec<u8>,
+	) -> Option<Result<(), sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>> {
+		Some(Ok(()))
+	}
+
 	fn cursor_max_encoded_len() -> usize {
 		0
 	}
@@ -792,11 +837,11 @@ impl<T: SteppedMigration> SteppedMigrations for T {
 	}
 
 	fn nth_step(
-		_n: u32,
+		n: u32,
 		cursor: Option<Vec<u8>>,
 		meter: &mut WeightMeter,
 	) -> Option<Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, SteppedMigrationError>> {
-		if !_n.is_zero() {
+		if !n.is_zero() {
 			defensive!("nth_step should only be called with n==0");
 			return None
 		}
@@ -835,6 +880,23 @@ impl<T: SteppedMigration> SteppedMigrations for T {
 		)
 	}
 
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_pre_upgrade(n: u32) -> Option<Result<Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>> {
+		if n != 0 {
+			defensive!("nth_pre_upgrade should only be called with n==0");
+		}
+
+		Some(T::pre_upgrade())
+	}
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_post_upgrade(n: u32, state: Vec<u8>) -> Option<Result<(), sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>> {
+		if n != 0 {
+			defensive!("nth_post_upgrade should only be called with n==0");
+		}
+		Some(T::post_upgrade(state))
+	}
+
 	fn cursor_max_encoded_len() -> usize {
 		T::Cursor::max_encoded_len()
 	}
@@ -900,6 +962,36 @@ impl SteppedMigrations for Tuple {
 		None
 	}
 
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_pre_upgrade(n: u32) -> Option<Result<Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>> {
+		let mut i = 0;
+
+		for_tuples! ( #(
+			if (i + Tuple::len()) > n {
+				return Tuple::nth_pre_upgrade(n - i)
+			}
+
+			i += Tuple::len();
+		)* );
+
+		None
+	}
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+	fn nth_post_upgrade(n: u32, state: Vec<u8>) -> Option<Result<(), sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError>> {
+		let mut i = 0;
+
+		for_tuples! ( #(
+			if (i + Tuple::len()) > n {
+				return Tuple::nth_post_upgrade(n - i, state)
+			}
+
+			i += Tuple::len();
+		)* );
+
+		None
+	}
+
 	fn nth_max_steps(n: u32) -> Option<Option<u32>> {
 		let mut i = 0;
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/double_map.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/double_map.rs
index b68f3fa495ff9a63cf4e17ec2f9e0e263257e2ed..a9116f1f66bd98ed23e1c4b938155ad9b574f2dd 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/double_map.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/double_map.rs
@@ -346,9 +346,8 @@ where
 
 			final_key
 		};
-		unhashed::take(old_key.as_ref()).map(|value| {
+		unhashed::take(old_key.as_ref()).inspect(|value| {
 			unhashed::put(Self::storage_double_map_final_key(key1, key2).as_ref(), &value);
-			value
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/map.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/map.rs
index e905df41a5a66646e816693b24c3eae5f5d5ce88..2d1f6c9f73a29636194f55c6f4159e7592150ba3 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/map.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/map.rs
@@ -311,9 +311,8 @@ impl<K: FullEncode, V: FullCodec, G: StorageMap<K, V>> storage::StorageMap<K, V>
 
 			final_key
 		};
-		unhashed::take(old_key.as_ref()).map(|value| {
+		unhashed::take(old_key.as_ref()).inspect(|value| {
 			unhashed::put(Self::storage_map_final_key(key).as_ref(), &value);
-			value
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/nmap.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/nmap.rs
index 0466583a27955665090c33e6527caa9182abf90f..9083aba9d32c0006e2a69a3c348c7824fb5f76a8 100755
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/nmap.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/generator/nmap.rs
@@ -305,9 +305,8 @@ where
 
 			final_key
 		};
-		unhashed::take(old_key.as_ref()).map(|value| {
+		unhashed::take(old_key.as_ref()).inspect(|value| {
 			unhashed::put(Self::storage_n_map_final_key::<K, _>(key).as_ref(), &value);
-			value
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/types/double_map.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/types/double_map.rs
index c70d9de54467a5f421197bf3620226dfb5925161..24aad3de0b3316bbf85ffc617e8dc8d16091539c 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/types/double_map.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/storage/types/double_map.rs
@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ impl<Prefix, Hasher1, Key1, Hasher2, Key2, Value, QueryKind, OnEmpty, MaxValues>
 			OnEmpty,
 			MaxValues,
 		>,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	Prefix: StorageInstance,
 	Hasher1: crate::hash::StorageHasher,
 	Hasher2: crate::hash::StorageHasher,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/tests/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/tests/mod.rs
index 5e1bcc777df4ff3bb364721b87990439fd88e0b9..7c90a12d4167e376841cb0c5a683d56d36559c5c 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/tests/mod.rs
@@ -769,5 +769,6 @@ fn derive_partial_eq_no_bound_core_mod() {
 		crate::DefaultNoBound,
 		crate::EqNoBound,
 	)]
+	#[allow(dead_code)]
 	struct Test;
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits.rs
index 6e59ff9d030be6a494b85836e524c7a81bb3cee7..631225b9a327c6ff467db9815b9539215ad39ca7 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ pub mod tokens;
 pub use tokens::{
 	currency::{
 		ActiveIssuanceOf, Currency, InspectLockableCurrency, LockIdentifier, LockableCurrency,
-		NamedReservableCurrency, ReservableCurrency, TotalIssuanceOf, VestingSchedule,
+		NamedReservableCurrency, ReservableCurrency, TotalIssuanceOf, VestedTransfer,
+		VestingSchedule,
 	},
 	fungible, fungibles,
 	imbalance::{Imbalance, OnUnbalanced, SignedImbalance},
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/misc.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/misc.rs
index 492475d6f63c66fc4ac55eb9a67e8ec534db3df5..4d3b122daf67bf78e775c6ab54e6b6d91be5a3ed 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/misc.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/misc.rs
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ pub trait DefensiveMin<T> {
 	/// assert_eq!(4, 4_u32.defensive_min(4_u32));
 	/// ```
 	///
-	/// ```#[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, should_panic)]
+	/// ```should_panic
 	/// use frame_support::traits::DefensiveMin;
 	/// // min(4, 3) panics.
 	/// 4_u32.defensive_min(3_u32);
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ pub trait DefensiveMin<T> {
 	/// assert_eq!(3, 3_u32.defensive_strict_min(4_u32));
 	/// ```
 	///
-	/// ```#[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, should_panic)]
+	/// ```should_panic
 	/// use frame_support::traits::DefensiveMin;
 	/// // min(4, 4) panics.
 	/// 4_u32.defensive_strict_min(4_u32);
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ pub trait DefensiveMax<T> {
 	/// assert_eq!(4, 4_u32.defensive_max(4_u32));
 	/// ```
 	///
-	/// ```#[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, should_panic)]
+	/// ```should_panic
 	/// use frame_support::traits::DefensiveMax;
 	/// // max(4, 5) panics.
 	/// 4_u32.defensive_max(5_u32);
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ pub trait DefensiveMax<T> {
 	/// assert_eq!(4, 4_u32.defensive_strict_max(3_u32));
 	/// ```
 	///
-	/// ```#[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, should_panic)]
+	/// ```should_panic
 	/// use frame_support::traits::DefensiveMax;
 	/// // max(4, 4) panics.
 	/// 4_u32.defensive_strict_max(4_u32);
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/proving.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/proving.rs
index dc44f4cd68e7ad4de12895e9cbebc3a4ca6890f4..84e37bde38dbcac2fe6b052cb6b6254b2b299c1e 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/proving.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/proving.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use codec::{Decode, Encode};
 use sp_core::Hasher;
+use sp_runtime::DispatchError;
+
+// Re-export the `proving_trie` types and traits.
+pub use sp_runtime::proving_trie::*;
 
 /// Something that can verify the existence of some data in a given proof.
 pub trait VerifyExistenceProof {
@@ -31,7 +35,7 @@ pub trait VerifyExistenceProof {
 	/// Verify the given `proof`.
 	///
 	/// Ensures that the `proof` was build for `root` and returns the proved data.
-	fn verify_proof(proof: Self::Proof, root: &Self::Hash) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ()>;
+	fn verify_proof(proof: Self::Proof, root: &Self::Hash) -> Result<Vec<u8>, DispatchError>;
 }
 
 /// Implements [`VerifyExistenceProof`] using a binary merkle tree.
@@ -44,9 +48,9 @@ where
 	type Proof = binary_merkle_tree::MerkleProof<H::Out, Vec<u8>>;
 	type Hash = H::Out;
 
-	fn verify_proof(proof: Self::Proof, root: &Self::Hash) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ()> {
+	fn verify_proof(proof: Self::Proof, root: &Self::Hash) -> Result<Vec<u8>, DispatchError> {
 		if proof.root != *root {
-			return Err(());
+			return Err(TrieError::RootMismatch.into());
 		}
 
 		if binary_merkle_tree::verify_proof::<H, _, _>(
@@ -58,13 +62,25 @@ where
 		) {
 			Ok(proof.leaf)
 		} else {
-			Err(())
+			Err(TrieError::IncompleteProof.into())
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+impl<H: Hasher> ProofToHashes for BinaryMerkleTreeProver<H> {
+	type Proof = binary_merkle_tree::MerkleProof<H::Out, Vec<u8>>;
+
+	// This base 2 merkle trie includes a `proof` field which is a `Vec<Hash>`.
+	// The length of this vector tells us the depth of the proof, and how many
+	// hashes we need to calculate.
+	fn proof_to_hashes(proof: &Self::Proof) -> Result<u32, DispatchError> {
+		let depth = proof.proof.len();
+		Ok(depth as u32)
+	}
+}
+
 /// Proof used by [`SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeProver`] for [`VerifyExistenceProof`].
-#[derive(Encode, Decode)]
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone)]
 pub struct SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeExistenceProof {
 	/// The key of the value to prove.
 	pub key: Vec<u8>,
@@ -81,21 +97,35 @@ impl<H: Hasher> VerifyExistenceProof for SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeProver<H> {
 	type Proof = SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeExistenceProof;
 	type Hash = H::Out;
 
-	fn verify_proof(proof: Self::Proof, root: &Self::Hash) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ()> {
+	fn verify_proof(proof: Self::Proof, root: &Self::Hash) -> Result<Vec<u8>, DispatchError> {
 		sp_trie::verify_trie_proof::<sp_trie::LayoutV1<H>, _, _, _>(
 			&root,
 			&proof.proof,
 			[&(&proof.key, Some(&proof.value))],
 		)
-		.map_err(drop)
+		.map_err(|err| TrieError::from(err).into())
 		.map(|_| proof.value)
 	}
 }
 
+impl<H: Hasher> ProofToHashes for SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeProver<H> {
+	type Proof = SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeExistenceProof;
+
+	// This base 16 trie uses a raw proof of `Vec<Vec<u8>`, where the length of the first `Vec`
+	// is the depth of the trie. We can use this to predict the number of hashes.
+	fn proof_to_hashes(proof: &Self::Proof) -> Result<u32, DispatchError> {
+		let depth = proof.proof.len();
+		Ok(depth as u32)
+	}
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
-	use sp_runtime::{proving_trie::BasicProvingTrie, traits::BlakeTwo256};
+	use sp_runtime::{
+		proving_trie::{base16::BasicProvingTrie, ProvingTrie},
+		traits::BlakeTwo256,
+	};
 
 	#[test]
 	fn verify_binary_merkle_tree_prover_works() {
@@ -113,23 +143,87 @@ mod tests {
 
 	#[test]
 	fn verify_sixteen_patricia_merkle_tree_prover_works() {
-		let trie = BasicProvingTrie::<BlakeTwo256, u32, &[u8]>::generate_for(vec![
-			(0u32, &b"hey"[..]),
-			(1u32, &b"yes"[..]),
+		let trie = BasicProvingTrie::<BlakeTwo256, u32, _>::generate_for(vec![
+			(0u32, String::from("hey")),
+			(1u32, String::from("yes")),
 		])
 		.unwrap();
-		let proof = trie.create_single_value_proof(1u32).unwrap();
+		let proof = trie.create_proof(&1u32).unwrap();
+		let structured_proof: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Decode::decode(&mut &proof[..]).unwrap();
 		let root = *trie.root();
 
 		let proof = SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeExistenceProof {
 			key: 1u32.encode(),
-			value: b"yes"[..].encode(),
-			proof,
+			value: String::from("yes").encode(),
+			proof: structured_proof,
 		};
 
 		assert_eq!(
 			SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeProver::<BlakeTwo256>::verify_proof(proof, &root).unwrap(),
-			b"yes"[..].encode()
+			String::from("yes").encode()
 		);
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn proof_to_hashes_sixteen() {
+		let mut i: u32 = 1;
+
+		// Compute log base 16 and round up
+		let log16 = |x: u32| -> u32 {
+			let x_f64 = x as f64;
+			let log16_x = (x_f64.ln() / 16_f64.ln()).ceil();
+			log16_x as u32
+		};
+
+		while i < 10_000_000 {
+			let trie = BasicProvingTrie::<BlakeTwo256, u32, _>::generate_for(
+				(0..i).map(|i| (i, u128::from(i))),
+			)
+			.unwrap();
+			let proof = trie.create_proof(&0).unwrap();
+			let structured_proof: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Decode::decode(&mut &proof[..]).unwrap();
+			let root = *trie.root();
+
+			let proof = SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeExistenceProof {
+				key: 0u32.encode(),
+				value: 0u128.encode(),
+				proof: structured_proof,
+			};
+			let hashes =
+				SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeProver::<BlakeTwo256>::proof_to_hashes(&proof).unwrap();
+			let log16 = log16(i).max(1);
+			assert_eq!(hashes, log16);
+
+			assert_eq!(
+				SixteenPatriciaMerkleTreeProver::<BlakeTwo256>::verify_proof(proof.clone(), &root)
+					.unwrap(),
+				proof.value
+			);
+
+			i = i * 10;
+		}
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn proof_to_hashes_binary() {
+		let mut i: u32 = 1;
+		while i < 10_000_000 {
+			let proof = binary_merkle_tree::merkle_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(
+				(0..i).map(|i| u128::from(i).encode()),
+				0,
+			);
+			let root = proof.root;
+
+			let hashes = BinaryMerkleTreeProver::<BlakeTwo256>::proof_to_hashes(&proof).unwrap();
+			let log2 = (i as f64).log2().ceil() as u32;
+			assert_eq!(hashes, log2);
+
+			assert_eq!(
+				BinaryMerkleTreeProver::<BlakeTwo256>::verify_proof(proof, &root).unwrap(),
+				0u128.encode()
+			);
+
+			i = i * 10;
+		}
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/currency.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/currency.rs
index b3db4c98001d900522b33c6a25e3e9b9119c3ea5..ea2c66a32cb04e0022d59163f5b4be6eef0faf57 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/currency.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/currency.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ use sp_runtime::{traits::MaybeSerializeDeserialize, DispatchError};
 mod reservable;
 pub use reservable::{NamedReservableCurrency, ReservableCurrency};
 mod lockable;
-pub use lockable::{InspectLockableCurrency, LockIdentifier, LockableCurrency, VestingSchedule};
+pub use lockable::{
+	InspectLockableCurrency, LockIdentifier, LockableCurrency, VestedTransfer, VestingSchedule,
+};
 
 /// Abstraction over a fungible assets system.
 pub trait Currency<AccountId> {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/currency/lockable.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/currency/lockable.rs
index 51a48dd15ce85c8f41393164f42ca347d0114d1d..4ec45c908e688c132794f62173f6d93a1ab115c0 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/currency/lockable.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/currency/lockable.rs
@@ -112,3 +112,56 @@ pub trait VestingSchedule<AccountId> {
 	/// NOTE: This doesn't alter the free balance of the account.
 	fn remove_vesting_schedule(who: &AccountId, schedule_index: u32) -> DispatchResult;
 }
+
+/// A vested transfer over a currency. This allows a transferred amount to vest over time.
+pub trait VestedTransfer<AccountId> {
+	/// The quantity used to denote time; usually just a `BlockNumber`.
+	type Moment;
+
+	/// The currency that this schedule applies to.
+	type Currency: Currency<AccountId>;
+
+	/// Execute a vested transfer from `source` to `target` with the given schedule:
+	/// 	- `locked`: The amount to be transferred and for the vesting schedule to apply to.
+	/// 	- `per_block`: The amount to be unlocked each block. (linear vesting)
+	/// 	- `starting_block`: The block where the vesting should start. This block can be in the past
+	///    or future, and should adjust when the tokens become available to the user.
+	///
+	/// Example: Assume we are on block 100. If `locked` amount is 100, and `per_block` is 1:
+	/// 	- If `starting_block` is 0, then the whole 100 tokens will be available right away as the
+	///    vesting schedule started in the past and has fully completed.
+	/// 	- If `starting_block` is 50, then 50 tokens are made available right away, and 50 more
+	///    tokens will unlock one token at a time until block 150.
+	/// 	- If `starting_block` is 100, then each block, 1 token will be unlocked until the whole
+	///    balance is unlocked at block 200.
+	/// 	- If `starting_block` is 200, then the 100 token balance will be completely locked until
+	///    block 200, and then start to unlock one token at a time until block 300.
+	fn vested_transfer(
+		source: &AccountId,
+		target: &AccountId,
+		locked: <Self::Currency as Currency<AccountId>>::Balance,
+		per_block: <Self::Currency as Currency<AccountId>>::Balance,
+		starting_block: Self::Moment,
+	) -> DispatchResult;
+}
+
+// An no-op implementation of `VestedTransfer` for pallets that require this trait, but users may
+// not want to implement this functionality
+pub struct NoVestedTransfers<C> {
+	phantom: core::marker::PhantomData<C>,
+}
+
+impl<AccountId, C: Currency<AccountId>> VestedTransfer<AccountId> for NoVestedTransfers<C> {
+	type Moment = ();
+	type Currency = C;
+
+	fn vested_transfer(
+		_source: &AccountId,
+		_target: &AccountId,
+		_locked: <Self::Currency as Currency<AccountId>>::Balance,
+		_per_block: <Self::Currency as Currency<AccountId>>::Balance,
+		_starting_block: Self::Moment,
+	) -> DispatchResult {
+		Err(sp_runtime::DispatchError::Unavailable.into())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/hold.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/hold.rs
index 28ece25c91d427146354e3ad91257e01cd9c4cb5..6737cfe707ac33bc907a9eaeea2104f75fd6e56a 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/hold.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/hold.rs
@@ -430,7 +430,11 @@ pub trait Mutate<AccountId>:
 }
 
 /// Trait for slashing a fungible asset which can be place on hold.
-pub trait Balanced<AccountId>: super::Balanced<AccountId> + Unbalanced<AccountId> {
+pub trait Balanced<AccountId>:
+	super::Balanced<AccountId>
+	+ Unbalanced<AccountId>
+	+ DoneSlash<Self::Reason, AccountId, Self::Balance>
+{
 	/// Reduce the balance of some funds on hold in an account.
 	///
 	/// The resulting imbalance is the first item of the tuple returned.
@@ -449,6 +453,16 @@ pub trait Balanced<AccountId>: super::Balanced<AccountId> + Unbalanced<AccountId
 		Self::done_slash(reason, who, decrease);
 		(credit, amount.saturating_sub(decrease))
 	}
+}
 
-	fn done_slash(_reason: &Self::Reason, _who: &AccountId, _amount: Self::Balance) {}
+/// Trait for optional bookkeeping callbacks after a slash.
+pub trait DoneSlash<Reason, AccountId, Balance> {
+	fn done_slash(_reason: &Reason, _who: &AccountId, _amount: Balance) {}
+}
+
+#[impl_trait_for_tuples::impl_for_tuples(30)]
+impl<Reason, AccountId, Balance: Copy> DoneSlash<Reason, AccountId, Balance> for Tuple {
+	fn done_slash(reason: &Reason, who: &AccountId, amount: Balance) {
+		for_tuples!( #( Tuple::done_slash(reason, who, amount); )* );
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/item_of.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/item_of.rs
index c9f366911a8b62932ffbbb757d13e72a31b3c718..309288d8278fd0bfe121aab10c8d958b4229a60c 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/item_of.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/item_of.rs
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ use crate::traits::{
 		WithdrawConsequence,
 	},
 };
+use frame_support::traits::fungible::hold::DoneSlash;
 use sp_core::Get;
 use sp_runtime::{DispatchError, DispatchResult};
 
@@ -467,5 +468,21 @@ impl<
 	}
 }
 
+impl<
+		F: fungibles::BalancedHold<AccountId>,
+		A: Get<<F as fungibles::Inspect<AccountId>>::AssetId>,
+		AccountId,
+	> DoneSlash<F::Reason, AccountId, F::Balance> for ItemOf<F, A, AccountId>
+{
+	fn done_slash(reason: &F::Reason, who: &AccountId, amount: F::Balance) {
+		<F as fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<F::AssetId, F::Reason, AccountId, F::Balance>>::done_slash(
+			A::get(),
+			reason,
+			who,
+			amount,
+		)
+	}
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/union_of.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/union_of.rs
index 3adbbdda31431ee1f7b8e7646825bee1964131f7..5cb1d0a9e7b0758504ad92a0a6698ad1f652e078 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/union_of.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/union_of.rs
@@ -844,8 +844,10 @@ impl<
 }
 
 impl<
-		Left: fungible::BalancedHold<AccountId>,
-		Right: fungibles::BalancedHold<AccountId, Balance = Left::Balance, Reason = Left::Reason>,
+		Left: fungible::BalancedHold<AccountId>
+			+ fungible::hold::DoneSlash<Self::Reason, AccountId, Self::Balance>,
+		Right: fungibles::BalancedHold<AccountId, Balance = Left::Balance, Reason = Left::Reason>
+			+ fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<AssetKind, Left::Reason, AccountId, Left::Balance>,
 		Criterion: Convert<AssetKind, Either<(), Right::AssetId>>,
 		AssetKind: AssetId,
 		AccountId,
@@ -871,6 +873,29 @@ impl<
 		}
 	}
 }
+impl<
+		Reason,
+		Balance,
+		Left: fungible::hold::DoneSlash<Reason, AccountId, Balance>,
+		Right: fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<Right::AssetId, Reason, AccountId, Balance>
+			+ fungibles::Inspect<AccountId>,
+		Criterion: Convert<AssetKind, Either<(), Right::AssetId>>,
+		AssetKind: AssetId,
+		AccountId,
+	> fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<AssetKind, Reason, AccountId, Balance>
+	for UnionOf<Left, Right, Criterion, AssetKind, AccountId>
+{
+	fn done_slash(asset: AssetKind, reason: &Reason, who: &AccountId, amount: Balance) {
+		match Criterion::convert(asset.clone()) {
+			Left(()) => {
+				Left::done_slash(reason, who, amount);
+			},
+			Right(a) => {
+				Right::done_slash(a, reason, who, amount);
+			},
+		}
+	}
+}
 
 impl<
 		Left: fungible::Inspect<AccountId>,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungibles/hold.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungibles/hold.rs
index ef3fef7a300d96b5c741983fd0b19297b44f541c..026bfc872e0c4fc0ed399bf13afe7269817f0e2b 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungibles/hold.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungibles/hold.rs
@@ -214,7 +214,11 @@ pub trait Unbalanced<AccountId>: Inspect<AccountId> {
 }
 
 /// Trait for slashing a fungible asset which can be place on hold.
-pub trait Balanced<AccountId>: super::Balanced<AccountId> + Unbalanced<AccountId> {
+pub trait Balanced<AccountId>:
+	super::Balanced<AccountId>
+	+ Unbalanced<AccountId>
+	+ DoneSlash<Self::AssetId, Self::Reason, AccountId, Self::Balance>
+{
 	/// Reduce the balance of some funds on hold in an account.
 	///
 	/// The resulting imbalance is the first item of the tuple returned.
@@ -238,13 +242,19 @@ pub trait Balanced<AccountId>: super::Balanced<AccountId> + Unbalanced<AccountId
 		Self::done_slash(asset, reason, who, decrease);
 		(credit, amount.saturating_sub(decrease))
 	}
+}
 
-	fn done_slash(
-		_asset: Self::AssetId,
-		_reason: &Self::Reason,
-		_who: &AccountId,
-		_amount: Self::Balance,
-	) {
+/// Trait for optional bookkeeping callbacks after a slash
+pub trait DoneSlash<AssetId, Reason, AccountId, Balance> {
+	fn done_slash(_asset: AssetId, _reason: &Reason, _who: &AccountId, _amount: Balance) {}
+}
+
+#[impl_trait_for_tuples::impl_for_tuples(30)]
+impl<AssetId: Copy, Reason, AccountId, Balance: Copy> DoneSlash<AssetId, Reason, AccountId, Balance>
+	for Tuple
+{
+	fn done_slash(asset_id: AssetId, reason: &Reason, who: &AccountId, amount: Balance) {
+		for_tuples!( #( Tuple::done_slash(asset_id, reason, who, amount); )* );
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungibles/union_of.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungibles/union_of.rs
index 77047150e00cee0481eaf555e001bfe1a73be431..ec066dddcfac801ba2dd0757c94783e3c6e8b2c3 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungibles/union_of.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungibles/union_of.rs
@@ -825,8 +825,10 @@ impl<
 }
 
 impl<
-		Left: fungibles::BalancedHold<AccountId>,
-		Right: fungibles::BalancedHold<AccountId, Balance = Left::Balance, Reason = Left::Reason>,
+		Left: fungibles::BalancedHold<AccountId>
+			+ fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<Self::AssetId, Self::Reason, AccountId, Self::Balance>,
+		Right: fungibles::BalancedHold<AccountId, Balance = Left::Balance, Reason = Left::Reason>
+			+ fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<Self::AssetId, Self::Reason, AccountId, Self::Balance>,
 		Criterion: Convert<AssetKind, Either<Left::AssetId, Right::AssetId>>,
 		AssetKind: AssetId,
 		AccountId,
@@ -853,6 +855,31 @@ impl<
 	}
 }
 
+impl<
+		Reason,
+		Balance,
+		Left: fungibles::Inspect<AccountId>
+			+ fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<Left::AssetId, Reason, AccountId, Balance>,
+		Right: fungibles::Inspect<AccountId>
+			+ fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<Right::AssetId, Reason, AccountId, Balance>,
+		Criterion: Convert<AssetKind, Either<Left::AssetId, Right::AssetId>>,
+		AssetKind: AssetId,
+		AccountId,
+	> fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<AssetKind, Reason, AccountId, Balance>
+	for UnionOf<Left, Right, Criterion, AssetKind, AccountId>
+{
+	fn done_slash(asset: AssetKind, reason: &Reason, who: &AccountId, amount: Balance) {
+		match Criterion::convert(asset.clone()) {
+			Left(a) => {
+				Left::done_slash(a, reason, who, amount);
+			},
+			Right(a) => {
+				Right::done_slash(a, reason, who, amount);
+			},
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 impl<
 		Left: fungibles::Inspect<AccountId> + fungibles::Create<AccountId>,
 		Right: fungibles::Inspect<AccountId, Balance = Left::Balance> + fungibles::Create<AccountId>,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/try_runtime/decode_entire_state.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/try_runtime/decode_entire_state.rs
index 8dbeecd8e860eeaaacbaf4edb5a6f098e9d19d39..a7465c87fb27fdc8be5681780f469a30abc97346 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/try_runtime/decode_entire_state.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/try_runtime/decode_entire_state.rs
@@ -197,7 +197,8 @@ impl<Prefix, Hasher, Key, Value, QueryKind, OnEmpty, MaxValues> TryDecodeEntireS
 		QueryKind,
 		OnEmpty,
 		MaxValues,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	Prefix: CountedStorageMapInstance,
 	Hasher: StorageHasher,
 	Key: FullCodec,
@@ -229,7 +230,8 @@ impl<Prefix, Hasher1, Key1, Hasher2, Key2, Value, QueryKind, OnEmpty, MaxValues>
 		QueryKind,
 		OnEmpty,
 		MaxValues,
-	> where
+	>
+where
 	Prefix: StorageInstance,
 	Hasher1: StorageHasher,
 	Key1: FullCodec,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/try_runtime/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/try_runtime/mod.rs
index 09c33c01440677e14eacbd92063f7ffafb267c71..284ba3d7422da26122da07a135f20abee18b8382 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/try_runtime/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/try_runtime/mod.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use sp_arithmetic::traits::AtLeast32BitUnsigned;
 use sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError;
 
 /// Which state tests to execute.
-#[derive(codec::Encode, codec::Decode, Clone, scale_info::TypeInfo)]
+#[derive(codec::Encode, codec::Decode, Clone, scale_info::TypeInfo, PartialEq)]
 pub enum Select {
 	/// None of them.
 	None,
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl std::str::FromStr for Select {
 }
 
 /// Select which checks should be run when trying a runtime upgrade upgrade.
-#[derive(codec::Encode, codec::Decode, Clone, Debug, Copy, scale_info::TypeInfo)]
+#[derive(codec::Encode, codec::Decode, Clone, Debug, Copy, scale_info::TypeInfo, PartialEq)]
 pub enum UpgradeCheckSelect {
 	/// Run no checks.
 	None,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/benchmark_ui/bad_return_type_blank_with_question.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/benchmark_ui/bad_return_type_blank_with_question.stderr
index 7e0a02be649b4755edac171619b4808b739844a4..04203e4b684b259c75fe3a61165447efc88d5af3 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/benchmark_ui/bad_return_type_blank_with_question.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/benchmark_ui/bad_return_type_blank_with_question.stderr
@@ -8,3 +8,7 @@ error[E0277]: the `?` operator can only be used in a function that returns `Resu
    |                    ^ cannot use the `?` operator in a function that returns `()`
    |
    = help: the trait `FromResidual<Result<Infallible, frame_benchmarking::BenchmarkError>>` is not implemented for `()`
+help: consider adding return type
+   |
+31 |     fn bench() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+   |                +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.stderr
index b28cae2ddefab062666fc6ba1334deb2b02ce9a8..55b19ac1a652691ee609aa127a399958b329c0fb 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.stderr
@@ -53,7 +53,15 @@ note: required by a bound in `frame_system::Event`
    |                       ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `Event`
    = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEvent`
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 | construct_runtime! {
+   | ^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
+   |
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` which comes from the expansion of the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `RawOrigin<_>: TryFrom<OriginCaller>` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -63,9 +71,12 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEven
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ within `RuntimeEvent`, the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeEvent: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `TryFrom<OriginCaller>` is not implemented for `RawOrigin<_>`
    |
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
+   = help: the trait `TryFrom<OriginCaller>` is implemented for `RawOrigin<<Runtime as Config>::AccountId>`
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -75,15 +86,25 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `Clone`
-  --> $RUST/core/src/clone.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `Pallet<Runtime>: Callable<Runtime>`
+   |
+   = help: the trait `Callable<T>` is implemented for `Pallet<T>`
+   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:26:3
+   |
+26 |         System: frame_system::{Pallet, Call, Storage, Config<T>, Event<T>},
+   |         ^^^^^^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-   | pub trait Clone: Sized {
-   |                  ^^^^^ required by this bound in `Clone`
-   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Clone` which comes from the expansion of the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+note: required by a bound in `GenesisConfig`
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub struct GenesisConfig<T: Config> {
+   |                                 ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `GenesisConfig`
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEvent`
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -93,9 +114,16 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEven
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ within `RuntimeEvent`, the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeEvent: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
+   |
+note: required by a bound in `frame_system::Event`
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
    |
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
+   |     pub enum Event<T: Config> {
+   |                       ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `Event`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Clone` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `&frame_system::Event<Runtime>`
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -106,14 +134,21 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
    | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `EncodeLike`
-  --> $CARGO/parity-scale-codec-3.6.12/src/encode_like.rs
    |
-   | pub trait EncodeLike<T: Encode = Self>: Sized + Encode {}
-   |                                         ^^^^^ required by this bound in `EncodeLike`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+note: an implementation of `Config` might be missing for `Runtime`
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 | / construct_runtime! {
+21 | |     pub struct Runtime where
+   | |______________________^ must implement `Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `PartialEq` which comes from the expansion of the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEvent`
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -123,9 +158,16 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEven
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ within `RuntimeEvent`, the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeEvent: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
+   |
+note: required by a bound in `frame_system::Event`
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
    |
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
+   |     pub enum Event<T: Config> {
+   |                       ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `Event`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Eq` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `frame_system::Event<Runtime>: Encode` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -135,15 +177,12 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `Decode`
-  --> $CARGO/parity-scale-codec-3.6.12/src/codec.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Encode` is not implemented for `frame_system::Event<Runtime>`
    |
-   | pub trait Decode: Sized {
-   |                   ^^^^^ required by this bound in `Decode`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = help: the trait `Encode` is implemented for `frame_system::Event<T>`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::codec::Encode` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `frame_system::Event<Runtime>`
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -153,21 +192,16 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `frame_syste
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ within `frame_system::Event<Runtime>`, the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `frame_system::Event<Runtime>: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-note: required because it appears within the type `frame_system::Event<Runtime>`
+note: required by a bound in `frame_system::Event`
   --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
    |
    |     pub enum Event<T: Config> {
-   |              ^^^^^
-note: required by a bound in `From`
-  --> $RUST/core/src/convert/mod.rs
-   |
-   | pub trait From<T>: Sized {
-   |                ^ required by this bound in `From`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   |                       ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `Event`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::codec::Encode` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `frame_system::Event<Runtime>`
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `frame_system::Event<Runtime>: Decode` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -177,29 +211,40 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `frame_syste
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ within `frame_system::Event<Runtime>`, the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `frame_system::Event<Runtime>: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Decode` is not implemented for `frame_system::Event<Runtime>`
+   |
+   = help: the trait `Decode` is implemented for `frame_system::Event<T>`
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:26:11
+   |
+26 |         System: frame_system::{Pallet, Call, Storage, Config<T>, Event<T>},
+   |                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-note: required because it appears within the type `frame_system::Event<Runtime>`
+note: required by a bound in `frame_system::Event`
   --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
    |
    |     pub enum Event<T: Config> {
-   |              ^^^^^
-note: required by a bound in `TryInto`
-  --> $RUST/core/src/convert/mod.rs
-   |
-   | pub trait TryInto<T>: Sized {
-   |                   ^ required by this bound in `TryInto`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   |                       ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `Event`
 
 error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
-20 | construct_runtime! {
-   | ^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
+20 | / construct_runtime! {
+21 | |     pub struct Runtime where
+22 | |         Block = Block,
+23 | |         NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |     }
+28 | | }
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `frame_system::Event<Runtime>: std::fmt::Debug`
    |
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` which comes from the expansion of the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = help: the trait `std::fmt::Debug` is implemented for `frame_system::Event<T>`
+   = note: required for `frame_system::Event<Runtime>` to implement `std::fmt::Debug`
+   = note: required for the cast from `&frame_system::Event<Runtime>` to `&dyn std::fmt::Debug`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::RuntimeDebug` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `RawOrigin<_>: TryFrom<OriginCaller>` is not satisfied
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -209,10 +254,12 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `RawOrigin<_>: TryFrom<OriginCaller>` is not satis
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ the trait `TryFrom<OriginCaller>` is not implemented for `RawOrigin<_>`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `frame_system::Error<Runtime>: std::fmt::Debug`
    |
-   = help: the trait `TryFrom<OriginCaller>` is implemented for `RawOrigin<<Runtime as Config>::AccountId>`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = help: the trait `std::fmt::Debug` is implemented for `frame_system::Error<T>`
+   = note: required for `frame_system::Error<Runtime>` to implement `std::fmt::Debug`
+   = note: required for the cast from `&frame_system::Error<Runtime>` to `&dyn std::fmt::Debug`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::RuntimeDebug` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
 error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
@@ -224,11 +271,15 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `Pallet<Runtime>: Callable<Runtime>`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-   = help: the trait `Callable<T>` is implemented for `Pallet<T>`
-   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Clone` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:21:13
+   |
+21 |     pub struct Runtime where
+   |                ^^^^^^^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
 
 error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
@@ -240,10 +291,12 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeCall: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RawOrigin<_>: Into<_>`
    |
-   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
+   = note: required for `RawOrigin<_>` to implement `Into<RuntimeOrigin>`
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -253,13 +306,9 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `Clone`
-  --> $RUST/core/src/clone.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-   | pub trait Clone: Sized {
-   |                  ^^^^^ required by this bound in `Clone`
-   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Clone` which comes from the expansion of the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `PartialEq` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
 error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
@@ -271,10 +320,17 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeCall: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::RuntimeDebug` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:26:11
+   |
+26 |         System: frame_system::{Pallet, Call, Storage, Config<T>, Event<T>},
+   |                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -284,12 +340,10 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `EncodeLike`
-  --> $CARGO/parity-scale-codec-3.6.12/src/encode_like.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `Pallet<Runtime>: PalletInfoAccess`
    |
-   | pub trait EncodeLike<T: Encode = Self>: Sized + Encode {}
-   |                                         ^^^^^ required by this bound in `EncodeLike`
+   = help: the trait `PalletInfoAccess` is implemented for `Pallet<T>`
+   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `PalletInfoAccess`
    = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
 error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
@@ -302,10 +356,13 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeCall: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `Pallet<Runtime>: Callable<Runtime>`
    |
+   = help: the trait `Callable<T>` is implemented for `Pallet<T>`
    = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Clone` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -315,15 +372,13 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `Decode`
-  --> $CARGO/parity-scale-codec-3.6.12/src/codec.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `Pallet<Runtime>: Callable<Runtime>`
    |
-   | pub trait Decode: Sized {
-   |                   ^^^^^ required by this bound in `Decode`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = help: the trait `Callable<T>` is implemented for `Pallet<T>`
+   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `PartialEq` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
+error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `&frame_system::Call<Runtime>`
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -333,10 +388,22 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeCall: Sized`
+   | |_^
    |
-   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
+note: an implementation of `Config` might be missing for `Runtime`
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 | / construct_runtime! {
+21 | |     pub struct Runtime where
+   | |______________________^ must implement `Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `PartialEq` which comes from the expansion of the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `frame_system::Call<Runtime>: Encode` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -346,27 +413,31 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `frame_support::sp_runtime::traits::Dispatchable::Config`
-  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/traits.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Encode` is not implemented for `frame_system::Call<Runtime>`
    |
-   |     type Config;
-   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^ required by this bound in `Dispatchable::Config`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = help: the trait `Encode` is implemented for `frame_system::Call<T>`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::codec::Encode` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
 error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
-  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:26:3
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
-26 |         System: frame_system::{Pallet, Call, Storage, Config<T>, Event<T>},
-   |         ^^^^^^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
+20 | / construct_runtime! {
+21 | |     pub struct Runtime where
+22 | |         Block = Block,
+23 | |         NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |     }
+28 | | }
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-note: required by a bound in `GenesisConfig`
+note: required by a bound in `frame_system::Call`
   --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
    |
-   |     pub struct GenesisConfig<T: Config> {
-   |                                 ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `GenesisConfig`
+   |     #[pallet::call]
+   |               ^^^^ required by this bound in `Call`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::codec::Encode` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `frame_system::Call<Runtime>: Decode` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -376,10 +447,12 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeCall: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Decode` is not implemented for `frame_system::Call<Runtime>`
    |
-   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
+   = help: the trait `Decode` is implemented for `frame_system::Call<T>`
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -389,15 +462,281 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `frame_support::pallet_prelude::ValidateUnsigned::Call`
-  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/traits.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `Pallet<Runtime>: Callable<Runtime>`
+   |
+   = help: the trait `Callable<T>` is implemented for `Pallet<T>`
+   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::RuntimeDebug` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the method `get_dispatch_info` exists for reference `&Call<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ method cannot be called on `&Call<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+  ::: $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |        #[pallet::call]
+   |                  ---- doesn't satisfy `frame_system::Call<Runtime>: GetDispatchInfo`
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+           which is required by `frame_system::Call<Runtime>: GetDispatchInfo`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the method `is_feeless` exists for reference `&Call<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ method cannot be called on `&Call<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
    |
-   |     type Call;
-   |     ^^^^^^^^^^ required by this bound in `ValidateUnsigned::Call`
+  ::: $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |        #[pallet::call]
+   |                  ---- doesn't satisfy `frame_system::Call<Runtime>: CheckIfFeeless`
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+           which is required by `frame_system::Call<Runtime>: CheckIfFeeless`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the method `get_call_name` exists for reference `&Call<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ method cannot be called on `&Call<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+  ::: $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |        #[pallet::call]
+   |                  ---- doesn't satisfy `frame_system::Call<Runtime>: GetCallName`
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+           which is required by `frame_system::Call<Runtime>: GetCallName`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the function or associated item `storage_metadata` exists for struct `Pallet<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ function or associated item cannot be called on `Pallet<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEvent`
+error[E0599]: the function or associated item `call_functions` exists for struct `Pallet<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ function or associated item cannot be called on `Pallet<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the variant or associated item `event_metadata` exists for enum `Event<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ variant or associated item cannot be called on `Event<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the function or associated item `pallet_constants_metadata` exists for struct `Pallet<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ function or associated item cannot be called on `Pallet<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the function or associated item `error_metadata` exists for struct `Pallet<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ function or associated item cannot be called on `Pallet<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the function or associated item `pallet_documentation_metadata` exists for struct `Pallet<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ function or associated item cannot be called on `Pallet<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0599]: the function or associated item `pallet_associated_types_metadata` exists for struct `Pallet<Runtime>`, but its trait bounds were not satisfied
+  --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 |    construct_runtime! {
+   |  __^
+   | | _|
+   | ||
+21 | ||     pub struct Runtime where
+   | ||______________________- doesn't satisfy `Runtime: Config`
+22 | |          Block = Block,
+23 | |          NodeBlock = Block,
+...  |
+27 | |      }
+28 | |  }
+   | |__^ function or associated item cannot be called on `Pallet<Runtime>` due to unsatisfied trait bounds
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `Runtime: Config`
+note: the trait `Config` must be implemented
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub trait Config: 'static + Eq + Clone {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -407,9 +746,21 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEven
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ within `RuntimeEvent`, the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeEvent: Sized`
-   |
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `GenesisConfig<Runtime>: Serialize`
+   |
+   = help: the trait `Serialize` is implemented for `GenesisConfig<T>`
+   = note: required for `GenesisConfig<Runtime>` to implement `Serialize`
+note: required by a bound in `frame_support::sp_runtime::serde::ser::SerializeStruct::serialize_field`
+  --> $CARGO/serde-1.0.210/src/ser/mod.rs
+   |
+   |     fn serialize_field<T>(&mut self, key: &'static str, value: &T) -> Result<(), Self::Error>
+   |        --------------- required by a bound in this associated function
+   |     where
+   |         T: ?Sized + Serialize;
+   |                     ^^^^^^^^^ required by this bound in `SerializeStruct::serialize_field`
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -419,15 +770,16 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `Result`
-  --> $RUST/core/src/result.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-   | pub enum Result<T, E> {
-   |                 ^ required by this bound in `Result`
-   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::codec::Decode` which comes from the expansion of the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+note: required by a bound in `GenesisConfig`
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub struct GenesisConfig<T: Config> {
+   |                                 ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `GenesisConfig`
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEvent`
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -437,9 +789,16 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied in `RuntimeEven
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ within `RuntimeEvent`, the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeEvent: Sized`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`
    |
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
+note: required by a bound in `GenesisConfig`
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+   |
+   |     pub struct GenesisConfig<T: Config> {
+   |                                 ^^^^^^ required by this bound in `GenesisConfig`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::serde::Deserialize` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -449,13 +808,11 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeEvent`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `TryInto`
-  --> $RUST/core/src/convert/mod.rs
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `GenesisConfig<Runtime>: std::default::Default`
    |
-   | pub trait TryInto<T>: Sized {
-   |                       ^^^^^ required by this bound in `TryInto`
-   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = help: the trait `std::default::Default` is implemented for `GenesisConfig<T>`
+   = note: required for `GenesisConfig<Runtime>` to implement `std::default::Default`
+   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Default` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
 error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
@@ -467,10 +824,24 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Runtime: Config` is not satisfied
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `RuntimeCall: Sized`
-   |
-   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `Callable<Runtime>`
-note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
+   | |_^ the trait `Config` is not implemented for `Runtime`, which is required by `(Pallet<Runtime>,): OnGenesis`
+   |
+   = help: the following other types implement trait `OnGenesis`:
+             ()
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6, TupleElement7)
+           and $N others
+   = note: required for `Pallet<Runtime>` to implement `OnGenesis`
+   = note: 1 redundant requirement hidden
+   = note: required for `(Pallet<Runtime>,)` to implement `OnGenesis`
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error[E0282]: type annotations needed
   --> tests/construct_runtime_ui/deprecated_where_block.rs:20:1
    |
 20 | / construct_runtime! {
@@ -480,10 +851,8 @@ note: required because it appears within the type `RuntimeCall`
 ...  |
 27 | |     }
 28 | | }
-   | |_^
-note: required by a bound in `Result`
-  --> $RUST/core/src/result.rs
+   | |_^ cannot infer type
    |
-   | pub enum Result<T, E> {
-   |                 ^ required by this bound in `Result`
-   = note: this error originates in the derive macro `self::sp_api_hidden_includes_construct_runtime::hidden_include::__private::codec::Decode` which comes from the expansion of the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+   = note: this error originates in the macro `frame_support::construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error: internal compiler error: compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/normalize_erasing_regions.rs:168:90: Failed to normalize std::rc::Rc<std::boxed::Box<dyn [Binder { value: Trait(std::ops::Fn<(&<Runtime as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeCall,)>), bound_vars: [Region(BrAnon)] }, Binder { value: Projection(Output = bool), bound_vars: [Region(BrAnon)] }] + '{erased}, std::alloc::Global>, std::alloc::Global>, maybe try to call `try_normalize_erasing_regions` instead
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_event_part.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_event_part.stderr
index 0f7afb2b9901eb683d690c07495864570572a104..c50cba71d4e7dbf6a458ddc5a88bdc784a0acd7f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_event_part.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_event_part.stderr
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ error[E0412]: cannot find type `Event` in module `pallet`
    | |_^ not found in `pallet`
    |
    = note: this error originates in the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
-help: consider importing one of these items
+help: consider importing one of these enums
    |
 18 + use frame_support_test::Event;
    |
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ error[E0433]: failed to resolve: could not find `Event` in `pallet`
    | |_^ could not find `Event` in `pallet`
    |
    = note: this error originates in the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
-help: consider importing one of these items
+help: consider importing one of these enums
    |
 18 + use frame_support_test::Event;
    |
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_genesis_config_part.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_genesis_config_part.stderr
index 10093b26f5a8d2908f74f9a5f5b5c9cf3e71efa9..2aa794edc3c937452e5a12dc6695ab7748a884d3 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_genesis_config_part.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_genesis_config_part.stderr
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ error[E0412]: cannot find type `GenesisConfig` in module `pallet`
    | |_^ not found in `pallet`
    |
    = note: this error originates in the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
-help: consider importing one of these items
+help: consider importing one of these structs
    |
 18 + use frame_system::GenesisConfig;
    |
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_inherent_part.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_inherent_part.stderr
index 30005c07cb631dd48425117507006faa870866cd..d8dc7bd45bc66bb097373a441a5d1f0a4f9da1d9 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_inherent_part.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_inherent_part.stderr
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ error[E0599]: no function or associated item named `is_inherent` found for struc
    |
    = help: items from traits can only be used if the trait is implemented and in scope
    = note: the following traits define an item `is_inherent`, perhaps you need to implement one of them:
-           candidate #1: `ProvideInherent`
-           candidate #2: `IsInherent`
+           candidate #1: `IsInherent`
+           candidate #2: `ProvideInherent`
    = note: this error originates in the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
 
 error[E0599]: no function or associated item named `check_inherent` found for struct `pallet::Pallet` in the current scope
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_origin_part.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_origin_part.stderr
index d0f4b44ab0d57eb4dc8cee10816c7158c0232bca..58c42311b87b5cbd7a33995c2f76c39d5b51833a 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_origin_part.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/construct_runtime_ui/undefined_origin_part.stderr
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ error[E0412]: cannot find type `Origin` in module `pallet`
    | |_^ not found in `pallet`
    |
    = note: this error originates in the macro `construct_runtime` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
-help: consider importing one of these items
+help: consider importing one of these type aliases
    |
 18 + use frame_support_test::Origin;
    |
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_impl.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_impl.rs
index 675e85f4bfce5388ae0bf790a2355bff242cd477..3514593c8568d38f84d6cecc9f8f7b81574d4841 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_impl.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_impl.rs
@@ -25,15 +25,9 @@ struct SomeRectangle {}
 
 #[frame_support::register_default_impl(SomeRectangle)]
 impl Shape for SomeRectangle {
-	#[cfg(not(feature = "feature-frame-testing"))]
 	fn area(&self) -> u32 {
 		10
 	}
-
-	#[cfg(feature = "feature-frame-testing")]
-	fn area(&self) -> u32 {
-		0
-	}
 }
 
 struct SomeSquare {}
@@ -44,9 +38,5 @@ impl Shape for SomeSquare {}
 #[test]
 fn test_feature_parsing() {
 	let square = SomeSquare {};
-	#[cfg(not(feature = "feature-frame-testing"))]
 	assert_eq!(square.area(), 10);
-
-	#[cfg(feature = "feature-frame-testing")]
-	assert_eq!(square.area(), 0);
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_no_bound.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_no_bound.rs
index b191470780514617f23231c6a310ab570948a846..6fc4ea12c5131904ab03e9127f0eec93ba595b9b 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_no_bound.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_no_bound.rs
@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ fn test_struct_unnamed() {
 	PartialOrdNoBound,
 	OrdNoBound,
 )]
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 struct StructNoGenerics {
 	field1: u32,
 	field2: u64,
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_no_bound_ui/ord.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_no_bound_ui/ord.stderr
index db8a507960770dcfeb8d5768ebf5b9ed6cc3da12..8bf82bff78093fac049b31ff9b2c126e8a3f7806 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_no_bound_ui/ord.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/derive_no_bound_ui/ord.stderr
@@ -23,3 +23,13 @@ note: required by a bound in `std::cmp::Eq`
    |
    | pub trait Eq: PartialEq<Self> {
    |               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ required by this bound in `Eq`
+
+error[E0599]: `<T as Config>::C` is not an iterator
+  --> tests/derive_no_bound_ui/ord.rs:24:2
+   |
+24 |     c: T::C,
+   |     ^ `<T as Config>::C` is not an iterator
+   |
+   = note: the following trait bounds were not satisfied:
+           `<T as Config>::C: Iterator`
+           which is required by `&mut <T as Config>::C: Iterator`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet.rs
index 7f1ce0556eabd56c33f0146ffffe6ea4cfaba991..3d6aa1d83749e447269fd97e54a6215ca9409b95 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet.rs
@@ -2431,9 +2431,10 @@ fn post_runtime_upgrade_detects_storage_version_issues() {
 		// any storage version "enabled".
 		assert!(
 			ExecutiveWithUpgradePallet4::try_runtime_upgrade(UpgradeCheckSelect::PreAndPost)
-				.unwrap_err() == "On chain storage version set, while the pallet \
+				.unwrap_err() ==
+				"On chain storage version set, while the pallet \
 				doesn't have the `#[pallet::storage_version(VERSION)]` attribute."
-				.into()
+					.into()
 		);
 	});
 }
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_associated_types_metadata.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_associated_types_metadata.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a2b916f54c5ed82cb53632922f1661050334cef1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_associated_types_metadata.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use frame_support::{derive_impl, traits::ConstU32};
+use scale_info::meta_type;
+use sp_metadata_ir::PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR;
+
+pub type BlockNumber = u64;
+pub type Header = sp_runtime::generic::Header<u32, sp_runtime::traits::BlakeTwo256>;
+pub type Block = sp_runtime::generic::Block<Header, UncheckedExtrinsic>;
+pub type UncheckedExtrinsic = sp_runtime::generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<u32, RuntimeCall, (), ()>;
+
+/// Pallet without collectable associated types.
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+pub mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+
+	#[pallet::config]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		// Runtime events already propagated to the metadata.
+		type RuntimeEvent: From<Event<Self>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent>;
+
+		// Constants are already propagated.
+		#[pallet::constant]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<u32>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::event]
+	pub enum Event<T: Config> {
+		TestEvent,
+	}
+}
+
+/// Pallet with default collectable associated types.
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+pub mod pallet2 {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+
+	#[pallet::config]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		// Runtime events already propagated to the metadata.
+		type RuntimeEvent: From<Event<Self>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent>;
+
+		// Constants are already propagated.
+		#[pallet::constant]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<u32>;
+
+		// Associated type included by default, because it requires TypeInfo bound.
+		/// Nonce doc.
+		type Nonce: TypeInfo;
+
+		// Associated type included by default, because it requires
+		// Parameter bound (indirect TypeInfo).
+		type AccountData: Parameter;
+
+		// Associated type without metadata bounds, not included.
+		type NotIncluded: From<u8>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::event]
+	pub enum Event<T: Config> {
+		TestEvent,
+	}
+}
+
+/// Pallet with implicit collectable associated types.
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+pub mod pallet3 {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+
+	// Associated types are not collected by default.
+	#[pallet::config(without_automatic_metadata)]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		// Runtime events already propagated to the metadata.
+		type RuntimeEvent: From<Event<Self>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent>;
+
+		// Constants are already propagated.
+		#[pallet::constant]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<u32>;
+
+		// Explicitly include associated types.
+		#[pallet::include_metadata]
+		type Nonce: TypeInfo;
+
+		type AccountData: Parameter;
+
+		type NotIncluded: From<u8>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::event]
+	pub enum Event<T: Config> {
+		TestEvent,
+	}
+}
+
+impl pallet::Config for Runtime {
+	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
+	type MyGetParam2 = ConstU32<10>;
+}
+
+impl pallet2::Config for Runtime {
+	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
+	type MyGetParam2 = ConstU32<10>;
+	type Nonce = u64;
+	type AccountData = u16;
+	type NotIncluded = u8;
+}
+
+impl pallet3::Config for Runtime {
+	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
+	type MyGetParam2 = ConstU32<10>;
+	type Nonce = u64;
+	type AccountData = u16;
+	type NotIncluded = u8;
+}
+
+#[derive_impl(frame_system::config_preludes::TestDefaultConfig)]
+impl frame_system::Config for Runtime {
+	type BlockWeights = ();
+	type BlockLength = ();
+	type DbWeight = ();
+	type BaseCallFilter = frame_support::traits::Everything;
+	type RuntimeOrigin = RuntimeOrigin;
+	type Nonce = u64;
+	type RuntimeCall = RuntimeCall;
+	type Hash = sp_runtime::testing::H256;
+	type Hashing = sp_runtime::traits::BlakeTwo256;
+	type AccountId = u64;
+	type Lookup = sp_runtime::traits::IdentityLookup<Self::AccountId>;
+	type Block = Block;
+	type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
+	type Version = ();
+	type PalletInfo = PalletInfo;
+	type AccountData = ();
+	type OnNewAccount = ();
+	type OnKilledAccount = ();
+	type SystemWeightInfo = ();
+	type SS58Prefix = ();
+	type OnSetCode = ();
+	type MaxConsumers = ConstU32<16>;
+}
+
+frame_support::construct_runtime!(
+	pub enum Runtime
+	{
+		System: frame_system,
+		Example: pallet,
+		DefaultInclusion: pallet2,
+		ExplicitInclusion: pallet3,
+	}
+);
+
+#[test]
+fn associated_types_metadata() {
+	fn maybe_docs(doc: Vec<&'static str>) -> Vec<&'static str> {
+		if cfg!(feature = "no-metadata-docs") {
+			vec![]
+		} else {
+			doc
+		}
+	}
+
+	let ir = Runtime::metadata_ir();
+
+	// No associated types to collect.
+	let pallet = ir.pallets.iter().find(|pallet| pallet.name == "Example").unwrap();
+	pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(pallet.associated_types, vec![]);
+
+	// Collect by default types that implement TypeInfo or Parameter.
+	let pallet = ir.pallets.iter().find(|pallet| pallet.name == "DefaultInclusion").unwrap();
+	pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(
+		pallet.associated_types,
+		vec![
+			PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+				name: "Nonce",
+				ty: meta_type::<u64>(),
+				docs: maybe_docs(vec![" Nonce doc."]),
+			},
+			PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+				name: "AccountData",
+				ty: meta_type::<u16>(),
+				docs: vec![],
+			}
+		]
+	);
+
+	// Explicitly include associated types.
+	let pallet = ir.pallets.iter().find(|pallet| pallet.name == "ExplicitInclusion").unwrap();
+	pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(
+		pallet.associated_types,
+		vec![PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+			name: "Nonce",
+			ty: meta_type::<u64>(),
+			docs: vec![],
+		}]
+	);
+
+	// Check system pallet.
+	let pallet = ir.pallets.iter().find(|pallet| pallet.name == "System").unwrap();
+	pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(
+		pallet.associated_types,
+		vec![
+			PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+				name: "RuntimeCall",
+				ty: meta_type::<RuntimeCall>(),
+				docs: maybe_docs(vec![" The aggregated `RuntimeCall` type."]),
+			},
+			PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+				name: "Nonce",
+				ty: meta_type::<u64>(),
+				docs: maybe_docs(vec![" This stores the number of previous transactions associated with a sender account."]),
+			},
+			PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+				name: "Hash",
+				ty: meta_type::<sp_runtime::testing::H256>(),
+				docs: maybe_docs(vec![" The output of the `Hashing` function."]),
+			},
+            PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+				name: "Hashing",
+				ty: meta_type::<sp_runtime::traits::BlakeTwo256>(),
+				docs: maybe_docs(vec![" The hashing system (algorithm) being used in the runtime (e.g. Blake2)."]),
+			},
+            PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+                name: "AccountId",
+                ty: meta_type::<u64>(),
+                docs: maybe_docs(vec![" The user account identifier type for the runtime."]),
+            },
+            PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+                name: "Block",
+                ty: meta_type::<Block>(),
+                docs: maybe_docs(vec![
+                    " The Block type used by the runtime. This is used by `construct_runtime` to retrieve the",
+                    " extrinsics or other block specific data as needed.",
+                ]),
+            },
+            PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+                name: "AccountData",
+                ty: meta_type::<()>(),
+                docs: maybe_docs(vec![
+                    " Data to be associated with an account (other than nonce/transaction counter, which this",
+                    " pallet does regardless).",
+                ]),
+            },
+		]
+	);
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound.stderr
index 2a4ceecd8fa4b361241378e2fa6b71fa5b2ffda1..1f91f7740238622275f09f803ccea748d260b966 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound.stderr
@@ -33,3 +33,12 @@ error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `&<T as pallet::Co
    |
 38 |         pub fn foo(origin: OriginFor<T>, _bar: T::Bar) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
    |                                          ^^^^
+
+error: unused variable: `origin`
+  --> tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound.rs:38:14
+   |
+38 |         pub fn foo(origin: OriginFor<T>, _bar: T::Bar) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
+   |                    ^^^^^^ help: if this is intentional, prefix it with an underscore: `_origin`
+   |
+   = note: `-D unused-variables` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: to override `-D warnings` add `#[allow(unused_variables)]`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_2.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_2.stderr
index fc993e9ff68f522d5bd29609ffadb22e06b4f20b..4657c0a0c601f96709cee2ace0c45c7cdf436bef 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_2.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_2.stderr
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `&<T as pallet::Co
 38 |         pub fn foo(origin: OriginFor<T>, _bar: T::Bar) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
    |                                          ^^^^
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar: WrapperTypeEncode` is not satisfied
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar: Encode` is not satisfied
   --> tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_2.rs:38:36
    |
 18 | #[frame_support::pallet]
@@ -45,10 +45,19 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar: WrapperTypeEncode` is
    |
    = note: required for `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar` to implement `Encode`
 
-error[E0277]: the trait bound `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar: WrapperTypeDecode` is not satisfied
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar: Decode` is not satisfied
   --> tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_2.rs:38:42
    |
 38 |         pub fn foo(origin: OriginFor<T>, _bar: T::Bar) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
    |                                                ^^^^^^ the trait `WrapperTypeDecode` is not implemented for `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar`, which is required by `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar: Decode`
    |
    = note: required for `<T as pallet::Config>::Bar` to implement `Decode`
+
+error: unused variable: `origin`
+  --> tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_2.rs:38:14
+   |
+38 |         pub fn foo(origin: OriginFor<T>, _bar: T::Bar) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
+   |                    ^^^^^^ help: if this is intentional, prefix it with an underscore: `_origin`
+   |
+   = note: `-D unused-variables` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: to override `-D warnings` add `#[allow(unused_variables)]`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_3.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_3.stderr
index d6486a490794d51caf6fa38b9e90d596447a5dfb..f829baeb4c112727b6eccc845494831833983b92 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_3.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_3.stderr
@@ -27,3 +27,12 @@ help: consider annotating `Bar` with `#[derive(Debug)]`
 34 +     #[derive(Debug)]
 35 |     struct Bar;
    |
+
+error: unused variable: `origin`
+  --> tests/pallet_ui/call_argument_invalid_bound_3.rs:40:14
+   |
+40 |         pub fn foo(origin: OriginFor<T>, _bar: Bar) -> DispatchResultWithPostInfo {
+   |                    ^^^^^^ help: if this is intentional, prefix it with an underscore: `_origin`
+   |
+   = note: `-D unused-variables` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: to override `-D warnings` add `#[allow(unused_variables)]`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/compare_unset_storage_version.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/compare_unset_storage_version.stderr
index 3256e69528a2d28527ccfe1fa4d77dadfc77baa1..8049c07648cadd8e86c5249f315deca243390bf3 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/compare_unset_storage_version.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/compare_unset_storage_version.stderr
@@ -5,3 +5,9 @@ error[E0369]: binary operation `!=` cannot be applied to type `NoStorageVersionS
    |                ------------------------------- ^^ -------------------------------- StorageVersion
    |                |
    |                NoStorageVersionSet
+   |
+note: the foreign item type `NoStorageVersionSet` doesn't implement `PartialEq<StorageVersion>`
+  --> $WORKSPACE/substrate/frame/support/src/traits/metadata.rs
+   |
+   | pub struct NoStorageVersionSet;
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not implement `PartialEq<StorageVersion>`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_duplicate_attr.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_duplicate_attr.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f58e11b0226175107846bf0e3e169d2803dcaaf1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_duplicate_attr.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::config(with_default, without_automatic_metadata, without_automatic_metadata)]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		#[pallet::constant]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<u32>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(core::marker::PhantomData<T>);
+
+	#[pallet::hooks]
+	impl<T: Config> Hooks<BlockNumberFor<T>> for Pallet<T> {}
+
+	#[pallet::call]
+	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {}
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_duplicate_attr.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_duplicate_attr.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..46326bde0559fad89fe22ce70aca77b4fa4b185e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_duplicate_attr.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+error: Invalid duplicated attribute for `#[pallet::config]`. Please remove duplicates: without_automatic_metadata.
+  --> tests/pallet_ui/config_duplicate_attr.rs:23:12
+   |
+23 |     #[pallet::config(with_default, without_automatic_metadata, without_automatic_metadata)]
+   |               ^^^^^^
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_non_type_info.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_non_type_info.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38c3870ba735b6cd34550a8d2e6142cdb62aa372
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_non_type_info.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::config(with_default)]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		#[pallet::constant]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<u32>;
+
+		#[pallet::include_metadata]
+		type MyNonScaleTypeInfo;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(core::marker::PhantomData<T>);
+
+	#[pallet::hooks]
+	impl<T: Config> Hooks<BlockNumberFor<T>> for Pallet<T> {}
+
+	#[pallet::call]
+	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {}
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_non_type_info.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_non_type_info.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..362e97e8bb92c24531f23db4820fcff7210e1a53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_non_type_info.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+error: Invalid #[pallet::include_metadata] in #[pallet::config], collected type `MyNonScaleTypeInfo` does not implement `TypeInfo` or `Parameter`
+  --> tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_non_type_info.rs:28:4
+   |
+28 |         #[pallet::include_metadata]
+   |          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_constants.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_constants.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5452479b76e789a77c2c6f34fc88ff0db939ea54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_constants.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::config]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		#[pallet::constant]
+       	#[pallet::include_metadata]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<u32>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(core::marker::PhantomData<T>);
+
+	#[pallet::hooks]
+	impl<T: Config> Hooks<BlockNumberFor<T>> for Pallet<T> {}
+
+	#[pallet::call]
+	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {}
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_constants.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_constants.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb943158f38acb5807bec5b773968a3c15430e4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_constants.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+error: Invalid #[pallet::include_metadata]: conflict with #[pallet::constant]. Pallet constant already collect the metadata for the type.
+  --> tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_constants.rs:26:10
+   |
+26 |            #[pallet::include_metadata]
+   |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_events.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_events.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d91f86771bf6de497b82098483df578874651feb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_events.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::config(with_default)]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		#[pallet::no_default_bounds]
+		#[pallet::include_metadata]
+		type RuntimeEvent: From<Event<Self>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent>;
+
+		#[pallet::constant]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<u32>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(core::marker::PhantomData<T>);
+
+	#[pallet::hooks]
+	impl<T: Config> Hooks<BlockNumberFor<T>> for Pallet<T> {}
+
+	#[pallet::call]
+	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {}
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_events.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_events.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..15132ccce04cf610243b6c6b4189fd3ee54033bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_events.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+error: Invalid #[pallet::include_metadata] for `type RuntimeEvent`. The associated type `RuntimeEvent` is already collected in the metadata.
+  --> tests/pallet_ui/config_metadata_on_events.rs:26:4
+   |
+26 |         #[pallet::include_metadata]
+   |          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/dev_mode_without_arg_max_encoded_len.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/dev_mode_without_arg_max_encoded_len.stderr
index 629fefebbe2c709147c29ad307ca58bea79b2440..2fcc3328214082b97bfdda3e3acabf73ddd9b9be 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/dev_mode_without_arg_max_encoded_len.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/dev_mode_without_arg_max_encoded_len.stderr
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Vec<u8>: MaxEncodedLen` is not satisfied
    | |__________________^ the trait `MaxEncodedLen` is not implemented for `Vec<u8>`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageMyStorage<T>, Vec<u8>>: StorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `MaxEncodedLen`:
-             bool
-             i8
-             i16
-             i32
-             i64
-             i128
-             u8
-             u16
+             ()
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6, TupleElement7)
            and $N others
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageMyStorage<T>, Vec<u8>>` to implement `StorageInfoTrait`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/error_does_not_derive_pallet_error.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/error_does_not_derive_pallet_error.stderr
index 44d8d3fcadbfdfe0b5e66d4a71796e8a7b40f7f8..92fb5b9cb38ddfdfe381d592a3f3ed0f2387a5b3 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/error_does_not_derive_pallet_error.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/error_does_not_derive_pallet_error.stderr
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `MyError: PalletError` is not satisfied
    |                     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ the trait `PalletError` is not implemented for `MyError`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `PalletError`:
-             bool
-             i8
-             i16
-             i32
-             i64
-             i128
-             u8
-             u16
+             ()
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6, TupleElement7)
            and $N others
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/hooks_invalid_item.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/hooks_invalid_item.stderr
index b7327943ee20e66433326e7922a50919c530ef7c..c04499dbbd144d2c85a84c908544041dd8603387 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/hooks_invalid_item.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/hooks_invalid_item.stderr
@@ -13,3 +13,9 @@ help: add missing generic argument
    |
 29 |     impl<T: Config> Hooks<BlockNumber> for Pallet<T> {}
    |                          +++++++++++++
+
+error[E0277]: the trait bound `pallet::Pallet<T>: Hooks<<<<T as frame_system::Config>::Block as frame_support::sp_runtime::traits::Block>::Header as frame_support::sp_runtime::traits::Header>::Number>` is not satisfied
+  --> tests/pallet_ui/hooks_invalid_item.rs:28:12
+   |
+28 |     #[pallet::hooks]
+   |               ^^^^^ the trait `Hooks<<<<T as frame_system::Config>::Block as frame_support::sp_runtime::traits::Block>::Header as frame_support::sp_runtime::traits::Header>::Number>` is not implemented for `pallet::Pallet<T>`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/inherent_check_inner_span.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/inherent_check_inner_span.stderr
index 5ea3be470a068b1468beb754b6b4caeca25d93e4..516bddd2c61b9ac1b3de9ff357ed330a85e31467 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/inherent_check_inner_span.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/inherent_check_inner_span.stderr
@@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ error[E0046]: not all trait items implemented, missing: `Call`, `Error`, `INHERE
    |
    = help: implement the missing item: `type Call = /* Type */;`
    = help: implement the missing item: `type Error = /* Type */;`
-   = help: implement the missing item: `const INHERENT_IDENTIFIER: [u8; 8] = value;`
+   = help: implement the missing item: `const INHERENT_IDENTIFIER: [u8; 8] = [42; 8];`
    = help: implement the missing item: `fn create_inherent(_: &InherentData) -> std::option::Option<<Self as ProvideInherent>::Call> { todo!() }`
    = help: implement the missing item: `fn is_inherent(_: &<Self as ProvideInherent>::Call) -> bool { todo!() }`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/no_default_but_missing_with_default.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/no_default_but_missing_with_default.stderr
index e8df28a3046f23289bb50499d3b334028ac9bcc3..1b066bbe9fb8cc3cc50784a29470555beb7dcb0e 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/no_default_but_missing_with_default.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/no_default_but_missing_with_default.stderr
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-error: `#[pallet:no_default]` can only be used if `#[pallet::config(with_default)]` has been specified
+error: `#[pallet::no_default]` can only be used if `#[pallet::config(with_default)]` has been specified
   --> tests/pallet_ui/no_default_but_missing_with_default.rs:26:4
    |
 26 |         #[pallet::no_default]
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/pass/config_multiple_attr.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/pass/config_multiple_attr.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c016c52181cf9140e1c51136bb4b2a0d913735ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/pass/config_multiple_attr.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::config(with_default, without_automatic_metadata)]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		#[pallet::constant]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<Self::AccountId>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/pass/config_without_metadata.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/pass/config_without_metadata.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c9f5244d734528347e487a5177a5bb678b32a35b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/pass/config_without_metadata.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+	#[pallet::config(without_automatic_metadata)]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
+		#[pallet::constant]
+		type MyGetParam2: Get<Self::AccountId>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_ensure_span_are_ok_on_wrong_gen.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_ensure_span_are_ok_on_wrong_gen.stderr
index c8c41e8050145be714e53394e95d5fdda0b7dcbd..fa6b7284d889f548561cae7160b7f2da75d0ff36 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_ensure_span_are_ok_on_wrong_gen.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_ensure_span_are_ok_on_wrong_gen.stderr
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeDecode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeDecode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: PartialStorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeDecode`:
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
+             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Decode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `PartialStorageInfoTrait`
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: EncodeLike` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `EncodeLike` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: PartialStorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `EncodeLike<T>`:
-             <bool as EncodeLike>
-             <i8 as EncodeLike>
-             <i16 as EncodeLike>
-             <i32 as EncodeLike>
-             <i64 as EncodeLike>
-             <i128 as EncodeLike>
-             <u8 as EncodeLike>
-             <u16 as EncodeLike>
+             `&&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike`
+             `&[(K, V)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeMap<LikeK, LikeV>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeSet<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BinaryHeap<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<LinkedList<LikeT>>`
+             `&[T]` implements `EncodeLike<Vec<U>>`
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
@@ -61,14 +61,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeEncode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeEncode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: PartialStorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeEncode`:
+             &T
+             &mut T
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             bytes::bytes::Bytes
              Cow<'a, T>
-             parity_scale_codec::Ref<'a, T, U>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
              Vec<T>
+             bytes::bytes::Bytes
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Encode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: TypeInfo` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `TypeInfo` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `TypeInfo`:
-             bool
-             char
-             i8
-             i16
-             i32
-             i64
-             i128
-             u8
+             &T
+             &mut T
+             ()
+             (A, B)
+             (A, B, C)
+             (A, B, C, D)
+             (A, B, C, D, E)
+             (A, B, C, D, E, F)
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `StaticTypeInfo`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
@@ -105,10 +105,10 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeDecode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeDecode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeDecode`:
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
+             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Decode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
@@ -122,14 +122,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: EncodeLike` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `EncodeLike` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `EncodeLike<T>`:
-             <bool as EncodeLike>
-             <i8 as EncodeLike>
-             <i16 as EncodeLike>
-             <i32 as EncodeLike>
-             <i64 as EncodeLike>
-             <i128 as EncodeLike>
-             <u8 as EncodeLike>
-             <u16 as EncodeLike>
+             `&&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike`
+             `&[(K, V)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeMap<LikeK, LikeV>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeSet<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BinaryHeap<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<LinkedList<LikeT>>`
+             `&[T]` implements `EncodeLike<Vec<U>>`
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
@@ -144,14 +144,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeEncode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeEncode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeEncode`:
+             &T
+             &mut T
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             bytes::bytes::Bytes
              Cow<'a, T>
-             parity_scale_codec::Ref<'a, T, U>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
              Vec<T>
+             bytes::bytes::Bytes
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Encode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
@@ -167,10 +167,10 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeDecode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeDecode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: TryDecodeEntireStorage`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeDecode`:
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
+             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Decode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `TryDecodeEntireStorage`
@@ -184,14 +184,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: EncodeLike` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `EncodeLike` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: TryDecodeEntireStorage`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `EncodeLike<T>`:
-             <bool as EncodeLike>
-             <i8 as EncodeLike>
-             <i16 as EncodeLike>
-             <i32 as EncodeLike>
-             <i64 as EncodeLike>
-             <i128 as EncodeLike>
-             <u8 as EncodeLike>
-             <u16 as EncodeLike>
+             `&&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike`
+             `&[(K, V)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeMap<LikeK, LikeV>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeSet<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BinaryHeap<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<LinkedList<LikeT>>`
+             `&[T]` implements `EncodeLike<Vec<U>>`
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
@@ -206,14 +206,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeEncode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeEncode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: TryDecodeEntireStorage`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeEncode`:
+             &T
+             &mut T
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             bytes::bytes::Bytes
              Cow<'a, T>
-             parity_scale_codec::Ref<'a, T, U>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
              Vec<T>
+             bytes::bytes::Bytes
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Encode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_ensure_span_are_ok_on_wrong_gen_unnamed.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_ensure_span_are_ok_on_wrong_gen_unnamed.stderr
index 08b35eb8ed1536d83678e5b438687cdef51cf91f..944b194b7bcf132971ae5c4dd081e075a4380625 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_ensure_span_are_ok_on_wrong_gen_unnamed.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_ensure_span_are_ok_on_wrong_gen_unnamed.stderr
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeDecode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeDecode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: PartialStorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeDecode`:
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
+             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Decode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `PartialStorageInfoTrait`
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: EncodeLike` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `EncodeLike` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: PartialStorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `EncodeLike<T>`:
-             <bool as EncodeLike>
-             <i8 as EncodeLike>
-             <i16 as EncodeLike>
-             <i32 as EncodeLike>
-             <i64 as EncodeLike>
-             <i128 as EncodeLike>
-             <u8 as EncodeLike>
-             <u16 as EncodeLike>
+             `&&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike`
+             `&[(K, V)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeMap<LikeK, LikeV>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeSet<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BinaryHeap<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<LinkedList<LikeT>>`
+             `&[T]` implements `EncodeLike<Vec<U>>`
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
@@ -61,14 +61,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeEncode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeEncode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: PartialStorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeEncode`:
+             &T
+             &mut T
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             bytes::bytes::Bytes
              Cow<'a, T>
-             parity_scale_codec::Ref<'a, T, U>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
              Vec<T>
+             bytes::bytes::Bytes
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Encode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: TypeInfo` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `TypeInfo` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `TypeInfo`:
-             bool
-             char
-             i8
-             i16
-             i32
-             i64
-             i128
-             u8
+             &T
+             &mut T
+             ()
+             (A, B)
+             (A, B, C)
+             (A, B, C, D)
+             (A, B, C, D, E)
+             (A, B, C, D, E, F)
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `StaticTypeInfo`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
@@ -105,10 +105,10 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeDecode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeDecode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeDecode`:
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
+             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Decode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
@@ -122,14 +122,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: EncodeLike` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `EncodeLike` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `EncodeLike<T>`:
-             <bool as EncodeLike>
-             <i8 as EncodeLike>
-             <i16 as EncodeLike>
-             <i32 as EncodeLike>
-             <i64 as EncodeLike>
-             <i128 as EncodeLike>
-             <u8 as EncodeLike>
-             <u16 as EncodeLike>
+             `&&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike`
+             `&[(K, V)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeMap<LikeK, LikeV>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeSet<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BinaryHeap<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<LinkedList<LikeT>>`
+             `&[T]` implements `EncodeLike<Vec<U>>`
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
@@ -144,14 +144,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeEncode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeEncode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageEntryMetadataBuilder`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeEncode`:
+             &T
+             &mut T
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             bytes::bytes::Bytes
              Cow<'a, T>
-             parity_scale_codec::Ref<'a, T, U>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
              Vec<T>
+             bytes::bytes::Bytes
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Encode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
@@ -167,10 +167,10 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeDecode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeDecode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: TryDecodeEntireStorage`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeDecode`:
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
+             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Decode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `TryDecodeEntireStorage`
@@ -184,14 +184,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: EncodeLike` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `EncodeLike` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: TryDecodeEntireStorage`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `EncodeLike<T>`:
-             <bool as EncodeLike>
-             <i8 as EncodeLike>
-             <i16 as EncodeLike>
-             <i32 as EncodeLike>
-             <i64 as EncodeLike>
-             <i128 as EncodeLike>
-             <u8 as EncodeLike>
-             <u16 as EncodeLike>
+             `&&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike<T>`
+             `&T` implements `EncodeLike`
+             `&[(K, V)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeMap<LikeK, LikeV>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BTreeSet<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<BinaryHeap<LikeT>>`
+             `&[(T,)]` implements `EncodeLike<LinkedList<LikeT>>`
+             `&[T]` implements `EncodeLike<Vec<U>>`
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullCodec`
@@ -206,14 +206,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: WrapperTypeEncode` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `WrapperTypeEncode` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: TryDecodeEntireStorage`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `WrapperTypeEncode`:
+             &T
+             &mut T
+             Arc<T>
              Box<T>
-             bytes::bytes::Bytes
              Cow<'a, T>
-             parity_scale_codec::Ref<'a, T, U>
-             frame_support::sp_runtime::sp_application_crypto::sp_core::Bytes
              Rc<T>
-             Arc<T>
              Vec<T>
+             bytes::bytes::Bytes
            and $N others
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `Encode`
    = note: required for `Bar` to implement `FullEncode`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_info_unsatisfied.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_info_unsatisfied.stderr
index 042a6f67fd316c27a802c14f2497d86f6c9bd5bc..95ec76e29c0be79585d5902b87694804be88c148 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_info_unsatisfied.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_info_unsatisfied.stderr
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: MaxEncodedLen` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `MaxEncodedLen` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>: StorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `MaxEncodedLen`:
-             bool
-             i8
-             i16
-             i32
-             i64
-             i128
-             u8
-             u16
+             ()
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6, TupleElement7)
            and $N others
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, Bar>` to implement `StorageInfoTrait`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_info_unsatisfied_nmap.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_info_unsatisfied_nmap.stderr
index 9f57b85f3a8a3ae0797efb618c1f8c1123da070d..8351dd92d5944c14ebd1ccd1b6d17c3eaf017f4d 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_info_unsatisfied_nmap.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_info_unsatisfied_nmap.stderr
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ error[E0277]: the trait bound `Bar: MaxEncodedLen` is not satisfied
    | |____________^ the trait `MaxEncodedLen` is not implemented for `Bar`, which is required by `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageNMap<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, NMapKey<frame_support::Twox64Concat, Bar>, u32>: StorageInfoTrait`
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `MaxEncodedLen`:
-             bool
-             i8
-             i16
-             i32
-             i64
-             i128
-             u8
-             u16
+             ()
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6)
+             (TupleElement0, TupleElement1, TupleElement2, TupleElement3, TupleElement4, TupleElement5, TupleElement6, TupleElement7)
            and $N others
    = note: required for `NMapKey<frame_support::Twox64Concat, Bar>` to implement `KeyGeneratorMaxEncodedLen`
    = note: required for `frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageNMap<_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo<T>, NMapKey<frame_support::Twox64Concat, Bar>, u32>` to implement `StorageInfoTrait`
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/type_value_error_in_block.stderr b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/type_value_error_in_block.stderr
index 41dcd273d9620d4151bdd6e7ba65dd9c24174322..0b13dcff90c68ceede6b4bbd119b217548aa486f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/type_value_error_in_block.stderr
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/type_value_error_in_block.stderr
@@ -3,3 +3,9 @@ error[E0599]: no function or associated item named `new` found for type `u32` in
    |
 37 |         u32::new()
    |              ^^^ function or associated item not found in `u32`
+   |
+help: there is a method `ne` with a similar name, but with different arguments
+  --> $RUST/core/src/cmp.rs
+   |
+   |     fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/call/mod.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/call/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..27b3ec31b835f65e9d36a67269a711fb7b2da044
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/call/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use frame_support::pallet_macros::pallet_section;
+
+#[pallet_section]
+mod call {
+	#[pallet::call]
+	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
+        #[pallet::call_index(0)]
+        pub fn noop0(origin: OriginFor<T>) -> DispatchResult {
+            ensure_signed(origin)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        #[pallet::call_index(1)]
+        pub fn noop1(origin: OriginFor<T>, _x: u64) -> DispatchResult {
+            ensure_signed(origin)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        
+        #[pallet::call_index(2)]
+        pub fn noop2(origin: OriginFor<T>, _x: u64, _y: u64) -> DispatchResult {
+            ensure_signed(origin)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        #[pallet::call_index(3)]
+        #[pallet::feeless_if(|_origin: &OriginFor<T>| -> bool { true })]
+        pub fn noop_feeless0(origin: OriginFor<T>) -> DispatchResult {
+            ensure_signed(origin)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        #[pallet::call_index(4)]
+        #[pallet::feeless_if(|_origin: &OriginFor<T>, x: &u64| -> bool { *x == 1 })]
+        pub fn noop_feeless1(origin: OriginFor<T>, _x: u64) -> DispatchResult {
+            ensure_signed(origin)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        #[pallet::call_index(5)]
+        #[pallet::feeless_if(|_origin: &OriginFor<T>, x: &u64, y: &u64| -> bool { *x == *y })]
+        pub fn noop_feeless2(origin: OriginFor<T>, _x: u64, _y: u64) -> DispatchResult {
+            ensure_signed(origin)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/split_call.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/split_call.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..09dbe6e3992d942fd04997f6924cec259ef1e062
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/split_call.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use frame_support::pallet_macros::import_section;
+
+mod call;
+
+#[import_section(call::call)]
+#[frame_support::pallet(dev_mode)]
+pub mod pallet {
+    use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+    use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+    #[pallet::pallet]
+    pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+
+    #[pallet::config]
+    pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {}
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/split_storage.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/split_storage.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e8601587fac73461a44eccfe72d7bb647a18f869
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/split_storage.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use frame_support::pallet_macros::import_section;
+
+mod storage;
+
+#[import_section(storage::storage)]
+#[frame_support::pallet(dev_mode)]
+pub mod pallet {
+    use frame_support::pallet_prelude::*;
+    use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
+
+    const STORAGE_VERSION: StorageVersion = StorageVersion::new(8);
+
+    #[pallet::pallet]
+    #[pallet::storage_version(STORAGE_VERSION)]
+    pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+
+    #[pallet::config]
+    pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {}
+
+	#[pallet::call]
+	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
+		pub fn increment_value(_origin: OriginFor<T>) -> DispatchResult {
+			Value::<T>::mutate(|v| {
+				v.saturating_add(1)
+			});
+			Ok(())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}
diff --git a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/build.rs b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/storage/mod.rs
similarity index 70%
rename from cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/build.rs
rename to substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/storage/mod.rs
index 60f8a125129ff1344a1799246e931acdb1d139d5..26974a750dc3a255f5d8d785849db9ee3ce68076 100644
--- a/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/starters/seedling/build.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/support/test/tests/split_ui/pass/storage/mod.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
 // Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
@@ -13,14 +15,13 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
-fn main() {
-	substrate_wasm_builder::WasmBuilder::new()
-		.with_current_project()
-		.export_heap_base()
-		.import_memory()
-		.build()
-}
+use frame_support::pallet_macros::pallet_section;
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
-fn main() {}
+#[pallet_section]
+mod storage {
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	pub type Value<T> = StorageValue<_, u32, ValueQuery>;
+
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	pub type Map<T> = StorageMap<_, _, u32, u32, ValueQuery>;
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
index 662b7f1a94bfd3d0a159e84a8646f6612ac1503d..a5c5f1ed2e47032338ff5424ea483d70d68e64df 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/system/src/lib.rs
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			type MaxConsumers = frame_support::traits::ConstU32<128>;
 
 			/// The default data to be stored in an account.
-			type AccountData = crate::AccountInfo<Self::Nonce, ()>;
+			type AccountData = ();
 
 			/// What to do if a new account is created.
 			type OnNewAccount = ();
diff --git a/substrate/frame/system/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/system/src/tests.rs
index 534ba1e863fc1cb294500e1c1daed2888a72dfd4..aa1094e3fe4800cc3268d14611fdb927d4247967 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/system/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/system/src/tests.rs
@@ -848,6 +848,7 @@ pub fn from_post_weight_info(ref_time: Option<u64>, pays_fee: Pays) -> PostDispa
 #[docify::export]
 #[test]
 fn last_runtime_upgrade_spec_version_usage() {
+	#[allow(dead_code)]
 	struct Migration;
 
 	impl OnRuntimeUpgrade for Migration {
diff --git a/substrate/frame/transaction-payment/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/transaction-payment/src/tests.rs
index 35d5322a6f33f40a97a00805dffb9f2a76b2a7cf..bac89967d6af89040d6ddf763825fa525009276c 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/transaction-payment/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/transaction-payment/src/tests.rs
@@ -273,8 +273,10 @@ fn signed_ext_length_fee_is_also_updated_per_congestion() {
 			NextFeeMultiplier::<Runtime>::put(Multiplier::saturating_from_rational(3, 2));
 			let len = 10;
 
-			assert_ok!(ChargeTransactionPayment::<Runtime>::from(10) // tipped
-				.pre_dispatch(&1, CALL, &info_from_weight(Weight::from_parts(3, 0)), len));
+			assert_ok!(
+				ChargeTransactionPayment::<Runtime>::from(10) // tipped
+					.pre_dispatch(&1, CALL, &info_from_weight(Weight::from_parts(3, 0)), len)
+			);
 			assert_eq!(
 				Balances::free_balance(1),
 				100 // original
diff --git a/substrate/frame/treasury/Cargo.toml b/substrate/frame/treasury/Cargo.toml
index 55bdd4f7a4986b093b7d22c26751e9d6a98f5b66..93a3d9bea93d1b78f01e19206a4b1b9d31e31ba4 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/treasury/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/frame/treasury/Cargo.toml
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ frame-system = { workspace = true }
 pallet-balances = { workspace = true }
 sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
 sp-core = { optional = true, workspace = true }
+log = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 sp-io = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ std = [
 	"frame-benchmarking?/std",
 	"frame-support/std",
 	"frame-system/std",
+	"log/std",
 	"pallet-balances/std",
 	"pallet-utility/std",
 	"scale-info/std",
diff --git a/substrate/frame/treasury/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/treasury/src/lib.rs
index edb39f2306421a75f09690be3b64feb4c187c998..ad74495ce090b216b0ccf2a19ee4b0843865071b 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/treasury/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/treasury/src/lib.rs
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
 #![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
 
 mod benchmarking;
+pub mod migration;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
 pub mod weights;
diff --git a/substrate/frame/treasury/src/migration.rs b/substrate/frame/treasury/src/migration.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c0de4ce43108840b22096bb09c3338bdf1d9afd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/frame/treasury/src/migration.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Treasury pallet migrations.
+
+use super::*;
+use alloc::collections::BTreeSet;
+#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+use alloc::vec::Vec;
+use core::marker::PhantomData;
+use frame_support::{defensive, traits::OnRuntimeUpgrade};
+
+/// The log target for this pallet.
+const LOG_TARGET: &str = "runtime::treasury";
+
+pub mod cleanup_proposals {
+	use super::*;
+
+	/// Migration to cleanup unapproved proposals to return the bonds back to the proposers.
+	/// Proposals can no longer be created and the `Proposal` storage item will be removed in the
+	/// future.
+	///
+	/// `UnreserveWeight` returns `Weight` of `unreserve_balance` operation which is perfomed during
+	/// this migration.
+	pub struct Migration<T, I, UnreserveWeight>(PhantomData<(T, I, UnreserveWeight)>);
+
+	impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static, UnreserveWeight: Get<Weight>> OnRuntimeUpgrade
+		for Migration<T, I, UnreserveWeight>
+	{
+		fn on_runtime_upgrade() -> frame_support::weights::Weight {
+			let mut approval_index = BTreeSet::new();
+			for approval in Approvals::<T, I>::get().iter() {
+				approval_index.insert(*approval);
+			}
+
+			let mut proposals_processed = 0;
+			for (proposal_index, p) in Proposals::<T, I>::iter() {
+				if !approval_index.contains(&proposal_index) {
+					let err_amount = T::Currency::unreserve(&p.proposer, p.bond);
+					if err_amount.is_zero() {
+						Proposals::<T, I>::remove(proposal_index);
+						log::info!(
+							target: LOG_TARGET,
+							"Released bond amount of {:?} to proposer {:?}",
+							p.bond,
+							p.proposer,
+						);
+					} else {
+						defensive!(
+							"err_amount is non zero for proposal {:?}",
+							(proposal_index, err_amount)
+						);
+						Proposals::<T, I>::mutate_extant(proposal_index, |proposal| {
+							proposal.value = err_amount;
+						});
+						log::info!(
+							target: LOG_TARGET,
+							"Released partial bond amount of {:?} to proposer {:?}",
+							p.bond - err_amount,
+							p.proposer,
+						);
+					}
+					proposals_processed += 1;
+				}
+			}
+
+			log::info!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"Migration for pallet-treasury finished, released {} proposal bonds.",
+				proposals_processed,
+			);
+
+			// calculate and return migration weights
+			let approvals_read = 1;
+			T::DbWeight::get().reads_writes(
+				proposals_processed as u64 + approvals_read,
+				proposals_processed as u64,
+			) + UnreserveWeight::get() * proposals_processed
+		}
+
+		#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+		fn pre_upgrade() -> Result<Vec<u8>, sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
+			let value = (
+				Proposals::<T, I>::iter_values().count() as u32,
+				Approvals::<T, I>::get().len() as u32,
+			);
+			log::info!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"Proposals and Approvals count {:?}",
+				value,
+			);
+			Ok(value.encode())
+		}
+
+		#[cfg(feature = "try-runtime")]
+		fn post_upgrade(state: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(), sp_runtime::TryRuntimeError> {
+			let (old_proposals_count, old_approvals_count) =
+				<(u32, u32)>::decode(&mut &state[..]).expect("Known good");
+			let new_proposals_count = Proposals::<T, I>::iter_values().count() as u32;
+			let new_approvals_count = Approvals::<T, I>::get().len() as u32;
+
+			log::info!(
+				target: LOG_TARGET,
+				"Proposals and Approvals count {:?}",
+				(new_proposals_count, new_approvals_count),
+			);
+
+			ensure!(
+				new_proposals_count <= old_proposals_count,
+				"Proposals after migration should be less or equal to old proposals"
+			);
+			ensure!(
+				new_approvals_count == old_approvals_count,
+				"Approvals after migration should remain the same"
+			);
+			Ok(())
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/utility/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/utility/src/lib.rs
index ed5544fe55ca4f28007c9f16bc95987e570a70bf..a4f66298f3fa24bba5a33d6d48cff74a7e2fb20a 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/utility/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/utility/src/lib.rs
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		fn batched_calls_limit() -> u32 {
 			let allocator_limit = sp_core::MAX_POSSIBLE_ALLOCATION;
 			let call_size = ((core::mem::size_of::<<T as Config>::RuntimeCall>() as u32 +
-				CALL_ALIGN - 1) / CALL_ALIGN) *
-				CALL_ALIGN;
+				CALL_ALIGN - 1) /
+				CALL_ALIGN) * CALL_ALIGN;
 			// The margin to take into account vec doubling capacity.
 			let margin_factor = 3;
 
diff --git a/substrate/frame/vesting/src/benchmarking.rs b/substrate/frame/vesting/src/benchmarking.rs
index 68214c4f47ccca2749074bc6e75cc8d218b2e3f7..736dd6eac1a8c52899a9cb74e53e8805ecf1c00f 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/vesting/src/benchmarking.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/vesting/src/benchmarking.rs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ fn add_locks<T: Config>(who: &T::AccountId, n: u8) {
 }
 
 fn add_vesting_schedules<T: Config>(
-	target: AccountIdLookupOf<T>,
+	target: &T::AccountId,
 	n: u32,
 ) -> Result<BalanceOf<T>, &'static str> {
 	let min_transfer = T::MinVestedTransfer::get();
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ fn add_vesting_schedules<T: Config>(
 	let starting_block = 1u32;
 
 	let source: T::AccountId = account("source", 0, SEED);
-	let source_lookup = T::Lookup::unlookup(source.clone());
 	T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&source, BalanceOf::<T>::max_value());
 
 	T::BlockNumberProvider::set_block_number(BlockNumberFor::<T>::zero());
@@ -62,11 +61,7 @@ fn add_vesting_schedules<T: Config>(
 		total_locked += locked;
 
 		let schedule = VestingInfo::new(locked, per_block, starting_block.into());
-		assert_ok!(Vesting::<T>::do_vested_transfer(
-			source_lookup.clone(),
-			target.clone(),
-			schedule
-		));
+		assert_ok!(Vesting::<T>::do_vested_transfer(&source, target, schedule));
 
 		// Top up to guarantee we can always transfer another schedule.
 		T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&source, BalanceOf::<T>::max_value());
@@ -81,11 +76,10 @@ benchmarks! {
 		let s in 1 .. T::MAX_VESTING_SCHEDULES;
 
 		let caller: T::AccountId = whitelisted_caller();
-		let caller_lookup = T::Lookup::unlookup(caller.clone());
 		T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&caller, T::Currency::minimum_balance());
 
 		add_locks::<T>(&caller, l as u8);
-		let expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(caller_lookup, s)?;
+		let expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&caller, s)?;
 
 		// At block zero, everything is vested.
 		assert_eq!(System::<T>::block_number(), BlockNumberFor::<T>::zero());
@@ -109,11 +103,10 @@ benchmarks! {
 		let s in 1 .. T::MAX_VESTING_SCHEDULES;
 
 		let caller: T::AccountId = whitelisted_caller();
-		let caller_lookup = T::Lookup::unlookup(caller.clone());
 		T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&caller, T::Currency::minimum_balance());
 
 		add_locks::<T>(&caller, l as u8);
-		add_vesting_schedules::<T>(caller_lookup, s)?;
+		add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&caller, s)?;
 
 		// At block 21, everything is unlocked.
 		T::BlockNumberProvider::set_block_number(21u32.into());
@@ -141,7 +134,7 @@ benchmarks! {
 
 		T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&other, T::Currency::minimum_balance());
 		add_locks::<T>(&other, l as u8);
-		let expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(other_lookup.clone(), s)?;
+		let expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&other, s)?;
 
 		// At block zero, everything is vested.
 		assert_eq!(System::<T>::block_number(), BlockNumberFor::<T>::zero());
@@ -171,7 +164,7 @@ benchmarks! {
 
 		T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&other, T::Currency::minimum_balance());
 		add_locks::<T>(&other, l as u8);
-		add_vesting_schedules::<T>(other_lookup.clone(), s)?;
+		add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&other, s)?;
 		// At block 21 everything is unlocked.
 		T::BlockNumberProvider::set_block_number(21u32.into());
 
@@ -206,7 +199,7 @@ benchmarks! {
 		add_locks::<T>(&target, l as u8);
 		// Add one vesting schedules.
 		let orig_balance = T::Currency::free_balance(&target);
-		let mut expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(target_lookup.clone(), s)?;
+		let mut expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&target, s)?;
 
 		let transfer_amount = T::MinVestedTransfer::get();
 		let per_block = transfer_amount.checked_div(&20u32.into()).unwrap();
@@ -246,7 +239,7 @@ benchmarks! {
 		add_locks::<T>(&target, l as u8);
 		// Add one less than max vesting schedules
 		let orig_balance = T::Currency::free_balance(&target);
-		let mut expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(target_lookup.clone(), s)?;
+		let mut expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&target, s)?;
 
 		let transfer_amount = T::MinVestedTransfer::get();
 		let per_block = transfer_amount.checked_div(&20u32.into()).unwrap();
@@ -281,7 +274,7 @@ benchmarks! {
 		T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&caller, T::Currency::minimum_balance());
 		add_locks::<T>(&caller, l as u8);
 		// Add max vesting schedules.
-		let expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(caller_lookup, s)?;
+		let expected_balance = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&caller, s)?;
 
 		// Schedules are not vesting at block 0.
 		assert_eq!(System::<T>::block_number(), BlockNumberFor::<T>::zero());
@@ -332,7 +325,7 @@ benchmarks! {
 		T::Currency::make_free_balance_be(&caller, T::Currency::minimum_balance());
 		add_locks::<T>(&caller, l as u8);
 		// Add max vesting schedules.
-		let total_transferred = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(caller_lookup, s)?;
+		let total_transferred = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&caller, s)?;
 
 		// Go to about half way through all the schedules duration. (They all start at 1, and have a duration of 20 or 21).
 		T::BlockNumberProvider::set_block_number(11u32.into());
@@ -397,7 +390,7 @@ force_remove_vesting_schedule {
 
 		// Give target existing locks.
 		add_locks::<T>(&target, l as u8);
-		let _ = add_vesting_schedules::<T>(target_lookup.clone(), s)?;
+		add_vesting_schedules::<T>(&target, s)?;
 
 		// The last vesting schedule.
 		let schedule_index = s - 1;
diff --git a/substrate/frame/vesting/src/lib.rs b/substrate/frame/vesting/src/lib.rs
index bfc10efeed796bdf85d42c48bcb3c41ffa8ce8e0..15f8d397f81c9c345348a16bca290d6ab86837cc 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/vesting/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/vesting/src/lib.rs
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ use frame_support::{
 	ensure,
 	storage::bounded_vec::BoundedVec,
 	traits::{
-		Currency, ExistenceRequirement, Get, LockIdentifier, LockableCurrency, VestingSchedule,
-		WithdrawReasons,
+		Currency, ExistenceRequirement, Get, LockIdentifier, LockableCurrency, VestedTransfer,
+		VestingSchedule, WithdrawReasons,
 	},
 	weights::Weight,
 };
@@ -351,8 +351,8 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			schedule: VestingInfo<BalanceOf<T>, BlockNumberFor<T>>,
 		) -> DispatchResult {
 			let transactor = ensure_signed(origin)?;
-			let transactor = <T::Lookup as StaticLookup>::unlookup(transactor);
-			Self::do_vested_transfer(transactor, target, schedule)
+			let target = T::Lookup::lookup(target)?;
+			Self::do_vested_transfer(&transactor, &target, schedule)
 		}
 
 		/// Force a vested transfer.
@@ -380,7 +380,9 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			schedule: VestingInfo<BalanceOf<T>, BlockNumberFor<T>>,
 		) -> DispatchResult {
 			ensure_root(origin)?;
-			Self::do_vested_transfer(source, target, schedule)
+			let target = T::Lookup::lookup(target)?;
+			let source = T::Lookup::lookup(source)?;
+			Self::do_vested_transfer(&source, &target, schedule)
 		}
 
 		/// Merge two vesting schedules together, creating a new vesting schedule that unlocks over
@@ -525,8 +527,8 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 
 	// Execute a vested transfer from `source` to `target` with the given `schedule`.
 	fn do_vested_transfer(
-		source: AccountIdLookupOf<T>,
-		target: AccountIdLookupOf<T>,
+		source: &T::AccountId,
+		target: &T::AccountId,
 		schedule: VestingInfo<BalanceOf<T>, BlockNumberFor<T>>,
 	) -> DispatchResult {
 		// Validate user inputs.
@@ -534,27 +536,22 @@ impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
 		if !schedule.is_valid() {
 			return Err(Error::<T>::InvalidScheduleParams.into())
 		};
-		let target = T::Lookup::lookup(target)?;
-		let source = T::Lookup::lookup(source)?;
 
 		// Check we can add to this account prior to any storage writes.
 		Self::can_add_vesting_schedule(
-			&target,
+			target,
 			schedule.locked(),
 			schedule.per_block(),
 			schedule.starting_block(),
 		)?;
 
-		T::Currency::transfer(
-			&source,
-			&target,
-			schedule.locked(),
-			ExistenceRequirement::AllowDeath,
-		)?;
+		T::Currency::transfer(source, target, schedule.locked(), ExistenceRequirement::AllowDeath)?;
 
 		// We can't let this fail because the currency transfer has already happened.
+		// Must be successful as it has been checked before.
+		// Better to return error on failure anyway.
 		let res = Self::add_vesting_schedule(
-			&target,
+			target,
 			schedule.locked(),
 			schedule.per_block(),
 			schedule.starting_block(),
@@ -751,8 +748,8 @@ where
 		Ok(())
 	}
 
-	// Ensure we can call `add_vesting_schedule` without error. This should always
-	// be called prior to `add_vesting_schedule`.
+	/// Ensure we can call `add_vesting_schedule` without error. This should always
+	/// be called prior to `add_vesting_schedule`.
 	fn can_add_vesting_schedule(
 		who: &T::AccountId,
 		locked: BalanceOf<T>,
@@ -784,3 +781,32 @@ where
 		Ok(())
 	}
 }
+
+/// An implementation that allows the Vesting Pallet to handle a vested transfer
+/// on behalf of another Pallet.
+impl<T: Config> VestedTransfer<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T>
+where
+	BalanceOf<T>: MaybeSerializeDeserialize + Debug,
+{
+	type Currency = T::Currency;
+	type Moment = BlockNumberFor<T>;
+
+	fn vested_transfer(
+		source: &T::AccountId,
+		target: &T::AccountId,
+		locked: BalanceOf<T>,
+		per_block: BalanceOf<T>,
+		starting_block: BlockNumberFor<T>,
+	) -> DispatchResult {
+		use frame_support::storage::{with_transaction, TransactionOutcome};
+		let schedule = VestingInfo::new(locked, per_block, starting_block);
+		with_transaction(|| -> TransactionOutcome<DispatchResult> {
+			let result = Self::do_vested_transfer(source, target, schedule);
+
+			match &result {
+				Ok(()) => TransactionOutcome::Commit(result),
+				_ => TransactionOutcome::Rollback(result),
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/frame/vesting/src/tests.rs b/substrate/frame/vesting/src/tests.rs
index 004da0dfbfa137be6b3f3e5c5894ebdb5a36e992..0dd7133d930ad192c0fb1ea2beef915d1b8c3346 100644
--- a/substrate/frame/vesting/src/tests.rs
+++ b/substrate/frame/vesting/src/tests.rs
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ fn unvested_balance_should_not_transfer() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(10).build().execute_with(|| {
 		let user1_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&1);
 		assert_eq!(user1_free_balance, 100); // Account 1 has free balance
-									 // Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
+									   // Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
 		assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(45));
 		// Account 1 cannot send more than vested amount...
 		assert_noop!(Balances::transfer_allow_death(Some(1).into(), 2, 56), TokenError::Frozen);
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ fn vested_balance_should_transfer() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(10).build().execute_with(|| {
 		let user1_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&1);
 		assert_eq!(user1_free_balance, 100); // Account 1 has free balance
-									 // Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
+									   // Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
 		assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(45));
 		assert_ok!(Vesting::vest(Some(1).into()));
 		assert_ok!(Balances::transfer_allow_death(Some(1).into(), 2, 55));
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ fn vested_balance_should_transfer_using_vest_other() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(10).build().execute_with(|| {
 		let user1_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&1);
 		assert_eq!(user1_free_balance, 100); // Account 1 has free balance
-									 // Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
+									   // Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
 		assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(45));
 		assert_ok!(Vesting::vest_other(Some(2).into(), 1));
 		assert_ok!(Balances::transfer_allow_death(Some(1).into(), 2, 55));
@@ -280,13 +280,14 @@ fn extra_balance_should_transfer() {
 		// Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 150 unvested)
 		assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(45));
 		assert_ok!(Vesting::vest(Some(1).into()));
-		assert_ok!(Balances::transfer_allow_death(Some(1).into(), 3, 155)); // Account 1 can send extra units gained
+		// Account 1 can send extra units gained
+		assert_ok!(Balances::transfer_allow_death(Some(1).into(), 3, 155));
 
 		// Account 2 has no units vested at block 1, but gained 100
 		assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&2), Some(200));
 		assert_ok!(Vesting::vest(Some(2).into()));
-		assert_ok!(Balances::transfer_allow_death(Some(2).into(), 3, 100)); // Account 2 can send extra
-		                                                            // units gained
+		// Account 2 can send extra units gained
+		assert_ok!(Balances::transfer_allow_death(Some(2).into(), 3, 100));
 	});
 }
 
@@ -295,14 +296,16 @@ fn liquid_funds_should_transfer_with_delayed_vesting() {
 	ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(256).build().execute_with(|| {
 		let user12_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&12);
 
-		assert_eq!(user12_free_balance, 2560); // Account 12 has free balance
-									   // Account 12 has liquid funds
+		// Account 12 has free balance
+		assert_eq!(user12_free_balance, 2560);
+		// Account 12 has liquid funds
 		assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&12), Some(user12_free_balance - 256 * 5));
 
 		// Account 12 has delayed vesting
 		let user12_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo::new(
 			256 * 5,
-			64, // Vesting over 20 blocks
+			// Vesting over 20 blocks
+			64,
 			10,
 		);
 		assert_eq!(VestingStorage::<Test>::get(&12).unwrap(), vec![user12_vesting_schedule]);
@@ -630,8 +633,10 @@ fn merge_ongoing_schedules() {
 
 		let sched1 = VestingInfo::new(
 			ED * 10,
-			ED,                          // Vest over 10 blocks.
-			sched0.starting_block() + 5, // Start at block 15.
+			// Vest over 10 blocks.
+			ED,
+			// Start at block 15.
+			sched0.starting_block() + 5,
 		);
 		assert_ok!(Vesting::vested_transfer(Some(4).into(), 2, sched1));
 		assert_eq!(VestingStorage::<Test>::get(&2).unwrap(), vec![sched0, sched1]);
@@ -1191,3 +1196,43 @@ fn remove_vesting_schedule() {
 		);
 	});
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn vested_transfer_impl_works() {
+	ExtBuilder::default().existential_deposit(ED).build().execute_with(|| {
+		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(&3), 256 * 30);
+		assert_eq!(Balances::free_balance(&4), 256 * 40);
+		// Account 4 should not have any vesting yet.
+		assert_eq!(VestingStorage::<Test>::get(&4), None);
+
+		// Basic working scenario
+		assert_ok!(<Vesting as VestedTransfer<_>>::vested_transfer(
+			&3,
+			&4,
+			ED * 5,
+			ED * 5 / 20,
+			10
+		));
+		// Now account 4 should have vesting.
+		let new_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo::new(
+			ED * 5,
+			(ED * 5) / 20, // Vesting over 20 blocks
+			10,
+		);
+		assert_eq!(VestingStorage::<Test>::get(&4).unwrap(), vec![new_vesting_schedule]);
+		// Account 4 has 5 * 256 locked.
+		assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&4), Some(256 * 5));
+
+		// If the transfer fails (because they don't have enough balance), no storage is changed.
+		assert_noop!(
+			<Vesting as VestedTransfer<_>>::vested_transfer(&3, &4, ED * 9999, ED * 5 / 20, 10),
+			TokenError::FundsUnavailable
+		);
+
+		// If applying the vesting schedule fails (per block is 0), no storage is changed.
+		assert_noop!(
+			<Vesting as VestedTransfer<_>>::vested_transfer(&3, &4, ED * 5, 0, 10),
+			Error::<Test>::InvalidScheduleParams
+		);
+	});
+}
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/api/proc-macro/src/impl_runtime_apis.rs b/substrate/primitives/api/proc-macro/src/impl_runtime_apis.rs
index 21397abc8fc62ad1fab87a1be9bad78973e76fd3..de922e3253e47c929ea348f187f3440a0ed1f33a 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/api/proc-macro/src/impl_runtime_apis.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/api/proc-macro/src/impl_runtime_apis.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 use crate::{
 	common::API_VERSION_ATTRIBUTE,
 	utils::{
-		extract_all_signature_types, extract_block_type_from_trait_path, extract_impl_trait,
+		extract_block_type_from_trait_path, extract_impl_trait,
 		extract_parameter_names_types_and_borrows, generate_crate_access,
 		generate_runtime_mod_name_for_trait, parse_runtime_api_version, prefix_function_with_trait,
 		versioned_trait_name, AllowSelfRefInParameters, RequireQualifiedTraitPath,
@@ -632,11 +632,6 @@ impl<'a> Fold for ApiRuntimeImplToApiRuntimeApiImpl<'a> {
 	}
 
 	fn fold_item_impl(&mut self, mut input: ItemImpl) -> ItemImpl {
-		// All this `UnwindSafe` magic below here is required for this rust bug:
-		// https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/24159
-		// Before we directly had the final block type and rust could determine that it is unwind
-		// safe, but now we just have a generic parameter `Block`.
-
 		let crate_ = generate_crate_access();
 
 		// Implement the trait for the `RuntimeApiImpl`
@@ -644,9 +639,9 @@ impl<'a> Fold for ApiRuntimeImplToApiRuntimeApiImpl<'a> {
 			Box::new(parse_quote!( RuntimeApiImpl<__SrApiBlock__, RuntimeApiImplCall> ));
 
 		input.generics.params.push(parse_quote!(
-			__SrApiBlock__: #crate_::BlockT + std::panic::UnwindSafe +
-				std::panic::RefUnwindSafe
+			__SrApiBlock__: #crate_::BlockT
 		));
+
 		input
 			.generics
 			.params
@@ -661,17 +656,6 @@ impl<'a> Fold for ApiRuntimeImplToApiRuntimeApiImpl<'a> {
 
 		where_clause.predicates.push(parse_quote! { &'static RuntimeApiImplCall: Send });
 
-		// Require that all types used in the function signatures are unwind safe.
-		extract_all_signature_types(&input.items).iter().for_each(|i| {
-			where_clause.predicates.push(parse_quote! {
-				#i: std::panic::UnwindSafe + std::panic::RefUnwindSafe
-			});
-		});
-
-		where_clause.predicates.push(parse_quote! {
-			__SrApiBlock__::Header: std::panic::UnwindSafe + std::panic::RefUnwindSafe
-		});
-
 		input.attrs = filter_cfg_attrs(&input.attrs);
 
 		fold::fold_item_impl(self, input)
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/api/proc-macro/src/utils.rs b/substrate/primitives/api/proc-macro/src/utils.rs
index 94da6748cbdb36070c34d48b9b2405518b4aad52..dc993c2ac420ef431a4222afa24e2c0e47f5465d 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/api/proc-macro/src/utils.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/api/proc-macro/src/utils.rs
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ use proc_macro_crate::{crate_name, FoundCrate};
 use quote::{format_ident, quote};
 use syn::{
 	parse_quote, punctuated::Punctuated, spanned::Spanned, token::And, Attribute, Error, Expr,
-	ExprLit, FnArg, GenericArgument, Ident, ImplItem, ItemImpl, Lit, Meta, MetaNameValue, Pat,
-	Path, PathArguments, Result, ReturnType, Signature, Token, Type, TypePath,
+	ExprLit, FnArg, GenericArgument, Ident, ItemImpl, Lit, Meta, MetaNameValue, Pat, Path,
+	PathArguments, Result, ReturnType, Signature, Token, Type, TypePath,
 };
 
 /// Generates the access to the `sc_client` crate.
@@ -159,37 +159,6 @@ pub fn prefix_function_with_trait<F: ToString>(trait_: &Ident, function: &F) ->
 	format!("{}_{}", trait_, function.to_string())
 }
 
-/// Extract all types that appear in signatures in the given `ImplItem`'s.
-///
-/// If a type is a reference, the inner type is extracted (without the reference).
-pub fn extract_all_signature_types(items: &[ImplItem]) -> Vec<Type> {
-	items
-		.iter()
-		.filter_map(|i| match i {
-			ImplItem::Fn(method) => Some(&method.sig),
-			_ => None,
-		})
-		.flat_map(|sig| {
-			let ret_ty = match &sig.output {
-				ReturnType::Default => None,
-				ReturnType::Type(_, ty) => Some((**ty).clone()),
-			};
-
-			sig.inputs
-				.iter()
-				.filter_map(|i| match i {
-					FnArg::Typed(arg) => Some(&arg.ty),
-					_ => None,
-				})
-				.map(|ty| match &**ty {
-					Type::Reference(t) => (*t.elem).clone(),
-					_ => (**ty).clone(),
-				})
-				.chain(ret_ty)
-		})
-		.collect()
-}
-
 /// Extracts the block type from a trait path.
 ///
 /// It is expected that the block type is the first type in the generic arguments.
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/api/test/Cargo.toml b/substrate/primitives/api/test/Cargo.toml
index 121ce6b999388635d04c46bda001b6f15d25ed98..1d21f23eb8042200030c64295665d1b32c5730f0 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/api/test/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/primitives/api/test/Cargo.toml
@@ -41,3 +41,4 @@ harness = false
 
 [features]
 "enable-staging-api" = []
+disable-ui-tests = []
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/trybuild.rs b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/trybuild.rs
index b0a334eb7a224174dd56d2b70fdd86a5493c2d36..b13e5df9d6f858db1d92b360efb27fbd6db8e56f 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/trybuild.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/trybuild.rs
@@ -15,18 +15,20 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-use std::env;
-
 #[rustversion::attr(not(stable), ignore)]
+#[cfg(not(feature = "disable-ui-tests"))]
 #[test]
 fn ui() {
 	// Only run the ui tests when `RUN_UI_TESTS` is set.
-	if env::var("RUN_UI_TESTS").is_err() {
+	if std::env::var("RUN_UI_TESTS").is_err() {
 		return
 	}
 
 	// As trybuild is using `cargo check`, we don't need the real WASM binaries.
-	env::set_var("SKIP_WASM_BUILD", "1");
+	std::env::set_var("SKIP_WASM_BUILD", "1");
+
+	// Warnings are part of our UI.
+	std::env::set_var("RUSTFLAGS", "--deny warnings");
 
 	let t = trybuild::TestCases::new();
 	t.compile_fail("tests/ui/*.rs");
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/deprecation_info.stderr b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/deprecation_info.stderr
index 2466c3ea5d50962e2d53331542a4e350bc363ebe..78c687e876de9bc3902bf1edc9032100023739fd 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/deprecation_info.stderr
+++ b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/deprecation_info.stderr
@@ -12,6 +12,21 @@ error: Invalid deprecation attribute: missing `note`
 20 |         #[deprecated(unknown_kw = "test")]
    |         ^
 
+error: malformed `deprecated` attribute input
+  --> tests/ui/deprecation_info.rs:24:3
+   |
+24 |         #[deprecated = 5]
+   |         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+help: the following are the possible correct uses
+   |
+24 |         #[deprecated = "reason"]
+   |
+24 |         #[deprecated(/*opt*/ since = "version", /*opt*/ note = "reason")]
+   |
+24 |         #[deprecated]
+   |
+
 error[E0541]: unknown meta item 'unknown_kw'
   --> tests/ui/deprecation_info.rs:20:16
    |
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/impl_incorrect_method_signature.stderr b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/impl_incorrect_method_signature.stderr
index 535bbb178d5f961a629fe3a0e1951c49060f83a4..d625020fe4d3adf90581fc4f654e59920a427f31 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/impl_incorrect_method_signature.stderr
+++ b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/impl_incorrect_method_signature.stderr
@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@ error[E0053]: method `test` has an incompatible type for trait
   --> tests/ui/impl_incorrect_method_signature.rs:33:17
    |
 33 |         fn test(data: String) {}
-   |                       ^^^^^^
-   |                       |
-   |                       expected `u64`, found `std::string::String`
-   |                       help: change the parameter type to match the trait: `u64`
+   |                       ^^^^^^ expected `u64`, found `std::string::String`
    |
 note: type in trait
   --> tests/ui/impl_incorrect_method_signature.rs:27:17
@@ -34,6 +31,10 @@ note: type in trait
    |                       ^^^
    = note: expected signature `fn(u64)`
               found signature `fn(std::string::String)`
+help: change the parameter type to match the trait
+   |
+33 |         fn test(data: u64) {}
+   |                       ~~~
 
 error[E0308]: mismatched types
   --> tests/ui/impl_incorrect_method_signature.rs:33:11
@@ -53,3 +54,12 @@ note: associated function defined here
    |
 27 |         fn test(data: u64);
    |            ^^^^
+
+error: unused variable: `data`
+  --> tests/ui/impl_incorrect_method_signature.rs:33:11
+   |
+33 |         fn test(data: String) {}
+   |                 ^^^^ help: if this is intentional, prefix it with an underscore: `_data`
+   |
+   = note: `-D unused-variables` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: to override `-D warnings` add `#[allow(unused_variables)]`
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/mock_only_self_reference.stderr b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/mock_only_self_reference.stderr
index 8457557718771db27ae6c0b9ae7cf59f9e4a8e78..764a0bafaa4fb0e3334b9b344edee6a9cd011c2b 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/mock_only_self_reference.stderr
+++ b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/mock_only_self_reference.stderr
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ error[E0050]: method `test` has 2 parameters but the declaration in trait `Api::
 29 | / sp_api::mock_impl_runtime_apis! {
 30 | |     impl Api<Block> for MockApi {
 31 | |         fn test(self, data: u64) {}
-32 | |
-33 | |         fn test2(&mut self, data: u64) {}
+...  |
 34 | |     }
 35 | | }
    | |_^ expected 3 parameters, found 2
@@ -41,8 +40,7 @@ error[E0050]: method `test2` has 2 parameters but the declaration in trait `Api:
 29 | / sp_api::mock_impl_runtime_apis! {
 30 | |     impl Api<Block> for MockApi {
 31 | |         fn test(self, data: u64) {}
-32 | |
-33 | |         fn test2(&mut self, data: u64) {}
+...  |
 34 | |     }
 35 | | }
    | |_^ expected 3 parameters, found 2
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/type_reference_in_impl_runtime_apis_call.stderr b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/type_reference_in_impl_runtime_apis_call.stderr
index f4e0f3b0afb047c4c2c377c16daa38ec1238a67e..26be311c02fa4297c153cded586a3180fa23a589 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/type_reference_in_impl_runtime_apis_call.stderr
+++ b/substrate/primitives/api/test/tests/ui/type_reference_in_impl_runtime_apis_call.stderr
@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@ error[E0053]: method `test` has an incompatible type for trait
   --> tests/ui/type_reference_in_impl_runtime_apis_call.rs:33:17
    |
 33 |         fn test(data: &u64) {
-   |                       ^^^^
-   |                       |
-   |                       expected `u64`, found `&u64`
-   |                       help: change the parameter type to match the trait: `u64`
+   |                       ^^^^ expected `u64`, found `&u64`
    |
 note: type in trait
   --> tests/ui/type_reference_in_impl_runtime_apis_call.rs:27:17
@@ -34,6 +31,10 @@ note: type in trait
    |                       ^^^
    = note: expected signature `fn(_)`
               found signature `fn(&_)`
+help: change the parameter type to match the trait
+   |
+33 |         fn test(data: u64) {
+   |                       ~~~
 
 error[E0308]: mismatched types
   --> tests/ui/type_reference_in_impl_runtime_apis_call.rs:33:11
@@ -57,3 +58,12 @@ help: consider removing the borrow
    |
 33 |         fn test(data: &u64) {
    |
+
+error: unused variable: `data`
+  --> tests/ui/type_reference_in_impl_runtime_apis_call.rs:33:11
+   |
+33 |         fn test(data: &u64) {
+   |                 ^^^^ help: if this is intentional, prefix it with an underscore: `_data`
+   |
+   = note: `-D unused-variables` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: to override `-D warnings` add `#[allow(unused_variables)]`
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/Cargo.toml b/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/Cargo.toml
index 57ddab9a70ceacb430cdcf65fd2af1cfbc05ec77..13d80683c853da5db00efe896161158a2a06041a 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/Cargo.toml
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
 sp-keystore = { workspace = true }
 sp-weights = { workspace = true }
 strum = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { optional = true, workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 array-bytes = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -38,7 +37,6 @@ w3f-bls = { features = ["std"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
 default = ["std"]
 std = [
 	"codec/std",
-	"dep:lazy_static",
 	"scale-info/std",
 	"serde/std",
 	"sp-api/std",
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/src/payload.rs b/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/src/payload.rs
index d22255c384bc2f2a87c607e208ef10157ac1b405..9e792670fef5a70b58fa0e5a8a64dd066e5ed86f 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/src/payload.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/src/payload.rs
@@ -56,6 +56,16 @@ impl Payload {
 		Some(&self.0[index].1)
 	}
 
+	/// Returns all the raw payloads under given `id`.
+	pub fn get_all_raw<'a>(
+		&'a self,
+		id: &'a BeefyPayloadId,
+	) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Vec<u8>> + 'a {
+		self.0
+			.iter()
+			.filter_map(move |probe| if &probe.0 != id { return None } else { Some(&probe.1) })
+	}
+
 	/// Returns a decoded payload value under given `id`.
 	///
 	/// In case the value is not there, or it cannot be decoded `None` is returned.
@@ -63,6 +73,14 @@ impl Payload {
 		self.get_raw(id).and_then(|raw| T::decode(&mut &raw[..]).ok())
 	}
 
+	/// Returns all decoded payload values under given `id`.
+	pub fn get_all_decoded<'a, T: Decode>(
+		&'a self,
+		id: &'a BeefyPayloadId,
+	) -> impl Iterator<Item = Option<T>> + 'a {
+		self.get_all_raw(id).map(|raw| T::decode(&mut &raw[..]).ok())
+	}
+
 	/// Push a `Vec<u8>` with a given id into the payload vec.
 	/// This method will internally sort the payload vec after every push.
 	///
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/src/test_utils.rs b/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/src/test_utils.rs
index bd335ede489380541fe1b2c166d58f59e2a88614..4460bcefd45f92ad263e10128091a721e44080c1 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/src/test_utils.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/consensus/beefy/src/test_utils.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use sp_core::{ecdsa, Pair};
 use sp_runtime::traits::{BlockNumber, Hash, Header as HeaderT};
 
 use codec::Encode;
-use std::{collections::HashMap, marker::PhantomData};
+use std::{collections::HashMap, marker::PhantomData, sync::LazyLock};
 use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
 
 /// Set of test accounts using [`crate::ecdsa_crypto`] types.
@@ -111,12 +111,15 @@ where
 	}
 }
 
-lazy_static::lazy_static! {
-	static ref PRIVATE_KEYS: HashMap<Keyring<ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId>, ecdsa_crypto::Pair> =
-		Keyring::iter().map(|i| (i.clone(), i.pair())).collect();
-	static ref PUBLIC_KEYS: HashMap<Keyring<ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId>, ecdsa_crypto::Public> =
-		PRIVATE_KEYS.iter().map(|(name, pair)| (name.clone(), sp_application_crypto::Pair::public(pair))).collect();
-}
+static PRIVATE_KEYS: LazyLock<HashMap<Keyring<ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId>, ecdsa_crypto::Pair>> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| Keyring::iter().map(|i| (i.clone(), i.pair())).collect());
+static PUBLIC_KEYS: LazyLock<HashMap<Keyring<ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId>, ecdsa_crypto::Public>> =
+	LazyLock::new(|| {
+		PRIVATE_KEYS
+			.iter()
+			.map(|(name, pair)| (name.clone(), sp_application_crypto::Pair::public(pair)))
+			.collect()
+	});
 
 impl From<Keyring<ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId>> for ecdsa_crypto::Pair {
 	fn from(k: Keyring<ecdsa_crypto::AuthorityId>) -> Self {
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/core/Cargo.toml b/substrate/primitives/core/Cargo.toml
index 51cbfa3bdfbe24210ee7d2805f52f928e73df54a..f6bc17bccacaf48354ad43dcd327c2577a35ad66 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/core/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/primitives/core/Cargo.toml
@@ -26,10 +26,14 @@ impl-serde = { optional = true, workspace = true }
 hash-db = { workspace = true }
 hash256-std-hasher = { workspace = true }
 bs58 = { optional = true, workspace = true }
-rand = { features = ["small_rng"], optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
+rand = { features = [
+	"small_rng",
+], optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 substrate-bip39 = { workspace = true }
 # personal fork here as workaround for: https://github.com/rust-bitcoin/rust-bip39/pull/64
-bip39 = { package = "parity-bip39", version = "2.0.1", default-features = false, features = ["alloc"] }
+bip39 = { package = "parity-bip39", version = "2.0.1", default-features = false, features = [
+	"alloc",
+] }
 zeroize = { workspace = true }
 secrecy = { features = ["alloc"], workspace = true }
 parking_lot = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -58,17 +62,21 @@ sp-runtime-interface = { workspace = true }
 # k256 crate, better portability, intended to be used in substrate-runtimes (no-std)
 k256 = { features = ["alloc", "ecdsa"], workspace = true }
 # secp256k1 crate, better performance, intended to be used on host side (std)
-secp256k1 = { features = ["alloc", "recovery"], optional = true, workspace = true }
+secp256k1 = { features = [
+	"alloc",
+	"recovery",
+], optional = true, workspace = true }
 
 # bls crypto
 w3f-bls = { optional = true, workspace = true }
 # bandersnatch crypto
-bandersnatch_vrfs = { git = "https://github.com/w3f/ring-vrf", rev = "0fef826", default-features = false, features = ["substrate-curves"], optional = true }
+bandersnatch_vrfs = { git = "https://github.com/w3f/ring-vrf", rev = "0fef826", default-features = false, features = [
+	"substrate-curves",
+], optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 criterion = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 regex = { workspace = true }
 
 [[bench]]
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/core/fuzz/Cargo.toml b/substrate/primitives/core/fuzz/Cargo.toml
index 46dfe8d483b7468b06d3dccb5494e6c6ec8cefe0..b6ef395adf9ac9a9a2a44cb1aa208eb736049fe8 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/core/fuzz/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/primitives/core/fuzz/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ workspace = true
 cargo-fuzz = true
 
 [dependencies]
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 libfuzzer-sys = { workspace = true }
 regex = { workspace = true }
 
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/core/fuzz/fuzz_targets/fuzz_address_uri.rs b/substrate/primitives/core/fuzz/fuzz_targets/fuzz_address_uri.rs
index e2d9e2fc8b0822ae9d984683cdaaf71a97bd7c2e..ac84faf2d8986e47c713cf445ed11cf6b93480ea 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/core/fuzz/fuzz_targets/fuzz_address_uri.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/core/fuzz/fuzz_targets/fuzz_address_uri.rs
@@ -24,11 +24,12 @@ extern crate sp_core;
 use libfuzzer_sys::fuzz_target;
 use regex::Regex;
 use sp_core::crypto::AddressUri;
+use std::sync::LazyLock;
 
-lazy_static::lazy_static! {
-	static ref SECRET_PHRASE_REGEX: Regex = Regex::new(r"^(?P<phrase>[a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)?(?P<path>(//?[^/]+)*)(///(?P<password>.*))?$")
-		.expect("constructed from known-good static value; qed");
-}
+static SECRET_PHRASE_REGEX: LazyLock<Regex> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+	Regex::new(r"^(?P<phrase>[a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)?(?P<path>(//?[^/]+)*)(///(?P<password>.*))?$")
+		.expect("constructed from known-good static value; qed")
+});
 
 fuzz_target!(|input: &str| {
 	let regex_result = SECRET_PHRASE_REGEX.captures(input);
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/core/src/address_uri.rs b/substrate/primitives/core/src/address_uri.rs
index bbe31b7553bd2b2304384934bdf9ee1928d63aa1..4877250cf3acd619b5ddee15768bdff83501cf56 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/core/src/address_uri.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/core/src/address_uri.rs
@@ -196,11 +196,12 @@ impl<'a> AddressUri<'a> {
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 	use regex::Regex;
+	use std::sync::LazyLock;
 
-	lazy_static::lazy_static! {
-		static ref SECRET_PHRASE_REGEX: Regex = Regex::new(r"^(?P<phrase>[a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)?(?P<path>(//?[^/]+)*)(///(?P<password>.*))?$")
-			.expect("constructed from known-good static value; qed");
-	}
+	static SECRET_PHRASE_REGEX: LazyLock<Regex> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+		Regex::new(r"^(?P<phrase>[a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)?(?P<path>(//?[^/]+)*)(///(?P<password>.*))?$")
+			.expect("constructed from known-good static value; qed")
+	});
 
 	fn check_with_regex(input: &str) {
 		let regex_result = SECRET_PHRASE_REGEX.captures(input);
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/core/src/crypto.rs b/substrate/primitives/core/src/crypto.rs
index fd7fe776720400ba3e4ad9fa1859ca5dc168a8bb..b04d94e2bf40ddce312ef923b36063defb26ba69 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/core/src/crypto.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/core/src/crypto.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 //! Cryptographic utilities.
 
 use crate::{ed25519, sr25519};
+use alloc::{format, str, vec::Vec};
 #[cfg(all(not(feature = "std"), feature = "serde"))]
-use alloc::{format, string::String, vec};
-use alloc::{str, vec::Vec};
+use alloc::{string::String, vec};
 use bip39::{Language, Mnemonic};
 use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
 use core::hash::Hash;
@@ -419,6 +419,17 @@ pub fn set_default_ss58_version(new_default: Ss58AddressFormat) {
 	DEFAULT_VERSION.store(new_default.into(), core::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
 }
 
+/// Interprets the string `s` in order to generate a public key without password.
+///
+/// Function will panic when invalid string is provided.
+pub fn get_public_from_string_or_panic<TPublic: Public>(
+	s: &str,
+) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
+	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", s), None)
+		.expect("Function expects valid argument; qed")
+		.public()
+}
+
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 impl<T: Sized + AsMut<[u8]> + AsRef<[u8]> + Public + Derive> Ss58Codec for T {
 	fn from_string(s: &str) -> Result<Self, PublicError> {
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/bandersnatch.rs b/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/bandersnatch.rs
index 67fc5c47df643ee4b45b8ebbb99089abdb466d96..64d3c314124d50d73a50f4c6604501781c777e8a 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/bandersnatch.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/bandersnatch.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 //! A set of well-known keys used for testing.
 
 pub use sp_core::bandersnatch;
+
+use crate::ParseKeyringError;
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use sp_core::bandersnatch::Signature;
 use sp_core::{
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ use sp_core::{
 };
 
 extern crate alloc;
-use alloc::{fmt, format, str::FromStr, string::String, vec::Vec};
+use alloc::{format, str::FromStr, string::String, vec::Vec};
 
 /// Set of test accounts.
 #[derive(
@@ -107,15 +109,6 @@ impl From<Keyring> for &'static str {
 	}
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct ParseKeyringError;
-
-impl fmt::Display for ParseKeyringError {
-	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-		write!(f, "ParseKeyringError")
-	}
-}
-
 impl FromStr for Keyring {
 	type Err = ParseKeyringError;
 
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/ed25519.rs b/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/ed25519.rs
index 98ca368e53caac26ae690b76500475b1749a07b1..235b5d5c9931cf71078cc3de2605206a59211c3f 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/ed25519.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/ed25519.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 //! Support code for the runtime. A set of test accounts.
 
 pub use sp_core::ed25519;
+
+use crate::ParseKeyringError;
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use sp_core::ed25519::Signature;
 use sp_core::{
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ use sp_core::{
 use sp_runtime::AccountId32;
 
 extern crate alloc;
-use alloc::{format, string::String, vec::Vec};
+use alloc::{format, str::FromStr, string::String, vec::Vec};
 
 /// Set of test accounts.
 #[derive(
@@ -105,6 +107,14 @@ impl Keyring {
 	pub fn to_seed(self) -> String {
 		format!("//{}", self)
 	}
+
+	pub fn well_known() -> impl Iterator<Item = Keyring> {
+		Self::iter().take(12)
+	}
+
+	pub fn invulnerable() -> impl Iterator<Item = Keyring> {
+		Self::iter().take(6)
+	}
 }
 
 impl From<Keyring> for &'static str {
@@ -134,6 +144,30 @@ impl From<Keyring> for sp_runtime::MultiSigner {
 	}
 }
 
+impl FromStr for Keyring {
+	type Err = ParseKeyringError;
+
+	fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, <Self as FromStr>::Err> {
+		match s {
+			"Alice" | "alice" => Ok(Keyring::Alice),
+			"Bob" | "bob" => Ok(Keyring::Bob),
+			"Charlie" | "charlie" => Ok(Keyring::Charlie),
+			"Dave" | "dave" => Ok(Keyring::Dave),
+			"Eve" | "eve" => Ok(Keyring::Eve),
+			"Ferdie" | "ferdie" => Ok(Keyring::Ferdie),
+			"Alice//stash" | "alice//stash" => Ok(Keyring::AliceStash),
+			"Bob//stash" | "bob//stash" => Ok(Keyring::BobStash),
+			"Charlie//stash" | "charlie//stash" => Ok(Keyring::CharlieStash),
+			"Dave//stash" | "dave//stash" => Ok(Keyring::DaveStash),
+			"Eve//stash" | "eve//stash" => Ok(Keyring::EveStash),
+			"Ferdie//stash" | "ferdie//stash" => Ok(Keyring::FerdieStash),
+			"One" | "one" => Ok(Keyring::One),
+			"Two" | "two" => Ok(Keyring::Two),
+			_ => Err(ParseKeyringError),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 impl From<Keyring> for Public {
 	fn from(k: Keyring) -> Self {
 		Public::from_raw(k.into())
@@ -221,4 +255,40 @@ mod tests {
 	fn verify_static_public_keys() {
 		assert!(Keyring::iter().all(|k| { k.pair().public().as_ref() == <[u8; 32]>::from(k) }));
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn verify_well_known() {
+		assert_eq!(
+			Keyring::well_known().collect::<Vec<Keyring>>(),
+			vec![
+				Keyring::Alice,
+				Keyring::Bob,
+				Keyring::Charlie,
+				Keyring::Dave,
+				Keyring::Eve,
+				Keyring::Ferdie,
+				Keyring::AliceStash,
+				Keyring::BobStash,
+				Keyring::CharlieStash,
+				Keyring::DaveStash,
+				Keyring::EveStash,
+				Keyring::FerdieStash
+			]
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn verify_invulnerable() {
+		assert_eq!(
+			Keyring::invulnerable().collect::<Vec<Keyring>>(),
+			vec![
+				Keyring::Alice,
+				Keyring::Bob,
+				Keyring::Charlie,
+				Keyring::Dave,
+				Keyring::Eve,
+				Keyring::Ferdie
+			]
+		);
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/lib.rs b/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/lib.rs
index f753bf4b0dd684d0aa292eeca1f97ad9f5cafdda..008c01b150f00fd0215d5db01064474303fb4655 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/lib.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@
 
 #![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
 
+extern crate alloc;
+use alloc::fmt;
+
 /// Test account crypto for sr25519.
 pub mod sr25519;
 
@@ -42,3 +45,13 @@ pub mod test {
 	/// The keyring for use with accounts when using the test runtime.
 	pub use super::ed25519::Keyring as AccountKeyring;
 }
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+/// Represents an error that occurs when parsing a string into a `KeyRing`.
+pub struct ParseKeyringError;
+
+impl fmt::Display for ParseKeyringError {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+		write!(f, "ParseKeyringError")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/sr25519.rs b/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/sr25519.rs
index a3a506152d7d6f0b76b366a930860e39f3f8fae0..5ff9056566bc7dca7981878f1724c97f9e0bdc15 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/sr25519.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/keyring/src/sr25519.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 //! Support code for the runtime. A set of test accounts.
 
 pub use sp_core::sr25519;
+
+use crate::ParseKeyringError;
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use sp_core::sr25519::Signature;
 use sp_core::{
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ use sp_core::{
 use sp_runtime::AccountId32;
 
 extern crate alloc;
-use alloc::{fmt, format, str::FromStr, string::String, vec::Vec};
+use alloc::{format, str::FromStr, string::String, vec::Vec};
 
 /// Set of test accounts.
 #[derive(
@@ -116,6 +118,14 @@ impl Keyring {
 	pub fn numeric_id(idx: usize) -> AccountId32 {
 		(*Self::numeric(idx).public().as_array_ref()).into()
 	}
+
+	pub fn well_known() -> impl Iterator<Item = Keyring> {
+		Self::iter().take(12)
+	}
+
+	pub fn invulnerable() -> impl Iterator<Item = Keyring> {
+		Self::iter().take(6)
+	}
 }
 
 impl From<Keyring> for &'static str {
@@ -145,28 +155,25 @@ impl From<Keyring> for sp_runtime::MultiSigner {
 	}
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct ParseKeyringError;
-
-impl fmt::Display for ParseKeyringError {
-	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-		write!(f, "ParseKeyringError")
-	}
-}
-
 impl FromStr for Keyring {
 	type Err = ParseKeyringError;
 
 	fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, <Self as FromStr>::Err> {
 		match s {
-			"alice" => Ok(Keyring::Alice),
-			"bob" => Ok(Keyring::Bob),
-			"charlie" => Ok(Keyring::Charlie),
-			"dave" => Ok(Keyring::Dave),
-			"eve" => Ok(Keyring::Eve),
-			"ferdie" => Ok(Keyring::Ferdie),
-			"one" => Ok(Keyring::One),
-			"two" => Ok(Keyring::Two),
+			"Alice" | "alice" => Ok(Keyring::Alice),
+			"Bob" | "bob" => Ok(Keyring::Bob),
+			"Charlie" | "charlie" => Ok(Keyring::Charlie),
+			"Dave" | "dave" => Ok(Keyring::Dave),
+			"Eve" | "eve" => Ok(Keyring::Eve),
+			"Ferdie" | "ferdie" => Ok(Keyring::Ferdie),
+			"Alice//stash" | "alice//stash" => Ok(Keyring::AliceStash),
+			"Bob//stash" | "bob//stash" => Ok(Keyring::BobStash),
+			"Charlie//stash" | "charlie//stash" => Ok(Keyring::CharlieStash),
+			"Dave//stash" | "dave//stash" => Ok(Keyring::DaveStash),
+			"Eve//stash" | "eve//stash" => Ok(Keyring::EveStash),
+			"Ferdie//stash" | "ferdie//stash" => Ok(Keyring::FerdieStash),
+			"One" | "one" => Ok(Keyring::One),
+			"Two" | "two" => Ok(Keyring::Two),
 			_ => Err(ParseKeyringError),
 		}
 	}
@@ -254,8 +261,45 @@ mod tests {
 			&Keyring::Bob.public(),
 		));
 	}
+
 	#[test]
 	fn verify_static_public_keys() {
 		assert!(Keyring::iter().all(|k| { k.pair().public().as_ref() == <[u8; 32]>::from(k) }));
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn verify_well_known() {
+		assert_eq!(
+			Keyring::well_known().collect::<Vec<Keyring>>(),
+			vec![
+				Keyring::Alice,
+				Keyring::Bob,
+				Keyring::Charlie,
+				Keyring::Dave,
+				Keyring::Eve,
+				Keyring::Ferdie,
+				Keyring::AliceStash,
+				Keyring::BobStash,
+				Keyring::CharlieStash,
+				Keyring::DaveStash,
+				Keyring::EveStash,
+				Keyring::FerdieStash
+			]
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn verify_invulnerable() {
+		assert_eq!(
+			Keyring::invulnerable().collect::<Vec<Keyring>>(),
+			vec![
+				Keyring::Alice,
+				Keyring::Bob,
+				Keyring::Charlie,
+				Keyring::Dave,
+				Keyring::Eve,
+				Keyring::Ferdie
+			]
+		);
+	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/metadata-ir/src/types.rs b/substrate/primitives/metadata-ir/src/types.rs
index 4ebe8c25a6757e8877e5a01ae21b789265c6cf37..da4f5d7f3711cdf6b85773daa0b90469129b0d49 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/metadata-ir/src/types.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/metadata-ir/src/types.rs
@@ -133,6 +133,8 @@ pub struct PalletMetadataIR<T: Form = MetaForm> {
 	pub constants: Vec<PalletConstantMetadataIR<T>>,
 	/// Pallet error metadata.
 	pub error: Option<PalletErrorMetadataIR<T>>,
+	/// Config's trait associated types.
+	pub associated_types: Vec<PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR<T>>,
 	/// Define the index of the pallet, this index will be used for the encoding of pallet event,
 	/// call and origin variants.
 	pub index: u8,
@@ -153,6 +155,7 @@ impl IntoPortable for PalletMetadataIR {
 			event: self.event.map(|event| event.into_portable(registry)),
 			constants: registry.map_into_portable(self.constants),
 			error: self.error.map(|error| error.into_portable(registry)),
+			associated_types: registry.map_into_portable(self.associated_types),
 			index: self.index,
 			docs: registry.map_into_portable(self.docs),
 			deprecation_info: self.deprecation_info.into_portable(registry),
@@ -197,6 +200,29 @@ impl IntoPortable for ExtrinsicMetadataIR {
 	}
 }
 
+/// Metadata of a pallet's associated type.
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Encode, Debug)]
+pub struct PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR<T: Form = MetaForm> {
+	/// The name of the associated type.
+	pub name: T::String,
+	/// The type of the associated type.
+	pub ty: T::Type,
+	/// The documentation of the associated type.
+	pub docs: Vec<T::String>,
+}
+
+impl IntoPortable for PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+	type Output = PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR<PortableForm>;
+
+	fn into_portable(self, registry: &mut Registry) -> Self::Output {
+		PalletAssociatedTypeMetadataIR {
+			name: self.name.into_portable(registry),
+			ty: registry.register_type(&self.ty),
+			docs: registry.map_into_portable(self.docs),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 /// Metadata of an extrinsic's signed extension.
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Encode, Debug)]
 pub struct SignedExtensionMetadataIR<T: Form = MetaForm> {
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/panic-handler/Cargo.toml b/substrate/primitives/panic-handler/Cargo.toml
index 395e788eb244e9a9ae3114bc04d35f184c2f7f3a..012fe08f7cd533416bd46f31bb06c45122b51ba6 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/panic-handler/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/primitives/panic-handler/Cargo.toml
@@ -18,5 +18,4 @@ targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
 
 [dependencies]
 backtrace = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 regex = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/panic-handler/src/lib.rs b/substrate/primitives/panic-handler/src/lib.rs
index e2a9bfa195a6672d13c472b115b3ca4ed4348325..c4a7eb8dc67c7cf8e4defcb5f60746a16d04cc40 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/panic-handler/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/panic-handler/src/lib.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ use std::{
 	io::{self, Write},
 	marker::PhantomData,
 	panic::{self, PanicInfo},
+	sync::LazyLock,
 	thread,
 };
 
@@ -128,8 +129,9 @@ impl Drop for AbortGuard {
 
 // NOTE: When making any changes here make sure to also change this function in `sc-tracing`.
 fn strip_control_codes(input: &str) -> std::borrow::Cow<str> {
-	lazy_static::lazy_static! {
-		static ref RE: Regex = Regex::new(r#"(?x)
+	static RE: LazyLock<Regex> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+		Regex::new(
+			r#"(?x)
 			\x1b\[[^m]+m|        # VT100 escape codes
 			[
 			  \x00-\x09\x0B-\x1F # ASCII control codes / Unicode C0 control codes, except \n
@@ -138,8 +140,10 @@ fn strip_control_codes(input: &str) -> std::borrow::Cow<str> {
 			  \u{202A}-\u{202E}  # Unicode left-to-right / right-to-left control characters
 			  \u{2066}-\u{2069}  # Same as above
 			]
-		"#).expect("regex parsing doesn't fail; qed");
-	}
+		"#,
+		)
+		.expect("regex parsing doesn't fail; qed")
+	});
 
 	RE.replace_all(input, "")
 }
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/tests/ui.rs b/substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/tests/ui.rs
index 821d0b73f268b02ea801247c1ce27520d40150d8..408ddbc981ee95541b72a784ed4f4c5a5d8831f8 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/tests/ui.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/tests/ui.rs
@@ -15,18 +15,16 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-use std::env;
-
 #[rustversion::attr(not(stable), ignore)]
 #[test]
 fn ui() {
 	// Only run the ui tests when `RUN_UI_TESTS` is set.
-	if env::var("RUN_UI_TESTS").is_err() {
+	if std::env::var("RUN_UI_TESTS").is_err() {
 		return
 	}
 
 	// As trybuild is using `cargo check`, we don't need the real WASM binaries.
-	env::set_var("SKIP_WASM_BUILD", "1");
+	std::env::set_var("SKIP_WASM_BUILD", "1");
 
 	let t = trybuild::TestCases::new();
 	t.compile_fail("tests/ui/*.rs");
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.stderr b/substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.stderr
index 10012ede793dee015a10279257a9d640096de0c8..1c1649d011e686d9d30166cf0461add1bbb94006 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.stderr
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime-interface/tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.stderr
@@ -9,9 +9,41 @@ note: found an item that was configured out
    |
 25 |     fn bar() {}
    |        ^^^
-   = note: the item is gated behind the `bar-feature` feature
+note: the item is gated behind the `bar-feature` feature
+  --> tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.rs:24:8
+   |
+24 |     #[cfg(feature = "bar-feature")]
+   |           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 note: found an item that was configured out
   --> tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.rs:25:5
    |
 25 |     fn bar() {}
    |        ^^^
+note: the item is gated here
+  --> tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.rs:20:1
+   |
+20 | #[runtime_interface]
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: this error originates in the attribute macro `runtime_interface` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error: unexpected `cfg` condition value: `bar-feature`
+  --> tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.rs:24:8
+   |
+24 |     #[cfg(feature = "bar-feature")]
+   |           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: expected values for `feature` are: `default`, `disable_target_static_assertions`, and `std`
+   = help: consider adding `bar-feature` as a feature in `Cargo.toml`
+   = note: see <https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/check-cfg/cargo-specifics.html> for more information about checking conditional configuration
+   = note: `-D unexpected-cfgs` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: to override `-D warnings` add `#[allow(unexpected_cfgs)]`
+
+error: unexpected `cfg` condition value: `bar-feature`
+  --> tests/ui/no_feature_gated_method.rs:27:12
+   |
+27 |     #[cfg(not(feature = "bar-feature"))]
+   |               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: expected values for `feature` are: `default`, `disable_target_static_assertions`, and `std`
+   = help: consider adding `bar-feature` as a feature in `Cargo.toml`
+   = note: see <https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/check-cfg/cargo-specifics.html> for more information about checking conditional configuration
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime/Cargo.toml b/substrate/primitives/runtime/Cargo.toml
index 800bf4bd073741afc1794a3b6c4bbc66678230da..c3413775b1cc25b5c0f6bcf4a57cb32b234b415c 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/runtime/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime/Cargo.toml
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ sp-trie = { workspace = true }
 sp-weights = { workspace = true }
 docify = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true, features = ["log"], default-features = false }
+binary-merkle-tree = { workspace = true }
 
 simple-mermaid = { version = "0.1.1", optional = true }
 
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ runtime-benchmarks = []
 try-runtime = []
 default = ["std"]
 std = [
+	"binary-merkle-tree/std",
 	"codec/std",
 	"either/use_std",
 	"hash256-std-hasher/std",
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie.rs b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 9a423f18284fd91c3eb5eb711edb48ec9f8bb77f..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-// This file is part of Substrate.
-
-// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-//! Types for a compact base-16 merkle trie used for checking and generating proofs within the
-//! runtime. The `sp-trie` crate exposes all of these same functionality (and more), but this
-//! library is designed to work more easily with runtime native types, which simply need to
-//! implement `Encode`/`Decode`. It also exposes a runtime friendly `TrieError` type which can be
-//! use inside of a FRAME Pallet.
-//!
-//! Proofs are created with latest substrate trie format (`LayoutV1`), and are not compatible with
-//! proofs using `LayoutV0`.
-
-use crate::{Decode, DispatchError, Encode, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo};
-#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
-use crate::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-
-use sp_std::vec::Vec;
-use sp_trie::{
-	trie_types::{TrieDBBuilder, TrieDBMutBuilderV1, TrieError as SpTrieError},
-	LayoutV1, MemoryDB, Trie, TrieMut, VerifyError,
-};
-
-type HashOf<Hashing> = <Hashing as sp_core::Hasher>::Out;
-
-/// A runtime friendly error type for tries.
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Clone, Copy, Encode, Decode, Debug, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen)]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
-pub enum TrieError {
-	/* From TrieError */
-	/// Attempted to create a trie with a state root not in the DB.
-	InvalidStateRoot,
-	/// Trie item not found in the database,
-	IncompleteDatabase,
-	/// A value was found in the trie with a nibble key that was not byte-aligned.
-	ValueAtIncompleteKey,
-	/// Corrupt Trie item.
-	DecoderError,
-	/// Hash is not value.
-	InvalidHash,
-	/* From VerifyError */
-	/// The statement being verified contains multiple key-value pairs with the same key.
-	DuplicateKey,
-	/// The proof contains at least one extraneous node.
-	ExtraneousNode,
-	/// The proof contains at least one extraneous value which should have been omitted from the
-	/// proof.
-	ExtraneousValue,
-	/// The proof contains at least one extraneous hash reference the should have been omitted.
-	ExtraneousHashReference,
-	/// The proof contains an invalid child reference that exceeds the hash length.
-	InvalidChildReference,
-	/// The proof indicates that an expected value was not found in the trie.
-	ValueMismatch,
-	/// The proof is missing trie nodes required to verify.
-	IncompleteProof,
-	/// The root hash computed from the proof is incorrect.
-	RootMismatch,
-	/// One of the proof nodes could not be decoded.
-	DecodeError,
-}
-
-impl<T> From<SpTrieError<T>> for TrieError {
-	fn from(error: SpTrieError<T>) -> Self {
-		match error {
-			SpTrieError::InvalidStateRoot(..) => Self::InvalidStateRoot,
-			SpTrieError::IncompleteDatabase(..) => Self::IncompleteDatabase,
-			SpTrieError::ValueAtIncompleteKey(..) => Self::ValueAtIncompleteKey,
-			SpTrieError::DecoderError(..) => Self::DecoderError,
-			SpTrieError::InvalidHash(..) => Self::InvalidHash,
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl<T, U> From<VerifyError<T, U>> for TrieError {
-	fn from(error: VerifyError<T, U>) -> Self {
-		match error {
-			VerifyError::DuplicateKey(..) => Self::DuplicateKey,
-			VerifyError::ExtraneousNode => Self::ExtraneousNode,
-			VerifyError::ExtraneousValue(..) => Self::ExtraneousValue,
-			VerifyError::ExtraneousHashReference(..) => Self::ExtraneousHashReference,
-			VerifyError::InvalidChildReference(..) => Self::InvalidChildReference,
-			VerifyError::ValueMismatch(..) => Self::ValueMismatch,
-			VerifyError::IncompleteProof => Self::IncompleteProof,
-			VerifyError::RootMismatch(..) => Self::RootMismatch,
-			VerifyError::DecodeError(..) => Self::DecodeError,
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl From<TrieError> for &'static str {
-	fn from(e: TrieError) -> &'static str {
-		match e {
-			TrieError::InvalidStateRoot => "The state root is not in the database.",
-			TrieError::IncompleteDatabase => "A trie item was not found in the database.",
-			TrieError::ValueAtIncompleteKey =>
-				"A value was found with a key that is not byte-aligned.",
-			TrieError::DecoderError => "A corrupt trie item was encountered.",
-			TrieError::InvalidHash => "The hash does not match the expected value.",
-			TrieError::DuplicateKey => "The proof contains duplicate keys.",
-			TrieError::ExtraneousNode => "The proof contains extraneous nodes.",
-			TrieError::ExtraneousValue => "The proof contains extraneous values.",
-			TrieError::ExtraneousHashReference => "The proof contains extraneous hash references.",
-			TrieError::InvalidChildReference => "The proof contains an invalid child reference.",
-			TrieError::ValueMismatch => "The proof indicates a value mismatch.",
-			TrieError::IncompleteProof => "The proof is incomplete.",
-			TrieError::RootMismatch => "The root hash computed from the proof is incorrect.",
-			TrieError::DecodeError => "One of the proof nodes could not be decoded.",
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/// A helper structure for building a basic base-16 merkle trie and creating compact proofs for that
-/// trie. Proofs are created with latest substrate trie format (`LayoutV1`), and are not compatible
-/// with proofs using `LayoutV0`.
-pub struct BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
-where
-	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
-{
-	db: MemoryDB<Hashing>,
-	root: HashOf<Hashing>,
-	_phantom: core::marker::PhantomData<(Key, Value)>,
-}
-
-impl<Hashing, Key, Value> BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
-where
-	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
-	Key: Encode,
-	Value: Encode,
-{
-	/// Create a new instance of a `ProvingTrie` using an iterator of key/value pairs.
-	pub fn generate_for<I>(items: I) -> Result<Self, DispatchError>
-	where
-		I: IntoIterator<Item = (Key, Value)>,
-	{
-		let mut db = MemoryDB::default();
-		let mut root = Default::default();
-
-		{
-			let mut trie = TrieDBMutBuilderV1::new(&mut db, &mut root).build();
-			for (key, value) in items.into_iter() {
-				key.using_encoded(|k| value.using_encoded(|v| trie.insert(k, v)))
-					.map_err(|_| "failed to insert into trie")?;
-			}
-		}
-
-		Ok(Self { db, root, _phantom: Default::default() })
-	}
-
-	/// Access the underlying trie root.
-	pub fn root(&self) -> &HashOf<Hashing> {
-		&self.root
-	}
-
-	/// Query a value contained within the current trie. Returns `None` if the
-	/// nodes within the current `MemoryDB` are insufficient to query the item.
-	pub fn query(&self, key: Key) -> Option<Value>
-	where
-		Value: Decode,
-	{
-		let trie = TrieDBBuilder::new(&self.db, &self.root).build();
-		key.using_encoded(|s| trie.get(s))
-			.ok()?
-			.and_then(|raw| Value::decode(&mut &*raw).ok())
-	}
-
-	/// Create a compact merkle proof needed to prove all `keys` and their values are in the trie.
-	/// Returns `None` if the nodes within the current `MemoryDB` are insufficient to create a
-	/// proof.
-	///
-	/// This function makes a proof with latest substrate trie format (`LayoutV1`), and is not
-	/// compatible with `LayoutV0`.
-	///
-	/// When verifying the proof created by this function, you must include all of the keys and
-	/// values of the proof, else the verifier will complain that extra nodes are provided in the
-	/// proof that are not needed.
-	pub fn create_proof(&self, keys: &[Key]) -> Result<Vec<Vec<u8>>, DispatchError> {
-		sp_trie::generate_trie_proof::<LayoutV1<Hashing>, _, _, _>(
-			&self.db,
-			self.root,
-			&keys.into_iter().map(|k| k.encode()).collect::<Vec<Vec<u8>>>(),
-		)
-		.map_err(|err| TrieError::from(*err).into())
-	}
-
-	/// Create a compact merkle proof needed to prove a single key and its value are in the trie.
-	/// Returns `None` if the nodes within the current `MemoryDB` are insufficient to create a
-	/// proof.
-	///
-	/// This function makes a proof with latest substrate trie format (`LayoutV1`), and is not
-	/// compatible with `LayoutV0`.
-	pub fn create_single_value_proof(&self, key: Key) -> Result<Vec<Vec<u8>>, DispatchError> {
-		self.create_proof(&[key])
-	}
-}
-
-/// Verify the existence or non-existence of `key` and `value` in a given trie root and proof.
-///
-/// Proofs must be created with latest substrate trie format (`LayoutV1`).
-pub fn verify_single_value_proof<Hashing, Key, Value>(
-	root: HashOf<Hashing>,
-	proof: &[Vec<u8>],
-	key: Key,
-	maybe_value: Option<Value>,
-) -> Result<(), DispatchError>
-where
-	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
-	Key: Encode,
-	Value: Encode,
-{
-	sp_trie::verify_trie_proof::<LayoutV1<Hashing>, _, _, _>(
-		&root,
-		proof,
-		&[(key.encode(), maybe_value.map(|value| value.encode()))],
-	)
-	.map_err(|err| TrieError::from(err).into())
-}
-
-/// Verify the existence or non-existence of multiple `items` in a given trie root and proof.
-///
-/// Proofs must be created with latest substrate trie format (`LayoutV1`).
-pub fn verify_proof<Hashing, Key, Value>(
-	root: HashOf<Hashing>,
-	proof: &[Vec<u8>],
-	items: &[(Key, Option<Value>)],
-) -> Result<(), DispatchError>
-where
-	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
-	Key: Encode,
-	Value: Encode,
-{
-	let items_encoded = items
-		.into_iter()
-		.map(|(key, maybe_value)| (key.encode(), maybe_value.as_ref().map(|value| value.encode())))
-		.collect::<Vec<(Vec<u8>, Option<Vec<u8>>)>>();
-
-	sp_trie::verify_trie_proof::<LayoutV1<Hashing>, _, _, _>(&root, proof, &items_encoded)
-		.map_err(|err| TrieError::from(err).into())
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-	use super::*;
-	use crate::traits::BlakeTwo256;
-	use sp_core::H256;
-	use sp_std::collections::btree_map::BTreeMap;
-
-	// A trie which simulates a trie of accounts (u32) and balances (u128).
-	type BalanceTrie = BasicProvingTrie<BlakeTwo256, u32, u128>;
-
-	// The expected root hash for an empty trie.
-	fn empty_root() -> H256 {
-		sp_trie::empty_trie_root::<LayoutV1<BlakeTwo256>>()
-	}
-
-	fn create_balance_trie() -> BalanceTrie {
-		// Create a map of users and their balances.
-		let mut map = BTreeMap::<u32, u128>::new();
-		for i in 0..100u32 {
-			map.insert(i, i.into());
-		}
-
-		// Put items into the trie.
-		let balance_trie = BalanceTrie::generate_for(map).unwrap();
-
-		// Root is changed.
-		let root = *balance_trie.root();
-		assert!(root != empty_root());
-
-		// Assert valid keys are queryable.
-		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(6u32), Some(6u128));
-		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(9u32), Some(9u128));
-		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(69u32), Some(69u128));
-		// Invalid key returns none.
-		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(6969u32), None);
-
-		balance_trie
-	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn empty_trie_works() {
-		let empty_trie = BalanceTrie::generate_for(Vec::new()).unwrap();
-		assert_eq!(*empty_trie.root(), empty_root());
-	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn basic_end_to_end_single_value() {
-		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
-		let root = *balance_trie.root();
-
-		// Create a proof for a valid key.
-		let proof = balance_trie.create_single_value_proof(6u32).unwrap();
-
-		// Assert key is provable, all other keys are invalid.
-		for i in 0..200u32 {
-			if i == 6 {
-				assert_eq!(
-					verify_single_value_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(
-						root,
-						&proof,
-						i,
-						Some(u128::from(i))
-					),
-					Ok(())
-				);
-				// Wrong value is invalid.
-				assert_eq!(
-					verify_single_value_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(
-						root,
-						&proof,
-						i,
-						Some(u128::from(i + 1))
-					),
-					Err(TrieError::RootMismatch.into())
-				);
-			} else {
-				assert!(verify_single_value_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(
-					root,
-					&proof,
-					i,
-					Some(u128::from(i))
-				)
-				.is_err());
-				assert!(verify_single_value_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(
-					root,
-					&proof,
-					i,
-					None::<u128>
-				)
-				.is_err());
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn basic_end_to_end_multi_value() {
-		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
-		let root = *balance_trie.root();
-
-		// Create a proof for a valid and invalid key.
-		let proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&[6u32, 69u32, 6969u32]).unwrap();
-		let items = [(6u32, Some(6u128)), (69u32, Some(69u128)), (6969u32, None)];
-
-		assert_eq!(verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(root, &proof, &items), Ok(()));
-	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn proof_fails_with_bad_data() {
-		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
-		let root = *balance_trie.root();
-
-		// Create a proof for a valid key.
-		let proof = balance_trie.create_single_value_proof(6u32).unwrap();
-
-		// Correct data verifies successfully
-		assert_eq!(
-			verify_single_value_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(root, &proof, 6u32, Some(6u128)),
-			Ok(())
-		);
-
-		// Fail to verify proof with wrong root
-		assert_eq!(
-			verify_single_value_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(
-				Default::default(),
-				&proof,
-				6u32,
-				Some(6u128)
-			),
-			Err(TrieError::RootMismatch.into())
-		);
-
-		// Fail to verify proof with wrong data
-		assert_eq!(
-			verify_single_value_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(root, &[], 6u32, Some(6u128)),
-			Err(TrieError::IncompleteProof.into())
-		);
-	}
-}
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/base16.rs b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/base16.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..da05c551c6d9478fd393a9daefdc2398c662cbae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/base16.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Types for a compact base-16 merkle trie used for checking and generating proofs within the
+//! runtime. The `sp-trie` crate exposes all of these same functionality (and more), but this
+//! library is designed to work more easily with runtime native types, which simply need to
+//! implement `Encode`/`Decode`. It also exposes a runtime friendly `TrieError` type which can be
+//! use inside of a FRAME Pallet.
+//!
+//! Proofs are created with latest substrate trie format (`LayoutV1`), and are not compatible with
+//! proofs using `LayoutV0`.
+
+use super::{ProofToHashes, ProvingTrie, TrieError};
+use crate::{Decode, DispatchError, Encode};
+use codec::MaxEncodedLen;
+use sp_std::vec::Vec;
+use sp_trie::{
+	trie_types::{TrieDBBuilder, TrieDBMutBuilderV1},
+	LayoutV1, MemoryDB, Trie, TrieMut,
+};
+
+/// A helper structure for building a basic base-16 merkle trie and creating compact proofs for that
+/// trie. Proofs are created with latest substrate trie format (`LayoutV1`), and are not compatible
+/// with proofs using `LayoutV0`.
+pub struct BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+{
+	db: MemoryDB<Hashing>,
+	root: Hashing::Out,
+	_phantom: core::marker::PhantomData<(Key, Value)>,
+}
+
+impl<Hashing, Key, Value> BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+	Key: Encode,
+{
+	/// Create a compact merkle proof needed to prove all `keys` and their values are in the trie.
+	///
+	/// When verifying the proof created by this function, you must include all of the keys and
+	/// values of the proof, else the verifier will complain that extra nodes are provided in the
+	/// proof that are not needed.
+	pub fn create_multi_proof(&self, keys: &[Key]) -> Result<Vec<u8>, DispatchError> {
+		sp_trie::generate_trie_proof::<LayoutV1<Hashing>, _, _, _>(
+			&self.db,
+			self.root,
+			&keys.into_iter().map(|k| k.encode()).collect::<Vec<Vec<u8>>>(),
+		)
+		.map_err(|err| TrieError::from(*err).into())
+		.map(|structured_proof| structured_proof.encode())
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Hashing, Key, Value> ProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value> for BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+	Key: Encode,
+	Value: Encode + Decode,
+{
+	/// Create a new instance of a `ProvingTrie` using an iterator of key/value pairs.
+	fn generate_for<I>(items: I) -> Result<Self, DispatchError>
+	where
+		I: IntoIterator<Item = (Key, Value)>,
+	{
+		let mut db = MemoryDB::default();
+		let mut root = Default::default();
+
+		{
+			let mut trie = TrieDBMutBuilderV1::new(&mut db, &mut root).build();
+			for (key, value) in items.into_iter() {
+				key.using_encoded(|k| value.using_encoded(|v| trie.insert(k, v)))
+					.map_err(|_| "failed to insert into trie")?;
+			}
+		}
+
+		Ok(Self { db, root, _phantom: Default::default() })
+	}
+
+	/// Access the underlying trie root.
+	fn root(&self) -> &Hashing::Out {
+		&self.root
+	}
+
+	/// Query a value contained within the current trie. Returns `None` if the
+	/// nodes within the current `MemoryDB` are insufficient to query the item.
+	fn query(&self, key: &Key) -> Option<Value> {
+		let trie = TrieDBBuilder::new(&self.db, &self.root).build();
+		key.using_encoded(|s| trie.get(s))
+			.ok()?
+			.and_then(|raw| Value::decode(&mut &*raw).ok())
+	}
+
+	/// Create a compact merkle proof needed to prove a single key and its value are in the trie.
+	fn create_proof(&self, key: &Key) -> Result<Vec<u8>, DispatchError> {
+		sp_trie::generate_trie_proof::<LayoutV1<Hashing>, _, _, _>(
+			&self.db,
+			self.root,
+			&[key.encode()],
+		)
+		.map_err(|err| TrieError::from(*err).into())
+		.map(|structured_proof| structured_proof.encode())
+	}
+
+	/// Verify the existence of `key` and `value` in a given trie root and proof.
+	fn verify_proof(
+		root: &Hashing::Out,
+		proof: &[u8],
+		key: &Key,
+		value: &Value,
+	) -> Result<(), DispatchError> {
+		verify_proof::<Hashing, Key, Value>(root, proof, key, value)
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Hashing, Key, Value> ProofToHashes for BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+	Hashing::Out: MaxEncodedLen,
+{
+	// Our proof is just raw bytes.
+	type Proof = [u8];
+	// This base 16 trie uses a raw proof of `Vec<Vec<u8>`, where the length of the first `Vec`
+	// is the depth of the trie. We can use this to predict the number of hashes.
+	fn proof_to_hashes(proof: &[u8]) -> Result<u32, DispatchError> {
+		use codec::DecodeLength;
+		let depth =
+			<Vec<Vec<u8>> as DecodeLength>::len(proof).map_err(|_| TrieError::DecodeError)?;
+		Ok(depth as u32)
+	}
+}
+
+/// Verify the existence of `key` and `value` in a given trie root and proof.
+pub fn verify_proof<Hashing, Key, Value>(
+	root: &Hashing::Out,
+	proof: &[u8],
+	key: &Key,
+	value: &Value,
+) -> Result<(), DispatchError>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+	Key: Encode,
+	Value: Encode,
+{
+	let structured_proof: Vec<Vec<u8>> =
+		Decode::decode(&mut &proof[..]).map_err(|_| TrieError::DecodeError)?;
+	sp_trie::verify_trie_proof::<LayoutV1<Hashing>, _, _, _>(
+		&root,
+		&structured_proof,
+		&[(key.encode(), Some(value.encode()))],
+	)
+	.map_err(|err| TrieError::from(err).into())
+}
+
+/// Verify the existence of multiple `items` in a given trie root and proof.
+pub fn verify_multi_proof<Hashing, Key, Value>(
+	root: &Hashing::Out,
+	proof: &[u8],
+	items: &[(Key, Value)],
+) -> Result<(), DispatchError>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+	Key: Encode,
+	Value: Encode,
+{
+	let structured_proof: Vec<Vec<u8>> =
+		Decode::decode(&mut &proof[..]).map_err(|_| TrieError::DecodeError)?;
+	let items_encoded = items
+		.into_iter()
+		.map(|(key, value)| (key.encode(), Some(value.encode())))
+		.collect::<Vec<(Vec<u8>, Option<Vec<u8>>)>>();
+
+	sp_trie::verify_trie_proof::<LayoutV1<Hashing>, _, _, _>(
+		&root,
+		&structured_proof,
+		&items_encoded,
+	)
+	.map_err(|err| TrieError::from(err).into())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::traits::BlakeTwo256;
+	use sp_core::H256;
+	use sp_std::collections::btree_map::BTreeMap;
+
+	// A trie which simulates a trie of accounts (u32) and balances (u128).
+	type BalanceTrie = BasicProvingTrie<BlakeTwo256, u32, u128>;
+
+	// The expected root hash for an empty trie.
+	fn empty_root() -> H256 {
+		sp_trie::empty_trie_root::<LayoutV1<BlakeTwo256>>()
+	}
+
+	fn create_balance_trie() -> BalanceTrie {
+		// Create a map of users and their balances.
+		let mut map = BTreeMap::<u32, u128>::new();
+		for i in 0..100u32 {
+			map.insert(i, i.into());
+		}
+
+		// Put items into the trie.
+		let balance_trie = BalanceTrie::generate_for(map).unwrap();
+
+		// Root is changed.
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+		assert!(root != empty_root());
+
+		// Assert valid keys are queryable.
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&6u32), Some(6u128));
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&9u32), Some(9u128));
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&69u32), Some(69u128));
+		// Invalid key returns none.
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&6969u32), None);
+
+		balance_trie
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn empty_trie_works() {
+		let empty_trie = BalanceTrie::generate_for(Vec::new()).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(*empty_trie.root(), empty_root());
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn basic_end_to_end_single_value() {
+		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+
+		// Create a proof for a valid key.
+		let proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&6u32).unwrap();
+
+		// Assert key is provable, all other keys are invalid.
+		for i in 0..200u32 {
+			if i == 6 {
+				assert_eq!(
+					verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &i, &u128::from(i)),
+					Ok(())
+				);
+				// Wrong value is invalid.
+				assert_eq!(
+					verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &i, &u128::from(i + 1)),
+					Err(TrieError::RootMismatch.into())
+				);
+			} else {
+				assert!(
+					verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &i, &u128::from(i)).is_err()
+				);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn basic_end_to_end_multi() {
+		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+
+		// Create a proof for a valid and invalid key.
+		let proof = balance_trie.create_multi_proof(&[6u32, 9u32, 69u32]).unwrap();
+		let items = [(6u32, 6u128), (9u32, 9u128), (69u32, 69u128)];
+
+		assert_eq!(verify_multi_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &items), Ok(()));
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn proof_fails_with_bad_data() {
+		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+
+		// Create a proof for a valid key.
+		let proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&6u32).unwrap();
+
+		// Correct data verifies successfully
+		assert_eq!(verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &6u32, &6u128), Ok(()));
+
+		// Fail to verify proof with wrong root
+		assert_eq!(
+			verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&Default::default(), &proof, &6u32, &6u128),
+			Err(TrieError::RootMismatch.into())
+		);
+
+		// Crete a bad proof.
+		let bad_proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&99u32).unwrap();
+
+		// Fail to verify data with the wrong proof
+		assert_eq!(
+			verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &bad_proof, &6u32, &6u128),
+			Err(TrieError::ExtraneousHashReference.into())
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn proof_to_hashes() {
+		let mut i: u32 = 1;
+		// Compute log base 16 and round up
+		let log16 = |x: u32| -> u32 {
+			let x_f64 = x as f64;
+			let log16_x = (x_f64.ln() / 16_f64.ln()).ceil();
+			log16_x as u32
+		};
+
+		while i < 10_000_000 {
+			let trie = BalanceTrie::generate_for((0..i).map(|i| (i, u128::from(i)))).unwrap();
+			let proof = trie.create_proof(&0).unwrap();
+			let hashes = BalanceTrie::proof_to_hashes(&proof).unwrap();
+			let log16 = log16(i).max(1);
+
+			assert_eq!(hashes, log16);
+			i = i * 10;
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/base2.rs b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/base2.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2b14a59ab056c87dca2352a7824b9f740945e897
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/base2.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Types for a base-2 merkle tree used for checking and generating proofs within the
+//! runtime. The `binary-merkle-tree` crate exposes all of these same functionality (and more), but
+//! this library is designed to work more easily with runtime native types, which simply need to
+//! implement `Encode`/`Decode`.
+
+use super::{ProofToHashes, ProvingTrie, TrieError};
+use crate::{Decode, DispatchError, Encode};
+use binary_merkle_tree::{merkle_proof, merkle_root, MerkleProof};
+use codec::MaxEncodedLen;
+use sp_std::{collections::btree_map::BTreeMap, vec::Vec};
+
+/// A helper structure for building a basic base-2 merkle trie and creating compact proofs for that
+/// trie.
+pub struct BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+{
+	db: BTreeMap<Key, Value>,
+	root: Hashing::Out,
+	_phantom: core::marker::PhantomData<(Key, Value)>,
+}
+
+impl<Hashing, Key, Value> ProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value> for BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+	Hashing::Out: Encode + Decode,
+	Key: Encode + Decode + Ord,
+	Value: Encode + Decode + Clone,
+{
+	/// Create a new instance of a `ProvingTrie` using an iterator of key/value pairs.
+	fn generate_for<I>(items: I) -> Result<Self, DispatchError>
+	where
+		I: IntoIterator<Item = (Key, Value)>,
+	{
+		let mut db = BTreeMap::default();
+		for (key, value) in items.into_iter() {
+			db.insert(key, value);
+		}
+		let root = merkle_root::<Hashing, _>(db.iter().map(|item| item.encode()));
+		Ok(Self { db, root, _phantom: Default::default() })
+	}
+
+	/// Access the underlying trie root.
+	fn root(&self) -> &Hashing::Out {
+		&self.root
+	}
+
+	/// Query a value contained within the current trie. Returns `None` if the
+	/// nodes within the current `db` are insufficient to query the item.
+	fn query(&self, key: &Key) -> Option<Value> {
+		self.db.get(&key).cloned()
+	}
+
+	/// Create a compact merkle proof needed to prove a single key and its value are in the trie.
+	/// Returns an error if the nodes within the current `db` are insufficient to create a proof.
+	fn create_proof(&self, key: &Key) -> Result<Vec<u8>, DispatchError> {
+		let mut encoded = Vec::with_capacity(self.db.len());
+		let mut found_index = None;
+
+		// Find the index of our key, and encode the (key, value) pair.
+		for (i, (k, v)) in self.db.iter().enumerate() {
+			// If we found the key we are looking for, save it.
+			if k == key {
+				found_index = Some(i);
+			}
+
+			encoded.push((k, v).encode());
+		}
+
+		let index = found_index.ok_or(TrieError::IncompleteDatabase)?;
+		let proof = merkle_proof::<Hashing, Vec<Vec<u8>>, Vec<u8>>(encoded, index as u32);
+		Ok(proof.encode())
+	}
+
+	/// Verify the existence of `key` and `value` in a given trie root and proof.
+	fn verify_proof(
+		root: &Hashing::Out,
+		proof: &[u8],
+		key: &Key,
+		value: &Value,
+	) -> Result<(), DispatchError> {
+		verify_proof::<Hashing, Key, Value>(root, proof, key, value)
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Hashing, Key, Value> ProofToHashes for BasicProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+	Hashing::Out: MaxEncodedLen + Decode,
+	Key: Decode,
+	Value: Decode,
+{
+	// Our proof is just raw bytes.
+	type Proof = [u8];
+	// This base 2 merkle trie includes a `proof` field which is a `Vec<Hash>`.
+	// The length of this vector tells us the depth of the proof, and how many
+	// hashes we need to calculate.
+	fn proof_to_hashes(proof: &[u8]) -> Result<u32, DispatchError> {
+		let decoded_proof: MerkleProof<Hashing::Out, Vec<u8>> =
+			Decode::decode(&mut &proof[..]).map_err(|_| TrieError::IncompleteProof)?;
+		let depth = decoded_proof.proof.len();
+		Ok(depth as u32)
+	}
+}
+
+/// Verify the existence of `key` and `value` in a given trie root and proof.
+pub fn verify_proof<Hashing, Key, Value>(
+	root: &Hashing::Out,
+	proof: &[u8],
+	key: &Key,
+	value: &Value,
+) -> Result<(), DispatchError>
+where
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+	Hashing::Out: Decode,
+	Key: Encode + Decode,
+	Value: Encode + Decode,
+{
+	let decoded_proof: MerkleProof<Hashing::Out, Vec<u8>> =
+		Decode::decode(&mut &proof[..]).map_err(|_| TrieError::IncompleteProof)?;
+	if *root != decoded_proof.root {
+		return Err(TrieError::RootMismatch.into());
+	}
+
+	if (key, value).encode() != decoded_proof.leaf {
+		return Err(TrieError::ValueMismatch.into());
+	}
+
+	if binary_merkle_tree::verify_proof::<Hashing, _, _>(
+		&decoded_proof.root,
+		decoded_proof.proof,
+		decoded_proof.number_of_leaves,
+		decoded_proof.leaf_index,
+		&decoded_proof.leaf,
+	) {
+		Ok(())
+	} else {
+		Err(TrieError::IncompleteProof.into())
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::traits::BlakeTwo256;
+	use sp_core::H256;
+	use sp_std::collections::btree_map::BTreeMap;
+
+	// A trie which simulates a trie of accounts (u32) and balances (u128).
+	type BalanceTrie = BasicProvingTrie<BlakeTwo256, u32, u128>;
+
+	// The expected root hash for an empty trie.
+	fn empty_root() -> H256 {
+		let tree = BalanceTrie::generate_for(Vec::new()).unwrap();
+		*tree.root()
+	}
+
+	fn create_balance_trie() -> BalanceTrie {
+		// Create a map of users and their balances.
+		let mut map = BTreeMap::<u32, u128>::new();
+		for i in 0..100u32 {
+			map.insert(i, i.into());
+		}
+
+		// Put items into the trie.
+		let balance_trie = BalanceTrie::generate_for(map).unwrap();
+
+		// Root is changed.
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+		assert!(root != empty_root());
+
+		// Assert valid keys are queryable.
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&6u32), Some(6u128));
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&9u32), Some(9u128));
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&69u32), Some(69u128));
+
+		balance_trie
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn empty_trie_works() {
+		let empty_trie = BalanceTrie::generate_for(Vec::new()).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(*empty_trie.root(), empty_root());
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn basic_end_to_end_single_value() {
+		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+
+		// Create a proof for a valid key.
+		let proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&6u32).unwrap();
+
+		// Assert key is provable, all other keys are invalid.
+		for i in 0..200u32 {
+			if i == 6 {
+				assert_eq!(
+					verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &i, &u128::from(i)),
+					Ok(())
+				);
+				// Wrong value is invalid.
+				assert_eq!(
+					verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &i, &u128::from(i + 1)),
+					Err(TrieError::ValueMismatch.into())
+				);
+			} else {
+				assert!(
+					verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &i, &u128::from(i)).is_err()
+				);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn proof_fails_with_bad_data() {
+		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+
+		// Create a proof for a valid key.
+		let proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&6u32).unwrap();
+
+		// Correct data verifies successfully
+		assert_eq!(verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &proof, &6u32, &6u128), Ok(()));
+
+		// Fail to verify proof with wrong root
+		assert_eq!(
+			verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&Default::default(), &proof, &6u32, &6u128),
+			Err(TrieError::RootMismatch.into())
+		);
+
+		// Fail to verify proof with wrong data
+		assert_eq!(
+			verify_proof::<BlakeTwo256, _, _>(&root, &[], &6u32, &6u128),
+			Err(TrieError::IncompleteProof.into())
+		);
+	}
+
+	// We make assumptions about the structure of the merkle proof in order to provide the
+	// `proof_to_hashes` function. This test keeps those assumptions checked.
+	#[test]
+	fn assert_structure_of_merkle_proof() {
+		let balance_trie = create_balance_trie();
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+		// Create a proof for a valid key.
+		let proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&6u32).unwrap();
+		let decoded_proof: MerkleProof<H256, Vec<u8>> = Decode::decode(&mut &proof[..]).unwrap();
+
+		let constructed_proof = MerkleProof::<H256, Vec<u8>> {
+			root,
+			proof: decoded_proof.proof.clone(),
+			number_of_leaves: 100,
+			leaf_index: 6,
+			leaf: (6u32, 6u128).encode(),
+		};
+		assert_eq!(constructed_proof, decoded_proof);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn proof_to_hashes() {
+		let mut i: u32 = 1;
+		while i < 10_000_000 {
+			let trie = BalanceTrie::generate_for((0..i).map(|i| (i, u128::from(i)))).unwrap();
+			let proof = trie.create_proof(&0).unwrap();
+			let hashes = BalanceTrie::proof_to_hashes(&proof).unwrap();
+			let log2 = (i as f64).log2().ceil() as u32;
+
+			assert_eq!(hashes, log2);
+			i = i * 10;
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/mod.rs b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..009aa6d4935fd9231c57a5425365bebdc72411c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/proving_trie/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Types for merkle tries compatible with the runtime.
+
+pub mod base16;
+pub mod base2;
+
+use crate::{Decode, DispatchError, Encode, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo};
+#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
+use crate::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use sp_std::vec::Vec;
+use sp_trie::{trie_types::TrieError as SpTrieError, VerifyError};
+
+/// A runtime friendly error type for tries.
+#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Clone, Copy, Encode, Decode, Debug, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub enum TrieError {
+	/* From TrieError */
+	/// Attempted to create a trie with a state root not in the DB.
+	InvalidStateRoot,
+	/// Trie item not found in the database,
+	IncompleteDatabase,
+	/// A value was found in the trie with a nibble key that was not byte-aligned.
+	ValueAtIncompleteKey,
+	/// Corrupt Trie item.
+	DecoderError,
+	/// Hash is not value.
+	InvalidHash,
+	/* From VerifyError */
+	/// The statement being verified contains multiple key-value pairs with the same key.
+	DuplicateKey,
+	/// The proof contains at least one extraneous node.
+	ExtraneousNode,
+	/// The proof contains at least one extraneous value which should have been omitted from the
+	/// proof.
+	ExtraneousValue,
+	/// The proof contains at least one extraneous hash reference the should have been omitted.
+	ExtraneousHashReference,
+	/// The proof contains an invalid child reference that exceeds the hash length.
+	InvalidChildReference,
+	/// The proof indicates that an expected value was not found in the trie.
+	ValueMismatch,
+	/// The proof is missing trie nodes required to verify.
+	IncompleteProof,
+	/// The root hash computed from the proof is incorrect.
+	RootMismatch,
+	/// One of the proof nodes could not be decoded.
+	DecodeError,
+}
+
+impl<T> From<SpTrieError<T>> for TrieError {
+	fn from(error: SpTrieError<T>) -> Self {
+		match error {
+			SpTrieError::InvalidStateRoot(..) => Self::InvalidStateRoot,
+			SpTrieError::IncompleteDatabase(..) => Self::IncompleteDatabase,
+			SpTrieError::ValueAtIncompleteKey(..) => Self::ValueAtIncompleteKey,
+			SpTrieError::DecoderError(..) => Self::DecoderError,
+			SpTrieError::InvalidHash(..) => Self::InvalidHash,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T, U> From<VerifyError<T, U>> for TrieError {
+	fn from(error: VerifyError<T, U>) -> Self {
+		match error {
+			VerifyError::DuplicateKey(..) => Self::DuplicateKey,
+			VerifyError::ExtraneousNode => Self::ExtraneousNode,
+			VerifyError::ExtraneousValue(..) => Self::ExtraneousValue,
+			VerifyError::ExtraneousHashReference(..) => Self::ExtraneousHashReference,
+			VerifyError::InvalidChildReference(..) => Self::InvalidChildReference,
+			VerifyError::ValueMismatch(..) => Self::ValueMismatch,
+			VerifyError::IncompleteProof => Self::IncompleteProof,
+			VerifyError::RootMismatch(..) => Self::RootMismatch,
+			VerifyError::DecodeError(..) => Self::DecodeError,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<TrieError> for &'static str {
+	fn from(e: TrieError) -> &'static str {
+		match e {
+			TrieError::InvalidStateRoot => "The state root is not in the database.",
+			TrieError::IncompleteDatabase => "A trie item was not found in the database.",
+			TrieError::ValueAtIncompleteKey =>
+				"A value was found with a key that is not byte-aligned.",
+			TrieError::DecoderError => "A corrupt trie item was encountered.",
+			TrieError::InvalidHash => "The hash does not match the expected value.",
+			TrieError::DuplicateKey => "The proof contains duplicate keys.",
+			TrieError::ExtraneousNode => "The proof contains extraneous nodes.",
+			TrieError::ExtraneousValue => "The proof contains extraneous values.",
+			TrieError::ExtraneousHashReference => "The proof contains extraneous hash references.",
+			TrieError::InvalidChildReference => "The proof contains an invalid child reference.",
+			TrieError::ValueMismatch => "The proof indicates a value mismatch.",
+			TrieError::IncompleteProof => "The proof is incomplete.",
+			TrieError::RootMismatch => "The root hash computed from the proof is incorrect.",
+			TrieError::DecodeError => "One of the proof nodes could not be decoded.",
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// An interface for creating, interacting with, and creating proofs in a merkle trie.
+pub trait ProvingTrie<Hashing, Key, Value>
+where
+	Self: Sized,
+	Hashing: sp_core::Hasher,
+{
+	/// Create a new instance of a `ProvingTrie` using an iterator of key/value pairs.
+	fn generate_for<I>(items: I) -> Result<Self, DispatchError>
+	where
+		I: IntoIterator<Item = (Key, Value)>;
+	/// Access the underlying trie root.
+	fn root(&self) -> &Hashing::Out;
+	/// Query a value contained within the current trie. Returns `None` if the
+	/// the value does not exist in the trie.
+	fn query(&self, key: &Key) -> Option<Value>;
+	/// Create a proof that can be used to verify a key and its value are in the trie.
+	fn create_proof(&self, key: &Key) -> Result<Vec<u8>, DispatchError>;
+	/// Verify the existence of `key` and `value` in a given trie root and proof.
+	fn verify_proof(
+		root: &Hashing::Out,
+		proof: &[u8],
+		key: &Key,
+		value: &Value,
+	) -> Result<(), DispatchError>;
+}
+
+/// This trait is one strategy that can be used to benchmark a trie proof verification for the
+/// runtime. This strategy assumes that the majority complexity of verifying a merkle proof comes
+/// from computing hashes to recreate the merkle root. This trait converts the the proof, some
+/// bytes, to the number of hashes we expect to execute to verify that proof.
+pub trait ProofToHashes {
+	/// The Proof type we will use to determine the number of hashes.
+	type Proof: ?Sized;
+	/// This function returns the number of hashes we expect to calculate based on the
+	/// size of the proof. This is used for benchmarking, so for worst case scenario, we should
+	/// round up.
+	///
+	/// The major complexity of doing a `verify_proof` is computing the hashes needed
+	/// to calculate the merkle root. For tries, it should be easy to predict the depth
+	/// of the trie (which is equivalent to the hashes), by looking at the length of the proof.
+	fn proof_to_hashes(proof: &Self::Proof) -> Result<u32, DispatchError>;
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use crate::traits::BlakeTwo256;
+
+	// A trie which simulates a trie of accounts (u32) and balances (u128).
+	type BalanceTrie2 = base2::BasicProvingTrie<BlakeTwo256, u32, u128>;
+	type BalanceTrie16 = base16::BasicProvingTrie<BlakeTwo256, u32, u128>;
+
+	#[test]
+	fn basic_api_usage_base_2() {
+		let balance_trie = BalanceTrie2::generate_for((0..100u32).map(|i| (i, i.into()))).unwrap();
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&69), Some(69));
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&6969), None);
+		let proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&69u32).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(BalanceTrie2::verify_proof(&root, &proof, &69u32, &69u128), Ok(()));
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn basic_api_usage_base_16() {
+		let balance_trie = BalanceTrie16::generate_for((0..100u32).map(|i| (i, i.into()))).unwrap();
+		let root = *balance_trie.root();
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&69), Some(69));
+		assert_eq!(balance_trie.query(&6969), None);
+		let proof = balance_trie.create_proof(&69u32).unwrap();
+		assert_eq!(BalanceTrie16::verify_proof(&root, &proof, &69u32, &69u128), Ok(()));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/testing.rs b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/testing.rs
index b4aeda5a0e7a3e75a44c9d50b4ed22788d1f96e8..a4ce4b5fc1a05b740d641a2d220ed78c60a07ee3 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/testing.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/testing.rs
@@ -29,10 +29,7 @@ use crate::{
 	ApplyExtrinsicResultWithInfo, KeyTypeId,
 };
 use serde::{de::Error as DeError, Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
-use sp_core::{
-	crypto::{key_types, ByteArray, CryptoType, Dummy},
-	U256,
-};
+use sp_core::crypto::{key_types, ByteArray, CryptoType, Dummy};
 pub use sp_core::{sr25519, H256};
 use std::{
 	cell::RefCell,
@@ -79,7 +76,8 @@ impl From<UintAuthorityId> for u64 {
 impl UintAuthorityId {
 	/// Convert this authority ID into a public key.
 	pub fn to_public_key<T: ByteArray>(&self) -> T {
-		let bytes: [u8; 32] = U256::from(self.0).into();
+		let mut bytes = [0u8; 32];
+		bytes[0..8].copy_from_slice(&self.0.to_le_bytes());
 		T::from_slice(&bytes).unwrap()
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/traits.rs b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/traits.rs
index 25ef15eaf56effe93f56e51b093626ce68679918..fc63bc76decb78a53b9878edb8d18d55ddcd6f79 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/traits.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/traits.rs
@@ -2342,8 +2342,6 @@ impl BlockNumberProvider for () {
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 	use crate::codec::{Decode, Encode, Input};
-	#[cfg(feature = "bls-experimental")]
-	use sp_core::{bls377, bls381};
 	use sp_core::{
 		crypto::{Pair, UncheckedFrom},
 		ecdsa, ed25519, sr25519,
@@ -2486,14 +2484,4 @@ mod tests {
 	fn ecdsa_verify_works() {
 		signature_verify_test!(ecdsa);
 	}
-
-	#[cfg(feature = "bls-experimental")]
-	fn bls377_verify_works() {
-		signature_verify_test!(bls377)
-	}
-
-	#[cfg(feature = "bls-experimental")]
-	fn bls381_verify_works() {
-		signature_verify_test!(bls381)
-	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/transaction_validity.rs b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/transaction_validity.rs
index ffff94e17461e88a842b1926e1fc92a4c86336b0..2d800e29b8bb81b8c247010229986940cadb756c 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/transaction_validity.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/runtime/src/transaction_validity.rs
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ impl From<UnknownTransaction> for TransactionValidity {
 /// Depending on the source we might apply different validation schemes.
 /// For instance we can disallow specific kinds of transactions if they were not produced
 /// by our local node (for instance off-chain workers).
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo, Hash)]
 pub enum TransactionSource {
 	/// Transaction is already included in block.
 	///
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/staking/src/lib.rs b/substrate/primitives/staking/src/lib.rs
index 5e94524816a051ac7e1996d05f0875dea5b0df9b..17010a8907fc23325d2726e59285313f5fea53a6 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/staking/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/staking/src/lib.rs
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ pub trait DelegationMigrator {
 	///
 	/// Also removed from [`StakingUnchecked`] as a Virtual Staker. Useful for testing.
 	#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
-	fn migrate_to_direct_staker(agent: Agent<Self::AccountId>);
+	fn force_kill_agent(agent: Agent<Self::AccountId>);
 }
 
 sp_core::generate_feature_enabled_macro!(runtime_benchmarks_enabled, feature = "runtime-benchmarks", $);
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/state-machine/src/ext.rs b/substrate/primitives/state-machine/src/ext.rs
index 7a79c4e8a1f1bbd51fbdb34f5b91d2427bdd2995..baad7e621bedcc28923bb668b1f49357afa2291e 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/state-machine/src/ext.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/state-machine/src/ext.rs
@@ -713,6 +713,7 @@ where
 }
 
 /// Implement `Encode` by forwarding the stored raw vec.
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 struct EncodeOpaqueValue(Vec<u8>);
 
 impl Encode for EncodeOpaqueValue {
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/trie/Cargo.toml b/substrate/primitives/trie/Cargo.toml
index a28f29b01581380bd9435ec075db9e0970ce043e..7f27bb097290e06cee472a3ddfbfff5eb0783c09 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/trie/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/primitives/trie/Cargo.toml
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ harness = false
 ahash = { optional = true, workspace = true }
 codec = { workspace = true }
 hash-db = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { optional = true, workspace = true }
 memory-db = { workspace = true }
 nohash-hasher = { optional = true, workspace = true }
 parking_lot = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -51,7 +50,6 @@ std = [
 	"ahash",
 	"codec/std",
 	"hash-db/std",
-	"lazy_static",
 	"memory-db/std",
 	"nohash-hasher",
 	"parking_lot",
diff --git a/substrate/primitives/trie/src/cache/shared_cache.rs b/substrate/primitives/trie/src/cache/shared_cache.rs
index e3ba94a2af7c1c9a4565169c85d6bb6053107a11..7f6da80fe95f13a2a828ba994d1bca1ffe445675 100644
--- a/substrate/primitives/trie/src/cache/shared_cache.rs
+++ b/substrate/primitives/trie/src/cache/shared_cache.rs
@@ -25,17 +25,15 @@ use schnellru::LruMap;
 use std::{
 	collections::{hash_map::Entry as SetEntry, HashMap},
 	hash::{BuildHasher, Hasher as _},
-	sync::Arc,
+	sync::{Arc, LazyLock},
 };
 use trie_db::{node::NodeOwned, CachedValue};
 
-lazy_static::lazy_static! {
-	static ref RANDOM_STATE: ahash::RandomState = {
-		use rand::Rng;
-		let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
-		ahash::RandomState::generate_with(rng.gen(), rng.gen(), rng.gen(), rng.gen())
-	};
-}
+static RANDOM_STATE: LazyLock<ahash::RandomState> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+	use rand::Rng;
+	let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
+	ahash::RandomState::generate_with(rng.gen(), rng.gen(), rng.gen(), rng.gen())
+});
 
 pub struct SharedNodeCacheLimiter {
 	/// The maximum size (in bytes) the cache can hold inline.
diff --git a/substrate/test-utils/cli/build.rs b/substrate/test-utils/cli/build.rs
index a68cb706e8fbdc2526aa18730f0e7ddb9719f838..c63f0b8b66744738df18d99a274632cb1ecef980 100644
--- a/substrate/test-utils/cli/build.rs
+++ b/substrate/test-utils/cli/build.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ use std::env;
 
 fn main() {
 	if let Ok(profile) = env::var("PROFILE") {
-		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_type=\"{}\"", profile);
+		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_profile=\"{}\"", profile);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/test-utils/cli/src/lib.rs b/substrate/test-utils/cli/src/lib.rs
index d77a89b4dbf4c9048d3ba3546cde0d32d645dc0a..70d68f6f18359460724baad23b259160cf106db5 100644
--- a/substrate/test-utils/cli/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/test-utils/cli/src/lib.rs
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ pub fn start_node() -> Child {
 /// build_substrate(&["--features=try-runtime"]);
 /// ```
 pub fn build_substrate(args: &[&str]) {
-	let is_release_build = !cfg!(build_type = "debug");
+	let is_release_build = !cfg!(build_profile = "debug");
 
 	// Get the root workspace directory from the CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR environment variable
 	let mut cmd = Command::new("cargo");
diff --git a/substrate/test-utils/runtime/src/lib.rs b/substrate/test-utils/runtime/src/lib.rs
index 840081003b848aa4d5daf67779095f26b7ee3064..74965264c0343dabf0e535ba855c3fce23452dda 100644
--- a/substrate/test-utils/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/test-utils/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -391,6 +391,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type MaxFreezes = ();
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl substrate_test_pallet::Config for Runtime {}
diff --git a/substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool/Cargo.toml b/substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool/Cargo.toml
index b5dc034fed1382c18adfe3cecfcf96bcb70871aa..3cdaea642263e67f3f2594d2d14e2e5dbcad375f 100644
--- a/substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
 [dependencies]
 codec = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
+log = { workspace = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 sc-transaction-pool = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool/src/lib.rs b/substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool/src/lib.rs
index 5202e6e65154d62085a0656cc780cc39452e0ed9..2d19dbfb6d497dbee60d0250b368c3df61f1d081 100644
--- a/substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/test-utils/runtime/transaction-pool/src/lib.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use codec::Encode;
 use futures::future::ready;
 use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use sc_transaction_pool::ChainApi;
-use sp_blockchain::{CachedHeaderMetadata, TreeRoute};
+use sp_blockchain::{CachedHeaderMetadata, HashAndNumber, TreeRoute};
 use sp_runtime::{
 	generic::{self, BlockId},
 	traits::{
@@ -34,7 +34,10 @@ use sp_runtime::{
 		ValidTransaction,
 	},
 };
-use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::{
+	collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet},
+	sync::Arc,
+};
 use substrate_test_runtime_client::{
 	runtime::{
 		AccountId, Block, BlockNumber, Extrinsic, ExtrinsicBuilder, Hash, Header, Nonce, Transfer,
@@ -46,7 +49,7 @@ use substrate_test_runtime_client::{
 /// Error type used by [`TestApi`].
 #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
 #[error(transparent)]
-pub struct Error(#[from] sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error);
+pub struct Error(#[from] pub sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error);
 
 impl sc_transaction_pool_api::error::IntoPoolError for Error {
 	fn into_pool_error(self) -> Result<sc_transaction_pool_api::error::Error, Self> {
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ impl From<bool> for IsBestBlock {
 pub struct ChainState {
 	pub block_by_number: BTreeMap<BlockNumber, Vec<(Block, IsBestBlock)>>,
 	pub block_by_hash: HashMap<Hash, Block>,
-	pub nonces: HashMap<AccountId, u64>,
+	pub nonces: HashMap<Hash, HashMap<AccountId, u64>>,
 	pub invalid_hashes: HashSet<Hash>,
 	pub priorities: HashMap<Hash, u64>,
 }
@@ -89,14 +92,22 @@ pub struct TestApi {
 	valid_modifier: RwLock<Box<dyn Fn(&mut ValidTransaction) + Send + Sync>>,
 	chain: RwLock<ChainState>,
 	validation_requests: RwLock<Vec<Extrinsic>>,
+	enable_stale_check: bool,
 }
 
 impl TestApi {
 	/// Test Api with Alice nonce set initially.
 	pub fn with_alice_nonce(nonce: u64) -> Self {
 		let api = Self::empty();
+		assert_eq!(api.chain.read().block_by_hash.len(), 1);
+		assert_eq!(api.chain.read().nonces.len(), 1);
 
-		api.chain.write().nonces.insert(Alice.into(), nonce);
+		api.chain
+			.write()
+			.nonces
+			.values_mut()
+			.nth(0)
+			.map(|h| h.insert(Alice.into(), nonce));
 
 		api
 	}
@@ -107,14 +118,23 @@ impl TestApi {
 			valid_modifier: RwLock::new(Box::new(|_| {})),
 			chain: Default::default(),
 			validation_requests: RwLock::new(Default::default()),
+			enable_stale_check: false,
 		};
 
 		// Push genesis block
 		api.push_block(0, Vec::new(), true);
 
+		let hash0 = *api.chain.read().block_by_hash.keys().nth(0).unwrap();
+		api.chain.write().nonces.insert(hash0, Default::default());
+
 		api
 	}
 
+	pub fn enable_stale_check(mut self) -> Self {
+		self.enable_stale_check = true;
+		self
+	}
+
 	/// Set hook on modify valid result of transaction.
 	pub fn set_valid_modifier(&self, modifier: Box<dyn Fn(&mut ValidTransaction) + Send + Sync>) {
 		*self.valid_modifier.write() = modifier;
@@ -184,6 +204,24 @@ impl TestApi {
 		let mut chain = self.chain.write();
 		chain.block_by_hash.insert(hash, block.clone());
 
+		if *block_number > 0 {
+			// copy nonces to new block
+			let prev_nonces = chain
+				.nonces
+				.get(block.header.parent_hash())
+				.expect("there shall be nonces for parent block")
+				.clone();
+			chain.nonces.insert(hash, prev_nonces);
+		}
+
+		log::info!(
+			"add_block: {:?} {:?} {:?} nonces:{:#?}",
+			block_number,
+			hash,
+			block.header.parent_hash(),
+			chain.nonces
+		);
+
 		if is_best_block {
 			chain
 				.block_by_number
@@ -241,10 +279,33 @@ impl TestApi {
 		&self.chain
 	}
 
+	/// Set nonce in the inner state for given block.
+	pub fn set_nonce(&self, at: Hash, account: AccountId, nonce: u64) {
+		let mut chain = self.chain.write();
+		chain.nonces.entry(at).and_modify(|h| {
+			h.insert(account, nonce);
+		});
+
+		log::debug!("set_nonce: {:?} nonces:{:#?}", at, chain.nonces);
+	}
+
+	/// Increment nonce in the inner state for given block.
+	pub fn increment_nonce_at_block(&self, at: Hash, account: AccountId) {
+		let mut chain = self.chain.write();
+		chain.nonces.entry(at).and_modify(|h| {
+			h.entry(account).and_modify(|n| *n += 1).or_insert(1);
+		});
+
+		log::debug!("increment_nonce_at_block: {:?} nonces:{:#?}", at, chain.nonces);
+	}
+
 	/// Increment nonce in the inner state.
 	pub fn increment_nonce(&self, account: AccountId) {
 		let mut chain = self.chain.write();
-		chain.nonces.entry(account).and_modify(|n| *n += 1).or_insert(1);
+		// if no particular block was given, then update nonce everywhere
+		chain.nonces.values_mut().for_each(|h| {
+			h.entry(account).and_modify(|n| *n += 1).or_insert(1);
+		})
 	}
 
 	/// Calculate a tree route between the two given blocks.
@@ -260,6 +321,26 @@ impl TestApi {
 	pub fn expect_hash_from_number(&self, n: BlockNumber) -> Hash {
 		self.block_id_to_hash(&BlockId::Number(n)).unwrap().unwrap()
 	}
+
+	/// Helper function for getting genesis hash
+	pub fn genesis_hash(&self) -> Hash {
+		self.expect_hash_from_number(0)
+	}
+
+	pub fn expect_hash_and_number(&self, n: BlockNumber) -> HashAndNumber<Block> {
+		HashAndNumber { hash: self.expect_hash_from_number(n), number: n }
+	}
+}
+
+trait TagFrom {
+	fn tag_from(&self) -> u8;
+}
+
+impl TagFrom for AccountId {
+	fn tag_from(&self) -> u8 {
+		let f = AccountKeyring::iter().enumerate().find(|k| AccountId::from(k.1) == *self);
+		u8::try_from(f.unwrap().0).unwrap()
+	}
 }
 
 impl ChainApi for TestApi {
@@ -272,9 +353,11 @@ impl ChainApi for TestApi {
 		&self,
 		at: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Hash,
 		_source: TransactionSource,
-		uxt: <Self::Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic,
+		uxt: Arc<<Self::Block as BlockT>::Extrinsic>,
 	) -> Self::ValidationFuture {
+		let uxt = (*uxt).clone();
 		self.validation_requests.write().push(uxt.clone());
+		let block_number;
 
 		match self.block_id_to_number(&BlockId::Hash(at)) {
 			Ok(Some(number)) => {
@@ -285,6 +368,7 @@ impl ChainApi for TestApi {
 					.get(&number)
 					.map(|blocks| blocks.iter().any(|b| b.1.is_best()))
 					.unwrap_or(false);
+				block_number = Some(number);
 
 				// If there is no best block, we don't know based on which block we should validate
 				// the transaction. (This is not required for this test function, but in real
@@ -303,10 +387,44 @@ impl ChainApi for TestApi {
 		}
 
 		let (requires, provides) = if let Ok(transfer) = TransferData::try_from(&uxt) {
-			let chain_nonce = self.chain.read().nonces.get(&transfer.from).cloned().unwrap_or(0);
-			let requires =
-				if chain_nonce == transfer.nonce { vec![] } else { vec![vec![chain_nonce as u8]] };
-			let provides = vec![vec![transfer.nonce as u8]];
+			let chain_nonce = self
+				.chain
+				.read()
+				.nonces
+				.get(&at)
+				.expect("nonces must be there for every block")
+				.get(&transfer.from)
+				.cloned()
+				.unwrap_or(0);
+			let requires = if chain_nonce == transfer.nonce {
+				vec![]
+			} else {
+				if self.enable_stale_check {
+					vec![vec![transfer.from.tag_from(), (transfer.nonce - 1) as u8]]
+				} else {
+					vec![vec![(transfer.nonce - 1) as u8]]
+				}
+			};
+			let provides = if self.enable_stale_check {
+				vec![vec![transfer.from.tag_from(), transfer.nonce as u8]]
+			} else {
+				vec![vec![transfer.nonce as u8]]
+			};
+
+			log::info!(
+				"test_api::validate_transaction: h:{:?} n:{:?} cn:{:?} tn:{:?} r:{:?} p:{:?}",
+				at,
+				block_number,
+				chain_nonce,
+				transfer.nonce,
+				requires,
+				provides,
+			);
+
+			if self.enable_stale_check && transfer.nonce < chain_nonce {
+				log::info!("test_api::validate_transaction: invalid_transaction(stale)....");
+				return ready(Ok(Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(InvalidTransaction::Stale))))
+			}
 
 			(requires, provides)
 		} else {
@@ -314,6 +432,7 @@ impl ChainApi for TestApi {
 		};
 
 		if self.chain.read().invalid_hashes.contains(&self.hash_and_length(&uxt).0) {
+			log::info!("test_api::validate_transaction: invalid_transaction....");
 			return ready(Ok(Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(InvalidTransaction::Custom(0)))))
 		}
 
diff --git a/substrate/utils/fork-tree/src/lib.rs b/substrate/utils/fork-tree/src/lib.rs
index ff86467c85d5445a66b3d86cc04f83fcf5a110c7..fe349b6c29afbd8b404b0e6f598c9c8a4c4fdfaa 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/fork-tree/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/fork-tree/src/lib.rs
@@ -810,12 +810,11 @@ impl<'a, H, N, V> Iterator for ForkTreeIterator<'a, H, N, V> {
 	type Item = &'a Node<H, N, V>;
 
 	fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
-		self.stack.pop().map(|node| {
+		self.stack.pop().inspect(|node| {
 			// child nodes are stored ordered by max branch height (decreasing),
 			// we want to keep this ordering while iterating but since we're
 			// using a stack for iterator state we need to reverse it.
 			self.stack.extend(node.children.iter().rev());
-			node
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/Cargo.toml b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/Cargo.toml
index 4e88e3360e3914a78d0bd8b71b8b55ab8bd22f8f..ee5522f5bc0466a46b7c17a150c9ceece3b46c91 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ comfy-table = { workspace = true }
 handlebars = { workspace = true }
 Inflector = { workspace = true }
 itertools = { workspace = true }
-lazy_static = { workspace = true }
 linked-hash-map = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 rand = { features = ["small_rng"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
diff --git a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/build.rs b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/build.rs
index 1545d1e0c21e9416b8df6f591c1a1f7307b05996..06cdb7973abd37b237ce161c457c6f2948960eee 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/build.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/build.rs
@@ -24,8 +24,12 @@ use std::env;
 pub fn main() {
 	if let Ok(opt_level) = env::var("OPT_LEVEL") {
 		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_opt_level={:?}", opt_level);
+	} else {
+		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_opt_level={:?}", "unknown");
 	}
 	if let Ok(profile) = env::var("PROFILE") {
 		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_profile={:?}", profile);
+	} else {
+		println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=build_profile={:?}", "unknown");
 	}
 }
diff --git a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/machine/hardware.rs b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/machine/hardware.rs
index ee1d490b854790087953865fee76da76db221d5c..f542eb60520ed063e51f7226ab367f61cba44668 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/machine/hardware.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/machine/hardware.rs
@@ -17,19 +17,17 @@
 
 //! Contains types to define hardware requirements.
 
-use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use sc_sysinfo::Requirements;
+use std::sync::LazyLock;
 
-lazy_static! {
-	/// The hardware requirements as measured on reference hardware.
-	///
-	/// These values are provided by Parity, however it is possible
-	/// to use your own requirements if you are running a custom chain.
-	pub static ref SUBSTRATE_REFERENCE_HARDWARE: Requirements = {
-		let raw = include_bytes!("reference_hardware.json").as_slice();
-		serde_json::from_slice(raw).expect("Hardcoded data is known good; qed")
-	};
-}
+/// The hardware requirements as measured on reference hardware.
+///
+/// These values are provided by Parity, however it is possible
+/// to use your own requirements if you are running a custom chain.
+pub static SUBSTRATE_REFERENCE_HARDWARE: LazyLock<Requirements> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+	let raw = include_bytes!("reference_hardware.json").as_slice();
+	serde_json::from_slice(raw).expect("Hardcoded data is known good; qed")
+});
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
diff --git a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/command.rs b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/command.rs
index f1499f41c2ea82333e65231758f3d0e95b213db4..f3334819057715bffc6945838e4510ba639d6b88 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/command.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/command.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ use sp_core::{
 		testing::{TestOffchainExt, TestTransactionPoolExt},
 		OffchainDbExt, OffchainWorkerExt, TransactionPoolExt,
 	},
-	traits::{CallContext, CodeExecutor, ReadRuntimeVersionExt},
+	traits::{CallContext, CodeExecutor, ReadRuntimeVersionExt, WrappedRuntimeCode},
 	Hasher,
 };
 use sp_externalities::Extensions;
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ use sp_storage::{well_known_keys::CODE, Storage};
 use sp_trie::{proof_size_extension::ProofSizeExt, recorder::Recorder};
 use sp_wasm_interface::HostFunctions;
 use std::{
+	borrow::Cow,
 	collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, HashMap},
 	fmt::Debug,
 	fs,
@@ -368,12 +369,12 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 						"dispatch a benchmark",
 					) {
 						Err(e) => {
-							log::error!("Error executing and verifying runtime benchmark: {}", e);
+							log::error!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Error executing and verifying runtime benchmark: {}", e);
 							failed.push((pallet.clone(), extrinsic.clone()));
 							continue 'outer
 						},
 						Ok(Err(e)) => {
-							log::error!("Error executing and verifying runtime benchmark: {}", e);
+							log::error!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Error executing and verifying runtime benchmark: {}", e);
 							failed.push((pallet.clone(), extrinsic.clone()));
 							continue 'outer
 						},
@@ -408,12 +409,12 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 						"dispatch a benchmark",
 					) {
 						Err(e) => {
-							log::error!("Error executing runtime benchmark: {}", e);
+							log::error!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Error executing runtime benchmark: {}", e);
 							failed.push((pallet.clone(), extrinsic.clone()));
 							continue 'outer
 						},
 						Ok(Err(e)) => {
-							log::error!("Benchmark {pallet}::{extrinsic} failed: {e}",);
+							log::error!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Benchmark {pallet}::{extrinsic} failed: {e}",);
 							failed.push((pallet.clone(), extrinsic.clone()));
 							continue 'outer
 						},
@@ -502,33 +503,28 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 	}
 
 	fn select_benchmarks_to_run(&self, list: Vec<BenchmarkList>) -> Result<Vec<SelectedBenchmark>> {
-		let pallet = self.pallet.clone().unwrap_or_default();
-		let pallet = pallet.as_bytes();
-
 		let extrinsic = self.extrinsic.clone().unwrap_or_default();
 		let extrinsic_split: Vec<&str> = extrinsic.split(',').collect();
 		let extrinsics: Vec<_> = extrinsic_split.iter().map(|x| x.trim().as_bytes()).collect();
 
 		// Use the benchmark list and the user input to determine the set of benchmarks to run.
 		let mut benchmarks_to_run = Vec::new();
-		list.iter()
-			.filter(|item| pallet.is_empty() || pallet == &b"*"[..] || pallet == &item.pallet[..])
-			.for_each(|item| {
-				for benchmark in &item.benchmarks {
-					let benchmark_name = &benchmark.name;
-					if extrinsic.is_empty() ||
-						extrinsic.as_bytes() == &b"*"[..] ||
-						extrinsics.contains(&&benchmark_name[..])
-					{
-						benchmarks_to_run.push((
-							item.pallet.clone(),
-							benchmark.name.clone(),
-							benchmark.components.clone(),
-							benchmark.pov_modes.clone(),
-						))
-					}
+		list.iter().filter(|item| self.pallet_selected(&item.pallet)).for_each(|item| {
+			for benchmark in &item.benchmarks {
+				let benchmark_name = &benchmark.name;
+				if extrinsic.is_empty() ||
+					extrinsic.as_bytes() == &b"*"[..] ||
+					extrinsics.contains(&&benchmark_name[..])
+				{
+					benchmarks_to_run.push((
+						item.pallet.clone(),
+						benchmark.name.clone(),
+						benchmark.components.clone(),
+						benchmark.pov_modes.clone(),
+					))
 				}
-			});
+			}
+		});
 		// Convert `Vec<u8>` to `String` for better readability.
 		let benchmarks_to_run: Vec<_> = benchmarks_to_run
 			.into_iter()
@@ -558,6 +554,16 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 		Ok(benchmarks_to_run)
 	}
 
+	/// Whether this pallet should be run.
+	fn pallet_selected(&self, pallet: &Vec<u8>) -> bool {
+		let include = self.pallet.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+
+		let included = include.is_empty() || include == "*" || include.as_bytes() == pallet;
+		let excluded = self.exclude_pallets.iter().any(|p| p.as_bytes() == pallet);
+
+		included && !excluded
+	}
+
 	/// Build the genesis storage by either the Genesis Builder API, chain spec or nothing.
 	///
 	/// Behaviour can be controlled by the `--genesis-builder` flag.
@@ -566,12 +572,11 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 		chain_spec: &Option<Box<dyn ChainSpec>>,
 	) -> Result<sp_storage::Storage> {
 		Ok(match (self.genesis_builder, self.runtime.as_ref()) {
-			(Some(GenesisBuilderPolicy::None), Some(_)) => return Err("Cannot use `--genesis-builder=none` with `--runtime` since the runtime would be ignored.".into()),
-			(Some(GenesisBuilderPolicy::None), None) => Storage::default(),
+			(Some(GenesisBuilderPolicy::None), _) => Storage::default(),
 			(Some(GenesisBuilderPolicy::SpecGenesis | GenesisBuilderPolicy::Spec), Some(_)) =>
 					return Err("Cannot use `--genesis-builder=spec-genesis` with `--runtime` since the runtime would be ignored.".into()),
 			(Some(GenesisBuilderPolicy::SpecGenesis | GenesisBuilderPolicy::Spec), None) | (None, None) => {
-				log::warn!("{WARN_SPEC_GENESIS_CTOR}");
+				log::warn!(target: LOG_TARGET, "{WARN_SPEC_GENESIS_CTOR}");
 				let Some(chain_spec) = chain_spec else {
 					return Err("No chain spec specified to generate the genesis state".into());
 				};
@@ -593,7 +598,7 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 			},
 			(Some(GenesisBuilderPolicy::Runtime), None) => return Err("Cannot use `--genesis-builder=runtime` without `--runtime`".into()),
 			(Some(GenesisBuilderPolicy::Runtime), Some(runtime)) | (None, Some(runtime)) => {
-				log::info!("Loading WASM from {}", runtime.display());
+				log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Loading WASM from {}", runtime.display());
 
 				let code = fs::read(&runtime).map_err(|e| {
 					format!(
@@ -613,7 +618,7 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 		&self,
 		chain_spec: &dyn ChainSpec,
 	) -> Result<Storage> {
-		log::info!("Building genesis state from chain spec runtime");
+		log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Building genesis state from chain spec runtime");
 		let storage = chain_spec
 			.build_storage()
 			.map_err(|e| format!("{ERROR_CANNOT_BUILD_GENESIS}\nError: {e}"))?;
@@ -636,8 +641,9 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 			genesis_config_caller.get_storage_for_named_preset(preset).inspect_err(|e| {
 				let presets = genesis_config_caller.preset_names().unwrap_or_default();
 				log::error!(
+					target: LOG_TARGET,
 					"Please pick one of the available presets with \
-			`--genesis-builder-preset=<PRESET>`. Available presets ({}): {:?}. Error: {:?}",
+			`--genesis-builder-preset=<PRESET>` or use a different `--genesis-builder-policy`. Available presets ({}): {:?}. Error: {:?}",
 					presets.len(),
 					presets,
 					e
@@ -690,10 +696,25 @@ impl PalletCmd {
 		&self,
 		state: &'a BenchmarkingState<H>,
 	) -> Result<FetchedCode<'a, BenchmarkingState<H>, H>> {
-		log::info!("Loading WASM from state");
-		let state = sp_state_machine::backend::BackendRuntimeCode::new(state);
+		if let Some(runtime) = self.runtime.as_ref() {
+			log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Loading WASM from file");
+			let code = fs::read(runtime).map_err(|e| {
+				format!(
+					"Could not load runtime file from path: {}, error: {}",
+					runtime.display(),
+					e
+				)
+			})?;
+			let hash = sp_core::blake2_256(&code).to_vec();
+			let wrapped_code = WrappedRuntimeCode(Cow::Owned(code));
+
+			Ok(FetchedCode::FromFile { wrapped_code, heap_pages: self.heap_pages, hash })
+		} else {
+			log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "Loading WASM from state");
+			let state = sp_state_machine::backend::BackendRuntimeCode::new(state);
 
-		Ok(FetchedCode { state })
+			Ok(FetchedCode::FromGenesis { state })
+		}
 	}
 
 	/// Allocation strategy for pallet benchmarking.
diff --git a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/mod.rs b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/mod.rs
index a507c1d1f5484fb1e57cff41c36ddf5e532a541b..412a1a86cb8e7741a15de1e43bb47169c4f13de3 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/mod.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/mod.rs
@@ -53,6 +53,10 @@ pub struct PalletCmd {
 	#[arg(short, long, required_unless_present_any = ["list", "json_input", "all"], default_value_if("all", "true", Some("*".into())))]
 	pub extrinsic: Option<String>,
 
+	/// Comma separated list of pallets that should be excluded from the benchmark.
+	#[arg(long, value_parser, num_args = 1.., value_delimiter = ',')]
+	pub exclude_pallets: Vec<String>,
+
 	/// Run benchmarks for all pallets and extrinsics.
 	///
 	/// This is equivalent to running `--pallet * --extrinsic *`.
diff --git a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/types.rs b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/types.rs
index ce37be455e8a1833edb13c92485f33cd7fdaf9ff..a4799dc92369850a5f32505996bfbc407ef98d45 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/types.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/types.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 //! Various types used by this crate.
 
 use sc_cli::Result;
-use sp_core::traits::RuntimeCode;
+use sp_core::traits::{RuntimeCode, WrappedRuntimeCode};
 use sp_runtime::traits::Hash;
 
 /// How the genesis state for benchmarking should be build.
@@ -43,8 +43,9 @@ pub enum GenesisBuilderPolicy {
 /// A runtime blob that was either fetched from genesis storage or loaded from a file.
 // NOTE: This enum is only needed for the annoying lifetime bounds on `RuntimeCode`. Otherwise we
 // could just directly return the blob.
-pub struct FetchedCode<'a, B, H> {
-	pub state: sp_state_machine::backend::BackendRuntimeCode<'a, B, H>,
+pub enum FetchedCode<'a, B, H> {
+	FromGenesis { state: sp_state_machine::backend::BackendRuntimeCode<'a, B, H> },
+	FromFile { wrapped_code: WrappedRuntimeCode<'a>, heap_pages: Option<u64>, hash: Vec<u8> },
 }
 
 impl<'a, B, H> FetchedCode<'a, B, H>
@@ -54,7 +55,14 @@ where
 {
 	/// The runtime blob.
 	pub fn code(&'a self) -> Result<RuntimeCode<'a>> {
-		self.state.runtime_code().map_err(Into::into)
+		match self {
+			Self::FromGenesis { state } => state.runtime_code().map_err(Into::into),
+			Self::FromFile { wrapped_code, heap_pages, hash } => Ok(RuntimeCode {
+				code_fetcher: wrapped_code,
+				heap_pages: *heap_pages,
+				hash: hash.clone(),
+			}),
+		}
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/writer.rs b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/writer.rs
index 34f31734da670f0ccdb94ce79ab4383b6ddddff6..28918dd4e6a3975ead5aee9fe051958dc39e7b31 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/writer.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/frame/benchmarking-cli/src/pallet/writer.rs
@@ -484,9 +484,6 @@ pub(crate) fn write_results(
 			benchmarks: results.clone(),
 		};
 
-		let file_path = fs::canonicalize(&file_path).map_err(|e| {
-			format!("Could not get absolute path for: {:?}. Error: {:?}", &file_path, e)
-		})?;
 		let mut output_file = fs::File::create(&file_path).map_err(|e| {
 			format!("Could not write weight file to: {:?}. Error: {:?}", &file_path, e)
 		})?;
diff --git a/substrate/utils/frame/rpc/system/src/lib.rs b/substrate/utils/frame/rpc/system/src/lib.rs
index 9fcaa53a35d8f6ed0e904d343ac609b09648fa98..824c871a3562d224b27f8f8a51de69bd17b6dca8 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/frame/rpc/system/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/frame/rpc/system/src/lib.rs
@@ -245,8 +245,13 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let pool =
-			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());
+		let pool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
+			Default::default(),
+			true.into(),
+			None,
+			spawner,
+			client.clone(),
+		));
 
 		let source = sp_runtime::transaction_validity::TransactionSource::External;
 		let new_transaction = |nonce: u64| {
@@ -281,8 +286,13 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let pool =
-			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());
+		let pool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
+			Default::default(),
+			true.into(),
+			None,
+			spawner,
+			client.clone(),
+		));
 
 		let accounts = System::new(client, pool);
 
@@ -300,8 +310,13 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let pool =
-			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());
+		let pool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
+			Default::default(),
+			true.into(),
+			None,
+			spawner,
+			client.clone(),
+		));
 
 		let accounts = System::new(client, pool);
 
@@ -331,8 +346,13 @@ mod tests {
 		// given
 		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
 		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
-		let pool =
-			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());
+		let pool = Arc::from(BasicPool::new_full(
+			Default::default(),
+			true.into(),
+			None,
+			spawner,
+			client.clone(),
+		));
 
 		let accounts = System::new(client, pool);
 
diff --git a/substrate/utils/prometheus/src/lib.rs b/substrate/utils/prometheus/src/lib.rs
index 460640bcd8e410452106de2655cf1a4f357689dc..35597cad03d8876ec58c320d31c0152aec8f9dba 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/prometheus/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/prometheus/src/lib.rs
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ pub use prometheus::{
 		AtomicF64 as F64, AtomicI64 as I64, AtomicU64 as U64, GenericCounter as Counter,
 		GenericCounterVec as CounterVec, GenericGauge as Gauge, GenericGaugeVec as GaugeVec,
 	},
-	exponential_buckets, Error as PrometheusError, Histogram, HistogramOpts, HistogramVec, Opts,
-	Registry,
+	exponential_buckets, histogram_opts, linear_buckets, Error as PrometheusError, Histogram,
+	HistogramOpts, HistogramVec, Opts, Registry,
 };
 pub use sourced::{MetricSource, SourcedCounter, SourcedGauge, SourcedMetric};
 
diff --git a/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/Cargo.toml b/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/Cargo.toml
index 15a1fd007ca25f4f93b1857ec70220b71b8c3d16..8f0e8a23e54af70f3281740ef1f1a0db5b4e643c 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/Cargo.toml
+++ b/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/Cargo.toml
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ frame-metadata = { features = ["current"], optional = true, workspace = true, de
 codec = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 array-bytes = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-tracing = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
+shlex = { workspace = true }
 
 [features]
 # Enable support for generating the metadata hash.
diff --git a/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/src/lib.rs b/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/src/lib.rs
index 07de4c15831b842e6ac559ebf445901744d7d98f..e3f2ff5cd733498a01e3d92b9f731d7247c9761f 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/src/lib.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/src/lib.rs
@@ -84,6 +84,9 @@
 //! - `WASM_BUILD_STD` - Sets whether the Rust's standard library crates will also be built. This is
 //!   necessary to make sure the standard library crates only use the exact WASM feature set that
 //!   our executor supports. Enabled by default.
+//! - `WASM_BUILD_CARGO_ARGS` - This can take a string as space separated list of `cargo` arguments.
+//!   It was added specifically for the use case of enabling JSON diagnostic messages during the
+//!   build phase, to be used by IDEs that parse them, but it might be useful for other cases too.
 //! - `CARGO_NET_OFFLINE` - If `true`, `--offline` will be passed to all processes launched to
 //!   prevent network access. Useful in offline environments.
 //!
@@ -161,6 +164,10 @@ const WASM_BUILD_WORKSPACE_HINT: &str = "WASM_BUILD_WORKSPACE_HINT";
 /// Environment variable to set whether we'll build `core`/`std`.
 const WASM_BUILD_STD: &str = "WASM_BUILD_STD";
 
+/// Environment variable to set additional cargo arguments that might be useful
+/// during the build phase.
+const WASM_BUILD_CARGO_ARGS: &str = "WASM_BUILD_CARGO_ARGS";
+
 /// The target to use for the runtime. Valid values are `wasm` (default) or `riscv`.
 const RUNTIME_TARGET: &str = "SUBSTRATE_RUNTIME_TARGET";
 
diff --git a/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/src/wasm_project.rs b/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/src/wasm_project.rs
index a6eda078fde0fa6192e56f605c4af058208976e4..26edd2ea1f2242525ed61216a309a1d9be367881 100644
--- a/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/src/wasm_project.rs
+++ b/substrate/utils/wasm-builder/src/wasm_project.rs
@@ -601,9 +601,10 @@ fn project_enabled_features(
 			// We don't want to enable the `std`/`default` feature for the wasm build and
 			// we need to check if the feature is enabled by checking the env variable.
 			*f != "std" &&
-				*f != "default" && env::var(format!("CARGO_FEATURE_{}", feature_env))
-				.map(|v| v == "1")
-				.unwrap_or_default()
+				*f != "default" &&
+				env::var(format!("CARGO_FEATURE_{feature_env}"))
+					.map(|v| v == "1")
+					.unwrap_or_default()
 		})
 		.map(|d| d.0.clone())
 		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
@@ -868,6 +869,18 @@ fn build_bloaty_blob(
 		// We don't want to call ourselves recursively
 		.env(crate::SKIP_BUILD_ENV, "");
 
+	let cargo_args = env::var(crate::WASM_BUILD_CARGO_ARGS).unwrap_or_default();
+	if !cargo_args.is_empty() {
+		let Some(args) = shlex::split(&cargo_args) else {
+			build_helper::warning(format!(
+				"the {} environment variable is not a valid shell string",
+				crate::WASM_BUILD_CARGO_ARGS
+			));
+			std::process::exit(1);
+		};
+		build_cmd.args(args);
+	}
+
 	#[cfg(feature = "metadata-hash")]
 	if let Some(hash) = metadata_hash {
 		build_cmd.env("RUNTIME_METADATA_HASH", array_bytes::bytes2hex("0x", &hash));
@@ -1139,6 +1152,7 @@ fn generate_rerun_if_changed_instructions(
 	println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed={}", crate::WASM_BUILD_TOOLCHAIN);
 	println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed={}", crate::WASM_BUILD_STD);
 	println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed={}", crate::RUNTIME_TARGET);
+	println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed={}", crate::WASM_BUILD_CARGO_ARGS);
 }
 
 /// Track files and paths related to the given package to rerun `build.rs` on any relevant change.
diff --git a/templates/minimal/node/src/chain_spec.rs b/templates/minimal/node/src/chain_spec.rs
index 0646460acef641ffd7155a35ae6fb0dba8742ef4..17b98137b416a989ae2668ad5468e0d9bc62de84 100644
--- a/templates/minimal/node/src/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/templates/minimal/node/src/chain_spec.rs
@@ -15,13 +15,11 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-use minimal_template_runtime::{BalancesConfig, SudoConfig, WASM_BINARY};
+use minimal_template_runtime::WASM_BINARY;
 use polkadot_sdk::{
 	sc_service::{ChainType, Properties},
-	sp_keyring::AccountKeyring,
 	*,
 };
-use serde_json::{json, Value};
 
 /// This is a specialization of the general Substrate ChainSpec type.
 pub type ChainSpec = sc_service::GenericChainSpec;
@@ -33,26 +31,12 @@ fn props() -> Properties {
 	properties
 }
 
-pub fn development_config() -> Result<ChainSpec, String> {
+pub fn development_chain_spec() -> Result<ChainSpec, String> {
 	Ok(ChainSpec::builder(WASM_BINARY.expect("Development wasm not available"), Default::default())
 		.with_name("Development")
 		.with_id("dev")
 		.with_chain_type(ChainType::Development)
-		.with_genesis_config_patch(testnet_genesis())
+		.with_genesis_config_preset_name(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET)
 		.with_properties(props())
 		.build())
 }
-
-/// Configure initial storage state for FRAME pallets.
-fn testnet_genesis() -> Value {
-	use minimal_template_runtime::interface::{Balance, MinimumBalance};
-	use polkadot_sdk::polkadot_sdk_frame::traits::Get;
-	let endowment = <MinimumBalance as Get<Balance>>::get().max(1) * 1000;
-	let balances = AccountKeyring::iter()
-		.map(|a| (a.to_account_id(), endowment))
-		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
-	json!({
-		"balances": BalancesConfig { balances },
-		"sudo": SudoConfig { key: Some(AccountKeyring::Alice.to_account_id()) },
-	})
-}
diff --git a/templates/minimal/node/src/command.rs b/templates/minimal/node/src/command.rs
index b09ea1fab2379d1e675b91393204002dfd971ebf..5cb0694d982820519a2a78e72f7f4e081b5771c0 100644
--- a/templates/minimal/node/src/command.rs
+++ b/templates/minimal/node/src/command.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ impl SubstrateCli for Cli {
 
 	fn load_spec(&self, id: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn sc_service::ChainSpec>, String> {
 		Ok(match id {
-			"dev" => Box::new(chain_spec::development_config()?),
+			"dev" => Box::new(chain_spec::development_chain_spec()?),
 			path =>
 				Box::new(chain_spec::ChainSpec::from_json_file(std::path::PathBuf::from(path))?),
 		})
diff --git a/templates/minimal/node/src/service.rs b/templates/minimal/node/src/service.rs
index 08cd345f1e3edf1f524afc42c4ac2c749fe1996e..6ba6959202c41c3d90052fdd9abcc0799b62e939 100644
--- a/templates/minimal/node/src/service.rs
+++ b/templates/minimal/node/src/service.rs
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ pub type Service = sc_service::PartialComponents<
 	FullBackend,
 	FullSelectChain,
 	sc_consensus::DefaultImportQueue<Block>,
-	sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, FullClient>,
+	sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, FullClient>,
 	Option<Telemetry>,
 >;
 
@@ -79,12 +79,15 @@ pub fn new_partial(config: &Configuration) -> Result<Service, ServiceError> {
 
 	let select_chain = sc_consensus::LongestChain::new(backend.clone());
 
-	let transaction_pool = sc_transaction_pool::BasicPool::new_full(
-		config.transaction_pool.clone(),
-		config.role.is_authority().into(),
-		config.prometheus_registry(),
-		task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
-		client.clone(),
+	let transaction_pool = Arc::from(
+		sc_transaction_pool::Builder::new(
+			task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
+			client.clone(),
+			config.role.is_authority().into(),
+		)
+		.with_options(config.transaction_pool.clone())
+		.with_prometheus(config.prometheus_registry())
+		.build(),
 	);
 
 	let import_queue = sc_consensus_manual_seal::import_queue(
diff --git a/templates/minimal/runtime/Cargo.toml b/templates/minimal/runtime/Cargo.toml
index 49ddf3987e96f09171a1a6e8cc457fd292dd77ce..74a09b9396e50b8323b441ab46f169d61a4f758a 100644
--- a/templates/minimal/runtime/Cargo.toml
+++ b/templates/minimal/runtime/Cargo.toml
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ polkadot-sdk = { workspace = true, features = [
 	"pallet-transaction-payment-rpc-runtime-api",
 	"runtime",
 ] }
+serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["alloc"] }
 
 # local pallet templates
 pallet-minimal-template = { workspace = true }
@@ -37,4 +38,5 @@ std = [
 	"pallet-minimal-template/std",
 	"polkadot-sdk/std",
 	"scale-info/std",
+	"serde_json/std",
 ]
diff --git a/templates/minimal/runtime/src/lib.rs b/templates/minimal/runtime/src/lib.rs
index cce13c48af71a145d8458ce49a6d82692de3dd0e..7379e33b6b3e8236c7fae32d2af2a82242442523 100644
--- a/templates/minimal/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/templates/minimal/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/wasm_binary.rs"));
 
 extern crate alloc;
 
-use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
+use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use pallet_transaction_payment::{FeeDetails, RuntimeDispatchInfo};
 use polkadot_sdk::{
 	polkadot_sdk_frame::{
@@ -36,6 +36,54 @@ use polkadot_sdk::{
 	*,
 };
 
+/// Provides getters for genesis configuration presets.
+pub mod genesis_config_presets {
+	use crate::{
+		interface::{Balance, MinimumBalance},
+		sp_genesis_builder::PresetId,
+		sp_keyring::AccountKeyring,
+		BalancesConfig, RuntimeGenesisConfig, SudoConfig,
+	};
+
+	use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
+	use polkadot_sdk::{sp_core::Get, sp_genesis_builder};
+	use serde_json::Value;
+
+	/// Returns a development genesis config preset.
+	pub fn development_config_genesis() -> Value {
+		let endowment = <MinimumBalance as Get<Balance>>::get().max(1) * 1000;
+		let config = RuntimeGenesisConfig {
+			balances: BalancesConfig {
+				balances: AccountKeyring::iter()
+					.map(|a| (a.to_account_id(), endowment))
+					.collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+			},
+			sudo: SudoConfig { key: Some(AccountKeyring::Alice.to_account_id()) },
+			..Default::default()
+		};
+
+		serde_json::to_value(config).expect("Could not build genesis config.")
+	}
+
+	/// Get the set of the available genesis config presets.
+	pub fn get_preset(id: &PresetId) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
+		let patch = match id.try_into() {
+			Ok(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET) => development_config_genesis(),
+			_ => return None,
+		};
+		Some(
+			serde_json::to_string(&patch)
+				.expect("serialization to json is expected to work. qed.")
+				.into_bytes(),
+		)
+	}
+
+	/// List of supported presets.
+	pub fn preset_names() -> Vec<PresetId> {
+		vec![PresetId::from(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET)]
+	}
+}
+
 /// The runtime version.
 #[runtime_version]
 pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
@@ -272,11 +320,11 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 		}
 
 		fn get_preset(id: &Option<sp_genesis_builder::PresetId>) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
-			get_preset::<RuntimeGenesisConfig>(id, |_| None)
+			get_preset::<RuntimeGenesisConfig>(id, self::genesis_config_presets::get_preset)
 		}
 
 		fn preset_names() -> Vec<sp_genesis_builder::PresetId> {
-			vec![]
+			self::genesis_config_presets::preset_names()
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/templates/parachain/node/Cargo.toml b/templates/parachain/node/Cargo.toml
index c0c81d8222a444503b30323eff0f44086bf87788..ba5f1212b79c47b5204dff0a8ba2da4a30af3e5a 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/node/Cargo.toml
+++ b/templates/parachain/node/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,9 +10,6 @@ edition.workspace = true
 publish = false
 build = "build.rs"
 
-# [[bin]]
-# name = "parachain-template-node"
-
 [dependencies]
 clap = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
@@ -22,82 +19,31 @@ jsonrpsee = { features = ["server"], workspace = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 docify = { workspace = true }
+color-print = { workspace = true }
+
+polkadot-sdk = { workspace = true, features = ["node"] }
 
-# Local
 parachain-template-runtime = { workspace = true }
 
 # Substrate
-frame-benchmarking = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-frame-benchmarking-cli = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-pallet-transaction-payment-rpc = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-basic-authorship = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-chain-spec = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-cli = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-client-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-offchain = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-consensus = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-executor = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-network = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-network-sync = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-rpc = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-service = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-sysinfo = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-telemetry = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-tracing = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-transaction-pool = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sc-transaction-pool-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-block-builder = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-blockchain = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-keystore = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-io = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-runtime = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-timestamp = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-substrate-frame-rpc-system = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 prometheus-endpoint = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
-# Polkadot
-polkadot-cli = { features = ["rococo-native"], workspace = true, default-features = true }
-polkadot-primitives = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-xcm = { workspace = true }
-
-# Cumulus
-cumulus-client-cli = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-cumulus-client-collator = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-cumulus-client-consensus-aura = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-cumulus-client-consensus-common = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-cumulus-client-consensus-proposer = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-cumulus-client-service = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-cumulus-primitives-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-cumulus-primitives-parachain-inherent = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-cumulus-relay-chain-interface = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-color-print = { workspace = true }
-
 [build-dependencies]
-substrate-build-script-utils = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+polkadot-sdk = { workspace = true, features = ["substrate-build-script-utils"] }
 
 [features]
 default = ["std"]
 std = [
 	"log/std",
 	"parachain-template-runtime/std",
-	"xcm/std",
+	"polkadot-sdk/std",
 ]
 runtime-benchmarks = [
-	"cumulus-primitives-core/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"frame-benchmarking-cli/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"frame-benchmarking/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"parachain-template-runtime/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"polkadot-cli/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"polkadot-primitives/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"sc-service/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"sp-runtime/runtime-benchmarks",
+	"polkadot-sdk/runtime-benchmarks",
 ]
 try-runtime = [
 	"parachain-template-runtime/try-runtime",
-	"polkadot-cli/try-runtime",
-	"sp-runtime/try-runtime",
+	"polkadot-sdk/try-runtime",
 ]
diff --git a/templates/parachain/node/build.rs b/templates/parachain/node/build.rs
index e3bfe3116bf28dba1872f7d0b64c2ee0c9c71c3c..8ee8f23d8548d506647d040cbfe63179b90c6f60 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/node/build.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/node/build.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use substrate_build_script_utils::{generate_cargo_keys, rerun_if_git_head_changed};
+use polkadot_sdk::substrate_build_script_utils::{generate_cargo_keys, rerun_if_git_head_changed};
 
 fn main() {
 	generate_cargo_keys();
diff --git a/templates/parachain/node/src/chain_spec.rs b/templates/parachain/node/src/chain_spec.rs
index 7cdd362dffb80db6bb2edc2b9aad0175eca9d2ae..55a099dd022b731054042d61b8cb45191b459786 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/node/src/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/node/src/chain_spec.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 use parachain_template_runtime as runtime;
 use sc_chain_spec::{ChainSpecExtension, ChainSpecGroup};
 use sc_service::ChainType;
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ impl Extensions {
 	}
 }
 
-pub fn development_config() -> ChainSpec {
+pub fn development_chain_spec() -> ChainSpec {
 	// Give your base currency a unit name and decimal places
 	let mut properties = sc_chain_spec::Properties::new();
 	properties.insert("tokenSymbol".into(), "UNIT".into());
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ pub fn development_config() -> ChainSpec {
 	.build()
 }
 
-pub fn local_testnet_config() -> ChainSpec {
+pub fn local_chain_spec() -> ChainSpec {
 	// Give your base currency a unit name and decimal places
 	let mut properties = sc_chain_spec::Properties::new();
 	properties.insert("tokenSymbol".into(), "UNIT".into());
diff --git a/templates/parachain/node/src/cli.rs b/templates/parachain/node/src/cli.rs
index f008e856d99b8ba4dceac5835681920713d2d3f9..c8bdbc10d751ff8150b241092b5322bf763ac581 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/node/src/cli.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/node/src/cli.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use polkadot_sdk::*;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
 /// Sub-commands supported by the collator.
diff --git a/templates/parachain/node/src/command.rs b/templates/parachain/node/src/command.rs
index 610dbd7a686a9c5ac875a0b76a59b35767c97bad..938bda837e0dc58bf553ed38f93ea4f761eb25cb 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/node/src/command.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/node/src/command.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 use cumulus_client_service::storage_proof_size::HostFunctions as ReclaimHostFunctions;
 use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
 use frame_benchmarking_cli::{BenchmarkCmd, SUBSTRATE_REFERENCE_HARDWARE};
@@ -17,9 +19,9 @@ use crate::{
 
 fn load_spec(id: &str) -> std::result::Result<Box<dyn ChainSpec>, String> {
 	Ok(match id {
-		"dev" => Box::new(chain_spec::development_config()),
-		"template-rococo" => Box::new(chain_spec::local_testnet_config()),
-		"" | "local" => Box::new(chain_spec::local_testnet_config()),
+		"dev" => Box::new(chain_spec::development_chain_spec()),
+		"template-rococo" => Box::new(chain_spec::local_chain_spec()),
+		"" | "local" => Box::new(chain_spec::local_chain_spec()),
 		path => Box::new(chain_spec::ChainSpec::from_json_file(std::path::PathBuf::from(path))?),
 	})
 }
diff --git a/templates/parachain/node/src/main.rs b/templates/parachain/node/src/main.rs
index 12738a6793c039dc20cc4f8721ebd2ea0a7e69e9..46ebcfd266d969c730dea26612d0bdcda7ba8769 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/node/src/main.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/node/src/main.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
 
+use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 mod chain_spec;
 mod cli;
 mod command;
diff --git a/templates/parachain/node/src/rpc.rs b/templates/parachain/node/src/rpc.rs
index 4937469e11e2d1b743940a633a2b979853abad5e..7549a5d090d7555434acb64efcc1acaad398a46e 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/node/src/rpc.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/node/src/rpc.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use parachain_template_runtime::{opaque::Block, AccountId, Balance, Nonce};
 
+use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 use sc_transaction_pool_api::TransactionPool;
 use sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi;
 use sp_block_builder::BlockBuilder;
diff --git a/templates/parachain/node/src/service.rs b/templates/parachain/node/src/service.rs
index 04e20be2bd40d0a80f4494926b44ee6d3b24e563..dd7dff2ebf164b894ac73cea26bcf7df9503c2d4 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/node/src/service.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/node/src/service.rs
@@ -3,14 +3,16 @@
 // std
 use std::{sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 
-use cumulus_client_cli::CollatorOptions;
 // Local Runtime Types
 use parachain_template_runtime::{
 	apis::RuntimeApi,
 	opaque::{Block, Hash},
 };
 
+use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 // Cumulus Imports
+use cumulus_client_cli::CollatorOptions;
 use cumulus_client_collator::service::CollatorService;
 #[docify::export(lookahead_collator)]
 use cumulus_client_consensus_aura::collators::lookahead::{self as aura, Params as AuraParams};
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ pub type Service = PartialComponents<
 	ParachainBackend,
 	(),
 	sc_consensus::DefaultImportQueue<Block>,
-	sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, ParachainClient>,
+	sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, ParachainClient>,
 	(ParachainBlockImport, Option<Telemetry>, Option<TelemetryWorkerHandle>),
 >;
 
@@ -105,12 +107,15 @@ pub fn new_partial(config: &Configuration) -> Result<Service, sc_service::Error>
 		telemetry
 	});
 
-	let transaction_pool = sc_transaction_pool::BasicPool::new_full(
-		config.transaction_pool.clone(),
-		config.role.is_authority().into(),
-		config.prometheus_registry(),
-		task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
-		client.clone(),
+	let transaction_pool = Arc::from(
+		sc_transaction_pool::Builder::new(
+			task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
+			client.clone(),
+			config.role.is_authority().into(),
+		)
+		.with_options(config.transaction_pool.clone())
+		.with_prometheus(config.prometheus_registry())
+		.build(),
 	);
 
 	let block_import = ParachainBlockImport::new(client.clone(), backend.clone());
@@ -171,7 +176,7 @@ fn start_consensus(
 	telemetry: Option<TelemetryHandle>,
 	task_manager: &TaskManager,
 	relay_chain_interface: Arc<dyn RelayChainInterface>,
-	transaction_pool: Arc<sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, ParachainClient>>,
+	transaction_pool: Arc<sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, ParachainClient>>,
 	keystore: KeystorePtr,
 	relay_chain_slot_duration: Duration,
 	para_id: ParaId,
diff --git a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/Cargo.toml b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/Cargo.toml
index dde863101372e9b30a6aff3062618509b1743520..dc1088cb33fe642d4911a9d2a233bb612565aa4e 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/Cargo.toml
+++ b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,45 +13,16 @@ publish = false
 targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
 
 [dependencies]
-codec = { features = [
-	"derive",
-], workspace = true }
-scale-info = { features = [
-	"derive",
-], workspace = true }
+codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
+scale-info = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 
-# frame deps
-frame-benchmarking = { optional = true, workspace = true }
-frame-support = { workspace = true }
-frame-system = { workspace = true }
-
-# primitive deps
-sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
-
-[dev-dependencies]
-sp-core = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
-sp-io = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+frame = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = [
+	"experimental",
+	"runtime",
+] }
 
 [features]
 default = ["std"]
-runtime-benchmarks = [
-	"frame-benchmarking/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"frame-support/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"frame-system/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"sp-runtime/runtime-benchmarks",
-]
-std = [
-	"codec/std",
-	"scale-info/std",
-
-	"frame-benchmarking?/std",
-	"frame-support/std",
-	"frame-system/std",
-
-	"sp-runtime/std",
-]
-try-runtime = [
-	"frame-support/try-runtime",
-	"frame-system/try-runtime",
-	"sp-runtime/try-runtime",
-]
+runtime-benchmarks = ["frame/runtime-benchmarks"]
+std = ["codec/std", "frame/std", "scale-info/std"]
+try-runtime = ["frame/try-runtime"]
diff --git a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs
index 5acad6e60decc5eb3e80833712fadfc0d42c1857..9f2d09904f50ba8d33ce02f351bc999c189f3c09 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 //! Benchmarking setup for pallet-template
-#![cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
 
 use super::*;
-use frame_benchmarking::v2::*;
+use frame::{deps::frame_benchmarking::v2::*, prelude::*};
 
 #[benchmarks]
 mod benchmarks {
diff --git a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/lib.rs b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/lib.rs
index 6bfb98972aedfc324edc3f064c7cf2d0d28d6a67..211bef51aa86ef581981d7cf66cef95b0013dbc8 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/lib.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/lib.rs
@@ -66,17 +66,13 @@ mod benchmarking;
 // To see a full list of `pallet` macros and their use cases, see:
 // <https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_example_kitchensink/index.html>
 // <https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/frame_support/pallet_macros/index.html>
-#[frame_support::pallet]
+#[frame::pallet]
 pub mod pallet {
-	use frame_support::{dispatch::DispatchResultWithPostInfo, pallet_prelude::*, DefaultNoBound};
-	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::*;
-	use sp_runtime::traits::{CheckedAdd, One};
+	use frame::prelude::*;
 
 	/// Configure the pallet by specifying the parameters and types on which it depends.
 	#[pallet::config]
 	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
-		/// Because this pallet emits events, it depends on the runtime's definition of an event.
-		/// <https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/polkadot_sdk_docs/reference_docs/frame_runtime_types/index.html>
 		type RuntimeEvent: From<Event<Self>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::RuntimeEvent>;
 
 		/// A type representing the weights required by the dispatchables of this pallet.
diff --git a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/mock.rs b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/mock.rs
index b8c730b6eb5d68634b43838a360a67e1fab298e2..b924428d4145c51ec7de253d59380cdb8dce57f6 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/mock.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/mock.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-use frame_support::{derive_impl, weights::constants::RocksDbWeight};
-use frame_system::{mocking::MockBlock, GenesisConfig};
-use sp_runtime::{traits::ConstU64, BuildStorage};
+use frame::{
+	deps::{frame_support::weights::constants::RocksDbWeight, frame_system::GenesisConfig},
+	prelude::*,
+	runtime::prelude::*,
+	testing_prelude::*,
+};
 
 // Configure a mock runtime to test the pallet.
-#[frame_support::runtime]
+#[frame_construct_runtime]
 mod test_runtime {
 	#[runtime::runtime]
 	#[runtime::derive(
@@ -39,6 +42,6 @@ impl crate::Config for Test {
 }
 
 // Build genesis storage according to the mock runtime.
-pub fn new_test_ext() -> sp_io::TestExternalities {
+pub fn new_test_ext() -> TestState {
 	GenesisConfig::<Test>::default().build_storage().unwrap().into()
 }
diff --git a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/tests.rs b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/tests.rs
index 2f641ce08fbb032aa1722a29712c1c862eaa0858..14609fd6dba7a97c5adc8f55c11cf9d2670ea7f3 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/tests.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/tests.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::{mock::*, Error, Something};
-use frame_support::{assert_noop, assert_ok};
+use frame::testing_prelude::*;
 
 #[test]
 fn it_works_for_default_value() {
diff --git a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/weights.rs b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/weights.rs
index 4b4522429c6ceab1d027194e3f85e070ead595c6..9295492bc20bc919fa7f728260a25e9f0de31005 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/weights.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/pallets/template/src/weights.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 #![allow(unused_parens)]
 #![allow(unused_imports)]
 
-use frame_support::{traits::Get, weights::{Weight, constants::RocksDbWeight}};
+use frame::{deps::frame_support::weights::constants::RocksDbWeight, prelude::*};
 use core::marker::PhantomData;
 
 /// Weight functions needed for pallet_template.
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/Cargo.toml b/templates/parachain/runtime/Cargo.toml
index 45c77d18e8167ba2a63e5549e4e8019f0887360d..f1d33b4143e4440a5b993cfeb351da25ca9c3242 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/Cargo.toml
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,183 +17,77 @@ substrate-wasm-builder = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features =
 docify = { workspace = true }
 
 [dependencies]
-codec = { features = [
-	"derive",
-], workspace = true }
+codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 hex-literal = { optional = true, workspace = true, default-features = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
-scale-info = { features = [
-	"derive",
-], workspace = true }
+scale-info = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
 smallvec = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 docify = { workspace = true }
-serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = false }
+serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["alloc"] }
 
 # Local
 pallet-parachain-template = { workspace = true }
 
-# Substrate / FRAME
-frame-benchmarking = { optional = true, workspace = true }
-frame-executive = { workspace = true }
-frame-metadata-hash-extension = { workspace = true }
-frame-support = { features = ["experimental"], workspace = true }
-frame-system = { workspace = true }
-frame-system-benchmarking = { optional = true, workspace = true }
-frame-system-rpc-runtime-api = { workspace = true }
-frame-try-runtime = { optional = true, workspace = true }
+polkadot-sdk = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = [
+	"pallet-aura",
+	"pallet-authorship",
+	"pallet-balances",
+	"pallet-message-queue",
+	"pallet-session",
+	"pallet-sudo",
+	"pallet-timestamp",
+	"pallet-transaction-payment",
+	"pallet-transaction-payment-rpc-runtime-api",
 
-# FRAME Pallets
-pallet-aura = { workspace = true }
-pallet-authorship = { workspace = true }
-pallet-balances = { workspace = true }
-pallet-message-queue = { workspace = true }
-pallet-session = { workspace = true }
-pallet-sudo = { workspace = true }
-pallet-timestamp = { workspace = true }
-pallet-transaction-payment = { workspace = true }
-pallet-transaction-payment-rpc-runtime-api = { workspace = true }
+	"pallet-xcm",
+	"polkadot-parachain-primitives",
+	"polkadot-runtime-common",
+	"staging-xcm",
+	"staging-xcm-builder",
+	"staging-xcm-executor",
 
-# Substrate	Primitives
-sp-api = { workspace = true }
-sp-block-builder = { workspace = true }
-sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true }
-sp-core = { workspace = true }
-sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true }
-sp-inherents = { workspace = true }
-sp-offchain = { workspace = true }
-sp-runtime = { workspace = true }
-sp-session = { workspace = true }
-sp-transaction-pool = { workspace = true }
-sp-version = { workspace = true }
+	"cumulus-pallet-aura-ext",
+	"cumulus-pallet-session-benchmarking",
+	"cumulus-pallet-xcm",
+	"cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue",
+	"cumulus-primitives-aura",
+	"cumulus-primitives-core",
+	"cumulus-primitives-storage-weight-reclaim",
+	"cumulus-primitives-utility",
+	"pallet-collator-selection",
+	"parachains-common",
+	"staging-parachain-info",
 
-# Polkadot
-pallet-xcm = { workspace = true }
-polkadot-parachain-primitives = { workspace = true }
-polkadot-runtime-common = { workspace = true }
-xcm = { workspace = true }
-xcm-builder = { workspace = true }
-xcm-executor = { workspace = true }
+	"runtime",
+] }
 
 # Cumulus
-cumulus-pallet-aura-ext = { workspace = true }
 cumulus-pallet-parachain-system = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-pallet-session-benchmarking = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-pallet-xcm = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-primitives-aura = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-primitives-core = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-primitives-utility = { workspace = true }
-cumulus-primitives-storage-weight-reclaim = { workspace = true }
-pallet-collator-selection = { workspace = true }
-parachains-common = { workspace = true }
-parachain-info = { workspace = true }
 
 [features]
 default = ["std"]
 std = [
 	"codec/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-aura-ext/std",
 	"cumulus-pallet-parachain-system/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-session-benchmarking/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-xcm/std",
-	"cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue/std",
-	"cumulus-primitives-aura/std",
-	"cumulus-primitives-core/std",
-	"cumulus-primitives-storage-weight-reclaim/std",
-	"cumulus-primitives-utility/std",
-	"frame-benchmarking?/std",
-	"frame-executive/std",
-	"frame-metadata-hash-extension/std",
-	"frame-support/std",
-	"frame-system-benchmarking?/std",
-	"frame-system-rpc-runtime-api/std",
-	"frame-system/std",
-	"frame-try-runtime?/std",
 	"log/std",
-	"pallet-aura/std",
-	"pallet-authorship/std",
-	"pallet-balances/std",
-	"pallet-collator-selection/std",
-	"pallet-message-queue/std",
 	"pallet-parachain-template/std",
-	"pallet-session/std",
-	"pallet-sudo/std",
-	"pallet-timestamp/std",
-	"pallet-transaction-payment-rpc-runtime-api/std",
-	"pallet-transaction-payment/std",
-	"pallet-xcm/std",
-	"parachain-info/std",
-	"parachains-common/std",
-	"polkadot-parachain-primitives/std",
-	"polkadot-runtime-common/std",
+	"polkadot-sdk/std",
 	"scale-info/std",
 	"serde_json/std",
-	"sp-api/std",
-	"sp-block-builder/std",
-	"sp-consensus-aura/std",
-	"sp-core/std",
-	"sp-genesis-builder/std",
-	"sp-inherents/std",
-	"sp-offchain/std",
-	"sp-runtime/std",
-	"sp-session/std",
-	"sp-transaction-pool/std",
-	"sp-version/std",
 	"substrate-wasm-builder",
-	"xcm-builder/std",
-	"xcm-executor/std",
-	"xcm/std",
 ]
 
 runtime-benchmarks = [
 	"cumulus-pallet-parachain-system/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"cumulus-pallet-session-benchmarking/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"cumulus-primitives-core/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"cumulus-primitives-utility/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"frame-benchmarking/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"frame-support/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"frame-system-benchmarking/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"frame-system/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"hex-literal",
-	"pallet-balances/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"pallet-collator-selection/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"pallet-message-queue/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"pallet-parachain-template/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"pallet-sudo/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"pallet-timestamp/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"pallet-xcm/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"parachains-common/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"polkadot-parachain-primitives/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"polkadot-runtime-common/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"sp-runtime/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"xcm-builder/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"xcm-executor/runtime-benchmarks",
+	"polkadot-sdk/runtime-benchmarks",
 ]
 
 try-runtime = [
-	"cumulus-pallet-aura-ext/try-runtime",
 	"cumulus-pallet-parachain-system/try-runtime",
-	"cumulus-pallet-xcm/try-runtime",
-	"cumulus-pallet-xcmp-queue/try-runtime",
-	"frame-executive/try-runtime",
-	"frame-support/try-runtime",
-	"frame-system/try-runtime",
-	"frame-try-runtime/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-aura/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-authorship/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-balances/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-collator-selection/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-message-queue/try-runtime",
 	"pallet-parachain-template/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-session/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-sudo/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-timestamp/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-transaction-payment/try-runtime",
-	"pallet-xcm/try-runtime",
-	"parachain-info/try-runtime",
-	"polkadot-runtime-common/try-runtime",
-	"sp-runtime/try-runtime",
+	"polkadot-sdk/try-runtime",
 ]
 
 # Enable the metadata hash generation.
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/apis.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/apis.rs
index 243db1b6dde0c27e87b9c4c50dddc5aa2c4c2ef8..eba9293a67ba1aa46b7697f7e03d31cca681fdca 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/apis.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/apis.rs
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@
 
 // External crates imports
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
+
+use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 use frame_support::{
 	genesis_builder_helper::{build_state, get_preset},
 	weights::Weight,
@@ -241,10 +244,10 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 	impl frame_benchmarking::Benchmark<Block> for Runtime {
 		fn benchmark_metadata(extra: bool) -> (
 			Vec<frame_benchmarking::BenchmarkList>,
-			Vec<frame_support::traits::StorageInfo>,
+			Vec<polkadot_sdk::frame_support::traits::StorageInfo>,
 		) {
 			use frame_benchmarking::{Benchmarking, BenchmarkList};
-			use frame_support::traits::StorageInfoTrait;
+			use polkadot_sdk::frame_support::traits::StorageInfoTrait;
 			use frame_system_benchmarking::Pallet as SystemBench;
 			use cumulus_pallet_session_benchmarking::Pallet as SessionBench;
 			use super::*;
@@ -277,7 +280,7 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 			use cumulus_pallet_session_benchmarking::Pallet as SessionBench;
 			impl cumulus_pallet_session_benchmarking::Config for Runtime {}
 
-			use frame_support::traits::WhitelistedStorageKeys;
+			use polkadot_sdk::frame_support::traits::WhitelistedStorageKeys;
 			let whitelist = AllPalletsWithSystem::whitelisted_storage_keys();
 
 			let mut batches = Vec::<BenchmarkBatch>::new();
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/benchmarks.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/benchmarks.rs
index 9fbf1ad82bdb854cbd68d0fa07a33e0de2a2ae43..aae50e7258c0616248a5b11d3efab88e4258dba9 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/benchmarks.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/benchmarks.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 //
 // For more information, please refer to <http://unlicense.org>
 
-frame_benchmarking::define_benchmarks!(
+polkadot_sdk::frame_benchmarking::define_benchmarks!(
 	[frame_system, SystemBench::<Runtime>]
 	[pallet_balances, Balances]
 	[pallet_session, SessionBench::<Runtime>]
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/configs/mod.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/configs/mod.rs
index 456187337121b4ae4f52aa0669b53178b887e466..0cf6497fd95e42bc60fe065d494d920693fbac21 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/configs/mod.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/configs/mod.rs
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@
 
 mod xcm_config;
 
+use polkadot_sdk::{staging_parachain_info as parachain_info, staging_xcm as xcm, *};
+#[cfg(not(feature = "runtime-benchmarks"))]
+use polkadot_sdk::{staging_xcm_builder as xcm_builder, staging_xcm_executor as xcm_executor};
+
 // Substrate and Polkadot dependencies
 use cumulus_pallet_parachain_system::RelayNumberMonotonicallyIncreases;
 use cumulus_primitives_core::{AggregateMessageOrigin, ParaId};
@@ -158,6 +162,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type MaxFreezes = VariantCountOf<RuntimeFreezeReason>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/configs/xcm_config.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/configs/xcm_config.rs
index e162bcbf88686c00ea10dc9b06c985329faa763b..3da3b711f4ff3ccec15bd94947e0eb4c9f5e110f 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/configs/xcm_config.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/configs/xcm_config.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@ use crate::{
 	AccountId, AllPalletsWithSystem, Balances, ParachainInfo, ParachainSystem, PolkadotXcm,
 	Runtime, RuntimeCall, RuntimeEvent, RuntimeOrigin, WeightToFee, XcmpQueue,
 };
+
+use polkadot_sdk::{
+	staging_xcm as xcm, staging_xcm_builder as xcm_builder, staging_xcm_executor as xcm_executor, *,
+};
+
 use frame_support::{
 	parameter_types,
 	traits::{ConstU32, Contains, Everything, Nothing},
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
index fec53d17394ca2363094026526cbc59bd25385e5..322c91f4f136aaa007b15b00fa3f3c5f8eaad4a3 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
-use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
-
 use crate::{
 	AccountId, BalancesConfig, CollatorSelectionConfig, ParachainInfoConfig, PolkadotXcmConfig,
 	RuntimeGenesisConfig, SessionConfig, SessionKeys, SudoConfig, EXISTENTIAL_DEPOSIT,
 };
+
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
-use parachains_common::{genesis_config_helpers::*, AuraId};
+
+use polkadot_sdk::{staging_xcm as xcm, *};
+
+use cumulus_primitives_core::ParaId;
+use parachains_common::AuraId;
 use serde_json::Value;
-use sp_core::sr25519;
 use sp_genesis_builder::PresetId;
+use sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
 
 /// The default XCM version to set in genesis config.
 const SAFE_XCM_VERSION: u32 = xcm::prelude::XCM_VERSION;
@@ -68,30 +71,11 @@ fn local_testnet_genesis() -> Value {
 	testnet_genesis(
 		// initial collators.
 		vec![
-			(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			),
-			(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-			),
-		],
-		vec![
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+			(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+			(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 		],
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		1000.into(),
 	)
 }
@@ -100,30 +84,11 @@ fn development_config_genesis() -> Value {
 	testnet_genesis(
 		// initial collators.
 		vec![
-			(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Alice"),
-			),
-			(
-				get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-				get_collator_keys_from_seed::<AuraId>("Bob"),
-			),
-		],
-		vec![
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
+			(Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into()),
+			(Sr25519Keyring::Bob.to_account_id(), Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into()),
 		],
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
+		Sr25519Keyring::well_known().map(|k| k.to_account_id()).collect(),
+		Sr25519Keyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
 		1000.into(),
 	)
 }
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/lib.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/lib.rs
index ccec648ce4c19e52a73659fd8dc4a9ab9582414e..cb30eb0e80d211ec1305b048819706f534cfeb37 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ mod weights;
 extern crate alloc;
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use smallvec::smallvec;
+
+use polkadot_sdk::{staging_parachain_info as parachain_info, *};
+
 use sp_runtime::{
 	create_runtime_str, generic, impl_opaque_keys,
 	traits::{BlakeTwo256, IdentifyAccount, Verify},
@@ -33,9 +36,6 @@ use frame_support::weights::{
 pub use sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::AuthorityId as AuraId;
 pub use sp_runtime::{MultiAddress, Perbill, Permill};
 
-#[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
-pub use sp_runtime::BuildStorage;
-
 use weights::ExtrinsicBaseWeight;
 
 /// Alias to 512-bit hash when used in the context of a transaction signature on the chain.
@@ -140,13 +140,12 @@ impl WeightToFeePolynomial for WeightToFee {
 /// to even the core data structures.
 pub mod opaque {
 	use super::*;
-	use sp_runtime::{
+	pub use polkadot_sdk::sp_runtime::OpaqueExtrinsic as UncheckedExtrinsic;
+	use polkadot_sdk::sp_runtime::{
 		generic,
 		traits::{BlakeTwo256, Hash as HashT},
 	};
 
-	pub use sp_runtime::OpaqueExtrinsic as UncheckedExtrinsic;
-
 	/// Opaque block header type.
 	pub type Header = generic::Header<BlockNumber, BlakeTwo256>;
 	/// Opaque block type.
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/block_weights.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/block_weights.rs
index e7fdb2aae2a01ec06076de83d94817e540e205dd..9e095a412ec2772b44ef151b7ec7b9491e331155 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/block_weights.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/block_weights.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 pub mod constants {
+	use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 	use frame_support::{
 		parameter_types,
 		weights::{constants, Weight},
@@ -29,6 +31,8 @@ pub mod constants {
 
 	#[cfg(test)]
 	mod test_weights {
+		use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 		use frame_support::weights::constants;
 
 		/// Checks that the weight exists and is sane.
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/extrinsic_weights.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/extrinsic_weights.rs
index 1a4adb968bb7195428ea00d59cd92dcd3b6eea5f..1a00a9cd0398a2e3879599bb5336c2b783157497 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/extrinsic_weights.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/extrinsic_weights.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 pub mod constants {
+	use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 	use frame_support::{
 		parameter_types,
 		weights::{constants, Weight},
@@ -29,6 +31,8 @@ pub mod constants {
 
 	#[cfg(test)]
 	mod test_weights {
+		use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 		use frame_support::weights::constants;
 
 		/// Checks that the weight exists and is sane.
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/paritydb_weights.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/paritydb_weights.rs
index 25679703831a13b8d1bb7fb7dd4d92fa84b1f255..9071c58ec7f232c87f5403a0a33dc1c86082aecf 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/paritydb_weights.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/paritydb_weights.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 pub mod constants {
+	use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 	use frame_support::{
 		parameter_types,
 		weights::{constants, RuntimeDbWeight},
@@ -32,6 +34,8 @@ pub mod constants {
 
 	#[cfg(test)]
 	mod test_db_weights {
+		use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 		use super::constants::ParityDbWeight as W;
 		use frame_support::weights::constants;
 
diff --git a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/rocksdb_weights.rs b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/rocksdb_weights.rs
index 3dd817aa6f137085b0e5fdf2b11b7f50e5c8b002..89e0b643aabe0d6c98b1f83acbea53ed8e6c3477 100644
--- a/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/rocksdb_weights.rs
+++ b/templates/parachain/runtime/src/weights/rocksdb_weights.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 pub mod constants {
+	use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 	use frame_support::{
 		parameter_types,
 		weights::{constants, RuntimeDbWeight},
@@ -32,6 +34,8 @@ pub mod constants {
 
 	#[cfg(test)]
 	mod test_db_weights {
+		use polkadot_sdk::*;
+
 		use super::constants::RocksDbWeight as W;
 		use frame_support::weights::constants;
 
diff --git a/templates/solochain/node/Cargo.toml b/templates/solochain/node/Cargo.toml
index 8f74c6b3cb55bc190616292458e847002faf440b..a0285e048d1b41647b34a6447204327f9c1b32ae 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/node/Cargo.toml
+++ b/templates/solochain/node/Cargo.toml
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ sp-consensus-aura = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-consensus = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-consensus-grandpa = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sp-consensus-grandpa = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
+sp-genesis-builder = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-client-api = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 sc-basic-authorship = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
@@ -66,9 +67,7 @@ substrate-build-script-utils = { workspace = true, default-features = true }
 
 [features]
 default = ["std"]
-std = [
-	"solochain-template-runtime/std",
-]
+std = ["solochain-template-runtime/std"]
 # Dependencies that are only required if runtime benchmarking should be build.
 runtime-benchmarks = [
 	"frame-benchmarking-cli/runtime-benchmarks",
diff --git a/templates/solochain/node/src/chain_spec.rs b/templates/solochain/node/src/chain_spec.rs
index 651025e68ded916485f03b377bb44482d89ac5ba..086bf7accf3a9f9cccaa2eff2ec6b0d080a3809e 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/node/src/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/templates/solochain/node/src/chain_spec.rs
@@ -1,39 +1,10 @@
 use sc_service::ChainType;
-use solochain_template_runtime::{AccountId, Signature, WASM_BINARY};
-use sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::AuthorityId as AuraId;
-use sp_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId as GrandpaId;
-use sp_core::{sr25519, Pair, Public};
-use sp_runtime::traits::{IdentifyAccount, Verify};
-
-// The URL for the telemetry server.
-// const STAGING_TELEMETRY_URL: &str = "wss://telemetry.polkadot.io/submit/";
+use solochain_template_runtime::WASM_BINARY;
 
 /// Specialized `ChainSpec`. This is a specialization of the general Substrate ChainSpec type.
 pub type ChainSpec = sc_service::GenericChainSpec;
 
-/// Generate a crypto pair from seed.
-pub fn get_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> <TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public {
-	TPublic::Pair::from_string(&format!("//{}", seed), None)
-		.expect("static values are valid; qed")
-		.public()
-}
-
-type AccountPublic = <Signature as Verify>::Signer;
-
-/// Generate an account ID from seed.
-pub fn get_account_id_from_seed<TPublic: Public>(seed: &str) -> AccountId
-where
-	AccountPublic: From<<TPublic::Pair as Pair>::Public>,
-{
-	AccountPublic::from(get_from_seed::<TPublic>(seed)).into_account()
-}
-
-/// Generate an Aura authority key.
-pub fn authority_keys_from_seed(s: &str) -> (AuraId, GrandpaId) {
-	(get_from_seed::<AuraId>(s), get_from_seed::<GrandpaId>(s))
-}
-
-pub fn development_config() -> Result<ChainSpec, String> {
+pub fn development_chain_spec() -> Result<ChainSpec, String> {
 	Ok(ChainSpec::builder(
 		WASM_BINARY.ok_or_else(|| "Development wasm not available".to_string())?,
 		None,
@@ -41,24 +12,11 @@ pub fn development_config() -> Result<ChainSpec, String> {
 	.with_name("Development")
 	.with_id("dev")
 	.with_chain_type(ChainType::Development)
-	.with_genesis_config_patch(testnet_genesis(
-		// Initial PoA authorities
-		vec![authority_keys_from_seed("Alice")],
-		// Sudo account
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		// Pre-funded accounts
-		vec![
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-		],
-		true,
-	))
+	.with_genesis_config_preset_name(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET)
 	.build())
 }
 
-pub fn local_testnet_config() -> Result<ChainSpec, String> {
+pub fn local_chain_spec() -> Result<ChainSpec, String> {
 	Ok(ChainSpec::builder(
 		WASM_BINARY.ok_or_else(|| "Development wasm not available".to_string())?,
 		None,
@@ -66,52 +24,6 @@ pub fn local_testnet_config() -> Result<ChainSpec, String> {
 	.with_name("Local Testnet")
 	.with_id("local_testnet")
 	.with_chain_type(ChainType::Local)
-	.with_genesis_config_patch(testnet_genesis(
-		// Initial PoA authorities
-		vec![authority_keys_from_seed("Alice"), authority_keys_from_seed("Bob")],
-		// Sudo account
-		get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-		// Pre-funded accounts
-		vec![
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Alice//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Bob//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Charlie//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Dave//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Eve//stash"),
-			get_account_id_from_seed::<sr25519::Public>("Ferdie//stash"),
-		],
-		true,
-	))
+	.with_genesis_config_preset_name(sp_genesis_builder::LOCAL_TESTNET_RUNTIME_PRESET)
 	.build())
 }
-
-/// Configure initial storage state for FRAME modules.
-fn testnet_genesis(
-	initial_authorities: Vec<(AuraId, GrandpaId)>,
-	root_key: AccountId,
-	endowed_accounts: Vec<AccountId>,
-	_enable_println: bool,
-) -> serde_json::Value {
-	serde_json::json!({
-		"balances": {
-			// Configure endowed accounts with initial balance of 1 << 60.
-			"balances": endowed_accounts.iter().cloned().map(|k| (k, 1u64 << 60)).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-		},
-		"aura": {
-			"authorities": initial_authorities.iter().map(|x| (x.0.clone())).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-		},
-		"grandpa": {
-			"authorities": initial_authorities.iter().map(|x| (x.1.clone(), 1)).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-		},
-		"sudo": {
-			// Assign network admin rights.
-			"key": Some(root_key),
-		},
-	})
-}
diff --git a/templates/solochain/node/src/command.rs b/templates/solochain/node/src/command.rs
index 624ace1bf350a1d5b36d0f409d0ca3868fd127fc..e2c7657c95cce937395dedc624b2cff51e937297 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/node/src/command.rs
+++ b/templates/solochain/node/src/command.rs
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ impl SubstrateCli for Cli {
 
 	fn load_spec(&self, id: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn sc_service::ChainSpec>, String> {
 		Ok(match id {
-			"dev" => Box::new(chain_spec::development_config()?),
-			"" | "local" => Box::new(chain_spec::local_testnet_config()?),
+			"dev" => Box::new(chain_spec::development_chain_spec()?),
+			"" | "local" => Box::new(chain_spec::local_chain_spec()?),
 			path =>
 				Box::new(chain_spec::ChainSpec::from_json_file(std::path::PathBuf::from(path))?),
 		})
diff --git a/templates/solochain/node/src/service.rs b/templates/solochain/node/src/service.rs
index 2de543235ec8cc1b6cf011e699cd5f21293b64a8..4192128b6724a3f2080c25a469aec1def08e41b4 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/node/src/service.rs
+++ b/templates/solochain/node/src/service.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pub type Service = sc_service::PartialComponents<
 	FullBackend,
 	FullSelectChain,
 	sc_consensus::DefaultImportQueue<Block>,
-	sc_transaction_pool::FullPool<Block, FullClient>,
+	sc_transaction_pool::TransactionPoolHandle<Block, FullClient>,
 	(
 		sc_consensus_grandpa::GrandpaBlockImport<FullBackend, Block, FullClient, FullSelectChain>,
 		sc_consensus_grandpa::LinkHalf<Block, FullClient, FullSelectChain>,
@@ -67,12 +67,15 @@ pub fn new_partial(config: &Configuration) -> Result<Service, ServiceError> {
 
 	let select_chain = sc_consensus::LongestChain::new(backend.clone());
 
-	let transaction_pool = sc_transaction_pool::BasicPool::new_full(
-		config.transaction_pool.clone(),
-		config.role.is_authority().into(),
-		config.prometheus_registry(),
-		task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
-		client.clone(),
+	let transaction_pool = Arc::from(
+		sc_transaction_pool::Builder::new(
+			task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
+			client.clone(),
+			config.role.is_authority().into(),
+		)
+		.with_options(config.transaction_pool.clone())
+		.with_prometheus(config.prometheus_registry())
+		.build(),
 	);
 
 	let (grandpa_block_import, grandpa_link) = sc_consensus_grandpa::block_import(
diff --git a/templates/solochain/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs b/templates/solochain/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs
index d1a9554aed6dc0533f914e18661942ed56bcd514..8af5d246f76145bac77312c5a57fd648741e87e0 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs
+++ b/templates/solochain/pallets/template/src/benchmarking.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //! Benchmarking setup for pallet-template
-#![cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
+
 use super::*;
 
 #[allow(unused)]
diff --git a/templates/solochain/runtime/Cargo.toml b/templates/solochain/runtime/Cargo.toml
index 9a1f7145c2ca3bd49ee489bbeeda72efe739bc5e..8a7fa74a59779b87ceeb5309128fab27b678d452 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/runtime/Cargo.toml
+++ b/templates/solochain/runtime/Cargo.toml
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ scale-info = { features = [
 	"derive",
 	"serde",
 ], workspace = true }
+serde_json = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["alloc"] }
 
 # frame
 frame-support = { features = ["experimental"], workspace = true }
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ sp-consensus-aura = { features = [
 sp-consensus-grandpa = { features = [
 	"serde",
 ], workspace = true }
+sp-keyring = { workspace = true }
 sp-core = { features = [
 	"serde",
 ], workspace = true }
@@ -114,6 +116,8 @@ std = [
 	"sp-transaction-pool/std",
 	"sp-version/std",
 
+	"serde_json/std",
+	"sp-keyring/std",
 	"substrate-wasm-builder",
 ]
 
diff --git a/templates/solochain/runtime/src/apis.rs b/templates/solochain/runtime/src/apis.rs
index 1e3dc452857c993711698c29eb995afe5d955a91..87a09a5f7feefabcb3b5608fe52fc3edb1ac0fde 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/runtime/src/apis.rs
+++ b/templates/solochain/runtime/src/apis.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 // For more information, please refer to <http://unlicense.org>
 
 // External crates imports
-use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
+use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use frame_support::{
 	genesis_builder_helper::{build_state, get_preset},
 	weights::Weight,
@@ -285,11 +285,11 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 		}
 
 		fn get_preset(id: &Option<sp_genesis_builder::PresetId>) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
-			get_preset::<RuntimeGenesisConfig>(id, |_| None)
+			get_preset::<RuntimeGenesisConfig>(id, crate::genesis_config_presets::get_preset)
 		}
 
 		fn preset_names() -> Vec<sp_genesis_builder::PresetId> {
-			vec![]
+			crate::genesis_config_presets::preset_names()
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/templates/solochain/runtime/src/configs/mod.rs b/templates/solochain/runtime/src/configs/mod.rs
index a5c12fbd79ab00f4d161c49692499c77d491f7f0..02d44967513ec9496e29315938e239bb0f26c66c 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/runtime/src/configs/mod.rs
+++ b/templates/solochain/runtime/src/configs/mod.rs
@@ -133,7 +133,8 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type FreezeIdentifier = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type MaxFreezes = VariantCountOf<RuntimeFreezeReason>;
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
-	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
+	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
diff --git a/templates/solochain/runtime/src/genesis_config_presets.rs b/templates/solochain/runtime/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..693ae5c2221f268ce9d04703ae9e6e140d7c4c50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/solochain/runtime/src/genesis_config_presets.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use crate::{AccountId, BalancesConfig, RuntimeGenesisConfig, SudoConfig};
+use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
+use serde_json::Value;
+use sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::AuthorityId as AuraId;
+use sp_consensus_grandpa::AuthorityId as GrandpaId;
+use sp_genesis_builder::{self, PresetId};
+use sp_keyring::AccountKeyring;
+
+// Returns the genesis config presets populated with given parameters.
+fn testnet_genesis(
+	initial_authorities: Vec<(AuraId, GrandpaId)>,
+	endowed_accounts: Vec<AccountId>,
+	root: AccountId,
+) -> Value {
+	let config = RuntimeGenesisConfig {
+		balances: BalancesConfig {
+			balances: endowed_accounts
+				.iter()
+				.cloned()
+				.map(|k| (k, 1u128 << 60))
+				.collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+		},
+		aura: pallet_aura::GenesisConfig {
+			authorities: initial_authorities.iter().map(|x| (x.0.clone())).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+		},
+		grandpa: pallet_grandpa::GenesisConfig {
+			authorities: initial_authorities.iter().map(|x| (x.1.clone(), 1)).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+			..Default::default()
+		},
+		sudo: SudoConfig { key: Some(root) },
+		..Default::default()
+	};
+
+	serde_json::to_value(config).expect("Could not build genesis config.")
+}
+
+/// Return the development genesis config.
+pub fn development_config_genesis() -> Value {
+	testnet_genesis(
+		vec![(
+			sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into(),
+			sp_keyring::Ed25519Keyring::Alice.public().into(),
+		)],
+		vec![
+			AccountKeyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+			AccountKeyring::Bob.to_account_id(),
+			AccountKeyring::AliceStash.to_account_id(),
+			AccountKeyring::BobStash.to_account_id(),
+		],
+		sp_keyring::AccountKeyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+	)
+}
+
+/// Return the local genesis config preset.
+pub fn local_config_genesis() -> Value {
+	testnet_genesis(
+		vec![
+			(
+				sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring::Alice.public().into(),
+				sp_keyring::Ed25519Keyring::Alice.public().into(),
+			),
+			(
+				sp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring::Bob.public().into(),
+				sp_keyring::Ed25519Keyring::Bob.public().into(),
+			),
+		],
+		AccountKeyring::iter()
+			.filter(|v| v != &AccountKeyring::One && v != &AccountKeyring::Two)
+			.map(|v| v.to_account_id())
+			.collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+		AccountKeyring::Alice.to_account_id(),
+	)
+}
+
+/// Provides the JSON representation of predefined genesis config for given `id`.
+pub fn get_preset(id: &PresetId) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
+	let patch = match id.try_into() {
+		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET) => development_config_genesis(),
+		Ok(sp_genesis_builder::LOCAL_TESTNET_RUNTIME_PRESET) => local_config_genesis(),
+		_ => return None,
+	};
+	Some(
+		serde_json::to_string(&patch)
+			.expect("serialization to json is expected to work. qed.")
+			.into_bytes(),
+	)
+}
+
+/// List of supported presets.
+pub fn preset_names() -> Vec<PresetId> {
+	vec![
+		PresetId::from(sp_genesis_builder::DEV_RUNTIME_PRESET),
+		PresetId::from(sp_genesis_builder::LOCAL_TESTNET_RUNTIME_PRESET),
+	]
+}
diff --git a/templates/solochain/runtime/src/lib.rs b/templates/solochain/runtime/src/lib.rs
index 279518c8f47ca476690ab7d3400e28b70ca5f92c..bc47f3aeac85d5f4c5e8b551ca345950bcb6491e 100644
--- a/templates/solochain/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/templates/solochain/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ pub use pallet_timestamp::Call as TimestampCall;
 #[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
 pub use sp_runtime::BuildStorage;
 
+pub mod genesis_config_presets;
+
 /// Opaque types. These are used by the CLI to instantiate machinery that don't need to know
 /// the specifics of the runtime. They can then be made to be agnostic over specific formats
 /// of data like extrinsics, allowing for them to continue syncing the network through upgrades
diff --git a/templates/zombienet/Cargo.toml b/templates/zombienet/Cargo.toml
index cb2adf70dbd8278bebee460bfb08e10f5999ad75..f29325dbe6a90ae45fbd39cec85a804ac753ee8b 100644
--- a/templates/zombienet/Cargo.toml
+++ b/templates/zombienet/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ edition.workspace = true
 publish = false
 
 [dependencies]
-env_logger = "0.11.2"
-log = "0.4"
-tokio = { version = "1.36.0", features = ["rt-multi-thread"] }
-anyhow = "1.0.81"
-zombienet-sdk = "0.2.8"
+env_logger = { workspace = true }
+log = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread"] }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+zombienet-sdk = { workspace = true }
 
 [features]
 zombienet = []
diff --git a/umbrella/Cargo.toml b/umbrella/Cargo.toml
index b7c1c375094fff9a51f00b3137dbaa76850576b8..e05bf129bbd5efe9e286d5f7a68e898ea728246a 100644
--- a/umbrella/Cargo.toml
+++ b/umbrella/Cargo.toml
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ runtime-benchmarks = [
 	"parachains-common?/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"polkadot-cli?/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"polkadot-node-metrics?/runtime-benchmarks",
-	"polkadot-parachain-lib?/runtime-benchmarks",
+	"polkadot-omni-node-lib?/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"polkadot-parachain-primitives?/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"polkadot-primitives?/runtime-benchmarks",
 	"polkadot-runtime-common?/runtime-benchmarks",
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ try-runtime = [
 	"pallet-xcm-bridge-hub?/try-runtime",
 	"pallet-xcm?/try-runtime",
 	"polkadot-cli?/try-runtime",
-	"polkadot-parachain-lib?/try-runtime",
+	"polkadot-omni-node-lib?/try-runtime",
 	"polkadot-runtime-common?/try-runtime",
 	"polkadot-runtime-parachains?/try-runtime",
 	"polkadot-sdk-frame?/try-runtime",
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ runtime = [
 	"sp-wasm-interface",
 	"sp-weights",
 ]
-node = ["asset-test-utils", "bridge-hub-test-utils", "cumulus-client-cli", "cumulus-client-collator", "cumulus-client-consensus-aura", "cumulus-client-consensus-common", "cumulus-client-consensus-proposer", "cumulus-client-consensus-relay-chain", "cumulus-client-network", "cumulus-client-parachain-inherent", "cumulus-client-pov-recovery", "cumulus-client-service", "cumulus-relay-chain-inprocess-interface", "cumulus-relay-chain-interface", "cumulus-relay-chain-minimal-node", "cumulus-relay-chain-rpc-interface", "cumulus-test-relay-sproof-builder", "emulated-integration-tests-common", "fork-tree", "frame-benchmarking-cli", "frame-remote-externalities", "frame-support-procedural-tools", "generate-bags", "mmr-gadget", "mmr-rpc", "pallet-contracts-mock-network", "pallet-revive-mock-network", "pallet-transaction-payment-rpc", "parachains-runtimes-test-utils", "polkadot-approval-distribution", "polkadot-availability-bitfield-distribution", "polkadot-availability-distribution", "polkadot-availability-recovery", "polkadot-cli", "polkadot-collator-protocol", "polkadot-dispute-distribution", "polkadot-erasure-coding", "polkadot-gossip-support", "polkadot-network-bridge", "polkadot-node-collation-generation", "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting", "polkadot-node-core-av-store", "polkadot-node-core-backing", "polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing", "polkadot-node-core-candidate-validation", "polkadot-node-core-chain-api", "polkadot-node-core-chain-selection", "polkadot-node-core-dispute-coordinator", "polkadot-node-core-parachains-inherent", "polkadot-node-core-prospective-parachains", "polkadot-node-core-provisioner", "polkadot-node-core-pvf", "polkadot-node-core-pvf-checker", "polkadot-node-core-pvf-common", "polkadot-node-core-pvf-execute-worker", "polkadot-node-core-pvf-prepare-worker", "polkadot-node-core-runtime-api", "polkadot-node-jaeger", "polkadot-node-metrics", "polkadot-node-network-protocol", "polkadot-node-primitives", "polkadot-node-subsystem", "polkadot-node-subsystem-types", "polkadot-node-subsystem-util", "polkadot-overseer", "polkadot-parachain-lib", "polkadot-rpc", "polkadot-service", "polkadot-statement-distribution", "polkadot-statement-table", "sc-allocator", "sc-authority-discovery", "sc-basic-authorship", "sc-block-builder", "sc-chain-spec", "sc-cli", "sc-client-api", "sc-client-db", "sc-consensus", "sc-consensus-aura", "sc-consensus-babe", "sc-consensus-babe-rpc", "sc-consensus-beefy", "sc-consensus-beefy-rpc", "sc-consensus-epochs", "sc-consensus-grandpa", "sc-consensus-grandpa-rpc", "sc-consensus-manual-seal", "sc-consensus-pow", "sc-consensus-slots", "sc-executor", "sc-executor-common", "sc-executor-polkavm", "sc-executor-wasmtime", "sc-informant", "sc-keystore", "sc-mixnet", "sc-network", "sc-network-common", "sc-network-gossip", "sc-network-light", "sc-network-statement", "sc-network-sync", "sc-network-transactions", "sc-network-types", "sc-offchain", "sc-proposer-metrics", "sc-rpc", "sc-rpc-api", "sc-rpc-server", "sc-rpc-spec-v2", "sc-service", "sc-state-db", "sc-statement-store", "sc-storage-monitor", "sc-sync-state-rpc", "sc-sysinfo", "sc-telemetry", "sc-tracing", "sc-transaction-pool", "sc-transaction-pool-api", "sc-utils", "snowbridge-runtime-test-common", "sp-blockchain", "sp-consensus", "sp-core-hashing", "sp-core-hashing-proc-macro", "sp-database", "sp-maybe-compressed-blob", "sp-panic-handler", "sp-rpc", "staging-chain-spec-builder", "staging-node-inspect", "staging-tracking-allocator", "std", "subkey", "substrate-build-script-utils", "substrate-frame-rpc-support", "substrate-frame-rpc-system", "substrate-prometheus-endpoint", "substrate-rpc-client", "substrate-state-trie-migration-rpc", "substrate-wasm-builder", "tracing-gum", "xcm-emulator", "xcm-simulator"]
+node = ["asset-test-utils", "bridge-hub-test-utils", "cumulus-client-cli", "cumulus-client-collator", "cumulus-client-consensus-aura", "cumulus-client-consensus-common", "cumulus-client-consensus-proposer", "cumulus-client-consensus-relay-chain", "cumulus-client-network", "cumulus-client-parachain-inherent", "cumulus-client-pov-recovery", "cumulus-client-service", "cumulus-relay-chain-inprocess-interface", "cumulus-relay-chain-interface", "cumulus-relay-chain-minimal-node", "cumulus-relay-chain-rpc-interface", "cumulus-test-relay-sproof-builder", "emulated-integration-tests-common", "fork-tree", "frame-benchmarking-cli", "frame-remote-externalities", "frame-support-procedural-tools", "generate-bags", "mmr-gadget", "mmr-rpc", "pallet-contracts-mock-network", "pallet-revive-mock-network", "pallet-transaction-payment-rpc", "parachains-runtimes-test-utils", "polkadot-approval-distribution", "polkadot-availability-bitfield-distribution", "polkadot-availability-distribution", "polkadot-availability-recovery", "polkadot-cli", "polkadot-collator-protocol", "polkadot-dispute-distribution", "polkadot-erasure-coding", "polkadot-gossip-support", "polkadot-network-bridge", "polkadot-node-collation-generation", "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting", "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel", "polkadot-node-core-av-store", "polkadot-node-core-backing", "polkadot-node-core-bitfield-signing", "polkadot-node-core-candidate-validation", "polkadot-node-core-chain-api", "polkadot-node-core-chain-selection", "polkadot-node-core-dispute-coordinator", "polkadot-node-core-parachains-inherent", "polkadot-node-core-prospective-parachains", "polkadot-node-core-provisioner", "polkadot-node-core-pvf", "polkadot-node-core-pvf-checker", "polkadot-node-core-pvf-common", "polkadot-node-core-pvf-execute-worker", "polkadot-node-core-pvf-prepare-worker", "polkadot-node-core-runtime-api", "polkadot-node-metrics", "polkadot-node-network-protocol", "polkadot-node-primitives", "polkadot-node-subsystem", "polkadot-node-subsystem-types", "polkadot-node-subsystem-util", "polkadot-omni-node-lib", "polkadot-overseer", "polkadot-rpc", "polkadot-service", "polkadot-statement-distribution", "polkadot-statement-table", "sc-allocator", "sc-authority-discovery", "sc-basic-authorship", "sc-block-builder", "sc-chain-spec", "sc-cli", "sc-client-api", "sc-client-db", "sc-consensus", "sc-consensus-aura", "sc-consensus-babe", "sc-consensus-babe-rpc", "sc-consensus-beefy", "sc-consensus-beefy-rpc", "sc-consensus-epochs", "sc-consensus-grandpa", "sc-consensus-grandpa-rpc", "sc-consensus-manual-seal", "sc-consensus-pow", "sc-consensus-slots", "sc-executor", "sc-executor-common", "sc-executor-polkavm", "sc-executor-wasmtime", "sc-informant", "sc-keystore", "sc-mixnet", "sc-network", "sc-network-common", "sc-network-gossip", "sc-network-light", "sc-network-statement", "sc-network-sync", "sc-network-transactions", "sc-network-types", "sc-offchain", "sc-proposer-metrics", "sc-rpc", "sc-rpc-api", "sc-rpc-server", "sc-rpc-spec-v2", "sc-service", "sc-state-db", "sc-statement-store", "sc-storage-monitor", "sc-sync-state-rpc", "sc-sysinfo", "sc-telemetry", "sc-tracing", "sc-transaction-pool", "sc-transaction-pool-api", "sc-utils", "snowbridge-runtime-test-common", "sp-blockchain", "sp-consensus", "sp-core-hashing", "sp-core-hashing-proc-macro", "sp-database", "sp-maybe-compressed-blob", "sp-panic-handler", "sp-rpc", "staging-chain-spec-builder", "staging-node-inspect", "staging-tracking-allocator", "std", "subkey", "substrate-build-script-utils", "substrate-frame-rpc-support", "substrate-frame-rpc-system", "substrate-prometheus-endpoint", "substrate-rpc-client", "substrate-state-trie-migration-rpc", "substrate-wasm-builder", "tracing-gum", "xcm-emulator", "xcm-simulator"]
 tuples-96 = [
 	"frame-support-procedural?/tuples-96",
 	"frame-support?/tuples-96",
@@ -1967,6 +1967,11 @@ path = "../polkadot/node/core/approval-voting"
 default-features = false
 optional = true
 
+[dependencies.polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel]
+path = "../polkadot/node/core/approval-voting-parallel"
+default-features = false
+optional = true
+
 [dependencies.polkadot-node-core-av-store]
 path = "../polkadot/node/core/av-store"
 default-features = false
@@ -2047,11 +2052,6 @@ path = "../polkadot/node/core/runtime-api"
 default-features = false
 optional = true
 
-[dependencies.polkadot-node-jaeger]
-path = "../polkadot/node/jaeger"
-default-features = false
-optional = true
-
 [dependencies.polkadot-node-metrics]
 path = "../polkadot/node/metrics"
 default-features = false
@@ -2082,13 +2082,13 @@ path = "../polkadot/node/subsystem-util"
 default-features = false
 optional = true
 
-[dependencies.polkadot-overseer]
-path = "../polkadot/node/overseer"
+[dependencies.polkadot-omni-node-lib]
+path = "../cumulus/polkadot-omni-node/lib"
 default-features = false
 optional = true
 
-[dependencies.polkadot-parachain-lib]
-path = "../cumulus/polkadot-parachain/polkadot-parachain-lib"
+[dependencies.polkadot-overseer]
+path = "../polkadot/node/overseer"
 default-features = false
 optional = true
 
diff --git a/umbrella/src/lib.rs b/umbrella/src/lib.rs
index b7b9c15fe5880f5c631355155312a588f10d2561..7778706d515d07f60f6f349fcdb59f0425658cf9 100644
--- a/umbrella/src/lib.rs
+++ b/umbrella/src/lib.rs
@@ -796,6 +796,10 @@ pub use polkadot_node_collation_generation;
 #[cfg(feature = "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting")]
 pub use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting;
 
+/// Approval Voting Subsystem running approval work in parallel.
+#[cfg(feature = "polkadot-node-core-approval-voting-parallel")]
+pub use polkadot_node_core_approval_voting_parallel;
+
 /// The Availability Store subsystem. Wrapper over the DB that stores availability data and
 /// chunks.
 #[cfg(feature = "polkadot-node-core-av-store")]
@@ -870,10 +874,6 @@ pub use polkadot_node_core_pvf_prepare_worker;
 #[cfg(feature = "polkadot-node-core-runtime-api")]
 pub use polkadot_node_core_runtime_api;
 
-/// Polkadot Jaeger primitives, but equally useful for Grafana/Tempo.
-#[cfg(feature = "polkadot-node-jaeger")]
-pub use polkadot_node_jaeger;
-
 /// Subsystem metric helpers.
 #[cfg(feature = "polkadot-node-metrics")]
 pub use polkadot_node_metrics;
@@ -898,14 +898,14 @@ pub use polkadot_node_subsystem_types;
 #[cfg(feature = "polkadot-node-subsystem-util")]
 pub use polkadot_node_subsystem_util;
 
+/// Helper library that can be used to build a parachain node.
+#[cfg(feature = "polkadot-omni-node-lib")]
+pub use polkadot_omni_node_lib;
+
 /// System overseer of the Polkadot node.
 #[cfg(feature = "polkadot-overseer")]
 pub use polkadot_overseer;
 
-/// Helper library that can be used to build a parachain node.
-#[cfg(feature = "polkadot-parachain-lib")]
-pub use polkadot_parachain_lib;
-
 /// Types and utilities for creating and working with parachains.
 #[cfg(feature = "polkadot-parachain-primitives")]
 pub use polkadot_parachain_primitives;