client.rs

// Copyright 2019-2021 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
// This file is part of Parity Bridges Common.

// Parity Bridges Common is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.

// Parity Bridges Common is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Parity Bridges Common.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

//! Substrate node client.

use crate::chain::{Chain, ChainWithBalances};
use crate::rpc::Substrate;
use crate::{ConnectionParams, Error, Result};

use async_std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
use codec::Decode;
use frame_system::AccountInfo;
use jsonrpsee_ws_client::{traits::SubscriptionClient, v2::params::JsonRpcParams, DeserializeOwned};
use jsonrpsee_ws_client::{Subscription, WsClient as RpcClient, WsClientBuilder as RpcClientBuilder};
use num_traits::Zero;
use pallet_balances::AccountData;
use sp_core::{storage::StorageKey, Bytes};
use sp_trie::StorageProof;
use sp_version::RuntimeVersion;

const SUB_API_GRANDPA_AUTHORITIES: &str = "GrandpaApi_grandpa_authorities";
const MAX_SUBSCRIPTION_CAPACITY: usize = 4096;

/// Opaque justifications subscription type.
pub type JustificationsSubscription = Subscription<Bytes>;

/// Opaque GRANDPA authorities set.
pub type OpaqueGrandpaAuthoritiesSet = Vec<u8>;

/// Substrate client type.
///
/// Cloning `Client` is a cheap operation.
pub struct Client<C: Chain> {
	/// Client connection params.
	params: ConnectionParams,
	/// Substrate RPC client.
	client: Arc<RpcClient>,
	/// Genesis block hash.
	genesis_hash: C::Hash,
	/// If several tasks are submitting their transactions simultaneously using `submit_signed_extrinsic`
	/// method, they may get the same transaction nonce. So one of transactions will be rejected
	/// from the pool. This lock is here to prevent situations like that.
	submit_signed_extrinsic_lock: Arc<Mutex<()>>,
}

impl<C: Chain> Clone for Client<C> {
	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
		Client {
			params: self.params.clone(),
			client: self.client.clone(),
			genesis_hash: self.genesis_hash,
			submit_signed_extrinsic_lock: self.submit_signed_extrinsic_lock.clone(),
		}
	}
}

impl<C: Chain> std::fmt::Debug for Client<C> {
	fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
		fmt.debug_struct("Client")
			.field("genesis_hash", &self.genesis_hash)
			.finish()
	}
}

impl<C: Chain> Client<C> {
	/// Returns client that is able to call RPCs on Substrate node over websocket connection.
	pub async fn new(params: ConnectionParams) -> Result<Self> {
		let client = Self::build_client(params.clone()).await?;

		let number: C::BlockNumber = Zero::zero();
		let genesis_hash = Substrate::<C>::chain_get_block_hash(&*client, number).await?;

		Ok(Self {
			params,
			client,
			genesis_hash,
			submit_signed_extrinsic_lock: Arc::new(Mutex::new(())),
		})
	}

	/// Reopen client connection.
	pub async fn reconnect(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
		self.client = Self::build_client(self.params.clone()).await?;
		Ok(())
	}

	/// Build client to use in connection.
	async fn build_client(params: ConnectionParams) -> Result<Arc<RpcClient>> {
		let uri = format!(
			"{}://{}:{}",
			if params.secure { "wss" } else { "ws" },
			params.host,
			params.port,
		);
		let client = RpcClientBuilder::default()
			.max_notifs_per_subscription(MAX_SUBSCRIPTION_CAPACITY)
			.build(&uri)
			.await?;

		Ok(Arc::new(client))
	}
}

impl<C: Chain> Client<C> {
	/// Returns true if client is connected to at least one peer and is in synced state.
	pub async fn ensure_synced(&self) -> Result<()> {
		let health = Substrate::<C>::system_health(&*self.client).await?;
		let is_synced = !health.is_syncing && (!health.should_have_peers || health.peers > 0);
		if is_synced {
			Ok(())
		} else {
			Err(Error::ClientNotSynced(health))
		}
	}

	/// Return hash of the genesis block.
	pub fn genesis_hash(&self) -> &C::Hash {
		&self.genesis_hash
	}

	/// Return hash of the best finalized block.
	pub async fn best_finalized_header_hash(&self) -> Result<C::Hash> {
		Ok(Substrate::<C>::chain_get_finalized_head(&*self.client).await?)
	}

	/// Returns the best Substrate header.
	pub async fn best_header(&self) -> Result<C::Header>
	where
		C::Header: DeserializeOwned,
	{
		Ok(Substrate::<C>::chain_get_header(&*self.client, None).await?)
	}

	/// Get a Substrate block from its hash.
	pub async fn get_block(&self, block_hash: Option<C::Hash>) -> Result<C::SignedBlock> {
		Ok(Substrate::<C>::chain_get_block(&*self.client, block_hash).await?)
	}

	/// Get a Substrate header by its hash.
	pub async fn header_by_hash(&self, block_hash: C::Hash) -> Result<C::Header>
	where
		C::Header: DeserializeOwned,
	{
		Ok(Substrate::<C>::chain_get_header(&*self.client, block_hash).await?)
	}

	/// Get a Substrate block hash by its number.
	pub async fn block_hash_by_number(&self, number: C::BlockNumber) -> Result<C::Hash> {
		Ok(Substrate::<C>::chain_get_block_hash(&*self.client, number).await?)
	}

	/// Get a Substrate header by its number.
	pub async fn header_by_number(&self, block_number: C::BlockNumber) -> Result<C::Header>
	where
		C::Header: DeserializeOwned,
	{
		let block_hash = Self::block_hash_by_number(self, block_number).await?;
		Ok(Self::header_by_hash(self, block_hash).await?)
	}

	/// Return runtime version.
	pub async fn runtime_version(&self) -> Result<RuntimeVersion> {
		Ok(Substrate::<C>::state_runtime_version(&*self.client).await?)
	}

	/// Read value from runtime storage.
	pub async fn storage_value<T: Decode>(&self, storage_key: StorageKey) -> Result<Option<T>> {
		Substrate::<C>::state_get_storage(&*self.client, storage_key)
			.await?
			.map(|encoded_value| T::decode(&mut &encoded_value.0[..]).map_err(Error::ResponseParseFailed))
			.transpose()
	}

	/// Return native tokens balance of the account.
	pub async fn free_native_balance(&self, account: C::AccountId) -> Result<C::NativeBalance>
	where
		C: ChainWithBalances,
	{
		let storage_key = C::account_info_storage_key(&account);
		let encoded_account_data = Substrate::<C>::state_get_storage(&*self.client, storage_key)
			.await?
			.ok_or(Error::AccountDoesNotExist)?;
		let decoded_account_data =
			AccountInfo::<C::Index, AccountData<C::NativeBalance>>::decode(&mut &encoded_account_data.0[..])
				.map_err(Error::ResponseParseFailed)?;
		Ok(decoded_account_data.data.free)
	}

	/// Get the nonce of the given Substrate account.
	///
	/// Note: It's the caller's responsibility to make sure `account` is a valid ss58 address.
	pub async fn next_account_index(&self, account: C::AccountId) -> Result<C::Index> {
		Ok(Substrate::<C>::system_account_next_index(&*self.client, account).await?)
	}

	/// Submit unsigned extrinsic for inclusion in a block.
	///
	/// Note: The given transaction needs to be SCALE encoded beforehand.
	pub async fn submit_unsigned_extrinsic(&self, transaction: Bytes) -> Result<C::Hash> {
		let tx_hash = Substrate::<C>::author_submit_extrinsic(&*self.client, transaction).await?;
		log::trace!(target: "bridge", "Sent transaction to Substrate node: {:?}", tx_hash);
		Ok(tx_hash)
	}

	/// Submit an extrinsic signed by given account.
	///
	/// All calls of this method are synchronized, so there can't be more than one active
	/// `submit_signed_extrinsic()` call. This guarantees that no nonces collision may happen
	/// if all client instances are clones of the same initial `Client`.
	///
	/// Note: The given transaction needs to be SCALE encoded beforehand.
	pub async fn submit_signed_extrinsic(
		&self,
		extrinsic_signer: C::AccountId,
		prepare_extrinsic: impl FnOnce(C::Index) -> Bytes,
	) -> Result<C::Hash> {
		let _guard = self.submit_signed_extrinsic_lock.lock().await;
		let transaction_nonce = self.next_account_index(extrinsic_signer).await?;
		let extrinsic = prepare_extrinsic(transaction_nonce);
		let tx_hash = Substrate::<C>::author_submit_extrinsic(&*self.client, extrinsic).await?;
		log::trace!(target: "bridge", "Sent transaction to {} node: {:?}", C::NAME, tx_hash);
		Ok(tx_hash)
	}

	/// Get the GRANDPA authority set at given block.
	pub async fn grandpa_authorities_set(&self, block: C::Hash) -> Result<OpaqueGrandpaAuthoritiesSet> {
		let call = SUB_API_GRANDPA_AUTHORITIES.to_string();
		let data = Bytes(Vec::new());

		let encoded_response = Substrate::<C>::state_call(&*self.client, call, data, Some(block)).await?;
		let authority_list = encoded_response.0;

		Ok(authority_list)
	}

	/// Execute runtime call at given block.
	pub async fn state_call(&self, method: String, data: Bytes, at_block: Option<C::Hash>) -> Result<Bytes> {
		Substrate::<C>::state_call(&*self.client, method, data, at_block)
			.await
			.map_err(Into::into)
	}

	/// Returns storage proof of given storage keys.
	pub async fn prove_storage(&self, keys: Vec<StorageKey>, at_block: C::Hash) -> Result<StorageProof> {
		Substrate::<C>::state_prove_storage(&*self.client, keys, Some(at_block))
			.await
			.map(|proof| StorageProof::new(proof.proof.into_iter().map(|b| b.0).collect()))
			.map_err(Into::into)
	}

	/// Return new justifications stream.
	pub async fn subscribe_justifications(&self) -> Result<JustificationsSubscription> {
		Ok(self
			.client
			.subscribe(
				"grandpa_subscribeJustifications",
				JsonRpcParams::NoParams,
				"grandpa_unsubscribeJustifications",
			)
			.await?)
	}
}